Diptera insect genital organ treatment device and method based on metal bath

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of entomology specimen manufacturing, in particular to a diptera insect genital treatment device based on a metal bath, which comprises a metal bath heater and a centrifuge tube, the top of the metal bath heater is detachably connected with a metal block, the top of the metal block is provided with a plurality of placement holes, and the metal block is detachably connected with a protective cover. A pressing plate is in sliding fit with the middle of the protective cover, a plurality of first springs are arranged between the pressing plate and the inner top wall of the protective cover, wedge-shaped blocks which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to the top of the pressing plate, the side walls of the wedge-shaped blocks make contact with the corresponding inner side walls of the protective cover, and the distance between the sides, close to each other, of inclined faces of the wedge-shaped blocks is gradually increased upwards. A fixing column is fixedly connected to the center of the inner top wall of the protective cover and provided with a plurality of pushing assemblies. The metal bath heater is combined with self-adaptive pressing on the centrifugal tube, the genitals of the diptera insects are rapidly treated under the conditions of corresponding temperature and rotating speed, efficient softening is achieved, and meanwhile structural damage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of entomological specimen preparation technology, specifically to a device and method for processing the reproductive organs of dipteran insects based on a metal bath. Background Technology

[0002] The reproductive structure of dipteran insects (mosquitoes, flies, horseflies, etc.) is one of the most crucial morphological bases for species identification.

[0003] However, the genitals of Diptera insects are usually concealed within the last abdominal segment, encased in a hard chitinous exoskeleton and soft tissue, making dissection preparation extremely difficult. In order to clearly observe and study their fine structure, it is necessary to soften these hard exoskeletons and soft tissues through chemical methods, making them transparent or easy to dissect. Currently, the main conventional treatment methods include boiling or cold soaking in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, and soaking in lactic acid solution. By utilizing the corrosive or penetrating properties of these chemical reagents, the tissues encasing the genitals are gradually decomposed or softened, thereby exposing their internal structure, which facilitates subsequent slide preparation, observation, and classification identification.

[0004] The most common method is boiling with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, which uses a water bath to heat the sample in the centrifuge tube to promote softening. However, the water bath treatment usually takes several hours to several days. During this process, the sample needs to be continuously placed in strong alkali or strong acid reagents for several hours to several days. The corrosiveness of strong alkali or strong acid reagents to chitin in the sample causes damage to the fine structure of the sample (such as teeth, bristles, and membranous parts on bone fragments). In addition, water baths and oil baths can only heat the sample. During the heating process, the sample will sink to the bottom of the centrifuge tube, which can easily lead to uneven local reaction of the sample. To address this, metal baths are now commonly used to oscillate and heat the sample. For example, the HCM100-Pro constant temperature oscillating metal bath includes a metal bath heating element, a metal block, a protective cover, a temperature control system, and an oscillation mixing system. The metal block has several fixing holes for placing centrifuge tubes. Through precise temperature control and oscillation mixing, the reaction system is ensured to be heated evenly. In actual use, centrifuge tubes containing the built-in sample are placed in the fixing hole, and the HCM100-Pro constant temperature shaking metal bath is used to heat and shake the sample to ensure uniform heating. However, when the centrifuge tubes follow the metal block in a circular motion, the softening liquid inside the centrifuge tubes moves upward along the tube wall due to centrifugal force. If the operator fails to completely close the centrifuge tube cap due to negligence (leaking a gap in the cap), the softening liquid will overflow from the gap due to centrifugal force, especially at higher speeds, increasing the risk of liquid splashing. In addition, the centrifuge tubes may slightly shift due to vibration or centrifugal force during shaking, further widening the cap gap and exacerbating the leakage problem. Leakage of the softening liquid will reduce the amount of liquid in the centrifuge tubes, making it impossible to completely submerge the sample and reducing the processing effect.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a device and method for treating the reproductive organs of dipteran insects based on a metal bath, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a device and method for processing the reproductive organs of dipteran insects based on a metal bath. By combining a metal bath heater with adaptive compression of centrifuge tubes, the reproductive organs of dipteran insects are rapidly processed under corresponding temperature and rotation speed conditions, achieving efficient softening while reducing structural damage.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A device for treating the reproductive organs of dipteran insects based on a metal bath includes a metal bath heater. A metal block is detachably connected to the top of the metal bath heater. Several mounting holes are opened on the top of the metal block. A protective cover is detachably connected to the metal block. A pressure plate is slidably fitted in the middle of the protective cover. The pressure plate is parallel to the top wall of the protective cover. Several first springs are provided between the pressure plate and the inner top wall of the protective cover. Both ends of the first springs are fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the protective cover and the top of the pressure plate, respectively. Symmetrically arranged wedge blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the pressure plate. The side walls of the wedge blocks are in contact with the corresponding inner side walls of the protective cover. The distance between the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks gradually increases upwards on the side they are close to each other. A fixing post is fixedly connected to the center of the inner top wall of the protective cover. Several pushing components corresponding to the wedge blocks are provided on the fixing post for applying a pushing force to the wedge blocks to control the sliding of the pressure plate.

