Whole watershed rain disaster prevention system

Abstract

The invention discloses a whole watershed rain disaster prevention system, which belongs to the field of water conservancy disaster prevention and relief, and can select a water retaining structure authorized by an applicant or other suitable water retaining structures as a basis, match with an existing modular plug-in type water retaining plate, depend on original water conservancy facilities such as river channels, trunk canals and branch canals, and fuse big data, communication and automation technologies. A three-level disaster prevention system of a water retaining device, a drainage basin stagnation point and a water regime monitoring and processing center is constructed, and an inside-city disaster prevention subsystem and an outside-city disaster prevention subsystem are arranged. A three-layer drainage system of canopy rain shielding and water guiding, water retaining device canal forming and sewer pump station water pumping is constructed in a city, water retaining devices are arranged in a smooth zone in advance according to flood control standards and topographic contour lines outside the city, a stepped water storage area is formed, and the drainage link is divided into three-level drainage networks of rivers, main canals and branch canals. According to the system, the water regimen monitoring and processing center is used for realizing all-basin collaborative scheduling and is deeply bound with four pre-mechanisms of a weather bureau and an emergency management bureau, so that the management method is technologically integrated; the water retaining device can be quickly laid and detached without residues, and the modularized water retaining plate can be pulled out to adjust the water storage amount and is connected with the flexible water retaining device. The system is low in cost and fast in deployment, replaces traditional sandbag layout, can greatly improve efficiency, can form million-magnitude water storage and drainage units in a short time, has emergency guarantee for extreme working conditions, has ecological and economic values, can effectively cope with drainage basin heavy rain and rainstorm disasters, reduces loss to the maximum extent, and has wide popularization and application values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of disaster prevention and relief technology in water conservancy projects, specifically relating to a whole-basin rain disaster prevention system, which is applicable to comprehensive disaster prevention operations such as flood control, drainage, and flood storage in various basins under extreme rainfall weather such as heavy rain and rainstorms. Background Technology

[0002] Watershed floods caused by torrential rains are a natural disaster problem that has been difficult to solve throughout history and across the world. Traditional flood prevention methods mainly rely on basic water conservancy facilities such as rivers, pumps, canals, and sewers, and still make extensive use of heavy sandbags for temporary water blocking. This approach has several core flaws: First, existing water conservancy facilities such as rivers are not fully utilized. Temporary measures such as raising river embankments and increasing water flow are inefficient. Sandbags are large and heavy, and their transportation and laying are time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it impossible to deploy them quickly over large areas. Second, there is a lack of a watershed-wide water situation monitoring and scheduling system. The flood storage and drainage operations in urban and rural areas, as well as upstream and downstream, lack coordination, which can easily lead to localized flooding and water volume imbalances. Third, urban drainage systems are often simplistic and lack a multi-level, three-dimensional drainage and disaster prevention structure, making them prone to urban flooding during extreme rainfall. Fourth, existing water-blocking facilities have limited functions and lack flexible and controllable water release and storage capacity. Furthermore, some facilities leave residues after dismantling, affecting daily life and production in the watershed.

[0003] In recent years, extreme rainfall has occurred frequently, and watershed floods have caused huge losses of life and property. There is an urgent need for a low-cost, fast-deployment, and highly integrated watershed flood prevention system that combines traditional water conservancy facilities with modern information technology to fundamentally improve the watershed's flood prevention capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a basin-wide flood disaster prevention system. It utilizes low-cost, easy-to-store, easy-to-install, and easy-to-disassemble water-blocking devices as its core tool, integrating them with existing water conservancy facilities to construct a basin-wide disaster prevention system. This system achieves intelligent and coordinated scheduling of water blocking, flood storage, and drainage, solving the problems of low efficiency, lack of coordination, high cost, and limited functionality in traditional flood disaster prevention methods. It effectively responds to basin-wide heavy rain and rainstorm disasters, minimizing disaster losses while also considering the normal production, daily life, and transportation needs of the basin. Technical solution

[0005] The whole-basin rain disaster prevention system of this invention can be based on the water-blocking structure in the applicant's authorized patent "Water-blocking device for forming channels for drainage" (application number: CN202223075303.9), or other more suitable water-blocking structures can be used (materials can be steel plates, plastic plates, etc.). Relying on the existing water conservancy facilities such as rivers and canals in the basin, and integrating modern big data, communication and automation technologies, a three-level disaster prevention system of "water-blocking device + basin-wide station + water situation monitoring and processing center" is constructed to achieve the whole-basin rain disaster prevention effect that is adapted to both urban and rural areas, coordinated between station and center, and combined with traditional water conservancy and modern technology. At the same time, this system is deeply integrated with the basic work of "prediction, rehearsal, prevention and preparation" of meteorological bureau and emergency management bureau, combining management mechanisms and technical means to improve the integrity and synergy of whole-basin disaster prevention.

