Dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation in apical surgery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation in an apical surgery, which comprises an air bag, the air bag is connected with an air inflation device, a negative pressure suction device and a water leakage sensing device are arranged on the outer side of the air bag, and the air inflation device, the negative pressure suction device and the water leakage sensing device are all electrically connected with a controller. The liquid leakage condition at the perforation position is monitored in real time through the water leakage sensing device, once a leakage signal is detected, the controller immediately instructs the negative pressure suction device to start and suck away liquid and instructs the air inflation device to supplement air at the same time, the size of the air bag is finely adjusted and increased, gaps generated due to tissue changes are compensated, and it is ensured that the air bag is continuously and tightly attached to the edge of the perforation. Oral liquid and infections are fundamentally prevented from entering the maxillary sinus, the clear and dry operation view is kept, hydrostatic pressure generated by liquid accumulation is prevented from damaging the sealing performance of the air bag, and the discomfort of a patient in an operation and the occurrence probability of postoperative maxillary sinusitis are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and more specifically, to a dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Pulp disease and periapical periodontitis are common and frequently occurring diseases in oral clinical practice. Root canal treatment is currently the most effective and commonly used treatment method. For teeth where root canal treatment has failed and cannot be re-treated, or where root canal re-treatment has also failed, periapical surgery has become an effective means of preserving natural teeth. Periapical surgery involves surgically removing the diseased root tip and performing root canal preparation and filling to achieve the purpose of removing infection and preserving the affected tooth.

[0003] The maxillary sinuses are the largest pair of sinuses in the human body, located in the maxilla on both sides of the face. They are air-filled cavities within the skull surrounding the nasal cavity and communicate with the nasal cavity. The roots of the maxillary posterior teeth are adjacent to the floor of the maxillary sinuses, and some roots even protrude into the maxillary sinuses. When performing maxillary posterior tooth root tip surgery, in order to fully expose the diseased root tip, it is often necessary to perform a maxillary sinus floor elevation operation. During this process, there is a risk of perforation of the maxillary sinus floor wall.

[0004] Unlike maxillary sinus lift in oral implant surgery, apical surgery requires steps such as apicoectomy, retrograde preparation, and retrograde filling after maxillary sinus lift. If maxillary sinus perforation occurs during the operation, root apical debris, retrograde preparation debris, infectious material, and retrograde filling material generated during the operation may enter the maxillary sinus cavity through the perforation site, causing complications such as maxillary sinus infection and inflammation. In addition, surgical irrigation fluid and oral fluids can also enter the maxillary sinus through the perforation site, causing symptoms such as choking and discomfort to the patient, which seriously affects the safety of the operation and the patient's experience.

[0005] To prevent maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery, the current clinical practice often involves temporarily packing the perforation site with a hemostatic cotton ball with a traction suture, which is then removed postoperatively. However, this existing technique has the following shortcomings:

[0006] 1. Cotton balls have limited absorbency. When the amount of rinsing fluid is large, some fluid may still seep into the maxillary sinus, and it cannot effectively prevent fluid from entering.

[0007] 2. The traction suture needs to be led out from the surgical wound, which occupies the surgical operating space and affects the clarity of the surgical field and the surgical operation;

[0008] 3. Choosing the right cotton ball size is difficult; if it is too small, it cannot completely cover the perforation area, and if it is too large, it is difficult to insert through the limited bone window.

[0009] 4. There is a risk of the traction suture coming loose, and the cotton ball may slip into the maxillary sinus cavity, causing foreign body residue, which requires a second surgery to remove;

[0010] 5. Cotton balls may shed lint, which may remain in the surgical area and affect postoperative healing. Furthermore, non-degradable materials pose a risk of biocompatibility issues.

[0011] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a maxillary sinus perforation protection system for apical surgery that can dynamically monitor, actively protect, and is safe and reliable, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. The summary section of this invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0013] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery, including an airbag connected to an inflation device, a negative pressure suction device and a leakage sensing device on the outside of the airbag, the inflation device, the negative pressure suction device and the leakage sensing device being electrically connected to a controller, and the controller being fixed to a headband assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, the inflation device includes an air inlet pipe, one end of which is fixed inside the airbag, and the other end of which is in the air. A filter screen is provided at the end of the air inlet pipe, and an inflation device and an inflation control valve are connected in series in the middle of the air inlet pipe. The inflation device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the inflation control valve includes a valve tube, one end of which is connected to the inflation device, and the other end of which is connected to the air inlet pipe. A movable plug is slidably connected inside the valve tube. The conical head at the front end of the movable plug forms a tapered fit with the conical inner wall inside the valve tube. A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the conical head and the conical inner wall. A spring is provided between the rear end of the movable plug and the inner wall of the valve tube.

