Water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment and method

Abstract

The invention provides water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment which comprises a frame, an irrigation mechanism and a fertilization mechanism are arranged on the frame, three wheels are arranged on the frame to integrally form an isosceles triangle shape, and the fertilization mechanism comprises a fertilizer barrel, a material distribution disc, a material outlet, a funnel, a material conveying pipeline, a first gear and a second gear. By means of a pure mechanical transmission structure, equipment advancing power is directly converted into driving force of the fertilization and irrigation mechanism, extra electric power or fuel oil power is not needed, equipment cost and use energy consumption are remarkably reduced, and the device is particularly suitable for the field or greenhouse environment lacking a power source. In the advancing process of the equipment, fertilization and irrigation actions are strictly synchronous with the rotating speed of wheels, so that the amount of water and fertilizer applied in unit area is kept constant, the overall structure is compact, the operation is simple and convenient, synchronous and accurate application of water and fertilizer can be completed only by manual pushing, and the environment-friendly target of saving water and fertilizer is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment technology, and in particular to a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern agricultural production, irrigation and fertilization are two crucial and closely related processes. Traditional irrigation and fertilization operations are usually carried out separately or rely on large, fixed pipeline systems, which suffer from problems such as cumbersome operation, high energy consumption, and low water and fertilizer utilization rates. For small-scale farmland, greenhouses, or areas with complex terrain, existing mobile irrigation and fertilization equipment is often structurally complex and requires additional power sources (such as electric motors or internal combustion engines), increasing operating costs and maintenance difficulties. At the same time, many existing devices are insufficient in terms of the precision and coordination of synchronized water and fertilizer supply, failing to achieve automatic and proportional water and fertilizer supply based on travel speed, resulting in uneven irrigation and fertilization, easily causing resource waste and localized fertilizer damage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, to address the problems existing in the technical background, the present invention proposes a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device and method. This mobile device is purely mechanically driven, easy to operate, and capable of achieving simultaneous and precise application of water and fertilizer. Specifically, it includes the following: A water-saving irrigation and fertilization device includes a frame on which an irrigation mechanism and a fertilization mechanism are mounted. Two wheels are located on the front sides of the frame, and one wheel is located at the rear. The three wheels together form an isosceles triangle. The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer tank, a dispensing disc, a discharge port, a funnel, a conveying pipe, a first gear, and a second gear. A connecting shaft is located between the two gears at the front of the frame. Two first gears are mounted on the connecting shaft. When the wheel rotates, the two first gears rotate. The first gears are connected to the second gear via a conveyor belt. The center of the second gear is connected to the dispensing disc. One end of the dispensing disc extends into the fertilizer tank, and the other end of the dispensing disc has a discharge port. Below the discharge port is a non-contact funnel, and below the funnel is a conveying pipe. The fertilization mechanism includes a bucket, an irrigation pipe, a rotating shaft, a connecting rod, and a water pump. The bucket is connected to the water pump via a pipe. The top of the water pump is connected to the rotating shaft via a connecting rod. The rotating shaft is connected to a first gear via a conveyor belt and rotates with the rotation of the first gear. The connecting rod is located on the rotating shaft away from the center of the rotating shaft. When the rotating shaft rotates, it drives the connecting rod to swing, thereby driving the water pump to move. The top of the water pump is connected to at least one water outlet via an irrigation pipe.

[0004] Furthermore, the water outlets are located at the front end of the vehicle frame and are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the vehicle frame.

[0005] Furthermore, the frame is provided with a handrail at one end near the rear wheel for the user to push the frame forward.

[0006] Furthermore, the fertilizer tank is equipped with a stirring mechanism inside to prevent fertilizer from piling up and falling out.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission belt is a chain.

[0008] Furthermore, the fertilizer bucket can be detachably placed on the vehicle frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the distributing disc is cylindrical, with multiple grooves evenly spaced around its circumference serving as the receiving cavity for discharging outlets. The bottom of the fertilizer tank has an opening that matches the shape of the outer edge of the distributing disc, and a portion of the distributing disc extends into the fertilizer tank through this opening, allowing the discharging outlets to scoop up fertilizer during rotation.

