Anti-collision unpowered self-adaptive shock absorber for discharging door of mine car

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction, and discloses a mine car discharge door anti-collision unpowered self-adaptive vibration damper which comprises a vibration reduction assembly and a cylinder barrel, a piston is arranged in the cylinder barrel, a guide rod is fixed to one side of the piston, a front plug and a rear plug are arranged on the two sides of the cylinder barrel respectively, an air bag is arranged in the rear plug, and a piston is arranged in the air bag. A jet hole and a through hole are formed in the piston, a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the cylinder barrel, the air bag is communicated with the second cavity, a flow blocking piece is arranged in the through hole, a movable connector is arranged at the end of the guide rod, and a static connector is fixed to one side of the rear plug. The damping device has the beneficial effects that through the arrangement of the damping assembly, damping can be provided to buffer the impact force of the carriage door when the carriage door is closed, impact noise is eliminated, the carriage and the carriage door structure are protected, the service life of a truck is prolonged, and normal opening of a discharging door of a mine car is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration reduction technology, and in particular to a non-powered adaptive vibration damper for preventing collisions at mine car unloading doors. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine transportation operations, coal mine trucks play a crucial role in transporting coal. The truck doors serve to control the unloading of coal during the unloading process. After the coal is unloaded, the truck doors will close under their own weight and the action of related structures, which can easily cause a strong impact on the truck body.

[0003] Due to the harsh transportation environment of coal mine trucks, the doors and cargo compartments are subjected to such impacts over a long period of time. This not only generates a lot of noise, affecting the working environment and the lives of nearby residents, but also leads to accelerated wear and tear on the connection between the doors and the cargo compartment, loosening of the structure, shortening the service life of the trucks, and increasing maintenance costs. Most existing coal mine trucks do not have special buffer devices for this door impact problem. A few use simple buffer packs / anti-collision pads, which have limited buffering effect and are very easy to wear, requiring frequent replacement, making it difficult to effectively solve the impact and noise problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or existing mine car unloading door anti-collision unpowered adaptive vibration dampers, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem that this invention aims to solve is that when the carriage door is closed, it will generate a strong impact on the carriage, resulting in increased wear and tear and structural loosening of the connection between the carriage door and the carriage.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper, comprising a vibration damping component, including a cylinder, a piston disposed inside the cylinder, a guide rod fixed on one side of the piston, a front plug and a rear plug respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder, an air bladder disposed inside the rear plug, a jet hole and a through hole opened on the piston, a first cavity and a second cavity opened inside the cylinder, the air bladder communicating with the second cavity, a flow obstruction component disposed inside the through hole, a dynamic connector disposed at the end of the guide rod, and a static connector fixed on one side of the rear plug.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, the flow obstruction component includes a blocking ball, a support rod is fixed to the inner wall of the through hole, a positioning column is fixed to one side of the support rod, and the blocking ball is movably connected to the outer side of the positioning column.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, wherein: the number of jet holes and the number of through holes are both multiple, and they are evenly distributed in a ring on the piston, and the shape of the through holes is conical.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive shock absorber of the present invention, wherein: the airbag is made of rubber elastomer material and has the tensile deformation properties of rubber material.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, it further includes an adjustment component disposed on one side of the piston. The adjustment component includes a rotating sleeve, and the piston has a groove. The rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the groove. A fixing rod is fixed on the outside of the rotating sleeve, and a stop block is fixed at the end of the fixing rod. The number of the stop blocks is consistent with the number of the jet holes.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, wherein: a force-bearing sleeve is inserted into the rotating sleeve, a first spring is fixed inside the force-bearing sleeve, the other end of the first spring is fixed to the inner wall of the groove, a spiral groove is opened on the rotating sleeve, a fixed shaft is fixed on one side of the force-bearing sleeve, and the fixed shaft slides in the spiral groove.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, wherein: a slider is fixed inside the rotating sleeve, a groove is provided on the force-bearing sleeve, and the slider slides in the groove.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, it further includes a protective component disposed on the cylinder. The protective component includes a connecting pipe fixed on the cylinder, a collection tank fixed on one side of the connecting pipe, and an elastic diaphragm fixed inside the collection tank.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, wherein: a fixing ring is fixed inside the connecting pipe, a baffle is provided at the bottom of the fixing ring, a fixing column is fixed at the bottom of the baffle, a positioning frame is fixed inside the connecting pipe, and a second spring is fixed at the top of the positioning frame.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper of the present invention, wherein: a movable rod is provided inside the cylinder, a force-bearing groove is provided on the fixed column, a pressing block is fixed at the bottom of the movable rod, a moving rod is provided on one side of the piston, a push block is fixed on the force-bearing sleeve, a locking block is fixed at the top of the moving rod, and a locking groove is provided on the movable rod.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by setting the vibration damping components, damping can be provided when the car door is closed to buffer the impact force of the car door, eliminate impact noise, protect the structure of the car and the car door, extend the service life of the car, and will not affect the normal opening of the mine car unloading door.

