Display module

Abstract

This application discloses a display module, comprising: a display device including multiple sub-pixels and a semi-transparent, semi-reflective layer; a dimming component disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the display device, including a magneto-optical modulation layer and a polarizer disposed on the side of the magneto-optical modulation layer away from the display device; the magneto-optical modulation layer includes a stacked magnetic field shielding layer, a magnetizing element, and a magneto-optical medium layer, the magnetic field shielding layer being located on the side of the magnetizing element closer to the display device; the polarizer is used to modulate incident ambient light into first linearly polarized light; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the first linearly polarized light into second linearly polarized light under the drive of the magnetizing element; the semi-transparent, semi-reflective layer is used to reflect the second linearly polarized light to the magneto-optical medium layer; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the second linearly polarized light into third linearly polarized light, the third polarization angle of the third linearly polarized light being perpendicular to the first polarization angle of the first linearly polarized light. Through the above configuration, interference from ambient light is isolated, contrast is improved, and the light transmittance of the sub-pixels is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module. Background Technology

[0002] When ambient light shines on the surface of the display panel, some of the light penetrates the surface layer of the display panel and is reflected and scattered multiple times between the various media layers inside the display panel before being emitted again. This ambient light mixes with the light emitted by the sub-pixels of the display panel, which can easily lead to problems such as graying blacks, bleached color levels, and a significant decrease in contrast.

[0003] In related technologies, to reduce the interference of ambient light reflected internally, common methods include increasing the brightness of the display panel, forming diffuse reflection through surface coatings, and using circular polarizer technology.

[0004] However, increasing the brightness of the display panel can easily lead to problems such as increased power consumption, accelerated aging of the light-emitting layer, color shift, and lifespan reduction; surface coatings can easily reduce image clarity and color saturation; circular polarizer technology can block the light emitted by sub-pixels, resulting in reduced light transmittance and brightness of the light emitted by sub-pixels. If power is increased to maintain brightness, it can easily exacerbate energy consumption and cause heat generation problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application mainly provides a display module to shield the interference of ambient light reflection inside the display panel, solve the problems of graying blacks, bleached color levels, and reduced contrast of the display panel, ensure the transmittance of light emitted by sub-pixels, and does not weaken the color gamut.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a display module, comprising:

[0007] The display device includes a plurality of spaced-apart sub-pixels; the display device includes a semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer;

[0008] A dimming assembly is disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the display device, and includes a magneto-optical modulation layer and a polarizer; the polarizer is disposed on the side of the magneto-optical modulation layer away from the display device; the magneto-optical modulation layer includes a magnetic field shielding layer, a magnetizing element and a magneto-optical medium layer stacked in sequence, and the magnetic field shielding layer is located on the side of the magnetizing element closer to the display device.

[0009] Wherein, the polarizing element is used to modulate ambient light incident on the dimming component into first linearly polarized light, the first linearly polarized light having a first polarization angle; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the first linearly polarized light into second linearly polarized light under the drive of the magnetizing element; the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer is used to reflect the second linearly polarized light incident therein to the magneto-optical medium layer; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the second linearly polarized light incident therein into third linearly polarized light, the third linearly polarized light having a third polarization angle; the third polarization angle is perpendicular to the first polarization angle;

[0010] The dimming component is configured to allow light emitted by the sub-pixel to escape.

[0011] In some embodiments, the magneto-optical dielectric layer corresponds to the sub-pixel arrangement;

[0012] Alternatively, the magneto-optical medium layer may be disposed corresponding to the display area of ​​the display device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the magneto-optical dielectric layer comprises a magneto-optical dielectric material;

[0014] The material of the magneto-optical dielectric layer includes any one of yttrium iron garnet, bismuth-doped rare earth iron garnet, and terbium aluminum garnet.

[0015] In some embodiments, the magneto-optical medium layer is a composite magneto-optical structure composed of at least two magneto-optical medium materials connected in series, wherein the dispersion of the at least two magneto-optical medium materials compensates for each other.

[0016] In some embodiments, the thickness of the magneto-optical dielectric layer is 2-10 μm.

[0017] In some implementations, the magnetic field shielding layer is positioned corresponding to the location between two adjacent sub-pixels;

[0018] Alternatively, the display device may include a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including at least three sub-pixels; the magnetic field shielding layer is positioned corresponding to the position between two adjacent pixel units.

[0019] In some embodiments, the material of the magnetic field shielding layer includes permalloy.

[0020] In some embodiments, the magnetizing element is positioned corresponding to the position between two adjacent sub-pixels;

[0021] And / or, the magnetizing element includes a permanent magnet; the material of the permanent magnet includes neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.

[0022] In some embodiments, the display device includes a display panel, which is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel;

[0023] The display panel includes the sub-pixel, and the sub-pixel includes a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode stacked together; the second electrode is located on the side of the light-emitting layer close to the dimming component, and the second electrode serves as the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer.

