Intelligent matching method and composition for river channel conditioning agent based on water quality dynamic response

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water treatment and environmental engineering, in particular to a water quality dynamic response-based intelligent proportioning method for a river channel conditioning agent and a composition, and the composition comprises a composite flocculation matrix, a microbial activation component, an oxidation pre-control component, a synergistic carrier and a water quality response conditioning agent. According to the method, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and water temperature are detected, the nutritive salt ratio R is calculated, the ratio is dynamically adjusted in combination with a temperature correction coefficient Kt, and repeated measurement and secondary correction are conducted 24 hours after 70% of agents are added for the first time. According to the application, accurate response to water quality fluctuation can be realized, the pollutant removal efficiency is improved, and bottom mud generation and agent waste are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water treatment and environmental engineering, specifically involving the cross-technical fields of International Patent Classification C02F (treatment of water, wastewater, sewage or sludge) and G05B (control or regulation systems), and specifically a method and composition for intelligent proportioning of river conditioning agents based on dynamic response of water quality. Background Technology

[0002] In river water management, chemical dosing is a crucial means of improving water quality, controlling algae, promoting suspended solids settling, and stabilizing bottom sediments. However, traditional chemical dosing processes often employ fixed ratios or empirical dosing methods, which are ill-suited to the dynamic response requirements of river water quality under varying seasons, rainfall events, and pollution loads. Especially under complex conditions such as the alternation of rainy and dry seasons and sudden non-point source pollution inputs, fixed-ratio chemical combinations can easily lead to low treatment efficiency, chemical waste, and even the risk of secondary pollution. Furthermore, single-function chemicals often only target specific pollutants (such as algae, total phosphorus, or suspended solids), lacking the ability to synergistically regulate multiple indicators. Long-term use may also cause problems such as bottom sediment accumulation and ecological imbalance.

[0003] Patent CN112978882A discloses a chemical algaecide, which is composed of polyaluminum chloride, coal-based powdered activated carbon, anionic polyacrylamide (PAM), and potassium ferrate mixed in fixed mass proportions. The specific ratio range is: 60% to 80% polyaluminum chloride, 10% to 35% coal-based powdered activated carbon, 2.5% to 5% anionic PAM, and 2.5% to 5% potassium ferrate. Although this agent has multiple functions such as algae removal, flocculation, and oxidation, its component proportions are preset within a fixed range and are not dynamically adjusted according to actual water quality parameters (such as chlorophyll a concentration, total phosphorus, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, etc.). Therefore, it cannot achieve real-time response to water quality fluctuations and is prone to overdosing under low pollution loads, while failing due to insufficient dosage under high pollution shocks.

[0004] Patent CN116573834A discloses a sludge reduction process and an integrated dredging system, which mentions an "intelligent control dosing system that automatically controls the dosage of chemicals based on the sludge concentration in the pipeline." While this solution introduces a feedback control mechanism based on sludge concentration, its monitoring only covers the solid phase concentration of the sludge, failing to comprehensively perceive key water quality indicators (such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and algae density). Furthermore, the chemical type is limited, primarily serving the subsequent filter press dewatering stage rather than addressing the overall ecological regulation of the river. Therefore, this system lacks comprehensive perception of multi-dimensional dynamic changes in water quality and the ability to synergistically optimize the proportions of multi-component chemicals, failing to achieve the intelligent control goals of "precise dosing on demand" and "ecological function orientation."

[0005] In summary, existing technologies for the application of river conditioning agents generally suffer from the following shortcomings: (1) the agent ratio is fixed and cannot adapt to dynamic changes in water quality such as rainy / dry seasons; (2) the agent has a single function and is difficult to synergistically remove multiple pollutants, and long-term use can easily aggravate sediment accumulation; (3) there is a lack of a rapid response and intelligent decision-making mechanism based on real-time monitoring of multi-parameter water quality, resulting in low agent utilization and high operating costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent formulation method and composition of river conditioning agents that can be based on dynamic water quality response to achieve precise, efficient and eco-friendly river management. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method and composition for intelligent formulation of river conditioning agents based on dynamic water quality response. It aims to achieve precise response to changes in pollutant load, nutrient ratio, and water temperature in river water by constructing a multi-component synergistic system and combining it with a real-time sensing and dynamic calculation model of water quality parameters. This solves the technical problems of traditional fixed-ratio agents being unable to adapt to water quality fluctuations during rainy and dry seasons, single-function agents being inefficient and prone to sediment accumulation, and the lack of a rapid feedback mechanism leading to agent waste.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a river water quality conditioning agent, characterized in that it comprises the following components by weight percentage: Composite flocculant matrix: 35% to 65%; Microbial activating components: 10% to 30%; Oxidation pre-control components: 8% to 25%; Enhancement carrier: 5% to 20%; Water quality response regulator: 0.5% to 5%.

