Instant full-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof
By constructing a multi-network synergistic modification structure on the surface of the all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles, the problems of excessively rapid nutrient release and low utilization rate of fast-dissolving all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizers are solved, achieving rapid dissolution and stable release, and improving the overall performance of the fertilizer.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QINGDAO YIBAINONG FERTILIZER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizers release nutrients too quickly, have low utilization rates, and are difficult to regulate nutrient stability. Traditional modification methods cannot balance fast solubility with stable nutrient release.
A polyphenol-quinone amine interface layer was constructed on the surface of the all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles and solidified through a metal-polyphenol coordination structure. Combined with dynamic borate ester bonds and silicon-oxygen bridging network structure, a multi-network synergistic modification was formed. Quercetin was added as an organic small molecule functional regulator to form a stable interface synergistic modification structure.
This technology enables fertilizers to dissolve rapidly in a water-soluble environment while maintaining stable regulation of nutrient release behavior, thereby improving nutrient utilization, fertilizer stability, and crop growth.
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Figure CN122010633A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilizer technology, specifically relating to a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Water-soluble fertilizers are a type of fertilizer that can be completely or substantially dissolved in water and applied through methods such as sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. They have advantages such as high nutrient utilization, convenient application, and rapid effects, and are widely used in facility agriculture, cash crop cultivation, and modern precision agriculture. Among them, complete nutrient water-soluble fertilizers are usually formulated with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements in a certain proportion, which can provide crops with comprehensive nutrients in a short time. Therefore, they are widely used in fruit and vegetable cultivation, flower cultivation, and cash crop production.
[0003] However, most existing fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizers are simple physical mixtures of various inorganic nutrient salts. After application to the soil, these fertilizers are prone to rapid nutrient dissolution and migration, leading to reduced nutrient utilization and potential problems such as soil salt accumulation and nutrient leaching. Traditional water-soluble fertilizer systems typically lack structural regulation of the fertilizer particle surface, making it difficult for the fertilizer to form a stable microstructure in the water-soluble environment, thus hindering effective control over nutrient release behavior.
[0004] To address these issues, existing technologies typically modify fertilizers using coatings, slow-release materials, or inorganic carriers. However, these methods often reduce the fertilizer's dissolution rate, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve both rapid solubility and stable nutrient release. Furthermore, some modification methods have simple structures and limited interfacial control over the fertilizer matrix, hindering significant improvements in the fertilizer's overall performance.
[0005] Therefore, developing a fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizer that can maintain its rapid solubility while synergistically modifying the matrix of the fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizer through the construction of a stable interfacial structure, thereby improving nutrient utilization and fertilizer stability, is of great research significance and application value. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To overcome the technical problems of excessively rapid nutrient release, low utilization rate, and difficulty in achieving stable nutrient control due to the simple interfacial structure of fertilizer particles in existing fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizers, the present invention aims to provide a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method. The present invention constructs a polyphenol-quinone amine interfacial layer on the surface of the fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles and solidifies it through a metal-polyphenol coordination structure. Simultaneously, it further introduces dynamic borate ester bond structures, silicon-oxygen bridging network structures, and host-guest inclusion structures for multi-network synergistic modification, and combines quercetin as an organic small molecule functional regulator, enabling the fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer matrix to form a stable interfacial synergistic modification structure system, thereby obtaining a water-soluble fertilizer with good fast dissolution performance and stable nutrient release characteristics. By constructing a multi-network synergistic interfacial modification structure, the present invention achieves stable control of nutrient release behavior while maintaining the rapid dissolution characteristics of the fertilizer, thereby improving fertilizer utilization efficiency.
[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-95 parts of a synergistically modified fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer matrix, 0.2-4 parts of an organic small molecule functional regulator, 0.2-3 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.5-4 parts of potassium humate, 0.5-4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.2-3 parts of sodium alginate, and 0.2-2 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; wherein the organic small molecule functional regulator is quercetin; and the synergistically modified fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer matrix is composed of potassium nitrate and diphosphate... The main material is a water-soluble fertilizer matrix composed of potassium hydrogen, urea and magnesium sulfate. Tannic acid and dopamine are introduced sequentially on the surface of the particles to construct a polyphenol-quinone amine interface layer, which is then solidified by metal-polyphenol coordination with ferric chloride. Then, dynamic borate ester bonds are formed in situ by catechol and 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, and a silicon-oxygen bridging network is constructed by hydrolysis and polycondensation of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. At the same time, the synergistic modification of multiple networks is achieved by using β-cyclodextrin and adamantane to form a host-guest locked structure.