[0024] In some embodiments, the display device includes a display panel, which is a liquid crystal display panel;

[0025] The semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer is disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the display panel and is located between the display panel and the dimming component.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike existing technologies, this application discloses a display module, comprising: a display device including a plurality of mutually spaced sub-pixels; the display device including a semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer; a dimming assembly disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the display device, including a magneto-optical modulation layer and a polarizer; the polarizer being disposed on the side of the magneto-optical modulation layer away from the display device; the magneto-optical modulation layer including a magnetic field shielding layer, a magnetizer, and a magneto-optical medium layer stacked sequentially, the magnetic field shielding layer being located on the side of the magnetizer closer to the display device; wherein, the polarizer is used to modulate ambient light incident on the dimming assembly into first linearly polarized light, the first linearly polarized light having a first polarization angle; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the first linearly polarized light into second linearly polarized light under the drive of the magnetizer; the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer is used to reflect the second linearly polarized light incident therein to the magneto-optical medium layer; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the second linearly polarized light incident therein into third linearly polarized light, the third linearly polarized light having a third polarization angle; the third polarization angle is perpendicular to the first polarization angle; the dimming assembly is configured to allow light emitted from the sub-pixels to exit.

[0027] With the above settings, when ambient light is incident on the display module, it is first modulated into first linearly polarized light by the polarizer, then modulated by the magneto-optical medium layer before being incident on the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer. After being reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer, it is re-incidentally incident on the magneto-optical medium layer and modulated a second time to be converted into third linearly polarized light. The polarization direction of the third linearly polarized light after being modulated by the dimming component is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer, thereby preventing ambient light incident on the display module from escaping. This effectively isolates the interference of internal reflection of ambient light on the normal display of the display device, solves the problems of graying blacks, bleached color levels, and decreased contrast on the display panel, and improves the overall contrast. Moreover, the dimming component operates based on a magnetic field. The dimming component is located above the entire display device and does not affect the propagation of light inside the display device. It allows the light emitted by the sub-pixels to escape, effectively ensuring the transmittance of the light emitted by the sub-pixels without weakening the color gamut. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the display module provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the incident path of ambient light for the provided display module;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ambient light reflection path of the provided display module;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the light propagation path of a sub-pixel in an embodiment of a display module provided in the second embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the incident path of ambient light for the provided display module;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the ambient light reflection path of the provided display module.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 300, Display module; 200, Display device; 201, Sub-pixel; 202, Semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer; 203, Display panel; 204, First electrode; 205, Light-emitting layer; 206, Second electrode; 207, Pixel unit; 208, First polarizer; 209, Second polarizer; 100, Dimming component; 1, Polarizing element; 2, Magneto-optic modulation layer; 21, Magneto-optic medium layer; 22, Magnetizing element; 23, Magnetic field shielding layer; L1, First linearly polarized light; L2, Second linearly polarized light; L3, Third linearly polarized light. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in the embodiments of this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0039] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0040] See Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the display module provided in the first embodiment of this application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the incident path of ambient light for the provided display module. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ambient light reflection path of the provided display module. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the light propagation path of a sub-pixel in an embodiment of a display module provided in the second embodiment of this application. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the incident path of ambient light for the provided display module. Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the ambient light reflection path of the provided display module.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 6 This application provides a display module 300, which includes a display device 200 and a dimming component 100, with the dimming component 100 disposed on the light-emitting surface side of the display device 200.

[0042] Specifically, the display device 200 includes a plurality of spaced-apart sub-pixels 201, which emit light to exit from the light-emitting surface of the display device 200. The display device 200 also includes a transflective layer 202, which allows light emitted from the display device 200 to exit and reflects light incident from the dimming assembly 100 side. Specifically, the transflective layer 202 allows light emitted from the sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200 to exit and reflects ambient light incident from the dimming assembly 100 side.

[0043] The dimming assembly 100 includes a magneto-optical modulation layer 2 and a polarizing element 1. The polarizing element 1 is located on the side of the magneto-optical modulation layer 2 furthest from the display device 200; that is, the magneto-optical modulation layer 2 is located closer to the display device 200. Specifically, the magneto-optical modulation layer 2 includes a magnetic field shielding layer 23, a magnetizing element 22, and a magneto-optical medium layer 21, which are stacked sequentially.

[0044] A magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is located on top of a magnetizing element 22, which provides a magnetic field to the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21. The magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is used to perform non-reciprocal rotation of linearly polarized light under the driving force of the magnetic field. Specifically, non-reciprocal rotation refers to polarization rotation where the rotation direction or angle cannot cancel each other out when propagating back and forth along the same path. Its rotation direction is only bound to the direction of the magnetic field and is independent of the light propagation direction. Under the driving force of the magnetic field, the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 enables the linearly polarized light to continuously rotate in one direction. For example, the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 can drive the light to continuously rotate in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction, the specific rotation direction being determined by the direction of the magnetic field provided by the magnetizing element 22.

