Airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effect evaluation method and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effect evaluation method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring source data; and automatically analyzing the source data from the plurality of evaluation dimensions to obtain an evaluation result, and generating a document report. The method has the following advantages: (1) comprehensiveness: the whole process of bird strike risk prevention and control operation is covered from bird activity to risk carding, targeted evaluation of a risk prevention and control method, overall evaluation of a risk prevention and control effect and bird strike accident analysis by using six dimensions; (2) specialty: a plurality of indexes are further expanded from a plurality of angles under each dimension, so that details can be deepened to master bird strike prevention work and effects; the index design is verified by theoretical guidance and practice, and bird habits are fully considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of airport bird strike risk prevention and control technology, specifically to a method and system for assessing the risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness of airport birds strikes. Background Technology

[0002] Bird strike risk prevention and control is a complex systems engineering project. Traditional risk prevention and control work begins with bird surveys, followed by the development of comprehensive risk prevention and control plans, implementation plans, effectiveness evaluations, and adjustments, forming a complete work loop. Throughout this loop, it is essential to continuously monitor bird activity information. With the development of low-altitude detection technology, airport bird activity detection technology has been applied, significantly improving the ability to detect bird activity. However, the utilization of this detection information mainly relies on its integration with bird deterrence equipment to form intelligent bird deterrence systems. While some systems offer statistical chart analysis functions for the detection data, their integration with risk prevention and control operations is not close enough. This approach cannot fully meet the needs of a complete risk prevention and control loop, and further exploration of ways to utilize detection information is required.

[0003] Besides intelligent bird control equipment, bird activity detection information can improve bird strike risk prevention and control on three levels. First, in the risk prevention and control plan development stage, understanding bird activity patterns and locating high-risk bird activity allows for more targeted risk prevention and control efforts, including ecological restoration, deployment of bird control equipment, and personnel allocation. Second, in the effectiveness evaluation stage, the effectiveness of bird control equipment, methods, and ecological restoration approaches needs to be assessed at the micro level to provide a basis for improving the implementation of bird control measures. Third, the overall effectiveness of risk prevention and control work also needs to be evaluated at the macro level. This provides a basis for adjusting the overall risk prevention and control plan and also serves as a way to assess the overall work of the department. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art mentioned in the background, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for assessing the risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness of bird strikes at airports.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for assessing the risk situation and prevention effectiveness of bird strikes at airports, comprising:

[0006] Acquire source data; the source data includes manually entered data and detection data automatically acquired by the collaborative detection system;

[0007] The source data is automatically analyzed from multiple evaluation dimensions to obtain evaluation results, and an interface display and document report are automatically generated based on the evaluation results.

[0008] Multiple assessment dimensions include statistical analysis of overall bird activity, analysis of high-risk bird species and activity patterns, analysis of the effectiveness of bird control measures, analysis of the effectiveness of ecological governance measures, analysis of the effect of risk situation control, and analysis of bird strike incidents.

[0009] As a specific implementation of this application, statistical analysis of overall bird activity is conducted, specifically as follows:

[0010] The macroscopic status and patterns of bird activity at the airport are presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps.

[0011] The source data is filtered to generate evaluation indicators, which are then used for quantitative analysis. The evaluation indicators include statistical analysis of bird species and numbers, distribution quantity or density analysis of three-dimensional space / planar area / altitude layer, statistical analysis of bird activities by season / month / day / 24 hours / day and night / whether it is a migration season, representative activity pattern analysis, and trajectory analysis.

[0012] As a specific implementation of this application, the detection data is corrected in the quantity statistics and density analysis, specifically as follows:

[0013] The three-dimensional space is divided into a three-dimensional grid, and the detection data is used to calculate the initial value of the number or density of bird activities in each three-dimensional grid;

[0014] Based on the distance between each 3D grid and the radar detection device, and according to the coefficient of radar detectability attenuation with distance, the attenuation coefficient 'a' of each 3D grid is set as the attenuation coefficient of radar detectability at that distance.

[0015] Based on the height of each 3D grid, and according to the radar detection performance attenuation coefficient b at ultra-low altitude, the attenuation coefficient a of each grid is multiplied by the ultra-low altitude attenuation coefficient b to obtain the attenuation coefficient k.

[0016] Based on the coverage capability of the cooperative detection system, the attenuation coefficient of the three-dimensional grid that cannot be covered is set to 0, and the attenuation coefficient of the three-dimensional grid that is too small is set to 0.

[0017] For a stereo grid with an attenuation coefficient of 0, the detected data within the stereo grid is removed; for a stereo grid with an attenuation coefficient that is not 0, the correction value of the stereo grid is obtained by dividing the initial value of the number or density of bird activities of the stereo grid by the attenuation coefficient k of the stereo grid.

