Method for detecting germination capability of broomrape seeds induced by compounds in soil

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting the germination ability of Orobanche coerulescens seeds induced by compounds in soil, which comprises the following steps: burying the Orobanche coerulescens seeds under the soil through a containing bag, applying a to-be-detected artificial compound drug in the soil, determining the drug application frequency according to needs, keeping the water-holding capacity of the soil at 65-70%, taking out the containing bag after the Nth day after the first drug application, and detecting the germination ability of the Orobanche coerulescens seeds. Or burying the orobanche coerulescens seeds under the root soil of the crop to be detected, taking out the containing bag after the Nth day, and analyzing the ability of the applied medicament or rhizosphere secretion to stimulate the orobanche coerulescens seeds according to the germination rate of the orobanche coerulescens seeds. According to the detection method, whether the compounds in the soil can stimulate the Orobanche coerulescens seeds to germinate or not can be deduced by taking out the Orobanche coerulescens seeds in the soil at any time and observing the germination condition of the Orobanche coerulescens seeds, time and labor are saved in the detection process, the detection cost is lower, the detection result is more accurate, and therefore the detection method has better application and popularization prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of control technology for the parasitic weed broomrape, and more particularly to a method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Broomrape is a parasitic weed without roots or leaves. It cannot absorb nutrients from the soil or photosynthesize. After germination, its seeds produce haustoria that penetrate the root epidermis of the host plant, absorbing nutrients and water to grow and develop. This damages the host plant. Common host crops include tomatoes, melons, stevia, and sunflowers. Infestation reduces yield and quality, and in severe cases, leads to total crop failure, not only lowering farmers' income but also severely impacting related processing industries. Broomrape has the following characteristics: 1. High reproductive capacity: each plant can produce tens of thousands of seeds, so even a small infestation can quickly produce numerous offspring; 2. Wide seed dispersal: broomrape seeds can be spread by people, livestock, agricultural machinery, wind, and water; 3. Strong seed viability: broomrape seeds can survive in the soil for up to ten years. Therefore, as the number of years host crops are cultivated increases, the damage caused by broomrape spreads rapidly and intensifies.

[0003] The traditional method of controlling broomrape is manual removal, but this method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and can easily damage the roots of the host crops.

[0004] Broomrape seeds are tiny, mostly oval, about 0.3 mm long and 0.15 mm in diameter, with a thousand-seed weight of only 13 mg. Once scattered in the soil, they are unidentifiable, and their precise germination time in the soil is impossible to observe. Unlike most non-parasitic weeds, broomrape seeds require stimulation from compounds such as strigolactones secreted by the host roots to germinate in the soil. However, these compounds are difficult to extract and have poor stability. Based on this principle, researchers have proposed measures to mitigate the damage caused by broomrape: 1. Synthetic strigolactone analogues are applied to the soil when no host crop is planted in the hope of inducing broomrape seeds to germinate. After germination, the broomrape seeds die due to lack of nutrition because they cannot find a host. This germination is called suicide germination. Suicide germination can reduce the number of live broomrape seeds in the soil. After the host crop is planted in the next crop, the damage caused by broomrape is greatly reduced. 2. Selecting trap crops: Some crops can secrete compounds from their roots to stimulate broomrape seeds to germinate in the soil without being parasitized. After germination, broomrape dies due to lack of nutrition because it cannot find a host. Such crops are called trap crops. Planting trap crops can also reduce the number of live broomrape seeds in the soil, thereby reducing the harm of broomrape seeds to the host. 3. Screen host crops that are tolerant or resistant to broomrape. Different host crop varieties have varying degrees of ability to stimulate broomrape seed germination through compounds secreted by their roots. Host varieties with relatively weak stimulation ability are called host crops that are tolerant to broomrape. Planting host crops that are tolerant or resistant to broomrape can reduce the damage caused by broomrape. 4. Herbicide control during the peak germination period of broomrape seeds. The root exudates of the host crop stimulate broomrape seeds to germinate. The seed buds are most sensitive to herbicides; therefore, weed control is most effective after germination and before parasitism. Based on the difference in sensitivity of broomrape and its host to certain herbicides, herbicide application can reduce broomrape damage.

