System and method for detecting comprehensive performance of handrail for building

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building handrail performance detection, and discloses a building handrail comprehensive performance detection system and method, and the system comprises a main body frame, a multifunctional loading unit, a soft weight impact unit, and a control unit. The multifunctional loading unit is mounted on the main body frame and is used for applying static loads at various angles to the handrail; the soft weight impact unit is mounted on the main body frame and is used for applying an impact load to the handrail panel; and the control unit is used for controlling detection actions of the multifunctional loading unit and the soft weight impact unit and receiving feedback signals. According to the invention, a plurality of mandatory safety performance detection functions are integrated in one set of detection system, and an operator does not need to repeatedly construct and disassemble a plurality of sets of special equipment for different detection items, so that one-stop multifunctional detection is realized, the problem of low efficiency caused by equipment switching and repeated installation in a traditional mode is avoided, and the detection efficiency is improved. And the overall detection efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of performance testing technology for building railings, and in particular to a comprehensive performance testing system and method for building railings. Background Technology

[0002] Building railings are crucial components for ensuring building safety, and their resistance to horizontal / vertical thrust and impact are mandatory safety performance indicators. The soft-weight impact test simulates the breakage and protective performance of railings when impacted by a large, soft object such as a human body; the horizontal / vertical thrust resistance test assesses the deformation performance of railings under the pressure of a crowd. These two types of tests are key methods for evaluating the quality and safety reliability of glass and metal railings.

[0003] Currently, when testing the horizontal / vertical thrust resistance of railings according to existing standards, it is usually necessary to set up a dedicated fixed support on-site and adjust the position of the support according to the specific span of the railing. The installation process is cumbersome, has poor adaptability, and is inefficient. In addition, when conducting repeated horizontal loading tests on railings, manual hand-cranking loading is commonly used, which is not only labor-intensive, but also makes it difficult to guarantee the loading speed and stability, affecting the accuracy and efficiency of the test.

[0004] Existing railing testing equipment on the market often has limited functionality, requiring multiple sets of devices for different performance tests. This leads to complex on-site installation, increased time consumption, and low overall testing efficiency. Furthermore, factors such as the railing's installation environment and span variations further increase the difficulty of equipment installation and adjustment. Current testing equipment largely relies on manual operation, making it difficult to achieve precise control and stable maintenance of load forces. The testing process is significantly affected by human factors, resulting in insufficient reliability and repeatability of the results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive performance testing system and method for building railings, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: On the one hand, the present invention provides a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, including a main frame; A multi-functional loading unit, installed on the main frame, is used to apply static loads at multiple angles to the railing; A soft heavy object impact unit is installed on the main frame and is used to apply impact load to the railing panel; The control unit is communicatively connected to the multifunctional loading unit and the soft heavy object impact unit, and is used to control the detection actions of the multifunctional loading unit and the soft heavy object impact unit and receive feedback signals.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, the multi-functional loading unit includes an adjustment mechanism, which is movably connected to a movable support for adjusting the tilt angle of the movable support relative to the main frame. At least one force-applying mechanism is movably mounted on the movable support, and a pressure sensor is installed at the output end of the force-applying mechanism for detecting the force value of the force-applying mechanism. A force-transmitting component is connected to the end of the pressure sensor away from the force-applying mechanism, and the force-transmitting component is connected to the railing.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, the adjustment mechanism includes a first adjustment device and a second adjustment device. The first adjustment device is used to drive the movable support to rise and fall; the second adjustment device is used to drive the movable support to rotate, so that it can adjust the tilt angle.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, the movable support includes a first support and two second supports. The first adjustment device is connected to the second supports, and the two second supports are disposed on both sides of the first support and movably connected thereto. The second adjustment device is connected to the second supports, and a slide rail is installed on the second supports. A slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the force application mechanism is installed on the slider.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, the first adjustment device is a first servo electric cylinder, which is installed on the main frame and the output end of the first servo electric cylinder is connected to the second bracket. The second adjustment device includes a servo motor, which is mounted on the second bracket, and a drive gear is mounted on the output end of the servo motor. Arc-shaped gears are mounted on both sides of the first bracket, and the drive gear meshes with the arc-shaped gears.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, the force-applying mechanism is a second servo electric cylinder, and the force-transmitting component is a buckle for connecting the railing handrail or a suction cup for adsorbing the railing panel.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, the soft-weight impact unit includes a shot bag, a lifting and traction mechanism, a swinging and traction mechanism, and a distance measuring mechanism. The lifting and traction mechanism is connected to the upper end of the shot bag and is used to adjust the height of the shot bag. The swinging and traction mechanism is connected to one side of the shot bag and is used to adjust the swing angle of the shot bag. The distance measuring mechanism is installed on the shot bag and is used to monitor the real-time height of the shot bag.

