Tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control treatment system and method
By combining an ice maker and a flake ice conveyor with a secondary cooling system for tiered temperature control, the problem of poor geothermal water cooling effect was solved, achieving efficient and stable geothermal water treatment and ambient temperature control.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the cooling effect during the geothermal water diversion and discharge process is poor, making it difficult to stably treat the water to meet environmental emission standards. Furthermore, the ice cooling method results in wasted cooling capacity and unstable ambient temperature.
Ice flakes are produced using an ice-making machine and transported by an ice flake transporter to a temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station to mix with geothermal water. Combined with a secondary cooling system, the geothermal water is subjected to tiered temperature control, including primary and secondary cooling, using the mixture of ice flakes and cold water to cool the geothermal water to meet the standards.
Stable and compliant discharge of geothermal water has been achieved, cooling efficiency has been improved, equipment energy consumption and cold energy waste have been reduced, and the stability of the tunnel's ambient temperature has been maintained.
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Figure CN122040296A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel temperature control technology, and in particular to a tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system and method. Background Technology
[0002] During the construction of long, deep-buried tunnels, crossing areas with high geothermal anomalies is becoming increasingly common. During tunnel excavation, the outflow of geothermal water is one of the main forms of heat hazard, with water temperatures often reaching 40-60℃ or even higher. The presence of high-temperature geothermal water not only severely deteriorates the working environment, affecting the health and work efficiency of construction workers, but also poses a threat to construction machinery, blasting operations, and the quality of the lining concrete.
[0003] In related technologies, grouting to plug water, drainage, and cooling are commonly used to treat geothermal water in tunnels. Cooling measures typically involve using ice blocks and draining the geothermal water outside the tunnel via pipes. However, the drained geothermal water needs to be treated to meet environmental discharge standards, and these technologies struggle to maintain stable treatment to these standards while continuously improving the working environment. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The embodiments of this application disclose a cascade temperature control system and method for geothermal water in tunnels, in order to solve the technical problem in the related art that the cooling effect during the geothermal water diversion and discharge process is poor and that geothermal water cannot be stably treated to meet environmental emission standards.
[0005] To address the above problems, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system, applied to a tunnel. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system includes an ice maker and a flake ice conveyor. The ice maker is used to make ice and feed flake ice into the flake ice conveyor. The outlet of the ice maker is connected to the inlet of the flake ice conveyor. A movable temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station is provided at the tunnel face. The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station is used to extract the tunnel geothermal water and discharge it from the tunnel. The outlet of the flake ice conveyor is connected to the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station. The tunnel entrance is equipped with a secondary cooling system, and the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station is connected to the secondary cooling system through an insulated drainage pipe.
[0006] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station includes a mobile platform, on which is equipped an insulated water collection tank. One end of the insulated water collection tank is connected to the geothermal water in the tunnel, and the other end of the insulated water collection tank is connected to an insulated drainage pipe. The insulated water collection tank is equipped with a stirring device, which is used to stir the water inside the insulated water collection tank. The outlet of the flake ice conveyor is connected to the insulated water collection tank.
[0007] Furthermore, a flake ice storage area is provided at the exit of the flake ice conveyor, and a weighing mechanism is provided between the flake ice storage area and the insulated water collection tank. The flake ice storage area is used to feed flake ice into the weighing mechanism, and the weighing mechanism is used to weigh the flake ice and put it into the insulated water collection tank.
[0008] Furthermore, the secondary cooling system includes a tunnel entrance mixer and a secondary cooling drain pipe. One end of the tunnel entrance mixer is connected to the insulated drain pipe, and the other end of the tunnel entrance mixer is connected to a cold water tank. The tunnel entrance mixer is used to mix the cold water in the cold water tank and the geothermal water in the insulated drain pipe and discharge it through the secondary cooling drain pipe.
[0009] Furthermore, one end of the cold water pool is connected to a refrigeration unit, and the other end of the cold water pool is connected to a cooling water pipe, which in turn connects to the mixer at the entrance of the tunnel.
[0010] Furthermore, the insulated drainage pipes and cooling water pipes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the mixer at the tunnel entrance.
[0011] Furthermore, the tunnel entrance mixer includes a regulating water tank, which is connected to a cold water pool, an insulated drainage pipe, and a secondary cooling drainage pipe. A stirring motor is installed on the regulating water tank, which is used to stir within the regulating water tank.
