Traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics postoperative acupoint physiotherapy and functional rehabilitation cooperation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics postoperative acupoint physiotherapy and functional rehabilitation cooperation method, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation. According to the method, a'pathogenesis-acupoint-training-time sequence 'four-dimensional collaborative model is constructed, and the method comprises the steps of preoperative evaluation and intervention; according to four stages of an ecchymoma stage, a recovery stage, a rehabilitation later stage and a rehabilitation consolidation stage, pre-training-in-training-post-training time sequence linkage acupoint physiotherapy and functional rehabilitation are implemented, and dynamic cooperation of time, space, strength and individuals is achieved; the scheme is adjusted in a closed-loop mode through a basic-version or advanced-version biological feedback mechanism; and establishing an evaluation system and home collaborative guidance. The traditional Chinese medicine meridian theory and the modern rehabilitation technology are fused, the problems that an existing rehabilitation scheme is poor in collaboration, insufficient in individualization and low in efficiency are solved, the swelling and pain relieving and joint function recovering time can be remarkably shortened, complications are reduced, the rehabilitation efficiency and compliance are improved, and the method is suitable for medical institutions at all levels and home rehabilitation scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of postoperative rehabilitation technology in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) orthopedics, specifically involving a method for the synergistic application of acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after TCM orthopedic surgery. This method deeply integrates TCM meridian theory, modern exercise physiology, and biofeedback technology. By dynamically integrating acupoint stimulation with phased functional rehabilitation training, it achieves precise, systematic, and personalized intervention for postoperative recovery. Acupoint stimulation includes acupuncture, electroacupuncture, moxibustion, massage, iontophoresis with Chinese medicine, and acupoint embedding.

[0002] This method is applicable to postoperative scenarios for orthopedic injuries such as fractures, dislocations, and ligament injuries. Fractures include humeral fractures in the upper limbs, tibia and fibula fractures in the lower limbs, and lumbar vertebrae fractures; dislocations include wrist dislocations and shoulder dislocations; and ligament injuries include ligament tears and tendon damage in the knee joint. This method is compatible with common surgical procedures such as internal fixation, external fixation, joint replacement, and ligament repair, and can meet the needs of medical institutions at all levels and home rehabilitation, providing innovative solutions for postoperative functional reconstruction. Medical institutions at all levels include tertiary hospitals and primary care clinics. Background Technology

[0003] Traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics adheres to the core principles of "equal emphasis on tendons and bones, prioritizing qi and blood, and treating according to syndrome differentiation," stressing that postoperative rehabilitation should simultaneously address "removing blood stasis and reducing swelling, relieving pain and promoting new tissue growth, and strengthening tendons and bones." With improved surgical precision, postoperative rehabilitation has become a crucial factor influencing treatment outcomes. Globally, of the approximately 200 million orthopedic surgeries performed annually, 30%-40% of patients suffer from functional impairments due to inadequate rehabilitation, with a postoperative chronic pain incidence rate as high as 25%, and direct medical costs increasing by more than 50%.

[0004] Current clinical rehabilitation methods suffer from numerous technical bottlenecks, with the following core shortcomings:

[0005] 1. Lack of a synergistic mechanism leads to fragmented intervention effects. Existing rehabilitation programs are mostly simple combinations of acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation, lacking a systematic synergistic logic. While some programs achieve phased adaptation, they fail to form a continuous temporal linkage throughout the pre-training, during-training, and post-training process. The intervals between therapy and training are random, failing to utilize the "golden 30 minutes" of increased pain threshold after therapy. Some programs emphasize temporal synergy but lack deep integration with the evolution of TCM pathogenesis, and the selection of acupoints is not dynamically adjusted according to changes in pathogenesis such as the reduction of swelling and the replenishment of Qi and blood. Although some programs' biofeedback closed loops can adjust parameters in real time, they are not integrated with preoperative intervention and home-based collaborative education, resulting in an incomplete rehabilitation process and a tendency for rebound effects after discharge.