[0008] Optionally, the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-45 parts potassium nitrate, 15-30 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-25 parts urea, 5-15 parts magnesium sulfate, 0.5-5 parts tannic acid, 0.2-3 parts dopamine, 0.1-2 parts ferric chloride, 0.5-4 parts catechol, 0.5-4 parts 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, 0.5-5 parts N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.5-5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.2-3 parts adamantane.
[0009] Optionally, the preparation method of the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix includes the following steps: (1) Potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and magnesium sulfate are mixed and granulated to obtain all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix granules; (2) Tannic acid, dopamine and ferric chloride are mixed to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface modification solution, and the all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles are added to it for interface modification treatment to obtain modified matrix particles with metal-polyphenol coordination structure on the surface. (3) Catechol, 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, β-cyclodextrin and adamantane are mixed to form a composite modification liquid, and the modified matrix particles are added to the composite modification liquid for treatment to obtain a synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix.
[0010] Optionally, the reaction conditions in step (1) are to mix the mixture at 40-70°C and obtain the full-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles by spray granulation.
[0011] Optionally, the reaction conditions in step (2) are to stir the reaction for 10 to 60 minutes at pH 7.5 to 9.0 and to impregnate the all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles for 0.5 to 3 hours.
[0012] Optionally, the reaction conditions in step (3) are to stir the reaction at 30-80°C for 0.5-4 h, and then treat the modified particles for 0.5-3 h before solid-liquid separation and drying.
[0013] Optionally, a method for preparing a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer includes the following steps: S1, the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix is crushed or granulated to make its particle size uniform. S2, Quercetin, polyaspartic acid, potassium humate, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium alginate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate are added to the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix and mixed to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3 involves granulating or spray-drying the fertilizer mixture to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich, water-soluble fertilizer.
[0014] Optionally, the reaction conditions in step S1 are to perform pulverization at 20–40°C and control the particle size to be 0.2–1.5 mm.
[0015] Optionally, the reaction conditions for step S2 are: stirring and mixing at 200–600 r / min for 20–60 min at 20–50 °C.
[0016] Optionally, the reaction conditions for step S3 are spray granulation or fluidized bed granulation, and drying at 50–90°C for 10–60 min.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention constructs a polyphenol-quinone amine interface layer, a metal-polyphenol coordination structure, a dynamic borate ester bond structure, a silicon-oxygen bridging network structure, and a host-guest inclusion structure formed by β-cyclodextrin and adamantaneamine sequentially on the surface of all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles. This results in a stable, synergistically modified interface layer with multi-scale structural features on the fertilizer particle surface. Specifically, the polyphenol-metal coordination structure significantly enhances the structural stability of the interface layer and improves its interfacial binding capacity to nutrient particles; the dynamic borate ester bond structure imparts a certain degree of reversible adjustment capability to the interface network; and the silicon-oxygen bridging network further enhances… The water resistance of the interface layer is improved, while the host-guest inclusion structure forms a spatial locking effect at the microscale, thus forming a stable microscale complex structure during fertilizer dissolution. At the same time, quercetin, as an organic small molecule functional regulator, can participate in the hydrogen bonding of the interface network through its polyhydroxy structure and regulate the stability of the interface structure. This allows the fertilizer to maintain rapid dissolution characteristics in the water-soluble environment, and also to play a certain regulatory role in the nutrient migration and release process. This achieves unexpected technical effects such as improving nutrient utilization, reducing nutrient leaching, and improving the stability of the rhizosphere environment. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 A comparison of the infrared spectra of a fully nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix and a synergistically modified fully nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the performance test results of samples with different ratios. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Equivalent adjustments made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention should also be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0021] Example 1: The purpose of this example is to verify that even when the dosage of each component and the reaction conditions are within a low range, the instant-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention can still form a stable synergistic modified structure and maintain good instant solubility.
