Blood pressure measuring method, staged deflation sphygmomanometer, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a blood pressure measuring method, a staged deflation sphygmomanometer, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the blood pressure measuring method comprises the following steps: controlling an air pump to inflate a tourniquet, and obtaining an original pressure value sent by a pressure sensor in the tourniquet in real time; processing the original pressure value based on a preset difference formula to obtain a difference signal; determining a crest value and a trough value in the original pressure value according to the differential signal; according to the wave peak value and the wave trough value, the pulse amplitude and the blood pressure value are determined; and determining systolic pressure and diastolic pressure according to the pulse amplitude and the blood pressure value. The invention relates to the technical field of blood pressure measurement, and can improve the blood pressure measurement smoothness during stepped deflation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of blood pressure measurement technology, and in particular to a blood pressure measurement method, a staged deflation sphygmomanometer, an electronic device, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electronic blood pressure measuring devices or multi-parameter monitors mostly use the "oscillometric method" to measure blood pressure. The "oscillometric method" is further divided into two methods: continuous deflation and step deflation. The steps of the step deflation blood pressure measurement technology include: first, controlling the air pump to inflate to the ideal pressure, then controlling the solenoid valve to deflate in steps. During the process, the pressure signal is acquired by a high-precision pressure sensor. Then, the pressure signal data is separated into pulse waves by a high-pass filter to obtain the pulse wave signal. Then, the pulse wave amplitude is calculated at each step, or the amplitude is calculated directly without pulse wave separation to obtain the pulse wave amplitude and corresponding pressure at each step. Finally, a two-dimensional curve is fitted based on the pulse wave amplitude and the corresponding pressure value to calculate the blood pressure.

[0003] However, step deflation generates a step signal, and using a high-pass filter requires a relatively long signal settling time; otherwise, the calculated amplitude will be inaccurate. Without pulse wave separation, each step will exhibit baseline drift, further complicating amplitude calculation. Moreover, both methods require at least one heart rate cycle; if the step is not calculated before heart rate measurement, an even longer holding time is needed, thus increasing measurement time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose a blood pressure measurement method, a step-type deflation sphygmomanometer, an electronic device, and a storage medium to solve the technical problem of low accuracy in step-type blood pressure measurement.

[0005] This application provides a blood pressure measurement method applied to a staged deflation sphygmomanometer. The method includes: acquiring the raw pressure value transmitted in real time by a pressure sensor within the cuff of the staged deflation sphygmomanometer during a deflation stage; processing the raw pressure value based on a preset differential formula to obtain a differential signal; determining the peak value and trough value in the raw pressure value based on the differential signal; determining the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak value and the trough value; and determining the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure based on the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value during multiple deflation stages.

[0006] In some embodiments, the method further includes: filtering the original pressure value according to a preset filter to obtain a pulse signal; determining multiple peak points in the pulse signal; and determining the largest peak point among the multiple peak points.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method further includes: controlling an air pump to inflate the pressure band, and during the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the pressure band, if the values ​​of two consecutive peak points decrease, controlling the air pump to stop inflating the pressure band.

[0008] In some embodiments, determining the peak value and trough value in the original pressure value based on the differential signal includes: determining the peak point in the differential signal; determining the corresponding sampling point in the original pressure value based on the peak point in the differential signal; determining the peak value adjacent to the sampling point as the peak value; and determining the trough value adjacent to the sampling point as the trough value.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining the peak point in the differential signal includes: determining an initial window from the differential signal according to a preset duration; and determining the center value as the peak point when the center value of the initial window is the maximum value in the initial window and the center value is greater than a preset threshold.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak value and the trough value includes: determining the difference between the peak value and the trough value; determining the average of the peak value and the trough value; determining the difference as the pulse amplitude; and determining the average as the blood pressure value.

[0011] In some embodiments, the method further includes: controlling a solenoid valve to release air from the pressure pulsation band before processing the original pressure value based on a preset differential formula.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method further includes: determining an estimated blood pressure value from the original pressure value based on the maximum peak point; and controlling a solenoid valve to deflate the cuff when the original pressure value meets a preset condition; wherein the preset condition includes that the difference between the original pressure value and the estimated blood pressure value is not less than a preset value.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes: if the original pressure value does not meet the preset condition, determining a preset number of peak intervals from the original pressure value; and when the standard deviation corresponding to the time difference between any two adjacent peak intervals is less than a preset time threshold, determining the pulse rate corresponding to the original pressure value based on the time difference.