[0006] The water-blocking device described in this invention is a higher-level concept, including flexible water-blocking devices ( Figure 1 Modular insert-type water baffle ( Figure 2 Water-blocking structures made of different materials such as steel plates and plastic plates, and any water-blocking structure that can realize the functions of water blocking, water storage and drainage of this system, are all included in the scope of the water-blocking device of this invention; the water storage refers to flood retention and water storage, that is, temporarily storing rainwater through the water-blocking device to achieve the dual effects of flood control and water resource utilization.

[0007] The water-blocking device used in this invention has the advantages of rapid installation and convenient dismantling. During rainstorm disaster prevention operations, it can be quickly deployed at various points throughout the entire basin, forming a water-blocking, flood retention, and drainage protection system. After heavy rain or storms, the water-blocking device can be quickly dismantled, leaving no residue, not damaging the original terrain or water conservancy facilities, and not affecting normal production, daily life, traffic, or the normal operation of water conservancy facilities within the basin, thus achieving a balance between disaster prevention and daily use. The water-blocking device includes a flexible water-blocking device (…). Figure 1 ) and modular insert-type water baffles ( Figure 2 It can be combined and used in different scenarios in the watershed to adapt to the complex terrain and water conditions of the entire watershed.

[0008] Flexible water-blocking device ( Figure 1Its core components include curbstone (101), flexible baffle (102), support assembly (103), groove (104), main support rod (105), support diagonal rod (106), clamping strip (107), connecting button (108), baffle cloth hanging ring (109), notch (110), hanging post (111), fixing ring (112), drainage hole (113), outer shell (114), and retaining strip (115). The main support rod (105) is the core of the support assembly (103) and is vertically fixed to the ground. The support diagonal rod (106) supports the main support rod (105) at an angle to improve overall stability. Several sets of hanging posts (111) are set on the main support rod (105). The flexible baffle (102) is connected to the hanging posts (111) through the baffle cloth hanging ring (109). The flexible water barrier (102) is fixed in place and the height of the water barrier can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the two. The bottom of the flexible water barrier (102) is secured by a clamping strip (107) and a fixing ring (112) in a groove (104) on the ground to prevent water from seeping from the bottom. The side of the flexible water barrier (102) is tightly fitted to the support component (103) by connecting buttons (108) and clips (115) to solve the problem of water seepage at the connection. The hanging column (111) and the water barrier hanging ring (109) adopt a flexible fixing method with a 90-degree twist of the canvas straight hole to improve the connection stability and the convenience of height adjustment. The notch (110) can be adapted to different deployment scenarios, the drainage hole (113) can help adjust the local water volume, and the outer shell (114) protects the core connecting components. The flexible water barrier (102) is made of impact-resistant plastic material, which can withstand the impact of gentle water flow of ≤2m / s, and is suitable for water blocking needs in flat plains and urban areas; in addition, the supporting main rod (105) can be designed as a V-shaped structure from the top (which can be made of... Figure 2 (The water baffle shown is used as a substitute) to achieve directional drainage into the channel, adapting to the water conditions of different scenarios.

[0009] Modular insertable water baffle ( Figure 2 This invention selects a modular insertable water barrier (such as a subway entrance flood control scenario) as a section of a water barrier and flood storage unit, and combines it with flexible water barrier devices on both sides. The water barrier consists of a column (21), water barrier plates (22), and ground (23). Vertical grooves are provided on both sides of the column (21) for the water barrier plates (22) to be inserted in sequence. Adjacent water barrier plates (22) are interlocked through a convex-concave structure to achieve water seepage prevention. The bottom is tightly attached to the ground (23) to ensure structural stability. The flexible water barrier device can be connected to the outside of the modular insertable water barrier. Figure 1 ), expand the scope of water blocking and flood storage, and release water into the canal by pulling out the upper water blocking plate (22). The release speed and volume can be flexibly controlled according to the actual water conditions to achieve precise adjustment of the water storage volume.