[0022] S1, Preparation of synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix 25 parts potassium nitrate, 15 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts urea, and 5 parts magnesium sulfate were added to a mixing device and mixed at 40°C. The mixture was then spray-granulated to obtain a fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizer matrix particle. Subsequently, 0.5 parts tannic acid, 0.2 parts dopamine, and 0.1 parts ferric chloride were mixed to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface modification solution. This solution was stirred and reacted at pH 7.5 for 10 minutes, and the fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizer matrix particle was then impregnated for 0.5 hours to form a metal-polyphenol coordination structure on the particle surface. Then, 0.5 parts catechol, 0.5 parts 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, 0.5 parts N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.2 parts adamantaneamine were mixed to form a composite modification solution. This solution was stirred and reacted at 30°C for 0.5 hours, and the modified matrix particle was then added to the composite modification solution for 0.5 hours of treatment. After h, solid-liquid separation and drying were performed to obtain the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix; S2, Mixed functional components At 20℃, 60 parts of the synergistic modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix obtained in step S1, 0.2 parts of quercetin, 0.2 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.5 parts of potassium humate, 0.5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.2 parts of sodium alginate, and 0.2 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were added to a mixing device and stirred at 200 r / min for 20 min to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3, Granulation and Drying The fertilizer mixture was treated by spray granulation and dried at 50°C for 10 min to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer.
[0023] Example 2: The purpose of this example is to verify that the structural stability and overall performance of the fertilizer system of the present invention are optimal when all components and reaction conditions are within the recommended median range.
[0024] S1, Preparation of synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix 35 parts potassium nitrate, 22 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts urea, and 10 parts magnesium sulfate were added to a mixing device and mixed at 55°C. The mixture was then spray-granulated to obtain a fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix. Subsequently, 2.5 parts tannic acid, 1.5 parts dopamine, and 1 part ferric chloride were mixed to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at pH 8.0 for 35 minutes, and the fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix was then impregnated for 1.5 hours to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface layer on the surface of the particles. Then, 2 parts catechol, 2 parts 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, 2.5 parts N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 1.5 parts adamantane were mixed to form a composite modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at 55°C for 2 hours, and the modified matrix particles were added to the composite modification solution and treated for 1.5 hours. Solid-liquid separation and drying were then performed to obtain a synergistically modified fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix. Figure 1 The infrared spectral comparison shows that the unmodified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix exhibits a weak O–H stretching vibration peak near 3400 cm⁻¹, and obvious P–O and PO₄³⁻ characteristic absorption peaks near 1100 cm⁻¹ and 960 cm⁻¹, mainly due to the phosphate nutrient salt structure. After synergistic modification, the O–H absorption peak at 3400 cm⁻¹ is significantly enhanced, indicating the introduction of hydroxyl-containing structures such as polyphenols and cyclodextrins into the system. New absorption peaks appear near 2920 cm⁻¹ and 1510 cm⁻¹, corresponding to C–H stretching vibrations and aromatic ring skeleton vibrations in the organic structure. At the same time, new characteristic peaks appear near 920 cm⁻¹ and 800 cm⁻¹, which are attributed to B–O–C vibrations and Si–O–Si vibrations, respectively, indicating the formation of borate ester structures and silicon-oxygen bridging network structures in the system. The changes in the above characteristic peaks indicate that multiple functional components have been successfully introduced into the fertilizer matrix surface, achieving synergistic modification of the all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix. S2, Mixed functional components At 35℃, 80 parts of the synergistic modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix obtained in step S1, 2 parts of quercetin, 1.5 parts of polyaspartic acid, 2.5 parts of potassium humate, 2.5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate and 1 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were added to a mixing device and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3, Granulation and Drying The fertilizer mixture was processed by fluidized bed granulation and dried at 70℃ for 30 min to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer.
[0025] Example 3: The purpose of this example is to verify that, under conditions where the dosage of each component and the reaction conditions are within a high range, the system of the present invention can still stably form a synergistic modified structure and maintain good rapid solubility.
[0026] S1, Preparation of synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix 45 parts potassium nitrate, 30 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts urea, and 15 parts magnesium sulfate were added to a mixing device and mixed at 70°C. The mixture was then spray-granulated to obtain a fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix. Subsequently, 5 parts tannic acid, 3 parts dopamine, and 2 parts ferric chloride were mixed to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at pH 9.0 for 60 min, and the fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix was then impregnated for 3 h to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface layer on the particle surface. Then, 4 parts catechol, 4 parts 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, 5 parts N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 3 parts adamantane were mixed to form a composite modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at 80°C for 4 h, and the modified matrix particles were added to the composite modification solution for 3 h. After solid-liquid separation and drying, a synergistically modified fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix was obtained. S2, Mixed functional components At 50℃, 95 parts of the synergistic modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix obtained in step S1, 4 parts of quercetin, 3 parts of polyaspartic acid, 4 parts of potassium humate, 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 3 parts of sodium alginate and 2 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were added to a mixing device and stirred at 600 r / min for 60 min to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3, Granulation and Drying The fertilizer mixture was spray-granulated and dried at 90°C for 60 min to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich, water-soluble fertilizer.
