A temperature compensation self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of temperature compensation self-locking structures suitable for nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber internal component, it is related to magnetic confinement nuclear fusion technical field, including upper support block, lower support block, upper adapter block, lower adapter block and limiting portion, upper support block is located in vacuum chamber, and its one end extending to vacuum chamber inner cavity has first support part;Lower support block is located in vacuum chamber and is located below upper support block, and its one end extending to vacuum chamber inner cavity has second support part;Upper adapter block is located on cladding module and its bottom end can be inserted from top to bottom in first support part;Lower adapter block is located on cladding module and is located below upper adapter block, and its bottom end can be inserted from top to bottom in second support part;Limiting portion is located in upper support block and is located above first support part.The application uses a passive self-adaptive locking structure by abandoning the traditional through-wall connection structure, improves the reliability and security of structure in extreme high temperature and strong radiation environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion technology, specifically to a temperature compensation self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber. Background Technology

[0002] The vacuum chamber of a magnetic confinement fusion device (tokamak) serves as the first safety barrier and structural core directly facing deuterium-tritium plasma. Its design must simultaneously meet multiple requirements, including maintaining ultra-high vacuum, neutron shielding, and bearing extreme electromagnetic and thermal loads. Under transient conditions such as plasma disruption (MD) and vertical displacement events (VDE), internal components such as the blanket module and divertor will be subjected to transient electromagnetic loads on the order of tens of MN and high thermal loads on the order of hundreds of MW. The interface load of the blanket module will be transferred to the vacuum chamber shell through the connecting structure, thus placing stringent requirements on the structural integrity of the internal component connecting structure.

[0003] To address the high-power, intense nuclear thermal environment of future commercial fusion reactors, the traditional vacuum chamber shell welded structure with ribbed plates used in tokamas (such as EAST and JET) is no longer suitable due to limitations in load-bearing capacity and spatial layout. To solve this problem, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) designed a "Housing" type through-wall connection structure. Its core feature is the use of cylindrical components penetrating the double-layered shell of the vacuum chamber, with a threaded hole in the center, and high-strength bolts used to mechanically lock the cladding module to the vacuum chamber body.

[0004] like Figure 1 It can be represented as a three-dimensional structural diagram of a vacuum chamber with a cylindrical component. 101 represents a vacuum chamber with inner and outer shells, and 102 represents a cylindrical component that runs through the vacuum chamber. The cylindrical component has a threaded hole at its center and is fitted with high-strength bolts. Through the mechanical locking action of the bolts, the cladding module located inside the vacuum chamber is firmly connected to the vacuum chamber body during subsequent assembly, realizing the direct transfer of load.

[0005] However, this design is based on a small modular approach. Compared to the small modular blanket scheme used by ITER, the future China Fusion Engineering Demonstration Reactor (CFEDR) will adopt a large modular blanket scheme. If the housing structure used by ITER is applied to the large modular blanket scheme, it will have at least the following drawbacks:

[0006] The housing structure relies entirely on threaded connections for mechanical locking and load transfer. Under transient conditions such as plasma rupture (MD) and vertical displacement events (DE), the large module cladding scheme will be subjected to instantaneous electromagnetic load impacts of up to 300,000 tons, which far exceeds the ITER design benchmark. Threaded connections are at risk of loosening, seizing, or fatigue fracture, resulting in inherently poor reliability.

[0007] The Housing structure is designed for small modular construction, and its manufacturing relies on high-density welds: a single 1 / 9 sector requires the embedding of 184 Housings, with a total weld length of over a kilometer and a density as high as 10 m / m². When this splicing method is applied to large module solutions, on the one hand, the deformation of the body caused by welding heat input is difficult to suppress, making it impossible for the vacuum chamber to provide a precise installation reference for the large module, directly leading to module alignment failure; on the other hand, the residual stress brought by the dense welds is continuously released during hot operation, and combined with the thermal expansion effect, it is very likely to cause dynamic interference between the large module and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber or surrounding components.

