Communication method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication method and device. In a method, a terminal device may receive a receive paging message of a non-serving beam (e.g., a second beam) in a case where the terminal device resides in a serving beam (e.g., a first beam). Thus, even if the signal quality of the service beam is poor, and / or even if the terminal device is in a shielded scene, the terminal device can still successfully receive the paging message from the non-service beam, which is beneficial for improving the success rate of the terminal device to receive the paging message, that is, improving the call completion rate of the terminal device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In a communication system, when a network device needs to transmit data or make calls with a terminal device, the network device must send a paging message to the terminal device. Only when the terminal device responds to the paging message can a wireless link be established between the network device and the terminal device, thereby enabling data transmission or calls.

[0003] However, weak network signals or obstructions in the environment can prevent the terminal from successfully receiving paging messages, resulting in a low success rate. For example, during a call, if the user places the terminal in their pocket or in an environment with physical obstructions, significant penetration loss can occur, potentially leading to a low call completion rate and negatively impacting user experience. Therefore, the success rate of receiving paging messages needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and apparatus for improving the success rate of receiving paging messages.

[0005] Firstly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method. This method can be applied to a first terminal device. The first terminal device can be the first terminal device itself, a module within the first terminal device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first terminal device. Modules within the first terminal device can be, for example, software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. Specific hardware modules within the first terminal device include processors, communication modules, or circuits or chips responsible for communication functions. Chips can be, for example, modem chips (also known as baseband chips), system-on-a-chip (SoC) chips containing modem cores, or system-in-package (SIP) chips. The following example uses the first terminal device as the first terminal device side.

[0006] The method includes: residing in a first beam, the first beam being a serving beam of a first terminal device; and receiving a paging message from a second beam, the second beam being a non-serving beam of the first terminal device, the paging message being used to paging the first terminal device.

[0007] In this embodiment, the first terminal device can receive paging messages via a non-serving beam (such as a second beam). Thus, even if the signal quality of the serving beam is poor, and / or the signal of the serving beam is blocked, the first terminal device can successfully receive paging messages from the second beam. This improves the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages, facilitating the establishment of a wireless link between the first terminal device and the network side for data transmission or calls, thereby enhancing the user experience. In the case of a call, the method provided in this embodiment can improve the call completion rate of the terminal device.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the method further includes receiving a first signal from the second beam, the first signal being used to determine compensation parameters for achieving downlink synchronization between the second beam and the first terminal device. For example, the first terminal device may achieve downlink synchronization with the second beam based on the compensation parameters to receive paging messages from the second beam. Optionally, the first signal may be, for example, a synchronization signal or a cell reference signal.

[0009] In this way, the first terminal device can achieve downlink synchronization with the second beam, thereby improving the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages from the second beam.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving first information from the second beam, the first information indicating a first resource, the first resource being used by the second beam to transmit paging messages. The first information may be carried in system information, for example. This enables the first terminal device and the second beam to reach a consensus on the resources for transmitting paging messages.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the paging message is received when the first beam meets a first condition and / or the second beam meets a second condition. This allows the first terminal device to receive the paging message from a non-serving beam if necessary, thereby reducing the amount of processing required to receive the paging message.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the second condition includes at least one of the following: the signal strength of the second beam is greater than or equal to a first threshold; the signal quality of the second beam is greater than or equal to a second threshold; the signal strength of the second beam is the beam with the highest signal strength among at least one non-serving beam; or the signal quality of the second beam is the beam with the highest signal quality among at least one non-serving beam. This is just an example of the second condition; in reality, there are many other ways to implement the second condition, which are not limited here.

[0013] The second condition provided in the above embodiments indicates that the signal strength and / or signal quality of the second beam are better, which is beneficial to improving the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages on the second beam.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first condition includes: the signal strength of the first beam is less than or equal to a third threshold; and / or, the signal quality of the first beam is less than or equal to a fourth threshold. This is just an example of the first condition; in reality, there are many other ways to implement the first condition, which are not limited here.

[0015] In the above embodiments, when the signal strength and / or signal quality of the serving beam is poor, the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages from the second beam is low. In this case, receiving paging messages from the second beam by the first terminal device helps to improve the success rate of receiving paging messages. When the signal strength and / or signal quality of the first beam is good, it is not necessary to receive paging messages from the first beam, thereby reducing the resource overhead required for the first terminal device to receive paging messages.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the fourth threshold is related to the capabilities of the first terminal device. For example, the fourth threshold is related to the demodulation capability of the first terminal device, specifically, the fourth threshold is the minimum signal quality at which the first terminal device can demodulate the signal.

[0017] In the above implementation, by reasonably setting the fourth threshold, on the one hand, when the signal quality of the first beam is poor, the paging message is received from the second beam, thereby improving the success rate of receiving the paging message; on the other hand, when the signal quality of the first beam is good, it is not necessary to receive the paging message from the second beam, thereby reducing the resource overhead required for the first terminal device to receive the paging message.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the second beam is the beam of a serving satellite of the first terminal device, or the second beam is the beam of a non-serving satellite of the first terminal device.

[0019] In one possible implementation, after receiving a paging message from a first beam on a first resource, the method further includes: after receiving a paging message from a second beam, the method further includes: if the signal quality of the first beam is less than or equal to a fifth threshold, and the signal quality of one of the at least one non-service beams is greater than the signal quality of the first beam within a first duration, determining a target beam from at least one non-service beam, wherein the at least one non-service beam includes the second beam; sending a first message to the target beam, the first message being used to respond to the paging message and to request the establishment of a communication link with the target beam; and receiving a second message from the target beam, the second message indicating the transmission configuration between the target beam and the first terminal device. Optionally, a non-service beam may be the second beam, or a beam other than the second beam among the at least one non-service beams, and this is not limited.

[0020] In the above embodiments, when the signal quality of the serving beam is poor, and the signal quality of the non-serving beam is consistently greater than that of the second beam within the first time period, beam reselection is performed. This avoids beam reselection occurring when the signal quality of the non-serving beam is occasionally greater than that of the serving beam, reducing unnecessary beam reselection and improving the accuracy of beam reselection. Sending the first message in response to the paging message through the target beam ensures a high success rate for sending the first message, facilitating the smooth execution of subsequent data transmission or call services by the first terminal device.

[0021] In one possible implementation, after receiving a second message from the target beam, the method further includes: receiving a third message from the target beam, the third message being used to request the establishment of a call with the second terminal device; and sending a fourth message to the target beam, the fourth message being used to respond to the third message. The second terminal device can act as the calling terminal, and the first terminal device can act as the called terminal.

[0022] The above implementation method can be applied to the case of a call. Since the first terminal device receives the third message through the target beam, the success rate of the first terminal device making a call can be improved, thus enhancing the user experience.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the target beam is the beam with the highest signal quality and / or the highest signal strength among at least one non-serving beam. Optionally, the target beam is a second beam. Alternatively, the target beam may also be any beam among at least one non-serving beam other than the second beam, and this is not limited.

[0024] In the above embodiments, selecting the beam with the highest signal quality or the highest signal strength as the target beam can ensure that the first terminal device can successfully establish a wireless link with the target beam.

[0025] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method. This method is applied to a network device. The network device can be the network device itself, a module within the network device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device. Modules within the network device can be, for example, software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. Hardware modules in the first communication device specifically include processors, communication modules, or circuits or chips responsible for communication functions. Chips can be, for example, modem chips (also known as baseband chips), or SoC chips or SIP chips containing modem cores. The following example uses a network device as the network device side. Network devices can be, for example, access network devices (such as base stations), centralized units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), or radio units (RUs). Access network devices can include at least one of the following: satellites, gateway stations, or terrestrial base stations.

[0026] The method includes: sending a paging message on a second beam, the second beam being a non-serving beam of a first terminal device; receiving a first message from the first terminal device, the first message being used to respond to the paging message and to request the establishment of a communication link with the second beam; and sending a second message to the first terminal device, the second message indicating the transmission configuration between the second beam and the first terminal device.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the method includes: transmitting a first signal in the second beam, the first signal being used to determine compensation parameters for achieving downlink synchronization between the second beam and the first terminal device.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: transmitting first information on a second beam, the first information indicating a first resource, the first resource being used for transmitting paging messages on the second beam.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the second beam is the beam of a serving satellite of the first terminal device; or, the second beam is the beam of a non-serving satellite of the first terminal device.

[0030] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device. The electronic device includes one or more processors. The one or more processors are capable of executing computer programs or instructions stored in a memory, which, when executed, cause the electronic device to perform the methods described in either the first or second aspect above.

[0031] Optionally, the electronic device may include a memory, in which case the memory may be coupled to one or more processors, or the memory may be configured relatively independently of one or more processors. Alternatively, the memory may exist independently of the electronic device.

[0032] In one possible design, the electronic device may further include interface circuitry, wherein the processor is configured to communicate with other devices or components via the interface circuitry.

[0033] In the specific implementation process, the electronic device can be a chip, and the processor can be a transistor, gate circuit, flip-flop, and various logic circuits, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation method of the processor.

[0034] In one implementation, the electronic device can be a wireless communication device, i.e., a computer device that supports wireless communication functionality. Specifically, the wireless communication device can be a network device such as a wireless access network device (e.g., a base station).

[0035] In another implementation, the electronic device can be a component of a wireless communication device, such as an integrated circuit product like a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or communication chip. A SoC can also be called a System-on-a-Chip (SoC). A communication chip can include a baseband processing chip and a radio frequency (RF) processing chip. A baseband processing chip is sometimes called a modem or baseband chip. An RF processing chip is sometimes called an RF transceiver or RF chip. In physical implementation, some or all of the communication chip can be integrated within the SoC. For example, the baseband processing chip is integrated into the SoC, while the RF processing chip is not integrated. The interface circuit can be the RF processing chip in the wireless communication device, and the processor can be the baseband processing chip in the wireless communication device. The interface circuit can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system. The processor can also be a processing circuit or logic circuit.

[0036] In another implementation, the electronic device can be a chip system, which may consist of chips or include chips and other discrete devices. Chip systems may include, for example, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), system-on-a-chip (SoCs), central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), digital signal processors (DSPs), microcontroller units (MCUs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), or other integrated chips.

[0037] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system. The communication system includes a communication device for performing any of the methods described in the first aspect, and a communication device for performing any of the methods described in the second aspect.

[0038] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a chip system. The chip system includes a processor. Optionally, the chip system may further include an interface (such as a communication interface). The processor can be used to implement the methods discussed in either the first or second aspect above.

[0039] Optionally, the chip system also includes a memory. The memory is used to store computer programs (also referred to as code or instructions). The processor is used to retrieve and run the computer programs from the memory, causing the device on which the chip system is installed to perform the methods described in either the first or second aspect above. Implementation methods for the chip system can be found in the preceding sections on chip systems, and will not be repeated here.

[0040] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement the method described in either the first or second aspect above.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product. When the computer program product is executed, it causes a processor to perform the method described in either the first or second aspect described above. The computer program product includes computer programs and / or instructions, etc.

[0042] Regarding the beneficial effects of any of the technical solutions in the second to seventh aspects mentioned above, please refer to the content of the beneficial effects of the corresponding technical solutions in the first aspect, which will not be listed here again. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a non-terrestrial network applicable to the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another non-terrestrial network structure applicable to the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an interface displayed on a mobile phone;

[0046] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating two scenarios applicable to the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to a call scenario in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the protocol stack of the terminal device and network device to which the embodiments of this application apply;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of one or more resources provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of multiple beams provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of time offset compensation provided for embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of time offset compensation provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of beam reselection provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 14 A schematic diagram illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 15 A schematic diagram illustrating the triggering of establishing a wireless link, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 16 and Figure 17 These are schematic diagrams of two structures of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The solutions provided in this application can be applied to terrestrial networks (TN), non-terrestrial networks (NTN), or converged networks of terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks. The network can be replaced by a system or communication system, etc. Terrestrial networks include, without limitation, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication networks (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks), 5th generation (5G) mobile communication networks (such as New Radio (NR) systems), future communication networks, or other similar communication networks. Non-terrestrial networks include, for example, satellite communication networks. NTN includes networking using equipment such as drones, high altitude platform stations (HAPS), and satellites to provide users (such as terminal devices) with data transmission, voice communication, and other services. The high altitude platform is 8–50 kilometers above the ground.

