Liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish collecting device and self-luminous fish luring method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine fishery equipment and fishery engineering, and discloses a liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish collecting device and a self-luminous fish luring method of the liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish collecting device. The upper self-luminous bionic lotus leaf can actively sink to the preset safe water depth from the surface layer when wind waves are enhanced, and the stable wave avoiding state is kept when needed; a strong stormy wave acting area on the surface layer is effectively avoided, and the environment adaptability and survival ability under the complex sea condition are remarkably improved; the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf is prepared from an organic long-afterglow luminescent material, after being excited by natural light or artificial light, the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf can continuously emit blue light, blue-green light or green light signals under the condition of no external power supply, and continuous trapping of phototactic fishes is achieved at night or in a weak light environment; a complex power supply system and a watertight electrical structure are omitted, and the use convenience and reliability under the condition of long-term layout on the sea are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine fishery equipment and fishery engineering technology, specifically relating to a liftable, wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device and its self-luminous fish-attracting method. Background Technology

[0002] Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) are a type of marine fisheries equipment that attracts fish through floating bodies, underwater attachments, shielding effects, and environmental stimuli. They are widely used in deep-sea and near-sea fishery resource attraction, fish farm creation, and fishery resource conservation. Based on their deployment methods, existing fish aggregating devices are mainly divided into two categories: drifting fish aggregating devices and anchored fish aggregating devices. Anchored fish aggregating devices typically consist of a float, mooring lines, an anchor or anchoring end, and underwater attraction components. They can create a continuous fish attraction and aggregation effect in relatively fixed sea areas, thus having high application value in specific fishing ground environments and ecological restoration fishery facilities.

[0003] In existing technologies, the fish-attracting mechanism of artificial fish-attracting devices mainly relies on the shadow area created by the floating body, the habitat or shelter provided by the underwater suspended components, and the fish-gathering effect generated by local flow field changes. To further improve fish-attracting efficiency, some existing technologies have also introduced techniques such as light-based fish attraction, reflective material fish attraction, or additional electronic equipment fish attraction to enhance the attraction of target fish at night or in low-visibility environments. Meanwhile, addressing the challenges of complex sea conditions and the susceptibility of devices to wave impacts, some existing technologies have attempted to improve the wave resistance and operational stability of artificial fish-attracting devices at sea by optimizing the shape of the floating body, strengthening the anchoring strength, and improving the mooring structure.

[0004] A search revealed that publications CN103535305A, CN106135075A, and CN205511641U all utilize floating bodies on or near the sea surface and underwater suspended structures to create a sheltered, attaching, and attracting environment for fish, supplemented by light stimulation to enhance the gathering and retention effect on fish schools. Although existing technologies exist that use fish-attracting lights and other components to attract fish with light, these technologies mainly use external lighting fixtures as the fish-attracting light source. Their light-emitting units, power supply systems, and installation structures are relatively independent, lacking integrated design with the main body of the artificial fish-attracting device.

[0005] In particular, regarding structural design, the aforementioned patents typically lack a lifting mechanism capable of actively adjusting the device's working height or immersion depth according to changes in sea conditions. Consequently, the working position and underwater suspension depth of the float generally remain essentially unchanged after deployment, making it difficult to actively adjust the device's working height or immersion depth based on wave strength. When sea waves intensify, the main body of the device remains in the area affected by strong waves for an extended period, making it susceptible to continuous impact. Under the combined effects of waves, currents, and wind loads, the float is also prone to significant heave, roll, and pitch movements, leading to increased tension in the mooring cables and concentrated stress on critical connections. This can easily cause structural fatigue, component loosening, or even overall damage, affecting the long-term safe and stable operation of the device in complex marine environments. Furthermore, the surface structure is not constructed using materials with self-luminous properties; it primarily relies on fish-attracting lights, LED lights, or other external light-emitting modules, essentially constituting an add-on lighting fish-attracting technology. These types of luminescent components are usually independently installed outside the main body of the artificial fish-attracting device, resulting in problems such as dispersed structure, complex connections, and inconvenient installation and maintenance. Their power supply methods mostly rely on independent batteries, external power supplies, or simple electronic modules. In high-humidity, high-salt, and highly corrosive marine environments, they are prone to sealing failures, circuit aging, and unstable power supply, leading to attenuation or interruption of the luminescence effect, thus affecting the continuity and reliability of the fish-attracting function. Consequently, a synergistic solution combining a liftable wave-avoiding structure with a self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf has not been formed. It is difficult to simultaneously meet the multiple requirements of structural safety, stable operation, continuous fish attraction, and convenient maintenance under complex sea conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a liftable, wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device and its self-luminous fish-attracting method. The device achieves active fish-attracting under normal operating conditions and controlled sinking and wave-avoiding under harsh sea conditions through the coordinated operation of a self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf, an annular float assembly, a guide chain concentrator assembly, a porous annular fish-attracting chamber, an anchoring assembly, and a double-locking pin fixing assembly. This device combines advantages such as excellent fish-attracting effect, high structural stability, strong wind and wave resistance, and strong adaptability to complex marine environments.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A liftable, wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device includes a main traction chain, a traction buoy, an annular float assembly, a self-illuminating bionic lotus leaf, and a fish-attracting chamber. The main traction chain is arranged along the water depth direction and is fixedly connected to the traction buoy at its top. A guide chain coiler is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main traction chain. The fish-attracting chamber is arranged below the guide chain coiler along the water depth direction, and a reversing mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the fish-attracting chamber. Multiple secondary traction chains are fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide chain coiler. Each secondary traction chain extends along the water depth direction and then is reversed by the reversing mechanism to extend in the opposite direction along the water depth direction. One end of each of the multiple secondary traction chains is connected to the annular float assembly. The upper surface of the annular float assembly is fixedly connected to the self-illuminating bionic lotus leaf.