[0008] In a strong nuclear radiation environment, the bolted connections of the housing may become difficult to disassemble due to irradiation embrittlement or seizing. If the cladding module needs to be replaced, complex cutting or disassembly of the bolts must be performed, which is complicated and consumes a lot of manpower and resources. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art by proposing a temperature-compensated self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber. By abandoning the traditional housing-type through-wall connection structure and using a new passive adaptive locking structure, the reliability and safety of the structure are improved in extreme high-temperature and high-radiation environments.

[0010] To address the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] A temperature compensation self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber includes:

[0012] An upper support block is disposed on the vacuum chamber, and a first support portion is provided on one end of the upper support block extending into the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber.

[0013] The lower support block is located on the vacuum chamber and below the upper support block, and has a second support portion at one end extending into the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber;

[0014] The upper adapter block is located on the cladding module and its bottom end can be inserted into the first support part from top to bottom.

[0015] The lower adapter block is located on the cladding module and below the upper adapter block, and its bottom end can be inserted into the second support part from top to bottom;

[0016] The limiting part is located at the upper support block and above the first support part;

[0017] During plasma operation, the cladding module is locked by relying on the linear expansion difference between the cladding module and the vacuum chamber, which causes the upper adapter block to move accordingly and insert into the limiting part from bottom to top.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention: both the bottom ends of the upper and lower adapter blocks are provided with assembly inserts, and the top ends of the first and second support parts are provided with assembly slots for inserting the assembly inserts.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: a follower plug is provided at the top of the upper adapter block, and a limiting slot for the follower plug to be inserted is provided at the bottom of the limiting part.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the upper and lower transition blocks located on the same cladding module together form an assembly, and the upper and lower support blocks located on a single sector of the same vacuum chamber together form a receiving assembly, and multiple sets of assembly assemblies correspond to and cooperate with a single set of receiving assemblies.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention: the multiple sets of assembly slots on the first support and the multiple sets of assembly slots on the second support are arranged circumferentially along the vacuum chamber to achieve an arc-shaped layout of multiple cladding modules.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention: the cladding module and the vacuum chamber are made of the same material, and the linear expansion size difference is generated by the temperature difference between them.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention, the linear expansion coefficient of the cladding module is greater than that of the vacuum chamber.

[0024] As a further aspect of the present invention: when the limiting part is located at the upper support block and above the first support part, the limiting part and the first support part together form an assembly groove; then each connecting block, support part and limiting part satisfies the following dimensional relationship:

[0025] ;

[0026] ;

[0027] ;

[0028] In the formula:

[0029] This represents the distance between the top surface of the upper adapter block and the top surface of the second support part when the plasma is in a stopped state.

[0030] This is expressed as the distance between the bottom surface of the limiting part and the top surface of the second support part when the plasma is in a stopped state.

[0031] This represents the distance between the top surface of the upper transition block and the bottom surface of the lower transition block during plasma operation.

[0032] This represents the distance between the bottom surface of the limiting part and the top surface of the second support part during plasma operation.

[0033] This represents the temperature of the vacuum chamber during plasma operation.

[0034] This represents the temperature of the cladding module during plasma operation.

[0035] This represents the temperature of the cladding module when the plasma is shut down.

[0036] This is expressed as the linear expansion coefficient of the cladding module material;

[0037] It is expressed as the linear expansion coefficient of the material in the vacuum chamber.

[0038] As a further aspect of the present invention:

[0039] The present invention also proposes a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device, including the self-locking support structure described above, wherein the number of cladding modules in a single sector of the vacuum chamber is set to five groups, and all five groups of cladding modules are mounted on the receiving assembly based on the assembly on them.

[0040] This invention also proposes an assembly method for a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Install the upper support block and lower support block at the corresponding positions in the vacuum chamber;

[0042] Step 2: Install a limiting part on the upper support block above the first support part, so that the limiting part and the first support part together form an assembly groove;

[0043] Step 3: Install the upper and lower transition blocks at the corresponding positions on the cladding module;

[0044] Step 4: Align the upper adapter block with the slot of the assembly slide and insert it. Then, when it slides to the designated position, let the upper adapter block fall naturally. At this time, the assembly plug at the bottom of the upper adapter block will be inserted into the assembly slot at the top of the first support part, and the assembly plug at the bottom of the lower adapter block will be inserted into the assembly slot at the top of the second support part, thus completing the assembly of this cladding module in the vacuum chamber.