[0006] Existing solutions generally suffer from "spatiotemporal decoupling," resulting in a mismatch between physical therapy and training parameters. Physical therapy intensity is fixed and not dynamically adjusted with exercise load. The timing coordination lacks quantitative standards, leading to differences in effectiveness exceeding 40% among different physicians.

[0007] 2. Insufficient individualized adaptation and a "one-size-fits-all" approach: Western medicine-led rehabilitation programs are highly standardized, neglecting the differences in constitutions according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Patients with Qi deficiency have only 60% of the rehabilitation tolerance of those with blood stasis, and premature high-intensity training can easily lead to "muscle and bone strain." TCM physiotherapy relies heavily on experience in selecting acupoints, without incorporating modern functional assessment indicators such as joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength grading.

[0008] While some treatment plans provide detailed constitution differentiation, they lack a quantitative correlation with training load. The proportion of reduced training intensity for patients with Qi deficiency constitution is not clearly defined. The constitution coefficient models in some plans do not cover the pathological changes at different postoperative stages. Patients with blood stasis constitution require high-frequency electroacupuncture during the ecchymosis stage, while the dosage of blood-activating acupoints needs to be reduced during the recovery stage. Some plans do not incorporate constitution differentiation, and the uniform training standards lead to over- or under-training in more than 20% of patients. Furthermore, existing plans do not adequately consider the differences in bone injury types; the rehabilitation focus differs between upper limb fractures and spinal fractures, but the training content is not adjusted accordingly.

[0009] 3. The disconnect between timing and parameters limits rehabilitation efficiency. Postoperative pathogenesis evolves dynamically at different stages, divided into the bruising stage, recovery stage, late rehabilitation stage, and consolidation stage. However, the current approach fails to link acupoint therapy with functional rehabilitation parameters. The electroacupuncture frequency and moxibustion duration are fixed and not adjusted according to the range of motion or muscle load. Even when the knee is flexed to 30°, the Yanglingquan electroacupuncture frequency remains at 2Hz, failing to enhance muscle activation.

[0010] The lack of quantitative standards for time-series coordination means that the duration of pre-training physical therapy and the intensity of stimulation during training are entirely based on experience. Although some programs can adjust biofeedback in real time, they do not combine the "Qi and blood flow rhythm" of traditional Chinese medicine. The physical therapy effect is improved by 30% during the peak Qi and blood flow period of 9-11 am, which leads to a longer rehabilitation period and a high incidence of complications such as joint stiffness and muscle atrophy. The average incidence of complications in the current programs is 35%.

[0011] 4. A contradiction exists between the feasibility and operability of some treatment plans: While some plans have standardized procedures, they rely heavily on professional personnel. Due to a lack of TCM diagnostic talent in primary healthcare institutions, the coverage rate is less than 30%. Some plans are highly flexible but lack standardized procedures, resulting in up to 50% differences in joint mobility recovery speed among different physicians. The cost of a single biofeedback device for some plans exceeds 50,000 yuan, making them difficult to implement in remote areas. Biofeedback devices include NIRS near-infrared spectroscopy and sEMG electromyography patches.

[0012] Meanwhile, existing programs lack a comprehensive home rehabilitation guidance system. Patients' self-physiotherapy accuracy rate after discharge is less than 40%, training compliance decreases by 60%, and rehabilitation effects are prone to rebound.

[0013] In summary, existing technologies have failed to address the core issues of "lack of collaborative logic, insufficient individualization, fragmented timing parameters, and limited generalizability," necessitating the development of a collaborative method that combines creativity and practicality. Summary of the Invention

[0014] 1. Purpose of the invention

[0015] This invention aims to construct a four-dimensional collaborative model of "pathogenesis-acupoint-training-time sequence" to achieve the following objectives:

[0016] 1. Dynamic and precise intervention: Establish a real-time mapping relationship between acupoint stimulation and training load, adapt to the pathogenesis and individual constitution at different stages after surgery, avoid excessive or insufficient intervention, and increase the effectiveness of acupoint physiotherapy to over 90%.

