Testing device and method for simulating mineralization and storage of deep solid waste carbon dioxide

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and method for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization storage, and belongs to the technical field of mine safety, solid waste recycling and carbon dioxide storage, and the test device comprises a gas reaction cavity, a middle partition plate, a high-pressure gas automatic reaction kettle and a bottom control mechanism, carbon dioxide is introduced into the reaction cavity through the gas channel pipe, the rapid hydraulic response mechanism continuously monitors the gas pressure, after the gas pressure reaches a critical value, the upper pressing plate and the pointed cone are driven to move downwards, the pointed cone punctures the ceramic sheet so that the reaction kettle can be rapidly filled with gas, gangue can be broken, and the reaction kettle is filled with gangue and carbon dioxide; and the alkaline industrial solid waste reacts with the injected carbon dioxide to generate carbonate minerals, so that carbon sequestration is realized. The temperature control assembly and the gas pressure intensity detection assembly are used for monitoring the temperature and the gas pressure intensity in the reaction kettle in real time. The device can be used for simulating the carbon dioxide mineralization and storage process in the underground high-pressure environment, and has the effects of crushing gangue and stabilizing gas pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of mine safety, solid waste resource utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration, and particularly to an experimental apparatus and method for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration. Background Technology

[0002] Injecting carbon dioxide underground and reacting it with alkaline minerals to form stable carbonates is an important approach to achieving long-term, safe carbon sequestration. However, real geological sequestration environments are characterized by high pressure, complex stress, and heterogeneous reaction media. Current laboratory simulation methods mostly employ static reactors, simply introducing carbon dioxide gas into a fixed bed of solid particles. This method has significant limitations: first, it cannot simulate the effects of underground stress changes and pulsed gas transport on the solid waste skeleton, while the new reaction interfaces created by this fragmentation are crucial for increasing the sequestration rate and total amount; second, it is difficult to maintain stable system pressure when reactant gases are consumed or temperatures fluctuate, while a constant-pressure environment is an important condition for studying reaction kinetics.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental device that can simulate the series of real underground physicochemical processes, namely, "high-pressure gas pulse injection - in-situ impact crushing of solid waste - self-balancing of reaction system pressure", in order to more accurately assess the mineralization and storage potential and optimize engineering parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device and method for simulating the mineralization and storage of carbon dioxide in deep solid waste, realizing an integrated simulation of "high-pressure gas pulse injection - in-situ impact crushing of solid waste - pressure self-balancing of the reaction system", solving the problem that existing laboratory simulations of underground carbon dioxide mineralization and storage mostly rely on static, low-pressure reaction environments, and cannot truly reproduce the dynamic process of high-pressure gas breaking through rock layers and crushing minerals in deep strata and maintaining pressure balance under the elastic action of the strata.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and storage, comprising a gas reaction chamber, an intermediate partition, a high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel, and a bottom control mechanism. The intermediate partition is connected to the gas reaction chamber and the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel respectively via connecting threads. The gas reaction chamber is located above the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel. The bottom of the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel is connected to the bottom control mechanism via a spring assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the upper end face of the high-pressure gas automated reactor is in close contact with the lower surface of the middle partition, and the lower end face of the high-pressure gas automated reactor is in contact with the lower pressure plate. The spring assembly includes multiple springs, and multiple springs are connected between the lower pressure plate and the base in the bottom control mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom control mechanism further includes a gas pressure detection component and a temperature control component. The temperature control component uses a heating jacket and cooling circuit surrounding the high-pressure gas automated reactor to precisely adjust and maintain the temperature inside the high-pressure gas automated reactor at a target value to simulate a specific formation temperature. The gas pressure detection component uses a high-precision pressure sensor with the probe connected to the inside of the high-pressure gas automated reactor to continuously and in real time collect pressure data and transmit it to an external recorder.

[0008] Preferably, the gas reaction chamber is connected to a gas channel pipe, and an upper pressure plate is also provided inside the gas reaction chamber. A rapid hydraulic response mechanism is provided inside the gas reaction chamber and is controlled by an operating panel. A pointed cone is provided at the bottom of the upper pressure plate. The upper pressure plate is matched with the size of the gas reaction chamber, and the rapid hydraulic response mechanism controls the upper pressure plate and the pointed cone to move downward.

[0009] Preferably, the intermediate partition has a through hole, and a ceramic sheet is fixed to the through hole by a ceramic clip, with the ceramic sheet and the pointed cone being positioned vertically in correspondence.