[0045] Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 above to complete the assembly of the remaining cladding modules.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. This application constructs a completely passive adaptive locking mechanism, which utilizes the thermal expansion difference inevitably generated during the operation of a nuclear fusion device as a driving force, transforming harmful thermal stress into favorable conditions for structural locking. Specifically, by using a split design where the support block is fixed to the vacuum chamber and the transfer block is fixed to the cladding module, the components are allowed to expand freely during the heating process, and automatically plug into the limiting part by displacement after reaching a stable operating temperature. This achieves a self-locking function without any active control system or external energy source, improving the reliability and safety of the structure under extreme high temperature and strong radiation environments. At the same time, the modular design also lays the foundation for the subsequent installation and maintenance of the future China Fusion Engineering Demonstration Reactor (CFEDR).

[0048] 2. By setting assembly plugs at the bottom of the upper and lower transition blocks and opening assembly slots at the top of the corresponding first and second support parts, this plug and slot matching method not only provides a precise positioning reference for the cladding module during the room temperature installation stage, ensuring installation accuracy, but also allows a certain degree of displacement freedom in a specific direction, reserving space for the thermal expansion movement of the cladding module relative to the vacuum chamber during the subsequent heating process, thus achieving a balance between precise constraint and movement release.

[0049] 3. By adding a top locking mechanism consisting of a follower plug and a limiting slot, when the temperature rises and the component is displaced, the follower plug at the top of the upper adapter block can be accurately inserted into the limiting slot of the limiting part. This not only realizes secondary positioning in the running state, but also enhances the overall structural rigidity of the cladding module during plasma operation, effectively resists dynamic loads such as electromagnetic force and vibration, and prevents the already positioned components from loosening or shifting, thereby improving the operational stability of the entire internal component system.

[0050] 4. By clarifying the hierarchical layout relationship between the cladding module and the vacuum chamber, the upper and lower transition blocks on the same cladding module are defined as an assembly unit, and the upper and lower support blocks on the same vacuum chamber sector are defined as a supply unit. A corresponding cooperation relationship between a single supply unit and multiple assembly units is established. This cooperation design provides guidance for the large-scale array installation of the support structure in the circumferential direction of the tokamak device, making the structural design highly scalable and able to easily adapt to the layout requirements of cladding modules of different sizes and quantities.

[0051] 5. By defining the assembly slots and arranging them circumferentially along the vacuum chamber, this design allows the support structure to adapt to the unique annular vacuum chamber geometry of the tokamak device. Through the continuously arranged slots in the circumferential direction, multiple sets of cladding modules can be arranged in an arc shape, thus closely fitting the contour of the inner wall of the vacuum chamber and forming a continuous and uniform protective layer. This effectively shields the high heat flux and neutron radiation generated by plasma operation, avoiding local gaps or stress concentrations caused by geometric mismatch. This demonstrates the deep integration of structural design and the overall geometric configuration of the device.

[0052] 6. By further limiting the material properties (i.e., the linear expansion coefficient of the cladding module is greater than that of the vacuum chamber), it is ensured that the thermal expansion of the cladding module is greater than that of the vacuum chamber during the heating process, thereby increasing the upward displacement of the upper adapter block relative to the first support part and ensuring that the upper adapter block can be accurately inserted into the limiting part to complete the locking.

[0053] 7. When using the assembly method of this application, simply align the adapter block on the cladding module with the assembly slide groove formed by the limiting part and the supporting part. After sliding to the corresponding position, the installation can be completed by relying on gravity to fall into place naturally. The entire process does not require any complex bolt tightening or welding operations inside the vacuum chamber. It is perfectly adapted to the application scenario of remote installation and replacement by remotely operated manipulators in future nuclear fusion reactors, which greatly reduces the maintenance difficulty and the risk of personnel being exposed to radiation. Attached Figure Description

[0054] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a vacuum chamber with cylindrical components installed on it, as described in the prior art.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support block and the connecting block of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the upper and lower transition blocks of the present invention disposed on the cladding module;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper and lower transition blocks of the present invention disposed on the cladding module;