[0016] Furthermore, a branch pipe is fixed to the upper end of the valve pipe, and the branch pipe is slidably connected to the control rod. Multiple venting channels are provided at the slidable connection between the control rod and the branch pipe. A movable plug II is fixed to the lower end of the control rod. A second conical head is provided at the upper end of the movable plug II to form a tapered fit with the second conical inner wall inside the branch pipe. A sealing ring II is provided at the connection between the second conical head and the second conical inner wall. A pressure cap is fixed to the upper end of the control rod, and a spring II is provided between the branch pipe and the pressure cap.

[0017] Furthermore, the negative pressure suction device includes a negative pressure suction tube, which is fixed in a ring around the outside of the airbag. The negative pressure suction tube has multiple micro-holes. One end of the negative pressure suction tube is connected to a connecting tube. The other end of the connecting tube passes through the connection between the airbag and the negative pressure suction tube into the airbag, exits from the tail of the airbag, and is inserted into the collection box. A negative pressure aspirator is installed in the middle of the connecting tube, and the negative pressure aspirator is electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] Furthermore, the water leakage sensing device includes a water leakage sensor, which is fixed on the outside of the airbag. One end of the water leakage sensor is connected to a transmission line, and the other end of the transmission line passes through the connection between the airbag and the water leakage sensor into the airbag, exits from the tail of the airbag, and is connected to the controller.

[0019] Furthermore, the negative pressure suction device, inflation device, and transmission line are secured by straps.

[0020] Furthermore, the headband assembly includes a headband with a through hole at one end and a Velcro strap at the other end.

[0021] Furthermore, the airbag is an inflatable airbag made of biodegradable material.

[0022] Furthermore, the connections between the airbag and the connecting tube, the airbag and the air intake tube, and the airbag and the transmission line are all reinforced with thickened sealing treatment.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This application uses a water leakage sensing device to monitor liquid leakage at the perforation site in real time. Once a leakage signal is detected, the controller immediately instructs the inflation device to replenish gas, thereby slightly increasing the volume of the air bladder to compensate for the gaps caused by tissue changes and ensure a continuous and tight fit to the perforation edge. This closed-loop feedback mechanism effectively solves the problem of sealing failure caused by improper size selection or displacement of traditional cotton balls, and fundamentally prevents oral liquids and infectious agents from entering the maxillary sinus.

[0025] 2. This application features a ring-shaped negative pressure suction device on the outside of the airbag. When leakage occurs, the negative pressure suction device is activated simultaneously, rapidly drawing out and collecting the leaked irrigation fluid, blood, and surgical debris through micropores. This not only maintains a clear and dry surgical field but also prevents the accumulation of liquid and the resulting hydrostatic pressure from damaging the airbag's seal, greatly reducing patient discomfort during surgery (such as coughing) and the probability of postoperative maxillary sinusitis.

[0026] 3. This application fixes the controller to the headband assembly and wears it on the patient's head, moving the control unit out of the crowded oral operating area and expanding the surgeon's surgical field. At the same time, the negative pressure suction device, inflation device and transmission line are tied and fixed by straps, and the tubing is internally routed and uniformly exits from the tail of the balloon, avoiding the risks of messy, tangled or caught on instruments. This design reduces the risk of balloon displacement caused by tubing traction and makes the surgical operation smoother.

[0027] 4. This application features a dedicated inflation control valve and manual deflation mechanism. During the procedure, a one-way valve mechanism maintains a constant pressure in the airbag to prevent backflow of gas. Postoperatively, the doctor can actively deflate the airbag by pressing the pressure cap, causing it to collapse quickly and reducing friction damage during removal. In addition, the airbag is made of biodegradable material. Even if it breaks accidentally and remains in the maxillary sinus, it can gradually decompose in body fluids, eliminating the risk of secondary surgery required to remove traditional cotton balls or non-biodegradable materials, and significantly improving the patient's biosafety.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a section at point C;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the headband assembly structure of the present invention;

