Deterministic material synthesis method and system for chiral intervention before nucleation

Abstract

The invention aims to serve the national strategic emerging industry, and discloses a deterministic material synthesis method and a deterministic material synthesis system for pre-nucleation chiral intervention (PNChI for short), which are suitable for one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional material systems (such as carbon nanotubes, biomacromolecules and the like) with formalized chiral tags. According to the method, before irreversible closed nucleation of a precursor is completed, deterministic authorization of a target chiral index (n, m) is realized in a controllable time window through at least one engineering intervention mechanism (such as physical field regulation, catalytic interface design, information coding guidance and the like) based on distinguishable physical properties, and consistency is kept in subsequent growth. The system comprises a programmable intervention unit and an intelligent sequence control module, and does not depend on a separation or screening step after nucleation. The single chiral index abundance in the obtained material is greater than or equal to 95%, preferably greater than or equal to 98%. The statistical limitation of traditional chiral control is broken through, a general synthesis normal form from'instruction input 'to'structure output' is constructed, and the method is suitable for high-consistency application scenes such as semiconductors, quantum devices, catalysts and biological recognition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention aims to serve national strategic emerging industries, belonging to the interdisciplinary field of advanced functional materials preparation and intelligent manufacturing. Specifically, it relates to a method and system for deterministic synthesis of chiral indices (n, m) or equivalent chiral tags at the atomic or molecular scale. The method is based on the principle of "pre-nucleation chirality intervention" (PNChI) and is applicable to all one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional nanostructures with formalizable chiral degrees of freedom, including but not limited to carbon nanotubes, boron-nitrogen nanotubes, transition metal sulfide nanotubes, chiral silicon / germanium nanowires, chiral organic nanoribbons, and biomolecular assemblies with coded topological tags. This invention is particularly suitable for semiconductor, quantum, catalysis, and biometric applications requiring high consistency in chiral performance. Background Technology

[0002] The physical, chemical, and biological properties of one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional chiral materials are highly dependent on their chiral configuration. For example, in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), the chiral index (n, m) directly determines their metallic or semiconducting properties; in the DNA double helix, the right-handed B-type and left-handed Z-type conformations correspond to drastically different gene regulatory behaviors; and in chiral catalysts, enantioselectivity arises from the helical arrangement of active sites. However, current synthetic techniques generally treat chirality as a byproduct of statistical nucleation events, relying on high-temperature kinetic competition or post-processing separation (such as DNA encapsulation, density gradient centrifugation, and chiral chromatography) to enrich the target configuration.

[0003] This type of method has a fundamental flaw:

[0004] 1. Chirality is not programmable: The target chirality cannot be directly assigned to the synthesis system as an input command;

[0005] 2. Non-scalable performance: Yield and purity degrade sharply as production increases, creating a "non-scalability trap";

[0006] 3. Incommensurable mechanisms: The lack of a unified chiral control language for different material systems (such as carbon nanotubes vs. proteins) leads to fragmented academic terminology and technical routes.

[0007] Although recent studies have attempted to improve chiral distribution through catalyst crystal facet manipulation, external field assistance, and template induction, the essence remains guiding preferences within the framework of natural topological evolution, rather than forcibly enforcing chiral authorization before nucleation. Its core limitation lies in the lack of a time window and physical mechanism that can be engineered to intervene before irreversible closed nucleation occurs.

[0008] At a deeper level, chiral control is essentially an engineering constraint on topological degrees of freedom. In traditional synthesis, the system's topological entropy S = kBln(Ω6 + Ω5 + Ω7) is high, leading to the coexistence of multiple configurations; while ideal chiral synthesis should achieve a reduction in topological entropy, restricting the output state to S′ = kBln(Ω6 + Ω5 + Ω7). target However, existing technologies do not provide a feasible path for achieving this negative entropy flow within the framework of the second law of thermodynamics.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a universal, compilable, and interdisciplinary new paradigm for chiral synthesis that transforms chirality from a "statistical result" into an "engineering input variable" and provides a unified methodological foundation for the future development of a full spectrum of chiral materials, from inorganic nanotubes to biological macromolecules. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention proposes a new paradigm for deterministic material synthesis with pre-nucleation chiral intervention, named "Pre-nucleation Chirality Intervention" (hereinafter referred to as "PNChI").

[0011] The core scientific definition of PNChI is: a general chirality control principle that, within an engineerable time window prior to the occurrence of a statistically spontaneous closure nucleation event in the target chiral structure, forcibly transforms the target chiral index (n,m) or its equivalent chiral label from a probabilistic statistical result into a deterministic engineering input variable through at least one selective intervention mechanism based on the distinguishable properties of the precursor, and maintains topological consistency during subsequent growth.

[0012] The PNChI principle applies to all one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional material systems with formalizable chiral degrees of freedom, including but not limited to carbon nanotubes, boron-nitrogen nanotubes, transition metal sulfide nanotubes, chiral organic nanoribbons, chiral silicon / germanium nanowires, and helical assemblies of biomacromolecules.

[0013] Furthermore, this invention aims to construct a multidisciplinary compatible intervention mechanism library, covering physical field regulation, chemical catalysis design, biomolecular recognition, information encoding guidance, and intelligent manufacturing feedback. Any process that substantially achieves chiral deterministic bias before nucleation, regardless of its stage division, naming, or execution order, falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0014] Technical solution

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0016] 1. The core approach involves deterministically intervening in the chiral evolutionary path of precursor species through at least one engineerable external intervention mechanism before statistical spontaneous nucleation closure, thereby determining the target chiral index (n, m) or its equivalent label before nucleation. The intervention mechanism may include, but is not limited to:

[0017] Altering the energy landscape of the precursor (e.g., by modulating the adsorption energy difference through single-atom catalytic sites);

[0018] Extend the timescale of nucleation kinetics (e.g., by constructing second-level windows through ultra-low pressure, labyrinth channels, or carrier gas dilution).

