Anti-deformation flexible photovoltaic support equipment and photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and discloses anti-deformation flexible photovoltaic support equipment and a photovoltaic power generation system. According to the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment, the prestressed cable net is adopted as an upper supporting structure, when the stand columns displace due to foundation settlement, the prestressed cable net dynamically adjusts stress distribution through the geometrical characteristics of the prestressed cable net, additional stress generated by differential settlement of the foundation is effectively absorbed and released, stress is prevented from being concentrated at structural nodes, and the deformation resistance of the stand columns is improved. Moreover, rigid transmission to the photovoltaic panel is avoided, and the risks of hidden crack of a glass cover plate of the photovoltaic panel and damage to a battery piece are reduced, so that the potential safety hazard of hot spots caused by fragmentation of the battery piece is eliminated. A height-adjustable stand column with a spherical hinge support is adopted as a lower supporting structure, when differential settlement occurs, the spherical hinge support allows the stand column to rotate freely within a preset angle range, vertical displacement caused by differential settlement is converted into rotating displacement of the stand column, and therefore the vertical displacement of the stand column is converted into rotating displacement of the stand column; bending and even fracture damage caused by the fact that the stand column bears huge bending moment are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, specifically to deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment and photovoltaic power generation systems. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued growth in global demand for renewable energy, the photovoltaic power generation industry is developing rapidly. However, the large-scale construction of photovoltaic power plants inevitably occupies a large amount of land resources. In order to reduce land costs and make full use of idle land, more and more photovoltaic power plants are being located in areas with complex geological conditions and relatively low land costs, such as coal mining subsidence areas.

[0003] Currently, onshore photovoltaic power plants generally adopt rigid support systems, which are mainly composed of C-shaped or U-shaped steel guide rails and supporting columns, with the two forming a rigid connection system through bolts. This structural form can meet the load-bearing requirements under traditional uniform and stable foundation conditions, and has advantages such as convenient installation, high structural rigidity, and controllable cost. Therefore, it is widely used in conventional ground-mounted photovoltaic projects.

[0004] However, when a rigid support system is in use, if uneven settlement of the foundation occurs, the internal stress generated by the differential settlement of the foundation cannot be effectively released through structural deformation due to the lack of deformation adaptability of the structure itself. This leads to stress concentration in weak parts such as welds, bolt holes and connection nodes of the support, which in turn causes damage such as guide rail twisting, structural buckling and even breakage of key nodes. The structural deformation of the support will be directly transmitted to the upper photovoltaic modules, causing microcracks or cracks in the module glass cover, damage to the cells, reduced power generation efficiency or even complete failure, and significantly increasing safety risks such as hot spots. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device and a photovoltaic power generation system to solve the problem of internal stress that cannot be released when uneven settlement of the foundation occurs.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device, comprising an upper support structure and a lower support structure. The upper support structure includes a prestressed cable net, which is a grid-like structure composed of longitudinally and laterally crisscrossed steel cables. The two ends of the steel cables are anchored to the foundation and prestressed, used to support the photovoltaic panels and allowing the release of internal stress caused by foundation settlement through changes in the shape of the cable net. The lower support structure includes multiple height-adjustable columns and ball joint supports disposed at the ends of the columns. The ball joint supports allow the columns to rotate within a predetermined angle range to convert the vertical displacement caused by uneven foundation settlement into rotational displacement, thereby preventing the columns from bending and breaking.