[0013] As a preferred solution for a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, the lifting and traction mechanism includes a pulley, a first steel strand, a first stepper motor, and a first roller. The pulley is detachably installed on the main frame. The output end of the first stepper motor is connected to the first roller. One end of the first steel strand is wound around the first roller, and the other end passes around the pulley and is connected to the upper end of the shotgun bag. The swing traction mechanism includes a second steel strand, a second stepper motor, a second roller, and a finger cylinder. The output shaft of the second stepper motor is connected to the second roller. One end of the second steel strand is wound around the second roller, and the other end is connected to the finger cylinder. The output end of the finger cylinder is connected to one side of the shotgun bag via a rope buckle.

[0014] The swing traction mechanism includes a second steel strand, a second stepper motor, and a second drum. The output shaft of the second stepper motor is connected to the second drum. One end of the steel strand is wound around the second drum, and the other end is connected to the center of gravity of the shotgun bag through a rope buckle.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, a horizontal support leg is installed on the side of the main frame away from the multi-functional loading unit, and the horizontal support leg abuts against the wall; a vertical support leg is also installed on the main frame, and the vertical support leg abuts against the ground.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for comprehensive performance testing of building railings, comprising the following steps: S1. Select the performance detection mode to be executed through the control unit; The performance testing modes include the horizontal load resistance performance testing mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance testing mode, the vertical load resistance performance testing mode, and the soft heavy object impact resistance performance testing mode. S2. If the selected mode is the horizontal load resistance performance test mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance test mode, or the vertical load resistance performance test mode, then execute: According to the performance test mode to be executed, the movable support is adjusted to the target position and target angle through the adjustment mechanism, and the force transmission component is connected to the corresponding position of the railing under test. When the selected mode is the horizontal load resistance performance test mode or the vertical load resistance performance test mode, the force transmission component is a buckle connected to the railing handrail. When the selected mode is the horizontal repeated load resistance performance test mode, the force transmission component is a suction cup that is adsorbed to the railing panel. If the selected mode is the soft heavy object impact resistance test mode, then execute: The shot bag is pulled to the target height by lifting the traction mechanism, and then pulled to the target angle by swinging the traction mechanism. S3. Start the automatic detection process. The control unit calls the corresponding control logic according to the selected mode: For the horizontal load resistance performance testing mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance testing mode, or the vertical load resistance performance testing mode, the force application mechanism is controlled to act according to the set parameters, and the load is applied, maintained, or cyclically changed through the real-time feedback of the pressure sensor. For the soft heavy object impact resistance test mode, control the lifting traction mechanism and the swing traction mechanism so that the shot bag impacts the railing panel at the set energy level. S4. After the loading or impact ends, the control unit records the deformation displacement and apparent quality status of the railing, and evaluates the structural performance and safety level of the railing under the corresponding mode based on this.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention integrates multiple mandatory safety performance testing functions of railings, such as resistance to horizontal loads, resistance to repeated horizontal loads, resistance to vertical loads, and resistance to impacts from soft heavy objects, into a single testing system. Operators no longer need to repeatedly set up and disassemble multiple sets of specialized equipment for different testing items, thus achieving one-stop multi-functional testing. After selecting a testing mode, the system can complete the entire process from equipment configuration and parameter setting to loading and execution, avoiding the inefficiency caused by equipment switching and repeated installation in traditional methods, and improving the overall testing efficiency.