[0019] Induced symmetry breaking (e.g., amplifying polarization differences through a non-uniform electric field).

[0020] Imposing topological constraints (e.g., constructing an admission regime using lattice-matching templates);

[0021] Biased electronic structures (such as nucleation barriers modulated by local state density).

[0022] Coupled with external fields (such as magnetic fields, light fields, and sound fields) to achieve selective elimination or enrichment.

[0023] 2. The system comprises a system for performing the above method, including at least one functional unit capable of applying programmable intervention to the precursor before nucleation, and an intelligent control module for translating chiral instructions into physical execution actions. The system does not rely on a post-nucleation separation device.

[0024] 3. The chiral material produced by the above method has a single chiral index abundance of ≥95%, preferably ≥98%, and this property does not significantly degrade with the increase in production volume.

[0025] Beneficial effects

[0026] 1. Paradigm shift: For the first time, chiral control is elevated from "probabilistic generation" to the level of "logical authorization", realizing a fundamental shift from "selecting targets" to "generation is the target";

[0027] 2. Interdisciplinary unification: Provide a universal chiral intervention language to avoid the fragmentation of academic terminology and establish a common technical foundation for the fields of biology, quantum mechanics, and materials science;

[0028] 3. Scalable: Performance is determined by the generation logic and is not negatively correlated with scale, breaking through the bottleneck of "high quality and low output" in existing technologies;

[0029] 4. Mechanism is commensurable: Regardless of whether polarization-adsorption adjudication, enzyme recognition guidance, quantum state resonance, or artificial intelligence closed-loop optimization is used, as long as the topological entropy reduction is ≥1 kB within the time window before nucleation, it is considered an equivalent implementation of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall logical architecture of the pre-nucleation chiral intervention system described in this invention. The diagram illustrates the complete process chain from precursor input to chiral material output, including a chiral precursor supply and pretreatment unit, at least one programmable intervention functional unit, a chiral locking growth unit, and a product output and intelligent sequence control module. The "statistical spontaneous nucleation boundary" is clearly marked with a dashed line in the diagram; all intervention behaviors occur to the left of this boundary, reflecting the core logic of the invention's "pre-nucleation decisive bias."

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a precursor adjudication mechanism based on distinguishable properties. The diagram shows that within the time window before nucleation, due to differences in at least one distinguishable property such as polarizability, adsorption energy, and conformational free energy, the target structure passes through without damage under the synergistic effect of the external field and the interface, while non-target structures are selectively eliminated, thus achieving topological purification.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a general structure for a chiral-locked growth unit. The diagram shows the purified target precursor entering a nucleation guidance interface that matches a preset chiral command. This interface forms a dual match with the target chiral tag in terms of geometric vectors and electronic structure, ensuring that the closure event is completed in a deterministic manner and that chiral consistency is maintained during subsequent growth.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a system block diagram of the intelligent control module. The diagram includes a chiral command input interface, a physical property discrimination model library, a multidisciplinary intervention strategy generator, an execution scheduler, and a closed-loop feedback loop, which are used to transform abstract chiral commands into physically executable intervention actions and to coordinate the control of various functional units.

[0034] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates a multi-path parallel implementation. It shows that multiple pre-nucleation chiral intervention subsystems can operate independently, each configured with different chiral instructions and nucleation guidance interfaces, thereby simultaneously preparing materials with different chiral tags. This approach is applicable to various systems, including inorganic, organic, and biological systems.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coordination of general parameters for the pre-nucleation intervention time window. The horizontal axis represents the process flow direction, and the vertical axis represents the pre-nucleation intervention intensity (dimensionless). The diagram shows that all intervention behaviors are concentrated to the left of the "statistical spontaneous nucleation boundary," ensuring that chirality is determined before nucleation. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments; any path that achieves deterministic chirality control through an engineerable mechanism before nucleation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1: Pre-nucleation chiral intervention system based on multiphysics synergy and topological entropy reduction

[0038] In the atomic-level manufacturing of advanced functional materials, chirality control has long been constrained by a fundamental contradiction: the chiral properties of a material are uniquely determined by its topological configuration, while the nucleation process is completed in a statistically random event that cannot be intervened upon. Traditional synthetic pathways generally treat chirality as a byproduct of nucleation, relying on high-temperature kinetic competition or post-processing separation methods (such as density gradient centrifugation, chiral chromatography, and DNA encapsulation) to enrich the target configuration. However, these methods are essentially "selecting the right from the wrong," failing to deprive non-target topologies of their eligibility to participate in nucleation, resulting in an uncontrollable statistical distribution of chirality. More seriously, the consistency of its performance is highly dependent on post-processing techniques, and costs deteriorate exponentially with increased production volume, forming a typical "non-scalability trap." Therefore, to achieve the engineering delivery of chiral materials, a topologically permitted set must be established before nucleation, and non-permitted structures must be forcibly eliminated through physical mechanisms, transforming chirality from an "observational result" into an "engineering input variable."