[0014] This application embodiment also provides a staged deflation sphygmomanometer, which includes: an electronic device, a cuff, a pressure sensor, an air pump, and a solenoid valve; the electronic device is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor, the air pump, and the solenoid valve; the electronic device is used to control the air pump to inflate the cuff; the electronic device is also used to acquire the raw pressure value sent by the pressure sensor in real time; the electronic device is also used to determine an estimated blood pressure value based on the raw pressure value; the electronic device is also used to control the solenoid valve to deflate the cuff; the electronic device is also used to process the raw pressure value based on a preset differential formula during the deflation process of the cuff to obtain a differential signal; the electronic device is also used to determine the peak value and trough value in the raw pressure value based on the differential signal; the electronic device is also used to determine the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak value and the trough value; the electronic device is also used to determine the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure based on the pulse amplitude and the blood pressure value when the raw pressure value meets preset conditions.

[0015] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory storing at least one instruction; and a processor executing the instructions stored in the memory to implement the blood pressure measurement method.

[0016] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, which is executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement the blood pressure measurement method described above.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application control the air pump to inflate the cuff, obtain the raw pressure value sent in real time by the pressure sensor inside the cuff, and process the raw pressure value based on a preset differential formula to obtain a differential signal. By calculating the change in pressure signal at different time points, the real-time changes in arterial blood pressure can be reflected more accurately, improving the accuracy and reliability of blood pressure measurement. Then, the peak and trough values ​​in the raw pressure value are determined based on the differential signal, and the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value are determined based on the peak and trough values. Finally, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure are determined based on the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value. This reduces errors caused by the failure to detect pulses in time, thereby improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement and more accurately reflecting the true blood pressure situation. By ensuring that every pulse signal is captured during the pressure drop process, the accumulation of measurement errors caused by the failure to detect pulses can be avoided, improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement results. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an application scenario diagram of a blood pressure measurement method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a staged deflation sphygmomanometer provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a blood pressure measurement method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better understand the purpose, features, and advantages of this application, a detailed description of the application is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application; the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] This application provides a blood pressure measurement method that can be applied to one or more electronic devices. An electronic device is a device that can automatically perform numerical calculations and / or information processing according to pre-set or stored instructions. Its hardware includes, but is not limited to, microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), embedded devices, etc.

[0026] Electronic devices can be any electronic product that allows human-computer interaction with a customer, such as personal computers, tablets, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), game consoles, interactive network television (IPTV), smart wearable devices, etc.

[0027] Electronic devices may also include network devices and / or client devices. The network devices include, but are not limited to, a single network server, a server group consisting of multiple network servers, or a cloud based on cloud computing consisting of a large number of hosts or network servers.

[0028] The networks in which electronic devices are located include, but are not limited to, the Internet, wide area networks, metropolitan area networks, local area networks, and virtual private networks (VPNs).

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the blood pressure measurement method provided in this application can be applied to an electronic device 100, which is communicatively connected to a stepped deflation sphygmomanometer 200. The electronic device 100 is used to acquire data from the stepped deflation sphygmomanometer 200. Stepped deflation can expand the range of pressure drop during a single descent, ensuring that pulses are detected and no single pulse signal is missed. Compared to linear deflation (typically, the wrist cuff pressure drops by about 8 mmHg each time, and if not detected on the first descent, it is detected in the next descent), stepped deflation significantly reduces errors caused by missed pulse detection, thereby improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement. Stepped deflation can more accurately reflect the true blood pressure situation. By ensuring that every pulse signal is captured during the pressure drop, stepped deflation avoids the accumulation of measurement errors caused by missed pulses, making the measurement results more reliable.

