Unmanned algae control ship based on ultralow-frequency electromagnetic waves and water treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides an unmanned algae control ship based on ultralow-frequency electromagnetic waves and a water treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The unmanned algae control ship comprises a ship body, a power propelling system, an intelligent control system and an algae control unit, the ship body is provided with a treatment flow channel, the algae control unit comprises a power module, a signal generator, an emitter and a receiver, the emitter and the receiver are arranged in pairs, and the emitter and the receiver are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the treatment flow channel to form an electromagnetic treatment area. The signal generator drives the emitter to release ultralow-frequency pulse electromagnetic waves with the frequency smaller than 1 MHz, and a conductive path with the current density not smaller than 1A / m is formed between the emitter and the receiver. The treatment method comprises the steps that the ship is controlled to enter a water area, the control unit is started, a 5-20 V / cm potential gradient electromagnetic field is built, electromagnetic waves and hydrogen bonds resonate, and microcystic toxin O-H / N-H hydrogen bonds are destroyed. The method can inhibit growth of blue-green algae and realize automatic treatment of water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment equipment, specifically to an unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves and its water treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing severity of eutrophication, algal blooms have become a global environmental problem. In particular, cyanobacterial blooms not only affect the aquatic landscape but also produce harmful substances such as microcystins, posing a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Currently, methods for controlling algae in aquatic bodies mainly include physical, chemical, and biological methods.

[0003] Among physical control methods, mechanical retrieval is the most direct treatment method, but its effect on small algae is limited. In recent years, electromagnetic wave technology has shown good application prospects in the field of water algae control. CN115385510A discloses an ultra-low frequency electromagnetic wave algae removal device and algae removal method. The device includes a filter box, a water pump and an algae remover. The algae remover is equipped with multiple sets of electrodes. Ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves are generated by a time-varying electromagnetic wave generator to treat blue-green algae in the water flow online [1]. CN221296504U proposes a low frequency electromagnetic wave purification device, including a control host, a first electromagnetic wave transmitter and a second electromagnetic wave transmitter. The low frequency electromagnetic waves accelerate the movement of ions in the water, thereby inhibiting the growth of bacteria and algae [2].

[0004] In terms of mobile algae control equipment, CN222005313U discloses an unmanned vessel for treating cyanobacteria. The device includes a hull, a central control cabinet, and a cyanobacteria treatment device. It disperses cyanobacteria by vibrating with an ultrasonic transmitter and uses a low-frequency wave generator to emit low-frequency electromagnetic waves to destroy the biological functions of algae [3]. CN114314747B proposes a solar-powered floating device and method that integrates algae storage and ultrasonic algae suppression. The device combines an algae collection and storage system with an ultrasonic algae suppression system and uses ultrasonic technology to suppress algae on the surface of the water [4]. CN210457571U introduces an algae controller, which includes an electromagnetic wave generator installed inside the shell, capable of removing harmful algae and microcystin toxins from 0-1 meters below the water surface [5].

[0005] However, existing technologies still have the following problems: First, traditional mechanical filtration systems are ineffective at removing small algae with a particle size of less than 50 μm, resulting in low treatment efficiency; second, while chemical methods are fast-acting, they are prone to causing secondary pollution and may disrupt the ecological balance of aquatic bodies; third, although conventional ultraviolet (UV) or high-voltage electric field methods can kill algae, they often cause algal cell rupture (cytolysis), resulting in the release of large amounts of intracellular toxins into the water, which in turn increases the content of soluble microcystin in the water; in addition, existing electrochemical or electric field algae removal technologies usually use exposed metal electrodes in direct contact with the water. This method has obvious technical defects: first, the electrodes are prone to electrochemical corrosion or passivation when working in water for a long time, resulting in a shortened lifespan; second, they must rely on the conductivity of the water itself to form an effective current, and the effect is poor in water bodies with low conductivity; third, if the electrode spacing is reduced in order to increase the field strength, the exposed electrodes are easily short-circuited by impurities in the water, thus burning out the circuit. Current technologies have not yet solved the problem of applying high-density current to water bodies while maintaining electrode insulation. Furthermore, existing electromagnetic wave treatment technologies mostly employ fixed equipment or simple floating devices, lacking intelligent autonomous navigation capabilities and precise algae control mechanisms, thus failing to achieve efficient treatment of large areas of water. In particular, existing technologies lack systematic solutions for the precise control of key parameters such as treatment frequency, voltage difference, and current density, making it difficult to effectively regulate algae characteristics under different water conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problems to be solved by this invention are as follows: traditional mechanical filtration systems are ineffective at removing small algae with a particle size of less than 50 μm, resulting in low treatment efficiency; chemical methods, although effective, are prone to secondary pollution and may disrupt the ecological balance of aquatic bodies; conventional ultraviolet or high-voltage electric field methods can kill algae, but often cause algal cell rupture, resulting in the release of large amounts of intracellular toxins into the water; and existing electromagnetic wave treatment technologies mostly use fixed equipment or simple floating devices, lacking intelligent autonomous navigation capabilities and precise algae control mechanisms.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide an unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves, including a hull, a power propulsion system, an intelligent control system and an algae control unit;

[0008] The hull is provided with a treatment channel through which water flows, and the treatment channel has an inlet and an outlet.

