Method for testing toughness of plastic product

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for testing the toughness of a plastic product, and belongs to the technical field of material performance tests.The method comprises the steps that a prepared sample is installed in clamping seats, the clamping seats are driven to move by adjusting a clamping mechanism, so that the distance between the clamping seats can provide clamping force for the sample, the shape of the sample is gradually bent, and then the sample is clamped; the sample is recorded through the first detection mechanism and the second detection mechanism in a gradually bent state, and meanwhile, the clamping force applied to the sample through the pressure sensor when the clamping seat is used for clamping is recorded through display data of the display, so that a reliable basis can be provided for material selection, design and quality control of plastic products; finally, according to the maximum bending height, the fracture angle, the maximum bending angle and the fracture form of the sample, the bending toughness of the plastic product is evaluated, the defects that a traditional simple test can only achieve qualitative description and lacks quantitative basis are overcome, and the reliability and repeatability of an evaluation result are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material performance testing technology, and specifically relates to a method for testing the toughness of plastic products. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic products are widely used in industrial manufacturing, daily life, medical devices and other fields due to their lightweight, easy processing and low cost. In actual use, plastic products often need to withstand external forces (such as bending, impact, extrusion, etc.), and their toughness (i.e. the ability to resist external deformation without breaking) is a key performance indicator that determines the reliability and service life of the product.

[0003] Existing methods for testing the toughness of plastic products rely on precision instruments (such as impact testing machines and universal testing machines), involve complex procedures (requiring sample pretreatment, instrument calibration, and multi-parameter settings), and have different testing conditions from actual bending stress scenarios (e.g., impact testing focuses on instantaneous impact force, while tensile testing focuses on axial force). These methods cannot directly reflect the toughness performance of materials during continuous bending. Furthermore, some simplified testing methods can only provide qualitative descriptions (such as "easily broken" or "bendable"), lacking quantitative data support, resulting in insufficient reliability and repeatability of the evaluation results. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a simple testing method that can directly reflect the toughness characteristics of plastic products under bending stress is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for testing the toughness of plastic products, which directly reflects the toughness performance of the material during continuous bending. By recording quantitative data such as the maximum bending height, fracture angle, maximum bending angle, and clamping force of the sample, and combining them with qualitative characteristics such as fracture morphology, a multi-dimensional assessment of the bending toughness of the material can be achieved. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional simple tests that can only provide qualitative descriptions and lack quantitative evidence, and improves the reliability and repeatability of the assessment results, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for testing the toughness of plastic products includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Sample preparation: Cut multiple long strips of the plastic product whose toughness needs to be tested, and check the sample surface for defects.

[0008] S2. Preparation device: Install the clamping mechanism on the fixed base. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping seat and a pressure sensor is embedded in the clamping seat. Then, install the first detection mechanism on both sides of the fixed base. At the same time, insert the second detection mechanism into the fixed base and inside the clamping seat. The second detection mechanism includes a slider for measuring the bending height of the sample. The display is set on the pressure sensor. At the same time, prepare an angle scale.

[0009] S3, Bending Test: Install the prepared sample into the clamping seat and position it at the pressure sensor. Then, adjust the clamping mechanism to move the clamping seat. The distance between the clamping seats will provide clamping force to the sample, causing the sample to gradually bend.

[0010] S4. Data Recording: During the gradual bending of the sample, the first detection mechanism records the distance the clamping seat moves, and the second detection mechanism records the height of the sample relative to the fixed seat plane when it is bent by the movement position of the slider. At the same time, when the clamping seat holds the sample, the clamping force measured by the pressure sensor is displayed on the screen, and the bending angle of the sample can be measured by the angle scale.

[0011] S5. Finally, the bending toughness of the plastic product is evaluated based on the highest bending height, fracture angle, maximum bending angle, and fracture mode of the sample.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism further includes a connecting seat, which is installed on the top of the fixed seat. A movable groove is provided at the center of the connecting seat, and an adjustment component is provided in the movable groove. The two ends of the adjustment component are fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the clamping seat.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a bidirectional lead screw, one end of which is rotatably connected to a moving groove via a bearing, and the other end of which passes through a connecting seat via a bearing and is fixedly connected to a handle. Threaded sleeves are threaded to both ends of the surface of the bidirectional lead screw, and a moving block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded sleeve. The top of the moving block is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the clamping seat.