[0017] 2. Improved rehabilitation efficiency: Reduces swelling and pain relief time by 30%-40%, from an average of 7 days to 4-5 days. Reduces joint range of motion recovery time by 25%-35%, from an average of 6 weeks to 4-4.5 weeks. The rehabilitation cycle is shortened by 20%-30% compared to existing programs.

[0018] 3. Reduced complication rate: The incidence of complications such as muscle atrophy, joint stiffness, and deep vein thrombosis is reduced by more than 50%, from 35% to below 15%. The refracture rate is ≤2%.

[0019] 4. Enhanced operability: Standardized procedures are established, with basic and advanced versions available. These can be implemented in both primary care and tertiary hospitals, achieving a home-based rehabilitation compliance rate of over 88%. The basic version requires no complex equipment, while the advanced version is equipped with biofeedback devices.

[0020] 5. Inherit and innovate the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine: Integrate traditional Chinese medicine techniques such as iontophoresis of Chinese medicine and acupoint embedding with modern biofeedback to promote the transformation of traditional Chinese medicine bone and joint rehabilitation from "experience-based" to "evidence-based".

[0021] 2. Technical Solution

[0022] This invention proposes a core technical solution of "four-stage-four-dimensional synergy-triple temporal sequence". Based on the four-dimensional framework of "time-space-intensity-individual", it integrates four-stage subdivision, preoperative intervention and traditional Chinese medicine characteristics, and combines pre-training-training-training-post-training temporal synergy, home education and biofeedback closed-loop regulation to achieve precise rehabilitation throughout the whole process.

[0023] 2.1 Preoperative preparation and assessment

[0024] A comprehensive preoperative assessment provides a scientific basis for the development of postoperative plans, while preoperative intervention lays the foundation for rehabilitation, with detailed operational standards for each step.

[0025] 2.1.1 Injury Assessment

[0026] 1. Imaging examinations: X-rays confirm the alignment of the fracture, CT scans assess the degree of bone displacement, and MRI determines soft tissue injury, including the extent of ligament and tendon tears.

[0027] 2. Core Information Record: Bone injury types are classified as closed / open fractures and complete / incomplete dislocations. Injury sites include the humerus, tibia, fibula, and lumbar vertebrae. Injury severity is classified as mild, moderate, and severe. Mild injury is a bone fracture / minor ligament sprain; moderate injury is a fracture displacement <2mm / partial ligament tear; and severe injury is a comminuted fracture / complete ligament tear. Surgical methods include internal fixation with plates, external fixation, and joint replacement.

[0028] 3. Complication prediction: Risk is predicted based on the location of injury. Spinal fractures are prone to causing atrophy of the back muscles, knee ligament repair surgery is prone to causing joint adhesions, and lower limb fractures are prone to causing deep vein thrombosis.

[0029] 2.1.2 Constitutional Differentiation

[0030] 1. Diagnostic Methods: The four diagnostic methods are combined with the "Classification and Determination of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution" (ZYYXH / T157-2009) standard, along with quantitative data from tongue diagnosis and pulse diagnosis instruments. The tongue diagnosis instrument identifies tongue color and coating, while the pulse diagnosis instrument detects pulse rate and pulse pressure.

[0031] 2. Body constitution classification and intervention principles

[0032] For those with Qi deficiency: Post-operative fatigue and shortness of breath are common. Treatment focuses on acupoints that tonify Qi, including Zusanli (ST36) and Qihai (CV6). Physical therapy primarily involves gentle moxibustion, and training load is reduced by 20%.

[0033] Blood deficiency type: prone to numbness in limbs and persistent bruising; focus on blood-nourishing acupoints, including Sanyinjiao and Pishu. Increase moxibustion duration in physical therapy.

[0034] Blood stasis type: Significant swelling and severe pain, with emphasis on acupoints to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, including Taichong and Xuehai. Physiotherapy mainly consists of high-frequency electroacupuncture and massage.

[0035] Cold-dampness type: aversion to cold, cold limbs, focus on warming and unblocking acupoints, including Guanyuan and Mingmen. Increase the temperature of moxibustion by 2℃.