[0009] The power propulsion system is installed on the hull and is used to drive the hull to sail.

[0010] The algae control unit is installed on the hull and acts on the water in the treatment channel. The algae control unit includes a power module, a signal generator, and a pair of transmitters and receivers.

[0011] The transmitter and receiver are disposed opposite to each other on the inner walls or inside the processing channel, forming an electromagnetic processing area through which water flows.

[0012] The signal generator integrates a pulse modulation circuit, and the power module includes a high-voltage energy storage capacitor bank and a fast discharge switch.

[0013] The intelligent control system is configured to control the power module to perform cyclic switching between high-energy charging and immediate energy dissipation, and drive the signal generator to release ultra-low frequency pulse electromagnetic waves with a frequency of less than 1MHz through the transmitter.

[0014] The surface of the transmitter is covered with an insulating dielectric layer, configured to block the conduction current between the transmitter and the water body;

[0015] The algae control unit adopts a displacement current drive mechanism, and its power module includes a high-voltage energy storage capacitor bank and a fast discharge switch.

[0016] The intelligent control system is configured to control the power module to perform high-energy charging and generate a pulse signal with a high voltage change rate (high dV / dt) through a fast discharge switch to drive the signal generator;

[0017] By utilizing the capacitive coupling effect of the insulating dielectric layer under high-frequency pulses, a displacement current path with a current density of not less than 1 A / m² is formed between the transmitter and receiver. This displacement current can penetrate the insulating layer and the water body, directly acting on the algal cells.

[0018] Preferably, the algae control unit is configured to maintain a voltage difference of not less than 24V between the transmitter and the receiver; the signal generator is configured to modulate and generate the ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic wave based on the inherent vibration frequency of hydrogen bonds in water molecules.

[0019] Furthermore, the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is less than 5 mm, and the signal generator is configured to generate a 60V voltage difference between the transmitter and the receiver; the insulating dielectric layer is a nano-ceramic insulating layer, used to prevent direct short circuit of the electrodes when the distance between the electrodes is less than 5 mm.

[0020] Optionally, the propulsion system adopts a paddle wheel drive device, which is installed on both sides or the stern of the hull. The rotating part of the paddle wheel drive device is submerged in the water and is configured to drive the hull while simultaneously using the centrifugal force generated by the rotation to propel the water flow into the inlet of the treatment channel.

[0021] Optionally, the upper part of the hull is equipped with an electrical control cabinet, the surface of which is integrated with an operating terminal. The operating terminal is equipped with an interactive interface, which is used to switch between unmanned autonomous navigation mode and manned control mode.

[0022] The present invention also provides a water treatment method using the above-mentioned unmanned algae control vessel, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: Control the unmanned algae control vessel to enter the water area to be treated, and use the power propulsion system to drive the water flow into the treatment channel of the vessel;

[0024] S2: Start the algae control unit, use the high-voltage energy storage capacitor bank in the power module to quickly charge to peak power in 0.1-0.3 seconds, and then release energy in 0.05-0.1 seconds through the fast discharge switch;

[0025] S3: The transmitter is controlled by the signal generator to emit ultra-low frequency pulse electromagnetic waves with a frequency of less than 1MHz into the water flowing through the area between the transmitter and the receiver, thereby establishing an electromagnetic field with a potential gradient of 5-20V / cm between the transmitter and the receiver.

[0026] S4: Control the frequency of the ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic wave to resonate with the hydrogen bonds of water molecules, thereby destroying the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in the microcystin molecules.

[0027] Preferably, the method is used to inhibit cyanobacteria with a particle size of less than 50 μm; in step S3, the frequency is set to 100 kHz-500 kHz, and the pulse interval is set to 0.5-2 seconds to match the resonance absorption peak of microcystin molecules.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] 1) Highly efficient algae control: It has a significant inhibitory effect on cyanobacteria with a particle size of less than 50μm that are difficult to remove by conventional mechanical filtration. Experimental data show that after treatment with the unmanned algae control vessel of this invention, the immediate removal rate of chlorophyll a in the water is significantly improved, and the long-term algae density can be reduced by up to 80%, which solves the problem that mechanical filtration systems in the prior art are difficult to effectively remove small algae.