[0014] Preferably, the first detection mechanism includes a horizontal measuring ruler and an indicator block. The horizontal measuring ruler is installed on both sides of the connecting seat and is kept horizontal with the upper surface of the connecting seat. The indicator block is fixed at both ends of the clamping seat.

[0015] Preferably, the lower end of the indicator block is triangular, and the position of the indicator block is consistent with the vertical position of the horizontal measuring ruler.

[0016] Preferably, the outer end face of the pressure sensor is connected to a fixing plate, and the surface of the fixing plate is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0017] Preferably, the second detection mechanism further includes a slot and a vertical measuring ruler. The slot is formed on the connecting seat and located on both sides of the movable slot, and one end of the vertical measuring ruler is inserted into the slot.

[0018] Preferably, the depth of the slot is consistent with the distance between the scale lines on the measuring ruler, and the vertical measuring ruler is positioned between two adjacent pressure sensors.

[0019] Preferably, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the display, and a controller electrically connected to both the pressure sensor and the display is mounted at one end of the connector.

[0020] Preferably, each of the clamping seats has the same number of pressure sensors embedded in it, and the distance between two adjacent pressure sensors is also equal.

[0021] The method for testing the toughness of plastic products proposed in this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] 1. This invention does not rely on sophisticated and complex instruments. The test can be completed by a simple device consisting of a clamping mechanism, a pressure sensor, and an angle scale. It simulates the bending stress scenarios commonly encountered by plastic products in actual use and directly reflects the toughness of the material during continuous bending. This solves the problem that existing impact and tensile tests have weak correlation with actual bending scenarios.

[0023] 2. This invention achieves a multi-dimensional assessment of the bending toughness of materials by recording quantitative data such as the maximum bending height, fracture angle, maximum bending angle, and clamping force of the sample, combined with qualitative characteristics such as fracture morphology. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional simple tests that can only provide qualitative descriptions and lack quantitative basis, thus improving the reliability and repeatability of the assessment results. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the clamping mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the adjustment component, clamping seat, and pressure sensor of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Clamping mechanism; 101. Clamping seat; 102. Connecting seat; 103. Moving slot; 104. Adjusting component; 1041. Bidirectional lead screw; 1042. Handle; 1043. Threaded sleeve; 1044. Moving block; 2. Pressure sensor; 3. First detection mechanism; 31. Horizontal measuring ruler; 32. Indicator block; 4. Second detection mechanism; 41. Slot; 42. Vertical measuring ruler; 43. Slider; 5. Display; 6. Fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-5 The method for testing the toughness of plastic products, as shown, includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. Sample preparation: Cut multiple long strips of the plastic product whose toughness needs to be tested, and check the sample surface for defects.

[0033] S2. Preparation of the apparatus: The clamping mechanism 1 is installed on the fixed base. The clamping mechanism 1 includes a clamping seat 101. The pressure sensor 2 is embedded in the clamping seat 101. Then, the first detection mechanism 3 is installed on both sides of the fixed base. At the same time, the second detection mechanism 4 is inserted into the fixed base and located inside the clamping seat 101. The second detection mechanism 4 includes a slider 43 for measuring the bending height of the sample. The display 5 is set on the pressure sensor 2. An angle scale (not shown in the figure, but can be purchased directly from the market) is also prepared.

[0034] S3, Bending Test: Install the prepared sample into the clamping seat 101 and position it at the pressure sensor 2. Then, by adjusting the clamping mechanism 1, the clamping seat 101 is moved, so that the distance between the clamping seats 101 will provide clamping force to the sample, causing the sample to gradually bend.

[0035] S4. Recording data: During the process of the sample gradually bending, the first detection mechanism 3 records the distance that the clamping seat 101 moves, and the second detection mechanism 4 records the height of the sample relative to the fixed seat plane when it is bent by the moving position of the slider 43. At the same time, when the clamping seat 101 clamps the sample, the clamping force measured by the pressure sensor 2 is displayed on the display 5. The angle of the sample bending can be measured by the angle scale.

[0036] S5. Finally, the bending toughness of the plastic product is evaluated based on the highest bending height, fracture angle, maximum bending angle, and fracture mode of the sample.

