Anti-corrosion POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) packaging adhesive film for damp and hot salt mist and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module packaging materials, and particularly relates to an anti-corrosion POE packaging adhesive film for damp and hot salt mist and a preparation method of the anti-corrosion POE packaging adhesive film, raw materials of the anti-corrosion POE packaging adhesive film comprise the following components: a polyolefin elastomer, an inorganic anti-corrosion auxiliary agent, an organic anti-corrosion auxiliary agent, an antioxidant, an anti-PID auxiliary agent, a silane coupling agent and a free radical cross-linking agent; wherein the inorganic anti-corrosion additive comprises one or more of magnesium oxide, nano magnesium hydroxide, nano calcium hydroxide, nano silicon dioxide, magnesium silicate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate and the like; the organic anti-corrosion additive comprises one or more of organophosphate, fatty acid ester, polyaspartic acid, epoxy resin, a silane coupling agent, organic montmorillonite, polyamide, polyether, polyester, polyquaternium, acrylamide, polyacrylate and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic module encapsulation material technology, specifically relating to a corrosion-resistant POE encapsulation film for humid heat and salt spray and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As a key encapsulation material for photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic encapsulant film not only needs to have excellent adhesion, sealing and optical performance, but also needs to maintain stable corrosion resistance during long-term outdoor use to protect the cells from environmental factors (such as water vapor, oxygen, ultraviolet rays, temperature changes, etc.) that could lead to grid line corrosion, cell blackening and other problems.

[0003] Currently, the corrosion resistance of photovoltaic (PV) films is mainly achieved through the introduction of organic and inorganic anti-corrosion additives and particles. Organic anti-corrosion additives (such as polyetheramines and organosilanes) typically form a dense protective film through chemical reactions with the cell surface, thereby reducing the permeation rate of water vapor and oxygen. However, organic additives are prone to chemical degradation under long-term high temperature and humidity conditions, leading to a gradual loss of their anti-corrosion properties. A single organic additive cannot simultaneously provide both physical barrier and chemical protection, limiting the overall performance improvement of the film. On the other hand, inorganic anti-corrosion particles (such as nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-silica) have been widely studied for improving the corrosion resistance of PV films due to their excellent physical barrier properties. However, the surface modification effect of inorganic particles is limited, and the interfacial bonding strength is insufficient, leading to particle aggregation in the matrix, affecting the uniformity and stability of the material. The construction of the dynamic cross-linking system is imperfect, and the film may still exhibit insufficient chemical resistance and weather resistance during long-term use. Some inorganic particles may migrate or decompose under high temperature or light conditions, causing a gradual decline in corrosion resistance over time.

[0004] Based on the above analysis, it is difficult to achieve comprehensive and stable anti-corrosion performance under complex environmental conditions (such as high temperature and humidity, strong ultraviolet radiation, temperature cycling, etc.) by using organic anti-corrosion additives or inorganic anti-corrosion particles alone in the existing technology.

[0005] By combining organic and inorganic anti-corrosion additives, their synergistic effect can be fully utilized, thereby significantly improving the overall performance of photovoltaic films. However, in practical applications, the problem of poor long-term stability still exists. The organic and inorganic additives lose their binding effect in humid, hot, and salt spray environments, eventually leading to film aging.

[0006] Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of insufficient corrosion resistance of organic and inorganic anti-corrosion additives in humid and hot salt spray environments has become a key technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of photovoltaic packaging materials.

[0007] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute prior art information. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This disclosure provides at least one anti-corrosion POE encapsulating film for use in damp heat and salt spray conditions, and a method for preparing the same.