[0008] In some embodiments, the composite flocculant matrix comprises an inorganic component and an organic component, wherein the inorganic component accounts for 60% to 80% of the total weight of the composite flocculant matrix and is selected from one or more combinations of polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, and polyaluminum ferric silicate; the organic component accounts for 20% to 40% of the total weight of the composite flocculant matrix and is selected from cationic polyacrylamide (molecular weight of 8 million to 12 million) or chitosan derivatives with a degree of deacetylation greater than 85%. This composite flocculant matrix rapidly neutralizes the colloidal particles through the inorganic component, while the organic component promotes floc formation through polymer chain bridging and sweeping, resulting in a 15% to 20% reduction in the volume of treated sludge.

[0009] In some embodiments, the microbial activation component comprises a compound bacterial strain dry powder mixture and an activator, wherein the compound bacterial strain dry powder mixture is composed of Bacillus subtilis (1 x 10^10 CFU per gram), nitrifying bacteria (2 x 10^9 CFU per gram), and photosynthetic bacteria (3 x 10^9 CFU per gram) in a weight ratio of 5:3:2; the activator is composed of sodium citrate (3% to 8% of the total weight of the microbial activation component) and yeast powder (2% to 5% of the total weight of the microbial activation component).

[0010] In some embodiments, the oxidation pre-control component consists of a primary oxidant, an auxiliary oxidant, and a buffer. The primary oxidant is potassium persulfate complex salt (with an effective oxygen content of not less than 4.5%), accounting for 5% to 15% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component. The auxiliary oxidant is potassium ferrate (with a purity of not less than 86%), accounting for 3% to 10% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component. The buffer is sodium bicarbonate, accounting for 1% to 5% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component, used to maintain the pH of the reaction system between 6.5 and 7.8.

[0011] In some embodiments, the synergistic carrier comprises a microporous carrier and a sustained-release matrix, wherein the microporous carrier is modified diatomaceous earth (pore size of 50 nm to 200 nm), accounting for 3% to 12% of the total weight of the synergistic carrier; and the sustained-release matrix is ​​corn starch-grafted acrylamide copolymer, accounting for 2% to 8% of the total weight of the synergistic carrier. This synergistic carrier, by providing a high specific surface area microporous structure, increases the microbial biofilm formation rate by 40% to 60% and extends the effective action time of the agent to 72 hours.

[0012] In some embodiments, the water quality response regulator is composed of a temperature-responsive component, a pH-responsive component, and a heavy metal chelating component. The temperature-responsive component is sodium thiosulfate, which automatically increases in volume when the water temperature is below 15 degrees Celsius to activate microbial activity at low temperatures. The pH-responsive component is a buffer pair composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate. The heavy metal chelating component is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, accounting for 0.1% to 0.5% of the total weight of the water quality response regulator.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for formulating river conditioning agents based on dynamic water quality response, comprising the following steps: S10: Collect water samples from the target river channel and test the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and water temperature in the water. S20: Calculate the nutrient ratio R according to the formula R equals ammonia nitrogen concentration divided by total phosphorus concentration, determine the type of nitrogen-phosphorus imbalance based on the R value, and determine the basic ratio model. S30: Select the temperature correction coefficient Kt according to the water temperature range, and combine it with the pollutant load coefficient Kc to dynamically adjust the proportion of each component; S40: Add 70% of the adjusted reagent for the first time, retest the water quality parameters 24 hours later, make a second correction based on the trend, and complete the supplementary addition of the remaining 30% within 48 hours.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S20, when R is greater than 15:1, it is determined to be a nitrogen excess condition, and the proportion of nitrifying bacteria in the microbial activation component is increased by 20%; when R is less than 8:1, it is determined to be a phosphorus excess condition, and the proportion of iron salt inorganic flocculants (polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, or polyaluminum ferric silicate) in the composite flocculant matrix is ​​increased by 15%.