[0010] The layout of the water retaining device must strictly follow the law of topographic contour lines, and the layout parameters shall be adapted to the layout requirements of flood control projects in plain areas in the "Flood Control Standard" (GB50201-2014). Taking the Haihe River Basin as an example, combined with its topographic features of "high in the northwest and low in the southeast, the mountains and plains intersect directly, the transition section of hills is short, and the micro-topography of the plains is complex", it is laid out in layers according to the topographic contour lines and local conditions in flat areas: For the gentle area in the southeast plain of the Haihe River Basin (slope ≤ 5°), the water retaining device is laid out parallel to the contour lines, forming a stepped water storage area layer by layer. The distance between adjacent two layers of water retaining devices is controlled at 50-80 meters, taking into account the flood detention and water storage capacity and drainage efficiency; For the gently transitional area at the edge of the mountains in the Haihe River Basin (slope 5°-10°), the water retaining device is laid out in an arc along the contour lines, conforming to the terrain trend. The distance between adjacent two layers is adjusted to 30-50 meters to enhance the water retaining stability and prevent water flow from scouring and leaking along the slope; All water retaining devices laid out along the contour lines are perpendicular to the ground, and a cement base is poured at the bottom to closely fit the ground. The height of each layer of water retaining device is adjusted to 1.2-1.5 meters according to the contour line drop, ensuring water storage layer by layer and drainage step by step, realizing the effective flood detention and water storage of rainwater. In rural areas with perennial drought, the water storage effect can be enhanced by combining the construction of water cellars; In the river area with a large slope (slope > 10°), steel water retaining plates are selected to raise the river embankment. The steel water retaining plates can withstand the impact of river water flow ≤ 3m / s, and water flow diversion can be realized in advance through the water retaining plates in disaster-prone rivers.

[0011] The whole-basin rain disaster prevention system of the present invention is divided into an in-city disaster prevention subsystem and an out-of-city disaster prevention subsystem according to the application area. Both major subsystems are linked with the whole-basin water regime monitoring and processing center to achieve data sharing and unified dispatching of instructions. Moreover, the drainage link of the system is divided into river drainage, main canal drainage, and branch canal drainage according to the levels of the river basin water system. The three cooperate with each other to build a three-dimensional drainage network for the whole basin: River drainage mainly relies on the original main and tributary rivers in the basin to undertake the core drainage task of the whole basin, and the drainage capacity is improved through measures such as dredging and reinforcement and raising of water retaining devices; Main canal drainage, as a supplement to river drainage, receives large-scale water accumulation in the area and is directed to flow into the main river channel; Branch canal drainage focuses on local areas and is responsible for draining the water storage area in the gentle area and the water accumulation in the city into the main canal or river, realizing layered drainage and efficient flood discharge. One of the core indicators to measure whether this system functions well is whether the original water systems such as rivers, main canals, and branch canals in the basin are fully utilized. In actual rain disaster prevention operations, if there is a situation where a local area is affected by disasters, and the corresponding rivers and main canals in the area do not fully incorporate the water accumulation and do not exert the maximum drainage efficiency, it indicates that there is still room for improvement in the water regime dispatching strategy of this system. The utilization rate of rivers and main canals can be further improved by optimizing dispatching instructions, adjusting the layout position of water retaining devices, and strengthening the linkage efficiency between the stationed points and the water regime monitoring and processing center, ensuring that the water accumulation is discharged through the hierarchical drainage network in time and minimizing the impact of disasters to the greatest extent.

[0012] With "upper canopy for rain protection and water diversion + middle water-blocking device to form channels + lower sewer and pumping station for water extraction" as the core, a three-dimensional drainage and disaster prevention system is constructed. Before heavy rain, drainage is pre-emptively achieved through sewers and pumping stations to create storage space. In the upper part, canopy-like rain-proofing and water-guiding systems are constructed in low-lying, high-value areas (such as ancient buildings and warehouses) to direct rainwater away. In the middle part, water-blocking devices are used to create channels along curbs and roadsides, directing drainage towards lower areas. Simultaneously, urban water channels are raised by approximately 1.5 meters using water-blocking devices to increase water flow. Steel water barriers of varying heights (3-6 meters) are erected along the city's ring road, depending on water conditions, to prevent backflow of water from outside the city. At the lower level, sewers and high-powered pumping stations rapidly drain urban water to the outside. In emergencies, residents can be mobilized to assist with manual drainage. A supporting urban drainage information processing subsystem is also constructed to collect real-time urban water situation data and upload it wirelessly to the basin-wide water situation monitoring and processing center for data linkage and unified scheduling.