[0059] The communication networks applicable to the embodiments of this application may include terminal devices and network devices. The term "device" can be replaced by a device, entity, network entity, network element, communication equipment, communication module, node, or communication node, etc., and is not limited thereto. The basic concepts of terminal devices and network devices are introduced below.

[0060] A terminal device is a user-side device with wireless transceiver capabilities. It can also be called a terminal equipment, terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, intelligent transportation, smart cities, or satellite communication, etc. (Assuming a terminal device...)

[0061] Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, mobile stations (MS), subscriber units, cellular phones, smartphones, wireless data cards, personal digital assistant (PDA) computers, tablet computers, wireless modems, handsets, laptop computers, machine-type communication (MTC) terminals, or very small aperture (VSAT) terminals, etc. Terminal devices typically contain communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform corresponding communication functions. They may also contain program instructions for performing these functions. In various embodiments of this application, the device used to implement the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system or a combination of devices or components capable of implementing the functions of the terminal device. This device can be installed in the terminal device. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal device. In the embodiments of this application, the functions of the terminal device can be performed by modules (such as chips) in the terminal device.

[0062] In the embodiments of this application, the device used to implement the function of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself; or it can be a device that can support the terminal device to implement the function, such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or hardware circuit plus software module.

[0063] Network devices include, for example, access network devices (or, referred to as access network equipment / access network elements) and / or core network devices (or, referred to as core network equipment / core network elements).

[0064] The access network device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, used to communicate with the terminal device. The access network device includes, but is not limited to, base stations (BTS, Node B, eNodeB / eNB, or gNodeB / gNB), transmission reception points (TRPs), 3GPP later-evolved base stations, access nodes in wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, satellites, or drones, etc. The TRP can be a device or module located on the network side of the communication system and possessing corresponding communication functions. The TRP typically contains communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform the corresponding communication functions. The TRP can also be configured with program instructions for performing the corresponding communication functions and corresponding program instructions. The base station can be: a macro base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, a small cell, a relay station, etc. Multiple base stations can support networks using the same access technology mentioned above, or they can support networks using different access technologies mentioned above. A base station can contain one or more co-located or non-co-located transmission and reception points. Access network devices can also be wireless controllers, NodeBs, evolved NodeBs (eNBs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs), relay stations, access points, TRPs, transmitting points (TPs), master stations, auxiliary stations, motor slide retainers (MSRs), home base stations, network controllers, access nodes, wireless nodes, access points (APs), transmission nodes, transceiver nodes, baseband units (BBUs), remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), remote radio heads (RRHs), central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), radio units (RUs) (or wireless units), or positioning nodes, etc., in cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenarios. Access network devices can also be servers, wearable devices, or vehicle-mounted devices, etc. For example, the access network device in V2X technology can be an RSU (Remote Service Unit). The following explanation uses a base station as an example to illustrate the access network device. Multiple access network devices in the communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types.Base stations can communicate directly with terminal devices, or they can communicate with terminal devices through relay stations. Terminal devices can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies.

[0065] From a logical functional perspective, access network devices can be divided into at least one of the following: CU, DU, control plane (CP) (i.e., CU-CP), CU user plane (UP) (i.e., CU-UP), or RU. CU and DU can be physically separate or deployed together. For example, CU and DU can be deployed in the same network element, such as a building base band unit (BBU). One CU can connect to one DU, or multiple DUs can share one CU. RU can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as in RRH, AAU, or RRU.

[0066] The CU and DU can be partitioned according to the protocol stack. One possible approach is to deploy the Radio Resource Control (RRC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layers on the CU, and the Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC), and Physical Layer layers on the DU. Other partitioning methods for the CU and DU are not limited here. For example, the CU and DU can also be partitioned according to service type.

[0067] The CU-CP is responsible for control plane functions, mainly including RRC and the PDCP control plane (control, C) (which can be written as PDCP-C). PDCP-C is primarily responsible for at least one of the following: encryption / decryption, integrity protection, or data transmission of control plane data. The CU-UP is responsible for user plane functions, mainly including SDAP and PDCP-U. SDAP is primarily responsible for processing core network data and mapping flows to bearers. PDCP-U is primarily responsible for at least one of the following: encryption / decryption, integrity protection, header compression, sequence number maintenance, or data transmission of the data plane.

[0068] Access network devices can support one or more types of fronthaul interfaces. Different types of fronthaul interfaces correspond to DUs and RUs with different functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is a common public radio interface (CPRI), the DU is configured to implement one or more baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement one or more radio frequency functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is another interface relative to CPRI, the RU can be used to implement some baseband functions for downlink and / or uplink. For example, for downlink, the RU can implement one or more of precoding, beamforming (BF), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and cyclic prefix (CP) addition; for uplink, the RU can also implement one or more of beamforming (BF), fast Fourier transform (FFT), or cyclic prefix removal (CP). In one possible implementation, the interface between the DU and RU can be an enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI). Under the eCPRI architecture, the segmentation method between the DU and RU differs, corresponding to different categories (Cat) of eCPRI, such as eCPRI CatA, B, C, D, E, and F.

[0069] Taking eCPRI Cat A as an example, for downlink transmission, layer mapping is used as the dividing line. DU is configured to implement one or more functions preceding layer mapping, such as coding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation, and one or more functions within layer mapping. Other functions following layer mapping (e.g., resource element (RE) mapping, digital beamforming, or one or more functions within inverse fast Fourier transform or CP addition) can be implemented in RU. For uplink transmission, de-RE mapping is used as the dividing line. DU is configured to implement one or more functions preceding de-mapping, i.e., decoding, rate matching de-matching, descrambling, demodulation, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), channel equalization, and one or more functions within de-RE mapping. Other functions following de-mapping (e.g., digital beamforming or one or more functions within fast Fourier transform / CP removal) are implemented in RU.

[0070] In one possible design, the processing unit in the BBU used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband high (BBH) unit, and the processing unit in the RRU / AAU / RRH used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband low (BBL) unit.

[0071] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open RAN (O-RAN / ORAN) system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0072] The core network device is used to implement at least one of the functions of mobility management, data processing, session management, policy and charging. The names of the devices implementing the core network functions may differ in systems using different access technologies, and this application does not limit this. Taking a 5G system as an example, the core network device includes: access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), or user plane function (UPF), etc.

[0073] In this embodiment, the device used to implement the function of the network device can be the network device itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the network device in implementing the function, such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or hardware circuit plus software module. This device can be installed in the network device or used in conjunction with the network device.

[0074] Network devices and / or terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located. Furthermore, terminal devices and network devices can be hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or software functions running on general-purpose hardware, such as virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or entities that include dedicated or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal devices and network devices.

[0075] For example, network devices include one or more satellites in a satellite communication system. Satellites can be classified into three types according to their orbital altitude, as shown in (1) to (3).

[0076] (1) Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites. The satellite communication system in which GEO satellites reside can be called a GEO satellite communication system or a geostationary orbit satellite system.

[0077] GEO satellites orbit at an altitude of 35,786 km. Their main advantages are that they remain relatively stationary relative to the ground and provide a large coverage area. However, GEO satellite communication also has significant disadvantages: 1) The long distance between GEO satellites and Earth results in high free-space propagation loss, leading to tight communication link budgets and requiring larger-diameter antennas to increase transmit / receive gain; 2) Communication transmission delays are large, reaching around 500 milliseconds (ms) round-trip time, which cannot meet the needs of real-time services; 3) GEO orbital resources are relatively scarce, launch costs are high, and coverage cannot be provided to the polar regions of Earth.

[0078] (2) Medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites. The satellite communication system in which MEO is located can be called the MEO satellite communication system.

[0079] MEO satellites orbit at altitudes ranging from 2000 to 35786 kilometers (km). Their advantage is that they can achieve global coverage with a relatively small number of satellites. However, their orbital altitude is higher than LEO, resulting in longer transmission delays compared to LEO satellite communication. Considering both the advantages and disadvantages of MEO satellite communication, MEO satellites are primarily used for positioning and navigation.

[0080] (3) Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The satellite communication system on which LEO satellites reside can be called the LEO communication system.

[0081] LEO satellites orbit at altitudes ranging from 300 to 2000 km. Compared to MEO and GEO orbits, LEO satellites operate at lower altitudes, offering advantages such as lower data propagation delays, less transmission loss, and relatively lower launch costs. Therefore, LEO satellite communication has gained widespread attention in recent years.

[0082] NTN, represented by satellite communication systems, has advantages such as wide signal coverage, and is therefore gradually being applied to data transmission and / or voice communication scenarios.

[0083] In data transmission scenarios, a network device can send a paging message, which instructs a terminal device to establish a wireless link with the network device. After successfully receiving the paging message, the terminal device responds, thereby establishing a wireless link with the network device. Once the wireless link is established, data transmission can occur between the network device and the terminal device.

[0084] In a call scenario, the network device can send a paging message, which instructs the terminal device to establish a wireless link with the network device, specifically requesting to establish a call. After successfully receiving the paging message, the terminal device responds, thereby establishing a wireless link with the network device. Once the wireless link is established, the network device can send an incoming call notification to the terminal device, allowing the terminal device to display the incoming call interface.

[0085] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an NTN architecture. This NTN can be applied to voice communication scenarios. Figure 1 As shown, this architecture includes terminal devices (such as terminal device #1 and terminal device #2), satellites (such as satellite #1 and satellite #2), gateway stations (such as gateway station #1 and gateway station #2), base stations (such as base station #1 and base station #2), and a core network (CN). Gateway stations can also be called gateways, gateway stations, satellite ground stations, ground stations, or earth stations, etc., and their names are not specifically limited.

[0086] For example, terminal device #2 can initiate a call request to terminal device #1. This call request can be transmitted sequentially through satellite #2, gateway station #2, and base station #2's core network to gateway station #1. Gateway station #1 can page terminal device #1 through base station #1 and satellite #1. After successfully connecting to terminal device #1, terminal device #1 can respond to terminal device #2's call request, thereby establishing a call between them. Communication connections between the terminal device and the satellite, between the satellite and the gateway station, and between the gateway station and the base station are established through the Uu interface. Terminal device #2, the initiating terminal, can be called the calling terminal (mobileoriginal, MO). Terminal device #1, the called terminal, can be called the called terminal (mobile terminal, MT).

[0087] The satellite operates in two modes: transparent mode and regenerative mode. In transparent mode, the satellite functions as a relay. In regenerative mode, the satellite has data processing capabilities.

[0088] In transparent transmission mode, the gateway station has the functions of a base station or some of the functions of a base station, and can be regarded as a base station in this case. In this scenario, the gateway station can be considered an example of a network device. Alternatively, the base station can be deployed separately from the gateway station. In this case, the base station can be considered an example of a network device, or both the base station and the gateway station can be considered an example of a network device. The link from the satellite to the gateway is a feeder link. The links from the satellite to the gateway station and from the gateway station to the base station are feeder links. The link between the satellite and the terminal device is a service link. The base station is, for example, a next-generation node B (gNB). The base station and the CN can communicate via an NG interface (e.g., N2 or N3 interface). In transparent transmission mode, the satellite and gateway can function as a remote radio unit (RRU). Figure 1 The example shown is of deploying gateway stations and base stations separately.

[0089] In regeneration mode, the satellite functions as a base station or partially as one. In this case, the satellite can be considered a base station and may be referred to as such or a satellite base station. Optionally, the satellite may function as a distributed unit (DU) and / or a centralized unit / control unit (CU).

[0090] For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the architecture of an NTN in a regeneration mode. Figure 2 As shown, the gateway station deploys the CU, and the satellite deploys the DU. In this case, the satellite and / or gateway station can be considered as an example of a network device. Figure 2 Other aspects related to the architecture shown can be found in [reference]. Figure 1 The content discussed, such as the content of the terminal device and the content of the core network, can be found in the following references: Figure 1 The contents of the terminal devices and the core network discussed here will not be listed one by one.