[0008] Preferably, the traction buoy is a spherical buoy, and the bottom of the spherical buoy is fixed to the main traction chain.

[0009] Preferably, the annular floating body assembly includes several fixed rings and several floats. The axial direction of the several fixed rings is parallel to the water depth direction, and the several fixed rings are fixed to each other to form a fixed platform. The tops of the several fixed rings are jointly fixed to the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf. Each of the floats is detachably and fixedly connected to a fixed ring; one end of each of the auxiliary traction chains is reversed by a reversing mechanism and then fixed to each fixed ring.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom unfolded area of ​​the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf is larger than the horizontal area of ​​the fixed platform.

[0011] Preferably, the reversing mechanism is a guide pulley assembly; the guide pulley assembly includes a pulley bracket and a guide pulley. The pulley bracket is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fish-attracting chamber, and the guide pulley is rotatably installed on the pulley bracket; the radial direction of the guide pulley is parallel to the water depth direction, the bottom of the guide pulley's circumferential surface has a guide pulley lower contact surface, the secondary traction chain is wound around the guide pulley, and the secondary traction chain contacts the guide pulley lower contact surface to realize the reversal of the secondary traction chain.

[0012] Preferably, the self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf has a rigid-flexible structure with a rigid center and flexible edges, and is manufactured in the following manner: A self-luminescent film-forming liquid is formed by physical processes and chemical reactions using organic long-afterglow luminescent materials, and then formed on a biomimetic lotus leaf substrate.

[0013] Preferably, the organic long-afterglow luminescent material is a phosphorescent material; more specifically, the organic long-afterglow luminescent material is a phosphorescent material.

[0014] Preferably, the fish-attracting chamber is a porous annular wall type fish-attracting chamber, and the porous annular wall type fish-attracting chamber has a hollow annular wall structure, and its wall surface has multiple penetrating holes.

[0015] Preferably, the liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device further includes an anchoring component, and the bottom of the porous annular wall-type fish-attracting chamber is connected to the anchoring component via a fixed chain; and the anchoring component has a flow-guiding structure.

[0016] Preferably, the anchoring assembly includes a porous outer ring guide wall, a porous inner ring guide wall, a hollow guide cone, and a three-arch support base; the porous outer ring guide wall, the porous inner ring guide wall, and the hollow guide cone are concentrically connected in sequence to form a guide structure; The bottom of the porous inner ring guide wall is sealed to the bottom of the porous outer ring guide wall; the area between the porous outer ring guide wall and the porous inner ring guide wall serves as a first interlayer chamber, and the area between the porous inner ring guide wall and the hollow guide cone serves as a second interlayer chamber. Both the first and second interlayer chambers extend in opposite directions along the water depth and are open on the upper surface of the porous outer ring guide wall; the hollow guide cone has a guide cone chamber that matches the hollow guide cone, and the guide cone chamber is open along the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow guide cone, with the lower surface of the hollow guide cone extending out of the porous outer ring guide wall; and a three-arch support base is installed on the bottom lower surface of the porous outer ring guide wall. The upper surface of the porous outer ring guide wall is connected to the porous ring wall fish-attracting chamber by several fixed chains.

[0017] A self-luminescent fish-attracting method, using the aforementioned device, includes the following steps: The self-luminescent bionic lotus leaf on the liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device floats on the water surface. In dark environments, the self-luminescent bionic lotus leaf emits light, thereby continuously emitting a fish-attracting light signal; this fish-attracting light signal passes through the water surface and enters the water to form a light path to attract fish. In bright environments, fish are attracted by the dynamic swaying of the flexible edge of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf, which is caused by the structure of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf itself and the action of water waves.

[0018] Preferably, the self-luminous fish-attracting method further includes perforations and a hollow ring wall structure in the porous ring wall fish-attracting chamber to provide space for fish to shuttle, hide, and stay; the flow-guiding structure of the anchoring component can form local upflow and back vortex regions to further enhance fish aggregation.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Achieving Autonomous Sinking and Wave Avoidance of the Upper Fish-Attracting Structure: This invention utilizes the coordinated design of the traction buoy, main traction chain, secondary traction chain, guide chain convergence assembly, and double-locking pin fixing assembly to enable the upper self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf to actively sink from the surface to a preset safe water depth when wind and waves intensify, and maintain a stable wave-avoidance state when needed. Compared with existing fixed artificial fish-attracting devices, this invention can effectively avoid the area affected by strong winds and waves on the surface, reduce the risk of damage to the device in harsh sea conditions, and significantly improve the environmental adaptability and survivability in complex sea conditions. Furthermore, it achieves self-luminous fish attraction without continuous power supply: This invention uses organic long-afterglow luminescent materials to prepare self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaves. After being excited by natural or artificial light, it can continuously emit blue, blue-green, or green light signals without continuous external power supply, thereby achieving continuous attraction of phototactic fish at night or in low-light environments. Compared with traditional light-attracting methods that rely on LED lights, fish-attracting lights, or battery systems, this invention eliminates the need for complex power supply systems and watertight electrical structures, significantly improving the ease of use and reliability of the device under long-term deployment at sea.

