Large-field-angle high-uniformity augmented reality optical system

Abstract

The invention provides a large-view-field-angle high-uniformity augmented reality optical system, which optimizes the main light incident angle at a key surface by adjusting the surface type of an optical element and the light reflection position, so as to ensure that the system has higher relative illumination in a full-view-field range under the condition of a large view field angle, and improve the uniformity of the large-view-field-angle high-uniformity augmented reality optical system. Therefore, the whole picture has good uniformity. And meanwhile, the freedom degree is optimized by using each surface, various aberrations are mutually compensated, various performances of the whole view field are balanced, and the system is ensured to have good optical performance under the condition of a large view field angle. Different virtual image distances are achieved by moving the optical assembly, so that the wearing requirements of people with different diopters are met, and the excellent augmented reality display effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of near-eye display technology, specifically relating to a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system. Background Technology

[0002] Augmented reality optical systems, while displaying the desired virtual image, also allow wearers to simultaneously access real-world environmental information. Currently, there are two main technological approaches: micro-optical engines combined with waveguides and geometric optics solutions. The micro-optical engine-waveguide solution suffers from poor image display and low color fidelity. In the geometric optics approach, the Birdbath scheme's field of view and system size are mutually constrained, making it difficult to achieve a balance. However, the geometric optics prism solution uses prisms to fold the light path, achieving a large field of view while reducing system size.

[0003] Although current geometric prism solutions can achieve short focal lengths, they struggle to guarantee relative illumination at the edges of the field of view for systems with large field of view, especially in areas exceeding 50°. The angle of incidence increases dramatically at the four corners of the image plane, leading to a sharp decrease in relative illumination at these corners. This reduces overall image uniformity, resulting in vignetting and negatively impacting image quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system, which aims to ensure high uniformity of the overall image while having better imaging performance across the entire field of view.

[0005] This invention provides a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system, including a display module for emitting an image beam and an optical transmission component for transmitting the image beam to the system's exit pupil position. The optical transmission component includes a lens component, a prism component, a curved mirror component, and a compensation mirror component. The lens assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display module and is used to shape the image beam emitted by the display module; The prism assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the lens assembly. The prism assembly has an incident surface, at least two internal reflecting surfaces for folding the optical path, and an exit surface for the light beam to exit. The image beam shaped by the lens assembly enters the prism assembly through the incident surface and is reflected sequentially by the at least two internal reflecting surfaces to achieve optical path folding before exiting. The curved mirror assembly is used to magnify and correct the aberrations of the incident image beam, and the compensation mirror assembly is used to compensate and correct the optical aberrations in the entire field of view of the system. The curved mirror assembly and the compensation mirror assembly work together with the prism assembly to complete the transmission, aberration correction and magnification of the image beam, so that the final image beam exits to the exit pupil position of the system for human eye to receive and view.

[0006] Furthermore, the curved mirror assembly and the compensation mirror assembly are sequentially disposed on the same side of the prism assembly; The light beam emitted from the prism assembly is incident on the curved mirror assembly. The curved mirror assembly reflects, converges, and magnifies the light beam to form an imaging beam that returns towards the prism assembly. The returning imaging beam passes through the prism assembly and exits to the exit pupil position. Light emitted from the real world is transmitted through the compensation lens group, the curved mirror assembly, and the prism assembly to reach the exit pupil, thereby superimposing real-world information onto a virtual image.

[0007] Furthermore, the curved mirror assembly and the compensation mirror assembly are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the prism assembly; The light beam emitted from the prism assembly is incident on the curved mirror assembly, and exits from the curved mirror assembly to the exit pupil position; Light emitted from the real world is transmitted through the compensation lens group, the prism assembly, and the curved mirror assembly to reach the exit pupil, thereby superimposing real-world information onto a virtual image.

[0008] Furthermore, the display module is selected from one of the following: OLED type self-emissive panel, LED type, LCD type non-self-emissive panel, or LCOS type.