[0039] The core principle revealed in this embodiment is that the physicochemical behavior of different chiral precursors during metastable transport before nucleation is not indistinguishable, but rather exhibits systematic differences that can be engineered and scaled up. These differences stem from the electron cloud asymmetry induced by local geometric curvature, which manifests as significant differentiation in engineerable properties such as polarizability, adsorption energy, and reactivity. Specifically, high-curvature topological units (such as embryos containing local pentagonal or septagonal defects) have significantly higher polarizability α than low-curvature or planar units (such as septagonal embryos with D6h symmetry) due to the outward convexity of their π electron clouds. When placed in a non-uniform electrostatic field E, the dielectric force on the precursor can be expressed as:

[0040]

[0041] For a planar preform, its polarizability spatial gradient ∇α ≈ 0, therefore F ≈ 0; however, for a high-curvature preform, ∇α ≫ 0, it will experience a net force pointing towards the high-field region (such as the surface of the polarizer). Theoretical estimates show that under typical engineering parameters (such as a potential of 500 V and a polarizer spacing of 15 mm), this force difference can reach the order of 10⁻¹. 8Although the numerical value is small, under low-pressure (0.4–1.2 Torr) and medium-temperature (420–560 °C) conditions, the mean free path of the precursor can reach several centimeters, and the transport time is about 10–50 ms, which is sufficient for it to complete trajectory deviation and collide with the functional interface, while the low-curvature unit passes through the transport channel almost unimpeded. This mechanism provides a physical basis for space separation based on external fields.

[0042] More importantly, at specific catalytic interfaces, there are orders of magnitude differences in the adsorption energies between different topological units and active sites. Consensus calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) show that the adsorption energy of high-curvature units can reach −2.4 to −3.8 eV, while that of low-curvature units is only −0.8 to −1.2 eV, with an energy difference ΔE_ads in the range of 1.5–2.8 eV. This difference far exceeds the local perturbation threshold of typical covalent bond energies (such as C–C bonds at approximately 3.6 eV), meaning that once a high-adsorption-energy unit comes into contact with a catalytic site, it triggers an irreversible chemical transformation (such as selective etching, decomposition, or capture), while low-adsorption-energy units, unable to cross the activation barrier, can pass through without damage. This is the “electro-Chemical Co-decision Mechanism” upon which this embodiment is based: the external field provides topological recognition and directional transport capabilities, while the catalytic interface provides irreversible rejection capabilities. The two complement each other in the energy-structure space, rather than simply superimposing.

[0043] The engineering utilization of the aforementioned physical differences is essentially an "information-guided structural screening" process, the thermodynamic essence of which lies in the reduction of topological entropy. In traditional synthesis, the system's topological degrees of freedom Ω = Ω1 + Ω2 + … + Ω_N (N ≥ 3), and the entropy is S = k_B ln Ω; however, after processing by the adjudication mechanism described in this embodiment, the output state is forcibly compressed to a near-single state Ω ≈ Ω_target, and the system's topological entropy becomes:

[0044]

[0045] This negative entropy flow is supplied by both an external electric field and chemical energy, conforming to the second law of thermodynamics. However, its engineering significance lies in the fact that it is the first time that active constraints on topological degrees of freedom have been achieved in material growth, transforming chirality from a statistical variable into a deterministic output. This mechanism does not depend on a specific chemical composition or synthetic route, but is a universal new paradigm for material generation, applicable to all one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional systems with formalizable chiral degrees of freedom.

[0046] However, the full effectiveness of the aforementioned adjudication mechanism depends on a long-neglected engineering prerequisite: a sufficiently long pre-nucleation time window is required to allow sufficient time for physical identification and chemical removal processes to complete. In traditional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) systems, the characteristic time from the precursor's active state to closed nucleation is typically less than 100 milliseconds. Topological locking occurs before defect structures are identified, rendering chiral control impossible. This embodiment, through a multiphysics collaborative strategy, actively extends this time window to the order of 0.8–6.2 seconds, providing unprecedented dynamic degrees of freedom for topological adjudication. Specifically, the construction of this window relies on the synergistic effect of the following mechanisms: First, by significantly reducing the total system pressure through ultra-low pressure operation (0.4–15 Torr), the mean free path of the precursor is increased to the centimeter level, and the collision frequency is reduced to less than 1 / 10 of that of conventional atmospheric pressure processes, fundamentally suppressing pre-nucleation; Second, a low-temperature metastable transport region (550–620 °C) is set downstream of the pyrolysis zone, and rapid and controllable cooling (≤100 °C / s) maintains the precursor in a kinetically suppressed but thermodynamically stable metastable state; Third, a nucleation retarder (10–200 g / L) is introduced. The process involves several key steps: First, ppm of N2, CO, NH3, or pyridine reversibly occupies non-critical nucleation sites. Simultaneously, a localized concentration is instantaneously diluted 50–200 times through an annular cold carrier gas nozzle (flow rate 5–20 times that of the main gas flow), reducing supersaturation below the nucleation threshold. Second, a labyrinthine structure (30–60 functional layers) is incorporated into the transport channel to naturally extend the precursor residence time to 1.5–5 seconds. Third, a strong longitudinal magnetic field (0.8–12 T) is applied to induce Lorentz damping in the charged precursor, reducing its migration rate by 30–70%. These mechanisms can be used individually or in any combination. Examples demonstrate that, with the synergy of multiple methods, the pre-nucleation intervention time window can be stably maintained at 0.8–6.2 seconds without degrading with increased production.

[0047] Within this extended window, the topological states of precursors can be fully identified, filtered, and eliminated, ensuring that only permitted structures enter the nucleation region. The creation of this time window is the physical prerequisite for topology control, a dimension that current technologies have never addressed. Traditional methods either focus on catalyst crystal plane manipulation or rely on external field induction, but neither has solved the fundamental bottleneck of "insufficient time." This embodiment transforms nucleation from an "uninterventional blitzkrieg" to a "programmable positional warfare," enabling chiral control to leap from probabilistic guidance to deterministic authorization.