[0020] 2. The rigid-flexible structure improves wave resistance and structural stability: The self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf in this invention adopts a rigid-flexible structure with a rigid center and flexible edges; the flexible edges can undergo moderate elastic deformation under the action of waves, thereby buffering some of the wave impact energy; the rigid central area can ensure the overall shape stability and reliable connection; compared with the traditional all-rigid surface fish-attracting structure, this invention can reduce local impact loads and stress concentration at connection points, and improve the service stability and structural safety of the device in a wave environment. 3. Forming a composite fish-attracting effect and enhancing fish aggregation ability: This invention not only relies on self-luminous materials to generate continuous light-attracting signals, but also combines the shading area formed by biomimetic lotus leaves and the dynamic swaying of flexible edges under the action of wave currents to form a composite fish-attracting mechanism that combines "luminescent attraction - shadow attraction - dynamic attraction". At the same time, the porous ring-walled fish-attracting chamber can provide fish with space to shuttle, hide and stay, and the flow guiding structure of the anchoring component can form local upflow and back vortex areas, further enhancing the fish aggregation, stay and attachment effects. Therefore, compared with single light attraction or single shading device, this invention has a stronger comprehensive fish-attracting ability.

[0021] 4. Improve the stability and reliability of long-term deployment: Through the synergistic design of "self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf + liftable wave-avoiding structure + flow guiding structure in anchoring components", this invention can reduce wave impact damage, structural fatigue and drift risk caused by long-term surface exposure, thereby improving the stability and reliability of long-term offshore deployment and extending the service life of the device.

[0022] 5. Reduced energy consumption and operating costs: This invention utilizes organic long-afterglow luminescent materials to achieve self-luminous fish attraction, eliminating the need for continuous power supply. This avoids the continuous investment in batteries, power cables, lighting systems, and related waterproof electrical components required by traditional light-attracting equipment, and can significantly reduce energy consumption costs and energy replenishment needs during device operation.

[0023] 6. Reduced maintenance and replacement costs: Since the upper fish-attracting structure of this invention can autonomously sink and avoid waves in harsh sea conditions, it reduces damage, breakage, detachment and drifting caused by strong winds and waves. Therefore, it can effectively reduce the frequency of device maintenance, replacement and recovery. Especially for offshore, off-shore or long-term deployment scenarios, this invention helps to reduce the number of manual inspections and maintenance operations, thereby reducing the overall operation and maintenance costs.

[0024] 7. Improve the efficiency and service life of the device: The present invention has two working modes: normal fish attraction and wave avoidance in bad sea conditions. This allows the artificial fish attracting device to maintain efficient fish attraction in suitable sea conditions and maintain structural safety in unfavorable sea conditions, reducing downtime caused by equipment damage. Therefore, the present invention is conducive to improving the effective working time and overall efficiency of the device, and improving the input-output ratio of the equipment.

[0025] 8. Possesses significant economic value for widespread application: The invention has a well-defined structure and high functional integration. Its self-luminous fish-attracting method reduces the dependence of traditional electric fish-attracting equipment on energy and complex electrical systems. At the same time, its liftable and wave-avoiding function improves the applicability of the device in various sea conditions. Therefore, it has good prospects for engineering applications and equipment promotion value, and can provide new economic growth points for ecological artificial fish-attracting equipment, marine ranching facilities and related fishery equipment industries.

[0026] 9. It is conducive to promoting the development of green and low-carbon fishery equipment: The present invention uses self-luminous materials to replace part of the traditional continuous power supply light source, which can reduce energy consumption and the use of electrical equipment. It is in line with the development direction of green, low-carbon and energy-saving modern fishery equipment, and is conducive to promoting the green transformation of fishing equipment and artificial fish collection equipment.

[0027] 10. It helps reduce marine environmental risks: This invention improves the safety and stability of the device in harsh sea conditions by autonomously floating and avoiding waves, which helps reduce the risk of marine debris and ecological disturbance caused by device damage, disintegration or loss; at the same time, it does not require a long-term external power supply, which also helps reduce environmental hazards caused by battery replacement, aging of lines or electrical damage.

[0028] 11. Improves safety in marine operations: Traditional surface artificial fish-attracting devices are easily damaged or fail when the wind and waves increase, while this invention can actively sink the upper fish-attracting structure to a safe water layer to avoid waves according to changes in sea conditions, reducing the risk of instability and damage to marine equipment, thereby improving the safety of device operation and the level of safety assurance for related operations.

[0029] 12. It is conducive to promoting the technological progress of eco-friendly fisheries and marine equipment: This invention organically combines organic long-afterglow luminescent materials, biomimetic structural design and autonomous lifting and wave-avoidance mechanism, providing a technical path for artificial fish-attracting devices that combines fish-attracting function, wave resistance and eco-friendliness; this technical solution can not only promote the upgrading of artificial fish-attracting devices, but also help promote the development of eco-friendly fisheries equipment, marine ranching facilities and marine ecological restoration related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a partial exploded schematic diagram of the liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf; detailed magnified images of the traction buoy, fixing ring, and float. Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central guide chain convergent assembly and the porous annular wall fish-attracting chamber; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of a porous annular wall fish-attracting chamber; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring assembly in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchoring component in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state in which the guide chain convergent device is located on the upper part of the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf and the float is exactly locked with the fixed ring in this invention. In the diagram: 1. Self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf; 101. Flexible edge structure; 102. Rigid central structure; 2. Traction buoy; 3. Annular float assembly; 301. Fixing ring; 302. Float; 4. Guide chain condenser assembly; 401. Hemispherical condenser; 402. Main traction chain; 403. Secondary traction chain; 404. Guide pulley; 405. Pulley bracket; 5. Porous annular wall fish-attracting chamber; 6. Anchoring assembly; 601. Porous outer annular guide wall; 602. Porous inner annular guide wall; 603. Hollow guide cone; 6031. Guide cone chamber; 604. Three-arch support base; 605. Fixing chain; 606. Second interlayer chamber; 607. First interlayer chamber; 7. Double pin fixing assembly; 701. Matching fixing ring; 702. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand this invention, but does not constitute a limitation of this invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the long persistent luminescence material used in this application was prepared using the method disclosed in Xixi Piao, ZhengwenNing, QingxinHe et al. Organic long persistent luminescence wood-based materials [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal 2025, 507: 160718; hereinafter referred to as existing literature.