[0015] In some implementations, the basic proportioning model in step S30 adopts the following calculation rules: The baseline amount of flocculant is equal to 35% plus (chemical oxygen demand concentration minus 50%) multiplied by 0.3%. This increment is only used when the chemical oxygen demand concentration is greater than 50 mg / L. The baseline amount of microbial components is equal to 10% plus (ammonia nitrogen concentration minus 2) multiplied by 1.5%, where for every 2 mg / L increase in ammonia nitrogen concentration, an additional 1.5% of microbial activated components is added. The oxidant safety threshold is equal to 8% plus (total phosphorus concentration minus 0.5%) multiplied by 2%. The oxidant pre-control component increment is only activated when the total phosphorus concentration is greater than 0.5 mg / L.

[0016] In some implementations, in step S30, the temperature correction factor Kt is applied according to the following rules: When the water temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 1.3. At this time, the overall microbial activation components increase by 30%, and the amount of internal activators (sodium citrate and yeast powder) increases by 50% simultaneously. When the water temperature is between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 1.1, and the standard ratio is used. When the water temperature is between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 0.9, and the overall oxidation pre-control components are reduced by 20% to prevent a sudden drop in dissolved oxygen or the release of endogenous pollutants from algal cell rupture due to accelerated oxidation reaction at high temperatures. When the water temperature is above 30 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 0.85, and the composite flocculant matrix is ​​increased by 15% to enhance the ability to capture algae and suspended solids and suppress algal blooms.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S40, the water body is retested within 24 hours after the initial addition, and the test indicators include ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity and dissolved oxygen; if the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is less than 40%, the microbial activation component is increased by 5% to 10% in the second correction; if the total phosphorus removal rate is less than 50%, the iron salt ratio in the composite flocculant is increased by 10%; if the chemical oxygen demand decreases by less than 30%, the oxidation pre-control component is supplemented by 3% to 5%.

[0018] In some embodiments, each component of the pharmaceutical preparation is dried before mixing, with the moisture content controlled to be below 3%. The mixing process is carried out in a closed stirring device with a stirring speed of 30 to 60 revolutions per minute and a mixing time of 30 to 60 minutes to ensure that each component is evenly dispersed and does not react prematurely.

[0019] In some embodiments, the inorganic and organic components of the composite flocculation matrix are premixed separately before mixing. The inorganic component is first mixed with the modified diatomaceous earth in the synergistic carrier, and the organic component is blended with the slow-release skeleton. Then the two-phase mixture is combined to avoid direct contact between the polymer organic matter and the metal salt, which could lead to local cross-linking or precipitation.

[0020] In some embodiments, the microbial activating component is prepared into a dry powder by vacuum freeze-drying before being mixed with other components, with a live bacteria survival rate of not less than 90%. The ambient temperature is controlled below 25 degrees Celsius and the relative humidity is below 50% during mixing to prevent the bacteria from becoming inactive.

[0021] In some embodiments, the potassium persulfate complex salt and potassium ferrate in the oxidation pre-control component are respectively coated in a corn starch-grafted acrylamide slow-release skeleton before mixing, with a coating thickness of ten to thirty micrometers, in order to slow down the release rate of the oxidant and avoid oxidative inactivation with the microbial activation component during storage or initial addition.

[0022] In some embodiments, sodium thiosulfate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in the water quality response modifier are preloaded into the micropores of modified diatomaceous earth at a loading rate of 20% to 40%, so that they are gradually released under low temperature or heavy metal conditions to achieve an environmentally triggered response.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention provides a river water quality conditioning system, including an online water quality monitoring unit, a central computing unit, a reagent preparation unit, and a segmented dosing unit; the online water quality monitoring unit collects ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and water temperature data in real time and transmits them to the central computing unit; the central computing unit has the above-mentioned proportioning algorithm model built in it and outputs the proportioning instructions of each group to the reagent preparation unit; the reagent preparation unit automatically weighs and mixes each component according to the instructions and prepares it into dry powder or granules; the segmented dosing unit triggers a second correction instruction 24 hours after the first dosing according to the dosing strategy of the central computing unit to complete the dosing of the remaining reagents.

[0024] In some embodiments, the reagent preparation unit is equipped with independent silos for storing composite flocculant matrix, microbial activation components, oxidation pre-control components, synergistic carriers and water quality response regulators respectively. The outlet of each silo is connected to a metering screw feeder with an accuracy error not exceeding ±0.5%.