[0030] like Figure 2The image shows a staged deflation sphygmomanometer 200 provided in one embodiment of this application. It includes an electronic device 100, a cuff 210, a pressure sensor 211, an air pump 220, and a solenoid valve 230. The electronic device 100 is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor 211, the air pump 220, and the solenoid valve 230. The staged deflation sphygmomanometer 200 measures blood pressure using a staged deflation method. Specifically, during operation, the electronic device 100 controls the air pump 220 to inflate the cuff 210. When the cuff 210 is inflated and pressure is applied to the arm, arterial blood flow is blocked. As the pressure within the cuff increases, the pressure on the artery gradually increases until complete blockage. During the inflation of the cuff 210, the amplitude of the pulse wave gradually decreases as the cuff pressure increases. When the pulse wave amplitude begins to decrease significantly, it usually means that the pressure within the cuff 210 is close to or equal to the systolic blood pressure. The staged deflation sphygmomanometer 200 detects the pressure and pulse wave signal within the cuff 210 via a pressure sensor 211. When the amplitude of the pulse wave begins to decrease, the electronic device 100 determines whether the pressure within the cuff 210 is sufficient for blood pressure measurement. The electronic device 100 is also used to acquire the raw pressure value transmitted in real time by the pressure sensor 211 and determine the estimated blood pressure value based on the raw pressure value, including: filtering the raw pressure value according to a preset filter to obtain the pulse signal; determining multiple peak points in the pulse signal; determining the largest peak point among the multiple peak points; and determining the estimated blood pressure value from the raw pressure value based on the largest peak point. If the values ​​of two consecutive peak points decrease, the electronic device 100 controls the air pump 220 to stop inflating the cuff 210. The electronic device 100 is also used to control the solenoid valve 230 to deflate the cuff 210; the electronic device 100 is also used to process the raw pressure value based on a preset differential formula during the deflation process of the cuff 210 to obtain a differential signal; and to determine the peak and trough values ​​in the raw pressure value based on the differential signal. The electronic device 100 is also used to determine pulse amplitude and blood pressure values ​​based on peak and trough values, including: determining the difference between peak and trough values; determining the average of peak and trough values; determining the difference as pulse amplitude; and determining the average as blood pressure value. The electronic device 100 is also used to determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure based on pulse amplitude and blood pressure values, provided that the original pressure values ​​meet preset conditions.

[0031] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a blood pressure measurement method according to an embodiment of this application. The order of steps in this flowchart can be changed, and some steps can be omitted, depending on different needs. The blood pressure measurement method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0032] S20, acquire the raw pressure value sent in real time by the pressure sensor in the cuff of the staged deflation sphygmomanometer during a deflation phase.

[0033] In one embodiment of this application, in order to predict blood pressure, it is necessary to first control the air pump to inflate the pressure band. A pressure sensor is provided inside the pressure band. The pressure sensor is used to continuously detect the original pressure value inside the pressure band during the inflation process. The electronic device acquires the original pressure value detected by the pressure sensor during the inflation process in real time.

[0034] In one embodiment of this application, during the process of the electronic device controlling the air pump to inflate the cuff in the staged deflation sphygmomanometer, the pressure sensor in the cuff prepares for subsequent blood pressure detection. When the blood pressure measuring device starts working, a solenoid valve is first triggered manually or automatically. The solenoid valve drives the air pump to inflate the cuff. The cuff wraps around the subject's upper arm and continuously contracts during inflation to apply pressure to the artery. Specifically, the purpose of inflating the cuff through the solenoid valve is to gradually increase the cuff pressure until it exceeds the subject's systolic blood pressure. At this point, the subject's artery is completely compressed, and blood flow stops.

