Distributed turnout monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a turnout monitoring system and method, and the system comprises a plurality of sensing nodes which are installed at different monitoring positions of a turnout and are used for collecting turnout state data and storing data with timestamps; the multiple sensing nodes comprise a main node and at least one auxiliary node, the main node comprises a time service unit and a synchronization unit, standard time is obtained through the time service unit, time synchronization is carried out through the synchronization unit and the at least one auxiliary node, and data collected by all the sensing nodes have aligned timestamps; and the analysis host is in communication connection with the sensing nodes, receives and stores the data acquired by the sensing nodes, carries out fusion processing on the data from different sensing nodes based on the aligned timestamps, and analyzes the overall state of the turnout. Compared with the prior art, by means of distributed deployment and precise time synchronization of the main and auxiliary nodes and in combination with multi-node data fusion analysis, turnout system-level state diagnosis is achieved, and the field deployment workload and the equipment cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turnout monitoring technology, and in particular to a distributed turnout monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical railway infrastructure, turnouts are used to guide trains to different track lines and switch train routes. Currently, turnout management departments have implemented monitoring of parameters such as switch machine switching current, switching power, and turnout indication gaps, which effectively guides daily turnout maintenance and reduces the on-site work time for maintenance personnel. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of turnout operating status, further monitoring of more turnout status parameters is needed, including contact, opening, vibration, frame, switching force, locking force, locking amount, and creep.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115257854A, which discloses a distributed turnout contact detection system and method. This scheme involves installing multiple detection nodes at each traction point of the turnout. Each node is equipped with a displacement sensor and an acceleration sensor. The nodes periodically collect data and determine turnout passing or switching events. After an event is triggered, high-frequency continuous collection of displacement and acceleration values ​​is achieved, and the data is uploaded to a server via a gateway. The server obtains the contact and opening information of each traction point based on the node data. However, this scheme primarily focuses on detecting dynamic changes in contact amount. Its node clock synchronization relies on a single clock synchronization frame broadcast by the gateway, failing to achieve an autonomous and precise time synchronization mechanism between nodes. Furthermore, its data analysis mainly focuses on statistically analyzing the contact and opening amounts of individual nodes, lacking fusion and correlation analysis of data from multiple traction point sensing nodes. This makes it unable to effectively determine anomalies such as switching synchronicity and force crosstalk between turnout traction points.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN112550369A discloses an online turnout status monitoring system that can monitor parameters such as turnout contact amount, opening amount, creep amount and frame. However, the equipment is large in size, has high power, requires external cable power supply, has a large workload for trackside installation, and can only be used for monitoring a single turnout.

[0005] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN117125112A discloses a wireless sensor acquisition device and acquisition method for turnout detection. The device has reduced size and power consumption, is powered by batteries, and uses solar panels as supplementary energy. The devices transmit data wirelessly, which reduces the installation workload. It can be repeatedly used to measure multiple sets of turnouts, but the sensors and acquisition devices are still connected by cables.

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem that needs to be solved is how to ensure the low-power long-term operation of turnout monitoring nodes, achieve flexible distributed deployment of monitoring nodes, and ensure the time consistency of data collected by each node so as to conduct comprehensive analysis of the turnout status. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a distributed turnout monitoring system and method.