[0030] 2) Effective degradation of toxins: Unlike traditional UV or high-voltage electric field algae killing methods that cause algal cell rupture and toxin release, this invention directly destroys the molecular structure of microcystin by using ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves to resonate with the hydrogen bonds of water molecules. Experiments show that microcystin can be reduced by 15.5%-36.8%, effectively solving the problem of large-scale release of intracellular toxins caused by conventional algae killing methods in the prior art.

[0031] 3) Long equipment life and high safety: This invention innovatively uses a transmitter coated with an insulating dielectric layer, which, in conjunction with a high-voltage pulse circuit, generates displacement current for operation. Compared with traditional exposed electrodes, the insulating layer completely eliminates the problems of electrochemical corrosion and passivation of electrodes in water, greatly extending the maintenance-free cycle of the equipment; at the same time, the insulating layer prevents the risk of short circuit burnout caused by impurities when the electrode spacing is very small (<5mm), making it possible to establish an ultra-high intensity electric field in narrow flow channels.

[0032] 4) No secondary pollution: This invention uses physical wave treatment, which eliminates the need for chemical agents and avoids the secondary pollution problems that may be caused by chemical agents; moreover, the algal cells remain relatively intact during the treatment process, avoiding the release of large amounts of intracellular organic matter and protecting the aquatic ecological environment.

[0033] 5) Intelligent operation: Combined with the unmanned vessel platform, this invention can achieve autonomous navigation and targeted removal, reducing operation and maintenance costs and personnel safety risks, and improving the efficiency and safety of water treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the paddle wheel drive device of the unmanned algae control vessel of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the processing channel and algae control unit of the unmanned algae control vessel of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the transmitter and receiver in the algae control unit of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of the control system of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the water treatment method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves, including a hull 1, a power propulsion system, an intelligent control system, and an algae control unit.

[0043] The hull 1 is made of lightweight, high-strength composite material, which provides good buoyancy and stability. The hull 1 is equipped with a treatment channel 5 for water flow, which has an inlet and an outlet to guide the water flow 11 through the interior of the hull for algae treatment.

[0044] The propulsion system uses a paddle wheel drive device 2, such as Figure 2 As shown, the paddle wheel drive unit 2 is installed on both sides or the stern of the hull 1. The paddle wheel drive unit 2 includes multiple evenly distributed paddle wheel blades 21. These blades 21 generate propulsion when in contact with the water surface, enabling the hull 1 to move smoothly forward on the water. The rotating part of the paddle wheel drive unit 2 is submerged in the water. While driving the hull 1, it also diverts water flow into the inlet of the treatment channel 5 through rotation. This design not only provides power to the hull 1 but also efficiently introduces water into the treatment channel 5 for treatment, realizing the dual functions of power propulsion and water introduction.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the treatment channel 5 is located inside the hull 1 and is the core area for water treatment. The treatment channel 5 adopts a streamlined design to ensure smooth water flow 11 and reduce resistance loss. An algae control unit is installed inside the treatment channel 5.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the algae control unit includes a power module, a signal generator 53, and a pair of transmitters 51 and receivers 52. The transmitters 51 and receivers 52 are positioned opposite each other on the inner walls or inside the treatment channel 5, forming an electromagnetic treatment area through which water flows. The transmitters 51 and receivers 52 are grounded via a metal connection to ensure a sufficiently strong electric field is formed within the treatment channel 5.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, to address the problems of corrosion and short circuits in traditional electrodes, the transmitter 51 in this embodiment is coated with a 0.1-0.5 mm thick nano-ceramic insulating dielectric layer. Due to the presence of this insulating layer, ordinary DC or low-frequency AC current cannot form an effective conduction current. Therefore, this invention employs a special driving method:

[0048] The power module in the algae control unit adopts a topology of 'high-voltage energy storage + rapid discharge'. During operation, the high-voltage energy storage capacitor bank accumulates charge within 0.1-0.3 seconds, and then releases it to the transmitter 51 within microseconds via a rapid discharge switch (such as an IGBT or MOSFET), generating a transient high-voltage pulse on the transmitter 51. This is based on the displacement current principle in Maxwell's equations (…). This extremely fast rate of voltage change (high dV / dt) can induce high-density displacement currents in insulating dielectric layers and water bodies.

[0049] With the narrow design of the treatment channel 5 (electrode spacing < 5 mm), this displacement current is confined to a small water space, thus forming a powerful conductive path with a current density of not less than 1 A / m², which can effectively penetrate the algal cell membrane and destroy its internal hydrogen bond structure.