[0007] Beneficial effects: By using a prestressed cable net as the upper support structure, when the columns shift due to foundation settlement, the mesh-like prestressed cable net can dynamically adjust the stress distribution through its own geometric changes (flexible deformation), effectively absorbing and releasing the additional stress generated by differential foundation settlement, avoiding stress concentration at structural nodes, and the flexible deformation will not be rigidly transmitted to the photovoltaic panels, reducing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic panel glass cover and damage to the solar cells, thereby eliminating the safety hazard of hot spots caused by solar cell breakage. Secondly, by using height-adjustable columns with ball joint supports as the lower support structure, when uneven settlement occurs in the column foundation, the ball joint supports allow the columns to rotate freely within a predetermined angle range, efficiently converting the vertical displacement caused by uneven foundation settlement into rotational displacement of the columns, avoiding bending or even fracture damage to the columns under rigid connections due to huge bending moments, and ensuring the stability of the support structure.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the prestressed cable net includes multiple load-bearing main cables arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic array and stabilizing secondary cables arranged at intervals in the transverse direction. The load-bearing main cables and stabilizing secondary cables are fixedly connected at the intersection points through connecting nodes, and the two ends of the load-bearing main cables are anchored to the foundation by anchors.

[0009] Beneficial effects: By using longitudinally parallel load-bearing main cables as the primary load-bearing components, the weight of the photovoltaic panels and vertical loads such as wind and snow are directly borne, addressing the longitudinal differences in foundation settlement. Furthermore, the use of laterally spaced stabilizing secondary cables suppresses lateral displacement, thereby enhancing the overall stiffness and stability of the cable net. This prevents excessive local deformation and ensures the controllability of the cable net's geometry under stress, efficiently converting vertical displacement caused by uneven foundation settlement into elastic deformation of the cable net, rather than concentrating it at a single weak point. Simultaneously, the main load-bearing cables are anchored to the foundation at both ends and prestressed, ensuring not only the stability of the initial tension of the cable net but also the continuous and effective action of the prestress during foundation settlement, achieving real-time release of internal stress.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the connection node is a cable clamp, which includes a mounting housing with four cable positioning parts. The four cable positioning parts are divided into a first group and a second group. Two cable positioning parts in the first group are used to jointly support and constrain the load-bearing main cable; two cable positioning parts in the second group are used to jointly support and constrain the stabilizing secondary cable; wherein the constraint direction of the cable positioning parts in the first group on the load-bearing main cable and the constraint direction of the cable positioning parts in the second group on the stabilizing secondary cable are arranged intersectingly.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By dividing the four cable positioning parts of the cable clamp into the first group and the second group, which are used to constrain the load-bearing main cable (longitudinal) and the stabilizing secondary cable (lateral) respectively, and the two groups of constraint directions are arranged in a cross direction, when uneven settlement of the foundation causes multi-directional deformation of the cable net, the constraint force in the cross direction can effectively resist the relative slippage and torsion tendency of the steel cable, ensuring that the node always maintains a reliable connection under dynamic load, and avoiding the node from loosening or failing due to changes in the shape of the cable net.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the cable clamp further includes a fastener mounted on the mounting housing and located at the intersection of the axes of the first set of cable positioning portions and the second set of cable positioning portions. The fastener is configured to apply pressure to the intersection node to lock the relative positions of the load-bearing main cable and the stabilizing secondary cable at that node.

[0013] Beneficial effects: By using fasteners at the intersection of the axes of the two sets of cable positioning parts, vertical pressure is applied to the load-bearing main cable and the stabilizing secondary cable at the node, which can compress the two and form a mechanical lock. This ensures that the relative positions of the two at the node are accurately fixed during installation and will not slip or misalign due to cable net deformation caused by wind vibration, temperature changes or foundation settlement during use, thereby maintaining the geometric accuracy of the cable net mesh.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the upper support structure further includes a photovoltaic panel mounting assembly, which includes a mounting body and a buffer layer. The mounting body is used to mount the photovoltaic panel onto the steel cable of the prestressed cable net, and the buffer layer is disposed between the mounting body and the photovoltaic panel.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By installing an independent buffer layer between the mounting body supporting the photovoltaic panel and the photovoltaic panel itself, when the cable net changes shape due to uneven settlement of the foundation, the displacement and rotation of the steel cable are first transmitted to the mounting body. The buffer layer can absorb the micro-displacement and vibration from the cable net through its own elastic deformation, thereby achieving flexible decoupling between the supporting structure and the photovoltaic panel and avoiding the direct transmission of structural deformation to the glass cover.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, the mounting body is provided with a slot for accommodating the photovoltaic panel, and the buffer layer is installed on the inner wall of the slot.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The mounting body is equipped with a dedicated slot for accommodating photovoltaic panels, and a buffer layer is applied to the entire inner surface of the slot. When the photovoltaic panel frame is inserted into the slot, the buffer layer forms a continuous and uniform flexible contact surface around the frame (including the bottom, sides, and possibly the top). When foundation settlement or wind load causes micro-deformation of the support structure, the buffer layer can evenly absorb and disperse stress, preventing stress concentration at the edges or corners of the photovoltaic panel (such as hidden cracks in the glass cover plate in traditional rigid installations), significantly reducing the component breakage rate and improving structural reliability.