[0035] In one embodiment of this application, to ensure high accuracy of subsequent blood pressure measurements, the raw pressure value acquired in real time can be filtered to eliminate noise obtained when the pressure sensor measures the pressure value. High-pass and low-pass filtering of the raw pressure value detected by the pressure sensor in the cuff can remove unwanted signals and interference. The frequency range of the pulse wave signal is generally 0.6~6.4Hz. In addition to the useful pulse wave signal, the signal output by the pressure sensor also contains a large amount of high-frequency interference and DC or low-frequency components. If these unwanted signals and interference are not filtered out, they will affect the accuracy and reliability of the pulse wave signal. The function of high-pass filtering includes allowing signals above a certain frequency to pass through while blocking signals below that frequency. In cuff applications, high-pass filtering can be used to filter out DC components (i.e., zero-frequency components) and low-frequency noise. Low-frequency noise may originate from factors such as mechanical vibration of the device itself or sensor drift caused by changes in ambient temperature. High-pass filtering can effectively reduce the impact of this low-frequency noise on the pulse wave signal. The function of a low-pass filter includes allowing signals below a specific frequency range to pass through while blocking signals above that frequency. In cuff compression applications, low-pass filters can be used to filter out high-frequency interference. High-frequency interference may originate from electromagnetic radiation, power supply noise, and other factors. If this high-frequency interference is not filtered out, it will cause distortion and increased noise in the pulse wave signal. Low-pass filtering can effectively reduce the impact of high-frequency interference on the pulse wave signal. Thus, combining a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter forms a band-pass filter. A band-pass filter only allows signals within a specific frequency range to pass through while blocking signals of other frequencies. In cuff compression applications, a band-pass filter can accurately extract the pulse wave signal while filtering out all unwanted high-frequency interference and low-frequency components. This results in a cleaner and more accurate pulse wave signal, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and reliability of the equipment.

[0036] In one embodiment of this application, the original pressure value can be passed through a high-pass filter to separate the pressure value and pulse wave signal, and a low-pass filter can be used to remove noise from the air pump. The remaining signal is equivalent to the pulse wave value in the blood vessel. Each peak point on the pulse wave is found; after two consecutive points where the peak value drops, that point is taken as the ideal air pressure and inflation is stopped; the peak point with the largest value on the pulse wave is found, and this point is mapped to the original pressure value graph to find the corresponding pressure value, which is then used as the estimated blood pressure value. Specifically, the method further includes: filtering the original pressure value according to a preset filter to obtain a pulse signal; determining multiple peak points in the pulse signal; determining the largest peak point among the multiple peak points; and determining the estimated blood pressure value from the original pressure value based on the largest peak point.

[0037] In one embodiment of this application, when a cuff is inflated and pressure is applied to the arm, arterial blood flow is blocked. As the pressure within the cuff increases, the pressure on the artery gradually increases until it is completely blocked. During this process, the amplitude of the pulse wave (i.e., the height of the peak point) gradually decreases as the cuff pressure increases. When the pulse wave amplitude begins to decrease significantly, it usually means that the pressure within the cuff is close to or equal to the systolic blood pressure (i.e., high pressure). A staged deflation sphygmomanometer typically detects the pressure within the cuff and the pulse wave signal using a pressure sensor. When the pulse wave amplitude begins to decrease, the algorithm inside the staged deflation sphygmomanometer analyzes this change and determines whether the pressure within the cuff is sufficient for measuring blood pressure. If sufficient pressure is determined, inflation of the cuff is stopped, and the cuff is deflated via a solenoid valve to further analyze the pulse wave signal to determine the diastolic blood pressure (i.e., low pressure) and systolic blood pressure. Therefore, stopping inflation when the peak value of the pulse signal begins to decline is a crucial step in the blood pressure measurement process. This ensures that the pressure within the cuff is sufficient to block arterial blood flow for measurement, while avoiding excessive pressure that could cause discomfort or injury to the arm. Therefore, when the peak value of the pulse signal, determined based on the original pressure value, begins to decline, the method further includes: controlling the air pump to inflate the cuff; and during the inflatation process, stopping the air pump inflating the cuff after two consecutive declines in the peak value.

[0038] S21, the original pressure value is processed based on a preset differential formula to obtain a differential signal.

[0039] In one embodiment of this application, after the cuff is inflated to a certain pressure, the staged deflation sphygmomanometer gradually releases gas, causing the pressure inside the cuff to decrease slowly. The method further includes: controlling a solenoid valve to deflate the cuff before processing the original pressure value based on a preset differential formula. During this process, the staged deflation sphygmomanometer detects blood pressure by: pressure sensor monitoring, where the built-in pressure sensor continuously monitors pressure changes within the cuff and converts these changes into measurable signals. These signals are sent to the CPU for processing and analysis; identifying the arterial blood flow obstruction process, as the pressure inside the cuff decreases, the artery gradually returns to a normal flow state from a completely blocked state, and the pressure sensor captures the corresponding pressure points during the arterial blood flow obstruction process; the staged deflation sphygmomanometer identifies key pressure points during the arterial blood flow obstruction process, thereby calculating the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean pressure.