[0091] In satellite communication systems, signal loss due to misalignment between the terminal device's attitude angle and the satellite's azimuth angle (or inaccurate alignment of the terminal device with the satellite) or environmental obstructions can lead to low success rates (i.e., low call connection rates) and poor user experience for satellite paging terminals. The terminal device's attitude angle refers to the angle at which it receives and / or transmits signals, such as the angle of its receiving and / or transmitting antennas. The satellite's azimuth angle refers to the direction of the satellite relative to the terminal device, such as azimuth and / or elevation angles.

[0092] For example, when a user places their terminal device in a pocket or in a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environment with physical obstructions, the satellite signal suffers greater penetration loss compared to an unobstructed (LOS) environment, significantly impacting call completion rates. Furthermore, for low-Earth orbit (LEO) constellations, the high speed of satellite movement necessitates frequent beam reselection or switching by the terminal. If beam reselection or switching is not timely, and the terminal is receiving paging messages on the source beam, the received signal quality may not meet the requirements. This, in turn, negatively impacts call completion rates during voice calls.

[0093] To improve the call success rate of terminal devices, satellite communication paging enhancement technology is proposed. A1 and A2 below illustrate two implementation methods of this technology, which will be described in detail below.

[0094] A1. The terminal device explicitly guides or instructs the user through the user interface (UI) to adjust the terminal device's attitude and surrounding environment during communication establishment. This ensures that the terminal device's attitude angle is aligned as closely as possible with the satellite's azimuth angle, improving the success rate of receiving paging messages.

[0095] The terminal device can prompt the user to place the terminal device in an open area with no objects obstructing it, which is equivalent to keeping the terminal device in a LOS environment as much as possible and reducing the impact of signal penetration loss caused by the environment. Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the interface displayed on a mobile phone. Figure 3 Taking a mobile phone as an example, the terminal device is taken as an example. Figure 3 (1) This is a UI element that indicates the phone's usage environment. For example... Figure 3 As shown in Figure (1), the mobile phone can prompt the user through the UI to place the phone in an open area to avoid foreign objects in the line of sight from blocking the signal.

[0096] The terminal device calculates the orientation angle between itself and the satellite, such as azimuth and elevation angles, and guides the user through the UI to adjust to the optimal attitude angle, thereby obtaining better signal link quality. Figure 3 (2) The UI in the middle indicates that the phone is providing satellite orientation prompts. For example... Figure 3 As shown in (2), the mobile phone can prompt the user to turn the phone to the right so that the phone's orientation angle (such as the angle for receiving signals) can be aligned with the direction angle of the satellite.

[0097] Aligning the terminal device's attitude angle with the satellite's orientation angle can improve the success rate of the connection between the terminal device and the satellite. For example... Figure 3As shown in (3), if the mobile phone and satellite are successfully connected, the mobile phone can prompt the user to maintain the current hand position to avoid large deviations.

[0098] This implementation method is applicable to scenarios where terminal devices are directly connected to satellites. It can reduce the impact of environmental obstruction and other losses, and is the main solution for maintaining the network connection and paging reception of terminal devices.

[0099] However, this implementation method has poor applicability. Firstly, it restricts the user's operating environment. This method is suitable for scenarios where the terminal device is directly connected to a satellite, and is generally limited to unobstructed environments like LOS (Local Oriented System). If the terminal device is in an obstructed environment, this method still cannot guarantee successful reception of paging messages. Secondly, this implementation method restricts the user's attitude when using the terminal device. For example, in this method, the user needs to maintain a specified satellite orientation; otherwise, good communication quality cannot be obtained, affecting paging monitoring performance during standby and causing a decrease in call completion rate. For example, in NLOS scenarios or when the user does not operate according to instructions, this method cannot effectively improve the success rate of the terminal device receiving paging messages.

[0100] A2. The satellite sends paging messages to the terminal device through a dedicated enhanced paging channel. This improves the success rate of the terminal device receiving paging messages.

[0101] Dedicated enhanced paging channels can, for example, employ lower code rates, lower-order modulation schemes, or increase receiver demodulation and combining gain of the terminal device through information redundancy, thereby lowering the receiver demodulation threshold of the paging signal and improving the paging reception success rate.

[0102] On the one hand, this implementation method is limited to a small number of proprietary protocol mechanisms. It requires modifying the protocol mechanism to add a dedicated paging channel and is not suitable for existing, widely deployed protocol mechanisms or protocols like 3GPP that only support ordinary paging. In other words, its applicability is poor. On the other hand, this method can only improve the success rate of terminal devices receiving paging messages in scenarios with low penetration loss, such as when the device is in a pocket or near a person. For example, when penetration loss is affected by various factors such as medium, frequency band, direction, and obstruction, it still cannot effectively improve the success rate of terminal devices receiving paging messages in scenarios with high penetration loss.

[0103] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a communication method. In this method, a terminal device can receive paging messages from a non-serving beam. Thus, even if the signal quality of the serving beam is poor, and / or even if the terminal device is in an NLOS scenario, the terminal device can still successfully receive paging messages from the non-serving beam, which improves the success rate of receiving paging messages. This allows the terminal device to remain continuously online, i.e., to maintain continuous communication with network devices (such as satellites). Here, a non-serving beam refers to a beam that the terminal device is not currently camped on. The beam that the terminal device is currently camped on is the serving beam, which can also be called the camped beam (or the currently camped beam) or the source beam.

[0104] The communication method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to scenarios where the terminal device cannot receive paging messages from the serving beam due to environmental obstruction, or cannot receive paging messages due to high-speed movement and inability to reselect the beam in time. The following describes the applicable scenarios of the communication method provided in this application embodiment.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 4 This application provides one scenario. For example, in this scenario, the terminal device is in an urban NLOS environment. In this NLOS environment, the signal of the terminal device's serving beam may be blocked by buildings or other structures in the urban area, so the terminal device may not be able to receive paging message 1 from the serving beam. For example, in a call scenario, paging message 1 is used by the terminal device to establish a wireless link with the network device to facilitate subsequent calls. However, the terminal device can receive paging message 2 from a non-serving beam. The content of paging message 2 can refer to the content of paging message 1, but paging message 1 and paging message 2 are sent to the terminal device from different beams. In this way, the terminal device can continuously maintain communication with the network, that is, the terminal device can remain online.

[0106] The service beam is a beam of the service satellite, such as... Figure 4 Satellite #1 in the context. Optionally, the non-serving beam could be the beam of a non-serving satellite, which could be, for example, a neighboring satellite of a serving satellite, such as... Figure 4 Satellite #2 in the context of satellite #2. Alternatively, a non-serving beam could also be a beam from a serving satellite, such as another beam from satellite #1; this is not limited. A serving satellite is the satellite on which the terminal device is currently hosted. A non-serving satellite is a satellite on which the terminal device is not currently hosted. Optionally, the serving beam and the non-serving beam can belong to the same tracking area code (TAC).

[0107] Please refer to Figure 5This is another scenario provided by the embodiments of this application. For example, in this scenario, the terminal device is in a suburban or valley NLOS environment. In such an NLOS environment, the signal of the terminal device's serving beam may be blocked by suburban buildings or valleys, so the terminal device may not be able to receive paging message 1 from the serving beam. For example, in a call scenario, paging message 1 is used to request the establishment of a wireless link with the terminal device. However, the terminal device can receive paging message 2 from a non-serving beam. The content of paging message 2 can refer to the content of paging message 1. In this way, the terminal device can continuously maintain communication with the network, that is, the terminal device can remain online.

[0108] The service beam is a beam of the service satellite, such as... Figure 5 Satellite #1 in the context. Optionally, the non-serving beam could be the beam of a non-serving satellite, which could be, for example, a neighboring satellite of a serving satellite, such as... Figure 5 Satellite #2 in the context of satellite #2. Alternatively, a non-serving beam could also be a beam from a serving satellite, such as another beam from satellite #1; this is not limited. Optionally, serving and non-serving beams can belong to the same TAC.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture for a call scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system includes terminal devices (such as terminal device #1 and terminal device #2), satellites (such as satellite #1, satellite #2 and satellite #3), gateway stations (such as gateway station #1 and gateway station #2), and a core network.

[0110] In a call scenario, for example, if terminal device #1 needs to receive a call from terminal device #2 while in standby mode, terminal device #2 can send a paging message sequentially through satellite #3, gateway station #2, core network, and gateway station #1. Gateway station #1 can then send a paging message to terminal device #1 through satellite #1 and satellite #2 to notify terminal device #1 to establish a wireless link.

[0111] In a data transmission scenario, for example, when terminal device #1 is in standby mode, if the core network can send a paging message through gateway station #1, gateway station #1 can send a paging message to terminal device #1 through satellite #1 and satellite #2 to notify terminal device #1 to establish a wireless link.

[0112] Optionally, satellite #1's beam includes both serving and non-serving beams, and satellite #2's beam includes only non-serving beams. Satellite #1 can transmit paging messages using both the serving and non-serving beams. Satellite #2 can transmit paging messages using only the non-serving beams. Optionally, the beams of satellite #1 and satellite #2 can both reside in the same TAC. Alternatively, the beams of satellite #1 and satellite #2 may reside in different TACs; this is not limited.

[0113] At least one of the aforementioned satellites, satellite base stations, base stations, CUs, CUs and DUs, or gateway stations can be used as examples of network devices. The following will combine... Figure 7 The protocol architecture of the terminal device and network device is shown, and the protocol architecture of the terminal device and network device is introduced.

[0114] like Figure 7 As shown, both the user plane (CP) protocol architecture of the terminal device and the user plane protocol architecture of the network device include the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and the Physical Layer (PHY). The user plane protocol architecture refers to the suite of protocols used for user data transmission.

[0115] Both the control plane (CP) architecture of terminal devices and network devices include the radio resource control (RRC) layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, and PHY layer. The control plane protocol architecture refers to the suite of protocols used for control signaling transmission.

[0116] The PHY layer belongs to Layer 1 (L1), or L1 can be simply referred to as L1. The SDAP, PDCP, RLC, and MAC layers all belong to Layer 2 (L2), or L2 can be simply referred to as L2, or L2 can be simply referred to as L2, which includes at least one of the SDAP, PDCP, RLC, or MAC layers. The RRC layer belongs to Layer 3, or L3 (L3 can be simply referred to as L3), or L3 can be simply referred to as L3. Optionally, L2 and / or L3 can be called the protocol stack (PS).

[0117] The method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the above figures. Figure 2,as well as Figures 4 to 7 In any of the communication systems shown, but Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,as well as Figures 4 to 7 The communication system shown in any of the embodiments does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0118] The following describes some of the technologies or terms involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0119] 1. A beam can be understood as a spatial filter or spatial parameters. The beam used to transmit signals can be called a transmit beam, transmission beam (Txbeam), spatial domain transmit filter, or spatial transmit parameters (spatial Tx parameters). The transmit beam can also refer to the distribution of signal strength in different directions in space after the signal is transmitted through an antenna. From this perspective, the transmit beam can also be a spatial transmission angle (such as azimuth (also called horizontal angle) or zenith angle (also called elevation angle)) or a range of spatial transmission angles (such as azimuth center angle and offset, azimuth uncertainty, azimuth protection range, zenith center angle and offset, zenith uncertainty, zenith protection range, etc.). Accordingly, the beam used to receive signals can be called a reception beam (Rx beam), a spatial domain receive filter, or spatial receive parameters (spatial Rx parameters). The reception beam can also refer to the signal strength distribution of the wireless signal received from the antenna in different spatial directions. From this perspective, the reception beam can also be a spatial reception angle (such as azimuth, zenith) or a range of spatial reception angles (such as azimuth center angle and offset, azimuth uncertainty, azimuth protection range, zenith center angle and offset, zenith uncertainty, zenith protection range, etc.). In the fifth-generation new radio (NR) protocol, the beam can be a spatial filter. It should be understood that as standards continue to evolve, the possibility of defining other terms with the same or similar meanings as beams in future protocols is not excluded.

[0120] A beam can belong to a cell. In satellite communication systems, a cell can include one or more beams. When a cell includes a beam, the concepts of cell and beam are interchangeable.

[0121] 2. Resources, including frequency domain resources and / or time domain resources. When resources include both frequency and time domain resources, they can also be called time-frequency resources. When resources are used to monitor signals, they can also be called monitoring opportunities, or chances, etc.

[0122] Temporal resources include symbols, slots, mini-slots, partial slots, sub-frames, radio frames (or frames), or sensing slots.

