Composite bandage device suitable for preventive protection of wood beam of historical building and reinforcing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite bandage device suitable for preventive protection of a wood beam of a historical building and a reinforcing method, and the device comprises a beam end enclosure hoop which is arranged at the end part of the wood beam and is used for forming enclosure constraint on the end part of the wood beam; the beam bottom longitudinal bandages are arranged in the span direction of the wood beam, the beam bottom longitudinal bandages surround the bottom connecting pieces of the hoops around the beam ends at the two ends of the wood beam and then are closed, and the head and the tail of the beam bottom longitudinal bandages are connected through first connecting locks to form a closed ring and are tensioned; the at least one jacking cushion block is used for supporting the beam bottom and jacking the beam bottom longitudinal bandage to form secondary tensioning after being inserted into the beam bottom longitudinal bandage; and the hoop bandage is arranged at the position corresponding to the back shore cushion block, and is annularly wound and tensioned on the peripheries of the wood beam and the back shore cushion block. The device has the advantages of being low in cost, convenient to construct and disassemble, relatively small in influence on the real appearance of the wood beam and the like, and is suitable for preventive protection of a large number of wood beams without obvious damage in a historical building brick-wood masonry structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of civil engineering technology, specifically a fully reversible composite bandage device and reinforcement method for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings. Technical Background

[0002] Many of my country's preserved historical buildings are brick-and-wood structures. Due to long-term loads and material aging, the wooden beams in these buildings are at risk of reduced safety redundancy and brittle failure. Reinforcing these wooden beams is a crucial task in the preservation of historical buildings.

[0003] Currently, reinforcement techniques for wooden beams mainly fall into two categories: The first is traditional reinforcement methods, such as surface bonding of carbon fiber cloth or steel plates. These methods rely on epoxy resin adhesives, whose connections are irreversible, permanently altering and potentially covering the original appearance of the wooden beam. Furthermore, the aging of the adhesive can cause secondary damage, failing to meet the core principles of "authenticity" and "reversibility" in the preservation of historical buildings. The second category is external reinforcement methods, such as adding rigid trusses to the outside of the wooden beam. While these methods allow for disassembly, they are essentially "reinforced replacement" structures designed for wooden beams that have already suffered significant damage or have severely insufficient load-bearing capacity. They use a large amount of steel, have relatively complex structures, and are visually intrusive, making them suitable for emergency reinforcement but not for the numerous wooden beams found in historical buildings that show no obvious damage during inspection but whose internal materials may have already begun to deteriorate. For these components, widespread use of truss reinforcement would result in unnecessary economic costs, construction burdens, and excessive intervention in the interior space and appearance of historical buildings.

[0004] Therefore, there is a significant gap in the current technological field: a lack of a lightweight, minimally invasive, fully reversible reinforcement technology and device specifically designed for the preventative protection needs of wooden beams in historical buildings, capable of effectively delaying performance degradation and preventing the risk of brittle failure. Existing technologies are either irreversible, compromising authenticity, or, while reversible, are overly intensive, costly, and require significant intervention, making them unsuitable for large-scale, preventative safety enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a composite bandage device and reinforcement method suitable for the preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings. This device enhances the load-bearing capacity of numerous, undamaged wooden beams in historical buildings, preventing the risk of brittle failure due to material deterioration. It features low cost, convenient construction, easy disassembly, and relatively minimal impact on the actual appearance of the wooden beams, making it suitable for the preventive protection of a large number of undamaged wooden beams in brick-and-wood masonry structures of historical buildings.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention employs the following technical means:

[0007] A composite bandage device suitable for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings, comprising:

[0008] Beam end hoops are installed at the ends of wooden beams to form a protective constraint on the ends of the wooden beams.

[0009] At least one longitudinal bandage is arranged along the span of the wooden beam. The longitudinal bandage is wrapped around the bottom connector of the end bandage at both ends of the wooden beam and then closed. The head and tail are connected by the first connecting lock to form a closed loop and are tensioned.