[0050] In this embodiment, the frequency range of the ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic wave is 100kHz to 500kHz, the pulse width is 5μs to 50μs, and the pulse repetition frequency is 10Hz to 100Hz. This ultra-low frequency electromagnetic wave can effectively act on algal cells in water, destroying their cellular structure.

[0051] The algae control unit is configured to maintain a voltage difference of not less than 24V between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52 to ensure the formation of a sufficiently strong electric field. In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52 is less than 5mm, and the signal generator 53 is configured to generate a voltage difference of 60V between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52. This design enables the formation of a high potential gradient within the processing channel 5, with a potential gradient strength of 5kV / m to 20kV / m, which can effectively disrupt the algal cell membrane structure.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the intelligent control system is electrically connected to the propulsion system and the algae control unit, respectively, and is used to control the autonomous navigation of hull 1 and adjust the output parameters of the algae control unit. The intelligent control system includes a central processing unit, a navigation module, a communication module, and a sensor network. The central processing unit is responsible for integrating information from various modules and making decisions; the navigation module includes a GPS positioning system and an electronic compass to ensure that hull 1 can navigate along a preset route; the communication module supports remote control and data transmission; the sensor network includes water quality sensors, obstacle detectors, and algae concentration detectors to monitor the surrounding environment in real time.

[0053] An electrical control cabinet 3 is located on the upper part of the hull 1, and an operating terminal 4 is integrated on the surface of the electrical control cabinet 3. The operating terminal 4 is equipped with an interactive interface, which is used to switch between unmanned autonomous navigation mode and manned control mode. Operators can use the operating terminal 4 to set the navigation route, adjust the operating parameters of the algae control unit, and view the real-time operating status of the hull 1 and water quality data. The electrical control cabinet 3 integrates a power management system, control circuits, and communication equipment, and adopts a waterproof design to ensure the safe operation of electronic equipment in harsh environments.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, the workflow of the unmanned algae control vessel of the present invention in practical application includes: First, the hull 1 enters the target water area (S1); then, the algae concentration is detected by sensors (S2); when the concentration exceeds the set threshold, the intelligent control system automatically activates the algae control unit (S3); finally, ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves generate a resonance effect with the hydrogen bonds in water molecules, effectively destroying the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in the molecular structure of microcystin, and at the same time destroying the molecular structure of chlorophyll in microalgal cells, interfering with its photosynthesis and energy metabolism processes (S4).

[0055] During the process, ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves are released through transmitter 51, pass through water flow 11, and are received by receiver 52. Simultaneously, a high-gradient potential closed field formed between transmitter 51 and receiver 52 generates ion currents, applying intermittent electromagnetic pulse impacts to the microalgae and microcystin toxins in the water flow. This electromagnetic wave action can disrupt the molecular structure of chlorophyll within microalgal cells, interfering with their photosynthesis and energy metabolism processes, ultimately leading to a decrease in microalgal cell activity and inhibiting their growth and reproduction.

[0056] Efficacy verification shows that using the unmanned algae control vessel of the present invention for water treatment can achieve an inhibition rate of over 85% for microalgae in the treated waters and a degradation rate of over 90% for microcystin toxins, without generating secondary pollution, having minimal impact on the aquatic ecosystem, and providing long-lasting and stable treatment results.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, this invention provides a method for water treatment using an unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves. The method includes the following steps:

[0059] S1: Control the unmanned algae control vessel to enter the water area to be treated, and use the power propulsion system to drive the water flow into the treatment channel of the vessel;

[0060] In this step, such as Figure 1 As shown, the unmanned algae control vessel is first remotely controlled via the operating terminal 4 to navigate to the water area to be treated. The hull 1 is equipped with a treatment flow channel 5. Once the unmanned algae control vessel enters the water area, its propulsion system uses a paddle wheel drive device 2, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the rotating part of the paddle wheel drive device 2 is submerged in water. While driving the hull 1, it rotates to propel the water flow into the inlet of the treatment channel 5. The treatment channel 5 adopts a streamlined design to ensure that the water flow 11 can pass smoothly while maximizing contact with the working area of ​​the algae control unit.

[0061] S2: Start the algae control unit and control the transmitter to transmit ultra-low frequency pulse electromagnetic waves with a frequency of less than 1MHz to the water flowing through the area between the transmitter and receiver via the signal generator;

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the algae control unit includes a power module, a signal generator 53, and a paired transmitter 51 and receiver 52. In this step, the algae control unit is activated by sending a command through the operation terminal 4. The signal generator 53 generates and controls the transmitter 51 to emit ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves with a frequency of less than 1 MHz to the water flowing through the treatment channel 5. In this embodiment, the frequency range of the ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves is 100 kHz to 500 kHz, and the pulse interval is set to 0.5-2 seconds. This parameter configuration is particularly suitable for suppressing cyanobacteria with a particle size of less than 50 μm.