[0017] By adjusting the settings of the components, the resistance strength of the vibration damping components can be adaptively adjusted. When the closing pressure of the car door is too high, the damping force can be increased to reduce the closing speed of the car door, avoid rigid impact between the door and the car body, and effectively reduce impact noise. When the closing pressure of the car door is low, the damping force is reduced to shorten the closing time of the car door, and avoid the decrease in unloading efficiency caused by slow closing.

[0018] By designing the protective components, when the carriage door closes too quickly, causing the piston to rapidly squeeze the second cavity and resulting in a sudden increase in silicone oil pressure, some silicone oil will enter the collection tank. The collection tank absorbs the excess silicone oil pressure, thus preventing the airbag from directly bearing excessive silicone oil pressure and causing the airbag to rupture due to overpressure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a non-powered adaptive shock absorber for preventing collisions at the mine car unloading door.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the non-powered adaptive shock absorber for the mine car unloading door.

[0021] Figure 3 Side view of the piston structure of the non-powered adaptive shock absorber for the mine car unloading door.

[0022] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the piston structure of the non-powered adaptive shock absorber for the mine car unloading door.

[0023] Figure 5 Non-powered adaptive shock absorber for mine car unloading doors Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the movable sleeve and the load-bearing sleeve of the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper.

[0025] Figure 7 Cross-sectional structural diagram of the collection tank for the mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive shock absorber.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Vibration damping assembly; 11. Cylinder; 12. Piston; 13. Guide rod; 14. Front plug; 15. Rear plug; 16. Airbag; 121. Jet orifice; 122. Through hole; 111. First cavity; 112. Second cavity; 17. Flow obstruction; 18. Moving connector; 19. Stationary connector; 171. Blocking ball; 172. Support rod; 173. Positioning pin; 2. Adjustment assembly; 21. Rotating sleeve; 123. Groove; 22. Fixing rod; 23. Stop. 24. Force-bearing sleeve; 25. First spring; 211. Spiral groove; 26. Fixed shaft; 27. Slider; 241. Slide groove; 3. Protective component; 31. Connecting pipe; 32. Collection tank; 33. Elastic diaphragm; 34. Fixed ring; 35. Baffle; 36. Fixed column; 37. Positioning frame; 38. Second spring; 39. Movable rod; 361. Force-bearing groove; 310. Squeezing block; 311. Moving rod; 312. Push block; 313. Locking block; 314. Locking groove. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Example

[0030] Reference Figures 1-4This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper includes a vibration damping component 1, including a cylinder 11 filled with silicone oil. A piston 12 is disposed in the cylinder 11. A guide rod 13 is fixed on one side of the piston 12. A front plug 14 and a rear plug 15 are respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder 11. The guide rod 13 is movably connected to the front plug 14. An airbag 16 is disposed in the rear plug 15. A jet hole 121 and a through hole 122 are opened on the piston 12. A first cavity 111 and a second cavity 112 are opened in the cylinder 11. The piston 12 is located between the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112 and separates the two. The airbag 16 communicates with the second cavity 112. A flow obstruction element 17 is disposed in the through hole 122. A moving connector 18 is disposed at the end of the guide rod 13. A stationary connector 19 is fixed on one side of the rear plug 15.