[0037] The clamping mechanism 1 also includes a connecting seat 102, which is installed on the top of the fixed seat. A moving groove 103 is provided at the center of the connecting seat 102. An adjusting component 104 is provided in the moving groove 103. Both ends of the adjusting component 104 are fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the clamping seat 101. The adjusting component 104 includes a bidirectional lead screw 1041. One end of the bidirectional lead screw 1041 is rotatably connected to the moving groove 103 through a bearing. The other end of the bidirectional lead screw 1041 passes through the connecting seat 102 through a bearing and is fixedly connected to a handle 1042. Threaded sleeves 1043 are threaded to both ends of the surface of the bidirectional lead screw 1041. A moving block 1044 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 1043. The top of the moving block 1044 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the clamping seat 101.

[0038] The connecting seat 102 is fixed on the top of the fixed seat, and the moving groove 103 in the center provides operating space for the adjustment component 104. In use, by rotating the handle 1042 at one end of the bidirectional lead screw 1041, the lead screw is driven to rotate in the moving groove 103. Since the threads at both ends of the lead screw are opposite, the threaded sleeve 1043 on the surface will drive the clamping seats 101 on both sides to move synchronously towards or away from each other through the moving block 1044, thereby adjusting the distance between the clamping seats 101. When moving towards each other, the sample can be clamped; when moving away from each other, the sample can be taken out, realizing the adaptive clamping of samples of different widths. Moreover, the movement process is stable and controllable, ensuring that the sample is subjected to uniform force and providing bending power for the sample on the clamping seat 101.

[0039] The first testing mechanism 3 includes a horizontal measuring ruler 31 and an indicator block 32. The horizontal measuring ruler 31 is installed on both sides of the connecting seat 102 and is kept horizontal with the upper surface of the connecting seat 102. The indicator block 32 is fixed at both ends of the clamping seat 101. The lower end of the indicator block 32 is triangular, and the position of the indicator block 32 is consistent with the vertical position of the horizontal measuring ruler 31.

[0040] The horizontal measuring scales 31 on both sides of the connecting seat 102 are kept horizontal with the table surface. The indicator blocks 32 at both ends of the clamping seat 101 move synchronously with the clamping seat 101. Since the lower end of the indicator block 32 is triangular and aligned with the vertical scale of the horizontal measuring scale 31, the tip of the triangle can accurately point to the scale when moving, which makes it easy for the staff to read the moving distance of the clamping seat 101 in real time, thereby recording the position change of the clamping points on both sides of the sample during bending, and providing data basis for analyzing the force distribution of the sample.

[0041] The outer end face of the pressure sensor 2 is connected to a fixing plate 6, and the surface of the fixing plate 6 is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0042] The fixing plate 6 at the outer end of the pressure sensor 2 is in direct contact with the sample. The anti-slip texture on the surface can increase the friction and prevent the sample from slipping during bending, ensuring stable clamping. When the clamping seat 101 clamps the sample, the pressure sensor 2 will sense the clamping force on the sample in real time and transmit the force value signal to the display 5. The operator can judge whether the clamping force is appropriate by the displayed data (ensuring that the sample does not loosen and avoiding premature damage due to over-clamping).

[0043] The second detection mechanism 4 also includes a slot 41 and a vertical measuring ruler 42. The slot 41 is opened on the connecting seat 102 and located on both sides of the moved slot 103. One end of the vertical measuring ruler 42 is inserted into the slot 41. The depth of the slot 41 is consistent with the distance of the scale line on the measuring ruler, and the position of the vertical measuring ruler 42 is located between two adjacent pressure sensors 2.

[0044] The slots 41 on both sides of the movable groove 103 on the connecting seat 102 are used to fix the vertical measuring ruler 42. The depth of the slots 41 is consistent with the scale spacing of the measuring ruler to ensure that the scale reference is uniform after the ruler is installed. The vertical measuring ruler 42 is located between the adjacent pressure sensors 2 and is directly facing the highest point of the sample bending. When in use, the vertical height between the sample bending point and the fixed seat plane can be read directly, which intuitively reflects the degree of deformation of the sample bending and provides key morphological data for evaluating toughness.

[0045] The pressure sensor 2 is electrically connected to the display 5, and a controller electrically connected to the pressure sensor 2 and the display 5 is installed at one end of the connector 102.

[0046] Pressure sensor 2 and display 5 are connected by a circuit to convert clamping force data into digital signals for display in real time. The controller at one end of connector 102 is responsible for coordinating the work of the two, and can calibrate the sensor accuracy and set the force warning threshold (such as prompting overload when a certain value is exceeded). During use, the operator can monitor the force value change in real time through display 5, and combined with the feedback from the controller, ensure that the force value data is accurate and stable during the test, and avoid data distortion due to equipment failure.