[0045] The magnetic field shielding layer 23 is located on the side of the magnetic supply component 22 that is close to the display device 200. That is, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is disposed between the magnetic supply component 22 and the display device 200 to shield the magnetic field between the magnetic supply component 22 and the display device 200, so as to prevent the magnetic field of the magnetic supply component 22 from acting on the display device 200 and affecting the display effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, ambient light vibrates in various directions. When the ambient light illuminates the display module 300, the polarizer 1 of the dimming assembly 100 modulates the ambient light incident on the dimming assembly 100 into a first linearly polarized light L1, wherein the first linearly polarized light L1 has a first polarization angle. The magneto-optical dielectric layer 21, driven by the magnetic field provided by the magnetizer 22, modulates the first linearly polarized light L1 incident on the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 via the polarizer 1 into a second linearly polarized light L2, wherein the second linearly polarized light L2 has a second polarization angle, which is different from the first polarization angle, and there is a first angle between them. Specifically, the size of the first angle between the second polarization angle and the first polarization angle is the angle by which the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 drives the first linearly polarized light L1 to rotate.

[0047] After the second linearly polarized light L2 passes through the dimming assembly 100 and reaches the display device 200, since the display device 200 has a semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202, when the second linearly polarized light L2 is incident on the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 reflects the incident second linearly polarized light L2 to the magneto-optical medium layer 21. That is, the second linearly polarized light L2 is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 and then re-incidentally enters the magneto-optical medium layer 21. The magneto-optical medium layer 21 is used to modulate the incident second linearly polarized light L2 into a third linearly polarized light L3, wherein the third linearly polarized light L3 has a third polarization angle. That is, under the influence of the magnetic field of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21, the second linearly polarized light L2 is driven to continue rotating. Since the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is used to realize the non-reciprocal rotation of the linearly polarized light, the rotation direction of the second linearly polarized light L2 driven by the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is consistent with the rotation direction of the first linearly polarized light L1. The second linearly polarized light L2 is modulated into a third linearly polarized light L3 by the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 and emitted from the side of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 away from the display device 200. The third polarization angle is different from the second polarization angle, and there is a second angle between them. Specifically, the size of the second angle between the third polarization angle and the second polarization angle is the angle by which the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 drives the second linearly polarized light L2 to rotate.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first linearly polarized light L1, modulated by the polarizer 1, is transformed into the third linearly polarized light L3 after being modulated twice by the magneto-optical medium layer 21. The first polarization angle of the first linearly polarized light L1 is perpendicular to the third polarization angle of the third linearly polarized light L3. Therefore, the third linearly polarized light L3 emitted from the magneto-optical medium layer 21 cannot pass through the polarizer 1.

[0049] That is, ambient light incident from the dimming component 100, after being modulated by the dimming component 100 and reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 of the display device 200, can no longer exit from the side of the dimming component 100 away from the display device 200. The ambient light incident into the display module 300 is completely blocked. Therefore, no ambient light will be reflected by the display device 200 and enter the human eye. The ambient light will not mix with the display light emitted by the sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200, which can effectively shield the interference caused by the reflection of ambient light inside the display device 200.

[0050] The display module 300 provided in this application embodiment can solve the problems of graying blacks, bleached colors, and reduced contrast caused by reflection of ambient light inside the display device 200. Furthermore, the dimming component 100 in this application embodiment is configured to allow light emitted from the sub-pixels 201 to pass through, effectively ensuring the transmittance of the light emitted from the sub-pixels 201 without weakening the color gamut. This avoids problems such as reduced image clarity, color saturation, and display brightness, high power consumption, and decreased lifespan of the display device 200, thus improving the display effect of the display device 200. Even when the display module 300 is in strong light conditions such as outdoors, outdoor ambient light will not affect the display effect of the display device 200.

[0051] Specifically, the size of the first angle between the second polarization angle and the first polarization angle, and the size of the second angle between the third polarization angle and the second polarization angle, are determined by the magnetic field of the magnetizing element 22, the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 21, and the Wilder constant of the material of the magneto-optical medium layer 21, and can be specifically set as needed.

[0052] In some embodiments, the direction in which the linearly polarized light driven by the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 rotates, such as counterclockwise or clockwise, is determined by the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetizing element 22. In one specific embodiment, the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetizing element 22 is opposite to the direction of the emitted light from the sub-pixel 201 of the display device 200, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first linearly polarized light L1 is driven by the magneto-optical medium layer 21 and rotates by a first angle in the counterclockwise direction to become the second linearly polarized light L2. The second linearly polarized light L2 is driven by the magneto-optical medium layer 21 and rotates by a second angle in the counterclockwise direction to become the third linearly polarized light L3.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, the first included angle and the second included angle are equal in size, both being 45°, so that the first polarization angle of the first linearly polarized light L1 is perpendicular to the third polarization angle of the third linearly polarized light L3.