[0009] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a POE encapsulation film, the raw materials of which include the following components: polyolefin elastomer, inorganic anti-corrosion additives, organic anti-corrosion additives, antioxidants, anti-PID additives, silane coupling agents, and free radical crosslinking agents; wherein, the inorganic anti-corrosion additives include one or more of magnesium oxide, nano magnesium hydroxide, nano calcium hydroxide, magnesium silicate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and zinc stearate; the organic anti-corrosion additives include one or more of organophosphates, fatty acid esters, polyaspartic acid, epoxy resin, polyamide, polyether, polyester, polyquaternium salt, acrylamide, and polyacrylate; and the POE encapsulation film includes a three-dimensional network structure formed by crosslinking the organic anti-corrosion additives and the polyolefin elastomer, the three-dimensional network structure further including a passivation film formed by complexing the organic anti-corrosion additives and the inorganic anti-corrosion additives.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the organic corrosion inhibitor is at least one of polyquaternium salt, acrylamide, polyaspartic acid, and epoxy resin.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the organic corrosion inhibitor is a combination of polyquaternium salt and acrylamide.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the polyolefin elastomer comprises a copolymer of ethylene and butene, ethylene and hexene, ethylene and octene, and at least one of ethylene and an α-olefin containing more than 20% by mass; the melt flow rate of the polyolefin elastomer is 3 to 25 g / 10 min.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the antioxidant comprises any one or a combination of several of the following: tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite, tris(4-nonylphenol) phosphite, and pentaerythritol dioctadecanyl phosphite.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the anti-PID additive includes any one or a combination of several of pentaerythritol acrylate ethoxylate, acrylate oligomers, functionalized acrylate oligomers, and modified pentaerythritol tetraacrylate ethoxylate.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, the silane coupling agent comprises any one or a combination of several of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriperoxytert-butylsilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, or vinyltri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, the free radical crosslinking agent includes any one or a combination of several of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, or diethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0017] Secondly, this disclosure also provides a method for preparing the POE encapsulation film as described above, comprising: mixing the raw materials at high speed, and co-extruding and casting them at 90±5°C using a screw extruder to obtain the POE encapsulation film.

[0018] Thirdly, this disclosure also provides a photovoltaic module that uses the POE encapsulation film as described above.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are that the anti-corrosion POE encapsulation film for humid and hot salt spray conditions forms a dense three-dimensional network structure through the cross-linking reaction of organic anti-corrosion additives and polyolefin elastomers, which can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and chemical corrosion resistance of the material. In addition, the long molecular chains that do not participate in the reaction can also entangle with the POE molecular chains to capture free ions and prevent their precipitation. At the same time, the passivation film formed by the complexation of metal ions in the organic and inorganic anti-corrosion additives can effectively prevent the penetration of water vapor and oxygen. In summary, the above multi-layer protection system effectively inhibits the release of acidic substances in humid and hot salt spray environments, alleviates the corrosion of the grid lines on the battery surface by metal ions, and avoids the occurrence of blackening of the battery cells.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 The initial EL image (left) and the aging image (right) of PCT144 aging provided for the embodiments of this disclosure in Example 1; Figure 2 The initial DH aging EL diagram (left) and DH200 diagram (right) of Embodiment 1 provided for the present disclosure. Figure 3 The initial EL image (left) and the aging image (right) of PCT144 aging provided for Embodiment 2 of this disclosure; Figure 4 The initial DH aging EL diagram (left) and DH200 diagram (right) of Embodiment 2 provided for the present disclosure. Figure 5 The initial aging EL image (left) and the aging image (right) of PCT144 aging provided for the embodiments of this disclosure in Example 3; Figure 6 The initial DH aging EL diagram (left) and DH200 diagram (right) of Embodiment 3 provided for the present disclosure. Figure 7 The initial aging EL image (left) and the aging image (right) of PCT144 provided for embodiment 4 of this disclosure. Figure 8 The initial DH aging EL diagram (left) and DH200 diagram (right) of Embodiment 4 provided for the present disclosure. Figure 9 The initial EL image (left) and the aging image (right) of PCT144 aging provided for embodiment 5 of this disclosure; Figure 10 The initial DH aging EL diagram (left) and DH200 diagram (right) of Example 5 provided for embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment,” “according to one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” etc., generally refer to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase can be included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in more than one embodiment of this disclosure, such that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., are used to “serve as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. Rather, the use of the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., is intended to present concepts in a specific manner.

