Method for producing organic fertilizer through low-cost rapid fermentation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, and particularly discloses a method for producing an organic fertilizer through low-cost rapid fermentation, which comprises the following steps: mixing sugarcane filter mud, water, a mushroom bag and a fermentation strain to obtain a mixed material pile A for fermentation, mixing the sugarcane filter mud, the water, the mushroom bag and the fermentation strain to obtain a mixed material pile B when the temperature of the mixed material pile A reaches 35-55 DEG C, and fermenting the mixed material pile B to obtain the organic fertilizer. The dosage of the sugarcane filter mud and the mushroom bag in the mixed material pile B is the same as that of the mixed material pile A, and the dosage of the fermentation strain in the mixed material pile B is 60%-70% of that of the fermentation strain in the mixed material pile A. The mixed material pile B and the mixed material pile A are immediately mixed for fermentation, after the temperature reaches 35-55 DEG C, fermentation is continued for 12-24 h, then the mixture is equally divided into two parts, one part is continued to be fermented, and the organic fertilizer is obtained. And mixing the other part with the re-prepared mixed material pile B, and fermenting. According to the invention, the balance between the fermentation efficiency and the production cost can be realized, and the production cost can be effectively reduced while the fermentation production efficiency of the organic fertilizer is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizer production technology, specifically relating to a low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] Organic fertilizer fermentation is a technology that uses microorganisms to decompose organic matter to produce fertilizer. During the fermentation process, high temperatures play a positive role, accelerating the degradation of organic matter (cellulose, hemicellulose, etc.), speeding up material maturation, and killing pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds, thus rendering the material harmless. Simultaneously, thermophilic bacteria exhibit the strongest activity and most vigorous metabolism at high temperatures, resulting in high decomposition efficiency. At low temperatures (below 15℃), organic fertilizer fermentation is very slow, sometimes even failing. Currently, electric heating is commonly used to raise and maintain higher fermentation temperatures to shorten fermentation time and improve organic fertilizer production efficiency. Additionally, heat-resistant microbial strains are often added to the raw materials. However, this electric heating method increases production costs, and heat-resistant microbial strains are also relatively expensive. Therefore, developing an organic fertilizer fermentation method that balances fermentation efficiency and production costs is currently a hot topic in organic fertilizer production research and development. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention discloses a low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer, which achieves a balance between fermentation efficiency and production cost, ensuring the efficiency of organic fertilizer fermentation production while effectively reducing production costs.

[0004] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: A low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer includes the following steps: (1) Take sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum and mix them to obtain mixed pile A. The water content of mixed pile A is 50% to 60% and the weight ratio of sugarcane filter mud, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum is 30: (3 to 10): (0.005 to 0.008). Mixed pile A is then subjected to aerobic fermentation. (2) When the temperature of the mixed pile A reaches 35-55℃, sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags and fermentation inoculum are mixed to obtain mixed pile B. Then, mixed pile B is immediately mixed evenly with mixed pile A to obtain mixed pile C. Then, mixed pile C continues to undergo aerobic fermentation. The water content of mixed pile B is 50%-60%. The amount of sugarcane filter mud and mushroom bags used in mixed pile B is the same as that in mixed pile A. The amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B is 60%-70% of the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile A. (3) When the temperature in the mixed pile C reaches 35-55℃, continue aerobic fermentation for 12-24 hours. Then, the mixed pile C is evenly divided into mixed pile D and mixed pile E. Mixed pile D is further aerobically fermented to obtain organic fertilizer. (4) After uniformly mixing the mixed pile E with the mixed pile B prepared in step (2), aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the mixed pile C is treated in the same way as in step (3).

[0005] Furthermore, the fermentation strains include any one or more combinations of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Actinomycetes, and yeast.

[0006] Furthermore, the sugarcane filter mud is the precipitate obtained by filtration during the sugar clarification process, and the water content of the sugarcane filter mud is 45-55%.

[0007] Furthermore, the sugarcane filter mud contains bagasse and sawdust, and the weight ratio of bagasse, sawdust, and sugarcane filter mud is (1-2):(0.5-1):(5-8). Adding appropriate amounts of bagasse and sawdust to the sugarcane filter mud not only adjusts the carbon-nitrogen ratio but also significantly improves the pore structure of the material, solving the problems of viscous and impermeable filter mud.