[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a distributed turnout monitoring system is provided, comprising: Multiple sensing nodes are installed at different monitoring positions of the turnout to collect turnout status data and store data with timestamps. The plurality of sensing nodes includes a master node and at least one slave node. The master node includes a time synchronization unit and a synchronization unit. The master node obtains the standard time through the time synchronization unit and synchronizes the time with the at least one slave node through the synchronization unit, so that the data collected by all sensing nodes have aligned timestamps. The analysis host is communicatively connected to the multiple sensing nodes, and is used to receive and store the data collected by the multiple sensing nodes. It performs fusion processing on the data from different sensing nodes based on the aligned timestamps to analyze the overall status of the turnout.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, both the master node and the slave node include a control unit, a storage unit, a data acquisition unit and sensors, a communication unit, a power management unit, and a built-in battery. The master node also includes a time synchronization unit.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the synchronization unit of the master node is used to synchronize time with the synchronization unit of the slave node via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The master node is used to allocate independent connection event time slots to each slave node, and each slave node is used to align the time slot anchor point allocated by the master node to achieve clock synchronization based on the master node.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the analysis host includes: The data receiving module is used to receive turnout status data uploaded by the multiple sensing nodes; The calibration module uses pre-recorded reference data to convert the raw sensor data uploaded by the sensing nodes into standard physical quantity data. The fusion analysis module performs correlation analysis on turnout status data from different sensing nodes based on aligned timestamps, and generates turnout status diagnosis results. The correlation analysis includes comparing the switching force curve, locking force curve, or displacement curve of sensing nodes at different monitoring locations during the turnout switching process to determine whether there is an abnormal turnout status.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the sensing node further includes a sensor interface, which is disposed on the housing of the sensing node and has a uniform physical specification for detachably connecting to an external sensor, and the sensing node and the external sensor are connected without cables. The external sensors include displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, laser sensors, and stress sensors, used to monitor turnout status data including turnout contact, open stroke, vibration, creep, switching force, locking force, or locking amount.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the system also includes a retrieval terminal, which is communicatively connected to the analysis host and is used to provide a management interface to users to configure the working parameters of the sensing nodes, query and display turnout status data and analysis results.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a monitoring method based on the turnout monitoring system is provided, comprising: According to the monitoring requirements, multiple sensing nodes are installed at different monitoring locations of the turnout. The multiple sensing nodes include a main node and at least one secondary node, and each sensing node is configured with a corresponding sensor. The master node periodically obtains the standard time from the time synchronization unit and synchronizes the time with all slave nodes through the synchronization unit; The sensing node collects sensor data in a high-frequency acquisition mode when the switch is changing or a train passes through the switch, and collects static sensor data at a set period during static periods. All collected data is stored with a timestamp. After the monitoring is completed, the data collected by all sensing nodes is transmitted to the analysis host. The analysis host receives and saves data from all sensing nodes, performs fusion processing on data from different sensing nodes based on aligned timestamps, and analyzes the overall state of the turnout. The access terminal connects to the analysis host to access turnout monitoring data and status information.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the time synchronization specifically includes: The master node allocates independent connection event time slots to each slave node through the BLE communication protocol; Each secondary node aligns with the time slot anchor point assigned by the master node to achieve precise synchronization of all sensing nodes based on the master node's clock.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the fusion process specifically includes: Using pre-recorded baseline data, the raw sensor data uploaded by the sensing nodes is converted into standard physical quantity data; Based on the aligned timestamps, correlation analysis is performed on turnout status data from different sensing nodes to generate turnout status diagnosis results. The correlation analysis includes comparing the switching force curve, locking force curve, or displacement curve of sensing nodes at different monitoring locations during the turnout switching process to determine whether there is an abnormal turnout status.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the reference data specifically includes: After installing the sensing nodes, record the contact value, open stroke value, and all sensor data at each monitoring position when the turnout is in the correct or reverse position, which will be used to calibrate the data collected subsequently.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention sets up multiple sensing nodes, including a main node and sub-nodes, distributed and installed at different monitoring positions of the turnout. The main node uses a time synchronization unit to obtain the standard time and synchronizes the time with all sub-nodes through a synchronization unit, so that the data collected by each node has an aligned timestamp. Then, the analysis host performs fusion processing on the multi-node data based on the aligned timestamp, realizing a comprehensive analysis of the overall status of the turnout.

[0019] 2. This invention adopts a master-slave node architecture, with only the master node configured with a timing unit, and the slave nodes synchronize time with the master node wirelessly. This eliminates the need for each node to be independently configured with a GPS / BeiDou module, thus reducing equipment cost and power consumption.

