Wellhead installation method for perforation operation under original drilling machine condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a wellhead mounting method for perforation operation under the condition of an original drilling machine, which comprises the following steps of: arranging a drilling platform, hoisting equipment, mounting a wellhead quick butting device and butting a multi-stage perforation blowout prevention pipe, and the equipment hoisting comprises the steps of connecting a crane, connecting a small hook of the crane, roughly positioning the crane and finely positioning the crane. The method is simple, easy to operate, high in mechanization degree, safe, reliable and high in operation efficiency, and wellhead installation of perforation operation under the condition of an original drilling machine can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-stage perforation in oil and gas fields, specifically a wellhead installation method for perforation operations under existing drilling rig conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas well operations, multi-stage perforation / pumped perforation is an important part of the horizontal well staged fracturing process. It is a live cable operation. For well control purposes, wellhead equipment such as wellhead cable sealing devices should be installed before the operation. During the operation, blowout preventers need to be connected to the wellhead equipment. The installation of the wellhead equipment is crucial to the entire construction process.

[0003] For perforation operations, wellhead installation is typically carried out after drilling is completed and the entire drilling platform has been relocated. However, in reality, for some wellheads, considering the difficulty and cost of relocation, it is inconvenient to dismantle the drilling platform. In such cases, wellhead equipment installation and multi-stage perforation operations can only be performed without relocating the original drilling rig.

[0004] Existing drilling platforms typically consist of two layers: the lower layer is the well platform surface above the wellhead, and the upper layer is the second drilling platform. Due to the interference of the two platforms, conventional wellhead installation methods are not applicable, and it is impossible to directly hoist the wellhead equipment for multi-stage perforation to the wellhead for installation, which greatly increases the difficulty of installation and reduces safety and efficiency.

[0005] CN 201610183142.5 discloses a shale gas factory drilling construction method, which is a method of combining large and small drilling rigs to install, debug and start drilling multiple wells in sequence, so as to shorten the downtime of drilling equipment, improve equipment utilization efficiency, shorten the shale gas drilling construction cycle and reduce drilling costs.

[0006] CN202010364773.3 discloses a method for rapid tool string and wellhead replacement in pressurized bridge plug perforation operation. A pluggable wellhead device is connected between the wellhead and the cable blowout preventer (BOP). A hydraulic control system enables locking and unlocking of the female connector to the male connector. The hydraulic control system is remotely controlled to automatically connect and disconnect the cable BOP from the wellhead. The cable BOP and tool string are lifted near or away from the wellhead, and the tool string is raised and lowered while the cable BOP remains vertical for replacement. Essentially, this is a method for rapid tool string replacement.

[0007] KR20110029194A discloses a method for installing a large derrick on a drilling ship, reducing the time and manpower required to load the derrick onto the ship without dismantling a prefabricated derrick. The method for installing a large derrick on a drilling ship is as follows: With the derrick tilted at a predetermined angle, a lifting device is used to lift the derrick (S110). The lifted derrick is moved around a moon pool installed on the drilling ship (S120). A lower portion of the moving derrick is secured to the deck surrounding the moon pool (S130). After the derrick is erected, it is secured to the hull (S140). Essentially, this method loads the derrick onto the ship without dismantling the prefabricated derrick.

[0008] None of the three documents mentioned above solved the technical problem of wellhead installation during perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a simple, easy-to-operate, highly mechanized, safe, reliable, and efficient wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions.

[0010] Includes the following steps:

[0011] 1. Drilling Platform Preparation: Remove large equipment from the drilling platform surface and around the wellhead, remove the square tiles on the turntable of the drilling platform surface to expose the square tile holes located above the wellhead, and install a fracturing wellhead at the wellhead;

[0012] II. Equipment hoisting: including,

[0013] Connecting the gantry crane: After connecting the catcher to the top of the cable blowout preventer, use a crane to lift it to the front of the fracturing wellhead. Control the gantry crane at the bottom of the drilling platform to move it above the cable blowout preventer, lower the gantry crane, and connect the gantry crane and the lifting rings on both sides of the cable blowout preventer with lifting straps.

[0014] Connect the crane hook: Control the crane hook to pass through the square tile hole from top to bottom and lower it to the top of the cable blowout preventer, hook it onto the cap ring at the top of the catcher, and then release the crane hook;

[0015] Rough positioning with gantry crane: Lift the gantry crane to lift the cable blowout preventer and the catcher. After lifting the height to the point where the lower end of the cable blowout preventer exceeds the upper end of the fracturing wellhead, operate the gantry crane to move the cable blowout preventer and the catcher to the point of rough positioning above the fracturing wellhead. At this time, adjust the crane hook at any time to always keep the cap ring at the top of the catcher in a relaxed state.