[0010] Preferably, a nozzle is also provided at the bottom of the intermediate partition, with the nozzle outlet facing the high-pressure gas automated reactor, and the nozzle is vertically aligned with the ceramic sheet and the cone.

[0011] Preferably, the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel is filled with solid waste samples, and the exterior of the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel is a high-pressure resistant cylindrical wall.

[0012] Preferably, the gas channel pipe passes through the upper pressure plate, and a rubber sleeve is provided at the connection between the gas channel pipe and the upper pressure plate to ensure an airtight seal.

[0013] Preferably, the gas introduced into the gas channel pipe is carbon dioxide.

[0014] A method for using a test apparatus simulating carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration in deep solid waste includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the entire device and fill the high-pressure gas automated reactor with solid waste samples. The gas reaction chamber and the high-pressure gas automated reactor are tightly connected to the middle partition through connecting threads to form two independent but interconnected chambers. A lower pressure plate is set at the bottom of the high-pressure gas automated reactor. The lower pressure plate is flexibly connected to the bottom control mechanism through multiple springs. The bottom control mechanism integrates temperature control components and gas pressure detection components. Step 2: Carbon dioxide is introduced into the gas reaction chamber through the gas channel pipe. When the pressure inside the gas reaction chamber reaches the preset simulated formation fracturing critical value, the rapid hydraulic response mechanism is automatically triggered, driving the upper pressure plate and the cone to move downward at high speed, completing the rapid transition from pressure monitoring to mechanical action. Step 3: When the pointed cone is driven to strike downwards, it can accurately and powerfully pierce the ceramic sheet, opening a controllable and instantaneous release channel for the accumulated high-pressure carbon dioxide, simulating the process of gas breaking through the weak geological zone. The carbon dioxide enters the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel and rapidly crushes the solid waste sample. Step four: When the pressure in the high-pressure gas automated reactor tends to decrease due to gas consumption, the restoring force of the spring will push the lower pressure plate upward, reducing the volume of the reaction space to maintain pressure; conversely, if the internal pressure of the high-pressure gas automated reactor rises abnormally, the lower pressure plate will compress the spring downward, increasing the volume to buffer the pressure, thereby dynamically simulating the elastic pressure-bearing effect of underground rock strata and maintaining the pressure stability of the reaction environment; the temperature control component and the gas pressure detection component monitor and regulate the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure gas automated reactor.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of the experimental apparatus and method for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration described in this invention are as follows: The gas channel pipe of this invention is responsible for introducing carbon dioxide into the gas reaction chamber. A rapid hydraulic response mechanism continuously monitors the gas pressure. Once the gas pressure reaches a critical value, it drives the upper pressure plate and the cone to move downwards. The cone pierces the ceramic sheet, allowing the gas to rapidly fill the reactor and break up the gangue. The high-pressure automated gas reactor is filled with gangue and carbon dioxide. Carbonate minerals are generated through the reaction of alkaline industrial solid waste with the injected carbon dioxide, achieving carbon sequestration. Temperature control components and gas pressure detection components are used to monitor the temperature and gas pressure inside the reactor in real time. This invention can be applied to the carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration process in a simulated underground high-pressure environment. It combines the effects of breaking up gangue and stabilizing gas pressure, increasing the reaction area between gangue and carbon dioxide gas, and achieving the purpose of secondary reaction. It studies the carbon dioxide content that can be sequestered per cubic meter of filling material, improves the utilization rate of solid waste, reduces the overall cost, and provides a feasible solution for efficient carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an experimental device for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and storage according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the gas reaction chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the partition plate and the ceramic sheet in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel and the bottom control mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Figure Labels 1. Gas channel pipe; 2. Rapid hydraulic response mechanism; 3. Operating platform; 4. Cone; 5. Nozzle; 6. Temperature control component; 7. Spring; 8. Gas pressure detection component; 9. Upper pressure plate; 10. High-pressure resistant cylinder wall; 11. Ceramic sheet; 12. Connecting thread; 13. Bottom control mechanism; 14. Ceramic sheet clip; 15. Gas reaction chamber; 16. Intermediate partition; 17. High-pressure gas automated reaction vessel; 18. Lower pressure plate; 19. Rubber sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 As shown, an experimental device simulating the mineralization and sequestration of carbon dioxide in deep solid waste includes a gas reaction chamber 15, an intermediate partition 16, a high-pressure automated gas reactor 17, and a bottom control mechanism 13. The intermediate partition 16 is connected to the gas reaction chamber 15 and the high-pressure automated gas reactor 17 via connecting threads 12. The gas reaction chamber 15 is located above the high-pressure automated gas reactor 17. The bottom of the high-pressure automated gas reactor 17 is connected to the bottom control mechanism 13 via a spring assembly 7.