[0005] Based on the above measures to mitigate the damage caused by broomrape, it is necessary to test the ability of compounds in the soil to stimulate the germination of broomrape seeds. Existing detection methods include indoor germination tests in petri dishes, pot tests, and field tests to infer the peak period of host crop stimulation of broomrape germination by the amount of broomrape emerging from the soil.

[0006] The limitation of in-petal germination tests is that broomrape seeds in the petri dish absorb water and are exposed to air, while broomrape seeds in the soil undergo various complex changes in temperature, humidity, salinity, etc. The concentration and duration of the stimulants required for germination are very different from those in the petri dish, and the stability of the stimulants in the soil cannot be determined. Therefore, testing the ability of a compound to induce germination by treating broomrape seeds in a petri dish can only preliminarily determine whether the compound has the ability to induce germination. Whether it can be applied in the field or how it can be applied in the field requires further testing.

[0007] The drawbacks of pot experiments are twofold. First, the testing time is too long. For artificially synthesized compounds, the ability to induce broomrape seeds to germinate can only be determined 7-20 days after application to the soil, followed by the planting of a host crop. The growth period for a single host crop often takes several months. Screening for trapping crops takes even longer. A suspected trapping crop is planted first, harvested, and then the host crop is planted. Finally, the amount of broomrape parasitism on the host crop roots is used to infer whether the suspected trapping crop is indeed a trapping crop. Because two crops are planted, the testing period often lasts a year. Second, to ensure consistency with the experiment, a certain amount of broomrape seeds needs to be mixed with seedless soil beforehand. This seed-mixed soil is then placed in pots. After the experiment, the broomrape seeds in the soil are difficult to remove completely, thus significantly increasing the risk of seed dispersal.

[0008] The drawback of using field surveys to infer the peak germination period of broomrape from the amount of broomrape emerging from the soil is the lack of a theoretical basis for the detailed process of broomrape seed germination, parasitism, and growth. Because the pesticide applicator cannot see the physiological activities of broomrape seeds in the soil, the pesticide is used blindly. The pesticide cannot accurately kill the broomrape seedlings, resulting in pesticide waste. Increasing the use of pesticides can easily cause soil pollution or affect the growth of the host crop.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a detection method that allows for the immediate removal of broomrape seeds from the soil and observation of their germination to infer whether compounds in the soil can stimulate broomrape seed germination. This detection method is time-saving, labor-saving, less expensive, and yields more accurate results, thus making it more promising for widespread application. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this application is to propose a method for analyzing the ability of artificially synthesized compounds or rhizosphere secreted compounds in soil to stimulate the germination of broomrape seeds by observing the germination of broomrape seeds in the soil.

[0011] This application is implemented as follows: A method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds, comprising the following steps: Preparation of S1 detection device: Use mesh to make a hollow container bag with one end open, and make a mesh bottom dish for collecting broomcorn seeds; Test of the stimulatory effect of S2 artificial compound on the germination of broomrape seeds: In the field, place no less than 50 broomcorn seeds into the aforementioned container bag, tie the bag tightly, shake the container bag to disperse the broomcorn seeds, lay the container bag flat and bury it 10cm~15cm below the soil, then apply the artificial compound to be tested to the soil, and determine the number of applications as needed. Maintain the soil moisture content at 65%~70%. On day N (N is a natural number greater than 1) after the first application, remove the container bag, rinse off the external soil under running water, open the bag and transfer the broomcorn seeds to a net dish. Place the net dish under a magnifying glass of 15x or higher, and analyze the ability of the applied agent to stimulate the broomcorn seeds based on the germination rate of the broomcorn seeds. S3 Detection of the stimulating effect of crop rhizosphere exudates on the germination of broomrape seeds: Place at least 50 broomcorn seeds into the aforementioned container bag, tie the bag tightly, shake the container bag to disperse the broomcorn seeds, lay the container bag flat and bury it 10-15 cm below the soil surface of the crop to be tested in the field. After N (N is a natural number greater than 1) days, take out the container bag, rinse off the external soil under running water, open the bag and transfer the broomcorn seeds to a net dish. Place the net dish under a magnifying glass of 15x or higher, and analyze the ability of rhizosphere exudates to stimulate broomcorn seeds based on the germination rate of broomcorn seeds.