[0020] 3. The sensing node of this invention adopts an integrated wireless structure design. Through a unified sensor interface, it can be detachably connected to different types of external sensors. On-site installation does not require wiring, reducing deployment workload. It supports rapid installation and removal and is suitable for continuous monitoring of a single set of turnouts and mobile inspection of multiple sets of turnouts.

[0021] 4. The analysis host of this invention uses pre-recorded benchmark data to calibrate the original sensor data, and performs correlation analysis on multi-node data at different monitoring locations based on aligned timestamps. This can effectively determine system-level state anomalies between various traction points of the turnout, providing decision support for intelligent operation and maintenance of the turnout.

[0022] 5. The sensing node of this invention supports dual modes of event-triggered high-frequency acquisition and timed static acquisition. When there is no acquisition task, it automatically enters deep sleep mode, effectively reducing power consumption. The built-in battery can support long-term operation, meeting the monitoring needs of railway maintenance windows. It also supports two data upload methods: batch import and real-time wireless transmission, adapting to different application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the distributed turnout monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the field deployment of the sensing nodes of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main sensing node composition of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-sensing nodes of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the distributed turnout monitoring method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a distributed turnout monitoring system. The system includes: multiple sensing nodes, an analysis host, and a access terminal.

[0026] Sensing Nodes: like Figure 2 As shown, multiple sensing nodes are distributed and installed at different monitoring locations on the turnout, such as the bottom of the rails, the switch machine mounting tray, and the turnout sleepers. Each sensing node is equipped with a sensor to collect turnout status data.

[0027] The plurality of sensing nodes includes a master node and at least one slave node.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the main node includes: a control unit, a storage unit, a data acquisition unit and sensors, a communication unit, a timing unit, a synchronization unit, a power management unit, and a built-in battery.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the secondary node includes: a control unit, a storage unit, a data acquisition unit and sensors, a communication unit, a synchronization unit, a power management unit, and a built-in battery. The secondary node does not include a timing unit.

[0030] In this embodiment, the control unit uses an STM32F207 series microprocessor chip, which is responsible for executing the monitoring program, interacting with other units, and controlling the operation of each unit.

[0031] The storage unit uses an Atmel AT45DB161E NAND Flash chip to store the collected turnout status data, operating parameters, and operation logs.

[0032] The acquisition unit includes an analog-to-digital converter chip and a sensor interface. The analog-to-digital converter chip is a TI ADS1256 series 24-bit high-precision, low-noise chip. The sensor interface is located on the housing of the sensing node and has a standardized physical specification for detachable connection of different types of external sensors. These external sensors include displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, laser sensors, and stress sensors, used to monitor turnout status parameters such as turnout contact, open travel, vibration, creep, switching force, locking force, and locking amount. The sensing node connects directly to the external sensors through this interface, eliminating the need for external cables.

[0033] The communication unit employs a BLE low-power Bluetooth module and uses a multi-layer ceramic antenna for wireless communication, serving as a time synchronization mechanism between sensing nodes and a data transmission platform between sensing nodes and the analysis host. The communication unit can also utilize broadband communication technologies such as WLAN, mobile cellular networks (4G / 5G), Ethernet, or power line carrier.

[0034] The timing unit is only set in the master node and uses a Beidou / GPS dual-mode positioning and timing chip to obtain standard world time.

[0035] The synchronization unit is used to achieve time synchronization between the master sensing node and the slave sensing nodes. The synchronization unit of the master sensing node allocates an independent connection event time slot to each slave sensing node through the BLE protocol. The synchronization unit of each slave sensing node is used to align the time slot anchor point allocated by the master sensing node, thereby achieving precise synchronization of all sensing nodes based on the master sensing node's clock.

[0036] The power management unit includes a power management chip, which is responsible for managing the charging and discharging of the built-in battery and providing power to the various functional units of the node.

[0037] Analysis host: The analysis host communicates with multiple sensing nodes to receive and store turnout status data and corresponding timestamps collected by the sensing nodes, and processes the data to analyze the turnout status. The analysis host includes the following functional modules: The data receiving module is used to receive turnout status data uploaded by multiple sensing nodes.