[0036] For damp-heat type: the treated area is red, swollen, hot, and painful. Focus on clearing heat acupoints, including Quchi (LI11) and Yinlingquan (SP9). Reduce moxibustion and increase the frequency of iontophoresis with traditional Chinese medicine.

[0037] For liver and kidney deficiency type: characterized by soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees, and slow bone healing, the focus is on tonifying the kidneys and strengthening bones through acupoints, including Shenshu (BL23) and Taixi (KI3). Moxibustion with ginger slices is also added to the physical therapy.

[0038] 2.1.3 Basic Status Assessment

[0039] 1. General Information: Record age, gender, height, and weight. Training intensity should be reduced by 30% for elderly patients over 60 years of age.

[0040] 2. Underlying diseases: Hypertensive patients need to control their blood pressure to <160 / 100 mmHg during training; diabetic patients need to control their blood sugar to <10 mmol / L; and osteoporosis patients should avoid excessive weight-bearing.

[0041] 3. Limb Function Baseline: Joint range of motion, such as shoulder flexion and knee flexion, is measured using a goniometer. Muscle strength is assessed using a muscle strength grading system ranging from 0 to 5. Balance ability is assessed using the Berg Balance Scale.

[0042] 4. Pain score: The VAS pain score method was used, with a score of 0-10. The preoperative pain level was recorded as a basis for evaluating postoperative efficacy.

[0043] 2.1.4 Preoperative intervention

[0044] 1. Acupoint Therapy: 3-7 days before the procedure, select common acupoints such as Zusanli (ST36), Sanyinjiao (SP6), and Xuehai (SP10) and apply gentle massage and moxibustion. Zusanli is located 3 cun below Dubi (ST35), on the tibialis anterior muscle. Sanyinjiao is located 3 cun above the tip of the medial malleolus, at the posterior border of the medial border of the tibia. Xuehai is located 2 cun above the superior medial border of the patella when the knee is flexed.

[0045] The massage pressure should be such that the patient feels soreness and distension, with a pain score ≤2. Massage each acupoint for 3-5 minutes. For moxibustion, use gentle moxibustion, keeping the moxa stick 2-3cm away from the skin, for 5-7 minutes per acupoint, with a total session duration of 15-20 minutes, once daily, to regulate Qi and blood and enhance physical fitness.

[0046] 2. Rehabilitation Cognition Guidance: Using a combination of text, images, videos, and practical demonstrations, the importance of postoperative rehabilitation, its synergistic logic, key points at each stage, and precautions are explained to patients and their families. The synergistic logic lays the foundation for physical therapy and training, while training consolidates the effects of physical therapy. Precautions include avoiding forceful stretching and the timing of weight-bearing. Rehabilitation manuals are distributed to answer patients' questions and improve rehabilitation compliance, with a target of ≥90%.

[0047] 2.2 Phased Collaborative Rehabilitation Implementation

[0048] The program is implemented in four stages: "bruising stage - recovery stage - post-rehabilitation stage - consolidation stage". Each stage is centered on four-dimensional synergy, which includes time, space, intensity, and individual factors. It incorporates pre-training, during-training, and post-training sequential synergy, and refines the operational details and parameter standards of physiotherapy and training.

[0049] 2.2.1 First stage: Postoperative ecchymosis and swelling period

[0050] This stage lasts for 1-2 weeks post-surgery.

[0051] 1. Core pathogenesis: Stagnation of Qi and blood, obstruction of meridians, and retention of dampness, manifested as swelling, severe pain, limited limb movement, and subcutaneous ecchymosis in the surgical area. Some patients also experience chills and fatigue. The swelling degree in the surgical area is >30%, and the VAS score is 6-8.

[0052] 2. Key Coordination Points: Acupoint therapy aims to "promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, reduce swelling and relieve pain," while functional rehabilitation aims to "prevent stiffness and avoid muscle disuse." In terms of timing, therapy precedes training, with a 30-minute interval. Passive activities are conducted during the "golden window" of increased pain threshold after therapy.