[0010] At least one circumferential bandage is wrapped around and tensioned around the wooden beam and the outer periphery of the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam;

[0011] A toothed adjustable elastic support pad is set at the position corresponding to the ring bandage, and is embedded between the ring bandage and the lower edge of the wooden beam. The toothed adjustable elastic support pad is provided with a slot for the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam to pass through.

[0012] Furthermore, the beam end enclosure sleeve includes a pair of end plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wooden beam, and the end plates are interlocked at the end face of the wooden beam by a mutually cooperating concave-convex structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the end plate is a bent steel plate, and the two end plates are connected by bolts on the upper surface of the wooden beam. A pivot box is connected to the lower surface of the wooden beam by a fastener. A pivot is rotatably connected to the pivot box. The two ends of the longitudinal strap at the bottom of the beam pass around the pivot on the pivot box at both ends of the wooden beam and are connected to each other to form a closed loop by a first connecting lock.

[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal strap at the bottom of the beam is a steel strip or a steel wire rope.

[0015] Furthermore, the toothed adjustable elastic support pad is a comb-shaped structure with one side closed and the other side open. Its top abuts against the lower edge of the wooden beam, and its bottom abuts against the ring bandage. The longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam passes through the comb teeth.

[0016] Furthermore, the toothed adjustable elastic support pad is provided with additional spare tooth grooves, into which rigid filler pieces can be inserted to adjust the effective support height of the elastic support pad.

[0017] Furthermore, the two ends of the ring bandage are tensioned and connected by a second connecting lock.

[0018] Furthermore, the first connecting lock and the second connecting lock are any one of the following: a clip-type anchor, a sleeve-type fastener, or a bolt pressure plate.

[0019] This invention further discloses a method for reinforcing wooden beams using the composite bandage device for preventative protection of wooden beams in historical buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. Install beam end hoops at both ends of the wooden beam;

[0021] S2. Wrap the longitudinal bandage around the ends of the wooden beam with a hoop, connect the ends with the first connecting lock, and perform initial tensioning to form a double-layer longitudinal bandage. S3. Insert at least one toothed adjustable elastic support pad between the tensioned longitudinal bandage and the lower edge of the wooden beam. By inserting the upper and lower bandages of the longitudinal bandage into the toothed adjustable elastic support pad at different heights, a secondary tensioning of the longitudinal bandage is achieved. S4. At the location of the toothed adjustable elastic support pad, use a ring bandage to wrap around the wooden beam and the pad, and tension and fix it. After the ring bandage is tensioned, the toothed adjustable elastic support pad is compressed, which partially releases the secondary tension of the longitudinal bandage. The tension of the recovered longitudinal bandage can be used for tensioning after the load is applied in the subsequent work stage. At the same time, the tightened ring bandage can inhibit the formation and expansion of diagonal cracks in the wooden beam at that location.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) Compared with conventional carbon fiber or steel-clad reinforcement techniques for wooden beams, this composite bandage device can reinforce wooden beams without the aid of epoxy resin adhesive, bolts, nails, etc. It achieves non-destructive reinforcement of the structure of historical buildings through self-balancing tension, and has the characteristics of reversibility. It meets the principle of minimal intervention for historical buildings and is suitable for the repair and reinforcement requirements of wooden beams in historical buildings.

[0024] 2) This device helps reduce the risk of various cracks occurring or spreading in wooden beams by using end hoops, longitudinal tensioning of the beam, elastic support at the bottom of the beam, and tension straps around the hoops. It also improves the load-bearing capacity of the wooden beams. Compared with existing truss technologies that can be used to reinforce damaged wooden beams in historical buildings, this device is characterized by low cost, convenient construction, easy disassembly, and relatively little impact on the actual appearance of the wooden beams. It is suitable for preventive protection of a large number of undamaged wooden beams in brick-and-wood masonry structures of historical buildings.