[0033] It should also be explained that the fish-attracting device in this application is suitable for water depths of up to 50 meters.

[0034] In this application, a liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device (such as...) Figure 1-7 As shown), the system includes a main traction chain 402, a polyethylene traction buoy 2, an annular float assembly 3, a self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf 1, and a fish-attracting chamber. The main traction chain 402 is positioned along the water depth direction D. The upper part of the main traction chain 402 is fixedly connected to the traction buoy 2, and a guide chain condenser (a hemispherical condenser 401 is used in this embodiment) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the main traction chain 402. The fish-attracting chamber is positioned below the guide chain condenser along the water depth direction D, and a reversing mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the fish-attracting chamber. Multiple secondary traction chains 403 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide chain condenser. The traction chain 403 extends along the water depth direction D, and then extends in the opposite direction along the water depth direction D after being reversed by the reversing mechanism. One end of multiple auxiliary traction chains 403 is connected to the annular float assembly 3. The upper surface of the annular float assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1. The upper surface of the traction buoy 2 (specifically a spherical buoy, the bottom of which is fixed to the main traction chain 402) has a structural ring, which can be used to lift the entire device by holding the structural ring. In addition, it works with the main traction chain 402 to complete the lifting and lowering adjustment of the upper fish-attracting structure formed by the annular float assembly 3 and the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1. The annular float assembly 3 includes several fixed rings 301 and multiple floats 302. The axial direction of the multiple fixed rings 301 is parallel to the water depth direction D, and the multiple fixed rings 301 are fixed together to form a fixed platform. The tops of the multiple fixed rings 301 are jointly and fixedly connected to a self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four fixed rings 301 and four floats 302. The upper parts of the four fixed rings 301 are respectively fixed with self-luminous bionic lotus leaves 1 (specifically, the self-luminous bionic lotus leaves 1 are fixed to the upper part of the fixed rings 301 of the annular float assembly 3 by bolts, nuts, buckles, or pressure rings, so that the circular through hole in the middle is aligned with the central axis of the device). Each float 302 is detachably fixed to the fixed ring 301. Specifically, the float 302 is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer material and is fixed to the fixed ring 301 by pins (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (As shown); one end of each of the four auxiliary traction chains 403 (made of steel) is fixed to the connector between adjacent fixed rings 301; the float 302 is used to provide buoyancy support for the upper fish-attracting structure formed by the annular float assembly 3 and the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1, so as to maintain the stable deployment of the device in the target water layer. One end of each secondary traction chain 403 is reversed by a reversing mechanism and fixed to each fixed ring 301. Specifically, the reversing mechanism is a guide pulley assembly. The guide pulley assembly includes a pulley bracket 405 and a guide pulley 404. The pulley bracket 405 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fish-attracting chamber, and the guide pulley 404 is rotatably installed on the pulley bracket 405. The radial direction of the guide pulley 404 is parallel to the water depth direction D. The bottom of the circumferential surface of the guide pulley 404 has a guide pulley lower contact surface, around which the secondary traction chain 403 is wound. The guide pulley 404 is used, and the secondary traction chain 403 contacts the lower contact surface of the guide pulley to realize the reversal of the secondary traction chain 403; one end of each of the four secondary traction chains 403 is fixed to the connection part between the fixed rings 301; the four secondary traction chains 403 are passed from top to bottom through the guide pulleys 404 installed in four directions on the top of the fish attractant tank (the fish attractant tank in this device is a porous ring wall type fish attractant tank 5), and connected to the hemispherical condenser 401 in the guide chain condenser assembly 4; for use with the main traction chain 402 and the secondary traction chain 403. The lifting and traction components formed by chain 403 and hemispherical choke 401 cooperate to achieve the vertical guiding and lifting of the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5. Furthermore, the steel hemispherical choke 401, main traction chain 402, secondary traction chain 403, guide pulley 404, and pulley bracket 405 are combined to form a guide chain choke assembly 4. Through this structure, the synchronous choke and guiding force transmission of multiple secondary traction chains 403 can be achieved, thereby realizing the sinking control of the upper fish-attracting structure. The traction buoy 2 is guided by the main traction chain 402. Connected to the top of the hemispherical condenser 401; the lower part of the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5 is connected to the upper part of the anchoring assembly 6 via four fixed chains 605; so as to achieve a stable connection and load transfer between the anchoring assembly 6 and the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5; thereby improving the overall connection strength, deployment stability and force uniformity; through the above connection method, the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5 can not only maintain good spatial attitude stability under the action of external environment such as ocean currents and waves, but also cooperate with the whole device to achieve controllable lifting and wave avoidance adjustment.