[0018] In one alternative embodiment, the ball joint support includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, and a spherical limiting structure disposed thereon, the spherical limiting structure being configured to allow the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate to rotate within a predetermined angle range.

[0019] Beneficial effects: By setting a spherical limiting structure between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the two form a rotating pair through spherical cooperation, ensuring that the vertical displacement caused by foundation settlement is only converted into rotational displacement within a predetermined angle range, avoiding structural instability or accidental breakage of the column due to excessive rotation, and preventing column bending damage caused by sudden displacement in traditional rigid connections, thereby improving the reliability of the lower support structure.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the column includes a first tube, a second tube, and a locking part, wherein the first tube and the second tube are sleeved together and axially fixed by the locking part.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By connecting the first and second pipes and fixing them axially with a locking mechanism, a telescopic mechanical structure is formed. When uneven settlement of the foundation causes differences in the elevation of each column foundation, the overall height of the column can be changed by adjusting the relative sleeve length of the inner and outer pipes, thereby compensating for the height difference caused by settlement.

[0022] In one optional embodiment, the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device further includes a tensioning structure, which comprises a pressure sensor, a control terminal, and an actuator. The pressure sensor is disposed at the anchoring end of the prestressed cable net and is used to collect tension data of the steel cable in real time. The control terminal is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and is used to receive the tension data and determine whether it is below a preset threshold. The actuator is disposed at the tensioning point of the prestressed cable net and is electrically connected to the control terminal. When the control terminal determines that the tension data is below the preset threshold, it controls the actuator to apply tension force to the steel cable.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By installing pressure sensors at the anchorage ends of the prestressed cable net, the tension data of the steel cables can be collected in real time and continuously. The control terminal receives this data and compares it with a preset threshold. When the tension is determined to be below the threshold, the actuator is activated to apply tension to the steel cables, forming a closed-loop control mechanism of real-time monitoring and automatic compensation. For example, when uneven settlement occurs in the foundation, the tension of some steel cables will decrease due to changes in the shape of the cable net. The pressure sensors can collect and provide feedback immediately, and the control terminal can quickly determine the cause and trigger the actuator to perform compensation.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic power generation system, including the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device provided in the first aspect.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Since the photovoltaic power generation system includes anti-deformation flexible photovoltaic support equipment, it has the same effect as the anti-deformation flexible photovoltaic support equipment, which will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A perspective view of the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A partial perspective view of the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial perspective view of the upper support structure in the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the photovoltaic panel mounting assembly in the anti-deformation flexible photovoltaic support equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the column in the lower support structure of the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front view of the ball joint support in the lower support structure of the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Upper support structure; 11. Prestressed cable net; 111. Load-bearing main cable; 112. Stabilizing secondary cable; 12. Cable clamp; 121. Mounting shell; 122. Cable positioning part; 123. Fastener; 13. Photovoltaic panel mounting assembly; 131. Mounting body; 132. Buffer layer; 2. Lower support structure; 21. Column; 211. First tube body; 212. Second tube body; 213. Pin shaft; 214. Pin hole; 22. Ball joint support; 221. First connecting plate; 222. Second connecting plate; 223. First rotating part; 224. Second rotating part; 225. Limiting protrusion; 226. Limiting groove; 3. Tensioning structure; 31. Pressure sensor; 32. Control terminal; 33. Actuator; 4. Photovoltaic panels. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] According to embodiments of the present invention, in one aspect, a deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes an upper support structure 1 and a lower support structure 2.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the upper support structure 1 includes a prestressed cable net 11, which is a grid structure composed of steel cables arranged longitudinally and laterally. The two ends of the steel cables are anchored to the foundation and prestressed, which is used to support the photovoltaic panel 4 and allows the release of internal stress caused by foundation settlement by changing the shape of the cable net.