[0054] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, polarizer 1 is a linear polarizer with a polarization direction of 45°. Ambient light vibrates in various directions. When ambient light illuminates the display module 300, ambient light vibrating in any direction becomes linearly polarized light L1 with a first polarization angle of 45° after passing through polarizer 1. After the first linearly polarized light L1 enters the magneto-optical medium layer 21, it is driven by the magneto-optical medium layer 21 and rotates counterclockwise by 45°, transforming into second linearly polarized light L2 with a second polarization angle of 90°. The second linearly polarized light L2 enters the display device 200, is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 of the display device 200, and re-enters the magneto-optical medium layer 21. It is then driven by the magneto-optical medium layer 21 and continues to rotate counterclockwise by 45°, transforming into third linearly polarized light L3 with a third polarization angle of 135°. This makes the polarization direction of the third linearly polarized light L3 perpendicular to the polarization direction of polarizer 1, thereby blocking the emission of the third linearly polarized light L3.

[0055] In the first embodiment, the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 of the display device 200 vibrates in all directions. When the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 enters the magneto-optical medium layer 21, the light vibrating in all directions is driven by the magneto-optical medium layer 21 to rotate counterclockwise by 45°. Since all the light is rotated, the rotated light still vibrates in all directions. The magneto-optical medium layer 21 only changes the polarization direction of the incident light and does not affect the light intensity. Therefore, after the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 is rotated, it is essentially unchanged from before it was driven to rotate by the magneto-optical medium layer 21. The magneto-optical medium layer 21 does not affect the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201, and the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 is finally emitted through the polarizer 1. The light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 has high transmittance, which is beneficial for improving display contrast and maintaining color gamut saturation.

[0056] In other embodiments, the first linearly polarized light L1 and the second linearly polarized light L2 can also be driven by the magneto-optical medium layer 21 to rotate in a clockwise direction; or, the first included angle and the second included angle can be of different sizes, which can be designed as needed, as long as the first polarization angle is perpendicular to the third polarization angle, so as to ensure that the third linearly polarized light L3 cannot pass through the polarizer 1.

[0057] In some embodiments, the magneto-optical medium layer 21 may be provided corresponding to a plurality of sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200, or in some embodiments, the magneto-optical medium layer 21 may be provided corresponding to the entire display area of ​​the display device 200.

[0058] Specifically, when the magneto-optical medium layer 21 is set for multiple sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200, that is, when it is set for the pixel opening area of ​​the display device 200, the magneto-optical medium layer 21 is not set for the other non-opening areas. This reduces the material usage in the non-opening areas, effectively saving the material cost of the magneto-optical medium layer 21, and further improving the transmittance of the light emitted by the sub-pixels 201, which is beneficial to maintaining a high display contrast.

[0059] When the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is positioned over the entire display area of ​​the display device 200, it can modulate all ambient light incident on the entire display area, better blocking reflected ambient light from escaping and ensuring uniform shielding of ambient light at all locations. This completely eliminates internal reflection interference of ambient light, further improving display quality. Furthermore, positioning the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 over the entire display area of ​​the display device 200 also reduces the fabrication difficulty of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21, saving on process costs.

[0060] Specifically, in some embodiments, when the magneto-optical medium layer 21 is disposed corresponding to the entire display area of ​​the display device 200, the material and thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 are uniform at each position corresponding to the display area of ​​the display device 200.

[0061] In some embodiments, when the magneto-optical medium layer 21 is provided for multiple sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200, different materials of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 or changes in the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 can be provided for different sub-pixels 201, so as to control the light at different sub-pixel 201 positions respectively, thereby meeting more usage requirements.

[0062] For example, the multiple sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200 can have different colors, such as red, green and blue. Since the wavelengths of the light emitted by the red, green and blue sub-pixels 201 are different, different materials of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 can be set for the red, green and blue sub-pixels 201 respectively, or different thicknesses of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 can be set so that the light of the red, green and blue sub-pixels 201 can achieve more different display requirements after passing through the magneto-optical medium layer 21.

[0063] In some embodiments, when the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is provided corresponding to a plurality of sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200, the material or thickness of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 at the positions of the plurality of sub-pixels 201 may also be the same, and can be designed as needed.

[0064] In some embodiments, the material of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 can be a magneto-optical medium with a relatively flat change in Wilder constant with wavelength, so that light of different wavelengths can rotate at the same angle under the action of the same magneto-optical medium layer 21 (with the same thickness and magnetic field strength). Choosing this type of material can obtain a relatively consistent rotation angle in a wider wavelength range. The polarization rotation angle changes little in the visible light band to ensure the modulation effect of light and the blocking effect of ambient light, so as to achieve uniform shielding of ambient light across the entire wavelength range, which is beneficial to maintaining a high contrast display.