[0008] The technical principle of the above solution is as follows: When the protective cover is installed on the metal block and the metal block is not stationary, the pressure plate is above the centrifuge tube under the tension of the first spring. The pressure plate has no contact with the centrifuge tube, and the protective cover only plays a protective role. When the metal block starts to rotate, the metal block drives the protective cover to make a circular motion synchronously. The centrifugal force generated by the circular motion of the protective cover drives the push component to approach the corresponding wedge block and applies a thrust to the inclined surface of the wedge block. The horizontal thrust is converted into a downward vertical thrust through the inclined surface, pushing the pressure plate to slide downward, so that the pressure plate applies pressure to the centrifuge tube.

[0009] The above approach has the following beneficial effects: 1. This method applies pressure to the centrifuge tubes using a pressure plate, ensuring a tight fit between the bottom of the centrifuge tubes and the mounting holes of the metal block. This reduces air gaps, enhances heat conduction efficiency, and makes the samples heat up more evenly. At the same time, the caps on the top of the centrifuge tubes are pressed and closed to prevent leakage of softening liquid during oscillation due to the operator not fully closing the caps, which would reduce the softening effect. 2. This solution prevents the centrifuge tubes from shifting due to vibration or the rotation of the metal block by clamping and fixing them, ensuring the stability of the sample position and preventing the liquid inside the centrifuge tubes from overflowing during oscillation. 3. In this scheme, the inclined surface of the wedge block allows the fixing force of the pressure plate on the centrifuge tube to be adaptively adjusted according to the rotation speed of the metal block.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the pushing components includes a telescopic cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed column, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a push block. A second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each telescopic cylinder, and the other end of each second spring is fixedly connected to the side of the corresponding push block near the fixed column. The wedge blocks are all located within the movement trajectory of the corresponding push block.

[0011] Beneficial effects: When the metal bath heater controls the metal block to rotate, the metal block drives the protective cover to rotate synchronously. When the protective cover rotates, the push block moves outward under centrifugal force and stretches the second spring. The push block slides outward and contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block, generating an outward pushing force on the inclined surface. The horizontal pushing force of the push block is converted into a vertical pushing force through the inclined surface, pushing the wedge block to move downward. The wedge block drives the pressure plate to move downward synchronously, and the pressure plate applies pressure to the top of the centrifuge tube.

[0012] Furthermore, all push blocks are designed with rounded corners.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The rounded corner design reduces the frictional resistance when the push block and the wedge block contact the inclined surface, improves the smoothness of movement between the push block and the wedge block, and enables the pressure plate to quickly adjust the pressure on the centrifuge tube when the rotation speed changes, thus enhancing the adaptive pressure regulation response capability.

[0014] Furthermore, both the push block and the wedge block have a polytetrafluoroethylene coating on their surfaces.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The low coefficient of friction of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating further reduces the frictional resistance between the push block and the wedge block.

[0016] Furthermore, a silicone plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By utilizing the elasticity and flexibility of the silicone plate, the top of the centrifuge tube can be pressed without damage.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner walls of the mounting holes are all equipped with a thermally conductive silicone layer.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The thermally conductive silicone layer enhances the adhesion between the centrifuge tube and the metal block, improves heat conduction efficiency, makes the sample heated more evenly, and shortens the processing time.