[0035] The double-locking pin fixing assembly 7 is pre-positioned in the operating position; specifically, the double-locking pin fixing assembly 7 includes a steel mating fixing ring 701 and two locking pins 702 arranged perpendicularly to each other; the mating fixing ring 701 has a through hole in the perpendicular direction for the two locking pins 702 to pass through and fix. When the device is in operation, it lifts the buoy 2, which drives the main traction chain 402 to rise, thereby causing the hemispherical condenser 401 to rise. When the hemispherical condenser 401 rises, the four auxiliary traction chains 403 connected to its lower part move upward synchronously, and under the guidance of the guide pulley 404, they drive the self-illuminating bionic lotus leaf 1 and the annular float assembly 3 at the top to sink as a whole. After the hemispherical condenser 401 passes through the circular through hole in the middle of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1, the mating fixing ring 701 is installed and fixed below the hemispherical condenser 401, and the two locking pins 702 pass through the two sets of opposite secondary traction chains 403 respectively. Since the outer diameter of the mating fixing ring 701 is larger than the diameter of the circular through hole, the mating fixing ring 701 can abut against the bottom of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1 during the sinking process of the structure, thereby restricting its continued downward movement and allowing the upper fish-attracting structure to sink stably to the preset water depth, so as to achieve the purpose of avoiding wind and waves and reducing the impact of severe sea conditions.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that the fish-attracting chamber is a porous annular wall type fish-attracting chamber 5, and the porous annular wall type fish-attracting chamber 5 has a hollow annular wall structure, and its wall surface has multiple perforations; allowing fish to freely move, hide, or inhabit within it; furthermore, this porous annular wall type fish-attracting chamber 5 can change the local flow field under the action of water flow, forming certain upwelling and back vortex regions, thereby improving the fish-attracting effect: specifically, the porous annular wall type fish-attracting chamber 5 is a steel hollow annular wall structure, arranged in an annular or near-annular shape, with multiple perforations evenly or non-uniformly distributed along its wall surface; and the perforations can be circular holes, strip holes, mesh holes, or other types that facilitate water exchange and The permeable structure allows fish to freely enter and exit. This porous annular wall design enhances the exchange capacity between the fish-attracting chamber 5 and the external water body. Under the influence of water flow, it guides, diverts, and disturbs the surrounding flow field, promoting the formation of local upwelling, backflow, and vortex regions, thereby improving the hydrodynamic environment around the device and enhancing the fish-attracting effect. Furthermore, the perforations allow small and medium-sized fish to freely move, stay, and gather, creating a relatively concealed, safe, and stable activity space inside the porous annular wall fish-attracting chamber 5. In addition to its flow-guiding and fish-attracting function, the porous annular wall fish-attracting chamber 5 also has a significant ecological attraction function. The hollow cavity and porous concealed space it forms provide temporary refuge from predators for mid-water fish, reducing their exposure risk in open water. Simultaneously, its interior and the area around the pores serve as a micro-habitat for fish to stay, rest, and gather, providing a relatively suitable resting space and activity area for them. Under suitable sea conditions and seasons, the porous annular wall-type fish-attracting chamber 5 can also serve as a spawning, egg-laying, or juvenile rearing site for some fish, attached organisms, or other marine life, thereby enhancing the aggregation of biological resources and ecological functions around the device. Thus, the porous annular wall-type fish-attracting chamber 5 not only improves fish-attracting efficiency through structural flow guidance but also enhances the device's continuous attraction of fish and its eco-friendly effects by constructing an underwater micro-habitat that combines concealment, permeability, and stability.

[0037] In addition, four secondary traction chains 403 are evenly arranged in the circumference; (2) the length of the secondary traction chains 403 is consistent or within the design allowable error range; (3) the guide pulley 404 rotates flexibly and does not get stuck; (4) the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1 remains flat and unfolded after installation; (5) the hemispherical converging device 401 can pass smoothly through the circular through hole in the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1.

[0038] The bottom unfolded area of ​​the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf 1 is larger than the horizontal area of ​​the fixed platform.

[0039] The self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf 1 is a rigid-flexible structure with a central rigid structure 102 and an edge flexible structure 101 (in this embodiment, such as...). Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 7, the diameter of the central rigid structure 102 and the diameter of the edge flexible structure 101 each account for half the diameter of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1, and the diameter of the circular through hole is 20% of the diameter of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf. The purpose is to buffer the impact of waves with the flexible edge and maintain the overall shape and connection stability with the rigid middle part, thereby taking into account both the function of luminous fish attraction and the performance of wind and waves. It is made in the following way: using organic long afterglow luminescent material to form a self-luminous film-forming liquid through physical processes and chemical reactions, and the self-luminous film-forming liquid is formed on the bionic lotus leaf substrate.

[0040] Specifically, the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf structure 1 is prepared in the following manner: Step 1: Fabrication of a rigid PMMA disk skeleton Step 1.1 Preparation of prepolymer solution of luminescent dopant and monomer (afterglow functional component loading) Step 1.1.1 Mixing monomers and initiators: Take methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the monomer, add 0.3 wt% of the thermal initiator azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and mix; Step 1.1.2 Prepolymerization: The above mixture is prepolymerized at 70 °C for 15 minutes to make it slightly viscous, so as to reduce the volume shrinkage in the subsequent polymerization process and obtain the prepolymer solution. Step 1.1.3 Doping with luminescent molecules: Add 0.1 wt% of luminescent dopant to the above prepolymer solution to obtain a mixed solution. The luminescent dopant is halogenated benzene and its derivatives, specifically including halogenated benzene and deuterated halogenated benzene. Step 1.1.4 Dissolution and dispersion: The mixed solution in step (3) is ultrasonically stirred until the luminescent molecules are completely dissolved to form a uniform and transparent precursor solution, which serves as the precursor prepolymer; Step 1.2 Thermal polymerization and curing (forming a rigid matrix) Step 1.2.1 Light-proof encapsulation: Pour the precursor prepolymer obtained in step 1.1.4 into the mold, cover it with aluminum foil (to prevent light from interfering with polymerization) and fix it in place; Step 1.2.2 Thermally initiated polymerization: The mold containing the precursor prepolymer is placed in a constant temperature oven and polymerized at 70°C for 4 hours; during this process, AIBN decomposes to generate free radicals, which initiate the polymerization of MMA monomers to generate polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Step 1.2.3 Product Removal: After the reaction is complete, cool to room temperature and remove the mold to obtain room temperature phosphorescent PMMA rigid material; Step 2: Preparation of flexible PVB lotus leaf matrix Step 2.1 PVB solution preparation: Weigh 15 g of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin and add 85 g of anhydrous ethanol as solvent. Stir at 60 °C to form a homogeneous solution. Step 2.2 Luminescent doping: 0.1 wt% of corundum benzene (Cor) or deuterated corundum benzene (D-Cor) is incorporated into the PVB solution as a luminescent molecule and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion.