[0031] There are multiple jet holes 121 and through holes 122, which are evenly distributed in a ring on the piston 12. The through holes 122 are conical in shape and are smaller on the left and larger on the right. With this shape, when silicone oil flows into the large hole from the small hole, the resistance experienced by the piston 12 will be reduced.

[0032] The flow obstruction component 17 includes a blocking ball 171. The diameter of the blocking ball 171 is larger than the small hole on the left side of the through hole 122. When the blocking ball 171 blocks the opening of the small hole on the left side, the silicone oil cannot enter the through hole 122. A support rod 172 is fixed to the inner wall of the through hole 122. A positioning post 173 is fixed to one side of the support rod 172. The blocking ball 171 is movably connected to the outer side of the positioning post 173.

[0033] The airbag 16 is made of rubber elastomer material, which has the tensile deformation properties of rubber material.

[0034] Fixed seats are welded on both the carriage body and the carriage door. The static connector is connected to the fixed seat on the carriage body with bolts, and the dynamic connector is connected to the fixed seat on the carriage door, thereby completing the installation of the vibration damping components.

[0035] When the cargo door is opened, the moving connector 18 drives the piston 12 to move into the first cavity 111. The silicone oil in the first cavity 111 enters the jet hole 121 and the through hole 122 on the piston 12. At this time, the silicone oil inside the through hole 122 pushes the blocking ball 171 to move, so that the blocking ball 171 releases the restriction on the through hole 122. At this time, the silicone oil flows into the second cavity 112 through the jet hole 121 and the through hole 122. At the same time, the silicone oil of the airbag 16 replenishes the second cavity 112. At this time, the damping force is small, and the cargo door can be opened easily, which can effectively prevent the phenomenon of the truck tilting due to the truck's center of gravity shifting because the cargo door cannot be opened in time.

[0036] When the carriage door is closed, under the action of gravity, the guide rod 13 will be pushed and drive the piston 12 to move towards the second cavity 112. At this time, the silicone oil that has entered the through hole 122 will push the blocking ball 171 to block the through hole 122, so that the silicone oil is only sprayed into the first cavity 111 through the jet hole 121. At this time, the movement of the piston 12 will generate a damping force, thereby consuming the impact force, making the carriage door close slowly, and eliminating noise.

[0037] Meanwhile, when the damping component 1 is in a compressed state, the sum of the volumes of the airbag 16 and the second cavity 112 is equal to the total volume of the first cavity 111 plus the guide rod 13 entering the cavity. The presence of the airbag 16 provides elastically adjustable space for the silicone oil in the cylinder 11. At the beginning of the compressed state, the airbag 16 is in a vacuum state. The hydraulic oil flowing into the second cavity 112 in a jet state will not cause backflow, resulting in a decrease or disappearance of the damping force. Instead, it will spontaneously flow to the airbag 16 due to the pressure, generating a stable and continuous damping force until the unloading gate is closed.

[0038] Traditional dampers rely on a rigid auxiliary cylinder and main cylinder for volume compensation, which requires additional space and results in a long overall length. However, the installation space near the mine car unloading door is limited, making it difficult for traditional dampers to fit. The airbag 16 achieves compensation through its own elastic deformation, eliminating the need for an additional rigid auxiliary cylinder. The airbag 16 can be directly attached to the end of the cylinder 11, shortening the overall length while maintaining the same diameter, perfectly fitting the narrow installation space of the mine car. At the same time, the short stroke means a shorter guide rod movement distance and a faster damping force response.

[0039] Furthermore, without the elastic compensation of the airbag 16, a mismatch in the volume of silicone oil inside the cylinder 11 will occur when the guide rod 13 moves: When closed, when the guide rod 13 enters the cylinder 11, there is excess silicone oil. If there is nowhere to contain it, it will cause excessive cylinder pressure and leakage of the sealing ring. When the door is opened, pulling out the guide rod 13 will cause insufficient silicone oil inside the cylinder 11, resulting in negative pressure inside the cylinder 11. This will cause air to enter and generate bubbles in the silicone oil, causing fluctuations in damping force. This may suddenly generate resistance when the door is opened, affecting the opening speed of the door.

[0040] The airbag 16 ensures that the cylinder is always filled with silicone oil by real-time volume compensation, thereby ensuring that the damping force is stable when closed and weak when opened. It supports the core function of fast opening and slow closing at the component level and avoids shock absorber failure due to compensation failure.