[0040] In one embodiment of this application, in the application scenario of a cuff, the signal collected by the pressure sensor often contains various noises and interferences, such as electromagnetic noise, environmental noise, and noise from the device itself. These noises can seriously affect the accuracy and reliability of the signal. Differential processing can be used to differentially process the pressure signal collected by the pressure sensor in the cuff, thereby improving the signal's anti-interference capability. Differential processing, by calculating the difference between two or more adjacent sampling points, can effectively weaken the influence of these noises and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, differential processing can more clearly extract the characteristics of the pulse wave, such as peaks and troughs. This characteristic information is crucial for subsequent signal analysis and processing, helping doctors or devices to more accurately assess the patient's health status. During blood pressure measurement, differential processing can further optimize measurement accuracy. By calculating the changes in the pressure signal at different time points, differential processing can more accurately reflect the real-time changes in arterial blood pressure. This is significant for accurately measuring key blood pressure parameters such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, helping to improve the accuracy and reliability of blood pressure measurement. Differential processing of the raw pressure values ​​acquired by pressure sensors enables dynamic monitoring and analysis. By differentially processing continuously acquired pressure signals, a series of difference sequences that change over time can be obtained. These difference sequences can reflect the changing trends and patterns of the pressure signals, helping doctors or equipment to conduct more comprehensive physiological monitoring and analysis of patients.

[0041] In one embodiment of this application, a higher-order difference formula can be used to convert the original pressure signal into a difference signal. Specifically, the higher-order difference formula is an extension of the difference formula, used to calculate the result of multiple differences between adjacent elements in a function or sequence. For a function or sequence f(n), the higher-order difference formula can be expressed as: Δ(k-1)f(n); where Δ represents the difference operator, and k is the order of the difference. Specifically, the first-order difference Δf(n) = f(n+1) - f(n) calculates the difference value between adjacent elements; while the higher-order difference, based on this, performs further difference operations on the result of the first-order difference, and so on, until the required difference order k is reached. The higher-order difference formula can be used to extract signal features. In the field of signal processing, higher-order differences can be used to extract signal features. For example, in time series analysis, by calculating differences of different orders, the periodicity and trend changes of the sequence can be analyzed, and then a suitable model can be selected for prediction. It can also be used to optimize numerical calculations. In numerical calculations, higher-order differences can be used to approximate the derivatives or higher-order derivatives of functions. This is of great significance for solving differential equations and performing numerical integration and other mathematical operations. It can also be used to enhance signal anti-interference capabilities. Compared with first-order differences, higher-order differences can more deeply mine the change information in the signal, thereby enhancing the signal's anti-interference capability to a certain extent. Especially when processing noisy signals, higher-order differences can more accurately reflect the true changes in the signal by eliminating noise interference. During the venting process, the original pressure signal is obtained through a pressure sensor, and the original pressure signal is converted into a differential signal through a higher-order difference formula, where the higher-order difference formula satisfies the following relationship: Dp(t)=P(t+4)+P(t+3)*4+P(t+2)*6+P(t+1)*4-P(t)-P(t-1)-P(t-2)*4-P(t-3)*6-P(t-4)*4-P(t-5).

[0042] Where Dp represents the value of the differential signal, and Dp(t) represents the value of the differential signal at sampling time t; P represents the value of the original pressure signal, and P(t) represents the value of the original pressure signal at sampling time t.

[0043] S22, determine the peak value and trough value in the original pressure value based on the differential signal.