[0034] Similarly, as Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lower support structure 2 includes multiple height-adjustable columns 21 and ball joint supports 22 disposed at the ends of the columns 21. The ball joint supports 22 allow the columns 21 to rotate within a predetermined angle range to convert the vertical displacement caused by uneven settlement of the foundation into rotational displacement and prevent the columns 21 from bending and breaking.

[0035] With this configuration, by using prestressed cable net 11 as the upper support structure 1, when the column 21 is displaced due to foundation settlement, the mesh-like prestressed cable net 11 can dynamically adjust the stress distribution through its own geometric change (flexible deformation), effectively absorbing and releasing the additional stress generated by differential foundation settlement, avoiding stress concentration at structural nodes, and the flexible deformation will not be rigidly transmitted to the photovoltaic panel 4, reducing the risk of microcracks in the glass cover of the photovoltaic panel 4 and damage to the solar cells, thereby eliminating the safety hazard of hot spots caused by solar cell breakage.

[0036] Secondly, by using a height-adjustable column 21 with a ball joint support 22 as the lower support structure 2, when uneven settlement occurs in the foundation of column 21, the ball joint support 22 allows column 21 to rotate freely within a predetermined angle range, efficiently converting the vertical displacement caused by uneven settlement of the foundation into the rotational displacement of column 21, avoiding bending or even breakage of column 21 due to huge bending moment under rigid connection, and ensuring the stability of the support structure.

[0037] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the prestressed cable net 11 includes multiple load-bearing main cables 111 arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic array and stable secondary cables 112 arranged at intervals in the transverse direction. The load-bearing main cables 111 and the stable secondary cables 112 are fixedly connected at the intersection through connection nodes. The two ends of the load-bearing main cables 111 are anchored to the foundation through anchors and are prestressed.

[0038] This configuration, using the longitudinally parallel load-bearing main cable 111 as the main load-bearing component, directly bears the weight of the photovoltaic panel 4 and vertical loads such as wind and snow, thus addressing the longitudinal differences in foundation settlement. Furthermore, by using the laterally spaced stabilizing secondary cables 112, lateral displacement is suppressed, thereby enhancing the overall stiffness and stability of the cable net, avoiding excessive local deformation, and ensuring that the cable net maintains controllable geometric shape under stress. This allows the vertical displacement caused by uneven foundation settlement to be efficiently converted into elastic deformation of the cable net, rather than being concentrated at a single weak point.

[0039] Meanwhile, the two ends of the load-bearing main cable 111 are anchored to the foundation and prestressed, which not only ensures the stability of the initial tension of the cable net, but also ensures that the prestress can continue to work effectively during the foundation settlement process, so as to realize the real-time release of internal stress.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the connecting node is a cable clamp 12, which includes a mounting housing 121. The mounting housing 121 has four cable positioning parts 122, which are divided into a first group and a second group. The two cable positioning parts 122 in the first group are used to jointly support and constrain the load-bearing main cable 111; the two cable positioning parts 122 in the second group are used to jointly support and constrain the stabilizing secondary cable 112. The constraint direction of the first group of cable positioning parts 122 on the load-bearing main cable 111 and the constraint direction of the second group of cable positioning parts 122 on the stabilizing secondary cable 112 are arranged intersecting.