[0012] Furthermore, the regulating water tank includes a first part and a second part. The first part is connected to the cold water pool and the heat preservation drain pipe, respectively. The second part is connected to the secondary cooling drain pipe. The stirring motor is used for stirring in the first part. A cold water solenoid valve is provided between the first part and the cold water pool. A drain solenoid valve is provided between the first part and the second part.
[0013] Furthermore, the flake ice conveyor is suspended on the side wall of the tunnel and is used for belt transport of flake ice.
[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for cascade temperature control of geothermal water in tunnels, which employs the tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system of the first aspect to perform the following steps: S1: The ice maker continuously produces flake ice and feeds it into the flake ice conveyor; S2: The flake ice transporter delivers flake ice to the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station; S3: The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station extracts geothermal water from the tunnel and mixes it with flake ice to obtain primary mixed geothermal water; S4: Discharge the primary mixed geothermal water to the secondary cooling system through the insulated drainage pipe; S5: In the secondary cooling system, the primary mixed geothermal water and cooling water are mixed to obtain secondary mixed geothermal water; S6: Adjust the cooling water injection volume until the secondary mixed geothermal water meets the discharge standards, then discharge the secondary mixed geothermal water.
[0015] The technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application can achieve the following beneficial effects: In the embodiments of this application, an ice maker produces flake ice and transports it to the tunnel face via a flake ice transporter. At the tunnel face, a temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station mixes the flake ice and geothermal water to cool the geothermal water. At the tunnel entrance, cold water is mixed in again to cool the geothermal water a second time, thus achieving the standard discharge of the geothermal water.
[0016] Related technologies typically involve cooling geothermal water once, and the use of ice to cool the environment wastes the cold energy of the ice, resulting in unstable ambient temperatures.
[0017] The embodiments of this application employ a gradient cooling process for geothermal water through a primary cooling with flake ice and a secondary cooling with cold water. This provides sufficient time for heat exchange in the geothermal water, thus preventing low sustainability of the cooling operation due to large discharge volumes. The gradient cooling process, achieved through these two cooling stages, effectively enhances the cooling efficiency of the geothermal water, ensuring stable and compliant discharge without increasing equipment power consumption.
[0018] Based on this, the embodiments of this application, by setting up an ice maker and utilizing the transport of flake ice by a flake ice transport machine, enable the flake ice to lower the ambient temperature before being sent to the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station, and to cool the geothermal water after being sent to the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station, thereby ensuring the full utilization of the flake ice's cooling capacity and avoiding the waste of the flake ice's cooling capacity. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ice maker and flake ice conveyor disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary cooling system disclosed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6This is a flowchart of a method for cascade temperature control of geothermal water in tunnels, as disclosed in an embodiment of this application.
[0021] In the picture: 100. Cave entrance; 200. Secondary cooling system; 210. Cold water tank; 211. Cooling water pipe; 220. Agitator at the tunnel entrance; 221. Agitator motor; 222. Second water temperature sensor; 223. Drain solenoid valve; 224. Regulating water tank; 225. Cold water solenoid valve; 230. Refrigeration unit; 300. Secondary cooling drain pipe; 400. Ice maker; 500, flake ice transport aircraft; 600. Temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station; 610. Mobile platform; 620. Insulated water collection tank; 630. Stirring device; 640. Weighing mechanism; 650. Flake ice storage; 660. First water temperature sensor; 700. Geothermal water inlet pipe; 800. Cave body; 810. Working face; 900. Insulated drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0024] When encountering geothermal water during tunnel excavation, it is usually treated by extracting and discharging it. However, the temperature of geothermal water in tunnels often reaches 40℃~60℃, and direct discharge would cause significant environmental damage. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the geothermal water before discharging it.
[0025] Related technologies typically employ a single-stage cooling method for geothermal water. This involves introducing the geothermal water into a cooling device to refrigerate it, and then discharging the cooled geothermal water through pipes. However, in practice, the temperature of the geothermal water discharged into the environment often remains too high, causing environmental damage.
[0026] Through research, the inventors discovered that this is because the large discharge volume of geothermal water makes it difficult for cooling devices to continuously reduce the geothermal water to a temperature that meets emission standards while maintaining a high discharge volume. Related technologies require cooling devices with higher energy consumption and larger processing capacity to continuously and effectively treat the geothermal water.