[0059] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Local structure diagram Figure 1 ;

[0060] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Local structure diagram Figure 2 ;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support block and the connecting block of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the self-locking support structure of the present invention installed in a vacuum chamber. Figure 1 ;

[0063] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0064] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0065] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the self-locking support structure of the present invention installed in a vacuum chamber. Figure 2 ;

[0066] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0067] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the self-locking support structure of the present invention installed in a vacuum chamber. Figure 3 ;

[0068] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Enlarged structural diagram at point D;

[0069] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the self-locking support structure of the present invention installed in a vacuum chamber. Figure 1 ;

[0070] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the self-locking support structure of the present invention installed in a vacuum chamber. Figure 2 .

[0071] In the diagram: 101, vacuum chamber; 102, cylindrical component;

[0072] 1. Upper support block; 2. First support part; 3. Lower support block; 4. Second support part; 5. Upper adapter block; 6. Cladding module; 7. Lower adapter block; 8. Limiting part; 9. Assembly plug; 10. Assembly slot; 11. Follower plug; 12. Limiting slot; m, circumferential direction of vacuum chamber; g, vertical direction of vacuum chamber; r, radial direction of vacuum chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] As known from the background and existing technologies, a vacuum chamber consists of multiple sectors, each containing a cladding module. These cladding modules are installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber via a connecting structure to withstand transient electromagnetic and high thermal loads. Given that the future China Fusion Engineering Demonstration Reactor (CFEDR) will adopt a large-module cladding scheme, this application improves the connecting structure in the existing technology, laying a fundamental guarantee for the operation of the large-module cladding scheme.

[0075] Example 1:

[0076] like Figures 2-7 As shown, a temperature compensation self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber includes:

[0077] An upper support block 1 and a lower support block 3 are provided on the vacuum chamber 101, with the lower support block 3 located below the upper support block 1; at the same time, one end of the upper support block 1 and the lower support block 3 both extend into the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber 101, and the upper support block 1 has a first support portion 2 at that end, and the lower support block 3 has a second support portion 4 at that end.

[0078] An upper adapter block 5 and a lower adapter block 7 are provided on the cladding module 6, with the lower adapter block 7 located below the upper adapter block 5. Both the upper adapter block 5 and the lower adapter block 7 face the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 101. The upper adapter block 5 corresponds to the upper support block 1, and the bottom end of the upper adapter block 5 can be inserted into the first support part 2 from top to bottom. The lower adapter block 7 corresponds to the lower support block 3, and the bottom end of the lower adapter block 7 can be inserted into the second support part 4 from top to bottom.

[0079] (3) Limiting part 8, the limiting part 8 is installed at the upper support block 1, and the limiting part 8 is located above the first support part 2. At this time, if the limiting part 8, the first support part 2 and the upper support block 1 are manufactured as a single piece, the state of the three can be changed from Figure 5 To illustrate, the limiting part 8 and the first support part 2 together form a set of assembly grooves.

[0080] It should be noted that the cladding module 6 and the vacuum chamber 101 are made of the same material. When the plasma runs in the vacuum chamber 101, it will generate a temperature that gradually decreases from the inside to the outside, so the two will have a linear expansion size difference.

[0081] The following is a detailed explanation of the installation process:

[0082] Before installation, the cladding module 6 and vacuum chamber 101 were in the following condition: Figure 2 As shown, firstly, when the aforementioned limiting part 8 and the first support part 2 together form an assembly groove, the upper adapter block 5 is slid into the assembly groove. This slid-in state can be determined by… Figure 7 and Figure 9 This is to be indicated, and at the same time, the lower adapter block 7 will be suspended above the second support part 4. This state can be achieved by... Figure 10 This is used to represent the state; then, the sliding continues until the cladding module 6 moves to the designated position inside the vacuum chamber 101. This state can be represented by... Figure 15 The three-dimensional view shown is used to represent the corresponding sectional view. Figure 8 This is done by [the following steps]; then, the control of the cladding module 6 is released, and the cladding module 6 will fall naturally, causing the bottom end of the upper adapter block 5 to insert into the first support part 2 from top to bottom, and the lower adapter block 7 to insert into the second support part 4 from top to bottom. The state after this insertion can be determined by [the following steps]. Figure 11 and Figure 12 This means that the cladding module 6 is installed in the vacuum chamber 101 using a self-locking support structure.