[0041] The airbag 16 has two installation directions. When the opening is connected to the second cavity 112, as the guide rod 13 moves from the first cavity 111 to the second cavity 112, the guide rod 13 occupies more and more of the volume inside the cavity, and the volume supplied to the silicone oil in the cavity becomes smaller. The excess silicone oil enters the airbag 16. With the movement of the guide rod, the airbag 16 is filled with silicone oil.

[0042] Conversely, when the airbag 16 is rotated towards the stationary connector assembly, the damper can also work normally. At this time, the airbag 16 is filled with air. When the guide rod 13 enters the first cavity 111, the excess silicone oil enters the buffer cavity to compress the airbag 16. When the guide rod 13 is pulled out, the silicone oil flows out and fills the first and second cavities. The presence of the airbag 16 provides a buffer space for the silicone oil. Compared with traditional dampers, this invention has a short stroke, small size, and is simple and practical. It allows workers to choose the opening direction of the airbag 16 according to the actual space of the mine car without the need for additional drilling, welding of brackets, or other modifications to the mine car. It is compatible with most coal mine truck models and further expands the applicability of the vibration damping component 1. Example

[0043] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment.

[0044] Specifically, it also includes an adjustment component 2, which is set on one side of the piston 12. The adjustment component 2 includes a rotating sleeve 21. A groove 123 is provided on the piston 12. The rotating sleeve 21 is rotatably connected in the groove 123. A fixing rod 22 is fixed on the outside of the rotating sleeve 21. A stop block 23 is fixed at the end of the fixing rod 22. The stop block 23 is semi-circular. The number of stop blocks 23 is consistent with the number of jet holes 121.

[0045] Specifically, a force-bearing sleeve 24 is inserted into the rotating sleeve 21, and a first spring 25 is fixed inside the force-bearing sleeve 24. The first spring 25 is conical and has two-stage stiffness, with the first stage having low stiffness and the second stage having high stiffness, adapting to different pressure ranges. The other end of the first spring 25 is fixed to the inner wall of the groove 123. A spiral groove 211 is provided on the rotating sleeve 21, and a fixed shaft 26 is fixed on one side of the force-bearing sleeve 24. The fixed shaft 26 slides in the spiral groove 211.

[0046] The closing pressure of the carriage door is essentially determined by the slope angle of the door's gravity component plus the door's motion inertia, which is ultimately converted into the pressure of the silicone oil in the second cavity 112. High closing pressure of the carriage door leads to high silicone oil pressure, and low closing pressure of the carriage door leads to low silicone oil pressure.

[0047] The damping force is determined by the resistance of the silicone oil through the jet hole 121 on the piston 12. The smaller the effective area of ​​the jet hole, the greater the resistance and the higher the damping force. Therefore, by controlling the jet hole area through the silicone oil pressure signal, the adaptive matching of pressure damping can be directly achieved.

[0048] Because the speed and pressure of the carriage door when it closes will vary depending on the slope on which the vehicle is parked. If the front of the vehicle is uphill and the rear is downhill, the pressure generated when the carriage door closes will be smaller. At this time, the pressure of the silicone oil will be smaller, so it will not compress the first spring 25. At this time, the resistance encountered by the piston 12 when it moves will be smaller, and it will not affect the normal closing of the carriage door.

[0049] If the rear of the vehicle is going uphill, the pressure generated when the door closes is relatively large. When the piston 12 moves, the silicone oil pressure will push the force-bearing sleeve 24 to move, and compress the front part of the first spring 25 through the force-bearing sleeve 24. When the force-bearing sleeve 24 moves, it will drive the fixed shaft 26 to slide in the spiral groove 211. Through the cooperation of the two, the rotating sleeve 21 will rotate. The rotating sleeve 21 will drive the fixed rod 22 and the stop block 23 to rotate, so that the stop block 23 blocks part of the flow area of ​​the jet hole 121, reducing the flow area of ​​the jet hole 121. At this time, the resistance of the silicone oil to the piston 12 increases, which reduces the moving speed of the piston 12, thereby preventing the door from closing at a normal speed and avoiding the situation where the door closes too quickly and causes an impact when the closing pressure is too high.