[0009] Furthermore, the lens assembly includes 1 to 2 optical lenses, which are spherical or aspherical in shape. The lens material is made of glass or plastic, with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.95 and an Abbe number of 20 to 70. The focal length of the lens assembly is 15~35mm, and the incident angle of light on the surface of the lens assembly is controlled within 40°.

[0010] Furthermore, the display module and the lens assembly, individually or in combination, can be used to form a system zoom group to adjust the virtual image distance of the system display screen, thereby achieving diopter adjustment to match users with different visual acuity.

[0011] Furthermore, the prism assembly is a single prism or composed of two prisms glued together, and the prism has a wedge angle ranging from 15 to 40°; When the prism assembly is made of two prisms bonded together, the prism closer to the lens assembly reflects the light path to ensure that the entire system achieves a short focal length. The prism surface near the lens assembly is either spherical or aspherical to compensate for a portion of the optical power and aberrations. The side closest to the curved mirror assembly is in contact with air to ensure that light incident from the top surface of the prism undergoes total internal reflection at that surface; A special film is coated on the prism bonding surface or a polarizing element is attached. By using the film or polarization matching, light is reflected to the side close to the curved mirror assembly and then transmitted to the curved mirror assembly. The prism at the bottom of the prism assembly has the same wedge angle as the prism at the top of the prism assembly. The bottom is equivalent to a parallel plate, or the prism surface near the exit pupil is optimized to be spherical or aspherical to bear part of the optical power and aberration. The prism material is glass or plastic, the prism refractive index is 1.45~1.95, the Abbe number is 20~70, the thickness of the prism assembly is 5~12mm, and the focal length of the prism part with optical power is 40~1000mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the curved mirror assembly is placed close to the prism assembly, with air gaps in between to ensure total internal reflection of light within the prism assembly; The curved mirror assembly uses a spherical or aspherical surface on the side near the exit pupil, and uses an aspherical surface on the side away from the exit pupil to optimize the optical path. By adjusting the shape of the side of the curved mirror assembly away from the exit pupil, the incident angle of the main ray can be controlled within 8°. A special film is deposited on the curved surface of the curved mirror assembly on the side away from the exit pupil position to reflect light; The curved mirror assembly is made of plastic or glass with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.95 and an Abbe number of 20 to 70. The thickness of the curved mirror assembly is 2~5mm, and its focal length ranges from 18~32mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the compensation lens assembly is spherical or aspherical, the material of the compensation lens assembly is plastic or glass, its refractive index is 1.45~1.95, its Abbe number is 20~70, the focal length of the compensation lens assembly is 16~40mm, and its thickness is 1~3mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the focal length of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system is 8-15mm, and the overall thickness is 9-16mm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By adjusting the surface shape of the optical elements and the position of light reflection, the incident angle of the principal ray at key surfaces is optimized to ensure high relative illumination across the entire field of view under a large field of view, resulting in better uniformity of the entire image. Simultaneously, by utilizing the optimization degrees of freedom of each surface, various aberrations are mutually compensated, balancing various performance characteristics across the entire field of view and ensuring good optical performance of the system under a large field of view. Different virtual image distances are achieved by moving the optical components to meet the wearing needs of people with different refractive errors, achieving excellent augmented reality display effects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the surface distribution of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 The angle of incidence of light at surface 302 in the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 For image plane CRA plot; Figure 5 This is a relative illumination map; Figure 6 MTF plot centered at the EB position; Figure 7 The distortion map is centered at the EB position; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the surface distribution of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 The angle of incidence of light at surface 302 of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 11 CRA images of the image plane at various refractive powers; Figure 12 Relative illuminance diagrams at various refractive powers; Figure 13 The MTF chart is for a refractive power of -0.25D. Figure 14 The MTF chart is for a refractive power of -2.5D. Figure 15 The MTF chart is for a refractive error of -5.5D. Figure 16 The distortion map shows a refractive power of -0.25D. Figure 17 The distortion map shows a refractive power of -2.5D. Figure 18 The distortion map shows a refractive power of -5.5D. Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the surface distribution of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 21 The angle of incidence of light at surface 302 of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0018] The following detailed embodiments will be further described in conjunction with the above-mentioned accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