[0023] The upper end face of the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17 is in close contact with the lower surface of the middle partition 16, and the lower end face of the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17 is in contact with the lower pressure plate 18.

[0024] The spring 7 assembly includes multiple springs 7, and multiple springs 7 are connected between the lower pressure plate 18 and the base in the bottom control mechanism 13.

[0025] Specifically, spring 7 is set vertically.

[0026] The bottom control mechanism 13 also includes a gas pressure detection component 8 and a temperature control component 6. The temperature control component 6 uses a heating jacket and cooling circuit surrounding the reactor to precisely regulate and maintain the temperature inside the high-pressure gas automated reactor at the target value to simulate a specific formation temperature. Simultaneously, the gas pressure detection component 8 uses a high-precision pressure sensor, whose probe is connected to the inside of the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17, continuously and in real-time collecting pressure data and transmitting it to an external recorder. This coordinated monitoring of temperature and pressure provides an accurate and continuous data chain of environmental parameters for studying the kinetics of mineralization reactions.

[0027] A gas passage pipe 1 is connected to the gas reaction chamber 15. An upper pressure plate 9 is also installed inside the gas reaction chamber 15. A rapid hydraulic response mechanism 2 is installed inside the gas reaction chamber 15 and is controlled by an operating table 3. A pointed cone 4 is provided at the bottom of the upper pressure plate 9. The upper pressure plate 9 is matched with the size of the gas reaction chamber 15. The rapid hydraulic response mechanism 2 controls the upper pressure plate 9 and the pointed cone 4 to move downward.

[0028] The middle partition 16 has a through hole, and a ceramic sheet 11 is fixed to the through hole by a ceramic sheet clip 14. The ceramic sheet 11 is positioned vertically and vertically corresponding to the position of the pointed cone 4.

[0029] A nozzle 5 is also provided at the bottom of the intermediate partition 16. The outlet of the nozzle 5 faces the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17. The nozzle 5 is vertically aligned with the ceramic sheet 11 and the cone 4.

[0030] The high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel 17 is filled with solid waste samples, and the exterior of the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel 17 is a high-pressure resistant cylindrical wall 10.

[0031] Specifically, the solid waste sample was coal gangue.

[0032] Gas passage pipe 1 passes through upper pressure plate 9, and a rubber sleeve 19 is provided at the connection between gas passage pipe 1 and upper pressure plate 9 to ensure gas tightness. Gas enters the gas reaction chamber 15 located below upper pressure plate 9 through gas passage pipe 1. When the pointed cone 4 pierces the ceramic sheet 11, the gas in the gas reaction chamber 15 enters the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel 17.

[0033] The gas introduced into gas channel tube 1 is carbon dioxide.

[0034] The present invention discloses a method for using an experimental device for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the entire device and fill the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17 with solid waste samples. The gas reaction chamber and the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17 are tightly connected to the intermediate partition 16 through the connecting thread 12, forming two independent but interconnected chambers. A lower pressure plate 18 is set at the bottom of the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17. The lower pressure plate 18 is flexibly connected to the bottom control mechanism 13 through multiple springs 7. The bottom control mechanism 13 integrates a temperature control component 6 and a gas pressure detection component.

[0035] Step 2: Carbon dioxide is introduced into the gas reaction chamber 15 through the gas channel pipe 1. When the pressure inside the gas reaction chamber 15 reaches the preset simulated formation fracture critical value, the rapid hydraulic response mechanism 2 is automatically triggered, driving the upper pressure plate 9 and the cone 4 to move downward at high speed, completing the rapid transition from pressure monitoring to mechanical action.

[0036] Step 3: When the cone 4 is driven to strike downwards, it can accurately and powerfully pierce the ceramic sheet 11, opening a controllable and instantaneous release channel for the accumulated high-pressure carbon dioxide, simulating the process of gas breaking through the weak geological zone. The carbon dioxide enters the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel 17 and rapidly crushes the solid waste sample.