[0038] The calibration module uses pre-recorded reference data to convert the raw sensor data uploaded by the sensing nodes into standard physical quantity data. In this embodiment, after the sensing nodes are installed, a set of monitoring positions (such as traction points) and sensor data at each monitoring location during turnout positioning are recorded as calibration references. The calibration module establishes a mapping relationship between the raw sensor values ​​and physical quantities based on these reference data, and automatically calibrates the subsequently collected data.

[0039] The fusion analysis module, based on aligned timestamps, performs correlation analysis on multi-traction point data from different sensing nodes to generate turnout status diagnostic results. This correlation analysis includes comparing the conversion force curves, locking force curves, or displacement curves of different sensing nodes during turnout switching to determine if the switching at each traction point is synchronized; comparing the locking force curves and displacement curves of each traction point to determine if force crosstalk exists; and comprehensively analyzing the vibration data from multiple traction points to assess the overall stability of the turnout frame.

[0040] Storage module: It uses a combination of PostgreSQL database and text files to store monitoring data, configuration information and operation logs.

[0041] Management module: Provides functions such as turnout management, sensing node management, data query, and user management. It adopts a B / S architecture and provides services through a web page.

[0042] Access Terminal: The access terminal communicates with the analysis host and provides a management interface for users to configure the operating parameters of the sensing nodes, query and display turnout monitoring data, display turnout status, and analysis results. The access terminal can be a tablet, laptop, or desktop computer.

[0043] In this embodiment, the access terminal accesses the Web service provided by the analysis host through a browser, without the need to install dedicated software.

[0044] This invention relates to a distributed turnout monitoring system consisting of a single master node with multiple slave nodes, an analysis host, and a access terminal. The master node achieves precise time synchronization with the slave nodes through a timing unit combined with BLE time slot allocation. The sensing nodes are cableless integrated structures with built-in batteries, allowing for distributed and nearby deployment and compatibility with multiple types of sensors. The analysis host can fuse and analyze multi-node data based on aligned timestamps to diagnose the overall status of the turnout. The access terminal enables remote management and data visualization. This system achieves synchronous monitoring of multiple parameters and multiple points of the turnout, adapts to continuous and mobile monitoring scenarios, reduces on-site deployment workload, and improves the accuracy of turnout status diagnosis.

[0045] Example 2: like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a turnout monitoring method based on the distributed turnout monitoring system, the method comprising: Step S1: According to the monitoring requirements, install multiple sensing nodes at different monitoring locations of the turnout. The multiple sensing nodes include a main node and at least one secondary node, and configure a corresponding sensor for each sensing node.

[0046] Step S2: The master node periodically obtains the standard time from the time synchronization unit and synchronizes the time with all slave nodes through the synchronization unit.

[0047] Step S3: The sensing node collects sensor data in a high-frequency acquisition mode when the switch changes or a train passes through the switch, and collects static sensor data at a set period during static periods. All collected data is timestamped before storage; the static sensor data is the switch status data when no event occurs. Step S4: After monitoring is completed, transmit the data collected by all sensing nodes to the analysis host.

[0048] Step S5: The analysis host receives and saves the data from all sensing nodes, performs fusion processing on the data from different sensing nodes based on the aligned timestamps, and analyzes the overall status of the turnout.

[0049] Step S6: Connect the terminal to the analysis host and access the turnout monitoring data and status information.

[0050] This invention provides a turnout monitoring method that achieves precise time synchronization between primary and secondary nodes. By combining event-driven and timed acquisition modes, it obtains turnout status data with uniformly aligned timestamps. The analysis host then performs multi-node data fusion analysis to generate an overall turnout status diagnostic result. This method enables comprehensive and accurate monitoring of turnout status, reduces on-site installation and maintenance workload, and improves the intelligence level of turnout operation and maintenance.

[0051] The method of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0052] Step S101: Configuration, on-site deployment and debugging of sensing nodes.