[0020] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system of the present invention includes a display module for emitting an image beam and an optical transmission component for transmitting the image beam to the exit pupil position of the system. The optical transmission component includes a lens component, a prism component, a curved mirror component, and a compensation mirror component. The lens assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display module and is used to shape the image beam emitted by the display module; The prism assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the lens assembly. The prism assembly has an incident surface, at least two internal reflecting surfaces for folding the optical path, and an exit surface for the light beam to exit. The image beam shaped by the lens assembly enters the prism assembly through the incident surface and is reflected sequentially by the at least two internal reflecting surfaces to achieve optical path folding before exiting. The curved mirror assembly is used to magnify and correct the aberrations of the incident image beam, and the compensation mirror assembly is used to compensate and correct the optical aberrations in the entire field of view of the system. The curved mirror assembly and the compensation mirror assembly work together with the prism assembly to complete the transmission, aberration correction and magnification of the image beam, so that the final image beam exits to the exit pupil position of the system for human eye to receive and view.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the curved mirror assembly and the compensation mirror assembly are sequentially disposed on the same side of the prism assembly; The light beam emitted from the prism assembly is incident on the curved mirror assembly. The curved mirror assembly reflects, converges, and magnifies the light beam to form an imaging beam that returns towards the prism assembly. The returning imaging beam passes through the prism assembly and exits to the exit pupil position. Light emitted from the real world is transmitted through the compensation lens group, the curved mirror assembly, and the prism assembly to reach the exit pupil, thereby superimposing real-world information onto a virtual image.

[0024] In other embodiments of the present invention, the curved mirror assembly and the compensating mirror assembly are disposed on opposite sides of the prism assembly; The light beam emitted from the prism assembly is incident on the curved mirror assembly, and exits from the curved mirror assembly to the exit pupil position; Light emitted from the real world is transmitted through the compensation lens group, the prism assembly, and the curved mirror assembly to reach the exit pupil, thereby superimposing real-world information onto a virtual image.

[0025] Specifically, the display module is selected from one of the following: a self-emissive panel (OLED or LED), or a non-self-emissive panel (LCD or LCOS). Depending on the optical path architecture requirements, polarization elements can be selectively attached to the display module.

[0026] More specifically, the lens assembly includes 1 to 2 optical lenses, which are spherical or aspherical in shape; The lens assembly is either separate or cemented together, and the lens material is glass or plastic with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.95 and an Abbe number of 20 to 70. The focal length of the lens assembly is 15~35mm, and the incident angle of light on the surface of the lens assembly is controlled within 40° to ensure that the entire image plane has high relative illumination and avoid vignetting at the edge of the field of view.

[0027] Furthermore, depending on the characteristics of the optical system architecture and design requirements, the display module and lens group can be selected individually or in combination to form a system zoom group. This allows for adjustment of the virtual image distance of the displayed image, achieving diopter adjustment to suit users with different visual acuity. Considering these requirements, in actual structural design and assembly, the lens group can be assembled separately, or the display module and lens group can be supported or glued together before being assembled as a whole.