[0063] S3: An electromagnetic field with a potential gradient of 5-20V / cm is established between the transmitter and the receiver to intermittently shock the flowing water with electromagnetic pulses;

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, the transmitter 51 and receiver 52 are positioned opposite each other within the processing channel 5, forming a closed electromagnetic field region. An electromagnetic field with a potential gradient of 5-20 V / cm is established between the transmitter 51 and receiver 52. When the water flow 11 carrying microalgae and microcystin toxins flows through this region, this high-gradient potential closed field applies intermittent electromagnetic pulse impacts to the microalgae cells and microcystin toxin molecules.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the intermittent electromagnetic pulse impact employs an energy gradient abrupt change method, which involves cyclically switching between high-energy charging and immediate energy dissipation by controlling the power module. This energy gradient abrupt change method can generate a stronger instantaneous electric field intensity, enhancing the impact effect on algal cells. Furthermore, because it is intermittent, it can reduce energy consumption and extend the equipment's lifespan.

[0066] according to Figure 5 The control system block diagram shown illustrates that the intelligent control system can automatically adjust the intensity and frequency of electromagnetic pulses based on the algae concentration detected by the water quality sensor to ensure optimal treatment results.

[0067] S4: Control the frequency of the ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic wave to resonate with the hydrogen bonds of water molecules, thereby destroying the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in the microcystin molecules.

[0068] In this step, ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves effectively disrupt the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in the microcystin molecule structure by resonating with the hydrogen bonds in water molecules. This resonance effect is the core mechanism of this method; it can selectively act on specific chemical bonds in the microcystin molecule while having minimal impact on other substances in the water.

[0069] Efficacy verification shows that the water treatment method of this invention can inhibit microalgae in treated waters by more than 85% and degrade microcystin by more than 90%, without causing secondary pollution, having minimal impact on the aquatic ecosystem, and providing long-lasting and stable treatment results. In particular, for cyanobacteria with a particle size of less than 50 μm, using a frequency of 100 kHz-500 kHz and a pulse interval of 0.5-2 seconds achieves the best inhibition effect.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves. The unmanned algae control vessel includes a hull 1, a paddle wheel drive device 2, an electrical control cabinet 3, an operation terminal 4, a processing channel 5, an algae control unit 6, a power propulsion system 7, and an intelligent control system 8.

[0072] The hull 1, as the main structure of the unmanned algae control vessel, is made of lightweight, high-strength composite materials, providing excellent buoyancy and stability. The hull 1 is equipped with a treatment channel 5 that allows water to flow through it. The treatment channel 5 runs through the hull and has an inlet and an outlet, enabling water to flow smoothly from one end of the hull and out through the other end after treatment.

[0073] The propulsion system 7 is installed on the hull 1 and is used to propel the hull 1. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the propulsion system 7 includes a paddle wheel drive unit 2, which comprises multiple paddle wheel blades 21 evenly distributed radially on the axle. The paddle wheel drive unit 2 is driven to rotate by an electric motor. When the paddle wheel blades 21 contact the water surface, they generate propulsion force, enabling the hull 1 to move smoothly forward on the water. The design of the paddle wheel drive unit 2 allows the hull 1 to move flexibly in algal bloom areas without excessively agitating the water, thus preventing further spread of algae.

[0074] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the algae control unit 6 is installed on the hull 1 and operates on the water within the treatment channel 5. The algae control unit 6 includes a power module, a signal generator 53, and a pair of transmitters 51 and receivers 52. The power module includes a high-voltage energy storage capacitor bank and a fast discharge switch, used to provide the electrical energy required by the algae control unit 6. The signal generator 53 is electrically connected to the transmitter 51 and is used to drive the transmitter 51 to release ultra-low frequency pulse electromagnetic waves with a frequency less than 1MHz.

[0075] The transmitter 51 and receiver 52 are disposed opposite each other on the inner walls or inside the processing channel 5, forming an electromagnetic processing area through which water flows. The distance between the transmitter 51 and receiver 52 is less than 5 mm, and the transmitter 51 and receiver 52 are grounded via a metal connection. The receiver 52 is connected to the common grounding point of the hull 1 via a low-impedance metal busbar to form a return loop. The signal generator 53 is configured to generate a 60V voltage difference between the transmitter 51 and receiver 52. The surface of the transmitter 51 is covered with an insulating dielectric layer to prevent short circuits and enhance electric field penetration when the inter-electrode distance is less than 5 mm.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the signal generator 53 drives the transmitter 51 to release ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves with a frequency of less than 1 MHz, and forms a conductive path with a current density of not less than 1 A / m² between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52. This design ensures that a sufficiently strong electric field is formed within the processing channel 5, which can effectively destroy the algal cell structure.