[0018] The number of the three-dimensional grid is corrected using the correction value, and the spatiotemporal distribution pattern and distribution density of bird activities are calculated based on the corrected number of three-dimensional grids.

[0019] As a specific implementation of this application, the analysis of high-risk bird species and activity patterns is as follows:

[0020] By using statistical analysis of the quantity and quality distribution of bird species, potential high-risk bird species are screened from the source data;

[0021] High-risk bird activity alarm statistics are used to filter out the current high-risk bird species from the source data;

[0022] Bird strike statistics were used to screen potentially high-risk bird species from the source data;

[0023] The high-risk bird species and their activity patterns identified were analyzed and presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps.

[0024] As a specific implementation of this application, the effectiveness analysis of bird-repelling methods is as follows:

[0025] The impact of bird control measures on bird activity is analyzed using data, charts, videos, and 3D maps, and the deployment and operation of bird control equipment are presented.

[0026] Quantitative analysis was conducted using evaluation indicators, including stress response rate, effective range, repulsion effect, typical stress response pattern, and ecological regulation effect.

[0027] As a specific implementation of this application, the effectiveness analysis of ecological governance measures is as follows:

[0028] The implementation of ecological governance measures is presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps, and the impact of these measures on bird activity is analyzed.

[0029] Quantitative analysis was conducted using evaluation indicators, including the effectiveness of population size control and the effectiveness of transit pattern influence.

[0030] As a preferred implementation of this application, the risk situation control effect analysis is as follows:

[0031] It showcases the bird strike risk situation at the airport from a macroscopic analysis, as well as the changes in the risk situation after the implementation of various types of bird control measures;

[0032] Quantitative analysis is conducted using risk situation assessment indicators, which include the key spatiotemporal density risk coefficient and the shortest spatiotemporal distance risk coefficient.

[0033] As a specific implementation of this application, the bird strike incident analysis is as follows:

[0034] The time, location, aircraft part, bird species, and incident process of bird strikes are displayed using data, charts, videos, or 3D maps, and the influencing factors and risk prevention and control results are analyzed.

[0035] Quantitative analysis is conducted using evaluation indicators, including a comparative analysis of actual accident rates and theoretical accident rates, the correlation between accidents and risk prevention and control measures, and the correlation between accidents and environmental factors.

[0036] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness assessment system, including a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory, wherein the processor, input device, output device, and memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0037] The advantages of implementing the airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness assessment method and system provided in the embodiments of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0038] (1) Comprehensive: Using six dimensions, from bird activity to risk analysis, targeted assessment of risk prevention and control methods, overall assessment of risk prevention and control effectiveness, and bird strike accident analysis, it covers the entire process of bird strike risk prevention and control operations.

[0039] (2) Professionalism: Each dimension is further developed from multiple perspectives using multiple indicators, enabling a thorough understanding of bird strike prevention work and its effectiveness. For example, the effectiveness analysis of bird deterrence methods does not simply provide a conclusion of whether they are useful or not, but rather fully evaluates the effects after implementation and combines them with risk control needs. The indicator design is guided by theory and verified by practice, fully considering bird habits. For example, the distance of repulsion is affected not only by the driving force but also by the destination of the birds. Therefore, the assessment does not focus on the distance of the driving force, but rather on whether the birds can be driven out of the effective range. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness assessment method provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a screenshot of the system display interface. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0045] Addressing the three levels of needs outlined in the background section, this invention first proposes a technical solution and system for accurately acquiring information on bird activity. Furthermore, it proposes a method for analyzing bird strike risk trends from six dimensions and evaluating the effectiveness of bird strike risk prevention and control efforts, based on detection information. This system can also serve as a research platform for in-depth study of the effectiveness of bird strike risk prevention and control work and for identifying areas for improvement.

[0046] This invention mainly addresses two problems:

[0047] (I) How to assess bird strike risk and prevention effectiveness, and how to propose indicators. Professional assessment cannot be answered simply by stating whether birds pose a risk or not, or whether risk prevention measures are effective or not. This invention combines research on bird activity patterns and expert experience in bird strike risk prevention and control, proposing a comprehensive assessment method based on six dimensions and subdivided subdimensions.

[0048] (II) How to evaluate bird activity detection data. This invention proposes specific data processing methods to reduce the impact of factors such as missed detections, false detections, and positioning errors on the analysis results, and proposes a method to understand bird activity patterns from detection sampling data.