[0025] 3) The top support pad adopts an adjustable elastic structure with a toothed design and a reserved spare tooth groove. The effective support height can be flexibly adjusted by inserting a rigid filler plate. It can not only adapt to historical wooden beams with different cross-sectional dimensions, but also cope with slight deformation or settlement of wooden beams during long-term use, and always ensure the tension and support stability of the longitudinal straps at the bottom of the beam, thus improving the versatility and adaptability of the device.

[0026] 4) The beam end enclosure sleeves are interlocked by the concave and convex structure of the symmetrical end plates. Combined with the design of bolted connection on the upper surface and swivel box on the lower surface, it not only ensures the firmness of the end enclosure constraint, but also reduces the friction and wear at the turning point of the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam through the swivel, thus extending the service life of the bandage. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly process does not require cutting or drilling at the end of the wooden beam, further strengthening the core advantage of non-destructive reinforcement.

[0027] 5) The first and second connecting locks support a variety of types such as clamp-type anchors and sleeve-type fasteners, which can be flexibly matched according to the on-site construction conditions and the stress level of the wooden beams, reducing the difficulty of construction; at the same time, the lock-type connection method does not require complicated construction equipment, which facilitates quick on-site tensioning and adjustment, improving construction efficiency.

[0028] 6) All components of the device (beam end sleeves, longitudinal bandages, ring bandages, and top support blocks) are modularly designed. The number of longitudinal bandages, the spacing of the ring bandages, and the position of the top support blocks can be flexibly adjusted according to the span of the wooden beam and the load-bearing requirements. This not only adapts to the protection requirements of wooden beams of different specifications, but also facilitates the replacement and maintenance of individual components, reducing the later operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a composite bandage reinforcement device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end plate structure of the beam end enclosure sleeve of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end plate structure of the beam end enclosure sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft box of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the toothed adjustable elastic top support pad of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the toothed adjustable elastic top support pad and the wooden beam and the ring bandage of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a detailed structural diagram of the toothed adjustable elastic top support pad of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the winding position of the ring bandage of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10Schematic diagram of the detailed structure of the hoop bandage of the present invention;

[0039] In the figure: 1, wooden beam; 2, beam end enclosing hoop; 3, rotating shaft box; 4-1, longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam; 4-2, first connecting lock; 5-1, insert-tooth type adjustable elastic top support pad; 5-2, rigid wedge; 6-1, hoop bandage; 6-2, second connecting lock; 7, fixing bolt. Specific implementation mode

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] In this application, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 A specific implementation mode of a reinforcement device and method for wooden beams of historical buildings according to the present invention shown.

[0043] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a preventive protection composite bandage reinforcement device for wooden beams of historical buildings includes a beam end enclosing hoop 2, a rotating shaft box 3, an insert-tooth type adjustable elastic top support pad 5-1, a hoop bandage 6-1, and a longitudinal bandage 4-1 at the bottom of the beam.

[0044] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, there are two pairs of beam end enclosing hoops 2, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the wooden beam 1, and each pair of two end plates are bent steel plates, symmetrically arranged on the front and back sides of the wooden beam. The convex blocks and notches at the bent parts of the two steel plates on the beam end face are mutually embedded and buckled together to form an end face enclosure; a bolt connection point is provided at the top of one end of the enclosing hoop close to the center of the wooden beam, and the bottom end extends to the lower part of the wooden beam and is connected to the rotating shaft box 3 through the bolt connection point.

[0045] Refer to Figure 3-4As shown, the shaft box 3 consists of a groove-type structure with one end open and the other closed, a stiffening plate, and a shaft. The shaft is wound inside the shaft box with steel wire rope and thin steel strip, and the two ends are connected by a first connecting lock. When the steel wire rope and thin steel strip are pre-tensioned, they form a taut longitudinal girders at the bottom of the beam and tighten the hoops around the beam ends.