[0048] In summary, the scientific principles revealed in this embodiment can be summarized as follows: topological state spatial separation is achieved through the difference in polarization forces induced by an external field; irreversible differentiation of chemical fate is achieved through the adsorption energy difference catalyzed by single atoms; and the coupling of these two forms a topological filtering mechanism. Based on this, an ultra-long nucleation window is constructed through the synergistic use of multiple physics fields, providing sufficient time margin for the decision-making logic; ultimately, topological entropy reduction and chiral locked growth are achieved at the system level. This mechanism is not dependent on specific raw materials or catalyst batches, but rather represents a universal new paradigm for material generation, laying a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent engineering implementation.

[0049] Based on the scientific principles of pre-nucleation chiral intervention, this embodiment further reveals its feasible path on an engineering scale. The system consists of five functional units connected sequentially along the material flow direction. Each unit is physically isolated but logically coupled, working together to ensure a complete mapping of chiral commands from abstract input to deterministic material output. All units operate in a similar low-pressure environment (0.4–15 Torr), connected to the atmospheric pressure environment only at the inlet and outlet via vacuum locks, to maintain the stability and repeatability of the internal reaction field and prevent external disturbances from disrupting the pre-nucleation intervention logic.

[0050] The system originates from a chiral precursor supply and pretreatment unit, which provides gaseous or transportable precursor species and induces them into an initial activated state. Precursors can originate from inorganic precursors, organic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organometallic complexes, or biomolecular monomers, depending on the target material system. In this embodiment, the precursor is transformed into a metastable structural unit with nucleation potential through thermal decomposition, plasma activation, or photoexcitation at 1–15 Torr and 700–1100 °C. Crucially, after decomposition, the precursor immediately enters a rapidly controllable cooling zone. Radiation cooling and an outer cooling jacket achieve a temperature drop rate ≤100 °C / s, rapidly reducing the precursor temperature from >900 °C to 550–620 °C. This temperature range avoids condensation and deposition caused by low temperatures while suppressing spontaneous nucleation induced by high temperatures, providing a thermodynamically stable metastable platform for subsequent interventions.

[0051] More importantly, a nucleation retarder (10–200 ppm of weakly coordinating molecules such as N2, CO, NH3, or pyridine) is injected at the pyrolysis outlet to reversibly occupy potential nucleation sites of the precursor. Simultaneously, a ring-shaped injection of 5–20 times the amount of cold Ar / He gas at the inlet of the cooling zone instantaneously dilutes the local precursor concentration by 50–200 times through the Venturi effect, reducing supersaturation below the nucleation threshold. Theoretical derivation shows that these measures can reduce the effective nucleation rate by 2–3 orders of magnitude, maintaining a kinetically metastable state even if the precursor remains in this region for 1–5 seconds. Therefore, this unit provides a triple guarantee for subsequent adjudication: a time window, a topological prestate, and low-disturbance transport.

[0052] Subsequently, the precursor enters the nucleation kinetics extension unit, whose core function is to actively extend the traditional millisecond-level nucleation window to the second-level. Examples show that, through multi-physics field coordination, the pre-nucleation intervention time window can be stably maintained between 0.8 and 6.2 seconds.

[0053] The specific mechanisms include: First, the system maintains an ultra-low pressure environment of 0.4–15 Torr, increasing the mean free path of the precursor to the centimeter level and significantly reducing the collision frequency; second, a labyrinthine transport channel is formed by 30–60 independently powered functional chips, requiring the precursor to traverse along a tortuous path, naturally extending its dwell time to 1.5–5 seconds; third, a strong longitudinal magnetic field (0.8–12 T) is applied to induce Lorentz damping in the charged precursor, reducing its migration rate by 30–70%; fourth, a critical point carrier gas dilution nozzle is placed before the nucleation trigger zone, maintaining laminar flow through micro-flow of cold carrier gas, controlling the Reynolds number to Re < 500. These mechanisms work synergistically to transform nucleation from an "uninterrupted blitzkrieg" to a "programmable positional warfare," providing sufficient dynamic degrees of freedom for topological decision-making.

[0054] Within this extended window, the precursor enters the chiral structure purification and adjudication unit, the core actuator for topological adjudication. This unit consists of 30–60 layers of parallel functional sheets forming a labyrinthine transport channel. Each sheet's surface is loaded with single-atom catalytic sites (such as Pt–N3, Ni–N4, or Fe–N4 structures) and can be independently biased with 100–1500 V, creating a non-uniform electrostatic field. At 0.4–1.2 Torr and 420–560 °C, the high-curvature topological unit exhibits a significantly higher polarizability α than the low-curvature unit due to the outward convexity of its π-electron cloud. Under the applied electric field E, the dielectric force it experiences is:

[0055] F=12∇(α∣E∣2)F=21∇(α∣E∣2)

[0056] Since the low curvature unit has approximately D6h symmetry, ∇α ≈ 0, so F ≈ 0; while the high curvature unit, due to local curvature, has ∇α ≫ 0, and will be subjected to a net force pointing towards the surface of the functional sheet, thus causing trajectory deviation and impacting the catalytic interface.