[0008] Furthermore, in step (2), when the temperature of mixing pile A is 35-45℃, the weight ratio of mixing pile B to mixing pile A is (0.5-0.8):1.

[0009] Furthermore, in step (3), after the mixed pile D continues to ferment for 24-36 hours, when the temperature of the mixed pile D is below 35°C, the mixed pile D is heated. When the temperature of the mixed pile D reaches 35°C, the heating is stopped and aerobic fermentation continues. Ensuring that the mixed material has a certain fermentation temperature is beneficial to promoting fermentation and shortening the fermentation time.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, this technical solution has the following advantages: 1. This invention uses sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags, and fermentation inoculum to form a mixed pile A for fermentation. When the temperature of mixed pile A reaches 35-55℃, the microorganisms in mixed pile A undergo exponential growth and exhibit extremely high activity. Then, a new mixed pile B is made and mixed with it for fermentation. Moreover, the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B can be reduced. When the mixed materials reach 35-55℃, a portion of the fermented material is separated and reserved as raw material for the next batch, while the remaining fermented material continues to ferment into organic fertilizer. By mixing the reserved fermented material with the new material for fermentation, each batch of new material can immediately begin rapid decomposition under optimal microbial conditions, significantly shortening the overall fermentation cycle. This ensures the efficiency of organic fertilizer fermentation production while effectively reducing production costs.

[0011] 2. This invention minimizes the amount of commercial microbial agents used through cyclic inoculation, and relies mainly on the heat generated by fermentation itself during production, thus solving the problem that when the external temperature is low, the temperature of the pile can easily drop due to heat loss, leading to slowed or stopped fermentation. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but these are not intended to limit the invention. Specific experimental conditions and methods not specified in the following examples are generally conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0013] Example 1: A low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) Take sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum and mix them to obtain mixed pile A. The water content of mixed pile A is 55% and the weight ratio of sugarcane filter mud, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum is 30:6:0.006. Mixed pile A is subjected to aerobic fermentation. The fermentation strain is a combination of Bacillus and yeast; the sugarcane filter mud is the precipitate obtained by filtration in the sugar clarification process, and the water content of the sugarcane filter mud is 50%; the sugarcane filter mud contains sugarcane bagasse and sawdust, and the weight ratio of sugarcane bagasse, sawdust and sugarcane filter mud is 1.5:0.8:7. (2) When the temperature of the mixed pile A reaches 50°C, sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags and fermentation inoculum are mixed to obtain mixed pile B. Then, mixed pile B is immediately mixed evenly with mixed pile A to obtain mixed pile C. Then, mixed pile C continues to undergo aerobic fermentation. The water content of mixed pile B is 55%. The amount of sugarcane filter mud and mushroom bags used in mixed pile B is the same as that used in mixed pile A. The amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B is 65% of the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile A. (3) When the temperature in the mixed pile C reaches 48℃, continue aerobic fermentation for 18h. Then, the mixed pile C is evenly divided into mixed pile D and mixed pile E. Mixed pile D continues aerobic fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer. If the temperature of mixed pile D is below 35℃ after 24h of fermentation, mix pile D is heated. When the temperature of mixed pile D reaches 35℃, heating is stopped and aerobic fermentation continues. (4) After uniformly mixing the mixed pile E with the mixed pile B prepared in step (2), aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the mixed pile C is treated in the same way as in step (3).

[0014] Example 2: A low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) Take sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum and mix them to obtain mixed pile A. The water content of mixed pile A is 56% and the weight ratio of sugarcane filter mud, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum is 30:4:0.006. Mixed pile A is subjected to aerobic fermentation. The fermentation strains include Bacillus and Pseudomonas; the sugarcane filter mud is the precipitate obtained by filtration during the sugar clarification process, and the water content of the sugarcane filter mud is 48%; the sugarcane filter mud contains sugarcane bagasse and sawdust, and the weight ratio of sugarcane bagasse, sawdust and sugarcane filter mud is 1.5:0.6:6. (2) When the temperature of the mixed pile A reaches 48°C, sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags and fermentation inoculum are mixed to obtain mixed pile B. Then, mixed pile B is immediately mixed evenly with mixed pile A to obtain mixed pile C. Then, mixed pile C continues to undergo aerobic fermentation. The water content of mixed pile B is 56%. The amount of sugarcane filter mud and mushroom bags used in mixed pile B is the same as that used in mixed pile A. The amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B is 68% of the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile A. (3) When the temperature in the mixed pile C reaches 48℃, continue aerobic fermentation for 20h. Then, the mixed pile C is evenly divided into mixed pile D and mixed pile E. Mixed pile D continues aerobic fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer. If the temperature of mixed pile D is below 35℃ after 36h of fermentation, mix pile D is heated. When the temperature of mixed pile D reaches 35℃, heating is stopped and aerobic fermentation continues. (4) After uniformly mixing the mixed pile E with the mixed pile B prepared in step (2), aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the mixed pile C is treated in the same way as in step (3).