[0028] It should be noted that the prism assembly is a single prism or composed of two prisms glued together, and the prism has a wedge angle, the wedge angle range being 15~40°; When the prism assembly is made of two prisms bonded together, the prism closer to the lens assembly reflects the light path to ensure that the entire system achieves a short focal length. The prism surface near the lens assembly is either spherical or aspherical to compensate for a portion of the optical power and aberrations. The side closest to the curved mirror assembly is in contact with air to ensure that light incident from the top surface of the prism undergoes total internal reflection at that surface; A special film is coated on the prism bonding surface or a polarizing element is attached. By using the film or polarization matching, light is reflected to the side close to the curved mirror assembly and then transmitted to the curved mirror assembly. The prism at the bottom of the prism assembly has the same wedge angle as the prism at the top of the prism assembly. The bottom is equivalent to a parallel plate, or the prism surface near the exit pupil is optimized to be spherical or aspherical to bear part of the optical power and aberration. The prism material is glass or plastic, the prism refractive index is 1.45~1.95, the Abbe number is 20~70, the thickness of the prism assembly is 5~12mm, and the focal length of the prism part with optical power is 40~1000mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the curved mirror assembly is placed close to the prism assembly, with air gaps in between to ensure total internal reflection of light within the prism assembly; The curved mirror assembly uses a spherical or aspherical surface on the side near the exit pupil, and uses an aspherical surface on the side away from the exit pupil to optimize the optical path. By adjusting the shape of the side of the curved mirror assembly away from the exit pupil, the incident angle of the main ray can be controlled within 8°. A special film is deposited on the curved surface of the curved mirror assembly on the side away from the exit pupil position to reflect light; The curved mirror assembly is made of plastic or glass with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.95 and an Abbe number of 20 to 70. The thickness of the curved mirror assembly is 2~5mm, and its focal length ranges from 18~32mm.

[0030] Furthermore, in addition to participating in the imaging of light emitted from the display module, the aforementioned prism and curved mirror components also need to transmit light emitted from the real environment. In optimized design, the surface of the prism component closest to the human eye and the two surfaces of the curved mirror component can be used to control system aberrations and compensate for aberrations caused by the image of the real environment through the prism and curved mirror assembly. If the prism and curved mirror components alone cannot guarantee the desired effect, a compensating mirror component can be added to the system.

[0031] Specifically, the compensating lens assembly primarily serves as the display source for the real environment. It addresses various aberrations generated after the image is formed by the compensating lens assembly, curved mirror assembly, and prism assembly. It can be fixed using structural components or cemented to the curved mirror assembly. The surface of the compensating lens assembly is spherical or aspherical, and the material is plastic or glass with a refractive index of 1.45~1.95, an Abbe number of 20~70, a focal length range of 16~40mm, and a thickness of 1~3mm.

[0032] Understandably, the aforementioned components collectively constitute a wide field-of-view, high-uniformity optical system. The entire optical system has a focal length of 8-15mm and an overall thickness of 9-16mm. The prism assembly refracts and reflects light to form a folded optical path, enabling the system to achieve a wide field of view within a small display module. By optimizing the surface shape of the curved mirror assembly and lens assembly, the incident angle of the principal ray at the final image plane is controlled, ensuring relative illumination across the entire image plane and presenting a highly uniform display image. The system can achieve a field of view of 50°-65° using screens of different specifications, with relative illumination exceeding 50 across the entire field of view and eye movement range. The surfaces of the prism assembly, curved mirror assembly, and lens assembly mutually compensate and optimize various aberrations within the system, achieving high image clarity and low distortion. This ensures optical performance across the entire field of view within a 10×6mm rectangular area at the exit pupil, resulting in a high-quality virtual image and guaranteeing a good visual experience for different groups of people across the entire screen. Simultaneously, the bottom of the prism assembly and the curved mirror assembly work together to balance aberrations, and the remaining aberrations can be selectively handled by compensating mirror assemblies, ensuring a realistic viewing experience.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described through the following three embodiments.

[0034] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the surface distribution of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This system is a projection optical engine for the AR field, generating virtual images at a certain distance. Based on the direction of light, the optical system includes a display module 1, a lens group 2, a prism group 3, and a curved mirror group 4. The user observes the displayed virtual image at the exit pupil position 5. Simultaneously, the user observes the real-world image at the exit pupil position 5 through a selective compensation mirror group 6, the curved mirror group 4, and the prism group 3. The display module 1 and lens 2 are located in the upper left corner, below which is the cemented prism group 3. The curved mirror group 4 is placed to the right of the prism group 3, the selective compensation mirror group 6 is placed to the right of the curved mirror group 4, and the exit pupil position 5 is to the left of the prism group 3.