[0013] In response to the characteristics of the city's external watershed area being large and the terrain complex, the core approach is "river dredging and reinforcement + raising water-blocking devices + layered water storage in flat areas + on-site management and control". First, the existing main stream and tributary channels within the basin are dredged downstream and the riverbanks are reinforced. Water-retaining devices are then fixed to the reinforced riverbanks using cement bases, replacing traditional sandbags to rapidly raise the riverbanks and increase the water flow. Second, water-retaining devices are deployed in flat areas according to the aforementioned contour line layout principle, forming large-scale (tens of thousands) flood storage areas. Finally, multiple outposts are established outside the basin city. These outposts serve as on-site disaster prevention and control nodes, equipped with functions such as storing water-retaining equipment, measuring and wirelessly reporting on-site hydrological data (rainfall, water depth, water velocity, and water volume), rapidly deploying water-retaining devices, executing water storage and drainage, and registering and commanding on-site personnel. Each outpost is equipped with backup power and local data storage modules. In extreme situations such as power outages or communication interruptions, the outposts can independently complete on-site operations such as scheduling water-retaining devices and executing water storage and drainage based on locally stored hydrological data and pre-set disaster prevention plans, solving the problem of temporary personnel being unable to cope with sudden disasters.

[0014] The basin-wide water situation coordination and scheduling strategy is as follows: In downstream areas with higher value and where heavy rainfall arrives first, priority is given to directing water discharge to the main stream and tributaries through river channels and pumping stations to avoid flooding; in upstream areas with lower value and where heavy rainfall has not yet arrived, water-blocking devices are used to store water to the maximum extent to reduce the pressure on water transfer downstream; that is, following the principle of "storing water in low-value areas and draining water in high-value areas", the basin-wide water situation monitoring and processing center is used to realize the staggered drainage and targeted adjustment of water volume.

[0015] Basin-wide Hydrological Monitoring and Processing Center: A basin-wide hydrological monitoring and processing center will be constructed in the core city of the basin, serving as the command and dispatch core of the entire system. The center will collect real-time hydrological data from all monitoring points within the basin and the city via wireless communication technology, updating the data every 5-10 minutes. It will utilize big data and computer programs for data analysis and hydrological trend prediction, generating dispatch plans through intelligent algorithms and issuing dispatch instructions such as water storage, drainage, and height adjustment of water-blocking devices to various monitoring points and field operation units. The center will also coordinate resources from multiple departments, including land resources, meteorology, water resources, and urban construction, to formulate basin-wide rainstorm disaster prevention plans and organize disaster prevention drills, achieving multi-departmental collaborative disaster prevention.

[0016] Collaboration with meteorological and emergency management departments on basic work: Rain disaster prevention requires thorough preparatory work, with forecasting, drills, prevention, and preparedness being indispensable. These elements must be deeply integrated with the technical system to avoid simplistic management approaches. Weather forecasting is a prerequisite for disaster prevention. The meteorological bureau must accurately predict and warn of rainfall intensity, range, and duration, and synchronize the forecast data in real-time to the basin-wide hydrological monitoring and processing center via wireless communication to provide data support for system scheduling. The emergency management bureau must take the lead in coordinating with water resources, land resources, and other departments to conduct routine prevention work. Based on real-time and historical data from the hydrological monitoring and processing center, regular disaster prevention drills should be conducted to improve emergency response plans. Simultaneously, prepared flood barriers, pumping equipment, and other disaster prevention materials should be stored at designated locations on the basin's key nodes to ensure rapid deployment and use. This synergistic effect between management mechanisms and the technical system maximizes the basin's overall rain disaster prevention capabilities.

[0017] Furthermore, this invention takes into account the value differences in various regions within the watershed and sets up reasonable abandonment measures. For some low-value, disaster-prone areas, water blocking can be selectively abandoned, and disaster prevention resources can be concentrated in high-value areas. Afterwards, the beneficiary areas will provide reasonable compensation to the disaster-stricken areas. At the same time, it encourages the public to participate in grassroots disaster prevention and supports the public in setting up small water blocking devices around their homes and at their doorsteps to prevent rainstorms from entering their yards, forming a disaster prevention pattern of "government leadership + public participation". Beneficial effects

[0018] Low cost, quick deployment, and no disruption to daily life: Using flexible water-blocking devices as the core tool, the cost is far lower than that of traditional sandbags and large-scale water conservancy projects. It is also easy to store, install, and dismantle, enabling rapid deployment over a large area across the entire basin. Compared to traditional sandbag solutions, the deployment efficiency is increased by more than 70%, forming small reservoirs with a capacity of millions of units in a short time, which can store and drain water, solving the problem of low efficiency in traditional disaster prevention methods. At the same time, it can be quickly dismantled after heavy rain, leaving no residue, not damaging the original facilities, and not affecting daily production, life, or traffic.