[0049] It should be noted that the method provided in the embodiments of this invention relies on a system that coordinates radar with various optical detection devices. The system consists of radar detection equipment, optical detection equipment (visible light detection equipment and infrared detection equipment), tracking and imaging equipment, a control center, and various types of bird deterrence devices. The radar performs wide-area bird activity detection. The visible light detection equipment is deployed in pairs, not only detecting bird activity but also locating targets using the triangulation principle. The infrared detection equipment works on the same principle as the visible light equipment, primarily operating at night to address the problem of visible light's inability to detect birds at night. The tracking and imaging equipment has both visible light and infrared cameras, mounted on a turntable, capable of locking onto, tracking, and imaging targets, and acquiring high-resolution target images using a high-magnification lens. The various types of bird deterrence devices refer to devices that use sound, smell, light, etc., to deter birds.

[0050] The above system works as follows:

[0051] Radar detection equipment, optical detection equipment, and tracking and imaging equipment operate automatically to collect bird activity data, classifying and identifying bird species and activity patterns. Furthermore, the system assesses bird strike risk and implements the most appropriate bird deterrence strategy for high-risk birds. Simultaneously, this collaborative system also automatically records the following data: the timing and method of operation of various types of bird deterrence equipment.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a method for assessing the risk situation and prevention effectiveness of bird strikes at airports, comprising:

[0053] S1, retrieve source data.

[0054] In this embodiment, the source data includes both automatically recorded data and manually entered data. Automatically recorded data includes: bird activity data acquired through the aforementioned collaborative detection system, the time and method of operation of various types of bird deterrence equipment, and data obtained by monitoring aircraft activity ADSB information or automatically accessing aircraft activity information. Manually entered data includes: bird activity data from manual surveys, information on manual bird deterrence operations, risk prevention and control operations such as ecological restoration operations, and information on aircraft bird strike incidents.

[0055] S2 automatically analyzes the source data from multiple evaluation dimensions to obtain evaluation results.

[0056] The system automatically analyzes the above information, generating assessment results, charts, and risk prevention recommendations from six evaluation dimensions. It also supports manual revision of the results or direct input of manually collected data. The six evaluation dimensions will be described below.

[0057] 1. Overall Analysis of Bird Activity

[0058] The macroscopic status and patterns of bird activity at the airport are presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps. In addition to visual displays, quantitative analysis is achieved through evaluation indicators. These indicators include bird species (specific species or large / medium / small / flocks) and population statistics, distribution quantity or density in three-dimensional space / planar area / altitude layer, bird activity statistics by season / month / day / 24-hour / day-night / whether it is migration season, and representative activity patterns and trajectory analysis. It should be noted that the data used to generate the evaluation indicators can be filtered from the source data based on conditions such as time, space, and bird species.

[0059] In the analysis of statistical quantity and density-related indicators, either raw data or sampled estimated data can be selected. Raw data can be directly obtained from detection data, i.e., bird activity data acquired through the aforementioned collaborative detection system.

[0060] Sampling estimation methods assume that the probe data is obtained by sampling from real data. Therefore, in order to reconstruct the real data, the probe data needs to be corrected according to the characteristics of the probe technology. This can be done in the following ways:

[0061] (1) Divide the three-dimensional space into three-dimensional grids and use the original detection data to calculate the initial value of the number or density of bird activities in each grid.

[0062] (2) Based on the distance between each grid and the radar, the attenuation coefficient of each grid is set as the attenuation coefficient of the radar detectability at that distance, according to the coefficient of radar detectability attenuation with distance.

[0063] (3) Based on the height of each grid, according to the radar detection performance attenuation coefficient at ultra-low altitude, multiply the attenuation coefficient of each grid by the ultra-low altitude attenuation coefficient, and record the result as k.

[0064] (4) Based on the coverage capability of the detection system, set the attenuation coefficient of the grid that cannot be covered to 0, and set the attenuation coefficient of the grid that is too small to 0.

[0065] (5) For grids with an attenuation coefficient of 0, remove the detection data within the grid; for grids with an attenuation coefficient of non-zero, divide the initial value of the number or density of bird activities in the grid by the attenuation coefficient k of the grid to obtain the correction value of the grid.

[0066] (6) Calculate the spatiotemporal distribution pattern and distribution density using the corrected number of 3D grids.

[0067] 2. Analysis of high-risk bird species and their activity patterns

[0068] High-risk bird species and their activity patterns at airports are displayed using data, charts, photos, and 3D maps to help formulate key risk prevention and control measures.

[0069] In addition, different criteria were used to filter the source data to identify high-risk bird species, specifically:

[0070] By statistically analyzing the quantity and quality distribution of bird species, potential high-risk bird species can be identified, and these species should be given more attention.

[0071] The system uses high-risk bird activity alarm statistics during operation to screen out currently high-risk bird species and reminds users that these bird species are the key targets for current bird strike risk prevention and control.