[0123] A time slot can include at least one symbol, such as 14 symbols or 12 symbols. There can be different time slot types, and different time slot types include different numbers of symbols. For example, a mini slot contains less than 7 symbols, 2 symbols, 3 symbols, 4 symbols, etc., while a regular time slot contains 7 symbols or 14 symbols, etc.

[0124] Depending on the subcarrier spacing, the length of each symbol can vary, and therefore the time slot length can also vary. For example, a time slot with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz has a length of 0.5 ms, a time slot with a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz has a length of 0.125 ms, and so on.

[0125] Frequency domain resources include subchannels, bands, carriers, bandwidth parts (BWP), resource blocks (RB), resource pools, subcarriers, or resource elements (REs).

[0126] A subchannel is the smallest unit of frequency domain resources occupied by a physical side-channel shared channel. A subchannel may include one or more resource blocks (RBs). The bandwidth of a wireless communication system in the frequency domain may include multiple RBs. For example, in the various possible bandwidths of an LTE system, the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) may be 6, 15, 25, or 50, etc.

[0127] In the frequency domain, an RB can include several subcarriers. For example, in LTE and NR systems, an RB includes 12 subcarriers, where each subcarrier can be spaced 15kHz apart. Of course, other subcarrier spacings can also be used, such as 3.75kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz or 120kHz subcarrier spacings, which are not limited here.

[0128] Subcarrier or RE refers to the smallest frequency resource unit on a specific symbol in a multicarrier system. In the embodiments of this application, RE can refer to the resource unit of time-frequency resources, such as the smallest time-frequency resource unit. For example, 1 RE occupies 1 symbol in the time domain and 1 subcarrier in the frequency domain, that is, 1 subcarrier within 1 symbol in the time domain is 1 RE.

[0129] 3. Synchronization signal, including synchronization signal (SS), synchronization signal block (SSB), or synchronization signal and PBCH block (SS / PBCH block / SSB). The synchronization signal involved in the embodiments of this application may also be replaced by synchronization signal, synchronization signal block (SSB), or synchronization signal and PBCH block (SS / PBCH block / SSB), etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0130] 4. Downlink synchronization refers to the process by which the terminal device adjusts the transmitted signal based on signal compensation parameters to ensure accurate transmission and / or decoding of signals (such as downlink signals). Synchronization reduces signal delays caused by transmission distance, environment, and other factors, increasing the likelihood that the terminal device will correctly receive and / or decode signals.

[0131] Synchronization includes downlink synchronization and / or uplink synchronization. Downlink synchronization refers to the terminal device adjusting the received downlink signal based on compensation parameters to accurately receive and / or decode the downlink signal. Uplink synchronization refers to the terminal device adjusting the received uplink signal based on compensation parameters used for signal transmission to accurately transmit and / or encode the uplink signal.

[0132] The compensation parameter can also be called the adjustment parameter or parameter, and its name is not limited.

[0133] The compensation parameters used to achieve downlink synchronization can be called downlink compensation parameters. Downlink compensation parameters may include time offset compensation (also known as neighbor cell downlink time offset compensation) and / or frequency offset compensation (also known as neighbor cell downlink frequency offset compensation).

[0134] Time offset compensation indicates the timing difference between neighboring cells and the serving cell. The duration corresponding to time offset compensation can be called timing difference, or neighboring cell timing difference, etc. Frequency offset compensation indicates the frequency deviation between neighboring cells and the serving cell. Frequency offset compensation is used to compensate for the frequency of the received signal, thereby reducing the deviation between the frequency domain of the received signal and the actual frequency of the transmitted signal (such as Doppler shift), and improving the quality of the demodulated signal. The value corresponding to frequency offset compensation can be called the frequency offset value (or frequency offset compensation value). Doppler shift refers to the offset phenomenon between the signal frequency measured by the receiver and the actual frequency transmitted by the transmitter, caused by relative motion between the transmitter and receiver.

[0135] The compensation parameters used to achieve uplink synchronization are called uplink compensation parameters. Uplink compensation parameters may include timing advance (TA), etc. TA is used to adjust the timing of the uplink signal.

[0136] 5. Signal strength refers to the power of a signal, that is, the "quantity" of the signal. Examples of signal strength include Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) or Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP).

[0137] 6. Signal quality refers to the quality of a signal. Signal quality metrics include, for example, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

[0138] In various embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0139] In the embodiments of this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which may include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission by other units or modules via the air interface. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which may include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY by other units or modules via the air interface. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface. It is understood that information may undergo necessary processing, such as encoding and modulation, between the source and destination of the information transmission, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source.

[0140] In the embodiments of this application, "when," "if," and "if" all refer to the device taking corresponding actions under certain objective circumstances, and are not time-limited, nor do they require the device to perform a judgment action, nor do they imply any other limitations. Unless otherwise specified, "if" and "if" can be substituted, and "when" and "in the case of" can be substituted. "When" and "if" / "if" can be substituted.

[0141] The ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of the multiple objects. For example, "first message" and "second message" refer to two pieces of information, and do not indicate that the data volume, content, priority, or importance of these two pieces of information are different. Words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being better or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0142] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the various embodiments of this application, the steps indicated by dashed lines are all optional steps.

[0143] The terminal devices involved in the various embodiments of this application are, for example, terminal equipment, modules within terminal equipment (such as hardware modules, specifically chips, software modules, or combined hardware and software modules), or other equipment or modules capable of implementing the functions of a terminal equipment. Terminal equipment includes, for example, mobile phones, airplanes, personal computers, in-vehicle equipment, or wearable devices. Network devices include, for example, network equipment, modules within network equipment (such as hardware modules, specifically chips, software modules, or combined hardware and software modules), or other equipment or modules capable of implementing the functions of a network equipment. Network equipment includes, for example, at least one of the following: satellite, satellite base station, base station, CU, CU and DU, or gateway station.

[0144] The first terminal device in various embodiments of this application, for example... Figure 1 or Figure 2 The terminal device involved #1, Figure 4 The terminal devices involved Figure 5 The terminal devices involved Figure 6 The terminal device involved #1, or Figure 7 The terminal devices involved, such as the second terminal device Figure 1 or Figure 2 The terminal device involved #2, Figure 4 The terminal devices involved Figure 5 The terminal devices involved Figure 6 The terminal device involved #2, or Figure 7 The terminal devices and network devices involved are, for example, Figure 1 The base station involved is #1. Figure 1 The involved gateway station #1 and / or satellite #1, Figure 2 The relevant gateway station #1 Figure 2 The gateway station #1 and satellite #1 shown are shown. Figure 4 One or more satellites involved Figure 5 One or more satellites involved Figure 6 The involved gateway station #1 and / or satellite #1, or Figure 7 The network devices involved, such as satellite 1, are examples of... Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,as well as Figures 4 to 6 Any one of the satellites, satellite 2 for example is Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,as well as Figures 4 to 6 Any of the satellites in the spectrum, beam 1 or a non-serving beam, for example... Figures 4 to 6 Any of the non-serving beams shown, and beam 2 or the serving beam, for example... Figures 4 to 6 Any of the service beams shown.

[0145] Figure 8 This illustration shows a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application. The following describes... Figure 8The steps involved will be described.

[0146] S801, the first terminal device resides on beam 2. Beam 2 can be an example of a serving beam. Beam 2 can be an example of a first beam, or in other words, beam 2 and the first beam can be interchanged. The first terminal device can interact with the network device, and this will be described using residing on beam 2 as an example. The specific location on which the first terminal device resides is not limited in this embodiment.

[0147] In one possible implementation, the network device transmits signal 1 from the first beam set. This means the network device transmits signal 1 through each beam in the first beam set, or in other words, the network device transmits signal 1 on each beam in the first beam set. In this embodiment, the example is that a first terminal device receives signal 1 from the first beam set (e.g., the first terminal device receives signal 1 from each beam in the first beam set).

[0148] The first beam set includes one or more beams. This application embodiment does not limit the number of beams included in the first beam set. The first beam set includes at least one non-serving beam. At least one non-serving beam may include, for example, N beams, where N is a positive integer, and the value of N is, for example, 1, 2, or 3, etc., without limitation. At least one serving beam may all be beams from serving satellites, may all be beams from non-serving satellites, or may be a combination of serving satellite beams and non-serving satellite beams. For example, at least one non-serving beam includes beam 1. Beam 1 may, for example, be a beam from satellite 1. Satellite 1 may be a serving satellite or a non-serving satellite of the first terminal device, without limitation. The operating mode of satellite 1 may be transparent mode or regeneration mode, without limitation. Beam 1 is a non-serving beam of the first terminal device; in other words, the first terminal device is not currently camped on beam 1. Beam 1 may be an example of a second beam, or beam 1 and the second beam may be interchangeable. Signal 1 of beam 1 can be used as an example of the first signal, or in other words, signal 1 of beam 1 and the first signal can be interchanged.

[0149] Optionally, the first beam set may or may not include a serving beam; this is not limited. A serving beam, for example, is beam 2. The contents of the serving and non-serving beams can be found in the preceding discussion of serving and non-serving beams, and will not be listed here again.

[0150] Optionally, at least one non-serving beam can be a neighboring beam of the serving beam (such as beam 2) of the first terminal device. A neighboring beam can refer to a beam that is located in the same TAC, or a beam that is located in adjacent TACs, or a beam whose projection on the ground is less than or equal to a first distance, or a beam whose projection on the ground is located within a first range of the network device.

[0151] At least one non-serving beam is a neighboring beam of beam 2. For example, any non-serving beam and the serving beam are located in the same TAC, or the TAC where any non-serving beam is located is adjacent to the TAC where the serving beam is located, or the distance between the projection of any non-serving beam on the ground and the projection of the serving beam on the ground is less than or equal to a first distance, or the projections of any non-serving beam on the ground and the projections of the serving beam on the ground are both within a first range of the network device. Alternatively, at least one non-serving beam includes neighboring beams of the serving beam of the first terminal device, as well as neighboring beams of neighboring beams. In other words, at least one non-serving beam includes not only neighboring beams of the serving beam but also other beams. This application does not specifically limit the range or number of beams included in at least one non-serving beam.

[0152] For example, the network device may transmit signal 1 of any beam in the first beam set via broadcast, multicast, or unicast. This application embodiment does not limit the method by which the network device transmits signal 1 of any beam. The content of signal 1 is described below using signal 1 of beam 1 as an example. The content of signals 1 of other beams in the first beam set besides beam 1 can refer to the content of signal 1, and will not be listed individually here.

[0153] Here, signal 1 of beam 1 can be, for example, a synchronization signal, a cell reference signal, or a proprietary signal, and is not specifically limited to. Signal 1 of beam 1 is used to determine the compensation parameters of beam 1. The compensation parameters of beam 1 are used for downlink synchronization of beam 1, specifically, the compensation parameters of beam 1 are used to achieve downlink synchronization between the first terminal device and beam 1. For example, the compensation parameters of beam 1 are used to achieve time-frequency synchronization between the first terminal device and beam 1.

[0154] For example, the first terminal device can determine the compensation parameters of beam 1 based on the signal 1 of beam 1, so that the first terminal device can achieve downlink synchronization of beam 1 based on the compensation parameters of beam 1. Since the compensation parameters of beam 1 are used to achieve downlink synchronization, the compensation parameters of beam 1 here are the downlink compensation parameters of beam 1. The following describes the method by which the first terminal device determines the compensation parameters of beam 1 based on the signal 1 of beam 1 in conjunction with method W1 or W2.

[0155] In the first method W1, the first terminal device can measure the signal 1 of beam 1 to determine the compensation parameters of beam 1.

[0156] If the compensation parameters include time offset compensation, then the first terminal device can determine the time offset compensation value based on the time of receiving signal 1 of beam 1, the time of transmitting signal 1 of beam 1 by the network device, and the distance between the network device and the first terminal device.

[0157] If the compensation parameters include frequency offset compensation, then the first terminal device can determine the frequency offset compensation based on the propagation direction of signal 1 of beam 1 and the carrier frequency corresponding to signal 1 of beam 1. The propagation direction of signal 1 of beam 1 can be represented, for example, by the departure angle and / or arrival angle of signal 1 of beam 1. A formula for calculating frequency offset compensation can be found in the following formula (1).