[0065] The above settings can avoid the large variation of the Wilder constant of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 material with wavelength, which would affect the control effect on light of different wavelengths. They can also avoid the problem that some ambient light can still be emitted from the polarizer 1 due to different rotation angles after being controlled by the magneto-optical medium layer 21. This effectively ensures the blocking effect on ambient light of different wavelengths, and more effectively prevents the interference of ambient light on the display screen after reflection inside the display device 200, improves the contrast of the display module 300, and thus improves the display performance.

[0066] In some embodiments, the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 may include a magneto-optical dielectric material. In some specific embodiments, the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 may be a garnet single-crystal thin film dielectric. For example, the material of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 includes yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O4). 12 Bismuth-doped rare earth iron garnet (Bi:YIG), terbium aluminum garnet (Tb3Al5O) 12 TAG), terbium gallium garnet (Tb3Ga5O) 12 Any single crystal material in (TGG).

[0067] Specifically, terbium aluminum garnet (Tb3Al5O) 12 In the wavelength range of 500-1100 nm, terbium gallium garnet (Tb3Ga5O4) can effectively suppress wavelength sensitivity and make the change in the Wilder constant more gradual by doping with Sc or Al to modulate the lattice field. 12 The Wilder constant of TGG (400-1100nm) decreases with wavelength in the visible to near-infrared range, but the trend of change is relatively gentle.

[0068] In other embodiments, the material of the magneto-optical medium layer 21 is also a magneto-optical medium with a relatively flat change in the Wilder constant with wavelength, in order to suppress wavelength sensitivity, which can be designed as needed.

[0069] In some embodiments, the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is a composite magneto-optical structure composed of at least two magneto-optical dielectric materials connected in series. The dispersion of the various magneto-optical dielectric materials in the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is mutually compensated, that is, at least two magneto-optical dielectric materials have opposite signs of the rate of change of their Wilder constants with wavelength. The Wilder constants of some magneto-optical dielectric materials decrease with increasing wavelength, while the Wilder constants of others increase with increasing wavelength. This allows the dispersion characteristics of the various magneto-optical dielectric materials in the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 to compensate for each other, reducing the wavelength sensitivity of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 and enabling the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 to have a relatively consistent rotation angle over a wider wavelength range.

[0070] Specifically, the magneto-optical medium layer 21 constituting the composite magneto-optical structure can be made of two or more materials. The number and types of multiple magneto-optical medium materials can be designed and selected as needed, as long as the dispersion of the multiple magneto-optical medium materials in the magneto-optical medium layer 21 can compensate for each other and effectively suppress wavelength sensitivity.

[0071] In some embodiments, the thickness of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 is 2-10 μm, for example, any value such as 2 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, or 10 μm. It can be understood that by setting the thickness of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 within the above range, the modulation depth requirements of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 can be met, thereby better matching the magnetic field of the magnetizing element 22 and the Wilder constant of the material of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 to modulate the polarization rotation angle of the light. This facilitates better blocking and shielding of ambient light, thereby improving display contrast and maintaining high light transmittance and display quality.

[0072] In some embodiments, the magnetic supply element 22 is positioned between two adjacent sub-pixels 201. In one specific embodiment, the magnetic supply element 22 is provided at the interval between any two adjacent sub-pixels 201, while no magnetic supply element 22 is provided at the position corresponding to the sub-pixel 201. It can be understood that the magnetic supply element 22 is used to provide a magnetic field for the magneto-optical medium layer 21. By positioning the magnetic supply element 22 between two adjacent sub-pixels 201, it is ensured that the magnetic supply element 22 provides sufficient magnetic field strength. Furthermore, by not providing the magnetic supply element 22 at the position corresponding to the sub-pixel 201 of the display device 200, the magnetic supply element 22 avoids the pixel opening area of ​​the display device 200, effectively preventing the magnetic supply element 22 from blocking the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 of the display device 200. The magnetic supply element 22 does not block the exit path of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201, thereby avoiding any impact on the transmittance of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 of the display device 200, ensuring that the light emitted from the sub-pixel 201 has high transmittance, thus facilitating the maintenance of display brightness.

[0073] In some embodiments, the magnetizing element 22 may include a permanent magnet. Specifically, the magnetizing element 22 uses a permanent magnet, which can provide a stable magnetic field for the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21, thereby improving the modulation efficiency of the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 for light.

[0074] Specifically, in some embodiments, the magnetizing element 22 can be fabricated using microfabrication technology, whereby a permanent magnet thin film material is directly deposited on the substrate. Then, through photolithography and etching processes, the permanent magnet thin film material is patterned to form a pattern consistent with the BM mask (black matrix mask) pattern. Specifically, the patterned pattern does not obscure the pixel opening area. Then, an extremely strong pulsed magnetic field is used to directionally magnetize the patterned micromagnet, thereby forming the magnetizing element 22.