[0018] (2) The present invention realizes the rapid and precise adjustment of the orientation, height and force application point of the movable support through the integrated adjustment mechanism, so that the same set of mechanisms can flexibly adapt to various railing detection scenarios with different heights, different tilt angles and different spans. Operators only need to select the mode and set the parameters through the control unit, which greatly reduces the complexity of on-site operation and makes the detection work more convenient and safe. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the comprehensive performance testing system for building railings described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional loading unit in a horizontal state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional loading unit in a vertical state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the multifunctional loading unit described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the multifunctional loading unit described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the force-applying mechanism described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the soft heavy object impact unit described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention installed on the main frame.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the individual structure of the soft heavy object impact unit described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the module of the comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Main frame; 11. Horizontal support legs; 12. Vertical support legs; 13. Uprights; 14. Horizontal bars; 15. Vertical bars; 2. Multifunctional loading unit; 21. Adjustment mechanism; 211. First adjustment device; 212. Second adjustment device; 2121. Servo motor; 2122. Drive gear; 2123. Arc gear; 22. Movable bracket; 221. First bracket; 222. Second bracket; 223. Slide rail; 224. Slider; 23. Force application mechanism; 24. Pressure sensor; 25. Force transmission component; 251. Buckle; 252. Suction cup; 3. Soft heavy object impact unit; 31. Shot bag; 32. Lifting and traction mechanism; 321. Pulley; 322. First steel strand; 323. First stepper motor; 324. First roller; 33. Swinging traction mechanism; 331. Second steel strand; 332. Second stepper motor; 333. Second roller; 334. Finger cylinder; 335. Rope buckle; 34. Distance measuring mechanism; 4. Control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a comprehensive performance testing system for building railings. The system includes a main frame 1, a multi-functional loading unit 2, a soft-weight impact unit 3, and a control unit 4. Both the multi-functional loading unit 2 and the soft-weight impact unit 3 are mounted on the main frame 1. The multi-functional loading unit 2 applies static loads at various angles to the railing, enabling testing of its resistance to horizontal loads, repeated horizontal loads, vertical loads, and oblique angle loads. The soft-weight impact unit 3 applies impact loads to the railing panels, enabling testing of its resistance to soft-weight impacts. The control unit 4 is communicatively connected to both the multi-functional loading unit 2 and the soft-weight impact unit 3, controlling their detection actions and receiving feedback signals.

[0036] The main frame 1, serving as the basic support structure, is preferably constructed by welding or connecting steel round tubes with a specification of 50×4mm, and includes uprights 13, horizontal bars 14, and vertical bars 15. This design facilitates quick on-site assembly and disassembly and adapts to different sites. The first adjustment device 211 of the multi-functional loading unit 2 can be detachably installed on the uprights 13 of the main frame 1 via an installation assembly, and the position of the first adjustment device 211 can be freely adjusted according to the height required for testing.

[0037] To enhance the stability of the main frame 1, it is also equipped with horizontal support legs 11 and vertical support legs 12. The horizontal support legs 11 are installed on the side of the main frame 1 furthest from the multi-functional loading unit 2 and abut against the wall, used to withstand the reaction force of the railing from the multi-functional loading unit 2 or the soft heavy object impact unit 3 during the testing process. The vertical support legs 12 can be installed on the left and right sides of the main frame 1, abutting against the ground, to improve the stability of the main frame 1.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the multi-functional loading unit 2 is a device for detecting resistance to horizontal loads, horizontal repeated loads, vertical loads, and oblique angle loads. Its core is a force application platform that can be adjusted with multiple degrees of freedom, specifically including an adjustment mechanism 21, a movable support 22, at least one force application mechanism 23, a pressure sensor 24, and a force transmission component 25, etc.

[0039] The adjustment mechanism 21 is movably connected to the movable support 22 and is used to adjust the tilt angle of the movable support 22 relative to the main frame 1; the force application mechanism 23 is movably installed on the movable support 22, and the pressure sensor 24 is installed on the output end of the force application mechanism 23 for detecting the force value of the force application mechanism 23; while the force transmission component 25 is installed at the end of the pressure sensor 24 away from the force application mechanism 23, and the other end of the force transmission component 25 is connected to the railing for positioning.

[0040] The movable support 22 specifically includes a first support 221 and two second supports 222. The two second supports 222 are disposed on both sides of the first support 221 and are movably connected to it, so that the first support 221 can rotate relative to the second supports 222.

[0041] The first support 221 is preferably welded from 40×4mm square steel tubing to form a rectangular steel frame, with a preferred size of 2000mm×600mm. A slide rail 223 is mounted on the first support 221, and a slider 224 is slidably connected to the slide rail 223. The force-applying mechanism 23 is mounted on the slider 224.