[0035] Display module 1 is a miniature display screen, which can be a self-emissive panel (OLED, LED, or non-self-emissive panel (LED or LCOS)). The light emitted from it passes through lens assembly 2 and reaches prism assembly 3, which includes a first prism 31 and a second prism 32. After the light is transmitted to the side of prism assembly 3, it undergoes total internal reflection to the adhesive surface of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32. The adhesive surface can be coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film or a polarizing reflective film, or a polarizing composite film can be attached to reflect the light to curved mirror assembly 4. The light passes through curved mirror assembly 4 and approaches the inner surface of prism assembly 3 before reaching the outer surface of curved mirror assembly 4. The outer surface is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. After being reflected by the outer surface, the light passes through the inner surface of curved mirror assembly 4 and re-enters prism assembly 3. After transmission through prism assembly 3, it reaches the exit pupil position 5. Real-world environmental information is transmitted through compensation mirror assembly 6, curved mirror assembly 4, and prism assembly 3 to reach the exit pupil position 5, thereby realizing augmented reality functionality. By adjusting the incident angle of light through various optical components and jointly optimizing and compensating for various aberrations in the system, the optical system exhibits high imaging quality and illumination uniformity across a wide field of view. The system has a focal length of 11.34 mm and an overall module thickness of 13.6 mm.

[0036] By utilizing the surface shapes of the lens group and curved mirror group, the incident angle of light at their surfaces is adjusted and optimized, controlling the incident angle of the principal ray of the image to within 32°, ensuring high relative illumination across the entire image. Through the folding of the light path using the prism group, the system achieves a 59.0° field of view. The lens group, curved mirror group, and prism group work together to address astigmatism, distortion, coma, field curvature, and chromatic aberration, resulting in superior image clarity across the entire field of view and achieving a large exit pupil area of ​​10×6mm rectangle to meet the needs of users with different interpupillary distances. The system displays a large field of view with high uniformity, providing excellent imaging and a superior visual experience for the wearer.

[0037] It should be noted that the parameters of each component in the large field-of-view high uniformity augmented reality optical system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are as follows: Surface number 501 indicates the surface where the pupil is located, and 101 is the image exit surface.

[0038]

[0039] The angle of incidence of light at the surface of 302 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, all the light rays involved in imaging satisfy the condition of total internal reflection.

[0040] The parameters of each aspherical surface are shown in the table below.

[0041]

[0042] To achieve the optical path in the technical solution, the eccentricity settings of the components in the module are shown in the table below. Generally, the optical axis direction (parallel to the right of the paper) is the Z direction, the meridional direction (parallel to the top of the paper) is the Y direction, and the sagittal direction (perpendicular to the bottom of the paper) is the X direction. Y-direction eccentricity refers to the translation distance along the Y direction, Z-direction eccentricity refers to the translation distance along the Z direction, and Alpha eccentricity refers to the rotation angle around the X-axis.

[0043]

[0044] The virtual image to be displayed is emitted from 101 and imaged by the system to the exit pupil position. Real-world information is transmitted through the compensation mirror assembly 6, the curved mirror assembly 4 and the prism assembly 3 to the exit pupil position, or the real-world information can be viewed directly by compensating for the aberrations in the perspective light path between the curved mirror assembly 4 and the prism assembly 3.

[0045] The parameters of the compensation mirror assembly 6 are shown in the table below.

[0046]

[0047] The surface parameters of the 601 aspherical surface are shown in the table below.

[0048]

[0049] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 4 For image plane CRA plot, Figure 5 This is a relative illumination map. Figure 6 MTF plot of the centered EB position, Figure 7The distortion diagram is shown at the central EB position. Specifically, the diagonal field of view of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system in Embodiment 1 of this invention can reach 59°. Within the entire image plane, the incident angle of light is controlled within 32° to ensure a relative illumination greater than 60° across the entire field of view. Using a 4mm pupil to evaluate the optical performance at the central eye-tracking position, the system achieves an MTF > 0.25 at 30 lp / mm across the entire field of view, with distortion controlled within 1%. The system achieves a large field of view while ensuring high image uniformity and excellent imaging performance.