[0050] If the slope angle increases, causing the door closing pressure to continue to increase, the force-bearing sleeve 24 will continue to move and compress the rear section of the first spring 25. At this time, the stop block 23 will increase the obstruction of the jet hole 121 and further reduce the flow area of ​​the jet hole 121. This will enable the adaptive effect of increasing damping when the pressure is high and decreasing damping when the pressure is low. When the mine car door closes on the slope, the damping force can adaptively match the pressure fluctuation, preventing impact and slow door closing.

[0051] Specifically, a slider 27 is fixed inside the rotating sleeve 21, and a groove 241 is provided on the force-bearing sleeve 24. The slider 27 slides in the groove 241. The two work together to limit the force-bearing sleeve 24 and prevent the force-bearing sleeve 24 from rotating when it moves. Example

[0052] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the first two embodiments.

[0053] Specifically, it also includes a protective component 3, which is installed on the cylinder 11. The protective component 3 includes a connecting pipe 31 fixed on the cylinder 11. The connecting pipe 31 is connected to the cylinder 11. A collection tank 32 is fixed on one side of the connecting pipe 31. An elastic diaphragm 33 is fixed inside the collection tank 32. It is made of rubber elastomer material and has the tensile deformation properties of rubber material. The silicone oil entering the collection tank 32 will compress the elastic diaphragm 33, causing it to deform.

[0054] Specifically, a fixing ring 34 is fixed inside the connecting pipe 31, and a baffle 35 is provided at the bottom of the fixing ring 34. The baffle 35 fits against the bottom of the fixing ring 34, and the two work together to seal the connecting pipe 31 to prevent silicone oil from entering the collection tank 32 when it flows under normal pressure. A fixing post 36 is fixed at the bottom of the baffle 35, and a positioning frame 37 is fixed inside the connecting pipe 31. The fixing post 36 is movably connected to the positioning frame 37. A second spring 38 is fixed at the top of the positioning frame 37. The second spring 38 is used to support the baffle 35 and prevent the baffle 35 from falling downward.

[0055] Specifically, a movable rod 39 is provided inside the cylinder 11. The two ends of the movable rod 39 are inserted into the front plug 14 and the rear plug 15 respectively, and there is room for the movable rod 39 to move within both plugs. A through groove is provided on the piston 12, and the movable rod 39 is movably connected to the through groove. A force-receiving groove 361 is provided on the fixed column 36, and the movable rod 39 is movably connected to the force-receiving groove 361. A pressing block 310 is fixed to the bottom of the movable rod 39, with one side of the pressing block 310 inclined. A pressure block 310 is provided on one side of the piston 12. There is a movable rod 311, and a stabilizing frame is fixed on one side of the piston 12. The movable rod 311 is movably connected to the stabilizing frame. The movable rod 311 is L-shaped. A push block 312 is fixed on the force-bearing sleeve 24. One side of the push block 312 is inclined and cooperates with the bottom end of the movable rod 311. A locking block 313 is fixed at the top of the movable rod 311. Both sides of the locking block 313 are inclined. A locking groove 314 is opened on the movable rod 39. There are multiple locking grooves 314, which are evenly distributed in a straight line on the movable rod 39.

[0056] When the door closes under excessive pressure, the force-bearing sleeve 24 compresses the rear section of the first spring 25. Simultaneously, the force-bearing sleeve 24 drives the push block 312 to press against the moving rod 311, causing the moving rod 311 to move upward and engage the locking block 313 with the locking groove 314. This combination increases the friction between the piston 12 and the movable rod 39, making the friction greater than the elastic force of the second spring 38. The piston 12 then drives the movable rod 39 to move, causing the movable rod 39 to push against the inner wall of the force-bearing groove 361 with the pressing block 310. This combination causes the fixed column 36 and the baffle 35 to move downward, allowing the baffle 35 to separate from the fixed ring 34. At this time, some of the excessively pressurized silicone oil will flow into the collection tank 32, ensuring that the pressure on the airbag 16 always operates within a safe pressure range. This prevents the airbag 16 from undergoing irreversible deformation or rupture due to overpressure, thereby extending the service life of the airbag 16.