[0158]

[0159] Among them, f d For frequency offset compensation, v is the speed of the first terminal device relative to the network device, and f is the value. c Let θ be the carrier frequency, θ be the angle between the first terminal device and the propagation direction of signal 1 of beam 1, and c be the speed of light.

[0160] There are several other ways for the first terminal device to measure compensation parameters, and no specific limitation will be made here.

[0161] In the second method, signal 1 of beam 1 indicates the compensation parameters of beam 1. The first terminal device receives signal 1 of beam 1 to determine the compensation parameters of beam 11.

[0162] For example, the network device can determine compensation parameters. The content of the network device determining the compensation parameters of beam 1 can refer to the content of the first terminal device determining the compensation parameters of beam 1 under the first method A1 mentioned above, and will not be listed one by one here. The network device can indicate the compensation parameters of beam 1 through signal 1 of beam 1, and the first terminal device receives signal 1 of beam 1 to determine the compensation parameters of beam 1.

[0163] Similarly, the first terminal device can obtain the compensation parameters of any beam in the first beam set based on signal 1 of the first beam set. The content of the first terminal device determining the compensation parameters of other beams in the first beam set besides beam 1 can refer to the content of determining the compensation parameters of beam 1, and will not be listed one by one here.

[0164] In one possible implementation, the first terminal device can receive signal 1 of beam 1 through a blind search method. For example, the first terminal device can collect signals over a period of time and perform energy detection on the signals to obtain signal 1. The first terminal device can receive signal 1 of beam 1 during the network search phase. Alternatively, if the network device uses multicast or unicast, the first terminal device can receive signal 1 of beam 1. This application embodiment does not limit the method by which the first terminal device receives signal 1 of beam 1.

[0165] Optionally, the first terminal device can measure the signal 1 of at least one non-serving beam in real time to obtain compensation parameters for at least one non-serving beam. Alternatively, the first terminal device can monitor the signal 1 of at least one non-serving beam if condition 1 is met. Optionally, condition 1 includes at least one of the following conditions B1 to B4, which are described below.

[0166] Condition B1: The measurement period is reached (or satisfied). The measurement period is used to measure the compensation parameters of at least one non-serving beam.

[0167] For example, the first terminal device periodically measures the compensation parameters of the non-serving beam, and when the measurement period is reached, the first terminal device receives beam 1 of signal 1.

[0168] Condition B2, neighboring cell beam variation.

[0169] For example, a neighboring cell beam change is determined when the distance between the first terminal device and the network device changes beyond a first threshold. Alternatively, the first terminal device can determine the neighboring cell beam change based on an instruction from the network device. Or, the first terminal device can determine the neighboring cell beam change based on a neighboring cell list.

[0170] For example, the first terminal device may maintain a neighboring cell list. The neighboring cell list indicates at least one neighboring cell beam of the serving beam (such as beam 2) of the first terminal device. For example, the neighboring cell list includes the identifiers of at least one neighboring cell beam of beam 2. Thus, the first terminal device detects changes in the neighboring cell beam indicated by the neighboring cell list.

[0171] Optionally, the neighbor cell list also indicates the signal quality and / or signal strength of at least one neighbor cell beam of the first terminal device. For example, the neighbor cell list also includes the signal strength and / or signal quality of at least one neighbor cell beam.

[0172] Optionally, at least one neighboring cell beam includes all neighboring cell beams of the serving beam of the first terminal device, or includes the neighboring cell beam that satisfies condition 2 among all the neighboring cell beams of the serving beam of the first terminal device.

[0173] Optionally, condition 2 may include at least one of the following: the signal strength of the neighboring cell beam is greater than threshold 1; the signal quality of the neighboring cell beam is greater than threshold 2; the signal strength of the neighboring cell beam is among the top K in descending order of signal strength of all neighboring cell beams; or the signal quality of the neighboring cell beam is among the top K in descending order of signal quality of all neighboring cell beams. K is a positive integer. The value of K may be pre-stored in the first terminal device, indicated by the network device, or predefined by the protocol, and is not limited thereto. The value of K may be, for example, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and is not limited thereto. The value of K may be equal to, less than, or greater than the value of N mentioned above, and is not limited thereto. Threshold 1 and / or threshold 2 may be pre-stored in the first terminal device, determined by the first terminal device itself, predefined by the protocol, or indicated by the network device, and is not limited thereto.

[0174] Condition B3: Switch service beam.

[0175] If the first terminal device switches the serving beam, it means that the neighboring beam corresponding to the serving beam is likely to change. Therefore, the first terminal device can receive at least one signal 1 from a non-serving beam.

[0176] Under any of the conditions B1 to B3, the first terminal device can periodically monitor at least one non-service beam without having to measure the non-service beam in real time, thereby reducing the frequency of measuring the non-service beam and lowering the energy consumption of the first terminal device.

[0177] Condition B4: The signal strength of the serving beam (e.g., beam 2) is less than or equal to threshold 3, and / or the signal quality of the serving beam is less than or equal to threshold 4.

[0178] When the signal strength and / or signal quality of the serving beam is low, it indicates that the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages from the serving beam may be low. Therefore, the first terminal device can measure the non-serving beam to prepare for receiving subsequent paging messages, which is beneficial to improving the success rate of receiving subsequent paging messages.

[0179] Threshold 3 and / or threshold 4 may be pre-stored in the first terminal device or determined by the first terminal device itself, and there is no limitation thereto. Optionally, threshold 3 and / or threshold 4 may be related to the capabilities of the first terminal device, such as its demodulation capability. For example, threshold 3 may be the minimum signal strength that the first terminal device can demodulate, and threshold 4 may be the minimum signal quality that the first terminal device can demodulate. Threshold 3 may be an example of a third threshold, or in other words, threshold 3 and the third threshold may be interchangeable. Threshold 4 may be an example of a fourth threshold, or in other words, threshold 4 and the fourth threshold may be interchangeable.

[0180] Optionally, threshold 1 can be greater than threshold 3, and / or threshold 2 can be greater than threshold 4.

[0181] Optionally, condition 1 may include at least two of conditions from B1 to B4, without limitation.

[0182] For example, condition 1 includes conditions B2 and B3, namely, when switching the serving beam and detecting changes in the neighboring cell beam, the first terminal device receives signal 1 from at least one non-serving beam.

[0183] Alternatively, condition 1 includes conditions B1 and B4, namely, when the signal strength of the serving beam is less than or equal to threshold 3, and / or the signal quality of the serving beam is less than or equal to threshold 4, and the measurement period is reached, the first terminal device receives signal 1 from at least one non-serving beam.

[0184] Alternatively, condition 1 includes conditions B2 and B4, namely, when the neighboring cell beam changes, and the signal strength of the serving beam is less than or equal to threshold 3, and / or the signal quality of the serving beam is less than or equal to threshold 4, the first terminal device receives signal 1 from at least one non-serving beam.

[0185] There can be multiple conditions 1, which will not be listed here.

[0186] In addition to obtaining the compensation parameters of the first beam set based on the signal 1 of the first beam set, the first terminal device may optionally also determine the signal strength and / or signal quality of the first beam set based on the signal 1 of the first beam set. For example, the first terminal device may determine the signal strength and / or signal quality of beam 1 based on the signal 1 of beam 1.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the network device transmits information 1 from the first beam set. This means the network device transmits information 1 through each beam in the first beam set, or in other words, the network device transmits information 1 on each beam in the first beam set; that is, each beam in the first beam set can transmit information 1. In this embodiment, the example is a first terminal device receiving information 1 from the first beam set (e.g., the first terminal device receiving information 1 from each beam in the first beam set).

[0188] The following description uses the example of the network device sending information 1 of beam 1 and the first terminal device receiving information 1 of beam 1. Information 1 of beam 1 can be used as an example of the first information, or information 1 of beam 1 can be interchanged with the first information.

[0189] The method by which the network device transmits information 1 of beam 1 can be referenced from the content of signal 1 of beam 1 transmitted by the network device, and will not be listed here. The first terminal device may, for example, receive information 1 of beam 1 through blind detection. Alternatively, the first terminal device may receive information 1 of beam 1 on resource 1, without limitation. Resource 1 may be predefined by the protocol, or it may be carried in signal 1, without limitation.

[0190] Information 1 may indicate one or more resources, or one or more opportunities, for beam 1 to transmit signals. These one or more resources refer to resources used for downlink transmission by beam 1. One or more resources include resource 2. Resource 2 may be an example of the first resource, or resource 2 and the first resource may be interchangeable. These one or more resources may be periodically or aperiodically distributed, without limitation. Optionally, information 1 may include an index (or identifier) ​​of one or more resources.

[0191] Figure 9 This indicates one or more resources as indicated by information 1. For example... Figure 9 As shown, information 1 can indicate resources #1 to #3. Thus, if the first terminal device subsequently needs to receive the signal from beam 1, it can receive it from any of the resources #1 to #3.

[0192] Optionally, information 1 can be carried in system information (SI), such as in the master information block (MIB) or system information block (SIB), specifically in SIB1. In this way, the first terminal device can clearly determine on which resources the network device will send signals.

[0193] The first terminal device can monitor information 1 of the first beam set in real time, or monitor information 1 of the first beam set when condition 3 is met. Condition 3 may include at least one of C1 to C6 below, which will be described below.

[0194] C1. The signal strength of the serving beam (such as beam 2) is less than or equal to threshold 3.

[0195] C2. The signal quality of the serving beam (such as beam 2) is less than or equal to the threshold 4.

[0196] If condition 3 includes the above conditions C1 / or C2, it means that the signal quality and / or signal strength of beam 2 is poor. Therefore, the first terminal device is less likely to successfully receive the paging message from beam 2. Thus, the first terminal device receives information 1 from the first beam set in order to prepare for receiving the paging message from the non-serving beam later.

[0197] C3. The signal strength of beam 1 is greater than threshold 1. The signal strength of beam 1 can be, for example, measured by the first terminal device based on signal 1. Threshold 1 can be an example of the first threshold, or threshold 1 and the first threshold can be interchanged.

[0198] C4. The signal quality of beam 1 is greater than threshold 2. The signal quality of beam 1 can be, for example, measured by the first terminal device based on signal 1. Threshold 2 can be an example of a second threshold, or threshold 2 and the second threshold can be interchanged.

[0199] C5, the signal strength of beam 1 is the beam with the highest signal strength among at least one non-serving beam.

[0200] C6. The signal quality of beam 1 is the highest among at least one non-serving beams.

[0201] If condition 3 includes at least one of conditions C3 to C6 above, it indicates that the signal quality and / or signal strength of the network device is better, and the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages from beam 1 is higher. Therefore, information 1 can be received to prepare for receiving paging messages from beam 1 in the future.

[0202] S802, the network device sends a paging message for the second beam set. This means the network device sends the paging message through each beam in the second beam set, or in other words, the network device sends the paging message on each beam in the second beam set. The second beam set includes one or more beams, and the number of beams it includes is not limited.

[0203] The following mainly uses the second beam set, which includes beam 1 and the paging message of beam 1, as an example. The content of the paging message of beam 1 in the second beam set can be referred to the content of the paging message of beam 1, and will not be listed one by one here.

[0204] The paging message of beam 1 is used to page the first terminal device to request the establishment of a radio link (or communication, or connection) with the first terminal device, specifically such as establishing a call with the first terminal device. Optionally, the paging message of beam 1 can indicate the identifier of the paged terminal device (i.e., the first terminal device). The identifier of the first terminal device may be, for example, a globally unique temporary UE identity (GUTI), a temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI), or an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).

[0205] Optionally, the paging message of beam 1 can also indicate the paging reason. Examples of paging reasons include paging triggered by a system message change, providing communication services in emergency situations (such as paging triggered by an earthquake or tsunami warning), or answering an incoming call. Alternatively, the paging message of beam 1 may not carry a paging reason. After receiving the paging message from beam 1, the first terminal device initiates the establishment of a communication link and further determines the paging reason and the type of service to be responded to through signaling interaction.

[0206] There are several ways for a network device to determine the second beam set. The following examples illustrate this using any of the implementations shown in D1 to D4. The beams included in the second beam set can be referred to as the target beam range.