[0036] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0037] 1. Airbag; 2. Negative pressure suction tube; 3. Connecting tube; 4. Negative pressure suction device; 5. Inlet pipe; 6. Inflation device; 7. Valve pipe; 8. Moving plug one; 9. Sealing ring one; 10. Spring one; 11. Branch pipe; 12. Moving plug two; 13. Sealing ring two; 14. Control rod; 15. De-escalator; 16. Spring two; 17. Pressure cap; 18. Leakage sensor; 19. Transmission line; 20. Strap; 21. Controller; 22. Headband; 23. Velcro; 24. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Example 1: As Figures 1-7 As shown, a dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery includes an airbag 1, which is connected to an inflation device. A negative pressure suction device and a leakage sensing device are provided on the outside of the airbag 1. The inflation device, the negative pressure suction device, and the leakage sensing device are all electrically connected to a controller 21, which is fixed to a headband assembly.

[0041] The working principle of the above technical solution: This embodiment constructs the core control logic of the entire dynamic protection system. At the start of the operation, the headband assembly is fixed to the patient's head, the controller 21 is located in front of the patient's forehead, and the airbag 1 is placed in the patient's maxillary sinus perforation site. The controller 21 acts as the central nervous system, receiving signals from the leakage sensing device in real time. Under normal conditions, the inflation device maintains the inflation state of the airbag 1, making it tightly fit the edge of the perforation to form a physical barrier. Once liquid leakage occurs during the operation, the leakage sensing device immediately captures the liquid signal and transmits the electrical signal to the controller 21. After processing, the controller 21 executes two instructions simultaneously: on the one hand, it activates the negative pressure suction device to quickly suck away the leaked liquid and prevent it from entering the depth of the maxillary sinus; on the other hand, it instructs the inflation device to replenish gas, so that the volume of the airbag 1 is slightly increased to compensate for the gap that may be caused by changes in the tissue at the perforation edge, ensuring continuous sealing. At the same time, the display on the controller 21 provides real-time feedback on the working status of each module for the doctor to monitor.

[0042] The technical effects of the above-mentioned technical solution are as follows: It realizes the transformation from passive protection to active dynamic protection. Through a closed-loop feedback mechanism, it ensures that the perforation site remains sealed when the surgical operation causes tissue micro-movement or pressure changes, effectively preventing oral fluid from entering the maxillary sinus and causing infection.

[0043] Example 2: Figures 1-7As shown, the inflation device includes an air inlet pipe 5, one end of which is fixed inside the airbag 1, and the other end of which is in the air. A filter screen is provided at the end of the air inlet pipe 5. An inflation device 6 and an inflation control valve are connected in series in the middle of the air inlet pipe 5. The inflation device 6 is electrically connected to the controller 21.

[0044] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The inflation device 6 acts as a power source and is activated under the command of the controller 21. Outside air first passes through the filter at the end of the air inlet pipe 5. The filter intercepts dust and particles in the air, ensuring that the gas entering the airbag 1 is clean and preventing contamination of the surgical wound or the interior of the maxillary sinus. The purified air is pressurized by the inflation device 6 and delivered into the airbag 1 through the air inlet pipe 5. The inflation control valve connected in series in the middle of the air inlet pipe 5 is in a conducting state during this process, allowing gas to flow in one direction. As gas is injected, the airbag 1 gradually inflates until it fills the perforation area.

[0045] After the inflation device 6 stops working, the inflation control valve closes to ensure that the air in the airbag 1 will not leak easily and to ensure that the airbag 1 fits tightly against the inner wall of the maxillary sinus perforation. The inflation device 6 can be a miniature inflation pump.

[0046] The technical effects of the above solution are: ensuring the safety of the air source and preventing the introduction of foreign objects; at the same time, through stable airflow delivery, ensuring that the airbag 1 can expand quickly and smoothly, laying the foundation for subsequent pressure maintenance.

[0047] Example 3: Figures 1-7 As shown, the inflation control valve includes a valve tube 7, one end of which is connected to the inflation device 6, and the other end of which is connected to the air inlet pipe 5. A movable plug 8 is slidably connected inside the valve tube 7. The conical head at the front end of the movable plug 8 forms a tapered fit with the conical inner wall inside the valve tube 7. A sealing ring 9 is provided at the connection between the conical head and the conical inner wall. A spring 10 is provided between the rear end of the movable plug 8 and the inner wall of the valve tube 7.