[0026] In this document, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as “at least one of…” modify the entire list of elements when following a list of elements, rather than individual elements in the list. For example, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” should be understood to include only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, or all of a, b, and c.

[0027] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific exemplary configurations only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular articles “a,” “an,” and “the” may also be intended to include plural forms unless otherwise clearly stated herein. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are inclusive and thus specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein should not be construed as requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as such. Additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0028] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0029] This disclosure provides a POE encapsulating film, the raw materials of which include the following components: The POE encapsulation film comprises a polyolefin elastomer, inorganic anti-corrosion additives, organic anti-corrosion additives, antioxidants, anti-PID additives, silane coupling agents, and free radical crosslinking agents; wherein the inorganic anti-corrosion additives include one or more of magnesium oxide, nano-magnesium hydroxide, nano-calcium hydroxide, magnesium silicate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and zinc stearate; the organic anti-corrosion additives include one or more of organophosphates, fatty acid esters, polyaspartic acid, epoxy resin, polyamide, polyether, polyester, polyquaternium salt, acrylamide, and polyacrylate; and the POE encapsulation film comprises a three-dimensional network structure formed by crosslinking the organic anti-corrosion additives with the polyolefin elastomer, wherein the three-dimensional network structure further comprises a passivation film formed by complexing the organic anti-corrosion additives and the inorganic anti-corrosion additives.

[0030] Specifically, functional groups in organic additives (such as carboxylic acid groups, phosphate groups, and epoxy groups) can react with metal ions in inorganic additives (such as Ca2+, Ca2+, and Ca2+, ... 2+ Mg 2+ A complexation reaction occurs, forming a stable passivation film that effectively prevents the penetration of water vapor and oxygen.

[0031] In some embodiments, specifically, the organic anti-corrosion additive is at least one selected from polyquaternium salt, acrylamide, polyaspartic acid, and epoxy resin.

[0032] In some embodiments, specifically, the organic anti-corrosion agent is a composition of polyquaternary ammonium salt and acrylamide. The polyquaternary ammonium salt works synergistically with the inorganic and organic anti-corrosion agents, causing the long polymer molecular chains to entangle with the POE molecular chains, making them less prone to precipitation, capturing metal ions, giving the material excellent antistatic properties, and improving bulk resistance.

[0033] In some embodiments, specifically, the polyolefin elastomer includes copolymers of ethylene and butene, ethylene and hexene, and ethylene and octene, and at least one of ethylene and an α-olefin containing more than 20% by mass; the melt flow rate of the polyolefin elastomer is 3 to 25 g / 10 min; in this invention, the POE resin is one or more of the following: PV8660 and PV8669 resins produced by Dow and A-20070S resins produced by Mitsui.

[0034] In some embodiments, specifically, the antioxidant includes any one or a combination of several of the following: tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite, tris(4-nonylphenol) phosphite, and pentaerythritol dioctadecanyl phosphite.

[0035] In some embodiments, specifically, the anti-PID additive includes any one or a combination of several of pentaerythritol ethoxylate, acrylate oligomers, functionalized acrylate oligomers, and modified pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.

[0036] In some embodiments, the silane coupling agent specifically includes any one or a combination of several of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriperoxide tert-butylsilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, or vinyltri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane. The silane coupling agent in the system can improve the interfacial bonding between inorganic particles (such as nano-magnesium hydroxide, magnesium silicate) and the POE matrix, reduce interfacial defects, and thus improve the overall corrosion resistance of the material.

[0037] In some embodiments, specifically, the free radical crosslinking agent includes any one or a combination of several of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, or diethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0038] This disclosure also provides a method for preparing the POE encapsulation film as described above, comprising: mixing the raw materials at high speed, and co-extruding and casting them at 90±5°C using a screw extruder to obtain the POE encapsulation film.