[0019] Integrated planning across the entire basin and intelligent scheduling: A three-tiered disaster prevention system with stationed stations and central stations has been established, enabling real-time sharing and collaborative scheduling of water situation data between urban and rural areas, as well as between upstream and downstream areas. Through big data and automation technologies, staggered drainage and targeted water transfer are achieved, maximizing the role of existing water conservancy facilities and fundamentally solving the problem of traditional disaster prevention lacking overall planning, effectively reducing downstream flood peak pressure.

[0020] With strong adaptability to different scenarios and scientific and reasonable deployment, the water-blocking device includes flexible water-blocking devices and modular insertable water-blocking plates. Different materials can be selected according to the region and environment, and the water-blocking height can be flexibly adjusted. Moreover, the deployment parameters of the water-blocking device follow the "Flood Control Standard" and are precisely designed in combination with the contour lines of the watershed topography. Different disaster prevention subsystems are designed for different scenarios inside and outside the city, adapting to the different topography and water conditions of each watershed, and are highly practical.

[0021] Modular adaptation and flexible water adjustment: Modular insert-type water barriers commonly used at subway entrances can be selected ( Figure 2 As shown, the modular water-blocking and water-storing unit is clearly an existing, mature product. The innovation lies solely in its connection and combination with a flexible water-blocking device, thus avoiding infringement risks. This modular water-blocking plate has a simple structure and is easy to install. Its interlocking design prevents water seepage, and the water storage volume can be adjusted by removing the upper water-blocking plate. It is also compatible with… Figure 1 Flexible water-blocking devices are used in conjunction to further enhance adaptability to different scenarios.

[0022] Extreme operating conditions are guaranteed and the operation is highly stable: the watershed station is equipped with a backup power supply and a local data storage module, which can independently complete on-site dispatch in the event of power failure or communication interruption; the water-blocking device is made of different materials according to the scenario. The flexible water-blocking plate can withstand the impact of gentle water flow of ≤2m / s, and the steel water-blocking plate can withstand the impact of river water flow of ≤3m / s, which meets the water flow impact requirements after extreme rainfall in the watershed and improves the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0023] The integration of management and technology enhances disaster prevention synergy: The "prediction, rehearsal, prevention, and preparedness" four-prevention mechanism of the meteorological bureau and emergency management bureau is deeply integrated with this technical system, transforming management methods into technical implementation means of "data transmission, fixed-point material storage, and data-based rehearsal," enabling collaborative efforts between various government departments and the technical system to form a nationwide disaster prevention framework.

[0024] The benefits far outweigh the costs, and it has both ecological and economic value: The entire system is based on the existing water conservancy facilities, with only the addition of water-blocking devices, stations and dispatch centers. The construction and operation costs are low, and it can effectively avoid huge property losses caused by basin-wide floods. At the same time, the collected rainwater can be used during droughts, achieving the dual benefits of flood control and water storage. There are no residues after the water-blocking devices are removed, and the impact on the river's ecological environment is small, thus possessing both ecological and economic value. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible water-blocking device of the present invention. The diagram clearly shows the components and assembly relationship of the flexible water-blocking device used in the present invention, providing an intuitive reference for the actual deployment of the water-blocking device.

[0026] Indication Figure 1 The corresponding markings for each component are as follows: 101. Curbstone; 102. Flexible baffle; 103. Support assembly; 104. Groove; 105. Support main rod; 106. Support diagonal rod; 107. Pressing strip; 108. Connecting button; 109. Water-blocking cloth hanging ring; 110. Notch; 111. Hanging post; 112. Fixing ring; 113. Drain hole; 114. Outer shell; 115. Locking strip.