[0048] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The valve utilizes the mechanical cooperation of air pressure difference and spring force to achieve unidirectional conduction. When the inflation device 6 is working, the pressure generated by the airflow pushes the movable plug-8 to move backward against the spring force of the spring-10, causing the conical head at the front end of the movable plug-8 to separate from the conical inner wall inside the valve pipe 7. The sealing ring-9 then opens, the airflow channel is opened, and air enters the airbag 1. When the inflation device 6 stops working or the pressure inside the airbag 1 is higher than the pressure in the air inlet pipe 5, the airflow thrust disappears, and the restoring force of the spring-10 pushes the movable plug-8 forward to reset. The conical head fits tightly against the conical inner wall, the sealing ring-9 is compressed and sealed, and the airflow channel is cut off.

[0049] The technical effects of the above-mentioned technical solution are as follows: a reliable one-way check mechanism is formed to prevent the gas in the airbag 1 from flowing back into the air inlet pipe 5 during the inflation interval, ensuring that the airbag 1 maintains a constant support pressure, avoiding protection failure due to pressure fluctuations, ensuring that the airbag 1 fits tightly against the inner wall of the maxillary sinus perforation, and reducing the risk of water entering the maxillary sinus perforation.

[0050] Example 4: Figures 1-7 As shown, a branch pipe 11 is fixed to the upper end of the valve pipe 7. The branch pipe 11 is slidably connected to the control rod 14. Multiple venting channels 15 are provided at the slidable connection between the control rod 14 and the branch pipe 11. A movable plug 12 is fixed to the lower end of the control rod 14. The second conical head provided at the upper end of the movable plug 12 forms a tapered fit with the second conical inner wall inside the branch pipe 11. A sealing ring 13 is provided at the connection between the second conical head and the second conical inner wall. A pressure cap 17 is fixed to the upper end of the control rod 14. A spring 16 is provided between the branch pipe 11 and the pressure cap 17.

[0051] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: This mechanism is used for equipment removal after surgery. When it is necessary to remove the airbag 1, the doctor manually presses down the pressure cap 17. The pressure is transmitted to the control rod 14, which drives the second movable plug 12 to move downward and compress the second spring 16. The downward movement of the second movable plug 12 causes the second conical head at its upper end to separate from the second conical inner wall inside the branch tube 11. The second sealing ring 13 opens. At this time, the high-pressure gas inside the airbag 1 flows back to the branch tube 11 through the air inlet pipe 5 and is discharged to the outside atmosphere through the venting channel 15 at the sliding connection between the control rod 14 and the branch tube 11. After the pressure cap 17 is released, the second spring 16 pushes the component to reset and the valve closes.

[0052] The technical effects of the above solution are: it provides a controllable active deflation method, which allows the airbag 1 to collapse quickly and reduce its volume, thereby reducing friction and damage to the surrounding soft tissues during removal and improving the safety and convenience of the surgical procedure.

[0053] Example 5: Figures 1-7 As shown, the negative pressure suction device includes a negative pressure suction tube 2, which is fixed in a ring around the outside of the airbag 1. The negative pressure suction tube 2 has multiple micro-holes. One end of the negative pressure suction tube 2 is connected to a connecting tube 3. The other end of the connecting tube 3 passes through the airbag 1 from the connection point between the airbag 1 and the negative pressure suction tube 2, passes through the tail of the airbag 1, and is inserted into the collection box. A negative pressure suction device 4 is installed in the middle of the connecting tube 3. The negative pressure suction device 4 is electrically connected to the controller 21.

[0054] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The negative pressure suction tube 2 is distributed in a ring on the outside of the airbag 1, closely attached to the tissue around the perforation. When the water leakage sensor 18 triggers the signal, the controller 21 starts the negative pressure suction device 4. The negative pressure suction device 4 generates a negative pressure environment in the connecting tube 3. Under the action of pressure difference, the liquid at the perforation is sucked into the tube through the micropores on the negative pressure suction tube 2. The liquid then flows along the connecting tube 3 and is finally collected in the collection box outside the body. The micropore design ensures that the suction range covers the periphery of the airbag 1 without leaving any dead corners. The negative pressure suction device 4 can be a micro water suction pump.

[0055] The technical effects of the above solution are: it enables the targeted and immediate removal of leaking liquid, keeps the surgical field clear and dry, and prevents the accumulation of liquid from generating hydrostatic pressure that could damage the sealing effect of the airbag 1, thereby reducing the risk of postoperative inflammation.