[0047] The number of pressure sensors 2 embedded in each clamping seat 101 is the same, and the distance between two adjacent pressure sensors 2 is also equal;

[0048] The number of pressure sensors 2 on each clamp 101 is the same and the spacing is equal, ensuring that the multiple points of contact between multiple samples and clamp 101 are subjected to uniform force. During testing, multiple pressure sensors 2 work synchronously to achieve parallel testing of multiple samples without the need for individual operation, which greatly shortens the total testing time of a single batch of samples. This is especially useful for scenarios that require testing a large number of samples (such as plastic products from different batches with different process parameters). Simultaneous testing of multiple samples can obtain multiple sets of parallel data in one test, and statistical analysis (such as calculating the average value and standard deviation) can more accurately reflect the true level of material toughness.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the toughness of plastic products, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Sample preparation: Cut multiple long strips of the plastic product whose toughness needs to be tested, and check the sample surface for defects. S2, Preparation device: Install the clamping mechanism (1) on the fixed base. The clamping mechanism (1) includes a clamping seat (101). The pressure sensor (2) is embedded in the clamping seat (101). Then, install the first detection mechanism (3) on both sides of the fixed base. At the same time, insert the second detection mechanism (4) on the fixed base and inside the clamping seat (101). The second detection mechanism (4) includes a slider (43) for measuring the bending height of the sample. The display (5) is set on the pressure sensor (2). At the same time, prepare an angle scale. S3, Bending test: Install the prepared sample into the clamp (101) and place it at the position of the pressure sensor (2). Then, by adjusting the clamping mechanism (1), the clamp (101) is moved, so that the distance between the clamps (101) will provide clamping force to the sample, causing the sample to gradually bend. S4. Record data: During the process of the sample gradually bending, the first detection mechanism (3) records the distance of movement of the clamping seat (101), and the second detection mechanism (4) records the height of the sample when bending and the fixed seat plane through the moving position of the slider (43). At the same time, when the clamping seat (101) clamps the sample, the clamping force measured by the pressure sensor (2) is displayed on the display (5). The angle of bending of the sample can be measured through the angle scale. S5. Finally, the bending toughness of the plastic product is evaluated based on the highest bending height, fracture angle, maximum bending angle, and fracture mode of the sample.

2. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (1) further includes a connecting seat (102), which is installed on the top of the fixed seat. A moving groove (103) is provided at the center of the connecting seat (102), and an adjusting component (104) is provided in the moving groove (103). The two ends of the adjusting component (104) are fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the clamping seat (101).

3. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (104) includes a bidirectional lead screw (1041), one end of which is rotatably connected to the moving groove (103) via a bearing, and the other end of which passes through the connecting seat (102) via a bearing and is fixedly connected to a handle (1042). Threaded sleeves (1043) are threaded to both ends of the surface of the bidirectional lead screw (1041), and a moving block (1044) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (1043). The top of the moving block (1044) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the clamping seat (101).

4. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first detection mechanism (3) includes a horizontal measuring ruler (31) and an indicator block (32). The horizontal measuring ruler (31) is installed on both sides of the connecting seat (102) and is level with the upper surface of the connecting seat (102). The indicator block (32) is fixed at both ends of the clamping seat (101).

5. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the indicator block (32) is triangular, and the position of the indicator block (32) is consistent with the vertical position of the horizontal measuring ruler (31).

6. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (2) is connected to a fixing plate (6) on its outer end face, and the surface of the fixing plate (6) is provided with anti-slip texture.

7. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second detection mechanism (4) also includes a slot (41) and a vertical measuring ruler (42). The slot (41) is opened on the connecting seat (102) and located on both sides of the moved slot (103). One end of the vertical measuring ruler (42) is inserted into the slot (41).

8. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 7, characterized in that: The depth of the slot (41) is consistent with the distance of the scale line on the measuring ruler, and the vertical measuring ruler (42) is located between two adjacent pressure sensors (2).

9. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (2) is electrically connected to the display (5), and a controller electrically connected to the pressure sensor (2) and the display (5) is installed at one end of the connector (102).

10. The method for testing the toughness of plastic products according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of pressure sensors (2) embedded in each of the clamps (101) is the same, and the distance between two adjacent pressure sensors (2) is also equal.

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