[0027] In view of this, the following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 6 This application provides a detailed description of a tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system and method through specific embodiments and application scenarios.
[0028] The embodiments of this application provide a cascade temperature control system for geothermal water in tunnels, which is applied to tunnels.
[0029] In some embodiments of this application, due to the presence of geothermal water in the tunnel, the ambient temperature inside the tunnel body 800 is relatively high. To maintain the ambient temperature within a controllable range, related technologies typically use ice to lower the temperature. However, melting ice will cause water accumulation inside the tunnel body 800, increasing the drainage pressure. Furthermore, the ice's durability is poor, leading to significant fluctuations in the ambient temperature inside the tunnel body 800. Therefore, please refer to... Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the application incorporates an ice maker 400 and a flake ice conveyor 500 within a tunnel geothermal cascade temperature control system. The ice maker 400 produces ice and feeds it to the flake ice conveyor 500. The outlet of the ice maker 400 is connected to the inlet of the flake ice conveyor 500. By continuously supplying flake ice to the flake ice conveyor 500 from the ice maker 400, the flake ice undergoes continuous heat exchange with the environment during its transport on the flake ice conveyor 500, thereby achieving the purpose of lowering the ambient temperature.
[0030] A movable temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 is installed at the tunnel face 810. The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 can move its position as the tunnel face 810 is excavated. The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 is used to extract geothermal water from the tunnel and discharge it out of the tunnel. The geothermal water in the tunnel is effectively discharged to the outside of the tunnel through the extraction of the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600.
[0031] Because the flake ice is continuously transported on the flake ice conveyor 500, it will not completely melt when it reaches the working face 810. If the flake ice is left unattended at this point, its cooling capacity will be wasted. In this embodiment, the outlet of the flake ice conveyor 500 is connected to a temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600. The remaining flake ice is mixed with the tunnel geothermal water in the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600, thereby achieving the first cooling operation of the tunnel geothermal water. The degree of temperature reduction of the tunnel geothermal water is related to the amount of flake ice fed into the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600.
[0032] The difficulty of further cooling the tunnel geothermal water after it has been cooled by flake ice is significantly reduced. A secondary cooling system 200 is installed at the tunnel entrance 100, and the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 is connected to the secondary cooling system 200 via an insulated drainage pipe 900. The tunnel geothermal water, after its first cooling, is discharged into the secondary cooling system 200 via the insulated drainage pipe 900. After the secondary cooling operation in the secondary cooling system 200, the tunnel geothermal water can be effectively discharged in compliance with standards. When flake ice and tunnel geothermal water are mixed for the first cooling of the tunnel geothermal water, the cooling energy that would otherwise be wasted by the flake ice is utilized in the cooling process of the tunnel geothermal water, effectively reducing the system energy consumption for the tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system. Furthermore, the difficulty of further cooling the tunnel geothermal water after its first cooling is significantly reduced, so the secondary cooling system 200 does not require high-power equipment, effectively reducing the configuration complexity of the secondary cooling system 200. Therefore, by using flake ice and a secondary cooling system 200, a tiered cooling system for the geothermal water in the tunnel can be effectively established. This not only reduces the difficulty of cooling the geothermal water but also effectively improves the compliance rate of the discharged geothermal water, thus ensuring environmental safety while guaranteeing the efficiency of cooling the geothermal water in the tunnel.
[0033] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, since the flake ice is used for environmental cooling in the tunnel body 800 during transportation, and is consumed at the tunnel face 810 by mixing with the tunnel's geothermal water, the heat exchange rate between the flake ice and the environment within the tunnel body 800 can be stably maintained within a certain range, thus ensuring that the ambient temperature within the tunnel body 800 does not fluctuate significantly. Furthermore, the flake ice, after mixing with the tunnel's geothermal water, is discharged through the insulated drainage pipe 900, which also reduces the drainage pressure of accumulated water within the tunnel body 800. The insulated drainage pipe 900 uses a steel pipe with a composite structure consisting of an inner PE corrosion-resistant layer, a middle polyurethane insulation layer, and an outer HDPE sheath, effectively reducing temperature rise during transportation.