[0020] Furthermore, a method for treating the genitals of dipteran insects based on a metal bath includes the following steps: S1: Sample preparation: Remove the part including the last abdominal segment from the Diptera insect specimen, dissect it with a specimen needle, invert the insect body during dissection so that the end of the abdomen is visible, and place the dissected sample in a centrifuge tube. S2: Add treatment solution: Add 0.2 mL of alkaline tissue softening solution to the centrifuge tube, just enough to submerge the sample; S3: Metal Bath Heat Treatment: Centrifuge tubes containing samples are placed in a metal bath heater preheated to the target temperature for heat treatment. The metal bath heater drives a metal block to rotate in a circular motion to agitate the centrifuge tubes, ensuring uniform temperature inside. Simultaneously, the metal block drives the protective cover to rotate in a circular motion. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the protective cover drives a pressure plate to move downwards, applying pressure to the top of the centrifuge tubes to prevent the softening solution inside from spilling out. S4: Cooling and cleaning: After processing, immediately remove the centrifuge tubes and allow them to cool naturally or briefly on a cold plate. Then, briefly clean them with distilled water or other buffer solutions to neutralize any residual alkali. S5: Slide preparation: Place a drop of glycerin on a glass slide, then place the treated sample into it for temporary observation.

[0021] Furthermore, the alkaline tissue softening solution in S2 is preferably a saturated potassium hydroxide solution.

[0022] Furthermore, the target temperature in S3 is 80°C to 95°C, preferably 90°C; the processing time is 10 to 15 minutes, preferably 10 to 12 minutes.

[0023] Furthermore, the metal bath heater in S3 rotates at 200 rpm.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Through steps such as sample preparation, addition of treatment solution, metal bath heat treatment, cooling and cleaning, and slide preparation, combined with specific parameters (such as saturated potassium hydroxide solution, temperature of 80-95°C, treatment time of 10-15 minutes, and rotation speed of 200 rpm), the genitals of dipteran insects are softened and prepared for slide preparation. A standardized processing procedure, combined with a clamping plate for securing centrifuge tubes and a thermally conductive silicone layer to enhance heat transfer efficiency, ensures the consistency and efficiency of sample processing. Using saturated potassium hydroxide solution as an alkaline tissue softening solution, treatment at 80°C to 95°C for 10 to 15 minutes effectively softens insect genital tissue. The 200 rpm rotation speed of the metal bath heater ensures sufficient contact between the treatment solution and the sample while avoiding excessive shaking that could damage the sample. The cooling and cleaning steps use distilled water or buffer solution to neutralize residual alkali, preventing further damage to the sample and improving the clarity and accuracy of subsequent observations. Glycerin is used for temporary observation during slide preparation, or the slides are sealed after dehydration and clearing to meet different observation needs and improve experimental flexibility.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of an embodiment of the present invention's method for treating the reproductive organs of dipteran insects based on a metal bath; Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the metal bath heater of an embodiment of the dipteran insect genitalia treatment device based on a metal bath according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the protective cover of an embodiment of the dipteran insect genitalia treatment device based on a metal bath according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the protective cover of an embodiment of the dipteran insect genitalia treatment device based on a metal bath according to the present invention.