[0042] It is understood that the slide rail 223 in this embodiment preferably has a convex cross-section, while the slider 224 preferably has a concave cross-section, so that the slider 224 and the slide rail 223 can slide together. The slider 224 is also provided with M6 bolt holes, and the force-applying mechanism 23 is fixed to the slider 224 by a 6mm diameter pin.

[0043] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjustment mechanism 21 in this embodiment is used to realize the up-down and rotational movements of the movable support 22. Specifically, it includes a first adjustment device 211 and a second adjustment device 212. The first adjustment device 211 is used to drive the movable support 22 to rise and fall; the second adjustment device 212 is used to drive the movable support 22 to rotate, so that it can adjust the tilt angle.

[0044] The first adjustment device 211 preferably employs a first servo electric cylinder, which is mounted on the main frame 1, and its output end is connected to the second bracket 222. The second adjustment device 212 specifically includes a servo motor 2121, which is mounted on the second bracket 222. A drive gear 2122 is mounted on the output end of the servo motor 2121, and arc-shaped gears 2123 are mounted on both sides of the first bracket 221, with the drive gear 2122 meshing with the arc-shaped gears 2123. When the adjustment mechanism 21 operates, the first servo electric cylinder first drives the second bracket 222 and the first bracket 221 to move up and down to the target height. Then, the servo motor 2121 drives the drive gear 2122 to rotate, which in turn drives the arc-shaped gears 2123 and the first bracket 221 to rotate. The rotation angle can be adjusted according to the selected detection mode. After the rotation angle is determined, a pin connects the first bracket 221 and the second bracket 222, thereby locking the first bracket 221.

[0045] This embodiment achieves rapid and precise adjustment of the orientation, height, and force application point of the movable support 22 through the integrated adjustment mechanism 21. This allows the same mechanism to flexibly adapt to various railing inspection scenarios with different heights, tilt angles, and spans. Operators only need to select modes and set parameters through the control unit 4, which greatly reduces the complexity of on-site operation and makes the inspection work more convenient and safer.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the number of force-applying mechanisms 23 is preferably two. Both force-applying mechanisms 23 are slidably engaged with the slide rail 223 via sliders 224. The operator can adjust the distance between the two force-applying mechanisms 23 on the slide rail 223 according to the span of the rail being tested. When performing horizontal load resistance testing, it is preferably set at the midpoint of two adjacent spans; when performing vertical load resistance testing, it is preferably set at the third point of a single span; when performing horizontal repeated load resistance testing, it is preferably set at the center of a single span panel.

[0047] Furthermore, the force-applying mechanism 23 preferably employs a second servo electric cylinder. This second servo electric cylinder receives digital commands from the control unit 4, and its built-in servo motor and precision ball screw pair convert rotary motion into linear motion of the push rod. Through closed-loop feedback with the pressure sensor 24, the system can simultaneously perform real-time, precise closed-loop control of both the output force and the push rod stroke. This ensures that in static load tests such as those against horizontal and vertical loads, the load accurately reaches and stably maintains the set value; in repeated load tests, it can accurately complete a preset number of push-pull cycles with a specific force amplitude, completely eliminating the instability of manual operation.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the force transmission component 25 in this embodiment can be adjusted according to the selected detection mode to improve the positioning effect; when the selected mode is the horizontal load resistance performance detection mode or the vertical load resistance performance detection mode, the force transmission component 25 adopts a buckle 251 connected to the railing handrail; when the selected mode is the horizontal repeated load resistance performance detection mode, the force transmission component 25 adopts a suction cup 252 that is adsorbed to the railing panel.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, the soft heavy object impact unit 3 in this embodiment is used to perform impact resistance performance testing and works independently of the multi-functional loading unit 2. Specifically, it includes a shotbag 31, a lifting traction mechanism 32, a swing traction mechanism 33, and a ranging mechanism 34. The lifting traction mechanism 32 is connected to the upper end of the shotbag 31 and is used to adjust the height of the shotbag 31. The swing traction mechanism 33 is connected to one side of the shotbag 31 and is used to adjust the swing angle of the shotbag 31. The ranging mechanism 34 is set on the shotbag 31 and is used to monitor the real-time height of the shotbag 31.