[0015] Example 3: A low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) Take sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum and mix them to obtain mixed pile A. The water content of mixed pile A is 60% and the weight ratio of sugarcane filter mud, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum is 30:10:0.008. Mixed pile A is then subjected to aerobic fermentation. The fermentation strains include Bacillus; the sugarcane filter mud is the precipitate obtained by filtration in the sugar clarification process, and the water content of the sugarcane filter mud is 55%; the sugarcane filter mud contains sugarcane bagasse and sawdust, and the weight ratio of sugarcane bagasse, sawdust and sugarcane filter mud is 2:1:8. (2) When the temperature of the mixed pile A reaches 55℃, sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags and fermentation inoculum are mixed to obtain mixed pile B. Then, mixed pile B is immediately mixed evenly with mixed pile A to obtain mixed pile C. Then, mixed pile C continues to undergo aerobic fermentation. The water content of mixed pile B is 60%. The amount of sugarcane filter mud and mushroom bags used in mixed pile B is the same as that used in mixed pile A. The amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B is 70% of the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile A. (3) When the temperature in the mixed pile C reaches 55℃, continue aerobic fermentation for 12 hours. Then, the mixed pile C is evenly divided into mixed pile D and mixed pile E. Mixed pile D continues aerobic fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer. If the temperature of mixed pile D is below 35℃ after 32 hours of fermentation, mix pile D is heated. When the temperature of mixed pile D reaches 35℃, heating is stopped and aerobic fermentation continues. (4) After uniformly mixing the mixed pile E with the mixed pile B prepared in step (2), aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the mixed pile C is treated in the same way as in step (3).

[0016] Example 4: A low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) Take sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum and mix them to obtain mixed pile A. The water content of mixed pile A is 50% and the weight ratio of sugarcane filter mud, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum is 30:3:0.005. Mixed pile A is then subjected to aerobic fermentation. The fermentation strains include Bacillus, Actinomycetes, and yeast; the sugarcane filter mud is the precipitate obtained by filtration during the sugar clarification process, and the water content of the sugarcane filter mud is 45%; the sugarcane filter mud contains sugarcane bagasse and sawdust, and the weight ratio of sugarcane bagasse, sawdust, and sugarcane filter mud is 1:0.5:5. (2) When the temperature of the mixed pile A reaches 35°C, sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags and fermentation inoculum are mixed to obtain mixed pile B. Then, immediately, mixed pile B and mixed pile A are mixed evenly according to the weight ratio of mixed pile B to mixed pile A of 0.5:1 to obtain mixed pile C. Then, mixed pile C is further subjected to aerobic fermentation. The water content of mixed pile B is 50%. The amount of sugarcane filter mud and mushroom bags used in mixed pile B is the same as that in mixed pile A. The amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B is 70% of the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile A. (3) When the temperature in the mixed pile C reaches 35℃, continue aerobic fermentation for 24 hours. Then, the mixed pile C is evenly divided into mixed pile D and mixed pile E. Mixed pile D continues aerobic fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer. If the temperature of mixed pile D is below 35℃ after 24 hours of fermentation, mixed pile D is heated. When the temperature of mixed pile D reaches 35℃, heating is stopped and aerobic fermentation continues. (4) After uniformly mixing the mixed pile E with the mixed pile B prepared in step (2), aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the mixed pile C is treated in the same way as in step (3).