[0027] Combination Figure 1 As shown, a groove (104) for the fitting clamping strip (107) is pre-set on the ground. A fixing ring (112) is fixedly installed inside the groove (104) to achieve a firm fixation of the bottom of the water-blocking device. The main support rod (105) serves as the core of the support assembly (103), standing vertically and fixed on both sides of the ground. The support diagonal rod (106) assists in supporting and improving stability. Several sets of hanging columns (111) are evenly distributed on the main support rod (105) to serve as the suspension and fixing carrier for the flexible water-blocking plate (102). The two ends of the flexible water-blocking plate (102) are suspended and fixed to the hanging columns (111) through water-blocking cloth hanging rings (109). The position of the two can be adjusted. The suspension height of the flexible water baffle (102) can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different water blocking needs; the bottom of the flexible water baffle (102) extends downward into the groove (104), and is tightly fitted and fixed by the clamping strip (107) and the fixing ring (112) in the groove (104), effectively blocking water from seeping from the bottom of the water blocking device; the side of the flexible water baffle (102) is tightly fitted to the support component (103) through the connecting button (108) and the clip (115) to prevent water seepage at the connection and ensure stable water blocking effect; the notch (110) is adapted to the deployment scenario, the drainage hole (113) assists in adjusting the water volume, and the outer shell (114) protects the core components.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a modular insertable water-blocking plate structure that can be used in this invention (existing mature products, such as flood control water-blocking plates at subway entrances). It can be used as a section of the water-blocking and water-storing unit of this system, mainly for controlled water release and water volume regulation.

[0029] Indication Figure 2The corresponding markings for each component are as follows: 21-Column, with vertical grooves on both sides for inserting, positioning and supporting the water-blocking plates; 22-Water-blocking plates, multiple plates are stacked and inserted into the grooves on both sides of the column, and adjacent water-blocking plates interlock with each other through a convex-concave structure to achieve a seal and prevent water seepage; 23-Ground, providing a stable installation foundation for the entire modular water-blocking plate.

[0030] Combination Figure 2 As shown, this water-retaining panel uses the column 21 as a supporting frame. Multiple water-retaining plates 22 are inserted sequentially into the grooves of the column to quickly form a continuous water-retaining wall. The bottom fits tightly against the ground 23, ensuring the overall structural stability. The interlocking design of adjacent water-retaining plates 22 effectively prevents water leakage from gaps. In practical applications, the outer side of this modular water-retaining panel can be connected to… Figure 1 The flexible water-blocking device shown expands the range of water blocking and storage. When it is necessary to adjust the water storage volume, the upper water-blocking plate 22 can be pulled out to release water into the outer water channel in a directional manner. The water release speed and volume can be flexibly controlled according to the actual water conditions to adapt to the water storage and drainage needs of different scenarios in the whole basin. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the Haihe River Basin. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, but is merely an illustrative example. The present invention can be adapted to various river basins across the country, such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain and the Pearl River Delta. In view of the widespread plains of the Yangtze River Basin, the spacing of the water-blocking devices can be appropriately increased. In view of the dense river network of the Pearl River Basin, the coordination between the drainage of branch canals and the water-blocking devices can be strengthened. All of these fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The Haihe River Basin includes three major river systems (Haihe River, Luanhe River, etc.), seven major river systems, and ten backbone rivers. It is densely populated with many large and medium-sized cities. The basin runs roughly from northwest to southeast, and the terrain gradually flattens from mountainous areas to plains. It is prone to basin-wide flooding disasters during extreme rainfall. The whole basin rain disaster prevention system of this invention is suitable for this invention.

[0033] Flexible plastic water-blocking devices should be given priority. Figure 1In the flat plains of the Haihe River Basin, along the curb stones (101) and canals in cities, a structure of "ground-support component (103)-support rod (105)-hanging column (111)-flexible water barrier (102)-pressing strip (107)-fixing ring (112)-groove (104)" is used. The flexible water barrier (102) is tightly attached to the support component (103) by connecting buttons (108) and clips (115) on the side. The hanging column (111) and the water barrier hanging ring (109) are elastically fixed to prevent water seepage and improve the ease of adjustment. In the mountainous areas of the basin, along the river channels with large slopes and along the city's ring edge, steel water barriers are selected and cement bases are poured to achieve firm fixation. The water barrier height is set at 3-6 meters according to historical water conditions and can withstand the impact of river water flow of ≤3m / s. In the water storage area nodes where controlled water release is required, modular insert-type water barriers are selected. Figure 2 It is connected to a flexible water-blocking device to achieve flexible adjustment of water storage volume. The layout of all water-blocking devices follows the contour line principle, with a spacing of 50-80 meters in the southeast plain area with a slope of ≤5° and a spacing of 30-50 meters in the mountain transition area with a slope of 5°-10°. The height is 1.2-1.5 meters, which meets the requirements of the "Flood Control Standard" (GB50201-2014).