[0053] This step is the preparatory work before monitoring, enabling on-demand configuration and rapid on-site deployment of sensing nodes, ensuring the fault-free operation of data acquisition equipment, and recording calibration baseline data. Specifically, it includes: Based on the model of the turnout to be monitored and the key monitoring points (such as tightness, vibration, creep, etc.), determine the installation location, number, and sensor type of each sensing node to ensure coverage of the key monitoring locations of the turnout. Maintenance personnel complete parameter configuration by accessing the terminal's interactive interface: inputting the basic model of the turnout and traction point into the analysis host and matching the basic parameters of the corresponding sensors; configuring the working parameters of the sensing nodes, including the static sampling interval, the high-frequency sampling frequency and recording length for turnout switching or train passage, the clock synchronization cycle of the main and auxiliary nodes, and the railway track maintenance window period. The sensing nodes are installed at preset locations near the bottom of the rails, sleepers, and switch machine mounting trays of the turnout. External sensors are connected through the standardized sensor interface on the node housing. There are no external cables. The device is turned on after physical fixing is completed. Test the turnout's two working states of fixed and reverse positions, check whether the sensor measurements of all sensing nodes are within the normal range, and ensure that the acquisition, storage, and communication functions are fault-free; at the same time, record a set of the contact value, opening value, and raw data of all sensors at each traction point when the turnout is in fixed and reverse positions, and upload the data to the analysis host as the benchmark value for subsequent calibration of the sensor raw data.

[0054] Step S201: Precise time synchronization of primary and secondary nodes.

[0055] This step, based on the BLE time slot allocation mechanism, unifies the clocks of all sensing nodes, specifically including: The master node obtains standard world time through its own timing unit (GPS / BeiDou) according to the clock synchronization cycle configured in step S101, and calibrates its own clock. The master node's synchronization unit sends time slot allocation instructions to all slave nodes via BLE, allocating an independent connection event time slot to each slave node. Each time slot corresponds to a unique slave node, avoiding synchronization signal interference. Each secondary node receives the time slot allocation instruction from the master node through the synchronization unit, strictly aligns with the time slot anchor point allocated to it by the master node, and completes the precise calibration of its own clock based on the master node's standard clock, thereby achieving time synchronization of all sensing nodes and ensuring that the timestamps of subsequent data collection are completely aligned.

[0056] Step S301: Multi-mode data acquisition and local storage of sensing nodes.

[0057] The sensing nodes employ both event-triggered high-frequency data acquisition and timed static data acquisition modes. When there are no acquisition tasks, they enter a deep sleep mode to reduce power consumption. All acquired data is accompanied by a synchronized timestamp and stored locally in the storage unit to prevent data loss. Specifically, this includes: When events such as turnout switching or train passing are detected, the sensing node automatically switches to high-frequency acquisition mode and collects sensor data at the high-frequency sampling frequency configured in step S101, continuously recording the turnout status data throughout the entire event process to ensure data integrity in dynamic scenarios. During static periods without events such as turnout switching or train passing, the sensing nodes periodically collect turnout static status data according to the static sampling interval configured in step S101, thereby achieving routine monitoring of turnouts. All collected data comes with a precise timestamp after synchronization and is stored in the node's storage unit in real time. The data is categorized, for example, by timestamp + node number + sensor type, to facilitate subsequent data transmission and analysis by the host computer. After completing a data acquisition task, the sensing node immediately shuts down the non-essential functions of the acquisition unit and communication unit and enters a deep sleep mode.

[0058] Step S401: Data transmission of the sensing node.

[0059] This step supports batch import and real-time / scheduled data transmission modes, adapting to both mobile monitoring and continuous monitoring application scenarios. The analysis host receives data through the data receiving module, specifically: Batch import (mobile monitoring): Applicable to the periodic inspection of multiple sets of turnouts in railway stations. After the monitoring of one or more sets of turnouts is completed, the maintenance personnel will remove the sensing nodes from the field and establish a wireless or wired connection with the analysis host. The sensing nodes will batch import all the turnout status data stored locally into the analysis host. After the import is completed, the sensing nodes can be redeployed to other turnouts to realize the mobile monitoring of multiple sets of turnouts. Real-time / timed transmission (continuous monitoring): Suitable for long-term real-time monitoring of core turnouts on railway trunk lines. The sensing nodes are located at the turnout site. Through broadband communication technologies such as 4G / 5G and WLAN, the collected data is transmitted to the analysis host in real time or at set intervals to ensure that the analysis host can obtain the turnout status data in a timely manner and realize real-time early warning of anomalies.