[0057] When the movement of the movable rod 39 inside the rear plug 15 is obstructed, the locking block 313 will separate from the locking groove 314 under the pressure of the piston 12's movement, thus not obstructing the movement of the piston 12. Furthermore, through the arrangement of multiple locking grooves 314, the piston 12 can continuously apply a pushing force to the movable rod 39 during its movement, keeping the movable rod 39 in its current position and causing the pressing block 310 to continuously press against the inner wall of the force groove 361, thereby ensuring that the baffle 35 is always in the open state.

[0058] When the piston 12 moves into the first cavity 111, it releases the thrust on the movable rod 39. At this time, the reset force of the elastic diaphragm 33 pushes the silicone oil downward and opens the baffle 35 downward through the silicone oil, so that the silicone oil can flow into the cylinder 11 again.

[0059] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-powered adaptive vibration damper for anti-collision of mine car unloading doors, characterized in that: include, The vibration damping assembly (1) includes a cylinder (11), a piston (12) is provided inside the cylinder (11), a guide rod (13) is fixed on one side of the piston (12), a front plug (14) and a rear plug (15) are provided on both sides of the cylinder (11), an airbag (16) is provided inside the rear plug (15), a jet hole (121) and a through hole (122) are provided on the piston (12), a first cavity (111) and a second cavity (112) are provided inside the cylinder (11), the airbag (16) communicates with the second cavity (112), a flow-blocking element (17) is provided inside the through hole (122), a moving connector (18) is provided at the end of the guide rod (13), and a stationary connector (19) is fixed on one side of the rear plug (15).

2. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flow obstruction component (17) includes a blocking ball (171), a support rod (172) is fixed to the inner wall of the through hole (122), a positioning post (173) is fixed to one side of the support rod (172), and the blocking ball (171) is movably connected to the outer side of the positioning post (173).

3. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The number of jet holes (121) and through holes (122) are both multiple, and they are evenly distributed in a ring on the piston (12). The shape of the through holes (122) is conical.

4. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The airbag (16) is made of rubber elastomer material and has the tensile deformation properties of rubber material.

5. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment component (2) disposed on one side of the piston (12). The adjustment component (2) includes a rotating sleeve (21). The piston (12) has a groove (123) on it. The rotating sleeve (21) is rotatably connected to the groove (123). A fixing rod (22) is fixed on the outside of the rotating sleeve (21). A stop block (23) is fixed at the end of the fixing rod (22). The number of the stop blocks (23) is the same as the number of the jet holes (121).

6. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A force-bearing sleeve (24) is inserted into the rotating sleeve (21). A first spring (25) is fixed inside the force-bearing sleeve (24). The other end of the first spring (25) is fixed to the inner wall of the groove (123). A spiral groove (211) is opened on the rotating sleeve (21). A fixed shaft (26) is fixed on one side of the force-bearing sleeve (24). The fixed shaft (26) slides in the spiral groove (211).

7. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A slider (27) is fixed inside the rotating sleeve (21), and a groove (241) is provided on the force-bearing sleeve (24). The slider (27) slides in the groove (241).

8. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: It also includes a protective component (3) disposed on the cylinder (11). The protective component (3) includes a connecting pipe (31) fixed on the cylinder (11). A collection tank (32) is fixed on one side of the connecting pipe (31). An elastic diaphragm (33) is fixed inside the collection tank (32).

9. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A fixing ring (34) is fixed inside the connecting pipe (31). A baffle (35) is provided at the bottom of the fixing ring (34). A fixing post (36) is fixed at the bottom of the baffle (35). A positioning frame (37) is fixed inside the connecting pipe (31). A second spring (38) is fixed at the top of the positioning frame (37).

10. The mine car unloading door anti-collision non-powered adaptive vibration damper as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The cylinder (11) is provided with a movable rod (39), the fixed column (36) is provided with a force groove (361), the bottom of the movable rod (39) is fixed with a pressing block (310), the piston (12) is provided with a moving rod (311) on one side, the force sleeve (24) is fixed with a push block (312), the top of the moving rod (311) is fixed with a locking block (313), and the movable rod (39) is provided with a locking groove (314).

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