[0072] Bird strike statistics are used to screen potentially high-risk bird species and to alert people that there may be deficiencies in risk prevention and control for these species.

[0073] Furthermore, the high-risk bird species selected were analyzed and presented using method 1.

[0074] 3. Analysis of the effectiveness of bird deterrence methods

[0075] The impact of bird control measures on bird activity is analyzed using data, charts, videos, and 3D maps, showcasing the deployment and operation of bird control equipment. In addition to visual presentations, quantitative analysis is conducted using evaluation indicators. These indicators include: stress response rate, effective range, deterrence effect, typical stress response pattern, and ecological regulation effect. These indicators primarily evaluate whether and how bird control equipment affects bird activity. Each indicator can be applied to a specific bird control device or a type of bird control equipment.

[0076] (1) Stress response rate

[0077] The stress response rate refers to the probability that birds within the effective range will exhibit a stress response after bird control measures are implemented. The long-term process of the stress response rate changing over time reflects the gradual adaptation of birds to the bird control measures. The formula for calculating the stress response rate is as follows: , where N a N represents the number of stress responses birds exhibit to bird deterrence measures. b The number of times bird deterrence measures were implemented. The criteria for a stress response are: within 3 seconds after the bird deterrence measures were implemented (including system delay), within the effective range, the bird exhibits new activity patterns (birds that were previously hiding in the grass take flight), changes in activity patterns (such as changing from random wandering to flying away in a straight line), or a significant curvature in the activity pattern (significant change in direction).

[0078] (2) Scope of validity

[0079] The effective range refers to the area within which bird deterrence measures can be clearly observed to elicit a stress response from birds. The calculation method is as follows:

[0080] ① Statistical analysis of the distance distribution between birds that exhibited stress responses and bird deterrence equipment;

[0081] ② Take the negative value of all data and then integrate it with the original data;

[0082] ③ Fit the model with a normal distribution model whose mean is 0, and the variance of the best-fit model is the effective radius;

[0083] ④ The effective range is the space within the effective radius of the bird deterrent device.

[0084] (3) Repelling effect

[0085] The effectiveness of bird deterrence is assessed by observing the direction and distance of bird activity in response to stress, noting whether they move away from the bird deterrence equipment or the runway. The distance metric represents the effective deterrence rate, calculated using the following formula: , where N c N is the number of times a stress response is generated and the flight trajectory ends outside the effective range. dThe total number of birds exhibiting stress responses. The directional index is the distribution of bird deterrence directions, calculated as follows: using the bird deterrence equipment as the starting point of the directional vector and the endpoint of the birds' activity trajectory in the emergency response as the endpoint of the directional vector, the directional vector distribution is statistically analyzed. A distribution more towards the direction away from the runway is considered favorable.

[0086] (4) Typical stress response pattern

[0087] Typical stress response patterns are presented in the form of 4D activity trajectories, showcasing typical bird stress response behaviors and their proportion among all stress response behaviors. Similarity is calculated from bird activity trajectories, and activity patterns are clustered based on similarity. The average of each cluster represents the typicality of that activity pattern. From a behavioral motivation perspective, typical stress response patterns include taking off and moving away, taking off and landing in place, random flight after being startled, prolonged lurking, and no response.

[0088] (5) Ecological regulation effect

[0089] Ecological regulation effect refers to the effect of reducing bird activity near bird-repelling devices by making birds perceive the ecological environment as unsuitable for habitation. It is determined by comparing the number of birds or their spatiotemporal distribution density within and outside the effective range of the bird-repelling devices. The calculation formula is as follows: D a Bird deterrence methods affect the average density of bird activity in the time period and area, D b This refers to the average density of bird activity within a time period and area where no bird deterrence measures are in effect, with the altitude distribution consistent with the effective range of bird deterrence measures.

[0090] 4. Analysis of the effectiveness of ecological governance measures

[0091] The implementation of ecological governance measures is presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps, along with an analysis of their impact on bird activity. In addition to visual displays, quantitative analysis is conducted using evaluation indicators. These indicators include: the effectiveness of population control (primarily targeting, but not limited to, resident birds) and the effectiveness of transit pattern impacts (primarily targeting, but not limited to, migratory birds). The main evaluation focuses on whether altering the ecological environment can reduce the number of birds within the airport, change the activity patterns of long-distance birds passing through the airport, and reduce the risk of bird strikes.

[0092] Among them, the method for evaluating the effectiveness of population size control is as follows:

[0093] (1) Select the type of ecological governance method, and the system will automatically extract the time and area of ​​the operation from the operation record.