[0010] A water-saving irrigation and fertilization method using a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device includes the following steps: Propel the equipment forward, causing the front wheels to turn; The rotation of the front wheels drives the distribution plate to rotate through the mechanical drive unit, discharging a fixed amount of fertilizer from the fertilizer tank. The fertilizer then falls through the funnel and conveying pipe. At the same time, the rotation of the front wheel drives the axle, connecting rod and water pump to draw water from the bucket and pump it into the irrigation pipe, from which it flows out to irrigate.

[0011] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a purely mechanical transmission structure to directly convert the equipment's propulsion power into the driving force for the fertilization and irrigation mechanisms. It requires no additional electricity or fuel, significantly reducing equipment costs and energy consumption, making it particularly suitable for field or greenhouse environments lacking power sources. During operation, the fertilization and irrigation actions are strictly synchronized with the wheel speed, ensuring a constant amount of water and fertilizer applied per unit area. This effectively avoids uneven application caused by variations in travel speed, improving the uniformity and consistency of irrigation and fertilization, facilitating even crop absorption, and reducing the risk of localized waterlogging or fertilizer damage. The compact structure and simple operation allow for precise and synchronized water and fertilizer application simply by manual pushing, improving operational efficiency. Furthermore, quantitative dispensing and pumping reduce water and fertilizer waste, achieving the environmental goals of water and fertilizer conservation. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization mechanism of a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water pump in a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device according to the present invention; In the diagram: 1-frame; 2-rear wheel; 3-front wheel; 4-axle; 5-connecting rod; 6-water pump; 7-fertilizer bucket; 8-handrail; 9-water bucket; 10-irrigation pipe; 11-water outlet; 12-first gear; 13-second gear; 14-distribution plate; 15-discharge port; 16-funnel; 17-material conveying pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device includes a frame 1, on which an irrigation mechanism and a fertilization mechanism are provided. Two front wheels 3 are provided on the front sides of the frame 1, and a rear wheel 2 is provided at the rear. The three wheels form an isosceles triangle. The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer tank 7, a distributing plate 14, a discharge port 15, a funnel 16, a conveying pipe 17, a first gear 12, and a second gear 13. A connecting shaft is provided between the two gears at the front of the frame 1. Two first gears 12 are provided on the connecting shaft. When the front wheel 3 rotates, the two first gears 12 rotate. The first gear 12 is connected to the second gear 13 through a conveyor belt. The center of the second gear 13 is connected to the distributing plate 14. One end of the distributing plate 14 extends into the fertilizer tank 7. The other end of the distributing plate 14 is provided with a discharge port 15. Below the discharge port 15 is a non-contact funnel 16. The lower part of the funnel 16 is connected to the conveying pipe 17. The fertilization mechanism includes a water bucket 9, an irrigation pipe 10, a rotating shaft 4, a connecting rod 5, and a water pump 6. The water bucket 9 is connected to the water pump 6 via a pipe. The top of the water pump 6 is connected to the rotating shaft 4 via the connecting rod 5. The rotating shaft 4 is connected to a first gear 12 via a conveyor belt and rotates with the rotation of the first gear 12. The connecting rod 5 is located on the rotating shaft 4 away from the center of the rotating shaft. When the rotating shaft 4 rotates, it drives the connecting rod 5 to swing, thereby driving the water pump 6 to move. The top of the water pump 6 is connected to at least one water outlet 11 via the irrigation pipe 10.

[0015] In this invention, the frame 1 serves as the main load-bearing structure, with a front wheel 3 mounted on each of its front two sides and a rear wheel 2 mounted at the rear, forming a stable three-point support structure. A handle 8 is provided on the upper rear of the frame 1, making it convenient for the user to hold and push the equipment to move it in the field.