[0050] Example 2 Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the structure of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the surface distribution of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The light path of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system in Embodiment 2 is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, but the parameter settings of each optical component differ to achieve diopter adjustment. The display module 1, lens assembly 2, and other optical components are basically the same as in Embodiment 1, while the prism assembly 3 and curved mirror assembly 4 differ. In Embodiment 2, the display module 1 and lens assembly 2 together serve as a focusing lens group. By controlling the air gap between the focusing lens group and the prism, virtual images at different distances are achieved to accommodate different myopic individuals.

[0051] Specifically, the display module 1 and lens assembly 2 move together along the optical axis for focusing. The system can achieve a diopter adjustment range of -5.5D to -0.25D, with a focal length range of 11.81~12.52mm for each configuration and an overall module thickness of 13.7mm.

[0052] By utilizing the surface shapes of lens assembly 2, prism assembly 3, and curved mirror assembly 4, the incident angle of light at their surfaces is adjusted and optimized, controlling the incident angle of the principal ray of the image to within 28°, ensuring high relative illumination throughout the entire image. The system achieves a 54.0° field of view, providing a large field of view and highly uniform image while maintaining focusing functionality. Through the combined efforts of lens assembly 2, curved mirror assembly 4, and prism assembly 3, various aberrations are addressed, achieving high clarity across the entire field of view and ensuring good display performance within the 10×6mm rectangular exit pupil area, thus meeting the wearing needs of different users.

[0053] The parameters of each component in the large field-of-view, high uniformity augmented reality optical system proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention are shown in the table below, where surface number 501 indicates the surface where the pupil is located, and 101 is the image exit surface.

[0054]

[0055] The angle of incidence of light at the surface of 302 is as follows Figure 10 As shown, all the light rays involved in imaging satisfy the condition of total internal reflection.

[0056] The parameters of each aspherical surface are shown in the table below.

[0057]

[0058] To achieve the optical path in the technical solution, the eccentricity settings of the components in the module are shown in the table below. Generally, the optical axis direction (parallel to the right of the paper) is the Z direction, the meridional direction (parallel to the top of the paper) is the Y direction, and the sagittal direction (perpendicular to the bottom of the paper) is the X direction. Y-direction eccentricity refers to the translation distance along the Y direction, Z-direction eccentricity refers to the translation distance along the Z direction, and Alpha eccentricity refers to the rotation angle around the X-axis.

[0059]

[0060] The virtual image to be displayed is emitted from 101 and imaged by the system to the exit pupil position. Real-world information is transmitted through the compensation mirror assembly 6, the curved mirror assembly 4 and the prism assembly 3 to the exit pupil position, or the real-world information can be viewed directly by compensating for the aberrations in the perspective light path between the curved mirror assembly 4 and the prism assembly 3.

[0061] The parameters of the compensation lens group 6 are shown in the table below.

[0062]

[0063] The surface parameters of the 601 aspherical surface are shown in the table below.

[0064]

[0065] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 , Figure 11 CRA images of the image plane at various refractive powers. Figure 12 This is a relative illuminance diagram for each refractive power. Figure 13 The MTF chart is for a refractive error of -0.25D. Figure 14 The MTF chart is for a refractive error of -2.5D. Figure 15 The MTF chart is for a refractive error of -5.5D. Figure 16 The distortion map shows a refractive error of -0.25D. Figure 17 The distortion map shows a refractive power of -2.5D. Figure 18 The image shows the distortion at -5.5D diopter. The diagonal field of view of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system in Embodiment 2 of this invention can reach 54°. The system can achieve diopter adjustment within the range of -0.25D to -5.5D. Throughout this range, the angle of incidence of light across the entire image plane is controlled within 28° to ensure a relative illumination greater than 65° across the entire field of view. Using a 4mm pupil to evaluate the optical performance at the central eye-tracking position, at -0.5D diopter, the system's MTF at 30 lp / mm is >0.22, with distortion controlled within 0.8%; at -2.5D diopter, the system's MTF at 30 lp / mm is >0.28, with distortion controlled within 0.8%; and at -5.5D diopter, the system's MTF at 30 lp / mm is >0.3, with distortion controlled within 1.3%. The system achieves a large field of view and diopter adjustment while ensuring high image uniformity and good optical performance.