[0075] In some embodiments, the permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnet material. NdFeB permanent magnet material has high energy product and strong coercivity, which can provide a stable and uniform magnetic field distribution, so that the magnetic field strength is stable and the magnetic field distribution is uniform. Under the drive of the magnetic field generated by the NdFeB permanent magnet material, the magneto-optical dielectric layer 21 realizes efficient non-reciprocal rotation of linearly polarized light.

[0076] In other embodiments, the magnetizing element 22 may not be a permanent magnet. Other materials or methods may be used to provide a stable magnetic field for the magneto-optical medium layer 21. The specific selection or design can be made as needed.

[0077] In some embodiments, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is positioned between two adjacent sub-pixels 201. In one specific embodiment, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is provided at positions corresponding to any two adjacent sub-pixels 201. In other embodiments, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 may be provided only at positions between some of the adjacent sub-pixels 201.

[0078] It is understood that the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is positioned between two adjacent sub-pixels 201. Since the magnetic supply element 22 is also positioned between two adjacent sub-pixels 201, by positioning the magnetic field shielding layer 23 corresponding to the magnetic supply element 22, the magnetic field of the magnetic supply element 22 can be more effectively shielded. This effectively prevents the magnetic field of the magnetic supply element 22 from reaching the display device 200 and affecting the normal display of the sub-pixels 201 of the display device 200. The shielding effect is better and more conducive to improving display performance. Moreover, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 only covers the non-opening area of ​​the display device 200 and does not block the pixel opening area, which can further improve the transmittance of light emitted by the sub-pixels 201 and help maintain a high display contrast.

[0079] In some embodiments, the display device 200 includes a plurality of pixel units 207, each pixel unit 207 including at least three sub-pixels 201, and the sub-pixels 201 of the plurality of pixel units 207 do not overlap. For example, each pixel unit 207 includes at least three sub-pixels 201, and the three sub-pixels 201 may be the same color or different colors. For example, each pixel unit 207 may include red, green and blue sub-pixels 201. In this embodiment, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is positioned between two adjacent pixel units 207.

[0080] That is, in this embodiment, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is not provided at every position between any two adjacent sub-pixels 201. The magnetic field shielding layer 23 is only provided at the position between two adjacent pixel units 207. The magnetic field shielding layer 23 can still prevent the magnetic field of the magnetic supply element 22 from acting on the sub-pixels 201 within the pixel unit 207 of the display device 200, thus shielding the magnetic field of the magnetic supply element 22 from affecting the pixel unit 207 of the display device 200. Moreover, since the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is only provided at the position between two adjacent pixel units 207, the amount of material used for the magnetic field shielding layer 23 can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial for reducing costs and simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0081] In some embodiments, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 is made of permalloy. Permalloy is a high-nickel-iron soft magnetic alloy, typically composed of 80% nickel and 20% iron. It achieves magnetic bypass through its ultra-high permeability, guiding magnetic field lines into the interior of the permalloy material and preventing external magnetic fields from penetrating into the protected area, i.e., the display device 200. Its high permeability and low coercivity effectively guide external magnetic fields and generate an internal induced magnetic field in the opposite direction.

[0082] Specifically, after the magnetic field enters the magnetic field shielding layer 23, it forms a magnetic field inside the permalloy material that is opposite in direction to the external magnetic field (i.e., the magnetic field of the magnetic supply component 22). The two cancel each other out. The reverse magnetic field inside the magnetic field shielding layer 23 cancels out the magnetic field exerted by the magnetic supply component 22 on the display device 200, thus preventing the magnetic field of the magnetic supply component 22 from interfering with the display device 200 below it. This effectively prevents the magnetic field of the magnetic supply component 22 from acting on the display device 200 and causing abnormal display images. By setting the magnetic field shielding layer 23, the display effect of the display module 300 can be effectively guaranteed, and the display stability can be improved.

[0083] In other embodiments, the magnetic field shielding layer 23 can also be made of other materials with high magnetic permeability, such as amorphous alloys, nanocrystalline alloys, and ferrite materials. Specifically, for example, 35%~40% Ni-Fe alloy, 45%~50% Ni-Fe alloy, 50%~65% Ni-Fe alloy, 70%~81% Ni-Fe alloy, iron-based amorphous alloys (such as Fe...) 80 B 20 Nanocrystalline alloys, such as the Finemet series, are examples. Among them, 70%–81% Ni-Fe alloys exhibit high magnetic permeability. By adding elements such as molybdenum, chromium, and copper to iron-nickel alloys and controlling heat treatment, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant K1 and the magnetostriction constant λ can be made to simultaneously approach zero, thereby obtaining soft magnetic properties with ultra-high magnetic permeability, extremely low coercivity, and excellent stress stability.