[0016] Crane precision positioning: Raise the crane hook until the crane hook supports the cable blowout preventer and catcher, then release the gantry crane; remove the lifting strap between the gantry crane and the lifting rings on both sides of the cable blowout preventer, move the gantry crane away, control the crane hook to adjust the position of the cable blowout preventer, precisely position it with the fracturing wellhead, connect the cable blowout preventer to the fracturing wellhead, and detach the crane hook;

[0017] 3. Install the quick-connect device at the wellhead: Use a crane hook to lift the quick-connect device to the top of the drilling platform, and lower it from top to bottom through the square tile hole to the top of the catcher to complete the connection between the quick-connect device and the catcher. At the same time, install the hydraulic pipeline.

[0018] In step one, after installing the fracturing wellhead at the wellhead, it is necessary to level the ground around the fracturing wellhead or lay bridge plates around the fracturing wellhead.

[0019] In step two, before the equipment is hoisted, the vertical height A1 from the top surface of the fracturing wellhead to the ground and the vertical height A2 from the drilling platform surface to the ground are measured respectively. The following conditions should be met: vertical height A1 from the top surface of the fracturing wellhead to the ground + height L4 of the cable blowout preventer + height L5 of the catcher + height L6 of the quick-release device < vertical height A2 from the drilling platform surface to the ground.

[0020] In step two, before hoisting the equipment, the vertical height A3 from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform is measured. Based on the measurement data, the appropriate blowout preventer length, hoisting rope length, and crane are selected, which should meet the following requirements: the total length of the minimum distance L1 between the crane hook and the top of the lifting rod + hoisting rope length L2 + blowout preventer length L3 is less than the vertical height A3 from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform.

[0021] In step two, the total length of the minimum distance L1 between the crane hook and the top of the lifting rod, plus the length of the lifting rope L2 and the length of the blowout preventer L3, should be at least 2m less than the vertical height A3 from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform.

[0022] In step two, the inner diameter B1 of the square tile hole is measured. The inner diameter B1 of the square tile hole should be greater than the maximum outer diameter of the quick-release device and the blowout preventer.

[0023] In the rough positioning step of the gantry crane: first, hang the traction ropes on both sides of the cable blowout preventer, and then lift the cable blowout preventer and catcher under the guidance of the traction ropes.

[0024] Also includes:

[0025] IV. Multi-stage perforation blowout preventer docking: The crane hook lifts the blowout preventer while simultaneously raising the cable to retract the perforation gun string into the blowout preventer; the blowout preventer with the perforation gun is hoisted as a whole between the drilling platform and the second-level platform, and the blowout preventer is lowered through the square tile hole, and docking is completed through the quick-plug device.

[0026] In response to the problems in the background technology, the inventors, taking into account the specific circumstances of the original drilling rig, removed as much large equipment around the platform and wellhead as possible without dismantling the two-layer platform, in order to reduce interference. After removing the roof tiles above the turntable, the square tile hole located directly above the wellhead was exposed for hoisting.

[0027] To address the issue that the outer diameter of the cable blowout preventer and the catcher is larger than the square tile hole, making direct crane lifting impossible, a clever approach was taken to utilize the gantry crane built into the bottom of the drilling rig platform. First, the top of the cable blowout preventer was connected to the catcher and lifted by the crane to the front of the fracturing wellhead. Then, the catcher was lifted to the top of the fracturing wellhead for rough positioning (the gantry crane is not suitable for fine positioning). Finally, the small hook of the crane, which passes through the square tile hole, was used for fine positioning. This effectively solved the problem of lifting and installing large wellhead equipment under the original drilling rig conditions.

[0028] Furthermore, although hoisting can be carried out through the square tile opening on the drilling platform, the presence of the second drilling platform still limits the hoisting height of the crane. Therefore, it is preferable to measure the vertical height A1 from the upper end face of the fracturing wellhead to the ground, the vertical height A2 from the drilling platform to the ground, the vertical height A3 from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform, and the inner diameter B1 of the square tile opening before hoisting the equipment. By calculating the above data, appropriate equipment and hoisting auxiliary devices (such as hoisting ropes, cranes, etc.) can be selected to improve operational efficiency and reliability.

[0029] In summary, the method of the present invention is simple, has low operating costs, is easy to operate, requires little manual intervention, has a high degree of mechanization, is safe and reliable, and has high operating efficiency, enabling rapid installation of wellheads for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the wellhead after the fracturing process of this invention has been installed.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the state after the gantry crane and the crane hook are connected according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rough positioning of the overhead crane according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the crane's precise positioning according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation status of the quick docking device for the wellhead according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the crane hook lifting the blowout preventer pipe according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the docking state of the blowout preventer and the quick-connect device of the present invention.