[0017] Example 5: A low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) Take sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum and mix them to obtain mixed pile A. The water content of mixed pile A is 55% and the weight ratio of sugarcane filter mud, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum is 30:8:0.006. Mixed pile A is then subjected to aerobic fermentation. The fermentation strains include Bacillus, Actinomycetes and yeast; the sugarcane filter mud is the precipitate obtained by filtration in the sugar clarification process, and the moisture content of the sugarcane filter mud is 45-55%; the sugarcane filter mud contains sugarcane bagasse and sawdust, and the weight ratio of sugarcane bagasse, sawdust and sugarcane filter mud is 1.8:0.8:6. (2) When the temperature of the mixed pile A reaches 45℃, sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags and fermentation inoculum are mixed to obtain mixed pile B. Then, immediately, mixed pile B and mixed pile A are mixed evenly according to the weight ratio of mixed pile B to mixed pile A of 0.8:1 to obtain mixed pile C. Then, mixed pile C continues to undergo aerobic fermentation. The water content of mixed pile B is 55%. The amount of sugarcane filter mud and mushroom bags used in mixed pile B is the same as that in mixed pile A. The amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B is 60% of the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile A. (3) When the temperature in the mixed pile C reaches 45℃, continue aerobic fermentation for 24 hours. Then, the mixed pile C is evenly divided into mixed pile D and mixed pile E. Mixed pile D continues aerobic fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer. If the temperature of mixed pile D is below 35℃ after 24 hours of fermentation, mix pile D is heated. When the temperature of mixed pile D reaches 35℃, heating is stopped and aerobic fermentation continues. (4) After uniformly mixing the mixed pile E with the mixed pile B prepared in step (2), aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the mixed pile C is treated in the same way as in step (3).

[0018] Experimental example: Organic fertilizer was prepared at room temperature of 16℃ according to the method described in Example 1. Mixed pile A and mixed pile B were used as controls for fermentation to prepare organic fertilizer. The time it took for the fermented material to reach the qualified standard of organic fertilizer was recorded. The specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0019] Table 1. Time required to reach organic fertilizer qualification standards when using different fermentation methods to prepare organic fertilizer

[0020] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A low-cost, rapid fermentation method for producing organic fertilizer, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Take sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum and mix them to obtain mixed pile A. The water content of mixed pile A is 50% to 60% and the weight ratio of sugarcane filter mud, mushroom bag and fermentation inoculum is 30: (3 to 10): (0.005 to 0.008). Mixed pile A is then subjected to aerobic fermentation. (2) When the temperature of the mixed pile A reaches 35-55℃, sugarcane filter mud, water, mushroom bags and fermentation inoculum are mixed to obtain mixed pile B. Then, mixed pile B is immediately mixed evenly with mixed pile A to obtain mixed pile C. Then, mixed pile C continues to undergo aerobic fermentation. The water content of mixed pile B is 50%-60%. The amount of sugarcane filter mud and mushroom bags used in mixed pile B is the same as that in mixed pile A. The amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile B is 60%-70% of the amount of fermentation inoculum used in mixed pile A. (3) When the temperature in the mixed pile C reaches 35-55℃, continue aerobic fermentation for 12-24 hours. Then, the mixed pile C is evenly divided into mixed pile D and mixed pile E. Mixed pile D is further aerobically fermented to obtain organic fertilizer. (4) After uniformly mixing the mixed pile E with the mixed pile B prepared in step (2), aerobic fermentation is carried out, and the mixed pile C is treated in the same way as in step (3).

2. The method for low-cost, rapid fermentation production of organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation strains include any one or more combinations of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Actinomycetes, and yeast.

3. The method for producing organic fertilizer through low-cost rapid fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sugarcane filter mud is the precipitate obtained by filtration during the sugar clarification process, and the water content of the sugarcane filter mud is 45-55%.

4. The method for producing organic fertilizer through low-cost rapid fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sugarcane filter mud contains sugarcane bagasse and sawdust, and the weight ratio of sugarcane bagasse, sawdust and sugarcane filter mud is (1-2):(0.5-1):(5-8).

5. The method for producing organic fertilizer by low-cost rapid fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), when the temperature of mixing pile A is 35-45℃, the weight ratio of mixing pile B to mixing pile A is (0.5-0.8):

1.

6. The method for producing organic fertilizer by low-cost rapid fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), after the mixed pile D continues to ferment for 24h to 36h, when the temperature of the mixed pile D is below 35℃, the mixed pile D is heated. When the temperature of the mixed pile D reaches 35℃, the heating is stopped and aerobic fermentation continues.

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