[0056] Example 6: Figures 1-7 As shown, the water leakage sensing device includes a water leakage sensor 18, which is fixed on the outside of the airbag 1. One end of the water leakage sensor 18 is connected to the transmission line 19, and the other end of the transmission line 19 passes through the connection between the airbag 1 and the water leakage sensor 18 into the airbag 1, exits from the tail of the airbag 1, and is connected to the controller 21.

[0057] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The leak sensor 18 is fixed on the outer surface of the airbag 1 and is directly exposed to the environment where it may come into contact with liquid. The leak sensor 18 is equipped with a sensitive element. When oral saliva, blood or rinsing fluid comes into contact with the surface of the leak sensor 18, the electrical characteristics of the leak sensor 18 change, generating an electrical signal. This signal is transmitted to the controller 21 in real time through the transmission line 19. After processing, the controller 21 executes two commands simultaneously: On the one hand, the negative pressure suction device 4 is activated. The negative pressure suction device 4 generates a negative pressure environment in the connecting tube 3. Under the action of pressure difference, the liquid at the perforation is sucked into the tube through the micropores on the negative pressure suction tube 2. The liquid then flows along the connecting tube 3 and is finally collected in the collection box outside the body. On the other hand, the inflation device 6 is activated. The outside air is pressurized through the inflation device 6 and delivered to the inside of the airbag 1 through the air inlet tube 5, so that the volume of the airbag 1 is slightly increased to compensate for the gap that may be caused by changes in the tissue at the perforation edge and to ensure continuous sealing.

[0058] The transmission line 19 runs inside the airbag 1 and exits from the tail, avoiding interference from external lines on the fit between the airbag 1 and the tissue.

[0059] The technical effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the water leakage sensor 18, as the sensing nerve of the system, provides a highly sensitive leakage detection capability, ensuring that any tiny liquid infiltration can be detected in time and trigger the protection mechanism, thus realizing early warning of risks.

[0060] Example 7: Figures 1-7As shown, the negative pressure suction device 4, the inflation device 6, and the transmission line 19 are bound and fixed by straps 20;

[0061] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The negative pressure suction device 4, the inflation device 6 and the transmission line 19 are physically bound together using the strap 20. These components usually have independent tubing, which are integrated into a bundle by the strap 20. The strap 20 has an adjustable fastening force to ensure that the bundle does not loosen during the operation.

[0062] The technical effects of the above-mentioned solution are: it effectively organizes the layout of the tubing in the surgical area, preventing the tubing from becoming tangled, knotted, or accidentally caught on surgical instruments. This not only reduces interference with the doctor's operation, but also reduces the risk of the balloon 1 shifting or detaching due to tubing traction, thus improving the smoothness of the surgical operation.

[0063] Example 8: Figures 1-7 As shown, the headband assembly includes a headband 22, one end of which has a through hole 24, and the other end of which has a Velcro 23;

[0064] The working principle of the above technical solution: The headband assembly serves as the carrier of the controller 21. It adapts to the head circumference of different patients through the cooperation of Velcro 23 and through hole 24. The doctor fixes the controller 21 on the headband 22 and wears the headband 22 in a suitable position on the patient's head. The controller 21 is then suspended and fixed outside the oral cavity. The transmission line 19 extends from the headband 22 into the oral cavity.

[0065] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: the control unit is moved out of the crowded oral operating area, expanding the doctor's operating space. At the same time, the headband 22 is fixed securely to prevent the controller 21 from slipping during the operation, and the position of the display makes it convenient for the doctor to check the system status at any time without interrupting the operation, which is in line with ergonomics.

[0066] Example 9: Figures 1-7 As shown, the airbag 1 is an inflatable airbag made of biodegradable material;

[0067] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the outer membrane of the airbag 1 has different thicknesses and the direction of expansion after inflation can be controlled. This design allows it to better cover the perforation plane rather than invade the sinus cavity. At the same time, the airbag 1 is made of biodegradable material and has biocompatibility. If an accidental breakage occurs during the operation and part of the airbag 1 remains in the maxillary sinus, the material will gradually decompose in the body fluid environment.

[0068] The technical effects of the above-mentioned solution are as follows: directional expansion ensures the precision of the occlusion, avoids compression of important internal structures of the maxillary sinus, the biodegradable properties provide additional safety, eliminate the risk of foreign body residue requiring secondary surgery for removal, and greatly improve patient safety.