[0084] Specifically, the material of the magnetic field shielding layer 23 can be selected as needed, as long as it can shield the magnetic field of the magnetic supply component 22 from the influence of the display device 200.

[0085] In the first embodiment, see Figures 1 to 3 The display device 200 includes a display panel 203. In this embodiment, the display panel 203 is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel. The display panel 203 includes the aforementioned plurality of sub-pixels 201. Each sub-pixel 201 includes a first electrode 204, a light-emitting layer 205, and a second electrode 206 stacked together. The light-emitting layer 205 is an organic light-emitting layer 205. The second electrode 206 is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 205 closest to the dimming component 100, and the second electrode 206 serves as the aforementioned semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202.

[0086] That is, in this embodiment, the display device 200 does not need to set a separate semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202. The second electrode 206 of the display panel 203 itself can be used as the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 to reflect ambient light.

[0087] In one specific embodiment, the display panel 203 is a top-emitting display panel, the first electrode 204 is the anode, the second electrode 206 is the cathode, and the cathodes of multiple sub-pixels 201 are interconnected, with the cathode serving as the aforementioned semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202. Specifically, the cathode of the organic light-emitting diode display panel is very thin, exhibiting a semi-transparent and semi-reflective effect, and can be directly used as the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 to reflect ambient light. By using the second electrode 206 as the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202, ambient light is reflected at the second electrode 206, effectively guiding internal reflection interference of ambient light to the dimming component 100 for processing, thereby achieving shielding against ambient light interference and improving display contrast.

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the display panel 203 is working normally, it displays a white state or other grayscale. At this time, electron-hole pairs are generated at the cathode and anode, exciting the light-emitting material of the light-emitting layer 205 to emit light. The light emitted from the light-emitting layer 205 of the sub-pixel 201 vibrates in all directions. After the light from the sub-pixel 201 enters the magneto-optical medium layer 21, the polarization direction of all the light rays is rotated counterclockwise by 45° and exits from the magneto-optical medium layer 21. Since the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 205 of the sub-pixel 201 vibrates in all directions, the light from the sub-pixel 201 modulated by the magneto-optical medium layer 21 does not substantially change compared to before modulation and still vibrates in all directions. The light from the sub-pixel 201 is finally emitted through the polarizer 1, and the dimming component 100 has little effect on the transmittance of the light from the sub-pixel 201 of the display panel 203.

[0089] When ambient light illuminates the display module 300, ambient light vibrating in any direction becomes first linearly polarized light L1 after passing through the polarizer 1 with a polarization angle of 45°. Upon entering the magneto-optical medium layer 21, it is rotated counterclockwise by 45°, thus forming second linearly polarized light L2. When the second linearly polarized light L2 illuminates the second electrode 206 (the cathode surface), it is reflected by the cathode and re-enters the magneto-optical medium layer 21. The second linearly polarized light L2 is further rotated counterclockwise by 45° to form third linearly polarized light L3. The polarization direction of the third linearly polarized light L3 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 1. The third linearly polarized light L3 is blocked by the polarizer 1 and cannot be emitted, thereby achieving the effect of shielding ambient light interference and preventing ambient light from being reflected inside the display panel 203 and interfering with the normal display of the display panel 203.

[0090] In other embodiments, the organic light-emitting diode display panel can also be configured as other types of display panels, such as bottom-emitting display panels, as long as one of the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 206 can serve as a semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 to reflect ambient light. The specific configuration can be determined as needed.

[0091] In this embodiment, the display device 200 may also include other structures or units, such as control circuits (not shown), which can be designed as needed.

[0092] In the second embodiment, see Figures 4 to 6 The display device 200 includes a display panel 203, which is a liquid crystal display panel. In some embodiments, the display device 200 further includes a backlight unit (not shown), with the display panel 203 disposed on one side of the backlight unit, and the backlight unit providing a backlight source for the display panel 203.

[0093] In this embodiment, the display device 200 needs to be provided with a separate transflective layer 202. Specifically, the transflective layer 202 is disposed on the light-emitting surface side of the display panel 203 and is located between the display panel 203 and the dimming component 100. The transflective layer 202 allows light emitted from the display panel 203 to pass through normally, but reflects light incident from the dimming component 100. That is, the transflective layer 202 can transmit light emitted from the display panel 203 and can reflect the second linearly polarized light L2 incident on the surface of the transflective layer 202 from the dimming component 100.

[0094] It is understood that in this embodiment, by setting the display panel 203 as a liquid crystal display panel and by setting a separate semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202 between the display panel 203 and the dimming component 100, ambient light can still be reflected. Thus, after the ambient light is modulated by the dimming component 100, it cannot be emitted from the polarizer 1, effectively blocking the interference of ambient light, which facilitates the improvement of display contrast, and does not affect the light emitted from one side of the display panel 203, ensuring light transmittance.