[0034] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 2As shown, the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 includes a mobile platform 610. The mobile platform 610 effectively allows the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 to change its position as the tunnel is excavated, enabling it to continuously approach the tunnel face 810. The mobile platform 610 is equipped with an insulated water collection tank 620. One end of the insulated water collection tank 620 is connected to the geothermal water in the tunnel, and the other end is connected to an insulated drainage pipe 900. A geothermal water inlet pipe 700 is inserted into the tunnel face 810. The geothermal water inlet pipe 700 is pumped into the insulated water collection tank 620, where it mixes with flake ice. The mixed geothermal water is then discharged into the secondary cooling system 200 through the insulated drainage pipe 900. The temperature-controlled water collection pumping station 600 draws geothermal water into the insulated water collection tank 620 via a water pump.
[0035] Since the outlet of the flake ice conveyor 500 is connected to the insulated water collection tank 620, the flake ice is added to the insulated water collection tank 620 in a solid state. However, the drainage volume of the geothermal water is relatively large, so the geothermal water stays in the insulated water collection tank 620 for a limited time. Therefore, this embodiment of the application includes a stirring device 630 on the insulated water collection tank 620. The stirring device 630 is used to stir the water within the insulated water collection tank 620. The stirring process improves the heat exchange rate, thereby minimizing the temperature of the geothermal water discharged into the insulated external water pipe.
[0036] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, a flake ice storage 650 is provided at the outlet of the flake ice conveyor 500 for storing flake ice. Since the amount of flake ice fed into the flake ice conveyor 500 per unit time is constant, a weighing mechanism 640 is provided between the flake ice storage 650 and the insulated water collection tank 620. Feeding the flake ice into the insulated water collection tank 620 at an appropriate weight avoids both excessive consumption leading to flake ice shortages and insufficient flake ice feeding, which would prevent the first cooling of the geothermal water from hindering the reduction of the difficulty of the second cooling. Therefore, in this embodiment, the flake ice storage 650 is used to feed flake ice into the weighing mechanism 640, and the weighing mechanism 640 is used to weigh the flake ice and feed it into the insulated water collection tank 620. This ensures that the flake ice fed into the insulated water collection tank 620 effectively cools the geothermal water while maintaining a sustainable supply.
[0037] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5As shown, the secondary cooling system 200 includes a tunnel mixer 220 and a secondary cooling drain pipe 300. One end of the tunnel mixer 220 is connected to the insulated drain pipe 900, and the other end is connected to a cold water tank 210. The tunnel mixer 220 is used to mix the cold water in the cold water tank 210 and the geothermal water in the insulated drain pipe 900, and then discharges the mixture through the secondary cooling drain pipe 300. In the tunnel mixer 220, the cold water in the cold water tank 210 and the geothermal water in the insulated drain pipe 900 are mixed. During the mixing process, the mixing accelerates the heat exchange between the cold water and the geothermal water, thereby allowing the geothermal water to quickly reach the target temperature. After the geothermal water reaches the target temperature, the qualified mixed water is discharged through the secondary cooling drain pipe 300.
[0038] In some embodiments of this application, one end of the cold water tank 210 is connected to a refrigeration unit 230, and the other end of the cold water tank 210 is connected to a cooling water pipe 211, which in turn connects to a hole-end mixer 220. The refrigeration unit 230 is used to obtain water and, after cooling, deliver it to the cold water tank 210, so the cold water in the cold water tank 210 is continuously supplied by the refrigeration unit 230. The cooling water pipe 211 of the cold water tank 210 delivers the cold water to the hole-end mixer 220.
[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the insulated drainage pipe 900 and the cooling water pipe 211 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel mixer 220. When the insulated drainage pipe 900 and the cooling water pipe 211 are symmetrically distributed, the geothermal water supplied by the insulated drainage pipe 900 to the tunnel mixer 220 and the cold water supplied by the cooling water pipe 211 to the tunnel mixer 220 will not interfere with each other at the inlet. Furthermore, the symmetrical distribution of the insulated drainage pipe 900 and the cooling water pipe 211 also facilitates the mixing of geothermal water and cold water, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.
[0040] For example, when geothermal water and cold water enter the tunnel mixer 220, the geothermal water and cold water will impact each other, thereby forming an effective mixture of geothermal water and cold water, which can make the mixing efficiency of geothermal water and cold water in the tunnel mixer 220 higher.