[0037] Among them, 1-drilling platform face, 2-drilling second platform, 3-fractured wellhead, 4-cable blowout preventer, 5-catch device, 6-quick-plug device, 7-blowout preventer pipe, 8-square tile hole, 9-perforation gun string, 10-gantry crane, 11-crane, 11.1-crane small hook, 11.2-crane large hook, 12-bridge plate;

[0038] A1 - Vertical height from the top surface of the fracturing wellhead to the ground surface; A2 - Vertical height from the drilling platform surface to the ground surface; A3 - Vertical height from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform surface; B1 - Inner diameter of the square tile cavity.

[0039] L1 - Minimum distance between the crane hook and the top of the boom; L2 - Length of the lifting rope; L3 - Length of the blowout preventer; L4 - Height of the cable blowout preventer; L5 - Height of the catcher; L6 - Height of the quick-release device. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041] For example: After the transmission perforation operation was completed on wells TKC1-3H and TKC1-5H of Sinopec Northwest Bureau, the wellhead installation for multi-stage perforation was completed at the request of the client without dismantling the original drilling rig and while retaining the drilling platform.

[0042] Includes the following steps:

[0043] I. Drilling Platform Preparation: Remove large equipment from drilling platform face 1 and around the wellhead; remove the square tiles from the turntable of drilling platform face 1 to expose the square tile holes 8 above the wellhead; install the fracturing wellhead 3 at the wellhead; level the area around the fracturing wellhead 3 or lay bridge plates around the area around the fracturing wellhead 3 (bridge plates 12 were laid in this embodiment), see details below. Figure 1 .

[0044] II. Equipment hoisting:

[0045] Before hoisting the equipment, measure the vertical height A1 from the upper end face of the fracturing wellhead 3 to the ground, the vertical height A2 from the drilling platform surface 1 to the ground, the vertical height A3 from the drilling platform 2 to the drilling rig platform, and the inner diameter B1 of the square tile cavity. The following conditions must be met: Vertical height A1 from the upper end face of the fracturing wellhead 3 to the ground + height L4 of the cable blowout preventer 4 + height L5 of the catcher 5 + height L6 of the quick-release device 6 < vertical height A2 from the drilling platform surface 1 to the ground; Total length of the minimum distance L1 between the crane hook 11.2 and the top of the pull rod + length L2 of the hoisting rope + length L3 of the blowout preventer 7 < vertical height A3 from the drilling platform 2 to the drilling rig platform (preferably less than at least 2m); The inner diameter B1 of the square tile cavity 8 should be greater than the maximum outer diameter of the quick-release device 6 and the blowout preventer 7 (see...). Figure 7 ).

[0046] The hoisting process includes:

[0047] Connecting the overhead crane: After connecting the top of the cable blowout preventer 4 to the catcher 5, use the crane 11 to lift it to the front of the fracturing wellhead 3. Control the overhead crane 10 at the bottom of the drilling platform surface 1 to move it above the cable blowout preventer 4, lower the overhead crane 10, and connect the overhead crane 10 and the lifting rings on both sides of the cable blowout preventer 4 with the lifting strap.

[0048] Connecting the crane hook: Control the crane hook 11.1 to pass through the square tile hole 8 from top to bottom and lower it to the top of the cable blowout preventer 4, hooking it onto the cap ring at the top of the catcher 5, and then release the crane hook 11.1 (see...). Figure 2 );

[0049] Rough positioning with gantry crane: First, attach traction ropes to both sides of the blowout preventer 4, then lift the gantry crane 10. Guided by the traction ropes, lift the blowout preventer 4 and the catcher 5. After lifting to a height where the lower end of the blowout preventer 4 exceeds the upper end of the fracturing wellhead 3, operate the gantry crane 10 to move the blowout preventer 4 and the catcher 5 to a position above the fracturing wellhead 3 for rough positioning. At this time, adjust the crane hook 11.1 as needed to always keep the cap ring at the top of the catcher 5 in a relaxed state (see...). Figure 3 );

[0050] Crane Precision Positioning: Raise the crane hook 11.1 until it supports the cable blowout preventer 4 and the catcher 5, then release the gantry crane 10; the operator goes onto the scaffolding platform, manually removes the lifting straps between the gantry crane 10 and the two lifting rings of the cable blowout preventer 4, moves the gantry crane 10 away, and directs the crane hook 11.1 to precisely adjust the position of the cable blowout preventer 4, precisely positioning it with the fracturing wellhead 3, aligning the cable blowout preventer 4 with the fracturing wellhead 3, and disengaging the crane hook 11.1 (see...). Figure 4 );

[0051] III. Installation of the quick-connect device at the wellhead: Use the crane hook 11.1 to lift the quick-connect device 6 to above the drilling platform surface 1, and lower it from top to bottom through the square tile hole 8 to above the catcher 5. Operators on scaffolding assist in quickly connecting the quick-connect device 6 to the catcher 5, while simultaneously installing the hydraulic lines (see...). Figure 5 ).