[0069] Example 10: As Figures 1-7 As shown, the connection points between the airbag 1 and the connecting tube 3, the airbag 1 and the air inlet tube 5, and the airbag 1 and the transmission line 19 are all reinforced with thickened sealing treatment.

[0070] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: For the connection nodes of airbag 1 with connecting tube 3, air inlet tube 5 and transmission line 19, a thickened sealing process is adopted to enhance the structural strength of the connection.

[0071] All tubing first enters the internal cavity of the airbag 1 from the outside of the airbag 1, and then exits from the tail of the airbag 1. This internal wiring method keeps the outer surface of the airbag 1 continuous and smooth, with no exposed joints, avoiding external wiring interference with the fit between the airbag 1 and the tissue, and effectively preventing water from entering the maxillary sinus perforation.

[0072] The technical effects of the above technical solution are as follows: it eliminates the possibility of the connection point becoming a leakage source, ensures the overall airtightness and watertightness of the airbag 1, and ensures the tight fit between the airbag 1 and the tissue at the maxillary sinus perforation site, thus ensuring the overall reliability of the protection system.

[0073] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery, characterized in that, It includes an airbag (1), which is connected to an inflation device. The airbag (1) is equipped with a negative pressure suction device and a water leakage sensing device on its outer side. The inflation device, the negative pressure suction device and the water leakage sensing device are all electrically connected to a controller (21). The controller (21) is fixed on the headband assembly.

2. The dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inflation device includes an air inlet pipe (5), one end of which is fixed inside the air bag (1), and the other end of which is in the air. A filter screen is provided at the end of the air inlet pipe (5). An inflation device (6) and an inflation control valve are connected in series in the middle of the air inlet pipe (5). The inflation device (6) is electrically connected to the controller (21).

3. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inflation control valve includes a valve tube (7), one end of which is connected to the inflation device (6), and the other end of which is connected to the air inlet pipe (5). A movable plug (8) is slidably connected inside the valve tube (7). The conical head at the front end of the movable plug (8) forms a tapered fit with the conical inner wall inside the valve tube (7). A sealing ring (9) is provided at the connection between the conical head and the conical inner wall. A spring (10) is provided between the rear end of the movable plug (8) and the inner wall of the valve tube (7).

4. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that, A branch pipe (11) is fixed at the upper end of the valve pipe (7). The branch pipe (11) is slidably connected to the control rod (14). Multiple venting channels (15) are provided at the slidable connection between the control rod (14) and the branch pipe (11). A movable plug (12) is fixed at the lower end of the control rod (14). The second conical head provided at the upper end of the movable plug (12) forms a tapered fit with the second conical inner wall inside the branch pipe (11). A sealing ring (13) is provided at the connection between the second conical head and the second conical inner wall. A pressure cap (17) is fixed at the upper end of the control rod (14). A spring (16) is provided between the branch pipe (11) and the pressure cap (17).

5. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The negative pressure suction device includes a negative pressure suction tube (2), which is fixed in a ring on the outside of the airbag (1). The negative pressure suction tube (2) has multiple micro-holes. One end of the negative pressure suction tube (2) is connected to the connecting tube (3). The other end of the connecting tube (3) passes through the airbag (1) from the connection between the airbag (1) and the negative pressure suction tube (2), passes out from the tail of the airbag (1), and is inserted into the collection box. A negative pressure suction device (4) is installed in the middle of the connecting tube (3). The negative pressure suction device (4) is electrically connected to the controller (21).

6. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water leakage sensing device includes a water leakage sensor (18), which is fixed on the outside of the airbag (1). The water leakage sensor (18) is connected to one end of the transmission line (19), and the other end of the transmission line (19) passes through the airbag (1) from the connection between the airbag (1) and the water leakage sensor (18), passes out from the tail of the airbag (1), and is connected to the controller (21).

7. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The negative pressure suction device (4), the inflation device (6) and the transmission line (19) are bound together and fixed by straps (20).

8. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The headband assembly includes a headband (22), one end of which has a through hole (24), and the other end of which has a Velcro strap (23).

9. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The airbag (1) is an inflatable airbag made of biodegradable material.

10. A dynamic protection system for maxillary sinus perforation during apical surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The connection points of the airbag (1) with the connecting pipe (3), the connection points of the airbag (1) with the air inlet pipe (5), and the connection points of the airbag (1) with the transmission line (19) are all reinforced with a thickened seal.

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