[0094] (2) Select the bird species to be evaluated (the default is to select all common bird species at the airport). The system will automatically read the activity data of the selected bird species in the operation area and surrounding areas, before and after the operation time and in the same period of previous years from the bird activity database.

[0095] (3) Calculate the spatiotemporal density of bird activity over time from bird activity data for the same period in previous years. and the normal fluctuation range.

[0096] (4) Combine the spatiotemporal density and temporal variation curves of bird activity before ecological restoration operations to predict the temporal variation curve of bird activity spatiotemporal density under normal circumstances. , where c is the coefficient of variation, and f(t) is the ratio of the spatiotemporal density of bird activity before the ecological restoration operation to the average of the data for the same period in previous years.

[0097] (5) The temporal variation curve of bird activity spatial and temporal density after ecological restoration operations. Compared with the predicted curve By comparison, the effectiveness-time variation curve was calculated as follows: .

[0098] Methodology for assessing the effectiveness of transit mode impact:

[0099] Similar to the method for assessing the effectiveness of population control, the spatiotemporal density of bird activity is replaced with the number of non-stop activity tracks (not stopping at the airport) and the number of stop activity tracks (stopping at the airport).

[0100] 5. Analysis of the effectiveness of risk situation control

[0101] The risk control effect analysis macroscopically examines the bird strike risk situation at the airport and the changes in the risk situation after the implementation of various types of bird control measures. In addition to visual demonstrations, quantitative analysis is conducted using evaluation indicators. These indicators include the critical spatiotemporal density risk coefficient and the shortest spatiotemporal distance risk coefficient. It should be noted that this embodiment selects bird activity data after the implementation of bird control measures to calculate the risk situation evaluation indicators and their changes, thereby assessing the risk situation control effect of the bird control measures. Compared to bird control effectiveness analysis and ecological governance effectiveness analysis, which focus on evaluating whether there is an impact, the risk situation control effect analysis focuses on evaluating how the impact leads to changes in risk.

[0102] Among them, the critical spatiotemporal density refers to the density of bird activity in the vicinity of the aircraft during takeoff and landing, which directly affects the probability of bird strike accidents. The risk coefficient is calculated as follows:

[0103] (1) Select spatial regions (not exceeding 100 meters) and time periods (not exceeding 30 seconds) of nearby aircraft activity from the spatiotemporal density grid of bird activity (refer to the section on overall bird activity analysis) to establish the high-risk spatiotemporal bird activity density for each grid i. .

[0104] (2) Select other spatial regions and other times from the spatiotemporal density grid of bird activity, establish the spatiotemporal density of bird activity for each grid i, and calculate the average value according to the altitude layer. .

[0105] (3) For each Divide by the same height layer The high-risk spatiotemporal bird activity density was obtained by eliminating the impact of bird population fluctuations. .

[0106] (4) Calculate the weighted average of the spatiotemporal distance between each grid and the aircraft. The average value is used to obtain the risk coefficient. The closer the spatial and temporal distance, the larger the weighting coefficient.

[0107] Furthermore, the shortest spatiotemporal distance refers to the shortest distance between birds and aircraft during bird activity, directly reflecting the risk level of bird activity. The risk coefficient is calculated as follows:

[0108] (1) For each bird activity trajectory, calculate the moment when the distance between the bird and the aircraft is shortest. The distance between the bird and the aircraft at that moment is the shortest spatiotemporal distance.

[0109] (2) Count the number of bird activity tracks in each distance segment.

[0110] (3) Set a safe distance and calculate the average number M of bird activity tracks at each distance segment outside the safe distance. a ;

[0111] (4) Calculate the number of bird activity tracks M in each distance segment j within the safe distance. j Divide by the factor that eliminates the impact of fluctuations in bird populations. .

[0112] (5) Calculate the weighted average of each segment's distance. The average value is used to obtain the risk coefficient. The closer the distance, the larger the weighting coefficient.

[0113] The safety distance in step (3) can be calculated in the following way:

[0114] ① Extract activity data of this bird species in two scenarios: free movement and aircraft stress response, and segment them according to their distance from the take-off and landing flight path;

[0115] ② Calculate the mean and statistical distribution values ​​of motion trajectory characteristics such as velocity, acceleration, direction, and duration for each segment;

[0116] ③ For each distance segment, compare the differences in motion trajectory feature values ​​between the two scenarios. If the differences are small, it is considered that bird activity at that distance is not easily affected by aircraft activity.

[0117] ④ The boundary of a continuous segment that is not easily affected by aircraft activity is taken as the safe distance;

[0118] ⑤ If the calculated safe distance is too small (generally less than 10-30 meters), it is considered that there is insufficient ability to detect and avoid aircraft in this situation, and timely intervention is required. Therefore, the safe distance is forcibly set to a larger value (generally 50-300 meters) to facilitate early handling.