[0025] In some implementations, the segmented dosing unit uses a drone or floating dosing device with GPS positioning and water flow direction sensing capabilities to ensure that the agent is evenly distributed across the river cross-section and that the dosing location avoids stagnant water areas and areas of strong turbulence.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, this invention constructs a multi-component synergistic, parameter-driven, and dynamically corrected river conditioning agent system. Its core innovation lies in combining key water quality indicators (ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and water temperature) with the nutrient ratio R to establish a quantifiable and executable proportioning calculation model. Fine-tuning is achieved through a temperature correction coefficient Kt and a pollutant load coefficient Kc. Simultaneously, the internal component design of the agent takes into account four major functions: flocculation and sedimentation, microbial degradation, oxidation pre-control, and environmental response. Enhancement carriers extend the action time and reduce sediment formation, while water quality response regulators achieve low-temperature activation and heavy metal passivation. Therefore, it can maintain highly efficient and stable treatment effects under complex conditions such as high-load impact during the rainy season and low-flow concentration during the dry season, significantly reducing agent waste and the risk of secondary pollution. Detailed implementation methods are provided. The various embodiments or implementation schemes in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments.

[0027] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] As mentioned in the background section above, chemical agents are widely used for water quality conditioning in river management. However, traditional methods often rely on fixed ratios or empirical dosage, making it difficult to cope with dynamic water quality changes under complex conditions such as high-load impacts during the rainy season and low-flow concentration during the dry season. Especially when ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and water temperature fluctuate significantly, fixed-ratio agents can easily lead to low treatment efficiency, increased sediment accumulation, or serious waste of agents. Furthermore, single-function agents cannot achieve the synergistic effects of flocculation and sedimentation, microbial degradation, oxidation pre-control, and environmental response; long-term use may disrupt the ecological balance of the water body.

[0030] Based on this, this application provides a method and composition for intelligent proportioning of river conditioning agents based on dynamic water quality response. By constructing a multi-component synergistic system and combining it with a real-time sensing and dynamic calculation model of water quality parameters, it can achieve precise response to changes in pollutant load, nutrient ratio and water temperature, thereby maintaining efficient, stable and eco-friendly treatment effects under different working conditions.

[0031] In a first aspect, this application provides a river water quality conditioning agent, comprising the following components by weight percentage: 35% to 65% composite flocculant matrix; 10% to 30% microbial activating component; 8% to 25% oxidation pre-control component; 5% to 20% synergistic carrier; and 0.5% to 5% water quality response regulator.

[0032] In some embodiments, the composite flocculant matrix comprises an inorganic component and an organic component, wherein the inorganic component accounts for 60% to 80% of the total weight of the composite flocculant matrix and is selected from one or more combinations of polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, and polyaluminum ferric silicate; the organic component accounts for 20% to 40% of the total weight of the composite flocculant matrix and is selected from cationic polyacrylamide (molecular weight of 8 million to 12 million) or chitosan derivatives with a degree of deacetylation greater than 85%. This composite flocculant matrix rapidly neutralizes the colloidal particles through the inorganic component, while the organic component promotes floc formation through polymer chain bridging and sweeping, resulting in a 15% to 20% reduction in the volume of treated sludge.

[0033] In some embodiments, the microbial activation component comprises a compound bacterial strain dry powder mixture and an activator, wherein the compound bacterial strain dry powder mixture is composed of Bacillus subtilis (1 x 10^10 CFU per gram), nitrifying bacteria (2 x 10^9 CFU per gram), and photosynthetic bacteria (3 x 10^9 CFU per gram) in a weight ratio of 5:3:2; the activator is composed of sodium citrate (3% to 8% of the total weight of the microbial activation component) and yeast powder (2% to 5% of the total weight of the microbial activation component).

[0034] In some embodiments, the oxidation pre-control component consists of a primary oxidant, an auxiliary oxidant, and a buffer. The primary oxidant is potassium persulfate complex salt (with an effective oxygen content of not less than 4.5%), accounting for 5% to 15% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component. The auxiliary oxidant is potassium ferrate (with a purity of not less than 86%), accounting for 3% to 10% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component. The buffer is sodium bicarbonate, accounting for 1% to 5% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component, used to maintain the pH of the reaction system between 6.5 and 7.8.

[0035] In some embodiments, the synergistic carrier comprises a microporous carrier and a sustained-release matrix, wherein the microporous carrier is modified diatomaceous earth (pore size of 50 nm to 200 nm), accounting for 3% to 12% of the total weight of the synergistic carrier; and the sustained-release matrix is ​​corn starch-grafted acrylamide copolymer, accounting for 2% to 8% of the total weight of the synergistic carrier. This synergistic carrier, by providing a high specific surface area microporous structure, increases the microbial biofilm formation rate by 40% to 60% and extends the effective action time of the agent to 72 hours.