[0041] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to... Figure 5 As shown, the geothermal mixer 220 includes a regulating water tank 224, which is connected to a cold water pool 210, an insulated drainage pipe 900, and a secondary cooling drainage pipe 300. The geothermal water and cold water are mixed in the regulating water tank 224 to meet discharge standards and are then discharged from the secondary cooling drainage pipe 300. A stirring motor 221 is installed on the regulating water tank 224 to stir the water within it. The stirring by the motor 221 effectively accelerates the mixing speed of the geothermal water and cold water in the regulating water tank 224, thus allowing the secondary mixed geothermal water to meet discharge standards more quickly.
[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the regulating water tank 224 includes a first part and a second part, which are relatively independent. The first part is connected to the cold water pool 210 and the insulated drain pipe 900, respectively, and the second part is connected to the secondary cooling drain pipe 300. Geothermal water and cold water are mixed in the first part. A stirring motor 221 is used to stir the water in the first part. The stirring by the stirring motor 221 enables the geothermal water and cold water to be mixed more quickly in the first part.
[0043] A cold water solenoid valve 225 is installed between the first section and the cold water tank 210. This valve controls the flow rate of cold water entering the first section, ensuring the geothermal water receives sufficient cooling to lower the temperature of the secondary mixed geothermal water to within the discharge standards. A drain solenoid valve 223 is installed between the first and second sections. After the geothermal and cold water are mixed in the first section, the mixture is discharged into the second section through the drain solenoid valve 223, and then discharged through the secondary cooling drain pipe 300. The independence of the first and second sections prevents the secondary cooling drain pipe 300 from discharging substandard secondary mixed geothermal water.
[0044] For some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the flake ice conveyor 500 is suspended on the side wall of the tunnel body 800, and is used for belt conveying of flake ice. The suspension of the flake ice conveyor 500 allows for heat exchange between the ambient temperature at higher levels within the tunnel body 800 and the flake ice. The air at higher levels cools and sinks after heat exchange, exchanging heat with the warmer air at lower levels, and the two elements are mutually replaced. Therefore, the suspension of the flake ice conveyor 500 effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency between the flake ice and the environment within the tunnel body 800, thereby better controlling the ambient temperature within the tunnel body 800.
[0045] Please see Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a method for cascade temperature control of geothermal water in tunnels in a second aspect, which uses the tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system of the first aspect to perform the following steps: S1: Ice maker 400 continuously produces flake ice and feeds it into flake ice conveyor 500; flake ice conveyor 500 can effectively receive the flake ice produced by ice maker 400 and continuously transport it towards working face 810.
[0046] S2: Flake ice transporter 500 transports flake ice to temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600; and stores the flake ice in temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600.
[0047] S3: The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 extracts geothermal water from the tunnel and mixes it with flake ice to obtain primary mixed geothermal water. A first water temperature sensor 660 is installed inside the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600 to measure the temperature of the primary mixed geothermal water. The amount of flake ice added is adjusted according to the actual temperature of the primary mixed geothermal water, thereby minimizing the temperature of the primary mixed geothermal water while ensuring a continuous supply of flake ice.
[0048] S4: The primary mixed geothermal water is discharged to the secondary cooling system 200 through the insulated drainage pipe 900; because the geothermal water has already reduced its temperature by mixing with flake ice, the difficulty of cooling the primary mixed geothermal water in the secondary cooling system 200 is controlled.
[0049] S5: In the secondary cooling system 200, the primary mixed geothermal water and cooling water are mixed to obtain secondary mixed geothermal water; by mixing with cold water, the temperature of the primary mixed geothermal water is further reduced to form secondary mixed geothermal water. A second water temperature sensor 222 is installed in the secondary cooling system 200 to monitor the temperature of the secondary mixed geothermal water, and to adjust the injection volume of cooling water to ensure that the temperature of the secondary mixed geothermal water meets the discharge standards.
[0050] S6: Adjust the cooling water injection rate until the secondary mixed geothermal water meets the discharge standards, then discharge the secondary mixed geothermal water. Once the secondary mixed geothermal water meets the discharge standards, it can be discharged through the secondary cooling drain pipe 300.
[0051] For example, the geothermal water temperature in this embodiment is relatively high and should not be directly discharged. A primary cooling target is set at the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station 600. By controlling the amount of flake ice added and mixing it with the geothermal water, the temperature of the primary mixed geothermal water is lowered to achieve the primary cooling target. After the primary mixed geothermal water is discharged into the secondary cooling system 200 through an insulated drainage pipe, the amount of cold water injected is controlled to ensure that the secondary mixed geothermal water meets the discharge standards. Once the secondary mixed geothermal water meets the standards, it is discharged.