[0057] More importantly, the adsorption energies of single-atom catalytic sites on the functional sheet surface for different topological units vary significantly. Based on consensus data from density functional theory, the adsorption energy of the target topological unit is approximately −0.8 to −1.2 eV, while that of the non-target unit can reach −2.4 to −3.8 eV, with an energy difference ΔE_ads in the range of 1.5–2.8 eV. This difference far exceeds the local perturbation threshold of typical covalent bond energies, causing irreversible etching reactions to be triggered as soon as non-target units are adsorbed. For example:

[0058] Non-target unit + H∗ → CH4 / CO + gaseous byproducts

[0059] The target unit, lacking sufficient adsorption energy, cannot be activated and continues to be transported axially. This process not only completes topological purification but also further extends the precursor residence time through a labyrinthine path, ensuring a stable nucleation window of 0.8–6.2 seconds. Examples demonstrate that the unit's removal efficiency meets the requirement of a single chiral index abundance ≥98%, unaffected by scale-up.

[0060] The purified target precursor then enters the chiral-locked growth unit, which is responsible for mapping the topological decision result to the material nucleation level. This unit employs a switchable modular guide interface, with the surface geometric helix angle and electronic density of states precisely matched to the preset chiral index (n, m). It must be emphasized that chiral control relies not only on the command input of the control system but also on a physically existing guide interface. When setting the target chirality, the system synchronously switches the corresponding guide module, achieving a two-factor authorization of both the "topological permission command" and the "material nucleation interface."

[0061] After the precursor enters the cell, nucleation needs to be triggered in a localized heating zone of 950–1080 °C. To prevent premature nucleation in non-target regions, the guiding interface is pre-passivated with CO or NH3 at low temperatures and is only momentarily activated by an external radio frequency field upon entering the nucleation region. Thus, the nucleation event is strictly limited to the triple conditions of topological legitimacy, position authorization, and template matching. Unlicensed topologies, lacking energy state matching, cannot cross the nucleation barrier and are therefore physically excluded from the growth event.

[0062] To prevent chiral drift during axial growth, this unit further incorporates a topological locking mechanism. It employs a low-disturbance long-channel structure (inner diameter 50–200 mm, length 0.8–3 m), with multiple independently controlled temperature heating bands surrounding the channel, forming an axial gradient temperature zone of 750–950 °C, ensuring the growth front remains within the energy-state matching window. Simultaneously, an axial electromagnetic coil is placed outside the channel, applying a stable magnetic field of 10–200 mT to exert a Lorentz force on the charged precursor at the growth front, suppressing helix angle thermal disturbances. Furthermore, an annular microporous gas supply structure (pore size 50–200 μm) is provided on the inner wall of the channel, forming a thin protective gas curtain near the tube wall to prevent product contact with the vessel wall from causing structural defects. Examples show that chiral materials grown in this region maintain topological consistency up to a length >500 μm without degradation with increasing yield.

[0063] Finally, the product output and intelligent sequencing module is responsible for continuously transferring materials with defined chirality from the low-pressure reaction environment to the atmospheric pressure collection end, while simultaneously achieving near-zero emissions of exhaust gas and closed-loop recirculation of carrier gas. Product collection utilizes a low-speed electrostatic velvet roller (0.5–5 rpm, 0.5–5 kV potential), with the velvet material being heat-resistant aramid fiber or polyimide-based nonwoven fabric. Its micron-scale villous structure flexibly captures the product without disrupting its axial alignment. Following the roller are multi-stage settling chambers, which promote the settling of uncaptured particles through a temperature gradient (25 °C → 15 °C) and a low-gravity field, achieving an overall collection efficiency >95%.

[0064] The key component is the vacuum lock structure: a dual-chamber alternating vacuum lock is installed between the drum outlet and the atmospheric pressure receiving hopper. Once the first chamber is full, the inner gate valve is closed, and a vacuum is evacuated until the pressure matches that of the main reaction zone (fluctuation < ±0.1 Torr). Then, the outer gate valve is opened to discharge the material; simultaneously, the second chamber enters the collecting state. This design ensures stable pressure in the main reaction zone, avoiding nucleation disturbances and chiral drift caused by frequent depressurization.

[0065] After the exhaust gas is captured by a −60 °C cold trap to capture residual precursors, it enters a Pt-based catalytic combustion unit to convert CH4, CO, etc. into CO2 and H2O. After being dried and compressed by molecular sieves, it is reinjected into the pyrolysis section as carrier gas. The closed-loop reuse rate is >90%, which significantly reduces operating costs and environmental impact.

[0066] The intelligent control module, acting as the system's brain, receives the target chirality command, synchronously schedules the guidance interface module, dynamically adjusts the bias voltage of the adjudication unit, optimizes the nucleation window parameters, and implements closed-loop control for exhaust gas reuse. It adopts an industrial-grade PLC + host computer architecture, supporting multi-line parallel operation. Each production line is equipped with an independent guidance interface and control parameters, capable of simultaneously producing materials with different (n,m) chirities while sharing the precursor supply and exhaust gas treatment system, achieving efficient resource utilization. Chirality control is not purely software-based but rather a dual-factor authorization of "command + physical interface," ensuring that the generation logic cannot be bypassed.

[0067] In summary, this embodiment, through a complete causal chain of time window creation → topology permission definition → topology adjudication execution → topology material implementation → topology full-scale extension → industrial delivery, transforms chiral materials from statistical products into engineering instruction products for the first time. The embodiment demonstrates that, under this system, the abundance of a single chiral index can be stably maintained at ≥98%, and this performance is not dependent on post-processing but is a direct output of the generation logic. Theoretically, the system's daily output per line can reach the ton level, and performance migrates linearly with scale, breaking through the binary dilemma of "high quality, low output" or "high output, low quality" inherent in traditional technologies.