[0016] The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer tank 7, a dispensing tray 14, a funnel 16, and a conveying pipe 17. The fertilizer tank 7 is detachably mounted on the frame 1 for easy filling and cleaning. The bottom of the fertilizer tank 7 has an opening through which a portion of the cylindrical dispensing tray 14 extends into the tank. Multiple grooves are evenly spaced on the circumferential surface of the dispensing tray 14, each groove forming a receiving cavity, i.e., a discharge port 15. The central shaft of the dispensing tray 14 is fixedly connected to a second gear 13. The two front wheels 3 at the front of the frame 1 are connected by a connecting shaft, on which two first gears 12 are mounted. When the front wheels 3 rotate with the movement of the equipment, they drive the first gears 12 to rotate synchronously. The first gears 12 are connected to the second gears 13 via a chain, i.e., a transmission belt, thereby transmitting the rotational power of the wheels to the dispensing tray 14. As the dispensing tray 14 rotates, its grooves scoop up a certain amount of fertilizer from the fertilizer tank 7. As it rotates to the lower position, the fertilizer falls from the discharge port 15 into the funnel 16 below due to gravity. The funnel 16 is connected to the discharge port 15 in a non-contact manner to avoid interfering with the rotation of the distribution plate 14. After the fertilizer is collected by the funnel 16, it is guided to the soil near the crop roots through the conveying pipe 17.

[0017] The irrigation mechanism includes a water bucket 9, a water pump 6, a rotating shaft 4, a connecting rod 5, and an irrigation pipe 10. The water bucket 9 is placed on the frame 1, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the water pump 6 via a hose. The upper end of the rocker arm of the water pump 6 is hinged to the connecting rod 5, and the other end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the eccentric position of the rotating shaft 4. The rotating shaft 4 is linked to the aforementioned first gear 12 via a chain, thus rotating with the rotation of the front wheel 3. When the rotating shaft 4 rotates, because the connecting rod 5 is connected at the eccentric position, the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 4 is converted into the reciprocating oscillation of the connecting rod 5, which in turn drives the water pump 6 to perform a suction action. The outlet of the water pump 6 is connected to the irrigation pipe 10, which is arranged laterally along the front of the frame 1 and has multiple equidistantly arranged water outlets 11. When the water pump 6 is working, it continuously draws out and pressurizes the water in the water bucket 9, delivers it to the irrigation pipe 10, and finally sprays it evenly from each water outlet 11 to irrigate the crops.

[0018] During operation, the user pushes the handle 8 to move the equipment forward, causing the front wheel 3 to rotate. Gear and chain transmission drive the distribution disc 14 to rotate, achieving continuous and quantitative fertilizer discharge. The chain drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate, which in turn drives the water pump 6 via the connecting rod 5, achieving synchronous water supply. Since both fertilization and irrigation are powered by the same rotating wheel, the water and fertilizer discharge rate is strictly matched to the equipment's travel speed, ensuring a constant amount of water and fertilizer applied per unit travel distance, achieving uniform fertilization and irrigation.

[0019] In other embodiments, a simple stirring blade can be added inside the fertilizer tank 7, which is linked with the distribution plate 14 to prevent fertilizer from clumping. The entire system requires no external power, has a reliable structure, is easy to maintain, and is suitable for various field operation scenarios.

[0020] Example 2, based on Example 1, the dispensing tray 14 is made of wear-resistant engineering plastic or surface-plated metal. Its cylindrical body has six or eight fan-shaped placement grooves evenly opened on the circumference. The volume of each groove is precisely calculated to ensure that the amount of fertilizer that can be scooped by a single groove in a single rotation meets the agronomic requirements for fertilizer application per unit area.

[0021] The bottom opening of the fertilizer hopper 7 and the outer edge of the dispensing tray 14 are fitted with a labyrinthine clearance, which allows the dispensing tray 14 to rotate freely while effectively preventing fertilizer dust from spilling out. When the groove rotates to its highest point, it is completely immersed in the fertilizer to complete the material collection. When it rotates to the bottom vertically downward position, the fertilizer automatically falls into the funnel 16 directly below by gravity. The upper edge of the funnel 16 maintains a gap of about 3-5 mm with the outer surface of the dispensing tray 14 to avoid friction interference.

[0022] Example 3, based on Example 1, describes a water pump 6 with a bidirectional plunger pump structure. Both its inlet and outlet are equipped with check valves to ensure directional water delivery. The eccentric connection point between the connecting rod 5 and the rotating shaft 4 is adjustable. By changing the eccentricity, the plunger stroke is adjusted, thereby fine-tuning the pump's water volume to accommodate the varying water requirements of different crops. The irrigation pipe 10 uses a segmented threaded connection, and the outlet 11 is a rotatable fan-shaped atomizing nozzle. Each nozzle can be independently switched on / off or its spray angle adjusted, allowing for flexible configuration of the irrigation range based on crop row spacing. A simple filter screen is added to the connecting pipe between the water tank 9 and the water pump 6 to prevent impurities from entering the pump body and causing blockages, ensuring long-term reliable system operation.