[0052] In the embodiments of this application, the geothermal water can stably meet emission standards through primary cooling with flake ice and secondary cooling with cold water. Furthermore, because the mixing process is repeated twice, the heat exchange efficiency does not need to be excessively high to achieve cooling. The embodiments of this application effectively reduce equipment requirements and the overall energy consumption of the cooling process. It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.
[0053] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
[0054] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A cascaded temperature control system for geothermal water in tunnels, applied in tunnels, characterized in that, The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system includes an ice maker (400) and a flake ice conveyor (500). The ice maker (400) is used to make ice and feed flake ice into the flake ice conveyor (500). The outlet of the ice maker (400) is connected to the inlet of the flake ice conveyor (500). A movable temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station (600) is provided at the tunnel face (810). The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station (600) is used to extract the geothermal water from the tunnel and discharge it from the tunnel. The outlet of the flake ice conveyor (500) is connected to the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station (600). The tunnel entrance (100) is equipped with a secondary cooling system (200), and the temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station (600) is connected to the secondary cooling system (200) through an insulated drainage pipe (900).
2. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station (600) includes a mobile platform (610), on which an insulated water collection tank (620) is mounted. One end of the insulated water collection tank (620) is connected to the geothermal water of the tunnel, and the other end of the insulated water collection tank (620) is connected to the insulated drainage pipe (900). The insulated water collection tank (620) is equipped with a stirring device (630), which is used to stir in the insulated water collection tank (620). The outlet of the flake ice conveyor (500) is connected to the insulated water collection tank (620).
3. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A flake ice storage (650) is provided at the outlet of the flake ice conveyor (500). A weighing mechanism (640) is provided between the flake ice storage (650) and the insulated water collection tank (620). The flake ice storage (650) is used to feed flake ice into the weighing mechanism (640), and the weighing mechanism (640) is used to weigh the flake ice and put it into the insulated water collection tank (620).
4. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The secondary cooling system (200) includes a tunnel entrance mixer (220) and a secondary cooling drain pipe (300). One end of the tunnel entrance mixer (220) is connected to the insulated drain pipe (900), and the other end of the tunnel entrance mixer (220) is connected to a cold water pool (210). The tunnel entrance mixer (220) is used to mix the cold water in the cold water pool (210) and the geothermal water in the insulated drain pipe (900) and discharge them through the secondary cooling drain pipe (300).
5. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the cold water pool (210) is connected to a refrigeration unit (230), and the other end of the cold water pool (210) is connected to a cooling water pipe (211), which is connected to the hole-mouth mixer (220).
6. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat-insulated drainage pipe (900) and the cooling water pipe (211) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the hole-mouth mixer (220).
7. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hole-mouth mixer (220) includes a regulating water tank (224), which is connected to the cold water pool (210), the heat-insulated drainage pipe (900) and the secondary cooling drainage pipe (300). A stirring motor (221) is installed on the regulating water tank (224), which is used for stirring in the regulating water tank (224).
8. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The regulating water tank (224) includes a first part and a second part. The first part is connected to the cold water pool (210) and the heat-insulated drain pipe (900) respectively. The second part is connected to the secondary cooling drain pipe (300). The stirring motor (221) is used to stir in the first part. A cold water solenoid valve (225) is provided between the first part and the cold water pool (210). A drain solenoid valve (223) is provided between the first part and the second part.
9. The tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The flake ice conveyor (500) is suspended on the side wall of the tunnel body (800) and is used for belt conveying of flake ice.
10. A method for cascaded temperature control of geothermal water in tunnels, characterized in that, The following steps are performed using the tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9: S1: Ice maker (400) continuously produces flake ice and feeds it into flake ice conveyor (500). S2: Flake ice transporter (500) transports flake ice to temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station (600); S3: The temperature-controlled water collection and pumping station (600) extracts geothermal water from the tunnel and mixes it with the flake ice to obtain primary mixed geothermal water; S4: The primary mixed geothermal water is discharged to the secondary cooling system (200) through the insulated drainage pipe (900). S5: The primary mixed geothermal water and cooling water are mixed in the secondary cooling system (200) to obtain secondary mixed geothermal water; S6: Adjust the cooling water injection volume until the secondary mixed geothermal water meets the discharge standard, then discharge the secondary mixed geothermal water.