[0077] The intelligent control system 8 is electrically connected to the propulsion system 7 and the algae control unit 6, respectively, and is used to control the autonomous navigation of the hull 1 and adjust the output parameters of the algae control unit 6. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the intelligent control system 8 includes a central processing unit, a navigation module, a communication module, and a sensor network. The central processing unit is responsible for integrating information from various modules and making decisions; the navigation module includes a GPS positioning system and an electronic compass to ensure that the hull 1 can navigate along a preset route; the communication module supports remote control and data transmission; the sensor network includes water quality sensors, obstacle detectors, and algae concentration detectors to monitor the surrounding environment in real time.

[0078] The intelligent control system 8 is configured to control the power module to perform cyclic switching between high-energy charging and immediate energy dissipation, establishing a transient voltage gradient between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52, maintaining a voltage difference of no less than 24V between them, thereby forming a steep pulse electric field in the electromagnetic processing area. This control method can generate powerful electric field pulses, effectively disrupting the algal cell membrane structure.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, to match the resonance absorption peaks of cyanobacterial cell walls and microcystin molecules, the frequency generated by the signal generator 53 is set to 100kHz-500kHz, and the pulse interval is set to 0.5-2 seconds. This parameter configuration is specifically designed to suppress cyanobacteria with a particle size of less than 50μm, and by matching the resonance frequency with the cyanobacterial cell walls and microcystin molecules, it can more effectively disrupt their molecular structure.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, the water treatment method using an unmanned algae control vessel includes the following steps:

[0081] S1: Control the unmanned algae control vessel to enter the water area to be treated. The intelligent control system 8 receives instructions through the operation terminal 4 and controls the power propulsion system 7 to drive the hull 1 to the target water area.

[0082] S2: The algae control unit 6 is activated, transmitting ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 100kHz-500kHz to the water flowing through the area between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52. The signal generator 53 generates an ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic wave signal of a specific frequency, which is transmitted through the transmitter 51 to the water flowing through the treatment channel 5.

[0083] S3: Using the high-gradient potential closed-field ion current established by transmitter 51 and receiver 52, intermittent electromagnetic pulse impacts are applied to microalgae and microcystin toxins in the water. The power module cycles through high-energy charging and immediate energy dissipation, establishing a transient voltage gradient between transmitter 51 and receiver 52, maintaining a voltage difference of 60V between them, thereby forming a steep pulse electric field in the electromagnetic processing area.

[0084] S4: By resonating with the hydrogen bonds of water molecules through pulsed electromagnetic waves, the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in microcystin molecules are disrupted, simultaneously damaging the chlorophyll structure of microalgae and interfering with their metabolic processes. Ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves effectively disrupt the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in the microcystin molecule structure through resonance with the hydrogen bonds in water molecules. Simultaneously, they disrupt the molecular structure of chlorophyll within microalgal cells, interfering with photosynthesis and energy metabolism, ultimately leading to decreased microalgal cell activity and inhibiting their growth and reproduction.

[0085] The electrical control cabinet 3 is installed on the upper part of hull 1 and integrates the power management system, control circuits, and communication equipment. The electrical control cabinet 3 features a waterproof design to ensure the safe operation of electronic equipment in harsh environments. The power management system includes solar panels and high-capacity lithium battery packs, providing long-term continuous operation.

[0086] The operating terminal 4 can be a shore-based control station or a mobile device, which maintains a connection with the hull 1 via wireless communication. Operators can use the operating terminal 4 to set navigation routes, adjust the operating parameters of the algae control unit 6, and view the operating status and water quality data of the hull 1 in real time.

[0087] This invention's unmanned algae control vessel utilizes ultra-low frequency electromagnetic wave technology to effectively control algae growth in water bodies without adding any chemical agents, avoiding secondary pollution of the aquatic ecosystem caused by traditional chemical treatment methods. Simultaneously, the vessel's autonomous navigation capability allows it to efficiently cover large areas of water, achieving precise control of algal blooms. It achieves an inhibition rate of over 85% for microalgae in the treated water, a degradation rate of over 90% for microcystin toxins, and produces no secondary pollution, has minimal impact on the aquatic ecosystem, and provides long-lasting and stable treatment results.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves. The unmanned algae control vessel includes main components such as hull 1, paddle wheel drive device 2, electrical control cabinet 3, operation terminal 4, processing channel 5, algae control unit 6, power propulsion system 7, and intelligent control system 8.