[0012] By implementing the above technical solution, this invention buries broomrape seeds in the soil, solving the problem of not being able to observe the germination of broomrape seeds in the soil with the naked eye. In terms of detecting the ability of compounds in the soil to stimulate the germination of broomrape seeds, it has the following advantages compared to germinating broomrape seeds in petri dishes or flowerpot soil: 1. The germination of broomrape seeds in real field soil: After broomrape seeds in the container are buried in the field soil, they experience the same external influences as broomrape seeds in the soil. The germination dynamics of broomrape seeds in the container can basically reflect the germination dynamics of broomrape seeds in the soil. Compared with the detection of broomrape seeds in petri dishes to detect the ability of compounds to stimulate the germination of broomrape, the detection results are more accurate and have greater prospects for promotion and application. 2. The testing time is reduced, and the testing process is more convenient. After burying the broomcorn seeds in the bag in the field soil, they are taken out after a period of time. The presence of germination stimulants in the soil can be determined based on the germination status of the broomcorn seeds. The broomcorn test crop can be planted along with the field crops, eliminating the need to plant a host crop to induce broomcorn germination and emergence for verification. 3. No broomrape seeds are spread during the testing process. Compared with the pot test method, the present invention buries the broomrape seeds in the soil and then takes them out. The broomrape seeds only circulate between the container bag and the bottom of the net dish. As long as the operation is proper, there is no leakage or spread of broomrape seeds. The location where the broomrape seeds are buried can be either a broomrape disaster area or a non-broomrape disaster area. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The specific structure of this application is given by the following figures and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of this application; Figure 2 This is a graph showing the seed-type detection data of the field. Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the peak germination and emergence period of Orobanche deserticola. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0016] Example: A method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce germination of broomrape seeds, comprising the following steps: Preparation of S1 detection device: A hollow container bag with one open end is made using mesh, and a mesh bottom dish for collecting broomcorn seeds is prepared. Test of the stimulatory effect of S2 artificial compound on the germination of broomrape seeds: In the field, place no fewer than 50 broomcorn seeds into the aforementioned container bag, tie the bag tightly, shake the container bag to disperse the broomcorn seeds, lay the container bag flat and bury it 10-15 cm below the soil, then apply the artificial compound to be tested to the soil, determining the number of applications as needed, and maintaining the soil moisture content at 65%-70%. On the 20th day after the first application, remove the container bag, rinse off the external soil under running water, and transfer the broomcorn seeds to a net dish. Place the net dish under a magnifying glass of 15x or higher, and analyze the ability of the applied agent to stimulate the broomcorn seeds based on the germination rate of the broomcorn seeds. S3 Detection of the stimulating effect of crop rhizosphere exudates on the germination of broomrape seeds: Place no fewer than 50 broomcorn seeds into the aforementioned container bag, tie the bag tightly, shake the container bag to disperse the broomcorn seeds, lay the container bag flat and bury it 10-15 cm below the soil surface of the crop to be inspected in the field. After 20 days, remove the container bag, rinse off the external soil under running water, and transfer the broomcorn seeds to a net dish. Place the net dish under a magnifying glass of 15x or higher, and analyze the ability of rhizosphere exudates to stimulate broomcorn seeds based on the germination rate of the broomcorn seeds.

[0017] Furthermore, in S1, the container bag is made of white nylon filter mesh with a pore size of 0.14mm. The mesh forms a cavity with a side length of 3cm×1.5cm×1cm, with the bag opening being one 1cm×1.5cm side and the other 1cm×1.5cm side being the bottom.

[0018] An elastic band is provided at the bag opening. The elastic band is a round, high-elasticity rope loop with a cross-sectional diameter of 2mm and a natural loop diameter of 2cm.