[0041] Step 2.3 Matrix Forming: The doped PVB solution is cast into a special mold (a lotus leaf-shaped mold) and dried at 60°C for 8 hours to form a flexible lotus leaf-shaped room temperature phosphorescent material (this phosphorescent material is a phosphorescent material, and further, the organic long afterglow luminescent material is a phosphorescent material). The thickness is controlled at 0.1~2 mm. This flexible lotus leaf-shaped room temperature phosphorescent material serves as the PVB lotus leaf matrix. Step 3: Assembly of the rigid-flexible composite structure Step 3.1 Interface treatment: Treat the surface of the PMMA rigid disk with plasma for 30 seconds to enhance its interfacial bonding with the flexible PVB matrix; Step 3.2 Composite Assembly: The treated PMMA disk is placed at the center of the PVB lotus leaf matrix, and composited for 30 minutes at 80 °C and 0.5 MPa pressure through hot pressing to form a rigid-flexible composite with a biomimetic lotus leaf structure. Step 3.3 Final curing: The composite was post-cured at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain a complete room temperature phosphorescent biomimetic lotus leaf structure material, namely the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf 1.

[0042] The liftable and wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device also includes an anchoring component 6. The bottom of the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5 is connected to the anchoring component 6 via a fixing chain 605; and the anchoring component 6 has a flow-guiding structure.

[0043] The anchoring component 6 includes a porous outer ring guide wall 601, a porous inner ring guide wall 602, a hollow guide cone 603, and a three-arch support base 604; the porous outer ring guide wall 601, the porous inner ring guide wall 602, and the hollow guide cone 603 are concentrically connected in sequence to form a guide structure; The bottom of the porous inner ring guide wall 602 is sealed to the bottom of the porous outer ring guide wall 601; the area between the porous outer ring guide wall 601 and the porous inner ring guide wall 602 serves as a first interlayer chamber 607, and the area between the porous inner ring guide wall 602 and the hollow guide cone 603 serves as a second interlayer chamber 606. Both the first interlayer chamber 607 and the second interlayer chamber 606 extend in opposite directions along the water depth D and are open on the upper surface of the porous outer ring guide wall 601; the hollow guide cone 603 has a guide cone chamber 6031 that matches the hollow guide cone 603. The guide cone chamber is open along the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow guide cone 603, and the lower surface of the hollow guide cone 603 extends out of the porous outer ring guide wall 601; and the porous outer ring... A three-arched support base 604 is installed on the lower surface of the guide wall 601; the porous outer ring guide wall 601, the porous inner ring guide wall 602, and the interlayer chamber 2 606 and interlayer chamber 1 607 can guide the surrounding water flow, and the hollow guide cone 603 can enhance the vertical guide effect. The three-arched support base 604 is used to improve the overall support stability and reduce the bottom sediment erosion; the upper surface of the porous outer ring guide wall 601 is connected to the porous ring wall fish attraction chamber 5 by several fixed chains 605; specifically, the walls of the porous outer ring guide wall 601 and the porous inner ring guide wall 602 are provided with multiple through holes, which can be round holes, strip holes, mesh holes or other permeable structures that are conducive to water exchange and fish passage. Through the above-mentioned porous ring wall structure design, the surrounding water flow can be diverted, slowed down, guided and reorganized when it flows through the anchoring component 6, thereby improving the local flow field distribution near the anchoring component 6, reducing the intensity of local scouring at the bottom, reducing the risk of the seabed surface sediment being directly eroded by strong currents, and improving the placement stability and long-term service reliability of the anchoring component 6 on the seabed.

[0044] The hollow guide cone 603 is disposed within the internal region of the porous inner ring guide wall 602. Its shape is preferably a cone, a hollow frustum, or a similar flow-guiding structure, narrower at the top and wider at the bottom or vice versa. Under the action of water flow, the hollow guide cone 603 can vertically guide the incoming flow from below and the surrounding flow, enhancing the local upflow effect and promoting the formation of a certain range of backflow zone, low-velocity zone, and back vortex zone around the anchoring component 6, thereby further improving the attraction ability for bottom-dwelling and near-bottom-dwelling fish. The hollow structure of the hollow guide cone 603 can also enhance the exchange of water between the upper and lower layers, reduce the rigid blocking effect of the solid structure on the fluid, and improve the overall flow-guiding efficiency.

[0045] A three-arched support base 604 is disposed at the bottom of the anchoring assembly 6 to support the porous outer ring guide wall 601, the porous inner ring guide wall 602, and the hollow guide cone 603, and to transfer the overall load to the seabed. The three-arched support base 604 preferably adopts a three-legged or three-directional arched structure, creating multiple open spaces between the anchoring assembly 6 and the seabed. Compared with traditional fully enclosed, solid bases, the three-arched support base 604 effectively reduces the bottom surface area facing the current and the direct impact range of the water flow, promotes bottom water flow and pressure release, thereby reducing localized siltation or uneven scouring of the seabed, mitigating bottom silt erosion, and improving the anchoring assembly 6's resistance to subsidence and its placement stability.