[0053] 3. Four-dimensional collaborative rules

[0054] Timing: Physiotherapy should be performed between 9 and 11 a.m., when Qi and blood are at their peak, once daily. Training should be conducted twice daily, at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Each training session should last 15-20 minutes, avoiding training on an empty stomach or within one hour after a meal.

[0055] Spatial Dimension: Acupoints are combined in a "local + distal" manner, taking into account both general applicability and specificity. General acupoints include Ashi points, Xuehai (SP10), and Yanglingquan (GB34). Ashi points are located at least 5cm from the surgical incision to avoid interfering with healing. Acupoints selected based on syndrome differentiation are: for Qi deficiency, add Zusanli (ST36); for blood deficiency, add Sanyinjiao (SP6); for blood stasis, add Taichong (LR3); for cold-dampness, add Guanyuan (CV4); and for damp-heat, add Quchi (LI11). Suitable acupoints for bone injuries are: for upper limb fractures, add Quchi (LI11) and Hegu (LI4); for lower limb fractures, add Weizhong (BL40) and Jiexi (ST41); for spinal fractures, add Shenshu (BL23) and Dachangshu (BL25); and for tendon injuries, add Jinsuo (SI14) and Yangchi (TE4).

[0056] Intensity Level: The physical therapy uses "gentle massage + moxibustion + traditional Chinese medicine iontophoresis". Massage intensity should be ≤3 points (pain level), assessed using the VAS score. Moxibustion temperature should be 38-40℃. Iontophoresis current should be 0.3-0.5 mA / cm², with a herbal solution concentration of 100-150 g / L. The herbal solution is a concentrated decoction of 10g peach kernel and 10g safflower, among other blood-activating and stasis-removing herbs. Training focuses on passive movements, avoiding weight-bearing. Passive movement angles should be ≤90°, targeting the knee joint, or ≤20°, targeting shoulder abduction. Active movements should be performed voluntarily by the patient, without exertion.

[0057] Individualized approaches: For those with Qi deficiency constitution, training load is reduced by 20%, for example, the number of passive activity repetitions is reduced from 8 to 6. For those with blood stasis constitution, the intensity of Sanyinjiao massage is increased from 1kg to 1.5kg. Training intensity for elderly patients is further reduced by 10%.

[0058] 4. Timing-based collaborative operation

[0059] Pre-training: Duration 20-30 minutes. Medical staff will perform gentle massage, pressing Ashi points with fingertips for 5-8 minutes, followed by massage of Xuehai, Yanglingquan, and other acupoints selected based on syndrome differentiation, 3-5 minutes per acupoint, avoiding surgical incisions. Gentle moxibustion will then be performed, 5-7 minutes per acupoint, keeping the area warm. Moxibustion will be discontinued post-operatively if there is a tendency to bleed, such as within 3 days of an open fracture. Iontophoresis with traditional Chinese medicine will then be performed, with electrode pads applied to Ashi and Xuehai acupoints, avoiding the incisions. If the skin is broken or allergic, massage combined with moxibustion will be used instead.

[0060] Training: Performed within 30 minutes after physiotherapy. Passive movements are assisted by a CPM machine or with family assistance, using gentle, slow movements to avoid forceful stretching. Hold each movement for 5-10 seconds, repeating 5-8 times. While using the CPM machine, simultaneously adjust the electroacupuncture frequency: 2Hz for angles ≤10°, 10Hz for 10°-20°, and 15Hz for >20°, maintaining unobstructed meridian flow. After passive movements, instruct the patient to perform light active movements, such as finger grasping and toe flexion and extension, repeating 10-15 times.

[0061] Post-treatment: 5-10 minutes. Perform centripetal massage, gently pushing and pressing from the distal to the proximal end of the limb to promote venous return. Apply acupressure: for lower limb fractures, apply Sanyinjiao; for upper limb fractures, apply Chize to help reduce swelling.

[0062] 5. Safety and Precautions: Weight-bearing training and strenuous activity are strictly prohibited to avoid incision dehiscence and loosening of internal fixation. Closely monitor the patient's response during physical therapy and training. If a VAS score >4, dizziness, or bleeding occurs in the surgical area, stop the procedure immediately. Instruct the patient to elevate the affected limb above heart level. The diet should consist mainly of light, blood-activating, and stasis-removing foods, such as winter melon and red beans, avoiding spicy and greasy foods.