[0019] A marking strip is provided on the elastic band. The red marking strip is tied to the elastic band and is 20cm-25cm long. The marking strip is made of cotton or nylon.

[0020] Furthermore, the mesh bottom includes an annular ring with an inner diameter of 2.5 cm, an outer diameter of 3 cm, and a wall thickness of 5 mm. A nylon mesh with an aperture of 0.14 mm is provided at the lower end of the annular ring to cover the lower end of the annular ring, while the upper end of the annular ring is open.

[0021] Set aside a red marker stick with a length of 1.2 to 2 meters for later use.

[0022] Furthermore, in S2, the mouth of the container bag is tied tightly with an elastic band, and one end of the marking tape is tied to the mouth of the bag. After the container bag is buried below the soil, the other end of the marking tape protrudes from the soil surface, and a marker stick is inserted at the marking tape.

[0023] Furthermore, in S3, the opening of the container bag is tied tightly with an elastic band, and one end of the marking tape is tied to the opening of the bag. After the container bag is buried below the soil, the other end of the marking tape protrudes from the soil surface. At the same time, a marking stick is inserted at the marking tape, with the marking stick extending 20cm beyond the top of the crop.

[0024] In S3, if the peak germination period of broomrape seeds in the soil of the host crop field is to be detected, multiple bags are buried in the soil after the host crop emerges or is transplanted, and the bags are taken out for testing every 3 days. When the germination rate of the broomrape seeds reaches its peak, it is the best time to apply the pesticide.

[0025] In S3, if screening for broomrape-tolerant varieties, the host crop to be tested is tested once a month or once throughout the entire growth period. The lower the germination rate of broomrape seeds, the more likely it is to become a broomrape-tolerant crop.

[0026] In S3, if the target crop is a selection of trap crops, the non-host crops to be tested are tested once a month or once throughout the entire growth period. The higher the germination rate of broomrape seeds, the more likely they are to become trap crops.

[0027] The following example uses processed tomatoes from Yanqi Reclamation Area, Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang: The stimulation ability of artificially synthesized strigolactone analogs on the germination of broomrape seeds was tested. The test material compound o-3 was K19, a strigolactone analog designed and synthesized by Nankai University. The tomato variety used in the experiment was IVF3155, provided by Zhongshu Seed Industry Technology Co., Ltd.

[0028] Experimental Method 1: Petri dish detection Compound O-3 was dissolved in acetone and then in water to prepare 10 ppm, 5 ppm, and 1 ppm solutions. Eight equal portions of 70 mm glass fiber filter paper were placed in 9 cm petri dishes. 130 μL of the prepared test drug solutions at different concentration gradients were added to each filter paper. Water was used as a control. Each treatment and control was repeated in triplicate. Washed and dried *Ophiopogon japonicus* seeds were evenly spread on the filter paper. The dishes were sealed and placed in a seed incubator at a constant temperature (25 ± 0.5℃) in the dark for 7 days. The germination rate of *Ophiopogon japonicus* seeds was observed after 7 days.

[0029] Experimental Method 2: Pot Test Mix 300 kg of substrate with 500 kg of sand and 2 g of broomcorn seeds evenly, and place the mixture in a flowerpot. The flowerpot should be 20 cm high, with a base diameter of 15 cm and an opening diameter of 20 cm. Pour 800 g of O-3 solution into the flowerpot. The solution concentrations are 10 ppm, 5 ppm, and 1 ppm, with water as a control. Leave the soil in the flowerpot unused for 20 days, during which time water should be added as needed according to the soil moisture content, maintaining the soil moisture content at 60%. After 20 days of watering, plant the broomcorn host tomato. 100 days later, determine the amount of broomcorn seeds germinating inducing by the compound within 20 days before tomato planting based on the amount of broomcorn emerging from the tomato roots.