[0027] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Metal bath heater; 2. Metal block; 3. Mounting hole; 4. Protective cover; 5. Pressure plate; 6. First spring; 7. Wedge block; 8. Fixing column; 9. Telescopic cylinder; 10. Push block; 11. Second spring; 12. Silicone plate; 13. Centrifuge tube. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1: As attached Figure 2 As shown: A device for processing the reproductive organs of dipteran insects based on a metal bath includes a metal bath heater 1 and centrifuge tubes 13. A metal block 2 is detachably connected to the top of the metal bath heater 1. Several placement holes 3 are opened on the top of the metal block 2, and the inner wall of each placement hole 3 is provided with a thermally conductive silicone layer. A protective cover 4 is detachably connected to the metal block 2. After the operator presses and closes the cap of the centrifuge tube 13, the centrifuge tube 13 is placed in the placement hole 3. Then, the protective cover 4 is installed on the metal block 2. The metal bath heater 1 controls the metal block 2 to make circular motion to vibrate the centrifuge tube 13 and heat it. During this process, if the operator neglects to apply insufficient pressure or make an angle deviation when closing the cap, and fails to close the cap of centrifuge tube 13 completely, a gap will remain at the cap. The liquid inside centrifuge tube 13 will flow out from the gap due to vibration, resulting in a reduction in the amount of liquid inside centrifuge tube 13. This may prevent the liquid from submerging the sample, thereby reducing the sample processing effect. At the same time, the liquid flowing out of centrifuge tube 13 will splash onto the metal block 2 or the protective cap 4, which may cause damage to the metal block 2 or the protective cap 4 (due to the corrosiveness of acid and alkaline solutions). To ensure the stability of centrifuge tube 13 and the integrity of the liquid inside the tube during the movement of metal block 2, as shown in the attached... Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 As shown, a pressure plate 5 is slidably fitted in the middle of the protective cover 4. The pressure plate 5 is parallel to the top wall of the protective cover 4. A silicone plate 12 is bonded to the bottom of the pressure plate 5. Several first springs 6 are provided between the pressure plate 5 and the inner top wall of the protective cover 4. Both ends of the first springs 6 are bonded to the inner top wall of the protective cover 4 and the top of the pressure plate 5, respectively. A wedge-shaped block 7 is integrally formed on the top of the pressure plate 5. The side walls of the wedge-shaped block 7 are in contact with the corresponding inner side wall of the protective cover 4. The inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped blocks 7 are close to each other and the distance between them gradually increases upward. A fixing post 8 is bonded to the center of the inner top wall of the protective cover 4. Several pushing components corresponding to the wedge-shaped blocks 7 are provided on the fixing post 8 for applying a pushing force to the wedge-shaped blocks 7 to control the sliding of the pressure plate 5. As attached Figure 3As shown, each pushing component includes a telescopic cylinder 9. One end of the inner cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 9 is welded to the side wall of the fixed column 8. A push block 10 is welded to the outer cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 9 at the end away from the fixed column 8. The push blocks 10 are all designed with rounded corners. A second spring 11 is welded to the inner wall of each telescopic cylinder 9. The other end of each second spring 11 is welded to the side of the corresponding push block 10 near the fixed column 8. The wedge blocks 7 are all located within the movement trajectory of the corresponding push blocks 10. The surfaces of the push blocks 10 and the wedge blocks 7 are coated with polytetrafluoroethylene. The centrifugal force generated by the circular motion of the metal block 2 causes the push block 10 to move outward. During the movement of the push block 10, the telescopic cylinder 9 and the second spring 11 restrict the push block 10 to move along the length direction of the telescopic cylinder 9. The push block 10 moves to contact the wedge block 7 and applies a pushing force to the wedge block 7, causing the wedge block 7 to drive the pressure plate 5 to move downward. The pressure plate 5 applies pressure to the centrifuge tube 13 to ensure that the tube cap of the centrifuge tube 13 is completely closed and that the centrifuge tube 13 is tightly fitted to the wall of the mounting hole 3, so as to improve the heating effect.