[0023] In the refinement of the overall transmission and adjustment mechanism, the transmission chain between the first gear 12 and the second gear 13 is equipped with a tensioning wheel device, which allows manual adjustment of the chain tension to maintain smooth and efficient transmission. A replaceable gear set is installed on the connecting shaft of the front wheel 3. By replacing the first gear 12 with different numbers of teeth, the transmission ratio can be changed, thereby adjusting the rotational speed and material picking frequency of the distribution disc 14 at the same travel speed, achieving coarse adjustment of the fertilizer application rate per unit area.

[0024] The fertilizer tank 7 is made of transparent or semi-transparent material and is marked with graduations, making it convenient for users to observe the remaining amount in real time and replenish it in a timely manner.

[0025] The basic principles and main features of the present invention have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-saving irrigation and fertilization device, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is equipped with an irrigation mechanism and a fertilization mechanism. The frame (1) has two front wheels (3) on both sides at the front and a rear wheel (2) at the rear. The three wheels form an isosceles triangle. The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer tank (7), a distribution plate (14), a discharge port (15), a funnel (16), a conveying pipe (17), a first gear (12), and a second gear (13). A connecting shaft is provided between the two front wheels (3) at the front of the frame (1). Two first gears are provided on the connecting shaft. (12) When the front wheel (3) rotates, the two first gears (12) rotate. The first gear (12) is connected to the second gear (13) via a conveyor belt. The center of the second gear (13) is connected to the distribution plate (14). One end of the distribution plate (14) extends into the fertilizer barrel (7). The other end of the distribution plate (14) is provided with a discharge port (15). Below the discharge port (15) is a non-contact funnel (16). The lower part of the funnel (16) is connected to the conveying pipe (17).

2. The water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilization mechanism includes a bucket (9), an irrigation pipe (10), a rotating shaft (4), a connecting rod (5), and a water pump (6). The bucket (9) is connected to the water pump (6) through a pipe. The top of the water pump (6) is connected to the rotating shaft (4) through the connecting rod (5). The rotating shaft (4) is connected to the first gear (12) through a conveyor belt and rotates with the rotation of the first gear (12). The connecting rod (5) is located at a position away from the center of the rotating shaft (4). When the rotating shaft (4) rotates, it drives the connecting rod (5) to swing, thereby driving the water pump (6) to move. The top of the water pump (6) is connected to at least one water outlet (11) through the irrigation pipe (10).

3. The water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water outlet (11) is located at the front end of the frame (1) and is arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the frame (1).

4. The water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) has a handrail (8) at one end near the rear wheel (2) for the user to push the frame (1) forward.

5. The water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer bucket (7) is equipped with a stirring mechanism inside to prevent fertilizer from piling up and falling.

6. The water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive belt is a chain.

7. The water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer bucket (7) is detachably placed on the frame (1).

8. The water-saving irrigation and fertilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributing disc (14) is cylindrical, and its circumference is evenly provided with a plurality of grooves for discharging ports (15) as the receiving cavity. The bottom of the fertilizer tank (7) is provided with an opening that matches the shape of the outer edge of the distributing disc (14). A part of the distributing disc (14) extends into the fertilizer tank (7) through this opening, so that the discharging port (15) can scoop up fertilizer during rotation.

9. A water-saving irrigation and fertilization method using a water-saving irrigation and fertilization device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Propel the equipment forward, causing the front wheels (3) to rotate; The rotation of the front wheel (3) drives the distribution plate (14) to rotate through the mechanical drive unit, discharging a fixed amount of fertilizer from the fertilizer barrel (7). The fertilizer falls through the funnel (16) and the conveying pipe (17). At the same time, the rotation of the front wheel (3) drives the shaft (4), connecting rod (5) and water pump (6) to work, drawing water from the water bucket (9) and pumping it into the irrigation pipe (10) so that it flows out from the outlet (11) for irrigation.

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