[0119] Further considering the impact of factors such as differences in daylight and nighttime lighting conditions, as well as differences in weather conditions on sunny and rainy days, on birds' perception abilities, the data is further refined according to scene attributes. By repeating the above steps, the safe distance for the corresponding scene can be obtained.

[0120] 6. Bird Strike Incident Analysis

[0121] The system uses data, charts, videos, and 3D maps to display the time, location, aircraft part, bird species, and incident process of bird strikes, analyzing influencing factors and risk control achievements. In addition to visual presentation, it employs quantitative analysis using evaluation indicators. These indicators include: a comparison of actual and theoretical accident rates, the correlation between accidents and risk control measures, and the correlation between accidents and environmental factors. Risk control measures include bird deterrence and ecological restoration methods. Environmental factors include weather, vegetation, insects, and birds of prey.

[0122] Furthermore, the method for comparing and analyzing actual accident rates with theoretical accident rates:

[0123] (1) Read the spatial and temporal density of bird activity at the airport during the aircraft take-off and landing period.

[0124] (2) Calculate the probability of a bird strike incident occurring on a single flight using the formula.

[0125]

[0126] Where S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the aircraft. To determine the flight distance within the spatial 3D grid i, To determine the high-risk spatiotemporal bird activity density in spatial grid i (refer to step 1 of the risk situation control effect analysis).

[0127] (3) Repeat step (2) for all flights and take the average value to obtain the theoretical accident rate of these flights.

[0128] (4) Compare the actual accident rate manually reported by staff with the theoretical accident rate to analyze the risk prevention and control effect.

[0129] S3 automatically generates interface displays and document reports based on the evaluation results.

[0130] As can be seen from the above description, the advantages of the airport bird strike risk assessment method and prevention and control effectiveness evaluation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0131] (1) Comprehensive: Using six dimensions, from bird activity to risk analysis, targeted assessment of risk prevention and control methods, overall assessment of risk prevention and control effectiveness, and bird strike accident analysis, it covers the entire process of bird strike risk prevention and control operations.

[0132] (2) Professionalism: Each dimension is further developed from multiple perspectives using multiple indicators, enabling a thorough understanding of bird strike prevention work and its effectiveness. For example, the effectiveness analysis of bird deterrence methods does not simply provide a conclusion of whether they are useful or not, but rather fully evaluates the effects after implementation and combines them with risk control needs. The indicator design is guided by theory and verified by practice, fully considering bird habits. For example, the distance of repulsion is affected not only by the driving force but also by the destination of the birds. Therefore, the assessment does not focus on the distance of the driving force, but rather on whether the birds can be driven out of the effective range.

[0133] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention provide an airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness assessment system, comprising: one or more processors, one or more input devices, one or more output devices, and a memory, wherein the processors, input devices, output devices, and memory are interconnected via a bus. The memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, and the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions to execute the method described in the above-described method embodiment.

[0134] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), but it may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0135] Input devices may include keyboards, etc., and output devices may include displays (LCDs, etc.), speakers, etc.

[0136] The memory may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information about the device type.

[0137] In specific implementations, the processor, input device, and output device described in the embodiments of the present invention can execute the implementation methods described in the embodiments of the airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness assessment method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0138] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the system provides an interface to display various data involved in the aforementioned steps, and the displayed content is automatically generated. The interface layout of the system is pre-defined and fixed. In actual use, corresponding data can be retrieved from the database according to filtering criteria and displayed using charts, images, or 3D maps.

[0139] In addition, the system provides a default template for automatically generating reports. The key content of the template is which indicators are used for evaluation in each of the six evaluation dimensions. Users can modify the template, deleting or adding indicators that the system can evaluate, to generate personalized templates.

[0140] Once the template is finalized, the system first uses system data to calculate based on the indicators set in the template, and then obtains numerical or chart results.

[0141] Based on the indicator attributes and calculation results, the corresponding expression is found. This expression is then embedded into the corresponding position in the report template text version to generate a complete report. Finally, a large language model is used to polish the report's text.

[0142] Furthermore, to better understand the automatic interface display function and automatic document report generation process of the system in this embodiment of the invention, examples are given below.

[0143] 1. Automatically generate system interface display

[0144] The system allows users to select six evaluation dimensions via a primary menu, and then choose indicators and data ranges via secondary menus. On charts or 3D maps, the display layers and display methods can be adjusted via a tertiary menu.

[0145] The six evaluation dimensions and their included indicators are system-defined. The displayed data, charts, photos, and 3D activity trajectories are generated based on the indicators and selected data.