[0207] In the first embodiment D1, the network device can determine a second beam set for sending paging messages from a first beam set, and send the paging message through the second beam set. The second beam set can be all the beams in the first beam set, or only some of the beams, and is not limited thereto. For example, the second beam set can be the beams of neighboring cell beams that are serving beams in the first beam set.

[0208] In the above-described implementation D1, since the first terminal device obtains the compensation parameters and resources of the beams in the first beam set, the second beam set belongs to the first beam set, thereby improving the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages from any beam in the second beam set.

[0209] In the first implementation method D2, the network device can determine the beams in the TAC (such as TAC1) where the service beam (such as beam 2) of the first terminal device is located as the second beam set.

[0210] A network device can divide a physical area into multiple TACs, and each TAC includes at least one beam. The network device can define the beams within TAC1, where beam 2 is located, as a second beam set. The network device can send paging messages through this second beam set. In this embodiment, the second beam set includes beam 1 as an example.

[0211] For example, Figure 10 The beam is shown. Figure 10 In this embodiment, the network device is designated as gateway station #1, the first terminal device is a mobile phone, the serving satellite of the first terminal device is satellite #2, the serving beam of the first terminal device is beam #2, and the neighboring beams of beam #2 include beam #1 and beam #3. Beam #1 and beam #2 belong to TAC #1, and beam #3 belongs to TAC #2. In the first implementation D1, the network device can determine the beams within TAC #1 as the second beam set, that is, the second beam set includes beam #1 and beam #2.

[0212] In implementation D2, the second beam set includes beams located in the same TAC as the serving beam. The first terminal device is more likely to be closer to these beams than to beams in other TACs. Therefore, selecting beams in the TAC as the second beam set can improve the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages from any beam in the second beam set.

[0213] In the third implementation method D3, the network device can determine the TAC1 where the service beam (such as beam 2) of the first terminal device is located, and the beams in the adjacent TACs of TAC1 as the second beam set.

[0214] For example, when the first terminal device is located in the edge area of ​​TAC1, sending paging messages through the beams of TAC1 and adjacent TACs of TAC1, and sending paging messages through more beams, helps to increase the probability that the first terminal device will successfully receive the paging message.

[0215] Continue to refer to Figure 10 In the second implementation D3, the network device can determine the beams in TAC#1 and the beams in TAC#2 as a second beam set, that is, the second beam set includes beam #1, beam #2 and beam #3.

[0216] In the fourth implementation method D4, the network device can use the location of the first terminal device as a reference point to determine region 1, and determine the beams whose signals can cover region 1 as the second beam set. The center of region 1 is, for example, the location of the first terminal device, and the shape of region 1 can be circular, elliptical, or rectangular, etc., without limitation.

[0217] After the network device determines the second beam set, all of these second beam sets can send paging messages, or in other words, the network device can send paging messages through these second beam sets.

[0218] S803, The first terminal device receives the paging message from beam 1.

[0219] The first terminal device can receive the paging message from beam 1 in any of the cases shown in G1 to G4 below, which will be described in detail below.

[0220] In the first possible scenario G1, if the first terminal device receives signal 1 and information 1 of beam 1, then the first terminal device can receive paging messages of beam 1 based on the compensation parameters and resources 2 of beam 1.

[0221] The following describes several implementation methods for the first terminal device to receive paging messages from beam 1 in the fourth possible scenario, in conjunction with F1 to F4.

[0222] In the first possible implementation F1, each beam in the second beam set can send paging messages, and the first terminal device can attempt to receive paging messages sent by all beams in the second beam set. In this way, the first terminal device can receive paging messages from some or all beams in the second beam set, increasing the probability of successfully receiving paging messages, thus improving the call completion rate. In this implementation, the first terminal device does not need to determine which beams in the second beam set to receive paging messages from, but can directly receive paging messages from the second beam set, which helps reduce the processing load of the first terminal device.

[0223] The following example illustrates the process of receiving a paging message from beam 1 using the first terminal device as an example. For instance, the first terminal device can receive the paging message from beam 1 based on compensation parameters and resource 1.

[0224] For example, the first terminal device can compensate the resources (such as resource 2) indicated by information 1 of beam 1 based on the compensation parameters of beam 1 in order to receive the paging message of beam 1.

[0225] Optionally, since the first terminal device is not camped on beam 1 but on beam 2, the first terminal device can achieve downlink synchronization with beam 1 based on the compensation parameters of beam 1 in order to receive paging messages.

[0226] Please refer to Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of time offset compensation provided in an embodiment of this application. The first terminal device includes a modem. Since the serving beam of the first terminal device is beam 2, when interacting with beam 2, the modem transmits and receives signals based on the compensation parameters of beam 2. When the first terminal device receives a paging message from beam 1, the first terminal device can perform compensation based on the compensation parameters of beam 1. For example, the first terminal device can perform compensation based on the compensation parameters of beam 1 through software algorithms to achieve downlink synchronization of beam 1, but without changing the compensation parameters of beam 2 in the modem.

[0227] For example, if the compensation parameters include time offset compensation, then the first terminal device can compensate for the time of receiving paging messages from beam 1 based on the timing difference, so as to improve the success rate of receiving paging messages from beam 1.

[0228] Figure 12 This illustrates an example of a first terminal device performing time offset compensation. For example... Figure 12As shown in (1), the start time for beam 1 to send a message is t1, and the start time for beam 2 to send a paging message is t2. Time t2 is later than time t1. Therefore, the first terminal device can receive the paging message of beam 1 in advance based on the time difference, so as to start receiving the paging message of beam 1 as early as possible at time t1. Figure 12 As shown in (2), the start time for beam 1 to send a message is t1, and the start time for beam 2 to send a paging message is t2. Since time t2 is earlier than time t1, the first terminal device can receive the paging message of beam 1 later in time difference so as to start receiving the paging message of beam 1 as early as possible at time t1.

[0229] For example, if the compensation parameters include frequency offset compensation, then the first terminal device can compensate for the frequency of the paging message received from beam 1 based on the frequency offset, thereby improving the success rate of receiving the paging message from beam 1.

[0230] In the second possible implementation F2, if the first terminal device determines that beam 2 satisfies condition 4, it receives the paging message of beam 1 based on the compensation parameters and resource 1. The content of the paging message of beam 1 received based on the compensation parameters and resource 1 can be referred to the content of the paging message of beam 1 received above, and will not be listed here again.

[0231] Condition 4 may include, for example, that the signal strength of beam 2 is less than or equal to threshold 3, and / or the signal quality of beam 2 is less than or equal to threshold 4. In this case, it indicates that the signal strength and / or signal quality of beam 2 is poor, therefore the first terminal device can receive paging messages from beam 1, increasing the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages. In this way, in addition to increasing the probability of the first terminal device successfully receiving paging messages, if beam 2 satisfies condition 4, it means that the success rate of receiving paging messages from beam 2 is higher, therefore the first terminal device does not need to receive paging messages from beam 1, which helps reduce the overhead of the first terminal device receiving paging messages. Condition 4 can be an example of the second condition, or condition 4 and the second condition can be interchanged.

[0232] In the third possible implementation F3, if the first terminal device determines that beam 1 satisfies condition 5, it receives the paging message of beam 1 based on the compensation parameters and resource 1. Condition 5 can be an example of the first condition, or condition 5 and the first condition can be interchanged.

[0233] Condition 5 includes, for example, at least one of C3 to C6 above, i.e., condition 4 includes at least one of the following: the signal strength of beam 1 is greater than threshold 1, the signal quality of beam 1 is greater than threshold 2, the signal strength of beam 1 is the beam with the largest signal strength among at least one non-serving beam, or the signal quality of beam 1 is the beam with the largest signal quality among at least one non-serving beam.

[0234] When beam 1 meets condition 5, it indicates that the signal quality and / or signal strength of beam 1 is good, and the first terminal device receives paging messages from beam 1, which helps to improve the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages.

[0235] In the fourth possible implementation F4, if the first terminal device determines that beam 2 satisfies condition 4 and beam 1 satisfies condition 5, the first terminal device can receive the paging message of beam 1 based on the compensation parameters and resource 1.

[0236] In this implementation method F4, the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages can be guaranteed, and the overhead of the first terminal device receiving paging messages can be saved.

[0237] In one possible implementation, beam 2 can send a paging message. The first terminal device can attempt to receive the paging message from beam 2. Beam 2 can send a paging message even if condition 4 is met or not.

[0238] In one possible implementation, if the first terminal device still fails to receive a paging message from beam 1, it will not send a paging response message to the network device. Therefore, if the network device does not receive a paging response message within a specified time period (1), it can send paging messages through more beams. For example, in addition to sending paging messages to the second beam set, the network device can send paging messages to even more beams. This effectively expands the paging beam range, increasing the success rate of the first terminal device receiving paging messages.

[0239] A duration of 1, for example, is the start time from when the network device sends a paging message; that is, if the network device does not receive a paging response message within 1 time after sending the paging message, then the network device can send paging messages using more beams. For instance, after sending a paging message, the network device can start a timer with a duration of 1. If the timer expires and the network device has not received a paging response message, then the network device can send paging messages using more beams. The timer can be a software timer, a hardware timer, or a combination of both, etc., and there is no limitation on this.

[0240] In the second possible scenario G2, if the first terminal device does not receive signal 1 and information 1 from beam 1, then the first terminal device can perform a blind search to receive the paging message from beam 1. In this case, the first terminal device does not need to acquire the resources 2 and compensation parameters of beam 1, which can reduce resource overhead and the processing load of the first terminal device.

[0241] In the third possible scenario G3, if the first terminal device receives signal 1 from beam 1, then the first terminal device can achieve downlink synchronization with beam 1 based on the compensation parameters of beam 1 to receive paging messages from beam 1. In this case, the first terminal device can perform downlink synchronization with beam 1 to improve the success rate of receiving paging messages. The details of achieving downlink synchronization can be found in the discussion of downlink synchronization in the first possible scenario G1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0242] The fourth possible scenario, G4, is that if the first terminal device receives information 1 from beam 1, then the first terminal device can receive the paging message based on resource 2. In this case, the first terminal device can reach a consensus with beam 1 on the resources for transmitting the paging message, thereby improving the success rate of receiving the paging message from beam 1.

[0243] In one possible implementation, after receiving the paging message from beam 1, the first terminal device determines to perform beam reselection. Alternatively, the first terminal device determines to perform beam reselection if condition 6 is met.

[0244] Condition 6 can include one of the following, which will be illustrated with examples from P1 to P3 below.

[0245] The signal quality of P1 and beam 2 is less than or equal to threshold 5. Optionally, threshold 5 can be determined by the terminal device itself or configured by the network device. Optionally, the network device can configure a threshold of the S-criterion to the terminal device, where threshold 5 can be less than threshold 7 in the S-criterion. Threshold 7 is, for example, 0.

[0246] The S-criteria is used to determine whether a cell meets the basic signal quality requirements for camping. For example, one way to express the S-criteria is: Received signal level Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin. If the serving cell's Srxlev is less than or equal to the threshold 7, it means the serving cell does not meet the basic signal quality requirements for camping. Alternatively, if the serving cell's Srxlev is greater than the threshold 7, it means the serving cell meets the basic signal quality requirements for camping. Here, Qrxlevmeas represents the average signal quality of the serving cell, and Qrxlevmin represents the minimum signal quality of the serving cell. Of course, there are other ways to express the S-criteria, and this is not limited to one.

[0247] P2, a beam whose signal quality is greater than that of beam 2 within duration 2 (e.g., the signal quality of beam 1 is greater than that of beam 2). Duration 2 is, for example, less than or equal to the treselection timer duration in the R criterion. Duration 2 can be an example of the first duration, or duration 2 can be interchanged with the first duration. The non-serving beam is, for example, a neighboring beam of a serving beam.

[0248] The R-criterion is used to quantify and rank cells that meet the S-criterion, selecting the optimal cell for stationing. One representation of the R-criterion is: Serving Cell R-value (Rs) Rs = Qmeas,s + Qhysts. Where Qmeas,s is the serving cell's RSRP measurement, Qhysts is the hysteresis value, and the neighboring cell R-value (Rn) is: Rn = Qmeas,n - Qoffsets,n. Where Qmeas,n is the neighboring cell's RSRP measurement, and Qoffsets,n is the offset between the serving cell and the neighboring cell. Qhysts and Qoffsets,n can be configured by the network device or the protocol, and are not limited thereto. Of course, there are other ways to represent the R-criterion, and these are not limited thereto.