[0060] Step S501: Analyze the host's data processing, fusion analysis, and status diagnosis.

[0061] This step involves analyzing the received multi-node data from the host computer, performing calibration, fusion processing, and system-level status analysis to generate an overall turnout status diagnosis result. Specifically, this includes: Data reception and storage: The analysis host receives data transmitted by the sensing nodes through HTTP and WebSocket application protocols, classifies the data according to "node number + timestamp + turnout number", and stores it in a PostgreSQL database and a text file respectively, thus completing the structured and unstructured storage of the data. Raw data calibration: The calibration module of the analysis host calls the turnout positioning reference data recorded in step S101, converts the raw data uploaded by the sensor into standard physical quantity data that can be directly interpreted, eliminates the measurement error of the sensor itself, and ensures the accuracy of the data. For example, the voltage value of the displacement sensor is converted into the contact amount in millimeters, and the voltage value of the stress sensor is converted into the conversion force in Newtons.

[0062] Multi-node data fusion analysis: The fusion analysis module of the analysis host performs correlation analysis on multi-traction point data from different sensing nodes based on aligned timestamps. Specifically, it compares the switching force curve, locking force curve, displacement curve, vibration curve, etc. of sensing nodes at different monitoring positions during the turnout switching process, analyzes the action synchronization and force transmission characteristics of each traction point, and determines whether there are system-level abnormalities such as asynchronous switching, force crosstalk, frame deformation, rail creep, and poor contact of the turnout. Status diagnosis and alarm: The fusion analysis module generates an overall status diagnosis report for the turnout based on the preset turnout status thresholds and the correlation analysis results. If the turnout status parameters exceed the thresholds or there is a system-level anomaly, the corresponding alarm information is immediately generated, synchronously stored in the database and pushed to the access terminal. Data Management: The management service module of the analysis host manages all monitoring data, diagnostic reports, and alarm information. It supports data querying by multiple conditions such as turnout number, time, node number, and sensor type, providing data traceability capabilities for railway maintenance personnel.

[0063] Step S601: Access the remote management and data access of the terminal.

[0064] This step allows maintenance personnel to remotely manage switches and sensing nodes, as well as view monitoring data visually via terminals, eliminating the need for on-site operations and significantly improving maintenance efficiency. Specifically, it includes: The access terminal accesses the analysis host's B / S architecture service via a webpage, and establishes a communication connection with the analysis host after completing authentication; By accessing the terminal's interactive interface, basic information management of turnouts, traction points, and sensing nodes can be achieved. The operating parameters of sensing nodes (such as sampling frequency, synchronization cycle, and track window time period) can be modified remotely, and the operating status of sensing nodes (such as battery level, acquisition status, and synchronization status) can be viewed. It can access and display the turnout monitoring data, data change curves (such as conversion force curve and contact amount curve) after the main unit is calibrated, as well as the synchronous data comparison curve of multiple nodes, and supports data export and printing; View the overall status diagnostic report of the turnout generated by the analysis host, receive and view alarm information of turnout abnormalities. The alarm information includes key information such as abnormality type, abnormality occurrence time, abnormality monitoring location, and abnormal parameter value, which makes it convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to quickly locate the fault point. Based on the monitoring data, diagnostic reports, and alarm information viewed through the access terminal, maintenance personnel formulate maintenance and repair work plans for the turnouts. After completing the maintenance work, the effectiveness of the work can be verified through subsequent turnout monitoring data.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed turnout monitoring system, characterized in that, include: Multiple sensing nodes are installed at different monitoring positions of the turnout to collect turnout status data and store data with timestamps. The plurality of sensing nodes includes a master node and at least one slave node. The master node includes a time synchronization unit and a synchronization unit. The master node obtains the standard time through the time synchronization unit and synchronizes the time with the at least one slave node through the synchronization unit, so that the data collected by all sensing nodes have aligned timestamps. The analysis host is communicatively connected to the multiple sensing nodes, and is used to receive and store the data collected by the multiple sensing nodes. It performs fusion processing on the data from different sensing nodes based on the aligned timestamps to analyze the overall status of the turnout.