[0037] Step four: When the pressure in the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17 tends to decrease due to gas consumption, the restoring force of the spring 7 will push the lower pressure plate 18 upward, reducing the reaction space volume to maintain pressure. Conversely, if the internal pressure of the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17 rises abnormally, the lower pressure plate 18 will compress the spring 7 downward, increasing the volume to buffer the pressure, thereby dynamically simulating the elastic pressure-bearing effect of underground rock strata and maintaining a stable pressure environment. The temperature control component 6 and the gas pressure detection component 8 monitor and regulate the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure gas automated reactor 17.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the mineralization and sequestration of carbon dioxide in deep solid waste, characterized in that: It includes a gas reaction chamber, an intermediate partition, a high-pressure gas automated reactor, and a bottom control mechanism. The intermediate partition is connected to the gas reaction chamber and the high-pressure gas automated reactor via connecting threads. The gas reaction chamber is located above the high-pressure gas automated reactor. The bottom of the high-pressure gas automated reactor is connected to the bottom control mechanism via a spring assembly.

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the high-pressure gas automated reactor is in close contact with the lower surface of the middle partition, and the lower end face of the high-pressure gas automated reactor is in contact with the lower pressure plate. The spring assembly includes multiple springs, and multiple springs are connected between the lower pressure plate and the base in the bottom control mechanism.

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom control mechanism also includes a gas pressure detection component and a temperature control component. The temperature control component uses a heating jacket and cooling circuit surrounding the high-pressure gas automated reactor to precisely adjust and maintain the temperature inside the high-pressure gas automated reactor at the target value to simulate a specific formation temperature. The gas pressure detection component uses a high-precision pressure sensor with the probe connected to the inside of the high-pressure gas automated reactor to continuously and in real time collect pressure data and transmit it to an external recorder.

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas reaction chamber is connected to a gas channel pipe. An upper pressure plate is also installed inside the gas reaction chamber. A rapid hydraulic response mechanism is installed inside the gas reaction chamber and is controlled by an operating panel. A pointed cone is installed at the bottom of the upper pressure plate. The upper pressure plate is matched with the size of the gas reaction chamber. The rapid hydraulic response mechanism controls the upper pressure plate and the pointed cone to move downward.

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intermediate partition has a through hole, and a ceramic sheet is fixed to the through hole by a ceramic clip. The ceramic sheet is positioned vertically corresponding to the position of the pointed cone.

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the intermediate partition is also equipped with a nozzle, the outlet of which faces the high-pressure gas automated reactor, and the nozzle is positioned vertically corresponding to the ceramic sheet and the cone.

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel is filled with solid waste samples, and the exterior of the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel is a high-pressure resistant cylindrical wall.

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas passage pipe passes through the upper pressure plate, and a rubber sleeve is provided at the connection between the gas passage pipe and the upper pressure plate to ensure an airtight seal.

9. The experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas introduced into the gas channel pipe is carbon dioxide.

10. The method of using the experimental apparatus for simulating deep solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the entire device and fill the high-pressure gas automated reactor with solid waste samples. The gas reaction chamber and the high-pressure gas automated reactor are tightly connected to the middle partition through connecting threads to form two independent but interconnected chambers. A lower pressure plate is set at the bottom of the high-pressure gas automated reactor. The lower pressure plate is flexibly connected to the bottom control mechanism through multiple springs. The bottom control mechanism integrates temperature control components and gas pressure detection components. Step 2: Carbon dioxide is introduced into the gas reaction chamber through the gas channel pipe. When the pressure inside the gas reaction chamber reaches the preset simulated formation fracturing critical value, the rapid hydraulic response mechanism is automatically triggered, driving the upper pressure plate and the cone to move downward at high speed, completing the rapid transition from pressure monitoring to mechanical action. Step 3: When the pointed cone is driven to strike downwards, it can accurately and powerfully pierce the ceramic sheet, opening a controllable and instantaneous release channel for the accumulated high-pressure carbon dioxide, simulating the process of gas breaking through the weak geological zone. The carbon dioxide enters the high-pressure gas automated reaction vessel and rapidly crushes the solid waste sample. Step four: When the pressure in the high-pressure gas automated reactor tends to decrease due to gas consumption, the restoring force of the spring will push the lower pressure plate upward, reducing the volume of the reaction space to maintain pressure; conversely, if the internal pressure of the high-pressure gas automated reactor rises abnormally, the lower pressure plate will compress the spring downward, increasing the volume to buffer the pressure, thereby dynamically simulating the elastic pressure-bearing effect of underground rock strata and maintaining the pressure stability of the reaction environment; the temperature control component and the gas pressure detection component monitor and regulate the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure gas automated reactor.

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