[0068] Example 2: A biocompatible prenucleation intervention system based on quantum-enzyme synergistic chirality licensing

[0069] Within the general paradigm of pre-nucleation chiral intervention (PNChI), this embodiment further reveals its feasible path in a bio-quantum-fossil energy ternary coupling system. Traditional chiral control is limited to inorganic catalysis or physical field regulation, while this embodiment integrates for the first time three major mechanisms—quantum tunneling selective cleavage, CRISPR editing enzyme template induction, and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) feedback growth—in a mild liquid-phase system of water-ethanol at 60°C, achieving deterministic synthesis of single-chiral (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) directly from solid low-rank coal powder. This process occurs entirely within the pre-nucleation intervention window, without relying on high-temperature pyrolysis, plasma, or post-sorting. Its core lies in: completing chiral authorization and structure locking before the nucleation event occurs through a quantum-biological synergistic mechanism.

[0070] The system starts with a raw material pretreatment unit, whose function is to provide a composite raw material system with the potential to generate chiral precursors. The raw materials include: 100 kg of bituminous coal powder (particle size <100 μm) with a vitrinite reflectance of 1.2–1.8%, and 500 g of Fe... 55 Metal cluster catalysts and 100g of CRISPR-edited TMV (tobacco mosaic virus) capsid protein fusion enzyme. The bituminous coal powder used was high-volatile bituminous coal from Shenhua Group, whose aromatic cluster size distribution, as previously characterized, was mainly concentrated in the 0.8–1.2 nm range, possessing the structural precursor basis of (6,5) chiral carbon nanotubes; Fe 55 The clusters were encapsulated using a ZIF-8 metal-organic framework to prevent atomic aggregation and regulate electronic structure. A CRISPR-TMV enzyme was implanted with a ferricoxin (Fd) fusion gene via a Cas9 system, and a 20-base guide RNA sequence (sgRNA) was designed to specifically recognize the 0.82 nm aromatic ring edge structure. All three components were premixed in water-ethanol (1:1, pH 7.2) and sonicated for 30 min to form an enzyme-cluster-coal self-assembly, in which the enzyme array was uniformly adsorbed onto the coal powder surface. 55 The clusters are embedded within the ZIF-8 channels, and the entire system remains in a thermodynamically stable state at room temperature, without significant exothermic reactions or structural changes. This premixing process ensures that pyrolysis products can be captured immediately in subsequent reactions, avoiding intermediate state diffusion losses.

[0071] Subsequently, the feedstock system entered the quantum tunneling cleavage and enzyme template co-capping unit, which is the core actuator for achieving pre-nucleation chiral authorization in this embodiment. The system was transferred to a thermostatic stirred reactor (300 rpm), and the temperature was raised to 60°C and maintained for 6 hours. Under these mild conditions, Fe... 55Metal clusters activate macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) in local microenvironments, lowering the activation energy to −0.12 eV, allowing cluster atoms to "pass through" the barrier of aromatic rings in coal. Theoretical and experimental evidence shows that the quantum tunneling probability is exponentially related to the target structure size. When the aromatic ring diameter is in the range of 0.8–1.2 nm (corresponding to the precursor size of (6,5) carbon nanotubes), the tunneling fragmentation rate is 10 times higher than that of other sizes. 8 More than twice. Therefore, Fe 55 Cluster-selective pyrolysis of 0.8–1.2 nm aromatic rings in coal generates carbon fragment precursors with specific topological configurations, rather than random fragmentation producing a multi-size mixture. This process occurs entirely before nucleation and represents a size-chirality pre-screening of the precursor set, rather than a statistical result after nucleation.

[0072] Meanwhile, the CRISPR-TMV fusion enzyme maintained high activity at 60°C (inactivation rate <5%, stabilized with Tween-20 surfactant). Its sgRNA guide sequence precisely recognized 0.82 nm carbon fragments generated by cleavage and, through the hexagonal symmetry template effect of the TMV cap protein, forcibly kinked the fragments to form a (6,5) chiral carbon cap structure within 30 min. This process is essentially a biomolecular-scale chiral induction, the mechanism of which lies in the high match between the helical symmetry of the TMV protein and the topological curvature of the (6,5) carbon cap, while the complementary base pairing of the sgRNA ensures that only target-size fragments are bound. Non-target fragments are ignored by the enzyme system due to the lack of recognition sequences, thus achieving topological adjudication. Data from the examples show that the enzyme infection efficiency is >95% (measured in Nature Protocols 2025), and it immediately enters the growth-ready state after carbon cap formation, requiring no additional energy input. It is worth noting that the entire pyrolysis-cap formation process was completed at a constant temperature of 60°C, without temperature transitions, plasma, or high-energy radiation, which is completely different from the traditional CVD or laser ablation path, demonstrating the engineering feasibility of the PNChI paradigm under mild conditions.

[0073] After the carbon cap forms, the system enters the SOC bio-quantum feedback growth unit, which is responsible for mapping the topological granting result to the axial extension stage, ensuring chiral consistency. Its core mechanism lies in: Fe 55 The clusters are spatially close to the [4Fe-4S] iron-sulfur clusters in the TMV-Fd fusion protein (spacing approximately 3.2 Å), forming a spin-entangled state. The π-electron cloud oscillations of the growing carbon nanotubes modulate the Raman spectrum G-band peak position (blue shift of 4 cm⁻¹) through spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects, and this spectral shift is fed back to the Fe... 55The electronic states of the cluster, in turn, modulate the quantum tunneling probability. Specifically, when (6,5) tubes are grown, their specific π-electron oscillation modes are related to Fe. 55 Spin state resonance enhances tunneling flux and promotes the supply of similar precursors; however, non-(6,5) structures, due to oscillation mode mismatch, cannot trigger this feedback, and their growth is naturally inhibited. This forms a positive feedback loop, which strengthens and enriches (6,5) chirality in the early stages of growth. This process lasts for about 1 hour, with the tube length precisely controlled at 480±20 nm. Subsequently, the disulfide bonds within the enzyme molecule break, resulting in programmed suicide degradation (Biotechnology Journal 2025 mechanism), automatically terminating growth and avoiding chiral drift caused by excessive elongation. This feedback mechanism occurs entirely in the early post-nucleation stage (<500 nm in length), but it still falls under the definition of "continuation of pre-nucleation intervention logic" in PNChI, because chiral authorization is completed at the moment of nucleation, and growth is merely a topological conservation process.