[0090] The hull 1, serving as the basic carrier of the entire unmanned algae control vessel, is made of lightweight, high-strength composite materials, providing excellent buoyancy and stability. The hull 1 is equipped with a treatment channel 5 for water flow, which has an inlet and an outlet, allowing water to flow smoothly from one end of the hull and out the other after treatment.

[0091] The propulsion system 7 is installed on the hull 1 and is used to propel the hull 1. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the propulsion system 7 includes a paddle wheel drive unit 2, which comprises multiple paddle wheel blades 21 evenly distributed radially around the circumference of the paddle wheel. The paddle wheel drive unit 2 rotates the paddle wheel via a motor, and the paddle wheel blades 21 generate thrust by contacting the water surface, thereby driving the hull 1 forward, backward, or turning. The paddle wheel drive unit 2 is designed not only to provide power to the hull 1 but also to guide water into the treatment channel 5 during rotation, achieving the dual functions of propulsion and water introduction, thus improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0092] like Figure 3 As shown, the treatment channel 5 is located inside the hull 1 and is the core area for water treatment. The algae control unit 6 is installed on the hull 1 and operates on the water within the treatment channel 5. The algae control unit 6 includes a power module, a signal generator 53, and a pair of transmitters 51 and receivers 52.

[0093] like Figure 4 As shown, transmitter 51 and receiver 52 are disposed opposite each other on the inner walls or inside the processing channel 5, forming an electromagnetic processing area through which water flows. The distance between transmitter 51 and receiver 52 is less than 5 mm, and transmitter 51 and receiver 52 are grounded via a metal connection. Receiver 52 is connected to the common grounding point of hull 1 via a low-impedance metal busbar to form a return loop. Signal generator 53 is electrically connected to transmitter 51 and is used to drive transmitter 51 to release ultra-low frequency pulse electromagnetic waves with a frequency less than 1 MHz, and to form a conductive path with a current density of not less than 1 A / m² between transmitter 51 and receiver 52. Signal generator 53 is configured to generate a voltage difference of 60 V between transmitter 51 and receiver 52. The surface of transmitter 51 is covered with an insulating dielectric layer to prevent short circuits and enhance electric field penetration when the inter-electrode distance is less than 5 mm.

[0094] The power module in the algae control unit 6 includes a high-voltage energy storage capacitor bank and a fast discharge switch. The power module is designed to perform cyclic switching between high-energy charging and immediate energy dissipation, establishing a transient voltage gradient between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52, maintaining a voltage difference of not less than 24V between them, thereby forming a steep pulse electric field in the electromagnetic processing area.

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, the intelligent control system 8 is electrically connected to the propulsion system 7 and the algae control unit 6, respectively, and is used to control the autonomous navigation of the hull 1 and adjust the output parameters of the algae control unit 6. The intelligent control system 8 includes a central processing unit, a navigation module, a communication module, and a sensor network. The central processing unit is responsible for integrating information from various modules and making decisions; the navigation module includes a GPS positioning system and an electronic compass to ensure that the hull 1 can navigate along a preset route; the communication module supports remote control and data transmission; the sensor network includes water quality sensors, obstacle detectors, and algae concentration detectors to monitor the surrounding environment in real time. The intelligent control system 8 is configured to control the power module to perform cyclical switching between high-energy charging and immediate energy dissipation, achieving precise control of the algae control unit 6.

[0096] The electrical control cabinet 3 is installed on the upper part of the hull 1, and integrates the power management system, control circuits, and communication equipment. An operating terminal 4 is integrated on the surface of the electrical control cabinet 3. The operating terminal 4 is equipped with an interactive interface used to switch between unmanned autonomous navigation mode and manned control mode. Operators can use the operating terminal 4 to set the navigation route, adjust the operating parameters of the algae control unit 6, and view the real-time operating status of the hull 1 and water quality data.

[0097] like Figure 6 As shown, the unmanned algae control vessel of the present invention can be used for water body treatment, and its method includes the following steps:

[0098] S1: Control the unmanned algae control vessel to enter the water area to be treated, and use the power propulsion system 7 to drive the water flow into the treatment channel 5 of the hull 1;

[0099] S2: Start the algae control unit 6, and control the transmitter 51 to transmit ultra-low frequency pulse electromagnetic waves with a frequency of less than 1MHz to the water flowing through the area between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52 via the signal generator 53;

[0100] S3: An electromagnetic field with a potential gradient of 5-20V / cm is established between the transmitter 51 and the receiver 52 to intermittently shock the flowing water with electromagnetic pulses.

[0101] S4: Controls the frequency of ultra-low frequency pulsed electromagnetic waves to resonate with the hydrogen bonds of water molecules, thereby disrupting the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in microcystin molecules.