[0030] Test Method 3: Seed-laying detection of this application Daejeon-districted residential area, 1m per area 2 A total of 12 plots were constructed, with 20 kg of O₃ solution applied to each plot at concentrations of 10 ppm, 5 ppm, and 1 ppm. Water served as a control. Each treatment and control was replicated three times. Each plot was buried in a bag containing broomrape seeds, maintaining soil moisture at 60%–70%. After 20 days, the bags and broomrape seeds were removed, and germination was observed. Based on the germination results, the germination-inducing ability of this compound in broomrape seeds in soil was inferred.

[0031] Data Analysis: Three detection methods were used to detect the germination inertia of broomrape seeds induced by synthetic strigolactone analogues. Formula for calculating the induction ability of compounds in petri dishes: Induction ability 1 = (germination rate of treated broomrape seeds - germination rate of control broomrape seeds) / (1 - germination rate of control). Formula for calculating the induction ability in pot experiments: Induction ability2 = (Number of stems emerging from control pots - Number of stems emerging from treatment pots) / Number of stems emerging from control pots; The formula for calculating the induction ability of the seed-planting detection method in this application is: Induction ability 3 = Germination rate.

[0032] As mentioned above, the petri dish method only lasts 7 days, and while the germination rate of broomrape seeds removed from their natural environment can be used as a reference, it is not representative. The pot-plant method involves germinating broomrape seeds in a simulated soil environment, and the results are similar to those of real field testing. However, this method takes over 100 days, and planting potted crops is labor-intensive and resource-intensive. Furthermore, an equal amount of broomrape seeds must be sown in each pot at the beginning of the experiment, and handling the remaining seeds in the soil after the experiment is difficult. Improper handling can easily lead to seed dispersal, violating plant protection regulations. The seed-burying method proposed in this application, where broomrape seeds are placed in a bag to prevent leakage, allows them to be affected by soil environmental factors similar to scattered seeds. Testing begins after the crop matures, and results can be obtained after only 20 days of observation. Compared to pot experiments, this method is time-saving and labor-saving, and the broomrape seeds are recovered and prevented from spreading.

[0033] The crops used for trapping were selected as follows: the three maize varieties Zhengdan 958, Xinyu 9, and Jinnuo 1 were purchased from the Korla seed market, and the tomato variety IVF3155 was provided by Zhongshu Seed Industry Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] Experimental Method 1: Pot Test Mix 300 kg of substrate with 500 kg of sand and 2 g of broomcorn seeds evenly and place the mixture in flowerpots. The flowerpots are 20 cm high, with a base diameter of 15 cm and a mouth diameter of 20 cm. Plant three varieties of corn in the pots: Zhengdan 958, Xinyu 9, and Jinnuo 1. No corn is planted as a control. Plant five pots of each variety. Harvest the corn normally. After harvesting, plant the original corn pots and the control pots with the susceptible broomcorn variety IVF3155 tomato (cut off the top of the corn and replant the tomato). The amount of broomcorn emerging from the soil is used to determine the ability of each corn variety to stimulate broomcorn germination by root secretions.

[0035] Test Method 2: Seed-laying detection of this application Three varieties of maize, Zhengdan 958, Xinyu 9, and Jinnuo 1, were planted in the field (if these three varieties of maize can be found in farmers' fields, there is no need to plant them for the experiment). Orobanche seeds were buried 10-15 cm deep in the soil around the maize roots. Orobanche seeds were also buried 10 meters away from the maize as a control. Twenty bags of each variety of maize and the control were buried when the maize seedlings emerged. Five bags were taken out every 30 days for the first three months. The last bag was taken out on the harvest day. The number of germinating Orobanche seeds at the maize roots was observed and recorded under a magnifying glass to analyze the ability of maize root secretions to induce Orobanche germination.

[0036] Results Analysis Two methods were used to detect the trapping ability of three types of corn. Formula for calculating the induction ability in pot experiments: Induction ability 1 = (Number of stems emerging from control pots - Number of stems emerging from treatment pots) / Number of stems emerging from control pots; The formula for calculating the induction ability of the seed-planting detection method in this application is: Induction ability 2 = germination rate. The calculation formulas for trapping abilities 3, 4, and 5 are the same as those for induction ability 2.