[0146] The assessment dimension selected high-risk targets, the indicator selected was bird activity trajectory, and the data range was selected as follows: below 100 meters, all bird species, and 8:00-9:00 AM on a certain day. The results are as follows: Figure 2 The results are shown below.

[0147] 2. A simple implementation case of automatically generating document reports

[0148] Taking the statistical analysis of overall bird activity in Part One as an example, this paper uses a simple implementation case to introduce the automatic report generation process. A simplified system default template, after user adjustments, generates a personalized template as follows:

[0149] 1. Statistical Analysis of Overall Bird Activity

[0150] 1.1 Quantity Statistics

[0151] Bird species statistics + quantity statistics - All - Annual (default)

[0152] Bird species statistics + population statistics - High risk - Spring (personalized)

[0153] 1.2 Spatial Distribution Pattern

[0154] Based on the above-defined indicators, data is retrieved from the system and charts are generated. According to the indicator attributes and calculation results, the corresponding expression is found, and after embedding it into the corresponding position in the report template text version, the following is obtained:

[0155] 1. Statistical Analysis of Overall Bird Activity

[0156] 1.1 Quantity Statistics

[0157] This year, 123 bird species were monitored at the airport, totaling 45.67 million bird visits. The statistics on bird species and numbers are shown in the table below.

[0158] Bird Species and Quantity Statistics Table

[0159] Among them, 10 bird species were identified as high-risk in spring, with a total of 12.34 million bird sightings detected. Basic information is shown in the following chart:

[0160]

[0161] Table 1

[0162] In the various embodiments of this invention, each module collects and stores user information only with the full authorization of the user and in compliance with relevant laws and regulations, and protects the security and privacy of user data, strictly prohibiting unauthorized access; data processing will be carried out within the scope stipulated by law and will not exceed the purpose and scope authorized by the user; at the same time, the user has the right to access, correct, delete, restrict processing, refuse, etc. of their personal data; and strictly abides by applicable laws and regulations and conducts compliance review.

[0163] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the risk situation and prevention effectiveness of bird strikes at airports, characterized in that, include: Obtain source data; The source data includes manually entered data and detection data automatically acquired by the collaborative detection system; The source data is automatically analyzed from multiple evaluation dimensions to obtain evaluation results, and an interface display and document report are automatically generated based on the evaluation results. Multiple assessment dimensions include statistical analysis of overall bird activity, analysis of high-risk bird species and activity patterns, analysis of the effectiveness of bird control measures, analysis of the effectiveness of ecological governance measures, analysis of the effect of risk situation control, and analysis of bird strike incidents.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overall statistical analysis of bird activity is as follows: The macroscopic status and patterns of bird activity at the airport are presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps. The source data is filtered to generate evaluation indicators, which are then used for quantitative analysis. The evaluation indicators include statistical analysis of bird species and numbers, distribution quantity or density analysis of three-dimensional space / planar area / altitude layer, statistical analysis of bird activities by season / month / day / 24 hours / day and night / whether it is a migration season, representative activity pattern analysis, and trajectory analysis.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method also includes correcting the detection data in quantity statistics and density analysis, specifically as follows: The three-dimensional space is divided into a three-dimensional grid, and the detection data is used to calculate the initial value of the number or density of bird activities in each three-dimensional grid; Based on the distance between each 3D grid and the radar detection device, and according to the coefficient of radar detectability attenuation with distance, the attenuation coefficient 'a' of each 3D grid is set as the attenuation coefficient of radar detectability at that distance. Based on the height of each 3D grid, and according to the radar detection performance attenuation coefficient b at ultra-low altitude, the attenuation coefficient a of each grid is multiplied by the ultra-low altitude attenuation coefficient b to obtain the attenuation coefficient k. Based on the coverage capability of the cooperative detection system, the attenuation coefficient of the three-dimensional grid that cannot be covered is set to 0, and the attenuation coefficient of the three-dimensional grid that is too small is set to 0. For 3D grids with an attenuation coefficient of 0, remove the detection data within the 3D grid; For a 3D grid with a non-zero attenuation coefficient, the correction value of the 3D grid is obtained by dividing the initial value of the number or density of bird activities of the 3D grid by the attenuation coefficient k of the 3D grid. The number of the three-dimensional grid is corrected using the correction value, and the spatiotemporal distribution pattern and distribution density of bird activities are calculated based on the corrected number of three-dimensional grids.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis of high-risk bird species and their activity patterns is as follows: By using statistical analysis of the quantity and quality distribution of bird species, potential high-risk bird species are screened from the source data; High-risk bird activity alarm statistics are used to filter out the current high-risk bird species from the source data; Bird strike statistics were used to screen potentially high-risk bird species from the source data; The high-risk bird species and their activity patterns identified were analyzed and presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The effectiveness analysis of bird deterrence methods is as follows: The impact of bird control measures on bird activity is analyzed using data, charts, videos, and 3D maps, and the deployment and operation of bird control equipment are presented. Quantitative analysis was conducted using evaluation indicators, including stress response rate, effective range, repulsion effect, typical stress response pattern, and ecological regulation effect.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The effectiveness analysis of ecological governance measures is as follows: The implementation of ecological governance measures is presented using data, charts, photographs, and 3D maps, and the impact of these measures on bird activity is analyzed. Quantitative analysis was conducted using evaluation indicators, including the effectiveness of population size control and the effectiveness of transit pattern influence. The assessment of the effectiveness of population size control specifically includes: Select the type of ecological governance method, and automatically extract the time and area of ​​the operation from the operation record of the source data; Select a bird species, and the system will automatically retrieve the activity data of the selected bird species in and around the work area, before and after the work time, and in the same period of previous years from the bird activity database. The spatiotemporal density of bird activity over time was calculated from bird activity data from the same period in previous years. and the normal fluctuation range; The spatiotemporal density and temporal variation curves of bird activity before ecological restoration operations D Combined, predict the temporal variation curve of bird activity spatiotemporal density under normal circumstances. ,in c It is the coefficient of variation, which is the ratio of the spatiotemporal density of bird activity before ecological restoration operations to the average data of the same period in previous years; The temporal variation curve of bird activity spatial and temporal density after ecological restoration operations Compared with the predicted curve By comparison, the effectiveness-time variation curve was calculated as follows: ; The assessment of the effectiveness of the transit mode is specifically as follows: The aforementioned spatiotemporal density of bird activity is replaced with the number of non-stopping activity tracks and the number of stopping activity tracks. The same principles and methodological steps as the population control effectiveness assessment method are used to assess the effectiveness of transit pattern impact.

7. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The specific analysis of the effectiveness of risk situation control is as follows: It showcases the bird strike risk situation at the airport from a macroscopic analysis, as well as the changes in the risk situation after the implementation of various types of bird control measures; Quantitative analysis is performed using risk situation assessment indicators; these indicators include the key spatiotemporal density risk coefficient and the shortest spatiotemporal distance risk coefficient. The method for calculating the key spatiotemporal density risk coefficient is as follows: Data is filtered from a 3D grid of bird activity spatiotemporal density based on the spatial region of adjacent airways and the time of nearby aircraft activity. A high-risk bird spatiotemporal activity density is then established for each 3D grid i based on the filtered data. ; Data was selected from a 3D grid of bird activity spatiotemporal density based on other spatial regions and time periods. High-risk bird spatiotemporal activity density was then established for each 3D grid i based on the selected data. ; For each high-risk spatiotemporal bird activity density Divide by the spatiotemporal activity density of high-risk birds at the same altitude level The spatiotemporal activity density of high-risk birds was obtained to eliminate the impact of bird population fluctuations. ; The spatiotemporal activity density of high-risk birds is calculated by weighting the spatiotemporal distance between each 3D grid and the aircraft. The average value is used to obtain the key spatiotemporal density risk coefficient; The method for calculating the risk coefficient of the shortest spatiotemporal distance: Count the number of bird activity tracks in each distance segment; Set a safe distance and calculate the average number M of bird activity tracks at each distance segment outside the safe distance. a ; Calculate the number M of bird activity tracks in each distance segment j within the safe distance. j Calculate to eliminate the impact of bird population fluctuations ; Calculate by weighting the distance of each segment. The average value is used to obtain the shortest spatiotemporal distance risk coefficient.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific analysis of bird strike incidents is as follows: The time, location, aircraft part, bird species, and incident process of bird strikes are displayed using data, charts, videos, or 3D maps, and the influencing factors and risk prevention and control results are analyzed. Quantitative analysis was conducted using evaluation indicators, including a comparison of actual accident rates with theoretical accident rates, the correlation between accidents and risk prevention and control measures, and the correlation between accidents and environmental factors. The comparison and analysis of the actual accident rate and the theoretical accident rate specifically includes: Read the spatiotemporal density of bird activity at the airport during aircraft takeoff and landing times; Calculate the probability of bird strikes occurring on all flights and take the average to obtain the theoretical accident rate; The actual accident rate manually reported by staff is compared with the theoretical accident rate to analyze the effectiveness of risk prevention and control.

9. An airport bird strike risk situation and prevention and control effectiveness assessment system, comprising a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory, wherein the processor, input device, output device, and memory are interconnected, characterized in that, The memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, and the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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