2. The distributed turnout monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the master node and the slave node include a control unit, a storage unit, a data acquisition unit and sensors, a communication unit, a power management unit, and a built-in battery; The master node also includes a time synchronization unit.

3. The distributed turnout monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The synchronization unit of the master node is used to synchronize time with the synchronization unit of the slave node via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The master node is used to allocate independent connection event time slots to each slave node, and each slave node is used to align the time slot anchor point allocated by the master node to achieve clock synchronization based on the master node.

4. The distributed turnout monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis host includes: The data receiving module is used to receive turnout status data uploaded by the multiple sensing nodes; The calibration module uses pre-recorded reference data to convert the raw sensor data uploaded by the sensing nodes into standard physical quantity data. The fusion analysis module performs correlation analysis on turnout status data from different sensing nodes based on aligned timestamps, and generates turnout status diagnosis results. The correlation analysis includes comparing the switching force curve, locking force curve, or displacement curve of sensing nodes at different monitoring locations during the turnout switching process to determine whether there is an abnormal turnout status.

5. A distributed turnout monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing node also includes a sensor interface, which is disposed on the housing of the sensing node and has a uniform physical specification. It is used to detachably connect to an external sensor, and the sensing node and the external sensor are connected without cables. The external sensors include displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, laser sensors, and stress sensors, used to monitor turnout status data including turnout contact, open stroke, vibration, creep, switching force, locking force, or locking amount.

6. The distributed turnout monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a retrieval terminal, which is communicatively connected to the analysis host and is used to provide a management interface to users to configure the working parameters of the sensing nodes, query and display turnout status data and analysis results.

7. A turnout monitoring method based on the distributed turnout monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: According to the monitoring requirements, multiple sensing nodes are installed at different monitoring locations of the turnout. The multiple sensing nodes include a main node and at least one secondary node, and each sensing node is configured with a corresponding sensor. The master node periodically obtains the standard time from the time synchronization unit and synchronizes the time with all slave nodes through the synchronization unit; The sensing node collects sensor data in a high-frequency acquisition mode when the switch is changing or a train passes through the switch, and collects static sensor data at a set period during static periods. All collected data is stored with a timestamp. After the monitoring is completed, the data collected by all sensing nodes is transmitted to the analysis host. The analysis host receives and saves data from all sensing nodes, performs fusion processing on data from different sensing nodes based on aligned timestamps, and analyzes the overall state of the turnout. The access terminal connects to the analysis host to access turnout monitoring data and status information.

8. The turnout monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The time synchronization specifically includes: The master node allocates independent connection event time slots to each slave node through the BLE communication protocol; Each secondary node aligns with the time slot anchor point assigned by the master node to achieve precise synchronization of all sensing nodes based on the master node's clock.

9. The turnout monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fusion process specifically includes: Using pre-recorded baseline data, the raw sensor data uploaded by the sensing nodes is converted into standard physical quantity data; Based on the aligned timestamps, correlation analysis is performed on turnout status data from different sensing nodes to generate turnout status diagnosis results. The correlation analysis includes comparing the switching force curve, locking force curve, or displacement curve of sensing nodes at different monitoring locations during the turnout switching process to determine whether there is an abnormal turnout status.

10. The turnout monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The benchmark data specifically includes: After installing the sensing nodes, record the contact value, open stroke value, and all sensor data at each monitoring position when the turnout is in the correct or reverse position, which will be used to calibrate the data collected subsequently.

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