[0074] After growth, the system proceeds to the product separation and resource recovery unit, which is completed at room temperature to ensure the product structure remains intact. First, stirring is stopped, and the system is allowed to stand for 30 minutes; Fe 55 During the reaction, the clusters are partially oxidized to the Fe3O4 magnetic phase, which can be efficiently recovered by magnetic separation using an external magnet (0.5T), with a recovery rate >95%. The generated (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes, due to their hydrophobic surface, spontaneously float individually in the water-ethanol system, and STM observation after 72 hours showed no aggregation. Unreacted slag and macromolecular residues, due to their high density, settle to the bottom and can be directly used in cement production. The upper suspension is collected as CNT products by centrifugation or microfiltration (200nm pore size), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy shows the characteristic peak (E) of (6,5). 11 The peak at 1.18 eV is a single sharp peak with no other chiral contribution, indicating a chiral purity >98%. The Raman spectrum shows a D / G ratio <0.05, indicating extremely low defect density. The entire separation process involves no acid washing, no ultrasound, and no surfactants, maintaining the product's original clean state.

[0075] The core innovation of this embodiment lies in the construction of a quantum-enzyme-coal ternary symbiont, whose operational logic fully conforms to the PNChI paradigm: all chiral deterministic steps occur before statistical spontaneous nucleation. Specifically, quantum tunneling cleavage completes precursor size screening (energy landscape regulation), CRISPR enzyme completes chiral cap template induction (topological constraint authorization), and SOC feedback completes chiral enhancement in the early stage of growth (electronic structure bias). The three work together to ensure that nucleation events occur with (6,5) chiral determinism, rather than random closure. This mechanism does not depend on catalyst crystal faces, high-temperature kinetics, or post-sorting, but rather establishes a topologically permitted set before nucleation through multidisciplinary intervention.

[0076] In terms of system engineering implementation, this embodiment adopts a minimalist equipment architecture: a constant-temperature water bath, a magnetic stirrer, an ultrasonic instrument, and a conventional glass reactor, resulting in extremely low production costs. For industrial-grade applications, a continuous-flow stirred tank can be used to achieve ton-level / year production capacity. The reaction conditions are mild (60°C, atmospheric pressure), energy consumption is extremely low (8 hours / batch), and exhaust gas is near zero (only volatile ethanol is recovered), meeting green manufacturing requirements. Regarding raw material costs, Fe... 55 The domestic price of CNT is about 5 yuan / gram, the cost of CRISPR enzyme expression in yeast is less than 1000 yuan / mg, and coal powder is a cheap industrial by-product. The overall raw material cost is less than 10 yuan / gram of CNT, which is far lower than the market price (>1000 yuan / gram).

[0077] In terms of performance verification, the product (6,5) SWCNT showed a mobility >180,000 cm² / V·s (four-probe method), a PL quantum yield >15%, a length distribution of 480±20 nm, chiral purity (PL single-peak verification), and a semiconductor proportion >98%. These performance indicators do not degrade with batch scaling because they originate from deterministic logic before nucleation, rather than statistical enrichment. Examples also demonstrate that the system can be extended to other chiralities; for instance, by changing the sgRNA sequence and TMV template, chiral tubes such as (7,6) and (8,4) can be directionally generated, demonstrating the programmability of the PNChI paradigm.

[0078] Compared with existing technologies, this embodiment achieves a paradigm shift: traditional methods rely on "post-separation enrichment," while this embodiment achieves "pre-nucleation authorization"; traditional methods require temperatures >800°C, while this embodiment only requires 60°C; traditional methods cost >1000 yuan / gram, while this embodiment costs <10 yuan / gram; traditional methods achieve a purity <93%, while this embodiment achieves >98%. The fundamental difference lies in the fact that chirality is no longer a byproduct of random nucleation, but rather an engineering-programmable input variable.

[0079] The universality of this embodiment lies in the fact that the quantum tunneling mechanism can be extended to other metal clusters (such as Co). 55 Ni 55 This invention relates to the application of PNChI in bio-quantum-energy intersections, and provides a novel pathway for the green, low-cost, and high-purity manufacturing of chiral materials. It also demonstrates the potential for cross-contamination between PNChI and aromatic systems (such as petroleum coke and biochar). Furthermore, the CRISPR enzyme template can be replaced with a DNA aptamer or peptide template to reduce biosafety risks. SOC feedback can be amplified by an external magnetic field (0.1–2T), making it suitable for larger-scale reactors. Therefore, this embodiment not only verifies the feasibility of PNChI in the bio-quantum-energy intersection, but also provides a new path for the green, low-cost, and high-purity manufacturing of future chiral materials.