[0037] Therefore, the pot-based testing method for screening trap crops requires planting one season of test crops and then planting another season of broomrape parasitic crops for testing, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to spreading broomrape seeds. In contrast, the seed-buried testing method does not require planting test crops, and can be conducted in the field, which is time-saving, does not allow for the spread of broomrape seeds, and can also detect changes in the ability of root secretions of trap crops to induce broomrape germination at different growth stages.

[0038] Screening of tolerant broomcorn varieties: The tomato varieties tested were Shifan 15 (provided by Shihezi Development Zone Yaxin Seed Industry Co., Ltd.), Shihong 45 (provided by Xinjiang Shihezi Vegetable Research Institute) and IVF3155 (provided by Zhongshu Seed Industry Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0039] Experimental Method 1: Pot Test Experimental Procedure: A plot of land without recorded broomcorn was selected. Soil samples were taken from the site and sieved (sieve openings 2 cm x 2 cm). On March 24th, the sieved soil was mixed with pig manure (10:1 by weight) and triple-grain phosphate fertilizer (100:1 by weight). 10 kg of this mixture was added to each pot, along with 2.5 g of broomcorn seeds. The soil was then placed into rocket-shaped pots (30 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height), which were buried underground with the rim level with the ground surface. On April 19th, a film was laid over the rim of the rocket-shaped pots, with drip irrigation tape placed underneath. Three processing tomato seedlings (Stone Tomato 15, Stone Red 45, and IVF3155) were cultivated on March 4th and transplanted on April 22nd. Six pots of each variety were planted, with one seedling per pot, and conventional cultivation techniques were applied.

[0040] Experimental Method 2: Field-buried *Ophiopogon japonicus* seed detection On April 20th, the transplanting of field tomatoes began. Broomcorn seeds were buried at the base of three tomato varieties, 120 bags of broomcorn seeds for each variety. After 15 days, the broomcorn seeds were taken out every 3 days, 3 bags of each of the 3 varieties were taken out each time and tested under a magnifying glass. This process was continued. If any broomcorn seeds were seen to have germinated, they were recorded. This continued until 80% of the tomato fruits were ripe.

[0041] Data Analysis Results of pot test on broomcorn tolerance of three tomato varieties The number of plants unearthed from the site of the dinosaur and the sum of the number of plants unearthed from the Figure 1 The germination rate of broomrape seeds in the soil was consistent. The order of tomato tolerance to broomrape among the three tomato varieties was Shifan 15 > Shihong 45 > IVF3155. The same result was obtained. However, the method of burying broomrape in the soil is more time-saving and labor-saving than the potted method and does not spread broomrape seeds.

[0042] Determining the timing of herbicide application In the Yanqi Reclamation Area of ​​Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the amount of broomrape emerging from the tomato processing fields reached its peak in mid-July. By late July, the emerging broomrape accounted for more than 85% of the total amount, making it possible to conduct comparative pesticide application trials.

[0043] IVF3155 was provided by Zhongshu Seed Industry Technology Co., Ltd., and the 480g / L trifluralin emulsion was produced by Jiangsu Fengshan Group Co., Ltd. Tomatoes grown under IVF3155 were divided into plots, with 50 tomato plants per plot. Trifluralin 600ml / mu was applied via drip irrigation. Application times were the anticipated peak germination periods for broomrape were June 10th (Treatment 1), June 25th (Treatment 2), and the peak germination period determined by the detection method described in this application (Treatment 3). For Treatment 3, starting May 5th, 75 bags of broomrape seeds were buried in the soil of each plot. Starting May 20th, 3 bags were removed daily to count the number of germinated seeds and calculate the germination rate. From May 20th, the amount of broomrape emerging from the soil was counted every 3 days, and the seeds were removed from the base of the stem after each count. No trifluralin was applied; only water was used as a control. Treatments and controls were repeated 3 times.

[0044] Results and Analysis like Figure 2 As shown in the experimental data, the germination rate of broomrape seeds in the soil reached its peak on June 19. Considering the effective period of trifluralin in the soil, the pesticide was applied on June 20.