[0041] With this configuration, the four cable positioning parts 122 of the cable clamp 12 are divided into a first group and a second group, which are used to constrain the load-bearing main cable 111 (longitudinal) and the stabilizing secondary cable 112 (lateral), respectively. The two groups of constraint directions are arranged in a cross direction. When uneven settlement of the foundation causes multi-directional deformation of the cable net, the constraint force in the cross direction can effectively resist the relative slippage and torsion of the steel cable, ensuring that the node always maintains a reliable connection under dynamic load, and avoiding the node from loosening or failing due to changes in the shape of the cable net.

[0042] It can be noted that the cable clamp 12 also includes a fastener 123, which is mounted on the mounting housing 121 and located at the intersection of the axes of the first set of cable positioning parts 122 and the second set of cable positioning parts 122. The fastener 123 is configured to apply pressure to the intersection node to lock the relative positions of the load-bearing main cable 111 and the stabilizing secondary cable 112 at the node.

[0043] This configuration, by using fasteners 123 at the intersection of the axes of the two sets of cable positioning parts 122, applies vertical pressure to the load-bearing main cable 111 and the stabilizing secondary cable 112 at the node, which can compress the two and form a mechanical lock, ensuring that the relative positions of the two at the node are accurately fixed during installation, and that they will not slip or misalign due to deformation of the cable net caused by wind vibration, temperature changes or foundation settlement during use, thereby maintaining the geometric accuracy of the cable net mesh.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper support structure 1 also includes a photovoltaic panel mounting assembly 13. The photovoltaic panel mounting assembly 13 includes a mounting body 131 and a buffer layer 132. The mounting body 131 is used to mount the photovoltaic panel 4 onto the steel cable of the prestressed cable net 11. The buffer layer 132 is disposed between the mounting body 131 and the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0045] With this configuration, by installing an independent buffer layer 132 between the mounting body 131 that supports the photovoltaic panel 4 and the photovoltaic panel 4 itself, when the cable net changes shape due to uneven settlement of the foundation, the displacement and rotation of the steel cable are first transmitted to the mounting body 131. The buffer layer 132 can absorb the micro-displacement and vibration from the cable net through its own elastic deformation, thereby achieving flexible decoupling between the supporting structure and the photovoltaic panel 4 and preventing structural deformation from being directly transmitted to the glass cover.

[0046] It can be noted that the mounting body 131 is provided with a slot for accommodating the photovoltaic panel 4, and the buffer layer 132 is installed on the inner wall of the slot.

[0047] With this configuration, the mounting body 131 has a dedicated slot for accommodating the photovoltaic panel 4, and the buffer layer 132 is laid on the entire inner wall surface of the slot. When the frame of the photovoltaic panel 4 is inserted into the slot, the buffer layer 132 forms a continuous and uniform flexible contact surface around the frame (including the bottom, sides, and possibly the top). When the foundation settlement or wind load causes micro-deformation of the support, the buffer layer 132 can uniformly absorb and disperse the stress, avoiding stress concentration at the edges or corners of the photovoltaic panel 4 (such as the hidden cracks in the glass cover plate in traditional rigid installations), significantly reducing the component breakage rate and improving structural reliability.

[0048] It can be noted that the buffer layer 132 is made of high molecular elastic materials, such as polyurethane and EPDM rubber, which have good compression resilience and energy absorption capacity.

[0049] With this configuration, when the cable net deforms and causes the mounting body 131 to tilt or shift slightly, the buffer layer 132 undergoes elastic compression or shear deformation between the mounting body 131 and the frame of the photovoltaic panel 4, transforming the concentrated point contact or line contact stress into uniform surface contact stress. This reduces the local stress transmitted to the glass of the photovoltaic panel 4, effectively preventing microcracks in the glass cover and microcracks in the solar cells, thus ensuring the power generation efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the ball joint support 22 includes a first connecting plate 221, a second connecting plate 222, and a spherical limiting structure disposed on both. The spherical limiting structure is configured to allow the first connecting plate 221 and the second connecting plate 222 to rotate within a predetermined angle range.