[0046] More specifically, in addition to its anchoring and flow-guiding functions, the anchoring component 6 also possesses a significant ecological attraction function. The porous chambers, annular hiding areas, and open bottom spaces formed by the porous outer ring flow-guiding wall 601, the porous inner ring flow-guiding wall 602, and the hollow flow-guiding cone 603 provide shelter for bottom-dwelling fish, near-bottom-dwelling organisms, and other small marine life from predators. Due to the good permeability, concealment, and spatial heterogeneity of the porous structure, fish can move, stay, and gather in its pores, inside the ring walls, under the base, and around the flow-guiding cone, thus forming a suitable habitat microenvironment.

[0047] Meanwhile, the porous annular wall structure and its enclosed space can also serve as habitats, foraging grounds, and breeding grounds for fish, crustaceans, and other attached organisms. Under suitable marine and seasonal conditions, algae, shellfish, or other small attached organisms can attach to the surface and porous areas of the anchoring component 6, thus forming a local ecological substrate and providing a richer food source and hiding environment for bottom-dwelling fish. Its internal cavity, the backflow area of ​​the annular wall, and the shaded area under the base can also serve as spawning, egg-laying, and juvenile rearing sites for some fish, thereby increasing the biomass and eco-friendliness around the device. Thus, the anchoring component 6 can not only reduce sediment erosion and enhance the fish-attracting effect of the local flow field through its porous flow guiding structure, but also improve the overall fish-attracting capacity and ecological benefits of the entire anchored artificial fish-attracting device by constructing a multifunctional space suitable for bottom-dwelling organisms to stay, hide, inhabit, and reproduce.

[0048] The assembled device is transported to the target waters, and the anchoring component 6 (it should be noted that the weight of the anchoring component 6 is greater than the sum of the weights of all other components of the device excluding the anchoring component 6) is lowered to the seabed or a predetermined support position to ensure that the anchoring component 6 is stably anchored to the bottom. Then, the spatial position of the device is adjusted so that the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5 is suspended above the anchoring component 6 (the weight of the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5 is offset by the tension of the anchoring component 6, and the buoyancy of the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5 is offset by the tension (buoyancy) of the float 302 in the annular float assembly 3). The annular float assembly 3 and the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1 are located at or near the water surface, and the traction buoy 2 floats on the water surface. Specifically, the working position of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf is 0 to 2 m above the water surface; the porous annular fish-attracting chamber is located within the range of 1 to 20 m above the water surface; the specific deployment depth can be adjusted according to the water layer where the target fish species are active, the wave and current environment of the sea area, and the operational requirements.

[0049] Photoexcitation and energy storage of the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf 1 are carried out under natural daylight conditions or under artificial visible light or ultraviolet light conditions; the excitation light source is sunlight or an artificial light source with a wavelength of 300-500 nm, and the excitation time is preferably 5 min to 12 h, more preferably 30 min to 8 h.

[0050] According to the existing literature, under illumination, organic long-afterglow luminescence is generated; the luminescence wavelength preferably covers 450-550 nm, corresponding to the blue, blue-green, or green light regions; in dark environments, the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf emits light, thereby continuously emitting fish-attracting light signals; these fish-attracting light signals penetrate the water surface and enter the water to form a light path to attract fish; in bright environments, the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf's own structure and the dynamic swaying of the flexible edge of the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf caused by water waves attract fish; thus forming a composite attraction effect on phototactic fish; at the same time, the porous annular fish-attracting chamber 5 provides fish with space to shuttle, hide, and stay, and the flow-guiding structure of the anchoring component 6 can form local upwelling and back vortex regions, further enhancing the fish aggregation effect; the afterglow duration is 5 min to 24 h, more preferably 0.5 to 12 h.

[0051] When sea conditions deteriorate, surface waves intensify, and the preset wave-avoidance conditions are met, the sinking and wave-avoidance process of the upper fish-attracting structure is initiated. The preset wave-avoidance conditions can be set based on one or more parameters, including wave height, current velocity, wind speed, device sway amplitude, and chain tension.

[0052] During operation, the buoy 2 is manually pulled, causing the main traction chain 402 to drive the hemispherical condenser 401 to move vertically upward. As the hemispherical condenser 401 rises, the four auxiliary traction chains 403 connected to its lower part tighten synchronously, and the force transmission direction is changed through the guide pulley 402, transmitting the pulling force to the annular float assembly 3 and the self-illuminating bionic lotus leaf 1, thereby causing the upper fish-attracting structure to move downward as a whole. During this process, the pulling process should be continuous and stable, avoiding sudden pulling and releasing. The four auxiliary traction chains 403 are subjected to force basically synchronously to prevent the upper fish-attracting structure from tilting, overturning, or getting stuck. The sinking depth of the upper fish-attracting structure is 1 to 30 m from the original working water level, more preferably 2 to 15 m.

[0053] Through the above-mentioned structural linkage, the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1 is transferred from the surface working position to a deeper water layer, avoiding the area affected by strong winds and waves on the surface, thereby reducing wave impact and periodic loads and improving the safety of the device.

[0054] After the hemispherical condenser 401 rises and passes through the circular through hole of the self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf 1, the mating fixing ring 701 in the double locking pin fixing assembly 7 is installed below the hemispherical condenser 401, and the two mutually perpendicular locking pins 702 pass through the through holes on the mating fixing ring 701 and the two sets of opposing secondary traction chains 403 respectively, thereby forming a limiting locking structure.