[0039] This disclosure also provides a photovoltaic module that uses the POE encapsulation film as described above.

[0040] Example 1: The formulation, by weight, consists of 100 parts photovoltaic-grade polyolefin elastomer, 0.5 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.5 parts di-tert-butyl peroxide, 0.5 parts trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 0.6 parts vinyltriperoxide-tert-butylsilane, 0.5 parts 4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 0.2 parts bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl) sebacic acid ester, 0.3 parts methylenebisacrylamide, 0.3 parts polyquaternium salt, 0.1 parts nano-magnesium oxide, and 0.1 parts nano-magnesium hydroxide. After uniform mixing of the above materials, the mixture undergoes premixing, melt extrusion, casting, cooling, slitting, and winding to obtain a film sample. The film is then laminated at 148°C for 6 minutes under vacuum and 6-10 minutes under lamination conditions. The film's performance and corrosion resistance are then tested.

[0041] Example 2: The formulation, by weight, consists of 100 parts photovoltaic-grade polyolefin elastomer, 0.5 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.5 parts di-tert-butyl peroxide, 0.5 parts trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 0.6 parts vinyltriperoxide-tert-butylsilane, 0.5 parts 4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 0.2 parts bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl) sebacate, 0.3 parts methylenebisacrylamide, 0.3 parts polyquaternium salt, 0.1 parts nano-magnesium oxide, and 0.1 parts nano-magnesium silicate. After uniform mixing of the above materials, the mixture undergoes premixing, melt extrusion, casting, cooling, slitting, and winding to obtain a film sample. The film is then laminated at 148°C for 6 minutes under vacuum and 6-10 minutes under lamination conditions. The film's performance and corrosion resistance are then tested.

[0042] Example 3: The formulation, by weight, consists of 100 parts photovoltaic-grade polyolefin elastomer, 0.5 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.5 parts di-tert-butyl peroxide, 0.5 parts trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 0.6 parts vinyltriperoxide-tert-butylsilane, 0.5 parts 4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 0.2 parts bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl) sebacate, 0.3 parts methylenebisacrylamide, 0.3 parts polyquaternium salt, 0.1 parts nano-magnesium hydroxide, and 0.1 parts nano-magnesium silicate. After uniform mixing of the above materials, the mixture undergoes premixing, melt extrusion, casting, cooling, slitting, and winding to obtain a film sample. The film is then laminated at 148°C for 6 minutes under vacuum and 6-10 minutes under lamination conditions. The film's performance and corrosion resistance are then tested.

[0043] Example 4: The formulation, by weight, consists of 100 parts photovoltaic-grade polyolefin elastomer, 0.5 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.5 parts di-tert-butyl peroxide, 0.5 parts trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 0.6 parts vinyltriperoxide-tert-butylsilane, 0.5 parts 4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 0.2 parts bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl) sebacic acid ester, 0.6 parts polyquaternium salt, and 0.2 parts calcium stearate. After uniform mixing of the above materials, the mixture undergoes premixing, melt extrusion, casting, cooling, slitting, and winding to obtain a film sample. The film is then laminated at 148°C for 6 minutes under vacuum and 6-10 minutes under lamination conditions. The film's performance and corrosion resistance are then tested.

[0044] Example 5: The formulation, by weight, consists of 100 parts photovoltaic-grade polyolefin elastomer, 0.5 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.5 parts di-tert-butyl peroxide, 0.5 parts trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 0.6 parts vinyltriperoxide-tert-butylsilane, 0.5 parts 4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 0.2 parts bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl) sebacic acid ester, 0.6 parts methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.2 parts nano-magnesium hydroxide. After uniform mixing of the above materials, the mixture undergoes premixing, melt extrusion, casting, cooling, slitting, and winding to obtain a film sample. The film is then laminated at 148°C for 6 minutes under vacuum and 6-10 minutes under lamination conditions. The film's performance and corrosion resistance are then tested.