[0051] With this configuration, a spherical limiting structure is set between the first connecting plate 221 and the second connecting plate 222. The two form a rotating pair through spherical cooperation, ensuring that the vertical displacement caused by foundation settlement is only converted into rotational displacement within a predetermined angle range. This avoids structural instability or accidental breakage of the column 21 due to excessive rotation, and at the same time prevents bending damage of the column 21 caused by sudden displacement in traditional rigid connections, thereby improving the reliability of the lower support structure 2.

[0052] It should be noted that the specific structure of the spherical limiting structure is not limited in this embodiment.

[0053] It can be explained that the spherical limiting structure includes a first rotating part 223 disposed on the first connecting plate 221 and a second rotating part 224 disposed on the second connecting plate 222.

[0054] The first rotating part 223 has a limiting groove 226, and the second rotating part 224 has a limiting protrusion 225. During installation, the limiting protrusion 225 is accommodated in the limiting groove 226, and a gap is formed between at least one outer wall of the limiting protrusion 225 and the inner wall of the limiting groove 226 to allow the first rotating part 223 and the second rotating part 224 to rotate relative to each other.

[0055] During use, when uneven settlement occurs in the foundation, the first rotating part 223 and the second rotating part 224 rotate relative to each other. When the outer wall of the limiting protrusion 225 abuts against the inner wall of the limiting groove 226 in a certain rotation direction, the maximum rotation stroke in that direction is reached, thereby limiting the rotation range.

[0056] In one embodiment, the column 21 includes a first tube 211, a second tube 212 and a locking part, wherein the first tube 211 and the second tube 212 are sleeved together and are axially fixed by the locking part.

[0057] This configuration, by connecting the first pipe body 211 and the second pipe body 212 and fixing them axially through the locking part, forms a telescopic mechanical structure. When uneven settlement of the foundation causes differences in the foundation elevation of each column 21, the overall height of the column 21 can be changed by adjusting the relative sleeve length of the inner and outer pipe bodies, thereby compensating for the height difference caused by settlement.

[0058] It can be noted that the configuration of the locking part is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and it is only necessary to achieve axial relative fixation of the first tube 211 and the second tube 212.

[0059] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the locking part includes a pin shaft 213, and the first tube 211 and the second tube 212 are provided with corresponding pin holes 214. The inner wall of the pin hole 214 is adapted to the outer wall of the pin shaft 213.

[0060] Furthermore, the pin shaft 213 and the pin hole 214 adopt a tapered structure.

[0061] Preferably, one end of the pin shaft 213 is smaller than the pin hole 214. During installation, this end is inserted into the pin hole 214 of the first tube 211 and the pin hole 214 of the second tube 212 in sequence. The other end is larger than the pin hole 214 and serves as a limiting end.

[0062] The smaller end of the pin shaft 213 has a radially extending mounting hole. After the pin hole 214 is installed in place, a fastener 123 is used to install it into the mounting hole to fix the two ends of the pin shaft 213.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment also includes a tensioning structure 3, which comprises a pressure sensor 31, a control terminal 32, and an actuator 33. The pressure sensor 31 is located at the anchoring end of the prestressed cable net 11 and is used to collect tension data of the steel cable in real time. The control terminal 32 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 31 and is used to receive the tension data and determine whether it is below a preset threshold. The actuator 33 is located at the tensioning point of the prestressed cable net 11 and is electrically connected to the control terminal 32. When the control terminal 32 determines that the tension data is below the preset threshold, it controls the actuator 33 to apply tension force to the steel cable.

[0064] With this setup, a pressure sensor 31 is installed at the anchorage end of the prestressed cable net 11 to continuously collect the tension data of the steel cables in real time. The control terminal 32 receives this data and compares it with a preset threshold. When the tension is determined to be below the threshold, the actuator 33 is activated to apply tension to the steel cables, forming a closed-loop control mechanism of real-time monitoring and automatic compensation. For example, when uneven settlement occurs in the foundation, the tension of some steel cables will decrease due to changes in the shape of the cable net. The pressure sensor 31 can collect and provide feedback immediately, and the control terminal 32 can quickly determine and trigger the actuator 33 to perform compensation.