[0066] Example 3 Please see Figure 19 and Figure 20 , Figure 19 This diagram illustrates the structure of a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the surface distribution of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown, wherein the curved mirror assembly 4 and the compensation mirror assembly 6 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the prism assembly 3; The light beam emitted from the prism assembly 3 is incident on the curved mirror assembly 4, and exits from the curved mirror assembly 4 to the exit pupil position 5; This large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system has a focal length of 11.61mm. By utilizing the surface shapes of lens assembly 2, prism assembly 3, and curved mirror assembly 4, the incident angle of the principal ray of the image is controlled to be within 30°, ensuring high relative illumination throughout the entire image. The system achieves a 55.0° field of view. Through mutual aberration compensation among the components, the system maintains high sharpness over a large field of view and ensures good display performance within a 10×6mm rectangular exit pupil.

[0067] The parameters of each component in the large field-of-view, high uniformity augmented reality optical system proposed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention are shown in the table below, where surface number 501 indicates the surface where the pupil is located, and 101 is the image exit surface.

[0068]

[0069] The angle of incidence of light at the surface of 302 is as follows Figure 21 As shown, all the light rays involved in imaging satisfy the condition of total internal reflection.

[0070] The parameters of each aspherical surface are shown in the table below.

[0071]

[0072] To achieve the optical path in the technical solution, the eccentricity settings of the components in the module are shown in the table below. Generally, the optical axis direction (parallel to the right of the paper) is the Z direction, the meridional direction (parallel to the top of the paper) is the Y direction, and the sagittal direction (perpendicular to the bottom of the paper) is the X direction. Alpha eccentricity refers to the rotation angle around the X-axis.

[0073]

[0074] The virtual image to be displayed is emitted from 101 and imaged by the system to the exit pupil position 5. Real-world information is transmitted through the compensation mirror assembly 6, the curved mirror assembly 4 and the prism assembly 3 to the exit pupil position, or the real-world information can be viewed directly by compensating for the aberrations in the perspective light path between the curved mirror assembly 4 and the prism assembly 3.

[0075] The parameters of the compensation lens group 6 are shown in the table below.

[0076]

[0077] The aspherical surface parameters of the compensating lens group 6 are shown in the table below.

[0078]

[0079] In summary, this invention proposes a large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system. It employs reflection from the outer surface of a curved mirror assembly, adjusting the incident angle at key surfaces to achieve high relative illumination at the image plane. This ensures the optical system achieves a large field of view exceeding 50° while maintaining high image uniformity. The system utilizes mutual compensation and optimization among the surfaces to collectively mitigate aberrations, guaranteeing superior image sharpness and distortion performance across a large exit pupil and wide field of view.

[0080] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system, comprising a display module for emitting an image beam, and an optical transmission component for transmitting the image beam to the system's exit pupil position, characterized in that, The optical transmission assembly includes a lens assembly, a prism assembly, a curved mirror assembly, and a compensating mirror assembly; The lens assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display module and is used to shape the image beam emitted by the display module; The prism assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the lens assembly. The prism assembly has an incident surface, at least two internal reflecting surfaces for folding the optical path, and an exit surface for the light beam to exit. The image beam shaped by the lens assembly enters the prism assembly through the incident surface and is reflected sequentially by the at least two internal reflecting surfaces to achieve optical path folding before exiting. The curved mirror assembly is used to magnify and correct the aberrations of the incident image beam, and the compensation mirror assembly is used to compensate and correct the optical aberrations in the entire field of view of the system. The curved mirror assembly and the compensation mirror assembly work together with the prism assembly to complete the transmission, aberration correction and magnification of the image beam, so that the final image beam exits to the exit pupil position of the system for human eye to receive and view.

2. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved mirror assembly and the compensating mirror assembly are sequentially disposed on the same side of the prism assembly; The light beam emitted from the prism assembly is incident on the curved mirror assembly. The curved mirror assembly reflects, converges, and magnifies the light beam to form an imaging beam that returns towards the prism assembly. The returning imaging beam passes through the prism assembly and exits to the exit pupil position. Light emitted from the real world is transmitted through the compensation lens group, the curved mirror assembly, and the prism assembly to reach the exit pupil, thereby superimposing real-world information onto a virtual image.

3. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved mirror assembly and the compensating mirror assembly are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the prism assembly; The light beam emitted from the prism assembly is incident on the curved mirror assembly, and exits from the curved mirror assembly to the exit pupil position; Light emitted from the real world is transmitted through the compensation lens group, the prism assembly, and the curved mirror assembly to reach the exit pupil, thereby superimposing real-world information onto a virtual image.

4. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The display module is selected from one of the following: OLED type self-emissive panel, LED type, LCD type or LCOS type non-self-emissive panel.

5. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The lens assembly includes 1 to 2 optical lenses, which are spherical or aspherical in shape. The lens material is made of glass or plastic, with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.95 and an Abbe number of 20 to 70. The focal length of the lens assembly is 15~35mm, and the incident angle of light on the surface of the lens assembly is controlled within 40°.

6. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The display module and the lens assembly, individually or in combination, form a system zoom group to adjust the virtual image distance of the system display screen, thereby achieving diopter adjustment to match users with different visual acuity.

7. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The prism assembly is a single prism or composed of two prisms glued together. The prism has a wedge angle, which ranges from 15 to 40°. When the prism assembly is made of two prisms bonded together, the prism closer to the lens assembly reflects the light path to ensure that the entire system achieves a short focal length. The prism surface near the lens assembly is either spherical or aspherical to compensate for a portion of the optical power and aberrations. The side closest to the curved mirror assembly is in contact with air to ensure that light incident from the top surface of the prism undergoes total internal reflection at that surface; A special film is coated on the prism bonding surface or a polarizing element is attached. By using the film or polarization matching, light is reflected to the side close to the curved mirror assembly and then transmitted to the curved mirror assembly. The prism at the bottom of the prism assembly has the same wedge angle as the prism at the top of the prism assembly. The bottom is equivalent to a parallel plate, or the prism surface near the exit pupil is optimized to be spherical or aspherical to bear part of the optical power and aberration. The prism material is glass or plastic, the prism refractive index is 1.45~1.95, the Abbe number is 20~70, the thickness of the prism assembly is 5~12mm, and the focal length of the prism part with optical power is 40~1000mm.

8. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The curved mirror assembly is placed close to the prism assembly, with air left in between to ensure that light undergoes total internal reflection within the prism assembly. The curved mirror assembly uses a spherical or aspherical surface on the side near the exit pupil, and uses an aspherical surface on the side away from the exit pupil to optimize the optical path. By adjusting the shape of the side of the curved mirror assembly away from the exit pupil, the incident angle of the main ray can be controlled within 8°. A special film is deposited on the curved surface of the curved mirror assembly on the side away from the exit pupil position to reflect light; The curved mirror assembly is made of plastic or glass with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.95 and an Abbe number of 20 to 70. The thickness of the curved mirror assembly is 2~5mm, and its focal length ranges from 18~32mm.

9. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The surface of the compensating lens assembly is spherical or aspherical, the material of the compensating lens assembly is plastic or glass, its refractive index is 1.45~1.95, its Abbe number is 20~70, the focal length of the compensating lens assembly is 16~40mm, and its thickness is 1~3mm.

10. The large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The focal length of the large field-of-view, high-uniformity augmented reality optical system is 8-15mm, and the overall thickness is 9-16mm.

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