[0083] When the plasma inside vacuum chamber 101 operates, it causes the cladding module 6 and vacuum chamber 101 to heat up. However, since the temperature of the cladding module 6 is greater than that of the vacuum chamber 101, even if both use the same material (with the same coefficient of linear expansion), the linear expansion dimension of the cladding module 6 will be greater than that of the vacuum chamber 101. Figure 12 In the indicated state, the linear expansion of the upper part of the cladding module 6 will cause the upper adapter block 5 to move upward synchronously until the top surface of the upper adapter block 5 is inserted into the bottom surface of the limiting part 8, thus locking it. This locking state can be achieved by... Figure 13 and Figure 14 To illustrate; correspondingly, since the bottom end of the lower adapter block 7 is inserted into the second support part 4, the second support part 4 will limit the lower adapter block 7. Therefore, the linear expansion of the lower part of the cladding module 6 only causes the lower adapter block 7 above it to move downward, without producing actual displacement; at the same time, based on the downward gravity of the cladding module 6 itself, the lower adapter block 7 is still inserted into the second support part 4; finally, the cladding module 6 completes self-locking under the limiting action of the upper adapter block 5 and the lower adapter block 7 respectively.

[0084] Of course, in order to enable the upper transition block 5 and the lower transition block 7 to have a large displacement during plasma operation and improve the self-locking effect, the linear expansion coefficient of the cladding module 6 can be made greater than the linear expansion coefficient of the vacuum chamber 101. Therefore, under this design, the linear expansion dimension of the cladding module 6 will be much larger than the linear expansion dimension of the vacuum chamber 101, so that the top surface of the upper transition block 5 is stably inserted into the bottom surface of the limiting part 8 and the lower transition block 7 is stably inserted into the second support part 4.

[0085] Furthermore, in order to satisfy the expansion self-locking under plasma operation after the upper transition block 5 and lower transition block 7 are installed on the cladding module 6, and the upper support block 1 and lower support block 3 are installed on the vacuum chamber 101, this application satisfies the following dimensional relationships for each transition block, support part and limiting part 8:

[0086] ;

[0087] ;

[0088] ;

[0089] In the formula:

[0090] The distance between the top surface of the upper adapter block 5 and the top surface of the second support part 4 when the plasma is in the stopped state is expressed in mm.

[0091] The distance between the bottom surface of the limiting part 8 and the top surface of the second support part 4 when the plasma is in the stopped state is expressed in mm.

[0092] The distance between the top surface of the upper transition block 5 and the bottom surface of the lower transition block 7 under plasma operating conditions is expressed in mm.

[0093] The distance between the bottom surface of the limiting part 8 and the top surface of the second support part 4 under plasma operation is expressed in mm.

[0094] The temperature of vacuum chamber 101 under plasma operating conditions is expressed in °C.

[0095] The temperature of cladding module 6 under plasma operating conditions is expressed in °C.

[0096] The temperature of cladding module 6 is expressed as follows, in °C, under plasma shutdown conditions;

[0097] The linear expansion coefficient of the material in cladding module 6 is expressed as 1 / ℃.

[0098] The linear expansion coefficient of the material in vacuum chamber 101 is expressed as 1 / ℃.

[0099] It should be noted that, It needs to be maintained at all times; however, in order to improve its own effect, the linear expansion size difference between the cladding module 6 and the vacuum chamber 101 can be changed so that the upper adapter block 5 generates maximum upward expansion displacement and is inserted into the bottom end face of the limiting part 8, and the lower adapter block 7 generates maximum downward expansion displacement and is locked at the second support part 4.