[0045] On July 15th, the seed emergence rate of *Broomrape lanceolata* was tallied. The seed emergence rates of *Broomrape lanceolata* in the treatment and control plots are as follows: This application allows for the determination of the germination rate of broomrape seeds in the soil, enabling precise application and significantly improving efficacy.

[0046] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of this application, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds, comprising the following steps: Preparation of S1 detection device: Use mesh to make a hollow container bag with one open end, and prepare a mesh bottom dish for collecting broomcorn seeds; red marker sticks are ready for use; Test of the stimulatory effect of S2 artificial compound on the germination of broomrape seeds: In the field, place no fewer than 50 broomcorn seeds into the aforementioned container bag, tie the bag tightly, shake the container bag to disperse the broomcorn seeds, lay the container bag flat and bury it 10cm-15cm below the soil, then apply the artificial compound to be tested to the soil, determining the number of applications as needed, and maintaining the soil moisture content at 65%-70%. On day N (N is a natural number greater than 1) from the first application, remove the container bag, rinse off the external soil under running water, and transfer the broomcorn seeds to a net dish. Place the net dish under a magnifying glass of 15x or higher, and analyze the ability of the applied agent to stimulate the broomcorn seeds based on the germination rate of the broomcorn seeds. S3 Detection of the stimulating effect of crop rhizosphere exudates on the germination of broomrape seeds: Place no fewer than 50 broomcorn seeds into the aforementioned container bag, tie the bag tightly, shake the container bag to disperse the broomcorn seeds, lay the container bag flat and bury it 10-15 cm below the soil surface of the crop to be inspected in the field. After N days (N is a natural number greater than 1), remove the container bag, rinse off the external soil under running water, and transfer the broomcorn seeds to a net dish. Place the net dish under a magnifying glass of 15x or higher, and analyze the ability of rhizosphere exudates to stimulate broomcorn seeds based on the germination rate of the broomcorn seeds.

2. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the container bag is made of white nylon filter mesh with a pore size of 0.14mm. The filter mesh forms a cavity with a side length of 3cm×1.5cm×1cm, with the bag opening being one 1cm×1.5cm side and the other 1cm×1.5cm side being the bottom.

3. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic band is fixed at the opening of the bag. The elastic band is a round, high-elastic rope loop with a cross-sectional diameter of 2mm and a natural loop diameter of 2cm.

4. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh bottom dish includes an annular ring with an inner diameter of 2.5 cm, an outer diameter of 3 cm, and a wall thickness of 5 mm. A nylon mesh with an aperture of 0.14 mm is provided at the lower end of the annular ring to cover the lower end of the annular ring, while the upper end of the annular ring is open.

5. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2, the opening of the container bag is tied tightly with an elastic band, and one end of the marking tape is tied to the opening of the bag. After the container bag is buried below the soil, the other end of the marking tape is exposed above the soil surface, and a marker stick is inserted at the marking tape.

6. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S3, the bag opening is tied tightly with an elastic band, and one end of the marking tape is tied to the bag opening. After burying the bag below the soil, the other end of the marking tape protrudes above the soil surface. At the same time, a marking stick is inserted at the marking tape, with the marking stick extending 20cm beyond the top of the crop.

7. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the peak germination period of broomrape seeds in the soil of the host crop field is detected by burying multiple bags in the soil after the host crop has emerged or been transplanted. The bags are taken out and tested every 3 days. When the germination rate of the broomrape seeds reaches its peak, it is the best time to apply the pesticide.

8. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, bromelain-tolerant crop varieties are screened. The host crops to be tested are tested once a month or once throughout the entire growth period. The lower the germination rate of broomlain seeds, the more likely they are to become bromelain-tolerant crops.

9. The method for detecting the ability of compounds in soil to induce the germination of broomrape seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, trap crops are selected. Non-host crops to be tested are tested once a month or once throughout the entire growth period. The higher the germination rate of broomrape seeds, the more likely they are to become trap crops.

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