[0044] In one embodiment of this application, when determining the peak point of a differential signal, the differential signal is typically windowed to apply a window to the differential signal in order to find the peak point within a local range. The peak point in the differential signal usually corresponds to an inflection point or extreme point in the original signal. Specifically, a fixed-length window can be preset, and this window is slid across the differential signal. The peak and trough values ​​are determined based on the differential signal within the window. The length of the window should be determined according to the characteristics of the signal and the expected interval between peak points. An adaptive threshold is set based on the characteristics of the differential signal. This threshold can be determined based on the average value, maximum value, or a certain percentage of the differential signal. The advantage of an adaptive threshold is that it can be adjusted according to the dynamic changes of the signal, thereby improving the accuracy of peak point detection. Within the window, the differential signal is compared with the set threshold. If the absolute value of the differential signal exceeds the threshold, the point is considered a potential peak point. Adjacent peak point interval check: Based on the characteristics of the signal and the application scenario, a reasonable interval range between adjacent peak points is determined. If the detected peak point interval exceeds this range, further verification or adjustment may be necessary. Check if the peak amplitude meets expectations. If the amplitude is too small or too large, you may need to readjust the threshold or check the signal quality.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, an excessively long window may cause peak points to smooth out, while an excessively short window may reduce the accuracy of the determined peak points. Therefore, the window length can be changed according to the characteristics of the signal and the application scenario. Additionally, an excessively high threshold may lead to missed peak points, while an excessively low threshold may generate false peaks. Therefore, the threshold needs to be set reasonably based on the characteristics of the signal and the noise level. Determining the peak value and trough value in the original pressure value based on the differential signal includes: determining the peak point in the differential signal; determining the corresponding sampling point in the original pressure value based on the peak point in the differential signal; determining the peak value adjacent to the sampling point; and determining the trough value adjacent to the sampling point.

[0046] For example, finding the peak point of the differential signal using the window threshold method includes: within a set window width of 4 seconds, determining whether the center value of the window is the signal peak within the window; determining whether the peak value is greater than a threshold, and the threshold is set to 0.4 times the peak value of the previous window. If so, the center value is determined to be the peak value, and the threshold is updated. If not, the window is slid and the peak value is determined again; the peak point of the differential signal is set as the point with the largest upward slope of the pulse wave; the trough inflection point and peak value of the original pressure signal are determined before and after the peak point of the differential signal.

[0047] In one embodiment of this application, determining the peak point in the differential signal includes: determining an initial window from the differential signal according to a preset duration; and determining the center value as the peak point when the center value of the initial window is the maximum value in the initial window and the center value is greater than a preset threshold.

[0048] S23, determine the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak value and the trough value.

[0049] In one embodiment of this application, in order to determine the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak and trough values, the pressure difference between the trough inflection point and the peak value can be calculated; then the average pressure between the trough inflection point and the peak value can be calculated; the pressure difference is determined to be the pulse wave amplitude value of this stage, and the average pressure is determined to be the blood pressure value of this stage; and another stepwise deflation is performed until the pressure band is completely deflated.

[0050] In one embodiment of this application, determining the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak value and the trough value includes: determining the difference between the peak value and the trough value; determining the average of the peak value and the trough value; determining the difference as the pulse amplitude; and determining the average as the blood pressure value.

[0051] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes: determining an estimated blood pressure value from the original pressure value based on the maximum peak point; and controlling a solenoid valve to deflate the cuff when the original pressure value meets a preset condition; wherein the preset condition includes that the difference between the original pressure value and the estimated blood pressure value is not less than a preset value.

[0052] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes: when the original pressure value does not meet the preset condition, determining a preset number of peak intervals from the original pressure value; when the standard deviation corresponding to the time difference between any two adjacent peak intervals is less than a preset time threshold, determining the pulse rate corresponding to the original pressure value based on the time difference. Specifically, determining the pulse rate in the process of determining the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value includes: acquiring the original pressure signal after the cuff is deflated; determining whether the difference between the original pressure signal value and the estimated pressure value is less than a preset value (e.g., 20 mmHg); if so, it means that the current pressure signal is close to the estimated blood pressure value and is suitable as a location for measuring the pulse rate, then delaying the step deflation time; otherwise, continuing the step deflation; delaying until at least 6 peak intervals are collected; determining that the standard deviation of the peak interval is less than 50 milliseconds; since the pulse rate measurement is based on the interval time between two peaks, the pulse rate can only be calculated after the peak interval is stable.

[0053] S24, determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure based on the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value during multiple decompression phases.