[0249] P3, the signal quality of beam 2 is less than or equal to threshold 5, and the signal quality of a non-serving beam is greater than the signal quality of beam 2 within duration 2.

[0250] Optionally, threshold 5 may be greater than or equal to threshold 4, but this is not limited.

[0251] The signal strength and / or signal quality of beam 2 involved in condition 6 can be measured previously by the first terminal device, for example, by the first terminal device in determining whether conditions 4 and / or 5 are met. Alternatively, the signal strength and / or signal quality of beam 2 involved in condition 6 can be measured again by the first terminal device. In this way, random errors in previous measurements of the signal strength and / or signal quality of beam 2 can be reduced.

[0252] The first terminal device can perform beam reselection to determine a target beam, which is the beam to which the first terminal device will switch. For example, the first terminal device can determine that the target beam is the beam with the highest signal quality and / or signal strength among multiple beams, or determine that the target beam is beam 1. The signal quality and / or signal strength of the multiple beams involved here can be measured previously by the first terminal device, such as when determining whether condition 6 is met, or when determining whether conditions 4 and / or 5 are met. Alternatively, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the multiple beams involved here can also be remeasured by the first terminal device, and this is not limited.

[0253] Optionally, the target beam may be beam 1, or it may be any beam other than beam 1 and beam 2; there is no limitation on this. After the first terminal device performs beam reselection, a wireless link can be established with the target beam.

[0254] Figure 13 This illustrates an example of a beam reselection and radio link establishment process. The following section combines... Figure 13 The process of beam reselection and establishing a wireless link for the first terminal device is introduced.

[0255] S1301, The first terminal device determines to perform beam reselection.

[0256] For example, the PHY, L2, and / or L3 in the first terminal device determine that beam reselection is to be performed. The details of determining beam reselection are the same as those discussed earlier and will not be repeated here. The first terminal device can also determine a target beam; the details of determining the target beam are the same as those discussed earlier and will not be listed here.

[0257] S1302, the first terminal device sends message 3 to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives message 3 from the first terminal device. Message 3 may also be called a paging response, a radio link establishment request, or a radio link establishment request message, etc., and its name is not limited. Message 3 may be an example of the first message, or message 3 and the first message may be interchangeable.

[0258] Figure 13 The network devices involved are those corresponding to the target beam, including at least one of the following: the satellite to which the target beam belongs, a gateway station communicating with the satellite to which the target beam belongs, or an access network device; however, this is not limited. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 10 In the example shown, if the target beam is beam #3, then the network device includes satellite #3 and / or gateway station #1.

[0259] Optionally, the first terminal device may sequentially send message 3 to the network device via L2 and / or L3, and the PHY. Message 3 is used to respond to a paging message, such as a paging message from beam 1. For example, S1302 may include S1302a and S1302b. S1302a sends message 3 to the PHY via L2 and / or L3. S1302b sends message 3 to the network device via the PHY.

[0260] Message 3 is used to request the establishment of a wireless link (or communication link, or wireless communication link). Optionally, message 3 may be called an RRC setup request, for example. Message 3 indicates the identifier of the first terminal device. Optionally, message 3 may also indicate the capabilities of the first terminal device and / or the reason for establishing the wireless link. Optionally, the capabilities of the first terminal device include at least one of the following: radio access technology (RAT), band support, duplex mode, or modulation scheme supported by the first terminal device.

[0261] Wireless access technologies include, for example, support for 4G LTE and / or 5G NR. Frequency band support includes, for example, support for 5G NR bands and / or LTE bands. Duplex modes include, for example, frequency division duplexing (FDD), time division duplexing (TDD), or half-duplex. Modulation methods include, for example, quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and / or 64QAM. Reasons for establishing a communication link include, for example, establishing a call, requesting communication services in an emergency, or the reason for a call from the calling terminal. Reasons for a call from the calling terminal include, for example, an emergency call, high-priority access, called party access, calling signaling, or calling data, at least one of these. Called party access is mainly triggered when the first terminal device responds to a network paging request; for example, called party access can be applied to called terminal call scenarios.

[0262] S1303, the network device sends message 4 to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives message 4 from the network device. Message 4 may also be referred to as a communication link or wireless link establishment response, or a communication link or wireless link establishment response message. Message 4 may be an example of a second message, or message 4 and the second message may be interchangeable.

[0263] Message 4 is used in response to message 3. The network device can verify the identity of the first terminal device based on message 3. For example, it can determine whether the identity of the first terminal device is legitimate based on the identifier of the first terminal device indicated by message 3. If the identity of the first terminal device is legitimate, then it is determined that the first terminal device is allowed to access (or camp). Message 4 can indicate a transmission configuration. This transmission configuration is used for transmission between the target beam and the first terminal device. For example, the transmission configuration indicates the radio resources for establishing a radio link, specifically at least one of uplink physical channel resource configuration, downlink physical channel resource configuration, RLC layer configuration parameters, or MAC layer configuration parameters.

[0264] Optionally, the first terminal device may receive message 4 from the network device sequentially through the PHY, and L2 and / or L3. For example, S1303 may include S1303a and S1303b. S1303a is the network device sending message 4 to the PHY. S1303b is the PHY sending message 4 to L2 and / or L3.

[0265] S1304, the first terminal device sends message 5 to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives message 5 from the first terminal device. Message 5 indicates that the wireless link has been established.

[0266] Optionally, the first terminal device may sequentially send message 5 to the network device via L2 and / or L3, and the PHY. For example, S1304 may include S1304a and S1304b. S1304a sends message 5 to the PHY via L2 and / or L3. S1304b sends message 5 to the network device via the PHY.

[0267] S1301 to S1304 can serve as an example of the process by which the first terminal device determines beam reselection and establishes a wireless link.

[0268] After S1304, the first terminal device and the network device establish a wireless link. Subsequently, the first terminal device can conduct calls or transmit communications through the network device. For example, if beam 1 sends a paging message requesting a call, the first terminal device can then establish a call with the second terminal device through the network device. For instance, beam 1 can send a message requesting a call, such as message 6, to the first terminal device. After receiving message 6, the first terminal device can establish a call with the second terminal device. The first terminal device can send message 7 to the target beam. Message 7 is used in response to message 6, enabling a call between the first and second terminal devices. Message 6 can be an example of a third message, or message 6 and the third message can be interchanged. Message 7 can be an example of a fourth message, or message 7 and the fourth message can be interchanged. Alternatively, if beam 1 sends a paging message requesting communication, the first terminal device can then communicate through the network device, such as transmitting data.

[0269] exist Figure 13 In the illustrated implementation, when the first terminal device receives a paging message from a neighboring cell beam, it performs a beam reselection evaluation. If the signal strength and / or signal quality of the serving beam does not meet the access link quality requirements, it reselects to the target beam and performs the access and wireless link establishment process on the target beam, which helps to improve the success rate of paging response.

[0270] The solution provided in this application embodiment can also improve call completion rate in high penetration loss scenarios such as NLOS by receiving paging messages from neighboring cell beams, without requiring modification of the protocol mechanism or the addition of a dedicated paging channel, thus reducing implementation cost and difficulty.

[0271] The following is based on Figure 5 Taking the communication system shown as an example, with the first terminal device as the example... Figure 5 The terminal device involved, #1, is the second terminal device, #2, and one or more beams, including serving beams and non-serving beams, are used as examples. Figure 7 Examples of the communication methods involved will be provided. Figure 14 A flowchart of the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application is shown below. Figure 14 The steps involved will be described.

[0272] S1401, Terminal device #2 and Terminal device #1 register and access.

[0273] S1402. The network device transmits signal 1 of the service beam. The contents of the service beam and signal 1 can be referred to the contents of the service beam and signal 1 discussed above, and will not be listed one by one here.

[0274] S1403. Terminal device #1 tracks the compensation parameters of the serving beam. The compensation parameters can refer to the compensation parameters of beam 1 discussed above, and will not be listed one by one here. For example, terminal device #1 can determine the compensation parameters of the serving beam based on the signal 1 of the serving beam, and maintain downlink synchronization with the serving beam based on the compensation parameters of the serving beam.

[0275] S1404, The network device transmits a signal 1 for a non-serving beam.

[0276] S1405. Terminal device #1 maintains the compensation parameters of the non-service beam. For example, terminal device #1 can determine the compensation parameters of the non-service beam based on the signal 1 of the non-service beam, and save the compensation parameters of the non-service beam.

[0277] S1406, Terminal device #2 sends a call request to the network device. The call request is directed to terminal device #1.

[0278] S1407, The network device sends a paging message.

[0279] S1407 can be divided into two cases. The first case can be referred to the steps shown in S1408 and S1409, and the second case can be referred to the steps shown in S1410 to S1412. The two cases are described below.

[0280] S1408, The network device sends a paging message for the service beam.

[0281] S1409. If the serving beam does not meet condition 4, terminal device #1 receives the paging message of the serving beam. If terminal device #1 successfully receives the paging message of the serving beam, it can be considered that the terminal device has successfully monitored the serving beam, or in other words, the serving beam monitoring is successful.

[0282] Figure 14 This diagram illustrates how terminal device #1 triggers the establishment of a wireless link.

[0283] In the first scenario, i.e., if the serving beam monitoring is successful, such as Figure 15 As shown, terminal device #1 can execute step S1501 to trigger the establishment of a radio link. S1501 allows terminal device #1's L2 and / or L3 to send message 8 to the PHY. Message 8 is used to initiate a paging response on the serving beam to request the establishment of a radio link with the serving beam.

[0284] S1410, The network device sends a paging message for beam 1.

[0285] S1411, The network device sends a paging message for beam K.

[0286] If the serving beam satisfies condition 4, the network device may send a paging message for at least one non-serving beam. At least one non-serving beam in Figure 14 Taking beams 1 to K as an example.

[0287] S1412, Terminal device #1 receives paging message from beam 1.

[0288] For example, if terminal device #1 determines that beam 1 meets condition 4, it receives the paging message of beam 1. If terminal device #1 successfully receives the paging message of beam 1, it can be considered that the terminal device has successfully monitored beam 1. Beam 1 is, for example, the beam of a neighboring satellite of the serving satellite.

[0289] S1401 to S1409 and S1411 are all optional steps, meaning they are not mandatory steps.

[0290] In the second scenario, where beam 1 is successfully monitored, continue as follows: Figure 14 As shown, terminal device #1 can execute steps S1502 to S1504 to trigger the establishment of a wireless link.

[0291] S1502, the PHY of terminal device #1, and L2 and / or L3 determine to perform beam reselection.

[0292] S1503, Terminal device #1's L2 and / or L3 indicate to the PHY to determine reselection to the target beam.

[0293] S1504, L2, and / or L3 send message 3 to the PHY. The content of message 3 can be found in the preceding text. Figure 13 The content of message 3 is discussed. The PHY can send message 3 to the network device to establish a wireless link.

[0294] The following describes the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. The electronic device may be a terminal device or network device involved in the various embodiments of this application, or a device capable of implementing a terminal device or network device. This electronic device can implement the foregoing... Figure 8 or Figure 14 Any communication method. Optionally, the electronic device can also implement... Figure 13 or Figure 15 Any of the implementation methods.

[0295] For example, see Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 110.

[0296] Optionally, the electronic device may also include at least one of the following: an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, a headphone jack 170D, a sensor module 180, a button 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display screen 194, or a subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface 195. The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, a barometric pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an accelerometer sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.

[0297] Processor 110 may include one or more processing units, such as an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural network processing unit (NPU). Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors. The controller may serve as the nerve center and command center of the electronic device. The controller can generate operation control signals based on instruction opcodes and timing signals to control instruction fetching and execution. Processor 110 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in processor 110 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that processor 110 has just used or is repeatedly used. If processor 110 needs to reuse the instruction or data, it can directly retrieve it from the memory. This avoids repeated access, reduces the waiting time of processor 110, and thus improves system efficiency.

[0298] In some embodiments, the processor 110 implements the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application, for example... Figure 8or Figure 13 Any of the method embodiments shown.

[0299] In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. Interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.