[0100] Example 2:

[0101] This embodiment designs the above-mentioned plugging function based on Embodiment 1. Specifically, as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, mounting blocks 9 can be provided at the bottom of both the upper adapter block 5 and the lower adapter block 7. Correspondingly, mounting slots 10 for the mounting blocks 9 are provided at the top of both the first support part 2 and the second support part 4. During the sliding process of the aforementioned cladding module 6 on the mounting slide, when the cladding module 6 slides to the designated position in the vacuum chamber 101, the mounting block 9 at the bottom of the upper adapter block 5 will be above the mounting slot 10 at the top of the first support part 2, and the mounting block 9 at the bottom of the lower adapter block 7 will be above the mounting slot 10 at the top of the second support part 4. When the control of the cladding module 6 is released, each adapter block will be inserted into the corresponding mounting slot 10. The state of the mounting block 9 at the bottom of the upper adapter block 5 inserted into the mounting slot 10 at the top of the first support part 2 can be changed by... Figure 12 To represent it.

[0102] Preferably, such as Figures 15-16 As shown, Figure 15 In the above, m represents the circumferential direction of the vacuum chamber, r represents the radial direction of the vacuum chamber, and g represents the vertical direction of the vacuum chamber. According to the shape of the single sector of the vacuum chamber 101, the multiple sets of assembly slots 10 on the first support part 2 and the multiple sets of assembly slots 10 on the second support part 4 are arranged along the circumferential direction m of the vacuum chamber to realize the arc-shaped layout of the multiple sets of cladding modules 6.

[0103] Of course, for the insertion of the top of the upper adapter block 5 into the bottom of the limiting part 8, a follower plug 11 can be provided at the top of the upper adapter block 5, and a limiting slot 12 for the follower plug 11 to be inserted is provided at the bottom of the limiting part 8. When the plasma is running, the follower plug 11 at the top of the upper adapter block 5 will be inserted into the limiting slot 12 above it. This insertion state can be controlled by... Figure 14 To represent it.

[0104] Example 3:

[0105] like Figure 16 As shown, this embodiment proposes a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device, including a temperature compensation self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, as described in any of the above embodiments; at the same time, the number of cladding modules 6 in a single sector of the vacuum chamber 101 is set to five groups.

[0106] The upper adapter block 5 and lower adapter block 7, located on the same cladding module 6, together form an assembly unit. The upper support block 1 and lower support block 3, located on a single sector of the same vacuum chamber 101, together form a receiving unit. A single receiving unit corresponds to and cooperates with multiple assembly units. Therefore, when there are five cladding modules 6, it indicates that there are five assembly units, and all five assembly units can be installed at the receiving unit within the same single sector of the vacuum chamber 101.

[0107] Example 4:

[0108] An assembly method for a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device includes a temperature compensation self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, as described in any of the above embodiments. The specific assembly steps are as follows:

[0109] Step 1: Install the upper support block 1 and the lower support block 3 at the corresponding positions in the vacuum chamber 101;

[0110] Step 2: Install a limiting part 8 on the upper support block 1 above the first support part 2, so that the limiting part 8 and the first support part 2 together form an assembly groove;

[0111] Step 3: Install the upper transition block 5 and the lower transition block 7 at the corresponding positions on the cladding module 6;

[0112] Step 4: Align the upper adapter block 5 with the slot of the assembly slide and insert it. Then, when it slides to the designated position, let the upper adapter block 5 fall down naturally. At this time, the assembly plug 9 at the bottom of the upper adapter block 5 will be inserted into the assembly slot 10 at the top of the first support part 2, and the assembly plug 9 at the bottom of the upper and lower adapter blocks 7 will be inserted into the assembly slot 10 at the top of the second support part 4, thus completing the assembly of the cladding module 6 in the vacuum chamber 101.

[0113] Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 above to complete the assembly of the remaining sets of cladding modules 6.