[0054] In one embodiment, systolic and diastolic blood pressure are calculated after obtaining the relationship between pulse wave amplitude and blood pressure values. Specifically, the highest amplitude value is determined from the correspondence between pulse wave amplitude and blood pressure values; the product of the highest amplitude value and the diastolic pressure coefficient is calculated to obtain the diastolic pressure amplitude; the blood pressure to the left of the diastolic pressure amplitude value is determined as the diastolic pressure; the product of the highest amplitude value and the systolic pressure coefficient is calculated to obtain the systolic pressure amplitude; the blood pressure to the right of the systolic pressure amplitude value is determined as the systolic pressure.

[0055] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application control the air pump to inflate the cuff, obtain the raw pressure value sent in real time by the pressure sensor inside the cuff, and process the raw pressure value based on a preset differential formula to obtain a differential signal. By calculating the change in pressure signal at different time points, the real-time changes in arterial blood pressure can be reflected more accurately, improving the accuracy and reliability of blood pressure measurement. Then, the peak and trough values ​​in the raw pressure value are determined based on the differential signal, and the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value are determined based on the peak and trough values. Finally, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure are determined based on the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value. This reduces errors caused by the failure to detect pulses in time, thereby improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement and more accurately reflecting the true blood pressure situation. By ensuring that every pulse signal is captured during the pressure drop process, the accumulation of measurement errors caused by the failure to detect pulses can be avoided, improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement results.

[0056] Please see Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 100 includes a memory 12 and a processor 13. The memory 12 is used to store computer-readable instructions, and the processor 13 executes the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory to implement a blood pressure measurement method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0057] In one embodiment of this application, the electronic device 100 further includes a bus and a computer program stored in the memory 12 and executable on the processor 13, such as a blood pressure measurement program.

[0058] Figure 4 Only an electronic device 100 with memory 12 and processor 13 is shown; those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 100, and may include fewer or more components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0059] Combination Figure 3The memory 12 in the electronic device 100 stores a plurality of computer-readable instructions to implement a blood pressure measurement method. The processor 13 can execute the plurality of instructions to achieve: acquiring the raw pressure value transmitted in real time by the pressure sensor in the cuff of the staged deflation sphygmomanometer during a deflation phase; processing the raw pressure value based on a preset differential formula to obtain a differential signal; determining the peak value and trough value in the raw pressure value according to the differential signal; determining the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value according to the peak value and the trough value; and determining the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure according to the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value in multiple deflation phases.

[0060] Specifically, the processor 13's implementation method for the above instructions can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 The descriptions of the relevant steps in the corresponding embodiments are not repeated here.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will understand that the schematic diagram is merely an example of the electronic device 100 and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 may be a bus-type structure or a star-type structure. The electronic device 100 may also include more or fewer other hardware or software than shown in the diagram, or different component arrangements. For example, the electronic device 100 may also include input / output devices, network access devices, etc.

[0062] It should be noted that electronic device 100 is only an example. Other existing or future electronic products that are suitable for this application should also be included within the scope of protection of this application and are incorporated herein by reference.

[0063] The memory 12 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, which can be non-volatile or volatile. The readable storage medium includes flash memory, portable hard drives, multimedia cards, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), magnetic storage, magnetic disks, optical disks, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 12 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 100, such as the portable hard drive of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments, the memory 12 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 100, such as a plug-in portable hard drive, SmartMediaCard (SMC), SecureDigital (SD) card, FlashCard, etc., equipped on the electronic device 100. The memory 12 can be used not only to store application software and various types of data installed on the electronic device 100, such as the code of a blood pressure measurement program, but also to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0064] In some embodiments, the processor 13 may be composed of integrated circuits, such as a single packaged integrated circuit or multiple integrated circuits packaged with the same or different functions, including combinations of one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and various control chips. The processor 13 is the control unit of the electronic device 100, connecting to various components of the electronic device 100 via various interfaces and lines. It executes programs or modules stored in the memory 12 (e.g., executing a blood pressure measurement program) and calls data stored in the memory 12 to perform various functions of the electronic device 100 and process data.

[0065] The processor 13 executes the operating system of the electronic device 100 and various installed applications. The processor 13 executes the applications to implement the steps in each of the above-described embodiments of the blood pressure measurement method, for example... Figure 3 The steps are shown.

[0066] For example, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 12 and executed by the processor 13 to complete this application. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer-readable instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program in the electronic device 100.