[0045] Please see Figures 1-10 The performance test results of Examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1 below.

[0046] Table 1

[0047] Specifically, as shown above, the differences in transmittance, bulk resistance, and crosslinking degree in Examples 1-5 are not significant. Regarding mechanical properties, the filling of nano-level corrosion-resistant inorganic powders provides reinforcement and improves mechanical properties. In DH2000 aging, the corrosion-resistant combination of dual organic (0.3 parts methylenebisacrylamide + 0.3 parts polyquaternary ammonium salt) and dual inorganic (0.1 parts nano magnesium oxide + 0.1 parts magnesium hydroxide) from Example 1 can delay aging, with a power decay of 1.65%.

[0048] In summary, this POE encapsulating film for humid and salt spray conditions utilizes a dense three-dimensional network structure formed by the cross-linking reaction of organic anti-corrosion additives and polyolefin elastomers. This significantly enhances the material's corrosion resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the unreacted molecular chains can entangle with the POE molecular chains to capture free ions and prevent their release. Simultaneously, the passivation film formed by the complexation of metal ions in the organic and inorganic anti-corrosion additives effectively prevents the penetration of water vapor and oxygen. Combined with this multi-layered protection system, the release of acidic substances is effectively suppressed in humid and salt spray environments, mitigating the corrosion of the battery surface grid lines by metal ions and preventing the blackening of the battery cells.

[0049] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A POE encapsulating film, characterized in that, Its raw materials include the following components: Polyolefin elastomers, inorganic corrosion inhibitors, organic corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, anti-PID agents, silane coupling agents, and free radical crosslinking agents; The inorganic anti-corrosion additives include one or more of magnesium oxide, nano magnesium hydroxide, nano calcium hydroxide, magnesium silicate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and zinc stearate. The organic anti-corrosion additives include one or more of the following: organophosphates, fatty acid esters, polyaspartic acid, epoxy resins, polyamides, polyethers, polyesters, polyquaternium salts, acrylamides, and polyacrylates. Furthermore, the POE encapsulation film includes a three-dimensional network structure formed by crosslinking an organic anti-corrosion agent with a polyolefin elastomer, and the three-dimensional network structure further includes a passivation film formed by complexing the organic anti-corrosion agent and the inorganic anti-corrosion agent.

2. The POE encapsulating film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The organic anti-corrosion additive is at least one of polyquaternium salt, acrylamide, polyaspartic acid, and epoxy resin.

3. The POE encapsulating film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The organic anti-corrosion additive is a combination of polyquaternary ammonium salt and acrylamide.

4. The POE encapsulating film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polyolefin elastomer includes copolymers of ethylene and butene, ethylene and hexene, and ethylene and octene, and at least one of ethylene and an α-olefin containing more than 20% by mass. The melt flow rate of the polyolefin elastomer is 3-25 g / 10 min.

5. The POE encapsulating film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidants include any one or a combination of several of the following: tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite, tris(4-nonylphenol) phosphite, and pentaerythritol dioctadecanyl phosphite.

6. The POE encapsulating film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-PID additive includes any one or a combination of several of pentaerythritol acrylate ethoxylate, acrylate oligomers, functionalized acrylate oligomers, and modified pentaerythritol tetraacrylate ethoxylate.

7. The POE encapsulating film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent includes any one or a combination of several of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriperoxytert-butylsilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, or vinyltri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane.

8. The POE encapsulating film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The free radical crosslinking agent includes any one or a combination of several of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, or diethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

9. A method for preparing a POE encapsulating film as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The raw materials are mixed at high speed and co-extruded and cast at 90±5℃ using a screw extruder to obtain a POE encapsulation film.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The POE encapsulation film as described in any one of claims 1-8 is used.

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