[0034] Taking the core cities of the Haihe River Basin as an example, a canopy-like rain-proof and water-guiding system is built to cover low-lying, high-value areas (such as warehouses and ancient building complexes) within the city; flexible water-blocking devices are used to form directional channels on both sides of urban roads and curbs (101), guiding water along the southeast terrain to low-lying drainage points; the existing water channels within the city are raised by 1.5 meters through water-blocking devices to increase the water flow; steel water-blocking plates are installed along the city's ring road to prevent backflow of water from the outer basin; at the same time, urban sewers and high-power pumping stations are activated for pre-drainage and real-time pumping, and an urban drainage information processing subsystem is built to collect data such as rainfall and road surface water depth in real time, which is then uploaded to the Haihe River Basin Water Monitoring and Processing Center via wireless communication, with a data update frequency of 5-10 minutes / time.

[0035] The main stream and tributaries of the Haihe River Basin will be comprehensively dredged, riverbanks reinforced and cement foundations poured. Water-retaining devices will be used to quickly raise the riverbanks and increase the water flow of the river. In the flat areas of the southeastern plain of the basin, flexible water-retaining devices will be deployed layer by layer according to the topographic contour lines to form large-scale water storage areas. Combined with the construction of rural water cellars, the water storage effect will be enhanced. In tributary channels prone to flooding, water-retaining devices will be deployed in advance to divert water flow and reduce the pressure on the main stream. Multiple stations will be set up in the northwestern mountainous areas of the basin and at various tributary nodes. Each station will be equipped with a water-retaining equipment storage warehouse, hydrological monitoring equipment, a professional operation team, and backup power supply to enable rapid installation of water-retaining devices, real-time reporting of hydrological data, and on-site water storage and drainage scheduling. The station can independently complete on-site operations in the event of power outages or communication interruptions.

[0036] A water situation monitoring and processing center will be established in the core cities of the Haihe River Basin to collect real-time water situation data from all monitoring points and stations within the basin and cities. Big data technology will be used to analyze water situation trends and formulate dispatch plans: priority will be given to drainage in the mountainous areas of the northwest upper reaches of the basin (areas where heavy rainfall arrives first), diverting accumulated water to the southeast flat areas via river channels; water will be stored to the maximum extent possible in the southeast lower plains (areas where heavy rainfall arrives later), utilizing water-retaining devices to form water storage areas; disaster prevention resources will be concentrated in high-value areas within the basin (such as urban core areas and large warehouses), while low-value remote areas will be left unprotected. The meteorological bureau will synchronize rainfall forecast data to the center in real time, and the emergency management bureau will conduct disaster prevention drills based on the center's data. Disaster prevention materials will be stored at designated locations according to the center's preset nodes; the center will issue dispatch instructions to various monitoring points and field operation units through communication technology to achieve staggered drainage and targeted allocation of water volume across the entire basin, while coordinating resources from multiple departments such as water resources, meteorology, and urban construction to achieve collaborative disaster prevention.

[0037] A manual for the deployment and operation of water-blocking devices was issued to encourage people in the Haihe River Basin to deploy small, flexible water-blocking devices around their homes and courtyards, and to conduct grassroots disaster prevention training. Enterprises and communities in the basin were organized to participate in disaster prevention drills to enhance public awareness and operational capabilities in disaster prevention, thus forming a disaster prevention pattern of "government leadership + public participation".