[0032] The specific implementation process is as follows: First, the operator presses the cap of the centrifuge tube 13 containing the sample of the reproductive organs of dipteran insects and the treatment liquid to close it, and then places the centrifuge tube 13 into the placement hole 3 on the top of the metal block 2. At this time, the thermally conductive silicone layer on the inner wall of the placement hole 3 fits tightly against the outer wall of the centrifuge tube 13 due to the elastic properties of silicone, avoiding the low heat conduction efficiency and uneven heating caused by air gaps between the metal hole and the centrifuge tube 13. The thermally conductive silicone layer can effectively fill the gaps and enhance the heat conduction efficiency, laying the foundation for uniform heating in the future. Then, the operator installs the protective cover 4 on the metal block 2. At this time, the pressure plate 5 inside the protective cover 4 is above the centrifuge tube 13 under the pulling force of the first spring 6. The pressure plate 5 does not contact the centrifuge tube 13. The protective cover 4 only plays a basic protective role to prevent external dust or impurities from entering the area of ​​the metal block 2. When the metal bath heater 1 is started and the metal block 2 is controlled to start circular motion, the metal block 2 drives the protective cover 4 to move in a circular motion synchronously. The centrifugal force generated by the circular motion of the protective cover 4 drives the push block 10 to move outward along the telescopic cylinder 9, and the second spring 11 is stretched. After the push block 10 moves outward to contact the inclined surface of the wedge block 7, it applies a horizontal pushing force to the inclined surface of the wedge block 7. The horizontal pushing force is converted into a downward vertical pushing force through the inclined surface of the wedge block 7, which pushes the wedge block 7 to drive the pressure plate 5 to slide downward. At this time, the first spring 6 is stretched. The silicone plate 12 at the bottom of the pressure plate 5 contacts the top of the centrifuge tube 13 due to the elasticity and flexibility of silicone, preventing the hard pressure plate 5 from directly contacting the centrifuge tube 13, which would cause the tube cap of the centrifuge tube 13 to deform or break. The silicone plate 12 achieves non-destructive pressing. As the rotational speed of metal block 2 increases (e.g., from 0 to 200 rpm), the centrifugal force increases, and the pushing force of push block 10 on wedge block 7 also increases accordingly. The pressure of pressure plate 5 on centrifuge tube 13 is adaptively enhanced, so that the fixing force of pressure plate 5 on centrifuge tube 13 is dynamically adjusted according to the rotational speed of metal block 2. The higher the rotational speed, the greater the pressure, ensuring that centrifuge tube 13 can still remain stable during high-speed oscillation. After pressure plate 5 applies pressure to centrifuge tube 13, on the one hand, it makes the bottom of centrifuge tube 13 fit more tightly with the mounting hole 3 of metal block 2 through the thermally conductive silicone layer, further reducing the air gap, enhancing the heat conduction efficiency, and making the sample more effectively heated. The pressure plate 5 ensures uniformity and avoids tissue damage caused by localized overheating. Furthermore, it completely presses and closes the cap at the top of the centrifuge tube 13. Even if the operator does not completely close the cap, the pressure of the pressure plate 5 ensures a seal, preventing leakage of the softening liquid during oscillation and avoiding a reduction in the softening effect. Simultaneously, it prevents liquid inside the centrifuge tube 13 from overflowing during oscillation, protecting the metal block 2 and the protective cap 4 from corrosion by acidic or alkaline solutions. In addition, the pressure plate 5's clamping and fixing of the centrifuge tube 13 prevents it from shifting due to vibration or the rotation of the metal block 2, ensuring sample stability and providing a guarantee for subsequent standardized processing. When the metal bath heater 1 stops working and the metal block 2 gradually slows down until it comes to a stop, the centrifugal force gradually decreases. The rebound force of the second spring 11 pulls the push block 10 to move along the telescopic cylinder 9 towards the fixed column 8. The push block 10 disengages from the inclined surface of the wedge block 7. At this time, the tension of the first spring 6 pulls the pressure plate 5 to slide upward, and the silicone plate 12 disengages from the top of the centrifuge tube 13. The operator can easily remove the protective cover 4 and the centrifuge tube 13, realizing adaptive pressing and releasing of the centrifuge tube 13. This ensures the stability and sealing during the processing and facilitates disassembly after operation, improving the practicality and reliability of the overall device.

[0033] Example 2: As attached Figure 1 As shown, a method for treating the genitals of dipteran insects based on a metal bath includes the following steps: S1: Sample preparation: Remove the part including the last abdominal segment from the Diptera insect specimen, dissect it with a specimen needle, invert the insect body during dissection so that the end of the abdomen is visible, and place the dissected sample in centrifuge tube 13. S2: Add treatment solution: Add 0.2 mL of alkaline tissue softening solution to centrifuge tube 13, just enough to submerge the sample; S3: Metal bath heat treatment: The centrifuge tube 13 containing the sample is placed in the metal bath heater 1, which is preheated to the target temperature, for heat treatment; the metal bath heater 1 drives the metal block 2 to make a circular motion to vibrate the centrifuge tube 13, ensuring that the temperature inside the centrifuge tube 13 is uniform. At the same time, the metal block 2 drives the protective cover 4 to make a circular motion synchronously. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the protective cover 4 drives the pressure plate 5 to move downward to apply pressure to the top of the centrifuge tube 13, preventing the softening liquid inside the centrifuge tube 13 from spilling out. S4: Cooling and cleaning: After processing, immediately remove centrifuge tube 13 and allow it to cool naturally or briefly on a cold plate. Then, briefly clean it with distilled water or other buffer solution to neutralize any residual alkali. S5: Slide Preparation: Place a drop of glycerin on a glass slide and immerse the treated sample in it for temporary observation. If necessary, after dehydration and clearing, the sample can be mounted with a mounting medium for further observation.