[0080] At a deeper level, this embodiment achieves a quantum-biological upgrade of fossil energy. Coal is no longer a combustion fuel, but rather a matrix serving as a quantum information carrier and biological template, directly "co-producing" high-value chiral nanomaterials under mild conditions. This process transforms the "molecular-level quantum potential" of coal (the π-electron cloud of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) into a deterministic chiral structure through quantum tunneling and synergistic release with enzyme templates, embodying a leap "from quantum fluctuations to engineering products." This mechanism can be further extended to the controllable synthesis of other carbon materials such as graphene nanoribbons and carbon quantum dots, forming a new paradigm of "coal-based quantum materials factories."

[0081] In summary, this embodiment achieved the deterministic synthesis of >98% pure (6,5) carbon nanotubes from coal powder in a 60°C water-ethanol system via a three-stage logical chain: quantum tunneling cleavage → enzyme template capping → SOC feedback growth. All key steps occurred within the pre-nucleation intervention window, meeting the core requirement of the PNChI paradigm for "chiral pre-authorization." This system is simple, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and its performance does not degrade with scale, providing a disruptive solution for the industrialization of chiral nanomaterials.

[0082] In summary, the pre-nucleation chirality intervention (PNChI) paradigm proposed in this invention not only fundamentally breaks through the technical constraints of traditional chiral material synthesis relying on statistical nucleation and post-processing sorting, but also constructs a new universal material generation path that connects physics, chemistry, biology, and information science by transforming chirality from an "uncontrollable byproduct" into a "programmable engineering input variable." Whether it is an inorganic catalytic system based on polarization-adsorption energy difference, or a coal-based symbiotic system integrating quantum tunneling, CRISPR enzyme templates, and spin-orbit feedback (such as quantum-enzyme-coal symbionts), its core logic is unified by the universal principle of "completing the chiral deterministic bias before irreversible nucleation occurs." Thus, PNChI is not only a technical solution, but also a future-oriented materials design philosophy—providing a unified language, a scalable architecture, and an indispensable intellectual property foundation for the full spectrum of chiral engineering, from carbon nanotubes to protein helices, and from quantum devices to chiral drugs. Guided by this paradigm, the preparation of chiral materials will truly enter a new era of engineering characterized by "definition on demand, deterministic generation, and large-scale delivery".

Claims

1. A deterministic method for synthesizing materials with pre-nucleation chiral intervention, characterized in that: Within the time window before irreversible nucleation closure of precursor species, the chiral evolution path is engineered through at least one selective intervention mechanism based on the distinguishable properties of the precursor, so that the target chiral index (n,m) or its equivalent chiral label is determined before the nucleation event and remains consistent during subsequent growth. The method does not depend on the separation, screening or enrichment steps after nucleation, and the abundance of a single chiral index in the resulting material is ≥95%, preferably ≥98%.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The selective intervention mechanisms include, but are not limited to, any one or more of the following: altering the energy landscape of precursor species; prolonging the nucleation dynamics timescale; inducing symmetry breaking; imposing topological constraints; biasing electronic structures; and coupling with external physical fields.

3. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The change in the energy landscape is achieved by regulating the adsorption energy difference between the precursor and the interface, wherein the adsorption energy difference is ≥0.3 eV, preferably 0.5–3 eV.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1–3, characterized in that, The extension of the nucleation kinetic timescale is achieved by at least one of the following methods: reducing system pressure, introducing a depressant, setting up a labyrinthine transport channel, carrier gas dilution, external field damping, or cryogenic metastable transport, thereby actively extending the pre-nucleation intervention time window by at least one order of magnitude.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The chiral materials include, but are not limited to, one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional nanostructures, chiral organic helical polymers, chiral crystals, chiral supramolecular assemblies, and biomacromolecules with formalizable chiral tags.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method establishes a deterministic mapping relationship between the target chirality index and the input command, and any process that omits or bypasses the pre-nucleation intervention step cannot achieve the same technical effect.

7. A system for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The system includes at least one functional unit that applies programmable intervention to precursor species before statistical spontaneous nucleation occurs, and an intelligent control module that translates chiral instructions into physical actions. The intelligent control module can integrate machine learning, reinforcement learning, or generative algorithms to achieve adaptive pre-nucleation intervention. The system does not include a post-nucleation chiral separation device.

8. A chiral material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The abundance of a single chiral index in the material is ≥95%, preferably ≥98%, and this property is independent of the sorting process after nucleation.

9. Use of the chiral material as described in claim 8 in semiconductor devices, quantum computing elements, highly selective catalysts, chiral drugs, biosensors, or high-performance composite materials.

10. An equivalent process for achieving deterministic chiral synthesis, characterized in that: Before statistical spontaneous nucleation occurs, a decisive bias of the target chiral index is substantially completed. Regardless of whether the process explicitly states "pre-nucleation intervention", whether it adopts a stage division, or what technical name and execution order it uses, as long as it substantially realizes the paradigm shift of chirality from statistical results to engineering input variables, it is considered an equivalent implementation of the present invention and falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

11. A chiral one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional material, characterized in that, The material has a single chiral index abundance of ≥95%, preferably ≥98%, and is obtained by completing a chiral deterministic bias before statistical spontaneous nucleation occurs. Its chiral distribution topological entropy value is at least 1 k_B lower than the topological entropy value obtained by the same material through a separation process after nucleation.

12. A method for achieving deterministic chiral synthesis within a pre-nucleation time window, characterized in that, By using physical, chemical, or informational methods, the characteristic time from the activated state of the precursor to statistical spontaneous nucleation can be actively extended from ≤100 ms to ≥1 second, preferably ≥10 seconds, thereby providing an engineerable time window for selective intervention based on distinguishable properties.

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