[0050] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the lifting and traction mechanism 32 specifically includes a pulley 321, a first steel strand 322, a first stepper motor 323, and a first drum 324. The pulley 321 is detachably mounted on the main frame 1. The output end of the first stepper motor 323 is connected to the first drum 324. One end of the first steel strand 322 is wound around the first drum 324, and the other end passes around the pulley 321 and connects to the upper end of the shotgun bag 31. When the first stepper motor 323 is started, the first drum 324 will rotate to wind up or release the first steel strand 322, which will drive the shotgun bag 31 to move up and down.

[0051] The swing traction mechanism 33 specifically includes a second steel strand 331, a second stepper motor 332, a second roller 333, and a finger cylinder 334. The output shaft of the second stepper motor 332 is connected to the second roller 333. One end of the second steel strand 331 is wound around the second roller 333, and the other end is connected to the finger cylinder 334. The finger cylinder 334 is connected to one side of the shotgun bag 31 via a rope buckle 335. When the second stepper motor 332 is started, the second roller 333 will rotate to wind up or release the second steel strand 331, which will cause the shotgun bag 31 to swing back and forth.

[0052] Once the height and swing angle of the shotgun bag 31 are adjusted, the control unit 4 controls the finger cylinder 334 to release the rope buckle 335. The shotgun bag 31 will impact the railing panel under the action of gravitational potential energy, thereby testing the railing panel's resistance to soft heavy object impact.

[0053] It should be noted that the ranging mechanism 34 in this embodiment preferably uses a laser ranging sensor, with its laser emission vertically downwards, for real-time measurement of the vertical distance from the shotgun bag 31 to the ground. Laser ranging offers millimeter-level or even higher resolution and repeatability, accurately capturing minute changes in the height of the shotgun bag 31 during lifting and swinging. Its non-contact working principle avoids friction, jamming, or interference that may result from mechanical contact, ensuring the reliability of the measurement process and the accuracy of the data, which is crucial for rigorous impact testing according to standard heights.

[0054] Example 2: like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for comprehensive performance testing of building railings, including the following steps: S1. Select the performance detection mode to be executed through control unit 4; The performance testing modes include horizontal load resistance performance testing mode, horizontal repeated load resistance performance testing mode, vertical load resistance performance testing mode, and soft heavy object impact resistance performance testing mode. S2. If the selected mode is the horizontal load resistance performance test mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance test mode, or the vertical load resistance performance test mode, then execute: According to the performance test mode to be executed, the movable support 22 is adjusted to the target position and target angle by the adjustment mechanism 21, and the force transmission component 25 is connected to the corresponding position of the railing under test. If the selected mode is the soft heavy object impact resistance test mode, then execute: The shotgun bag 31 is pulled to the target height by lifting traction mechanism 32, and then pulled to the target angle by swing traction mechanism 33. S3. Start the automatic detection process. Control unit 4 calls the corresponding control logic according to the selected mode: For the horizontal load resistance performance test mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance test mode, or the vertical load resistance performance test mode, the force application mechanism 23 is controlled to act according to the set parameters, and the load is applied, maintained, or cyclically changed through the real-time feedback of the pressure sensor 24. For the soft heavy object impact performance testing mode, control the lifting traction mechanism 32 and the swing traction mechanism 33 to make the shot bag 31 impact the railing panel at the set energy level. S4. After the loading or impact ends, the control unit 4 records the deformation displacement and apparent quality status of the railing, and evaluates the structural performance and safety level of the railing under the corresponding mode based on this.

[0055] More specifically, during the horizontal load resistance performance testing mode, the control unit 4 controls the second adjustment device 212 to adjust the first support 221 to a horizontal position, and controls the first adjustment device 211 to adjust the first support 221 to be flush with the railing handrail, then locks it. The operator moves the force application mechanism 23 on the two sliders 224 to the corresponding adjacent midpoints and fixes the buckle 251 to the corresponding point on the handrail; then, the target thrust value is input into the control unit 4. The test is started, the two force application mechanisms 23 apply force synchronously, the pressure sensor 24 provides real-time feedback, and the control unit 4 performs closed-loop control until the force value is reached and maintained at the set value. The railing deflection and status are recorded. After the test is completed, the force application mechanism 23 is retracted and the buckle 251 is removed.