[0102] In step S3, the intermittent electromagnetic pulse impact employs an energy gradient abrupt change method. The energy storage capacitor in the power module is rapidly charged to peak power within 0.1-0.3 seconds, and then the energy is rapidly released through transmitter 51 within 0.05-0.1 seconds, forming a high-energy pulse shock wave. This high-energy pulse shock wave can effectively destroy algal cell structures without significantly affecting other organisms in the water.

[0103] In practical applications, the unmanned algae control vessel can navigate and operate autonomously through the intelligent control system 8. The hull 1 is made of lightweight composite materials, providing excellent buoyancy and stability. The paddle wheel drive 2 provides stable propulsion on the water surface while avoiding harm to underwater organisms. The electrical control cabinet 3 integrates a power management system, communication module, and control circuitry, providing power and control signals to the entire system.

[0104] The unmanned algae control vessel of this invention utilizes ultra-low frequency electromagnetic wave technology to effectively control algae growth in water bodies without adding any chemical agents, thus avoiding secondary pollution of the aquatic ecosystem caused by traditional chemical treatment methods. Simultaneously, the autonomous navigation capability of the vessel 1 enables it to efficiently cover large areas of water, achieving precise control of algal blooms.

[0105] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and variations that are directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention should be considered to be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An unmanned algae control vessel based on ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves, characterized in that, This includes the hull, propulsion system, intelligent control system, and algae control unit; The hull is provided with a restricted treatment channel through which water flows, and the treatment channel has an inlet and an outlet. The power propulsion system is installed on the hull and is used to drive the hull to sail. The algae control unit is installed on the hull and acts on the water in the treatment channel. The algae control unit includes a power module, a signal generator, and a pair of transmitters and receivers. The transmitter and receiver are disposed opposite to each other on the inner walls or inside the processing channel, forming an electromagnetic processing area through which water flows. Its features are: The surface of the transmitter is covered with an insulating dielectric layer, configured to block conduction current; The power module includes a high-voltage energy storage unit and a fast discharge switch; The signal generator is electrically connected to the power module and the transmitter, and is configured to control the power module to perform high-voltage charging and rapid discharging, and to establish a high-frequency transient electric field between the transmitter and the receiver. Utilizing the capacitance effect of the insulating dielectric layer, a displacement current path with a current density of not less than 1A / m² is excited within the confined treatment channel, and the displacement current penetrates the water body and acts on algae. The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the power propulsion system and the algae control unit, respectively, and is used to control the autonomous navigation of the hull and adjust the output parameters of the algae control unit.

2. The unmanned algae control vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The algae control unit is configured to maintain a voltage difference of not less than 24V between the transmitter and the receiver.

3. The unmanned algae control vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the transmitter and the receiver is less than 5 mm; the insulating dielectric layer is a nano-ceramic insulating layer or a polymer composite insulating film with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 1 mm; the signal generator is configured to generate a pulse with a transient peak voltage of not less than 60 V between the transmitter and the receiver.

4. The unmanned algae control vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion system employs a paddle wheel drive device, which is installed on both sides or the stern of the hull. The rotating part of the paddle wheel drive device is submerged in water and is configured to drive the hull while simultaneously propelling the water flow into the inlet of the treatment channel.

5. The unmanned algae control vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the hull is equipped with an electrical control cabinet, and the surface of the electrical control cabinet is integrated with an operating terminal. The operating terminal is equipped with an interactive interface, which is used to switch between unmanned autonomous navigation mode and manned control mode.

6. A water treatment method using the unmanned algae control vessel according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Control the unmanned algae control vessel to enter the water area to be treated, and use the power propulsion system to drive the water flow into the restricted treatment channel of the hull; S2: Start the algae control unit (ACU) and charge it using the high-voltage energy storage unit of the power module; S3: The transmitter releases a high-voltage pulse to the electrode covered with an insulating dielectric layer by controlling the fast discharge switch. The impedance characteristics of the insulating dielectric layer are used to block the conduction current and establish a high-rate electric field (dV / dt) between the transmitter and the receiver. S4: A displacement current penetrating the water body is excited within the restricted treatment channel. The density of the displacement current is not less than 1A / m². The electromagnetic waves generated by the displacement current resonate with the hydrogen bonds of water molecules, thereby destroying the OH and NH hydrogen bonds in the microcystin molecules.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the intermittent electromagnetic pulse impact adopts an energy gradient abrupt change mode, and the power supply module is controlled to perform cyclic switching between high energy charging and immediate energy dissipation.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, This method is used to suppress cyanobacteria with a particle size of less than 50 μm; in step S2, the frequency is set to 100 kHz-500 kHz, and the pulse interval is set to 0.5-2 seconds.

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