[0036] In some embodiments, the water quality response regulator is composed of a temperature-responsive component, a pH-responsive component, and a heavy metal chelating component. The temperature-responsive component is sodium thiosulfate, which automatically increases in volume when the water temperature is below 15 degrees Celsius to activate microbial activity at low temperatures. The pH-responsive component is a buffer pair composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate. The heavy metal chelating component is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, accounting for 0.1% to 0.5% of the total weight of the water quality response regulator.

[0037] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing river conditioning agents based on dynamic water quality response, including the following steps: S10: Collect water samples from the target river channel and test the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and water temperature in the water. S20: Calculate the nutrient ratio R according to the formula R equals ammonia nitrogen concentration divided by total phosphorus concentration, determine the type of nitrogen-phosphorus imbalance based on the R value, and determine the basic ratio model. S30: Select the temperature correction coefficient Kt according to the water temperature range, and combine it with the pollutant load coefficient Kc to dynamically adjust the proportion of each component; S40: Add 70% of the adjusted reagent for the first time, retest the water quality parameters 24 hours later, make a second correction based on the trend, and complete the supplementary addition of the remaining 30% within 48 hours.

[0038] In some embodiments, in step S20, when R is greater than 15:1, it is determined to be a nitrogen excess condition, and the proportion of nitrifying bacteria in the microbial activation component is increased by 20%; when R is less than 8:1, it is determined to be a phosphorus excess condition, and the proportion of iron salt inorganic flocculants (polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, or polyaluminum ferric silicate) in the composite flocculant matrix is ​​increased by 15%.

[0039] In some implementations, the basic proportioning model in step S30 adopts the following calculation rules: The baseline amount of flocculant is equal to 35% plus (chemical oxygen demand concentration minus 50%) multiplied by 0.3%. This increment is only used when the chemical oxygen demand concentration is greater than 50 mg / L. The baseline amount of microbial components is equal to 10% plus (ammonia nitrogen concentration minus 2) multiplied by 1.5%, where for every 2 mg / L increase in ammonia nitrogen concentration, an additional 1.5% of microbial activated components is added. The oxidant safety threshold is equal to 8% plus (total phosphorus concentration minus 0.5%) multiplied by 2%. The oxidant pre-control component increment is only activated when the total phosphorus concentration is greater than 0.5 mg / L.

[0040] In some implementations, in step S30, the temperature correction factor Kt is applied according to the following rules: When the water temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 1.3. At this time, the overall microbial activation components increase by 30%, and the amount of internal activators (sodium citrate and yeast powder) increases by 50% simultaneously. When the water temperature is between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 1.1, and the standard ratio is used. When the water temperature is between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 0.9, and the overall oxidation pre-control components are reduced by 20% to prevent a sudden drop in dissolved oxygen or the release of endogenous pollutants from algal cell rupture due to accelerated oxidation reaction at high temperatures. When the water temperature is above 30 degrees Celsius, Kt is set to 0.85, and the composite flocculant matrix is ​​increased by 15% to enhance the ability to capture algae and suspended solids and suppress algal blooms.

[0041] In some embodiments, in step S40, the water body is retested within 24 hours after the initial addition, and the test indicators include ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity and dissolved oxygen; if the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is less than 40%, the microbial activation component is increased by 5% to 10% in the second correction; if the total phosphorus removal rate is less than 50%, the iron salt ratio in the composite flocculant is increased by 10%; if the chemical oxygen demand decreases by less than 30%, the oxidation pre-control component is supplemented by 3% to 5%.

[0042] In some embodiments, each component of the pharmaceutical preparation is dried before mixing, with the moisture content controlled to be below 3%. The mixing process is carried out in a closed stirring device with a stirring speed of 30 to 60 revolutions per minute and a mixing time of 30 to 60 minutes to ensure that each component is evenly dispersed and does not react prematurely.

[0043] In some embodiments, the inorganic and organic components of the composite flocculation matrix are premixed separately before mixing. The inorganic component is first mixed with the modified diatomaceous earth in the synergistic carrier, and the organic component is blended with the slow-release skeleton. Then the two-phase mixture is combined to avoid direct contact between the polymer organic matter and the metal salt, which could lead to local cross-linking or precipitation.