[0056] During the horizontal repeated load resistance test mode, control unit 4 controls second adjustment device 212 to adjust first bracket 221 to a horizontal position, and controls first adjustment device 211 to adjust first bracket 221 to be flush with the railing panel, then locks it. The operator retains only one force application mechanism 23, moves its slider 224 to the corresponding position at the center of the railing panel, and replaces buckle 251 with suction cup 252, attaching suction cup 252 to the center of the panel. Then, repeated load parameters are set in control unit 4. The test is started, and the system automatically performs push-pull reciprocating motion according to the program, with pressure sensor 24 monitoring the force value. The railing state is recorded after the test.

[0057] When performing the vertical load resistance test mode, the control unit 4 controls the first adjustment device 211 to adjust the first support 221 to a position higher than the handrail, and controls the second adjustment device 212 to adjust the first support 221 to a vertical state and lock it. The operator moves the force application mechanism 23 on the two sliders 224 to the single-span third-point position. The buckle 251 is reinstalled and connected to the corresponding third point of the handrail, and then the vertical load value is set in the control unit 4. The test is started, and the force application mechanism 23 applies downward pressure until the set value is reached and maintained. The vertical displacement and status of the handrail are recorded.

[0058] During the soft-object impact resistance test, control unit 4 lowers and rotates the movable support 22 to an avoidance position. Then, it controls the lifting traction mechanism 32 to pull the shotbag 31 to the center of the railing panel. The operator sets the impact parameters in control unit 4. The test is initiated; the second stepper motor 332, via the second steel strand 331, uniformly lifts the shotbag 31 to the set height and then automatically releases, allowing the shotbag 31 to swing freely and impact the railing panel. The damage to the panel is observed and recorded.

[0059] In addition, the detection system of this embodiment can also perform anti-oblique angle load performance testing to specifically evaluate the safety of inclined railings installed in stairwells, ramps and other places, filling the gap of traditional detection equipment that is difficult to accurately load non-horizontal / vertical railings, and making the detection range of this system cover all types of building railings.

[0060] This embodiment integrates multiple mandatory safety performance testing functions for railings, including resistance to horizontal loads, repeated horizontal loads, vertical loads, and impacts from soft heavy objects, into a single testing system. Operators no longer need to repeatedly set up and disassemble multiple sets of specialized equipment for different testing items, achieving one-stop, multi-functional testing. After selecting a testing mode, the system can complete the entire process from equipment configuration and parameter setting to loading and execution, avoiding the inefficiencies caused by equipment switching and repeated installation in traditional methods, thus improving overall testing efficiency.

[0061] It should be noted that the control unit 4 described in this embodiment specifically includes a control panel, a programmable logic controller (PLC) or an industrial computer, a motor driver, a signal acquisition module, and a communication bus, etc. Its hardware composition and software control principle are all existing mature technologies in this field, and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] It should be stated that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations can be made to the present invention. However, such variations, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, some terminology used in this specification and claims is not limiting, but merely for ease of description.

Claims

1. A comprehensive performance testing system for building railings, characterized in that, include: Main framework (1); A multi-functional loading unit (2) is installed on the main frame (1) and is used to apply static loads at multiple angles to the railing. The soft heavy object impact unit (3) is installed on the main frame (1) and is used to apply impact load to the railing panel; The control unit (4) is communicatively connected to the multi-functional loading unit (2) and the soft heavy object impact unit (3) and is used to control the detection actions of the multi-functional loading unit (2) and the soft heavy object impact unit (3) and receive feedback signals.

2. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-functional loading unit (2) includes an adjustment mechanism (21), which is movably connected to a movable bracket (22) for adjusting the tilt angle of the movable bracket (22) relative to the main frame (1); at least one force application mechanism (23) is movably installed on the movable bracket (22), and a pressure sensor (24) is installed at the output end of the force application mechanism (23) for detecting the force value of the force application mechanism (23); a force transmission component (25) is connected to the end of the pressure sensor (24) away from the force application mechanism (23), and the force transmission component (25) is connected to the railing.

3. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (21) includes a first adjustment device (211) and a second adjustment device (212). The first adjustment device (211) is used to drive the movable support (22) to rise and fall; the second adjustment device (212) is used to drive the movable support (22) to rotate so that it can adjust the tilt angle.

4. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable support (22) includes a first support (221) and two second supports (222). The first adjusting device (211) is connected to the second supports (222). The two second supports (222) are disposed on both sides of the first support (221) and are movably connected to it. The second adjusting device (212) is connected to the second supports (222). A slide rail (223) is installed on the second support (222). A slider (224) is slidably connected on the slide rail (223). The force-applying mechanism (23) is installed on the slider (224).

5. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first adjustment device (211) is a first servo electric cylinder, which is installed on the main frame (1), and the output end of the first servo electric cylinder is connected to the second bracket (222); The second adjustment device (212) includes a servo motor (2121), which is mounted on the second bracket (222). The output end of the servo motor (2121) is equipped with a drive gear (2122), and arc gears (2123) are mounted on both sides of the first bracket (221). The drive gear (2122) meshes with the arc gears (2123).

6. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The force-applying mechanism (23) is a second servo electric cylinder, and the force-transmitting component (25) is a buckle (251) for connecting the railing handrail or a suction cup (252) for adsorbing the railing panel.

7. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soft heavy object impact unit (3) includes a shot bag (31), a lifting traction mechanism (32), a swing traction mechanism (33), and a ranging mechanism (34). The lifting traction mechanism (32) is connected to the upper end of the shot bag (31) and is used to adjust the height of the shot bag (31). The swing traction mechanism (33) is connected to one side of the shot bag (31) and is used to adjust the swing angle of the shot bag (31). The ranging mechanism (34) is set on the shot bag (31) and is used to monitor the real-time height of the shot bag (31).

8. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting and traction mechanism (32) includes a pulley (321), a first steel strand (322), a first stepper motor (323), and a first drum (324). The pulley (321) is detachably mounted on the main frame (1). The output end of the first stepper motor (323) is connected to the first drum (324). One end of the first steel strand (322) is wound around the first drum (324), and the other end passes around the pulley (321) and is connected to the upper end of the shotgun bag (31). The swing traction mechanism (33) includes a second steel strand (331), a second stepper motor (332), a second roller (333), and a finger cylinder (334). The output shaft of the second stepper motor (332) is connected to the second roller (333). One end of the second steel strand (331) is wound around the second roller (333), and the other end is connected to the finger cylinder (334). The output end of the finger cylinder (334) is connected to one side of the shotgun bag (31) through a rope buckle (335).

9. The comprehensive performance testing system for building railings according to claim 3, characterized in that, A horizontal support leg (11) is installed on the side of the main frame (1) away from the multi-functional loading unit (2), and the horizontal support leg (11) abuts against the wall; a vertical support leg (12) is also installed on the main frame (1), and the vertical support leg (12) abuts against the ground.

10. A method for comprehensive performance testing of building railings, applied to the comprehensive performance testing system for building railings as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select the performance detection mode to be executed through the control unit (4); The performance testing modes include the horizontal load resistance performance testing mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance testing mode, the vertical load resistance performance testing mode, and the soft heavy object impact resistance performance testing mode. S2. If the selected mode is the horizontal load resistance performance test mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance test mode, or the vertical load resistance performance test mode, then execute: According to the performance test mode to be executed, the movable bracket (22) is adjusted to the target position and target angle by adjusting mechanism (21), and the force transmission component (25) is connected to the corresponding position of the railing under test; When the selected mode is the horizontal load resistance performance test mode or the vertical load resistance performance test mode, the force transmission component (25) is a buckle (251) connected to the railing handrail. When the selected mode is the horizontal repeated load resistance performance test mode, the force transmission component (25) is a suction cup (252) adsorbed to the railing panel. If the selected mode is the soft heavy object impact resistance test mode, then execute: The shotgun bag (31) is pulled to the target height by the lifting traction mechanism (32), and the shotgun bag (31) is pulled to the target angle by the swing traction mechanism (33); S3. Start the automatic detection process. The control unit (4) calls the corresponding control logic according to the selected mode: For the horizontal load resistance performance test mode, the horizontal repeated load resistance performance test mode or the vertical load resistance performance test mode, the force application mechanism (23) is controlled to act according to the set parameters, and the load is applied, maintained or reciprocated through the real-time feedback of the pressure sensor (24); For the soft heavy object impact performance test mode, control the lifting traction mechanism (32) and the swing traction mechanism (33) to make the shot bag (31) impact the railing panel at the set energy level; S4. After loading or impact, the control unit (4) records the deformation displacement and apparent quality status of the railing, and evaluates the structural performance and safety level of the railing in the corresponding mode.

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