[0038] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; however, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the protection scope of the present invention. The whole-basin rain disaster prevention system of the present invention can be adapted to various river basins, and its parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of each river basin, such as topography, water conditions, and population distribution; all of these fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A basin-wide rain disaster prevention system, characterized in that, include: Multiple water-blocking devices are deployed at key nodes along the riverbanks, main streams, tributaries, and flat areas within the basin. These devices are fixed to concrete foundations on both riverbanks and flat areas. The riverbank devices increase the water flow by raising the embankment height, while those in flat areas are used for water storage or drainage. Their deployment is based on topographic contour lines, adapting to flood control requirements in plain areas, and can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual terrain and hydrological data of the basin. Multiple basin-wide monitoring stations are deployed in key areas outside the basin city for on-site hydrological data monitoring, water-blocking device scheduling, and water storage / drainage execution. A basin-wide hydrological monitoring and processing center is located in the core city of the basin to collect basin-wide hydrological data and issue coordinated scheduling instructions. The water-blocking devices include flexible water-blocking devices (Figure 1) and modular insertable water-blocking plates (Figure 2), which can be combined to achieve water blocking, water storage, and controllable drainage functions. They can be quickly dismantled after heavy rain, without affecting daily production, life, or traffic within the basin.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The designated watershed outpost is equipped with functions such as water-blocking equipment storage, hydrological data (rainfall, water depth, water velocity, and water volume) measurement and real-time wireless reporting, rapid installation of water-blocking devices, water storage and drainage execution, and on-site personnel command and dispatch. It is also equipped with a backup power supply and a local data storage module, and can independently complete on-site dispatch operations based on a preset plan in the event of power failure or communication interruption.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basin-wide water situation monitoring and processing center is located in the core city of the basin. It collects water situation data from various stations and monitoring points through wireless communication, uses big data analysis algorithms to predict water situation trends and intelligently generate dispatch instructions, coordinates resources from multiple departments such as land, meteorology, water resources, and urban construction, issues dispatch instructions, and is responsible for adjusting water volume in various parts of the entire basin.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible water-blocking device (Figure 1) includes a curbstone, a flexible water-blocking plate, a support assembly, a groove, a main support rod, a diagonal support rod, a clamping strip, a connecting button, a water-blocking cloth hanging ring, a notch, a hanging column, a fixing ring, a drainage hole, a shell, and a retaining strip. The main support rod, as the core component of the support assembly, is vertically fixed to the ground. Several sets of hanging columns and matching connecting structures are arranged on it. The flexible water-blocking plate is fixed by the water-blocking cloth hanging ring and the hanging column, and the water-blocking height can be flexibly adjusted. The sides are tightly fitted to the support assembly through connecting buttons, retaining strips, and other structures to prevent water leakage. The bottom of the flexible water-blocking plate is pressed and fixed by the clamping strip and the fixing ring in the groove. The hanging column and the water-blocking cloth hanging ring adopt an elastic fixing method. The diagonal support rod assists in supporting the main support rod to improve stability. The notch is adapted to the deployment scenario. The drainage hole can assist in adjusting the water volume. The shell protects the core component. The flexible water-blocking plate is made of impact-resistant plastic material, which can withstand the impact of gentle water flow and realize directional drainage into the channel, adapting to different water conditions.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modular insertable water barrier (Figure 2) is an existing mature flood control product, including a column, water barrier panels, and ground. The column has vertical grooves on both sides, and multiple water barrier panels are inserted into the grooves in sequence. Adjacent water barrier panels are interlocked by a convex-concave structure to prevent water seepage, and the bottom is tightly attached to the ground. The outside of the modular insertable water barrier can be connected to a flexible water barrier device, which can release water into the channel by pulling out the upper water barrier panel, and flexibly adjust the water volume.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the city of the basin, a three-dimensional drainage and disaster prevention system is constructed, consisting of an upper canopy for rain protection and water diversion, a middle water-blocking device for channel formation, and a lower sewer system and pumping station for water extraction. An urban drainage information processing subsystem is also built to support this system, which is linked with the basin-wide water situation monitoring and processing center. Before heavy rain, water can be pre-emptively drained through sewers and pumping stations to create water storage space.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage system is divided into river drainage, main canal drainage, and branch canal drainage according to the watershed water system level. The three work together to build a three-dimensional drainage network for the entire watershed. The core indicator for measuring the system's operational effectiveness is the utilization efficiency of the original water system in the watershed, such as rivers, main canals, and branch canals. If a local disaster occurs and the corresponding water system does not receive enough water, the utilization rate can be improved by optimizing the scheduling instructions and adjusting the location of the water-blocking devices.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system operates by relying on the basic work of the meteorological bureau and the emergency management bureau to achieve the coordination of "prediction, rehearsal, prevention and preparedness": the meteorological bureau's rainfall level, range and duration forecast data are transmitted to the water situation monitoring and processing center through wireless communication; the emergency management bureau conducts disaster prevention rehearsal based on the center's water situation data on a regular basis, and the prepared water-blocking devices are stored at fixed locations according to the system's preset watershed node locations, realizing the deep integration of management mechanisms and technical systems.

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