[0065] It can be noted that the control terminal 32 is equipped with a programmable logic controller (PLC), which contains the initial prestress setting value and normal operating fluctuation range for each steel cable. During use, the PLC calculates the force difference between each cable based on the tension data collected in real time and determines whether compensation is required.

[0066] For example, when the PLC determines that the tension of one or more steel cables is lower than a preset threshold and the duration exceeds 30 seconds, tension compensation is initiated.

[0067] Furthermore, the tension compensation measures include: installing hydraulic tension compensation cylinders at the middle and ends of the cable net as actuating components, which consist of a cylinder body, piston rod, built-in displacement sensor, and servo valve block, accumulator and pressure transmitter integrated on the cylinder body.

[0068] One end of the piston rod is connected to the cable net anchor point, while the other end (cylinder body) is fixed to the support foundation or rigid structure.

[0069] All compensating cylinders are connected to a central hydraulic power unit (including a motor, oil pump, oil tank, filter, and cooling system) via hydraulic lines. The PLC controls the high-precision electro-hydraulic servo valve integrated on each compensating cylinder to regulate the flow and direction of hydraulic oil entering the rodless or rod chamber of the cylinder.

[0070] In operation, the PLC sends a control signal to the electro-hydraulic servo valve of the target compensation cylinder based on the cable tension deviation. The servo valve then activates according to the signal, controlling the injection of hydraulic oil into the rodless chamber of the compensation cylinder, pushing the piston rod out. The extension of the piston rod directly pulls the connected anchor point, thereby tightening the steel cable and compensating for cable tension losses caused by foundation settlement, material creep, or temperature changes.

[0071] With this setup, the entire compensation process employs a position-force dual closed-loop control strategy. The built-in displacement sensor provides real-time feedback on the piston rod stroke, while the pressure transmitter provides real-time feedback on the cylinder pressure (converted to tension). The PLC compares the target cable force with the actual cable force, and the target compensation displacement with the actual displacement, dynamically adjusting the servo valve opening until the cable force is precisely restored to the set range. Subsequently, the servo valve closes, and the piston rod locks in its current position.

[0072] At the same time, the PLC can issue commands to multiple compensation cylinders that need compensation simultaneously. By controlling the flow of each servo valve, it ensures that the overall shape of the cable net changes smoothly and in a coordinated manner during the multi-cable adjustment process, and avoids the introduction of new uneven stress due to drastic adjustment at a single point.

[0073] It should be noted that setting a maximum compensation travel limit (such as corresponding to a maximum estimated foundation settlement of 300mm) and a maximum pressure limit can prevent overcompensation.

[0074] In the event of a hydraulic system failure or power outage, the accumulator in the compensating cylinder can provide temporary pressure maintenance, or the piston rod can be locked by a mechanical locking device (such as a manual locking screw) to ensure system safety.

[0075] In addition, the PLC has a self-diagnostic function, which will issue an audible and visual alarm and record the fault code when an abnormality occurs.

[0076] It can be noted that the control terminal has a human-machine interface at 32 locations, which is used to display the tension of each cable and the status of the system in real time, and allows maintenance personnel to remotely set thresholds, view alarm information and manually intervene in the control.

[0077] It can be noted that the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment also includes elastic buffer components, such as disc springs and damping blocks. In use, the disc springs are arranged in series at the anchor points, and their stiffness is calculated to match the wind vibration frequency; the damping blocks are located at the ball joint support 22, and absorb the impact through shear deformation.

[0078] In the above embodiments, when uneven settlement of the foundation occurs during use, the foundation settlement first causes a height difference in the columns 21. The vertical displacement is converted into angular deflection by the rotation of the ball joint support 22 (e.g., ±5°), thus preventing the columns 21 from bending. The height difference of the columns 21 causes local slack in the cable net. Through the redistribution of the prestress and the change in shape (from a plane to a curved surface) of the cable net itself, the local concentrated stress is diffused to the entire cable net. The pressure sensor 31 in the tensioning device monitors the tension change in real time. When the tension is lower than the set threshold, hydraulic compensation is automatically activated to restore the prestress of the cable net. The elastic buffer components (disc springs, damping blocks) undergo elastic deformation under dynamic loads to absorb the energy of wind vibration and settlement impact, preventing the stress surge from being transmitted to the components.