[0300] The I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus, including a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include multiple I2C buses. The processor 110 can couple to the touch sensor 180K, charger, flash, camera 193, etc., through different I2C bus interfaces. For example, the processor 110 can couple to the touch sensor 180K through the I2C interface, enabling the processor 110 and the touch sensor 180K to communicate through the I2C bus interface, thereby realizing the touch function of the electronic device 100.

[0301] The I2S interface can be used for audio communication. In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include multiple I2S buses. The processor 110 can be coupled to the audio module 170 via the I2S bus to enable communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 via the I2S interface to enable the function of answering phone calls through a Bluetooth headset.

[0302] The PCM interface can also be used for audio communication, sampling, quantizing, and encoding analog signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 can be coupled via the PCM bus interface. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 via the PCM interface, enabling the function of answering phone calls through a Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.

[0303] The UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication. This bus can be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial and parallel communication. In some embodiments, the UART interface is typically used to connect the processor 110 and the wireless communication module 160. For example, the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 via the UART interface to implement Bluetooth functionality. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 via the UART interface to enable music playback through Bluetooth headphones.

[0304] The MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 to peripheral devices such as the display screen 194 and the camera 193. The MIPI interface includes a camera serial interface (CSI) and a display serial interface (DSI). In some embodiments, the processor 110 and the camera 193 communicate via the CSI interface to enable the electronic device 100 to capture images. The processor 110 and the display screen 194 communicate via the DSI interface to enable the electronic device 100 to display images.

[0305] The GPIO interface can be configured via software. It can be configured as a control signal or a data signal. In some embodiments, the GPIO interface can be used to connect the processor 110 to a camera 193, a display screen 194, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a sensor module 180, etc. The GPIO interface can also be configured as an I2C interface, an I2S interface, a UART interface, a MIPI interface, etc.

[0306] USB port 130 is a USB standard compliant interface, specifically a Mini USB port, Micro USB port, USB Type-C port, etc. USB port 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge electronic device 100, and can also be used for data transfer between electronic device 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones for audio playback. This interface can also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices.

[0307] It is understood that the interface connection relationships between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative and do not constitute a structural limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of this application, the electronic device 100 may also employ different interface connection methods or combinations of multiple interface connection methods as described in the above embodiments.

[0308] The wireless communication function of the electronic device can be implemented through antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, modem processor, and baseband processor. Antenna 1 and antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the electronic device can be used to cover one or more communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antenna can be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

[0309] The mobile communication module 150 can provide solutions for wireless communication applications including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G in electronic devices. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves via antenna 1, and perform filtering, amplification, and other processing on the received electromagnetic waves before transmitting them to a modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation via antenna 1. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be housed in processor 110. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 and at least some modules of the processor 110 may be housed in the same device.

[0310] The wireless communication module 160 can provide solutions for wireless communication applications in electronic devices, including wireless local area networks (WLANs) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), and infrared (IR) technologies. The wireless communication module 160 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via antenna 2, performs frequency modulation and filtering of the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signal to processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 can also receive signals to be transmitted from processor 110, perform frequency modulation and amplification, and convert them into electromagnetic waves for radiation via antenna 2.

[0311] In some embodiments, antenna 1 of the electronic device is coupled to mobile communication module 150, and antenna 2 is coupled to wireless communication module 160, enabling the electronic device to communicate with networks and other devices via wireless communication technology.

[0312] The display screen 194 is used to display the application's interface, etc. The display screen 194 includes a display panel. In some embodiments, the electronic device may include one or P display screens 194, where P is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0313] The electronic device 100 can perform shooting functions through an ISP, a camera 193, a video codec, a GPU, a display 194, and an application processor. The ISP is used to process the data fed back by the camera 193.

[0314] Internal memory 121 can be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions. Processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device by running the instructions stored in internal memory 121. Internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and software code for at least one application program. The data storage area may store data generated during the use of the electronic device (e.g., images, videos, etc.). Furthermore, internal memory 121 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, general-purpose flash memory, etc.

[0315] The external storage interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external storage interface 120 to perform data storage functions. For example, images, videos, and other files can be saved on the external memory card.

[0316] Electronic devices can implement audio functions such as music playback and recording through audio modules 170, speakers 170A, receivers 170B, microphones 170C, headphone jacks 170D, and application processors.

[0317] The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signals for output, and also to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module 170 can also be used for encoding and decoding audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be located in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be located in the processor 110.

[0318] The speaker 170A, also known as a "loudspeaker," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The electronic device 100 can listen to music or listen to hands-free calls and other external playback scenarios through one or more speakers 170A.

[0319] The receiver 170B, also known as a "handpiece," can be one or more, and is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. When the electronic device 100 answers a telephone call or voice message, the receiver 170B can be brought close to the ear to listen to the voice.

[0320] The microphone 170C, also known as a "microphone" or "voice transducer," is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.

[0321] The 170D headphone jack is used to connect wired headphones.

[0322] The pressure sensor 180A is used to sense pressure signals and can convert the pressure signals into electrical signals. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 180A may be disposed on the display screen 194.

[0323] The gyroscope sensor 180B can be used to determine the motion attitude of an electronic device. In some embodiments, the gyroscope sensor 180B can determine the angular velocity of the electronic device about three axes (i.e., the x, y, and z axes). The gyroscope sensor 180B can be used for image stabilization.

[0324] The barometric pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the electronic device calculates altitude using the air pressure value measured by the barometric pressure sensor 180C to assist in positioning and navigation.

[0325] The magnetic sensor 180D includes a Hall effect sensor. Electronic devices can use the magnetic sensor 180D to detect the opening and closing of a flip cover.

[0326] The 180E accelerometer can detect the magnitude of acceleration in various directions (typically three axes) of electronic devices. When the electronic device is stationary, it can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity.

[0327] The 180F distance sensor is used to measure distance. Electronic devices can measure distance using infrared or laser.

[0328] The proximity sensor 180G may include, for example, a light-emitting diode (LED) and a photosensor, such as a photodiode. The LED may be an infrared LED. The electronic device emits infrared light outward through the LED. The electronic device uses the photodiode to detect infrared reflected light from nearby objects. When sufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device can determine that an object is near it. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device can determine that no object is near it.

[0329] An ambient light sensor 180L is used to detect ambient light levels. Electronic devices can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 194 based on the detected ambient light levels.

[0330] The fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect fingerprints.

[0331] The 180J temperature sensor is used to detect temperature.

[0332] Touch sensor 180K, also known as a "touch panel," can be located on display screen 194. The touch sensor 180K and display screen 194 together form a touchscreen, also known as a "touch screen." Touch sensor 180K is used to detect touch operations applied to or near it. The touch sensor can then transmit the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the type of touch event.

[0333] The bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire vibration signals. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire vibration signals from the vibrating bone segments of the human vocal cords.

[0334] Buttons 190 include a power button, volume buttons, etc. Buttons 190 can be mechanical buttons or touch buttons. The electronic device can receive button inputs and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control. Motor 191 can generate vibration alerts. Motor 191 can be used for incoming call vibration alerts or for touch vibration feedback. Indicator 192 can be an indicator light, used to indicate charging status, battery level changes, messages, missed calls, notifications, etc. SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card. The SIM card can be inserted into or removed from the SIM card interface 195 to achieve contact and separation with the electronic device.

[0335] Understandable Figure 16 The components shown do not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device. The electronic device in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, components that are... Figure 16 More or fewer parts. Furthermore, Figure 16 The combination / connection relationships between the components can also be adjusted and modified.

[0336] For example, see Figure 17 This is another schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 17 As shown, electronic device 1700 may include: one or more processors 1701; one or more memories 1702; a communication interface 1703; and one or more computer programs 1704. These devices can be connected via one or more communication buses. The one or more computer programs 1704 are stored in the memory 1702 and configured to be executed by the one or more processors 1701. The one or more computer programs 1704 include instructions. For example, when electronic device 1700 is a terminal device as described above, the instructions can be used to perform the relevant steps of a terminal device as described in the corresponding embodiments above. As another example, when electronic device 1700 is a network device as described above, the instructions can be used to perform the relevant steps of a network device as described in the corresponding embodiments above. Specifically, for example, when electronic device 1700 is a satellite as described above, the instructions can be used to perform the relevant steps of a satellite as described in the corresponding embodiments above. Specifically, for example, when electronic device 1700 is a gateway station as described above, the instructions can be used to perform the relevant steps of a gateway station as described in the corresponding embodiments above. The communication interface 1703 is used to enable communication between electronic device 1700 and other devices; for example, the communication interface may be a transceiver.

[0337] In the embodiments provided in this application above, in order to implement the various functions in the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application above, the electronic device may include a hardware structure and / or a software module, and implement the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether a certain function is executed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0338] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk (SSD)). Where there is no conflict, the solutions in the above embodiments can be used in combination.

[0339] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the communication methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0340] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the communication methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0341] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a chip, which is used to read a computer program stored in a memory and implement any of the communication methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0342] Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a chip system including a processor for supporting a computer device in implementing any of the communication methods described in the embodiments of this application. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory for storing necessary programs and data of the computer device. This chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0343] Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a communication system, including: a first terminal device and a network device. The first terminal device can implement the functions of any of the first terminal devices or terminal device #1 discussed above, and the network device can implement the functions of any of the network devices discussed above. Optionally, the communication system may further include a second terminal device. Optionally, the second terminal device can implement the functions of any of the second terminal devices or terminal device #2 discussed above.

[0344] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0345] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0346] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0347] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0348] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope and intent of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: It resides in the first beam, which is the serving beam of the first terminal device; A paging message is received from a second beam, which is a non-serving beam of the first terminal device, and the paging message is used to page the first terminal device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: A first signal is received from the second beam, the first signal being used to determine compensation parameters for achieving downlink synchronization between the second beam and the first terminal device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first information from the second beam, the first information indicating a first resource, the first resource being used by the second beam to transmit the paging message.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The paging message is received when the first beam satisfies a first condition and / or the second beam satisfies a second condition.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second condition includes at least one of the following: The signal strength of the second beam is greater than or equal to the first threshold. The signal quality of the second beam is greater than or equal to the second threshold. The signal strength of the second beam is the beam with the highest signal strength among at least one non-serving beam; or, The signal quality of the second beam is the highest among at least one non-serving beams.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The first condition includes: The signal strength of the first beam is less than or equal to the third threshold; and / or, The signal quality of the first beam is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth threshold is related to the capabilities of the first terminal device.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The second beam is the beam of the serving satellite of the first terminal device; or, The second beam is the beam of the non-serving satellite of the first terminal device.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, After receiving a paging message from the second beam, the method further includes: If the signal quality of the first beam is less than or equal to a fifth threshold, and the signal quality of one of the at least one non-service beams is greater than the signal quality of the first beam within a first time period, a target beam is determined from the at least one non-service beam, wherein the at least one non-service beam includes the second beam. Send a first message to the target beam, the first message being used to respond to the paging message and to request the establishment of a communication link with the target beam; A second message is received from the target beam, the second message indicating the transmission configuration between the target beam and the first terminal device.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After receiving the second message from the target beam, the method further includes: Receive a third message from the target beam, the third message being used to request the establishment of a call with the second terminal device; A fourth message is sent to the target beam, the fourth message being a response to the third message.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The target beam is the beam with the highest signal quality and / or the highest signal strength among the at least one non-serving beams.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, The target beam is the second beam.

13. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: A paging message is sent on the second beam, which is the non-service beam of the first terminal device; Receive a first message from the first terminal device, the first message being used to respond to the paging message and to request the establishment of a communication link with the second beam; A second message is sent to the first terminal device, the second message indicating the transmission configuration between the second beam and the first terminal device.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second beam transmits a first signal, which is used to determine compensation parameters to achieve downlink synchronization between the second beam and the first terminal device.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: A first message is transmitted on the second beam, the first message indicating a first resource, the first resource being used for transmitting the paging message on the second beam.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The second beam is the beam of the serving satellite of the first terminal device; or, The second beam is the beam of the non-serving satellite of the first terminal device.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-12, or to perform the method as described in any one of claims 13-16.

18. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-12, or to perform the method as described in any one of claims 13-16.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-12, or the method as described in any one of claims 13-16.

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