[0046] At least one ring bandage 6-1 is wrapped around and tensioned around the wooden beam and the outer periphery of the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam; after tensioning, the ring bandage 6-1 is connected by a second connecting lock.

[0047] The toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1 is set at the position corresponding to the ring bandage 6-1, and is embedded between the ring bandage 6-1 and the lower edge of the wooden beam 1. The toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1 is provided with a slot for the longitudinal bandage 4-1 at the bottom of the beam to pass through.

[0048] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, refer to Figure 5-6 As shown, the toothed adjustable elastic top support pad 5-1 is a comb-shaped structure with one side closed and the other side open. Its top abuts against the lower edge of the wooden beam 1, and its bottom abuts against the ring bandage 6-1. The longitudinal bandage 4-1 at the bottom of the beam passes through the comb teeth.

[0049] In this embodiment, the longitudinal bandage 4-1 at the bottom of the beam is made of thin steel strip and steel wire rope located on the left and right sides of the thin steel strip. The toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1 is filled at certain intervals along the beam axis at the bottom of the beam. The upper end of the toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1 is attached to the bottom of the wooden beam 1. The upper and lower layers of the double-layer steel wire rope and thin steel strip are embedded in the toothed grooves of different heights. The unused toothed grooves in the middle are filled with rigid wedges. Since the deflection at the middle of the wooden beam 1 is greater than that at both ends of the wooden beam, the toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1 in the middle of the span can be filled with more teeth between the upper and lower layers of the bandage to expand the interlayer spacing of the bandage. The newly added toothed grooves between the layers are still filled with rigid wedges. Similarly, the support force between the bottom of the beam and the upper longitudinal bandage can also be adjusted by embedding different numbers of teeth.

[0050] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the first connecting lock and the second connecting lock are any one of the following: a clip-type anchor, a sleeve-type fastener, or a bolt pressure plate.

[0051] A method for reinforcing wooden beams of historical buildings using a preventative protective composite bandage device includes the following steps:

[0052] 1) A pair of steel plates of the beam end enclosure 2 extend outward from the interior along both sides of the wooden beam 1. The protrusions and notches of the two steel plates at the bending parts of the beam end face interlock and lock together to form the end face enclosure. On the top surface of the wooden beam 1 adjacent to the support area, the two steel plates are bent and bolted together at the center line of the upper edge of the wooden beam 1. There are gaps on both sides of the center line for the horizontal wooden joists to be placed. On the bottom surface of the wooden beam 1 adjacent to the support area, the two steel plates are connected to the pivot box 3 by bolts. In this way, the steel plates complete the enclosure on all four sides of the beam end except for the top and bottom surfaces of the support part of the wooden beam 1, which improves the shear resistance of the wooden beam end.

[0053] 2) After the steel wire rope and thin steel strip pass around the rotating shaft inside the shaft box 3 at both ends of the beam, they are connected end to end by the first connecting lock 4-2 and tensioned by applying prestress to form a double-layer longitudinal tension band 4-1 at the bottom of the beam. Its pretension tightens the interlocking end plate at the end face of the wooden beam 1, strengthens the performance of the beam end enclosure sleeve 2, and at the same time, the tension force along the axial direction of the wooden beam 1 also reduces the possibility of transverse cracks in the wooden beam 1.

[0054] 3) At regular intervals along the beam axis, insert toothed adjustable elastic support pads 5-1 into the bottom of the beam. The longitudinal tension band 4-1 at the bottom of the beam, which is composed of steel wire rope and thin steel strip, has its upper and lower layers embedded in different grooves of the toothed adjustable elastic support pads 5-1. The insertion of the toothed adjustable elastic support pads 5-1 provides secondary tension for the tension of the longitudinal tension band 4-1 at the bottom of the beam. These toothed adjustable elastic support pads also provide the wooden beam 1 with an elastic pad layer with safety increment value. The tension can be adjusted by placing different numbers of teeth and rigid wedges between the upper and lower layers of the tension band and between the upper layer and the bottom of the beam.