[0079] That is, by forming a four-fold synergistic mechanism of hinged rotation, cable net deformation, prestress compensation, and elastic buffering, the system can achieve adaptive coordination under the asynchronous settlement of multiple foundation columns and avoid local overload.

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a photovoltaic power generation system is also provided, including the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device provided in the first aspect.

[0081] This setup is because the photovoltaic power generation system includes deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment, which has the same effect as the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0082] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support device, characterized in that, include: The upper support structure (1) includes a prestressed cable net (11), which is a grid structure composed of steel cables arranged longitudinally and laterally. The two ends of the steel cables are anchored to the foundation and prestressed to support the photovoltaic panel (4) and allow the release of internal stress caused by foundation settlement by changing the shape of the cable net. The lower support structure (2) includes multiple height-adjustable columns (21) and ball joint supports (22) set at the ends of the columns (21). The ball joint supports (22) allow the columns (21) to rotate within a predetermined angle range to convert the vertical displacement caused by uneven settlement of the foundation into rotational displacement and avoid bending damage to the columns (21).

2. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prestressed cable net (11) includes multiple load-bearing main cables (111) arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic array and stable secondary cables (112) arranged at intervals in the transverse direction. The load-bearing main cables (111) and stable secondary cables (112) are fixedly connected at the intersection by connecting nodes. The two ends of the load-bearing main cables (111) are anchored to the foundation by anchors.

3. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting node is a cable clamp (12), and the cable clamp (12) includes: The mounting housing (121) has four cable positioning parts (122), which are divided into a first group and a second group. The two cable positioning parts (122) in the first group are used to jointly support and constrain the load-bearing main cable (111); the two cable positioning parts (122) in the second group are used to jointly support and constrain the stabilizing secondary cable (112). The first group of cable positioning parts (122) constrains the load-bearing main cable (111) in a direction that intersects with the second group of cable positioning parts (122) constrains the stable secondary cable (112).

4. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cable clamp (12) also includes a fastener (123) which is mounted on the mounting housing (121) and located at the intersection of the axes of the first set of cable positioning parts (122) and the second set of cable positioning parts (122). The fastener (123) is configured to apply pressure to the intersection node to lock the relative positions of the load-bearing main cable (111) and the stabilizing secondary cable (112) at the node.

5. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The upper support structure (1) also includes a photovoltaic panel mounting assembly (13), which includes a mounting body (131) and a buffer layer (132). The mounting body (131) is used to install the photovoltaic panel (4) onto the steel cable of the prestressed cable net (11), and the buffer layer (132) is disposed between the mounting body (131) and the photovoltaic panel (4).

6. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting body (131) is provided with a slot for accommodating the photovoltaic panel (4), and the buffer layer (132) is installed on the inner wall of the slot.

7. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The column (21) includes a first tube (211), a second tube (212) and a locking part. The first tube (211) and the second tube (212) are sleeved together and are axially fixed by the locking part.

8. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The ball joint support (22) includes a first connecting plate (221), a second connecting plate (222), and a spherical limiting structure disposed thereon. The spherical limiting structure is configured to allow the first connecting plate (221) and the second connecting plate (222) to rotate within a predetermined angle range.

9. The deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a tensioning structure (3), which comprises: A pressure sensor (31) is installed at the anchoring end of the prestressed cable net (11) to collect tension data of the steel cable in real time; The control terminal (32) is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (31) and is used to receive tension data and determine whether it is below a preset threshold. The actuator (33) is located at the tensioning point of the prestressed cable net (11) and is electrically connected to the control terminal (32); When the control terminal (32) determines that the tension data is lower than a preset threshold, it controls the actuator (33) to apply tension to the steel cable.

10. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that, The device includes the deformation-resistant flexible photovoltaic support equipment as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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