[0114] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A temperature compensation self-locking structure suitable for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, characterized in that, include: The upper support block (1) is provided on the vacuum chamber (101), and has a first support part (2) on one end extending into the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber (101). The lower support block (3) is disposed on the vacuum chamber (101) and located below the upper support block (1), and has a second support part (4) at one end extending into the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber (101). The upper adapter block (5) is located on the cladding module (6) and its bottom end can be inserted into the first support part (2) from top to bottom; The lower adapter block (7) is located on the cladding module (6) and below the upper adapter block (5), and its bottom end can be inserted into the second support part (4) from top to bottom; The limiting part (8) is provided at the upper support block (1) and located above the first support part (2); During plasma operation, the cladding module (6) and the vacuum chamber (101) rely on the linear expansion size difference to drive the upper adapter block (5) to generate a corresponding displacement and insert it into the limiting part (8) from bottom to top, thereby locking the cladding module (6).

2. The temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom ends of the upper adapter block (5) and the lower adapter block (7) are provided with assembly inserts (9), and the top ends of the first support part (2) and the second support part (4) are provided with assembly slots (10) for the assembly inserts (9) to be inserted.

3. A temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The top of the upper adapter block (5) is provided with a follower plug (11), and the bottom of the limiting part (8) is provided with a limiting slot (12) for the follower plug (11) to be inserted.

4. A temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The upper transition block (5) and the lower transition block (7) located on the same cladding module (6) together form an assembly, and the upper support block (1) and the lower support block (3) located on a single sector of the same vacuum chamber (101) together form a supply assembly. Multiple sets of assembly assemblies correspond to and cooperate with a single set of supply assemblies.

5. A temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple sets of assembly slots (10) on the first support part (2) and the multiple sets of assembly slots (10) on the second support part (4) are arranged circumferentially along the vacuum chamber to achieve the arc-shaped layout of the multiple sets of cladding modules (6).

6. A temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cladding module (6) and the vacuum chamber (101) are made of the same material, and the linear expansion size difference is generated by the temperature difference between them.

7. A temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The linear expansion coefficient of the cladding module (6) is greater than that of the vacuum chamber (101).

8. A temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the limiting part (8) is located at the upper support block (1) and above the first support part (2), the limiting part (8) and the first support part (2) together form an assembly groove; then each connecting block, support part and limiting part (8) satisfies the following dimensional relationship: ； ； ； In the formula: This represents the distance between the top surface of the upper adapter block (5) and the top surface of the second support part (4) when the plasma is in a stopped state. This is expressed as the distance between the bottom surface of the limiting part (8) and the top surface of the second support part (4) when the plasma is in a stopped state; This represents the distance between the top surface of the upper transition block (5) and the bottom surface of the lower transition block (7) under plasma operating conditions. This represents the distance between the bottom surface of the limiting part (8) and the top surface of the second support part (4) during plasma operation. This represents the temperature of the vacuum chamber (101) under plasma operating conditions; This represents the temperature of the cladding module (6) under plasma operating conditions; This represents the temperature of the cladding module (6) under plasma shutdown conditions; The linear expansion coefficient of the cladding module (6) is expressed as the material linear expansion coefficient. The linear expansion coefficient of the material in the vacuum chamber (101) is expressed as the coefficient of thermal expansion.

9. A magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device employing the temperature compensation self-locking structure for internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The vacuum chamber (101) has five cladding modules (6) in a single sector, and all five cladding modules (6) are mounted on the supplied whole by the assembly on them.

10. A method for assembling a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device using the temperature compensation self-locking structure of internal components of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the upper support block (1) and the lower support block (3) at the corresponding positions in the vacuum chamber (101); Step 2: Install a limiting part (8) on the upper support block (1) above the first support part (2), so that the limiting part (8) and the first support part (2) together form an assembly groove; Step 3: Install the upper transition block (5) and the lower transition block (7) at the corresponding positions on the cladding module (6); Step 4: Align the upper adapter block (5) with the slot of the assembly slide and insert it. Then, when it slides to the designated position, let the upper adapter block (5) fall down naturally. At this time, the assembly insert (9) at the bottom of the upper adapter block (5) will be inserted into the assembly slot (10) at the top of the first support part (2). The assembly insert (9) at the bottom of the upper and lower adapter blocks (7) will be inserted into the assembly slot (10) at the top of the second support part (4), thus completing the assembly of the cladding module (6) in the vacuum chamber (101). Step 5: Repeat steps 3 to 4 above to complete the assembly of the remaining several sets of cladding modules (6).

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