[0067] The integrated unit implemented as a software functional module described above can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. This software functional module, stored in a storage medium, includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, computer equipment, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute portions of the blood pressure measurement method described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0068] If the modules / units integrated in the electronic device 100 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware devices. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above.

[0069] The computer program includes computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory, and other memory.

[0070] Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium may primarily include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store the operating system, an application program required for at least one function, etc.; and the stored data area may store data created based on the use of blockchain nodes, etc.

[0071] The bus can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, in... Figure 4 The symbol is represented by only one arrow, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus. The bus is configured to enable communication between the memory 12 and at least one processor 13, etc.

[0072] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium (not shown), which stores computer-readable instructions that are executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement a blood pressure measurement method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0073] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0074] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0075] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0076] Furthermore, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices described in the specification may also be implemented by a single unit or device through software or hardware. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to indicate names and do not indicate any specific order.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A blood pressure measurement method, applied to a staged deflation sphygmomanometer, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the raw pressure value sent in real time by the pressure sensor in the cuff of the staged deflation sphygmomanometer during a deflation phase. The original pressure value is processed based on a preset differential formula to obtain a differential signal; The peak and trough values ​​in the original pressure value are determined based on the differential signal; The pulse amplitude and blood pressure value are determined based on the peak value and the trough value; Systolic and diastolic blood pressure are determined based on the pulse amplitude and blood pressure values ​​during multiple decompression phases.

2. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The original pressure value is filtered according to a preset filter to obtain a pulse signal; Identify multiple peak points in the pulse signal; Determine the largest peak point among the plurality of peak points.

3. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The air pump is controlled to inflate the pressure pulse band. During the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the pressure pulse band, if the values ​​of two consecutive peak points decrease, the air pump is controlled to stop inflating the pressure pulse band.

4. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the peak and trough values ​​in the original pressure value based on the differential signal includes: Determine the peak point in the differential signal; The corresponding sampling point is determined in the original pressure value based on the peak point in the differential signal; The peak adjacent to the sampling point is determined as the peak value; The valley adjacent to the sampling point is determined as the valley value.

5. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the peak point in the differential signal includes: An initial window is determined from the differential signal according to a preset duration; When the center value of the initial window is the maximum value in the initial window, and the center value is greater than a preset threshold, the center value is determined to be the peak point.

6. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak value and the trough value includes: Determine the difference between the peak value and the trough value; Determine the average value of the peak value and the trough value; The difference is determined to be the pulse amplitude; The mean value is determined to be the blood pressure value.

7. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Before processing the original pressure value based on a preset differential formula, the solenoid valve is controlled to release air from the pressure pulsation zone.

8. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: The estimated blood pressure value is determined from the original pressure value based on the maximum peak point; When the original pressure value meets the preset conditions, the solenoid valve is controlled to release air from the pressure band; wherein, the preset conditions include that the difference between the original pressure value and the estimated blood pressure value is not less than a preset value.

9. The blood pressure measurement method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the original pressure value does not meet the preset condition, determine the number of peak intervals that meet the preset number from the original pressure value; When the standard deviation corresponding to the time difference between any two adjacent wave peaks is less than a preset time threshold, the pulse rate corresponding to the original pressure value is determined based on the time difference.

10. A staged deflation sphygmomanometer, characterized in that, The staged deflation sphygmomanometer includes: Electronic equipment, pressure band, pressure sensor, air pump, and solenoid valve; the electronic equipment is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor, the air pump, and the solenoid valve; Electronic equipment is used to control the air pump to inflate the pressure band; The electronic device is also used to acquire the raw pressure value sent in real time by the pressure sensor; The electronic device is also used to determine an estimated blood pressure value based on the original pressure value; The electronic device is also used to control the solenoid valve to release air from the pressure pulse band; The electronic device is also used to process the original pressure value based on a preset differential formula to obtain a differential signal during the deflation process of the pressure pulse band; The electronic device is also used to determine the peak value and trough value in the original pressure value based on the differential signal; The electronic device is also used to determine the pulse amplitude and blood pressure value based on the peak value and the trough value; The electronic device is also used to determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure based on the pulse amplitude and the blood pressure value, provided that the original pressure value meets preset conditions.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to implement the blood pressure measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

12. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the blood pressure measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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