[0027] Comparative Example 1: The purpose of this comparative example is to verify the impact on the structural stability of fertilizer systems when only a single metal-polyphenol interface modification structure is used without constructing a multi-network synergistic modification structure.
[0028] S1, Preparation of modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix 35 parts potassium nitrate, 22 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts urea, and 10 parts magnesium sulfate were added to a mixing device and mixed at 55°C. The mixture was then spray-granulated to obtain all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles. Subsequently, 2.5 parts tannic acid, 1.5 parts dopamine, and 1 part ferric chloride were mixed to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at pH 8.0 for 35 minutes. The all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles were then impregnated for 1.5 hours to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface layer on the particle surface. Solid-liquid separation and drying were then performed to obtain a single-modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix. S2, Mixed functional components At 35℃, 80 parts of the single modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix obtained in step S1, 2 parts of quercetin, 1.5 parts of polyaspartic acid, 2.5 parts of potassium humate, 2.5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate and 1 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were added to a mixing device and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3, Granulation and Drying The fertilizer mixture was processed by fluidized bed granulation and dried at 70℃ for 30 min to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer.
[0029] Comparative Example 2: The purpose of this comparative example is to verify the effect on the structural stability of fertilizer when only dynamic borate ester bond structure and silicon-oxygen bridging structure are used for single modification without constructing polyphenol-metal interface layer.
[0030] S1, Preparation of modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix 35 parts of potassium nitrate, 22 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts of urea, and 10 parts of magnesium sulfate were added to a mixing device and mixed at 55°C. The mixture was then spray-granulated to obtain all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles. Subsequently, 2 parts of catechol, 2 parts of 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, 2.5 parts of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2.5 parts of β-cyclodextrin, and 1.5 parts of adamantane were mixed to form a composite modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at 55°C for 2 h. The all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles were then added to the composite modification solution and treated for 1.5 h. Solid-liquid separation and drying were then performed to obtain a single-modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix. S2, Mixed functional components At 35℃, 80 parts of the single modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix obtained in step S1, 2 parts of quercetin, 1.5 parts of polyaspartic acid, 2.5 parts of potassium humate, 2.5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate and 1 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were added to a mixing device and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3, Granulation and Drying The fertilizer mixture was processed by fluidized bed granulation and dried at 70℃ for 30 min to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer.
[0031] Comparative Example 3: The purpose of this comparative example is to verify the effect of not adding organic small molecule functional regulators on the structural stability and overall performance of fertilizer system.
[0032] S1, Preparation of synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix 35 parts potassium nitrate, 22 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts urea, and 10 parts magnesium sulfate were added to a mixing device and mixed at 55°C. The mixture was then spray-granulated to obtain a fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix. Subsequently, 2.5 parts tannic acid, 1.5 parts dopamine, and 1 part ferric chloride were mixed to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at pH 8.0 for 35 minutes, and the fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix was then impregnated for 1.5 hours to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface layer on the surface of the particles. Then, 2 parts catechol, 2 parts 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, 2.5 parts N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 1.5 parts adamantane were mixed to form a composite modification solution. The solution was stirred and reacted at 55°C for 2 hours, and the modified matrix particles were added to the composite modification solution and treated for 1.5 hours. Solid-liquid separation and drying were then performed to obtain a synergistically modified fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix. S2, Mixed functional components At 35℃, 80 parts of the synergistic modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix obtained in step S1, 1.5 parts of polyaspartic acid, 2.5 parts of potassium humate, 2.5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate and 1 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were added to a mixing device and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3, Granulation and Drying The fertilizer mixture was processed by fluidized bed granulation and dried at 70℃ for 30 min to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer.