[0034] The alkaline tissue softening solution in S2 is preferably a saturated potassium hydroxide solution.

[0035] The target temperature in S3 is 80°C to 95°C, preferably 90°C; the processing time is 10 to 15 minutes, preferably 10 to 12 minutes.

[0036] The rotational speed of metal bath heater 1 in S3 is 200 rpm.

[0037] The method for treating the genitalia of dipterans in Example 2 was compared with traditional methods (boiling or cold soaking in sodium hydroxide solution, soaking in lactic acid solution). The specific experiments are as follows: Experimental Objective: To verify the advantages of the proposed "Metal Bath-Based Method for Treating Diptera Genitalia" over traditional sodium hydroxide solution boiling / cold soaking and lactic acid solution soaking methods in terms of treatment efficiency, structural integrity protection, and ease of operation; through actual sample processing, to systematically evaluate the performance of the three methods in terms of time consumption, structural preservation quality, and operational complexity, and to provide a better selection basis for the preparation of entomological specimens.

[0038] Experimental steps: 1. Sample preparation: Select 30 specimens of the same species of Diptera (such as houseflies) and randomly divide them into three groups of 10 each. All samples were taken from the same batch of adult insects of similar size to ensure consistent experimental conditions.

[0039] 2. Method grouping: Group A (method of the present invention): Following the steps described in Example 2, a metal bath heater (set temperature 90°C, rotation speed 200 rpm) was used in conjunction with a saturated potassium hydroxide solution for 10 minutes.

[0040] Group B (NaOH boiling method): The conventional 5% NaOH solution boiling method was used, and the solution was gently boiled on a hot plate for 10 minutes.

[0041] Group C (Lactic Acid Immersion Method): Immersion in 85% lactic acid solution at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0042] 3. Processing flow: All samples were first dissected, and the terminal abdominal segment was placed in a centrifuge tube.

[0043] Group A followed the steps of the invention; Group B neutralized and cleaned the product with dilute acetic acid after boiling; Group C soaked the product and then rinsed it directly with water.

[0044] All samples were placed on glass slides after processing and temporarily mounted with glycerin.

[0045] 4. Observation and Recording: The same dissecting microscope (40×) was used for observation.

[0046] Record the total processing time for each method (from the start of processing to the observable state).

[0047] Three experienced insect taxonomists independently scored the structural integrity (skeletal plates, denticles, bristles, etc.) and transparency / clarity of the samples (1-5 points, with 5 points being the best).

[0048] Record whether any sample is lost, liquid is spilled, or the structure is obviously damaged during the operation.

[0049] Experimental data:

[0050] Experimental conclusion: The metal bath-based method for treating the genitalia of dipterans proposed in this invention is significantly superior to traditional methods in terms of treatment efficiency, structural protection, and operational stability. Specifically: Significantly improved time efficiency: The processing time of the method of this invention is much shorter than that of the NaOH method and the lactic acid method, which greatly improves the efficiency of sample preparation; Better structural integrity: Due to the synergistic effect of temperature, rotation speed and clamping device during the processing, the method of the present invention effectively reduces damage to chitin structure and soft tissue details, resulting in the highest structural integrity score; More stable and reliable operation: The sample loss and damage rate is zero, indicating that the device's adaptive clamping and sealing design effectively prevents liquid splashing and sample displacement, reducing operational risks; Suitable for standardized operations: The method of this invention has clear parameters and simple steps, which is conducive to the establishment of standardized laboratory procedures and reduces the reliance on operator experience; In summary, the method of the present invention is an efficient, stable, and easy-to-operate solution for treating the reproductive organs of dipteran insects, with significant technical advantages and application and promotion value.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for processing the reproductive organs of dipteran insects based on a metal bath, comprising a metal bath heater (1) and a centrifuge tube (13), wherein a metal block (2) is detachably connected to the top of the metal bath heater (1), the top of the metal block (2) has several mounting holes (3), and a protective cover (4) is detachably connected to the metal block (2), characterized in that: A pressure plate (5) is slidably fitted in the middle of the protective cover (4). The pressure plate (5) is parallel to the top wall of the protective cover (4). Several first springs (6) are provided between the pressure plate (5) and the inner top wall of the protective cover (4). Both ends of the first springs (6) are fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the protective cover (4) and the top of the pressure plate (5), respectively. A wedge block (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure plate (5). The side walls of the wedge block (7) are in contact with the corresponding inner side wall of the protective cover (4). The inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks (7) gradually increase in distance on one side as they approach each other. A fixed post (8) is fixedly connected to the center of the inner top wall of the protective cover (4). Several pushing components corresponding to the wedge blocks (7) are provided on the fixed post (8) for applying a pushing force to the wedge blocks (7) to control the sliding of the pressure plate (5).

2. The apparatus for treating the reproductive organs of dipterans based on a metal bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the pushing components includes a telescopic cylinder (9), one end of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed column (8), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a push block (10). The inner wall of the telescopic cylinder (9) is fixedly connected to a second spring (11), and the other end of the second spring (11) is fixedly connected to the side of the corresponding push block (10) near the fixed column (8). The wedge blocks (7) are all located within the movement trajectory of the corresponding push block (10).

3. The device for treating the reproductive organs of dipterans based on a metal bath according to claim 2, characterized in that: All push blocks (10) are set to rounded corners.

4. The apparatus for treating the reproductive organs of dipterans based on a metal bath according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the push block (10) and the wedge block (7) have a polytetrafluoroethylene coating on their surfaces.

5. The apparatus for treating the reproductive organs of dipterans based on a metal bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: A silicone plate (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (5).

6. The apparatus for treating the reproductive organs of dipterans based on a metal bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the mounting hole (3) is provided with a thermally conductive silicone layer.

7. A method for treating the genitalia of dipterans based on a metal bath, operating on the structure of the metal bath-based genitalia treatment device for dipterans according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Sample preparation: Take the part containing the last abdominal segment from the Diptera insect specimen, dissect it with a specimen needle, invert the insect body during dissection so that the end of the abdomen can be seen, and place the dissected sample in a centrifuge tube (13). S2: Add treatment solution: Add 0.2 mL of alkaline tissue softening solution to the centrifuge tube (13), just enough to submerge the sample; S3: Metal bath heat treatment: The centrifuge tube (13) containing the sample is placed in a metal bath heater (1) preheated to the target temperature for heat treatment; the metal bath heater (1) drives the metal block (2) to make a circular motion to oscillate the centrifuge tube (13) to ensure that the temperature inside the centrifuge tube (13) is uniform. At the same time, the metal block (2) drives the protective cover (4) to make a circular motion synchronously. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the protective cover (4) drives the pressure plate (5) to move downward to apply pressure to the top of the centrifuge tube (13) to prevent the softening liquid inside the centrifuge tube (13) from spilling out. S4: Cooling and cleaning: After processing, immediately remove the centrifuge tube (13), allow it to cool naturally or briefly on a cold plate, and briefly clean it with distilled water or other buffer solution to neutralize any residual alkali. S5: Slide preparation: Place a drop of glycerin on a glass slide, then place the treated sample into it for temporary observation.

8. The apparatus for treating the reproductive organs of dipterans based on a metal bath according to claim 7, characterized in that: The alkaline tissue softening solution in S2 is preferably a saturated potassium hydroxide solution.

9. The method for treating the genitals of dipterans based on a metal bath according to claim 7, characterized in that: The target temperature in S3 is 80°C to 95°C, preferably 90°C; the processing time is 10 to 15 minutes, preferably 10 to 12 minutes.

10. The method for treating the genitals of dipteran insects based on a metal bath according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotational speed of the metal bath heater (1) in S3 is 200 rpm.

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