[0063] 2.2.2 Second stage: Postoperative recovery period

[0064] This stage lasts 3-6 weeks post-surgery.

[0065] 1. Core pathogenesis: As swelling and bruising gradually subside, qi and blood are insufficient, and tendons and bones are not yet healed. Symptoms include relief of swelling and pain, muscle weakness, joint stiffness, and mild pain during activity. Some patients may also experience pale complexion and shortness of breath. Swelling degree <20%, VAS score 3-5.

[0066] 2. Key Synergistic Effects: Acupoint therapy aims to "nourish Qi and blood, unblock meridians and strengthen bones," while functional rehabilitation aims to "enhance muscle strength and gradually increase light weight-bearing." The sessions are spaced 20-30 minutes apart and are combined once a week. The combined therapy includes massage, moxibustion, electroacupuncture, and iontophoresis with traditional Chinese medicine to enhance the synergistic effect.

[0067] 3. Four-dimensional collaborative rules

[0068] Timing: Physiotherapy and training should be spaced 20-30 minutes apart, preferably between 3-5 pm, which is the period of secondary peak Qi and blood circulation. Combined physiotherapy will be conducted every Wednesday for 90 minutes.

[0069] Spatial Dimension: Core acupoints include Ashi points, Zusanli, Sanyinjiao, and Xuanzhong. Acupoint combinations based on syndrome differentiation: Qihai for Qi deficiency, Pishu for blood deficiency, Taichong for blood stasis (reduce massage time); Mingmen for cold-dampness, Yinlingquan for damp-heat. Suitable acupoints for bone injuries: Shousanli for upper limbs, Futu for lower limbs, Zhishi for spine, and Yanggu for tendon injuries.

[0070] Intensity Dimension: Physiotherapy employs "moderate-intensity massage + moxibustion + electroacupuncture". Massage intensity is ≤4 points of pain, assessed using the VAS score. Electroacupuncture frequency is 2-5Hz, with current intensity adjusted to patient tolerance to avoid muscle spasms. Moxibustion uses gentle moxibustion + sparrow-pecking moxibustion, targeting Ashi points. Training focuses on active activities supplemented by passive activities, with light weight-bearing. Lower limb weight-bearing is 10%-30% of body weight, and upper limb grip strength is 0.5-1kg. Joint range of motion is ≤60% of the normal range.

[0071] Individualized assessment: For those with Yang deficiency, the moxibustion temperature was increased to 42℃, an increase of 2℃. The training interval for those with Qi deficiency was extended to 40 minutes. The weight-bearing progress for diabetic patients was slowed by 50%.

[0072] 4. Timing-based collaborative operation

[0073] Pre-training: 5-10 minutes. Perform acupressure, such as on tender points related to shoulder adhesions. Alternatively, perform moxibustion to warm and relax the tissues.

[0074] During training: Perform active assisted training, using elastic bands for support or having the healthy side assist the affected side. Hold each position for 10-15 seconds and repeat 10-15 times. When training specific muscle groups, press corresponding acupoints, such as pressing Xuehai (SP10) when training the quadriceps to enhance neuromuscular recruitment. Patients with lower limb fractures can use a balance board for balance training, standing on both feet for 10-15 seconds and repeating 5-8 times.

[0075] Post-training: 5-10 minutes. Meridian massage and joint mobilization techniques will be performed to relieve muscle tension and improve circulation.

[0076] 5. Safety and Precautions: Gradually increase the intensity of physiotherapy and training, observing the reaction for 24 hours after each increase. If swelling or increased pain occurs, adjust immediately. Light weight-bearing should be performed under the guidance of medical staff, ensuring correct weight-bearing method, such as even distribution of weight on the lower limbs. Consume more foods that nourish qi and blood, and strengthen muscles and bones, such as lean meat, eggs, and bone broth. Continue to keep the surgical area clean.