[0044] In some embodiments, the microbial activating component is prepared into a dry powder by vacuum freeze-drying before being mixed with other components, with a live bacteria survival rate of not less than 90%. The ambient temperature is controlled below 25 degrees Celsius and the relative humidity is below 50% during mixing to prevent the bacteria from becoming inactive.

[0045] In some embodiments, the potassium persulfate complex salt and potassium ferrate in the oxidation pre-control component are respectively coated in a corn starch-grafted acrylamide slow-release skeleton before mixing, with a coating thickness of ten to thirty micrometers, in order to slow down the release rate of the oxidant and avoid oxidative inactivation with the microbial activation component during storage or initial addition.

[0046] In some embodiments, sodium thiosulfate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in the water quality response modifier are preloaded into the micropores of modified diatomaceous earth at a loading rate of 20% to 40%, so that they are gradually released under low temperature or heavy metal conditions to achieve an environmentally triggered response.

[0047] Thirdly, this application provides a river water quality conditioning system, including an online water quality monitoring unit, a central computing unit, a reagent preparation unit, and a segmented dosing unit; the online water quality monitoring unit collects ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and water temperature data in real time and transmits them to the central computing unit; the central computing unit has the above-mentioned proportioning algorithm model built in, and outputs the proportioning instructions of each group to the reagent preparation unit; the reagent preparation unit automatically weighs and mixes each component according to the instructions and prepares it into dry powder or granules; the segmented dosing unit triggers a second correction instruction 24 hours after the first dosing according to the dosing strategy of the central computing unit to complete the dosing of the remaining reagents.

[0048] In some embodiments, the reagent preparation unit is equipped with independent silos for storing composite flocculant matrix, microbial activation components, oxidation pre-control components, synergistic carriers and water quality response regulators respectively. The outlet of each silo is connected to a metering screw feeder with an accuracy error not exceeding ±0.5%.

[0049] In some implementations, the segmented dosing unit uses a drone or floating dosing device with GPS positioning and water flow direction sensing capabilities to ensure that the agent is evenly distributed across the river cross-section and that the dosing location avoids stagnant water areas and areas of strong turbulence.

[0050] The following describes embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially. Example

[0051] A city river experienced mild eutrophication in spring (water temperature 18 degrees Celsius). Tests showed: ammonia nitrogen concentration was 3.2 mg / L, total phosphorus concentration was 0.4 mg / L, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 65 mg / L. The calculated value R is 3.2 divided by 0.4, which equals 8, indicating a critical value.

[0052] Based on the basic proportioning model: The baseline amount of flocculant matrix = 35% + (65 - 50) × 0.3% = 39.5%; Microbial component baseline quantity = 10% + (3.2 - 2) × 1.5% = 11.8%; Oxidant safety threshold = 8% (incremental dose not initiated because total phosphorus ≤ 0.5%).

[0053] Water temperature 18 degrees Celsius, Kt=1.1, standard ratio used. R=8, no nitrogen-phosphorus imbalance adjustment triggered.

[0054] Final formulation: 39.5% composite flocculant, 11.8% microbial activating component, 8% oxidation pre-control component, 17.7% synergistic carrier, and 3% water quality response regulator.

[0055] Preparation of the reagent: Polyaluminum ferric chloride (70% of the inorganic portion of the flocculant matrix) was premixed with modified diatomaceous earth; cationic polyacrylamide (molecular weight 10 million) was mixed with corn starch-grafted acrylamide; compound bacterial strain dry powder (Bacillus subtilis: nitrifying bacteria: photosynthetic bacteria = 5:3:2) was mixed with activator (5% sodium citrate, 3.5% yeast powder); potassium persulfate compound salt and potassium ferrate were respectively coated on the slow-release skeleton; sodium thiosulfate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were loaded onto modified diatomaceous earth. All components were mixed in a closed mixer at 45 rpm for 45 minutes to prepare a dry powder.

[0056] After the initial 70% dosage, a retest was conducted 24 hours later: ammonia nitrogen decreased to 1.8 mg / L (removal rate 43.75%), total phosphorus decreased to 0.18 mg / L (removal rate 55%), and chemical oxygen demand decreased to 42 mg / L (decrease 35.4%). No further correction was required, and the remaining dosage was completed within 48 hours. Example

[0057] Following a summer rainstorm (water temperature 32 degrees Celsius), the river was impacted by non-point source pollution. Tests showed: ammonia nitrogen 5.0 mg / L, total phosphorus 1.2 mg / L, and chemical oxygen demand 120 mg / L. R = 5.0 / 1.2 ≈ 4.17, indicating phosphorus excess.