[0033] Performance testing: 1. Water dissolution rate test method Take 10 g of each of the fast-dissolving, all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer samples obtained in the examples and comparative examples, and add them to a 1000 mL beaker containing 500 mL of deionized water. Stir magnetically at a constant temperature of 25℃ and a stirring speed of 300 r / min. Start timing from the moment the fertilizer sample is added to the water, observe the dissolution of the fertilizer particles, and record the time required for complete dissolution and the absence of any visible solid particles in the solution. Simultaneously observe the solution transparency and the presence of insoluble matter or precipitate to evaluate the fertilizer's solubility. Each sample is tested three times, and the average of the three results is taken as the final test result.
[0034] 2. Nutrient Release Performance Test Method Take 5 g of each fertilizer sample obtained from the examples and comparative examples, add them to an Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL of deionized water, and perform isothermal shaking treatment at 25℃ with a shaking speed set to 150 r / min. Take a certain amount of solution at 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h respectively, filter it to obtain the filtrate to be tested. Determine the nitrogen content in the filtrate by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, determine the phosphorus content by molybdenum antimony colorimetric method, and determine the potassium content by flame photometry. Calculate the nutrient release rate at each time point to plot the nutrient release curve to evaluate the nutrient release stability of different samples.
[0035] 3. Test methods for particle structure stability Take 50 g of fertilizer samples from the examples and comparative examples, and store them in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃ and 75% relative humidity for 7 days. Observe the samples regularly to see if they absorb moisture and clump together. After the test, take samples for particle compressive strength testing. Use a particle strength tester to determine the pressure required for particle breakage, and determine the particle integrity rate by standard sieving method. That is, sieve the sample through a 1.0 mm sieve and count the ratio of the mass of particles on the sieve to the total mass of the sample to evaluate the structural stability and storage stability of the fertilizer particles.
[0036] 4. Test methods for crop growth promoting effects Lettuce seedlings with uniform growth were selected as experimental subjects and transplanted into 20 cm diameter plastic pots. Each pot was filled with 3 kg of substrate soil. A randomized block design was used to set up an example fertilizer group, each comparative fertilizer group, and a blank control group, with three replicates for each group. The fertilizer was dissolved and applied to the roots at the same nutrient application rate, and the plants were cultured for 30 days under the same light, temperature, and water conditions. During the culture period, plant height and leaf number were measured every 10 days. At the end of the experiment, the fresh weight and dry weight of the above-ground parts of the plants were measured. The difference in growth indicators among the different treatment groups was compared to evaluate the promoting effect of fertilizer on crop growth.
[0037] Table 1 Performance test results of fast-dissolving, complete nutrient water-soluble fertilizer
[0038] According to Table 1 and Figure 2As shown, the quick-dissolving, fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizers obtained in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples exhibit significant differences in solubility, nutrient release performance, particle structure stability, and crop growth promotion effect. Specifically, the complete dissolution times of Examples 1-3 were 68 s, 52 s, and 60 s, respectively, all significantly lower than the 95 s, 102 s, and 84 s of the comparative examples 1-3. This indicates that the multi-network synergistic modification of the fully nutritious water-soluble fertilizer matrix significantly improves the dispersion and dissolution capacity of fertilizer particles in water. Example 2, in particular, exhibited the shortest complete dissolution time, demonstrating that the interface modification structure formed under the median ratio conditions is more uniform and stable, which is beneficial for improving the quick-dissolution performance of the fertilizer.
[0039] Regarding nutrient release performance, the nutrient release rates of Examples 1-3 were 82.3%, 88.6%, and 85.7%, respectively, all higher than the 71.2%, 68.5%, and 75.6% of Comparative Examples 1-3. Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which used only a single modification method, had significantly lower nutrient release rates than the Examples, indicating that single structural modification is insufficient to effectively regulate the interfacial structure and nutrient migration behavior of fertilizer particles. In contrast, the Examples, by constructing a multi-network synergistic modification system including polyphenol-metal coordination structures, dynamic borate ester structures, silicon-oxygen bridging structures, and host-guest locking structures, enabled fertilizer particles to form stable microscale structures during dissolution, thereby achieving more stable nutrient release characteristics.
[0040] Regarding particle structure stability, the compressive strengths of the particles in Examples 1-3 reached 26.8 N, 31.5 N, and 29.7 N, respectively, all significantly higher than the 20.6 N, 19.2 N, and 23.1 N of Comparative Examples 1-3. This indicates that the multi-network synergistic modification structure can significantly enhance the interfacial bonding ability of fertilizer particles, improve particle mechanical strength, and thus improve the structural stability of fertilizer during storage and transportation. Among them, the particle compressive strength of Example 2 was the highest, indicating that the interfacial structure formed under the median ratio conditions was more stable.