[0077] 2.2.3 Third stage: Postoperative recovery period

[0078] This stage lasts 7-12 weeks post-surgery.

[0079] 1. Core pathogenesis: When Qi and blood are abundant, tendons and bones gradually heal, and meridians are unobstructed, the swelling and pain basically disappear, the damaged tissues are basically healed, muscle strength is insufficient, joint mobility is not fully restored, and limb coordination is poor. The VAS score is ≤3 points, X-ray shows obvious callus, and joint mobility is 70%-80% of the normal range.

[0080] 2. Key Focus Areas: Acupoint therapy aims to "tonify the kidneys and strengthen bones, fortify tendons and unblock meridians," while functional rehabilitation aims to "restore joint mobility, improve coordination, and gradually enable normal weight-bearing." The schedule is as follows: therapy in the morning, training in the afternoon, with a 1-hour interval, and combined therapy twice a week.

[0081] 3. Four-dimensional collaborative rules

[0082] Time management: One physical therapy session daily, lasting 25-35 minutes. Two training sessions daily, each lasting 40-60 minutes. Ten weeks post-surgery, switch to endurance training such as brisk walking.

[0083] Spatial Dimension: Core acupoints include Zusanli, Shenshu, Taixi, and Xuanzhong; Ashi points are selected as needed. For syndrome differentiation, add Ganshu and Mingmen for liver and kidney deficiency, and reduce the number of acupoints for qi / blood deficiency. Suitable acupoints for bone injuries include Jianyu and Hegu for upper limbs, Liangqiu and Yongquan for lower limbs, Jiaji points and Yaoyangguan for spine, and Taiyuan for tendon injuries.

[0084] Intensity Dimension: The physical therapy utilizes "high-intensity massage + moxibustion + electroacupuncture + acupoint embedding". Massage intensity is ≤5 points of pain, assessed using the VAS score. Electroacupuncture frequency is 5-10Hz. Acupoint embedding uses 0.3-0.5mm sterile catgut sutures, once every 2 weeks. Training primarily focuses on active training, supplemented by weight-bearing training. Joint range of motion reaches 80%-90% of the normal range, and muscle strength reaches 60%-70% of the normal range. Weight-bearing weight is 50%-80% of body weight.

[0085] Individual recommendations: For patients with blood stasis constitution, increase the frequency of electroacupuncture at Xuehai point to 3 times per week. For patients with yin deficiency constitution, shorten the moxibustion time from 10 minutes to 7 minutes. Athlete patients can appropriately increase training intensity, for example, to achieve a grip strength of 2kg.

[0086] 4. Timing-based collaborative operation

[0087] Pre-training: 10 minutes in length. A massage hammer is used to gently tap acupoints along the meridians, performing dynamic acupoint tapping to "awaken" the acupoints and stimulate the flow of Qi.

[0088] During training: Engage in active limb movements, including full-range flexion, extension, and rotation. Hold each movement for 15-20 seconds and repeat 15-20 times, simulating daily activities such as dressing and climbing stairs. Provide synchronized stimulation: apply pressure to Baihui / Yongquan points during balance training and use the Huan Tiao (a specific acupoint) massage technique during squats to reinforce movement patterns. Perform coordination training: upper limb exercises include threading beads and buttoning, while lower limb exercises include cross-walking and obstacle course exercises.

[0089] Post-training: 10-15 minutes. Perform a comprehensive massage to relax the muscles, apply heat to the Shenshu acupoint using rubbing techniques, and apply heat to the trained areas to relieve muscle fatigue.

[0090] 5. Safety and Precautions: Normal weight-bearing requires imaging examination to confirm complete healing of the damaged tissue. Instruct the patient on self-acupressure, massaging Zusanli and Taixi acupoints for 5-10 minutes each. Regular follow-up X-ray examinations are necessary at 8, 10, and 12 weeks post-surgery, with adjustments to the treatment plan based on the results. The diet should focus on nourishing the kidneys and strengthening bones, including foods such as walnuts, goji berries, and yams; avoid raw and cold foods.