[0058] Basic proportions: Flocculation matrix = 35% + (120-50)×0.3% = 56%; Microbial composition = 10% + (5.0-2)×1.5% = 14.5%; Oxidizing agent = 8% + (1.2-0.5)×2% = 9.4%.

[0059] With a water temperature of 32 degrees Celsius and Kt = 0.85, the composite flocculant matrix increases by 15% → 56% × 1.15 ≈ 64.4%. The oxidation pre-control components remain unchanged (as they have already been calculated based on the load). Meanwhile, because R < 8, the iron salt ratio is increased by 15%.

[0060] Final formulation: 64.4% composite flocculant (with increased iron salt content), 14.5% microbial activation component, 9.4% oxidation pre-control component, 10.2% synergistic carrier, and 1.5% water quality response regulator.

[0061] The total phosphorus removal rate was only 42% after the first addition, so the iron salt ratio was increased by 10% and the oxidation pre-control components were added by 4% in the second correction. Example

[0062] In winter (water temperature 8 degrees Celsius), the river flow was slow. Tests showed: ammonia nitrogen 4.0 mg / L, total phosphorus 0.3 mg / L, and chemical oxygen demand 55 mg / L. R≈13.33, close to nitrogen excess.

[0063] Basic proportions: Flocculation matrix = 35% + (55-50)×0.3% = 36.5%; Microbial composition = 10% + (4.0-2)×1.5% = 13%; Oxidizing agent = 8%.

[0064] With a water temperature of 8 degrees Celsius and Kt=1.3, the overall increase of the microbial activation component is 30% → 13% × 1.3 ≈ 16.9%; the amount of activator is increased by 50% simultaneously.

[0065] Since R < 15, the nitrifying bacteria ratio is not adjusted.

[0066] Final formulation: 36.5% composite flocculant, 16.9% microbial activation component, 8% oxidation pre-control component, 19.1% synergistic carrier, and 9.5% water quality response regulator (with an increased proportion of sodium thiosulfate).

[0067] Twenty-four hours after the initial addition, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate was only 35%, so the second correction increased the microbial activation component by 8%.

[0068] Comparative Example 1 A fixed ratio of reagents was used: 60% polyaluminum ferric chloride, 5% cationic polyacrylamide, 15% Bacillus subtilis dry powder, 10% potassium persulfate compound salt, and 10% modified diatomaceous earth. Under the conditions described in Example 1, after 24 hours, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate was only 28%, the total phosphorus removal rate was 39%, the chemical oxygen demand decreased by 22%, and the sediment volume increased significantly.

[0069] Comparative Example 2 The reagent disclosed in CN112978882A (70% polyaluminum chloride, 20% coal-based activated carbon, 5% anionic PAM, and 5% potassium ferrate) was added under the conditions of Example 2. Due to the lack of microbial components, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate was less than 20%, and the potassium ferrate decomposed rapidly at high temperature, causing the dissolved oxygen to drop sharply to below 3 mg / L, which triggered stress in the fish.

[0070] The water quality effects and reagent performance after treatment in the above embodiments and comparative examples are compared, and the results are shown in the table below: project Specific surface area (square meters per gram) Pore ​​volume (cubic centimeters per gram) Percentage of pores with a diameter less than 20 nanometers (%) Percentage of pores with a diameter of 20 to 50 nanometers (%) Percentage of pores with a diameter greater than 50 nanometers (%) Example 1 285 0.42 32 58 10 Example 2 278 0.40 28 62 10 Example 3 292 0.44 35 55 10 Comparative Example 1 210 0.30 50 35 15 Comparative Example 2 195 0.28 55 30 15 Note: The parameters such as "specific surface area" and "pore volume" in the table above simulate the internal structural characteristics of the drug particles and are used to characterize the pore structure formed by the synergistic carrier and the composite flocculant matrix. The actual test was conducted using the nitrogen physical adsorption method.

Claims

1. A river water quality conditioning agent, characterized in that, The following components are included by weight percentage: Composite flocculant matrix: 35% to 65%; Microbial activating components: 10% to 30%; Oxidation pre-control components: 8% to 25%; Enhancement carrier: 5% to 20%; Water quality response regulator: 0.5% to 5%.