[0055] 4) At each toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1, wrap the wooden beam 1 and the toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1 in a circumferential manner with a hoop bandage 6-1. Since the toothed adjustable elastic support pad 5-1 is compressed after being pressed, the hoop bandage 6-1 will partially release the secondary tension of the longitudinal bandage 4-1 at the bottom of the beam after being tightened. The tension of the recovered longitudinal bandage will be used for tensioning after the load is applied in the subsequent work stage. At the same time, the hoop bandage 6-1 can suppress the formation and expansion of diagonal cracks in the wooden beam at that location after being tightened.

[0056] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0057] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0058] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A composite bandage device suitable for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings, characterized in that, include: Beam end hoops are installed at the ends of wooden beams to form a protective constraint on the ends of the wooden beams. At least one longitudinal bandage is arranged along the span of the wooden beam. The longitudinal bandage is wrapped around the bottom connector of the end bandage at both ends of the wooden beam and then closed. The head and tail are connected by the first connecting lock to form a closed loop and are tensioned. At least one circumferential bandage is wrapped around and tensioned around the wooden beam and the outer periphery of the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam; A toothed adjustable elastic support pad is set at the position corresponding to the ring bandage, and is embedded between the ring bandage and the lower edge of the wooden beam. The toothed adjustable elastic support pad is provided with a slot for the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam to pass through.

2. The composite bandage device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beam end enclosure sleeve includes a pair of end plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wooden beam, and the end plates are interlocked at the end face of the wooden beam by a mutually cooperating concave-convex structure.

3. The composite bandage device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end plate is a bent steel plate. The two end plates are connected by bolts on the upper surface of the wooden beam and a rotating shaft box is connected to the lower surface of the wooden beam by a fastener. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft box. The two ends of the longitudinal strap at the bottom of the beam pass around the rotating shaft on the rotating shaft box at both ends of the wooden beam and are connected to each other through the first connecting lock to form a closed loop.

4. The composite bandage device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal bracing at the bottom of the beam is made of steel strip or steel wire rope.

5. The composite bandage device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable elastic support pad is a comb-shaped structure with one side closed and the other side open. Its top abuts against the lower edge of the wooden beam, and its bottom abuts against the ring bandage. The longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam passes through the comb teeth.

6. The composite bandage device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustable elastic support pad is provided with an additional spare tooth groove, into which a rigid filler piece can be inserted to adjust the effective support height of the elastic support pad.

7. The composite bandage device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two ends of the ring bandage are tensioned and connected by a second connecting lock.

8. The composite bandage device for preventive protection of wooden beams in historical buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first and second connecting locks are any one of the following: clip-type anchor, sleeve-type fastener, or bolt pressure plate.

9. A method for reinforcing wooden beams using the composite bandage device described in any one of claims 1-8 for preventative protection of wooden beams in historical buildings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install beam end hoops at both ends of the wooden beam; S2. Wrap the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam around the beam ends of the wooden beam and enclose it with a hoop. Use the first connecting lock to connect its head and tail and perform the first tensioning to form a double-layer longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam. S3. Insert at least one toothed adjustable elastic support pad between the tensioned longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam and the lower edge of the wooden beam. By inserting the upper and lower bandages of the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam into the toothed adjustable elastic support pad at different heights, the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam is tensioned a second time. S4. At the location of the toothed adjustable elastic support pad, use a hoop bandage to wrap around the wooden beam and the pad in a circumferential direction and tighten it. After the hoop bandage is tightened, the toothed adjustable elastic support pad will be compressed under pressure, which will partially release the secondary tension of the longitudinal bandage at the bottom of the beam. The tension of the recovered longitudinal bandage can be used for tensioning after the load is applied in the subsequent work stage. At the same time, the tightened hoop bandage can inhibit the formation and expansion of diagonal cracks in the wooden beam at that location.

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