[0095] Specifically, in this embodiment, in some implementation methods, see [reference needed]. Figures 4 to 6 The display device 200 also includes a first polarizer 208 and a second polarizer 209. The first polarizer 208 is disposed on the light-incident surface of the display panel 203, that is, between the display panel 203 and the backlight unit. The second polarizer 209 is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 203. Specifically, the second polarizer 209 is disposed between the display panel 203 and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer 202. The polarization directions of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are perpendicular.

[0096] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the polarization angle of the first polarizer 208 is 90°, and the polarization angle of the second polarizer 209 is 0°. The light emitted from the display panel 203, after passing through the second polarizer 209, is actually linearly polarized light with a polarization angle of 0°. After the light reaches the magneto-optical modulation layer 2 of the dimming assembly 100, it is rotated counterclockwise by 45°, forming linearly polarized light with a polarization angle of 45°. The polarization direction of this light is the same as that of the polarizer 1, and it can be completely emitted from the polarizer 1. The dimming assembly 100 does not affect the transmittance of the light emitted from the display panel 203.

[0097] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the transmission path of ambient light in the display module 300 and the specific modulation method of the dimming component 100 can be referred to the relevant description in the first embodiment, and the same technical effect can be achieved, so it will not be repeated here.

[0098] The display module 300 provided in this application embodiment can achieve the effect of shielding ambient light interference. This display module 300 is simple, feasible, and low-cost. It is insensitive to temperature fluctuations and mechanical vibrations. Rotation efficiency can be optimized through material selection or magnetic field design to achieve precise optical control, accurately control the spectral range, and has a long service life. Furthermore, the dimming component 100 of the display module 300 only changes the polarization direction of the incident light on one side of the display device without affecting the light intensity. The dimming component 100 operates based on the physical mechanism of a magnetic field, and since it is located entirely above the display device 200, it does not affect the propagation of light inside the display device 200. The structure of the display module 300 can shield the interference of ambient light reflected inside the display device 200, solving the problems of graying blacks, washed-out colors, and reduced contrast in related technologies. At the same time, it does not weaken the color gamut, effectively ensuring the light transmittance of the sub-pixels 201 and improving the display contrast.

[0099] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, include: The display device includes a plurality of spaced-apart sub-pixels; the display device includes a semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer; A dimming assembly is disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the display device, and includes a magneto-optical modulation layer and a polarizer; the polarizer is disposed on the side of the magneto-optical modulation layer away from the display device; the magneto-optical modulation layer includes a magnetic field shielding layer, a magnetizing element and a magneto-optical medium layer stacked in sequence, and the magnetic field shielding layer is located on the side of the magnetizing element closer to the display device. Wherein, the polarizing element is used to modulate ambient light incident on the dimming component into first linearly polarized light, the first linearly polarized light having a first polarization angle; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the first linearly polarized light into second linearly polarized light under the drive of the magnetizing element; the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer is used to reflect the second linearly polarized light incident therein to the magneto-optical medium layer; the magneto-optical medium layer is used to modulate the second linearly polarized light incident therein into third linearly polarized light, the third linearly polarized light having a third polarization angle; the third polarization angle is perpendicular to the first polarization angle; The dimming component is configured to allow light emitted by the sub-pixel to escape.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magneto-optical medium layer is configured corresponding to the sub-pixel; Alternatively, the magneto-optical medium layer may be disposed corresponding to the display area of ​​the display device.

3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magneto-optical dielectric layer includes a magneto-optical dielectric material; The material of the magneto-optical dielectric layer includes any one of yttrium iron garnet, bismuth-doped rare earth iron garnet, and terbium aluminum garnet.

4. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magneto-optical medium layer is a composite magneto-optical structure composed of at least two magneto-optical medium materials connected in series, and the dispersion of the at least two magneto-optical medium materials compensates for each other.

5. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the magneto-optical dielectric layer is 2-10 μm.

6. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field shielding layer is positioned corresponding to the position between two adjacent sub-pixels; Alternatively, the display device may include a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including at least three sub-pixels; the magnetic field shielding layer is positioned corresponding to the position between two adjacent pixel units.

7. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the magnetic field shielding layer includes permalloy.

8. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic supply element is positioned corresponding to the position between two adjacent sub-pixels; And / or, the magnetizing element includes a permanent magnet; the material of the permanent magnet includes neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.

9. The display module according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The display device includes a display panel, which is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel. The display panel includes the sub-pixel, and the sub-pixel includes a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode stacked together; the second electrode is located on the side of the light-emitting layer close to the dimming component, and the second electrode serves as the semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer.

10. The display module according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The display device includes a display panel, which is a liquid crystal display panel; The semi-transparent and semi-reflective layer is disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the display panel and is located between the display panel and the dimming component.

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