[0055] Then, the tension of the main traction chain 402 is slowly released. Under the buoyancy of the annular float assembly 3, the mating fixing ring 701 abuts against the edge of the central circular through hole of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1. Since the outer diameter of the mating fixing ring 701 is larger than the diameter of the central circular through hole (specifically, the difference between the two is 5% to 200%), the mating fixing ring 701 cannot pass through the circular through hole, thereby stably restricting the upper fish-attracting structure to the preset sinking position. After locking is completed, the device enters the wave-avoidance holding state. The holding time can be set according to the duration of sea conditions, which can be 10 minutes to 30 days or longer.

[0056] Once the wind and waves subside and the sea conditions return to safe working conditions, manually pull the buoy 2 again to slightly raise the hemispherical condenser 401, reducing the resistance between the mating fixing ring 701 and the edge of the circular through hole in the self-illuminating bionic lotus leaf 1; then pull out the two locking pins 702 and remove the mating fixing ring 701; then slowly release the main traction chain 402 to lower the hemispherical condenser 401, and simultaneously loosen the four secondary traction chains 403.

[0057] Under the buoyancy provided by the annular float assembly 3, the self-luminous biomimetic lotus leaf 1 and the upper fish-attracting structure float back to the water surface or near the surface working water layer, and resume the self-luminous fish-attracting state. During the re-floating process, the release speed should be controlled to avoid chain entanglement, structural collision or attitude instability caused by floating too fast.

[0058] A self-luminescent fish-attracting method, using the above-mentioned device, includes the following steps: The self-luminescent bionic lotus leaf 1 on the liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device floats on the water surface. In dark environments, the self-luminescent bionic lotus leaf 1 emits light, thereby continuously emitting a fish-attracting light signal; the fish-attracting light signal passes through the water surface and enters the water to form a light path to attract fish. In bright environments, fish are attracted by the dynamic swaying of the flexible edge of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1 as it moves with the water under the action of water waves, utilizing the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf 1's own structure and the water surface waves.

[0059] The self-luminescent fish-attracting method also includes a perforated hole and a hollow ring wall structure in the porous ring wall fish-attracting chamber 5 to provide fish with space to shuttle, hide and stay; the flow guiding structure of the anchoring component 6 can form a local upflow and back vortex region to further enhance fish aggregation.

[0060] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort within the scope of the appended claims are still within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A liftable, wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device, characterized in that, The device includes a main traction chain, a traction buoy, an annular float assembly, a self-illuminating bionic lotus leaf, and a fish-attracting chamber. The main traction chain is positioned along the water depth direction and is fixedly connected to the traction buoy at its top. A chain guide coiler is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main traction chain. The fish-attracting chamber is positioned below the chain guide coiler along the water depth direction, and a reversing mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the fish-attracting chamber. Multiple secondary traction chains are fixedly connected to the bottom of the chain guide coiler. Each secondary traction chain extends along the water depth direction and then is reversed by the reversing mechanism to extend in the opposite direction along the water depth direction. One end of each of the multiple secondary traction chains is connected to the annular float assembly, and the upper surface of the annular float assembly is fixedly connected to the self-illuminating bionic lotus leaf.

2. The liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular floating body assembly includes several fixed rings and multiple floats. The axial direction of the multiple fixed rings is parallel to the water depth direction, and the multiple fixed rings are fixed to each other to form a fixed platform. The tops of the multiple fixed rings are jointly fixed to the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf. Each of the floats is detachably and fixedly connected to a fixed ring; one end of each of the auxiliary traction chains is reversed by a reversing mechanism and then fixed to each fixed ring.

3. The liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom unfolded area of ​​the self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf is larger than the horizontal area of ​​the fixed platform.

4. The liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reversing mechanism is a guide pulley assembly; the guide pulley assembly includes a pulley bracket and a guide pulley. The pulley bracket is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fish-attracting chamber, and the guide pulley is rotatably installed on the pulley bracket; the radial direction of the guide pulley is parallel to the water depth direction, the bottom of the guide pulley's circumferential surface has a guide pulley lower contact surface, the secondary traction chain is wound around the guide pulley, and the secondary traction chain contacts the guide pulley lower contact surface to realize the reversal of the secondary traction chain.

5. The liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The self-illuminating biomimetic lotus leaf has a rigid-flexible structure with a rigid center and flexible edges, and it is manufactured in the following manner: A self-luminescent film-forming liquid is formed by physical processes and chemical reactions using organic long-afterglow luminescent materials, and then formed on a biomimetic lotus leaf substrate.

6. The liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The organic long-afterglow luminescent material is a phosphorescent material.

7. A liftable, wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fish-attracting chamber is a porous ring-walled fish-attracting chamber, and the porous ring-walled fish-attracting chamber has a hollow ring-wall structure with multiple through holes on its wall surface.

8. The liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liftable and wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device also includes an anchoring component. The bottom of the porous annular fish-attracting chamber is connected to the anchoring component via a fixed chain. The anchoring component has a flow-guiding structure.

9. A self-luminous fish-attracting method, implemented using a liftable, wave-avoiding artificial fish-collecting device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The self-luminescent bionic lotus leaf on the liftable wave-avoiding artificial fish-attracting device floats on the water surface. In dark environments, the self-luminescent bionic lotus leaf emits light, thereby continuously emitting a fish-attracting light signal; this fish-attracting light signal passes through the water surface and enters the water to form a light path to attract fish. In bright environments, fish are attracted by the dynamic swaying of the flexible edge of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf, which is caused by the structure of the self-luminous bionic lotus leaf itself and the action of water waves.

10. A method for attracting fish with self-luminous emission according to claim 9, characterized in that: The self-luminescent fish-attracting method also includes a perforated hole and a hollow ring wall structure in the porous ring wall fish-attracting chamber to provide fish with space to shuttle, hide and stay; the flow guiding structure of the anchoring component can form a local upflow and back vortex region to further enhance fish aggregation.

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