[0041] Regarding the crop growth-promoting effect, when lettuce was used as the test subject, the aboveground fresh weight of the treatment groups in Examples 1-3 were 46.8 g, 53.6 g, and 49.5 g, respectively, all significantly higher than the 39.2 g, 37.5 g, and 42.6 g of the comparative examples 1-3. In particular, the crop growth-promoting effect of comparative example 3, without the addition of the organic small molecule functional regulator, was significantly lower than that of the examples, indicating that quercetin, as an organic small molecule functional regulator, can participate in interfacial structure regulation and improve the effect of fertilizer in the rhizosphere environment, thereby enhancing crop growth performance.
[0042] In summary, this invention constructs a multi-network synergistic modification interface layer on the surface of a fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizer matrix by building polyphenol-metal coordination structures, dynamic borate ester structures, silicon-oxygen bridging structures, and host-guest locking structures. Combined with quercetin as an organic small molecule functional regulator, this significantly improves nutrient release stability, particle structure strength, and crop growth promotion effect while maintaining good quick-dissolving properties. Among these, Example 2 shows the best performance in all performance indicators, demonstrating that the synergistic modification system of this invention has significant comprehensive performance advantages.
Claims
1. A fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that, The fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-95 parts of synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix, 0.2-4 parts of organic small molecule functional regulator, 0.2-3 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.5-4 parts of potassium humate, 0.5-4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.2-3 parts of sodium alginate, and 0.2-2 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; wherein the organic small molecule functional regulator is quercetin; the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix is composed of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, and... Magnesium sulfate-based all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix is used as the main material. Tannic acid and dopamine are sequentially introduced onto the surface of the particles to construct a polyphenol-quinone amine interface layer, which is then solidified by metal-polyphenol coordination with ferric chloride. Dynamic borate ester bonds are then formed in situ by catechol and 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, and a silicon-oxygen bridging network is constructed through hydrolysis and condensation of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. At the same time, β-cyclodextrin and adamantane form a host-guest locked structure to achieve multi-network synergistic modification.
2. The fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-45 parts potassium nitrate, 15-30 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-25 parts urea, 5-15 parts magnesium sulfate, 0.5-5 parts tannic acid, 0.2-3 parts dopamine, 0.1-2 parts ferric chloride, 0.5-4 parts catechol, 0.5-4 parts 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, 0.5-5 parts N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.5-5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.2-3 parts adamantane.
3. A fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix includes the following steps: (1) Potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and magnesium sulfate are mixed and granulated to obtain all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix granules; (2) Tannic acid, dopamine and ferric chloride are mixed to form a metal-polyphenol coordination interface modification solution, and the all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles are added to it for interface modification treatment to obtain modified matrix particles with metal-polyphenol coordination structure on the surface. (3) Catechol, 4-vinylphenylboronic acid, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, β-cyclodextrin and adamantane are mixed to form a composite modification liquid, and the modified matrix particles are added to the composite modification liquid for treatment to obtain a synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix.
4. The fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reaction conditions for step (1) are to mix the mixture at 40-70°C and obtain the full-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles by spray granulation.
5. The fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reaction conditions for step (2) are: stirring reaction for 10 to 60 min at pH 7.5 to 9.0, and soaking the all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix particles for 0.5 to 3 h.
6. The fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reaction conditions for step (3) are: stirring reaction at 30-80℃ for 0.5-4 h, followed by solid-liquid separation and drying after treating the modified particles for 0.5-3 h.
7. A method for preparing a fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1, the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix is crushed or granulated to make its particle size uniform. S2, Quercetin, polyaspartic acid, potassium humate, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium alginate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate are added to the synergistically modified all-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer matrix and mixed to obtain a uniform fertilizer mixture. S3 involves granulating or spray-drying the fertilizer mixture to obtain a fast-dissolving, fully nutrient-rich, water-soluble fertilizer.
8. The method for preparing a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reaction conditions for step S1 are as follows: the pulverization process is carried out at 20-40°C, and the particle size is controlled to be 0.2-1.5 mm.
9. The method for preparing a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reaction conditions for step S2 are: stirring and mixing at 200-600 r / min for 20-60 min at 20-50℃.
10. The method for preparing a fast-dissolving, fully nutritious, water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reaction conditions for step S3 are spray granulation or fluidized bed granulation, and drying at 50-90°C for 10-60 min.