[0052] IV. Connection of Multi-Stage Perforation Blowout Preventers: The crane hook 11.2 lifts the blowout preventer 7, simultaneously raising the cable to retract the perforation gun string 9 into the blowout preventer 7 (see...). Figure 6 The blowout preventer (BOP) 7, equipped with the perforation gun string 9, is hoisted as a whole between the drilling platform surface 1 and the second-level platform 1. The BOP 7 is then lowered through the square tile hole 8 and connected using the quick-release device 6. This completes the wellhead installation process for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions (see...). Figure 7 ).

Claims

1. A wellhead installation method for perforation operations under original drilling rig conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps:

1. Drilling Platform Preparation: Remove large equipment from the drilling platform surface and around the wellhead, remove the square tiles on the turntable of the drilling platform surface to expose the square tile holes located above the wellhead, and install a fracturing wellhead at the wellhead; II. Equipment hoisting: include, Connecting the gantry crane: After connecting the catcher to the top of the cable blowout preventer, use a crane to lift it to the front of the fracturing wellhead. Control the gantry crane at the bottom of the drilling platform to move it above the cable blowout preventer, lower the gantry crane, and connect the gantry crane and the lifting rings on both sides of the cable blowout preventer with lifting straps. Connect the crane hook: Control the crane hook to pass through the square tile hole from top to bottom and lower it to the top of the cable blowout preventer, hook it onto the cap ring at the top of the catcher, and then release the crane hook; Rough positioning with gantry crane: Lift the gantry crane to lift the cable blowout preventer and the catcher. After lifting the height to the point where the lower end of the cable blowout preventer exceeds the upper end of the fracturing wellhead, operate the gantry crane to move the cable blowout preventer and the catcher to the point of rough positioning above the fracturing wellhead. At this time, adjust the crane hook at any time to always keep the cap ring at the top of the catcher in a relaxed state. Crane precision positioning: Raise the crane hook until the crane hook supports the cable blowout preventer and catcher, then release the gantry crane; remove the lifting strap between the gantry crane and the lifting rings on both sides of the cable blowout preventer, move the gantry crane away, control the crane hook to adjust the position of the cable blowout preventer, precisely position it with the fracturing wellhead, connect the cable blowout preventer to the fracturing wellhead, and detach the crane hook; 3. Install the quick-connect device at the wellhead: Use a crane hook to lift the quick-connect device to the top of the drilling platform, and lower it from top to bottom through the square tile hole to the top of the catcher to complete the connection between the quick-connect device and the catcher. At the same time, install the hydraulic pipeline.

2. The wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, after installing the fracturing wellhead at the wellhead, it is necessary to level the ground around the fracturing wellhead or lay bridge plates around the fracturing wellhead.

3. The wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, before the equipment is hoisted, the vertical height A1 from the top surface of the fracturing wellhead to the ground and the vertical height A2 from the drilling platform surface to the ground are measured respectively. The following conditions should be met: vertical height A1 from the top surface of the fracturing wellhead to the ground + height L4 of the cable blowout preventer + height L5 of the catcher + height L6 of the quick-release device < vertical height A2 from the drilling platform surface to the ground.

4. The wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, before hoisting the equipment, the vertical height A3 from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform is measured. Based on the measurement data, the appropriate blowout preventer length, hoisting rope length, and crane are selected, which should meet the following requirements: the total length of the minimum distance L1 between the crane hook and the top of the lifting rod + hoisting rope length L2 + blowout preventer length L3 is less than the vertical height A3 from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform.

5. The wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the total length of the minimum distance L1 between the crane hook and the top of the lifting rod, plus the length of the lifting rope L2 and the length of the blowout preventer L3, should be at least 2m less than the vertical height A3 from the second drilling platform to the drilling rig platform.

6. The wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the inner diameter B1 of the square tile hole is measured. The inner diameter B1 of the square tile hole should be greater than the maximum outer diameter of the quick-release device and the blowout preventer.

7. The wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rough positioning steps for the overhead crane are as follows: First, hang the traction ropes on both sides of the cable blowout preventer, and then lift the cable blowout preventer and catcher under the guidance of the traction ropes.

8. The wellhead installation method for perforation operations under the original drilling rig conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: IV. Multi-stage perforation blowout preventer docking: The crane hook lifts the blowout preventer while simultaneously raising the cable to retract the perforation gun string into the blowout preventer; the blowout preventer with the perforation gun string is hoisted as a whole between the drilling platform and the second-level platform, and the blowout preventer is lowered through the square tile hole, and docking is completed through the quick-connect device.

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