2. The river water quality conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite flocculant matrix consists of an inorganic component and an organic component. The inorganic component accounts for 60% to 80% of the total weight of the composite flocculant matrix and is selected from one or more combinations of polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, and polyaluminum ferric silicate. The organic component accounts for 20% to 40% of the total weight of the composite flocculant matrix and is selected from cationic polyacrylamide or chitosan derivatives with a degree of deacetylation greater than 85%. The molecular weight of the cationic polyacrylamide is 8 million to 12 million.

3. The river water quality conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial activation component comprises a compound bacterial strain dry powder mixture and an activator. The compound bacterial strain dry powder mixture is composed of Bacillus subtilis, nitrifying bacteria, and photosynthetic bacteria in a weight ratio of 5:3:

2. The viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 1 x 10^10 CFU per gram, the viable count of nitrifying bacteria is 2 x 10^9 CFU per gram, and the viable count of photosynthetic bacteria is 3 x 10^9 CFU per gram. The activator is composed of sodium citrate and yeast powder. The sodium citrate accounts for 3% to 8% of the total weight of the microbial activation component, and the yeast powder accounts for 2% to 5% of the total weight of the microbial activation component.

4. The river water quality conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxidation pre-control component consists of a primary oxidant, an auxiliary oxidant, and a buffer. The primary oxidant is potassium persulfate compound salt with an effective oxygen content of not less than 4.5%, accounting for 5% to 15% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component. The auxiliary oxidant is potassium ferrate with a purity of not less than 86%, accounting for 3% to 10% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component. The buffer is sodium bicarbonate, accounting for 1% to 5% of the total weight of the oxidation pre-control component.

5. The river water quality conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synergistic carrier consists of a microporous carrier and a sustained-release matrix. The microporous carrier is modified diatomaceous earth with a pore size of 50 to 200 nanometers, accounting for 3% to 12% of the total weight of the synergistic carrier. The sustained-release matrix is ​​corn starch-grafted acrylamide copolymer, accounting for 2% to 8% of the total weight of the synergistic carrier.

6. The river water quality conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality response regulator is composed of a temperature-responsive component, a pH-responsive component, and a heavy metal chelating component, wherein the temperature-responsive component is sodium thiosulfate. The pH-responsive component is a buffer pair consisting of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate; the heavy metal chelating component is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, accounting for 0.1% to 0.5% of the total weight of the water quality response regulator.

7. A method for proportioning river conditioning agents based on dynamic water quality response, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10: Collect water samples from the target river channel and test the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and water temperature in the water. S20: Calculate the nutrient ratio R according to the formula R equals ammonia nitrogen concentration divided by total phosphorus concentration, determine the type of nitrogen-phosphorus imbalance based on the R value, and determine the basic ratio model. S30: Select the temperature correction coefficient Kt according to the water temperature range, and combine it with the pollutant load coefficient Kc to dynamically adjust the proportion of each component; S40: Add 70% of the adjusted reagent for the first time, retest the water quality parameters 24 hours later, make a second correction based on the trend, and complete the supplementary addition of the remaining 30% within 48 hours.

8. The method for preparing river conditioning agents according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S20, when R is greater than 15:1, the proportion of nitrifying bacteria in the microbial activation component is increased by 20%; when R is less than 8:1, the proportion of ferric salt inorganic flocculant in the composite flocculation matrix is ​​increased by 15%, wherein the ferric salt inorganic flocculant is selected from polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate or polyaluminum ferric silicate.

9. The method for preparing river conditioning agents according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S30, the basic proportioning model adopts the following calculation rules: The baseline amount of flocculant is equal to 35% plus (chemical oxygen demand concentration minus 50%) multiplied by 0.3%. This increment is only used when the chemical oxygen demand concentration is greater than 50 mg / L. The baseline amount of microbial components is equal to 10% plus (ammonia nitrogen concentration minus 2) multiplied by 1.5%, where for every 2 mg / L increase in ammonia nitrogen concentration, an additional 1.5% of microbial activated components is added. The oxidant safety threshold is equal to 8% plus (total phosphorus concentration minus 0.5%) multiplied by 2%. The oxidant pre-control component increment is only activated when the total phosphorus concentration is greater than 0.5 mg / L.

10. The method for preparing river conditioning agents according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S30, the temperature correction factor Kt is applied according to the following rules: When the water temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, Kt takes the value of 1.

3. When the water temperature is between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius, Kt takes the value of 1.

1. When the water temperature is between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, Kt takes the value of 0.

9. When the water temperature is above 30 degrees Celsius, Kt takes the value of 0.85.