[0091] 2.2.4 Fourth Stage: Postoperative Rehabilitation and Consolidation Period

[0092] This stage is 13-24 weeks post-surgery.

[0093] 1. Core Pathogenesis: Strengthening muscles and bones, harmonizing Qi and blood, and unblocking meridians manifests as basic recovery of limb function and gradual improvement in muscle strength. However, it is necessary to consolidate the therapeutic effect and prevent recurrence. Limb function recovers to 90%-100% of the normal range.

[0094] 2. Key Coordination Points: Acupoint therapy aims to "harmonize Qi and blood and consolidate therapeutic effects," while functional rehabilitation aims to "adapt to daily work and life and achieve fully normal weight-bearing capacity." Therapy is administered 3-4 times per week, with a 1-hour interval between sessions and training.

[0095] 3. Four-dimensional collaborative rules

[0096] Time-based: Physiotherapy 3-4 times per week, 20-30 minutes each time. Training 1-2 times daily, 30-60 minutes each time. Swimming, Tai Chi, and other exercises can be added 18 weeks after surgery.

[0097] Spatial Dimension: A streamlined set of core health-preserving acupoints, including Zusanli, Shenshu, Taixi, and Xuanzhong. Local acupoints can be added as needed; Hegu is added for the upper limbs, and Liangqiu for the lower limbs.

[0098] Intensity Level: The physical therapy combines "conventional massage + moxibustion + self-acupoint massage". Massage pressure should be comfortable, and moxibustion temperature should be 38-40℃. Patients should perform self-massage daily, 3-5 minutes per acupoint. Training intensity is stable, with joint range of motion reaching 90%-100% of the normal range, muscle strength reaching 80%-90% of the normal range, and full normal weight-bearing. Training simulates work scenarios, such as prolonged sitting at an office or bending over for labor.

[0099] Individualized care: Maintain physical fitness and avoid excessive weight-bearing, such as avoiding prolonged uphill climbing after lower limb fracture surgery. Elderly patients should reduce high-intensity exercise, such as rope skipping.

[0100] 4. Timing-based collaborative operation

[0101] Pre-training: 5 minutes. Patients perform self-acupressure to activate the meridians.

[0102] During training: Conduct simulated daily scenarios and intermittently press acupoints to strengthen the body, such as Zusanli and Hegu, to relieve fatigue.

[0103] Post-training: Patients independently apply heat and stretch to consolidate the training effect.

[0104] Safety and Precautions: Maintain a stable training intensity, avoiding overtraining or sudden cessation. Instruct patients to develop good lifestyle habits, avoiding prolonged sitting or standing, and encouraging 5 minutes of activity every hour. Regular follow-up examinations are necessary at 16, 20, and 24 weeks post-surgery. Prompt physiotherapy and stretching should be administered for mild pain or stiffness. Maintain a balanced diet, abstain from smoking and limit alcohol consumption to avoid affecting bone metabolism.

[0105] 2.3 Biofeedback Closed-Loop Regulation Mechanism

[0106] To achieve real-time linkage between "exercise and physiotherapy", simplify equipment configuration, and improve practicality, this method is divided into a basic version and an advanced version.

[0107] 2.3.1 Basic Version

[0108] This version is suitable for basic living / home use and requires no complex equipment.

[0109] 1. Data Collection: Joint range of motion was measured using a goniometer, pain was recorded using the VAS scoring system, and muscle strength was assessed using a manual muscle strength test (MMT). Data was recorded once daily.

[0110] 2. Intelligent Decision-Making: Medical staff calculate the physiotherapy intensity correction coefficient based on data. The formula is: Physiotherapy Intensity Correction Coefficient = α × (Target ROM - Actual ROM) + β × (Basic Blood Flow - Real-Time Blood Flow). Blood flow is indirectly judged through skin temperature and color. α / β is the constitution coefficient: Qi deficiency constitution α = 1.2, β = 0.8; Blood stasis constitution α = 0.8, β = 1.2.

[0111] 3. Adjustment Procedure: Manually adjust the physiotherapy parameters. If the ROM (radius range) is not met, for example, actual 30° < target 45°, increase the electroacupuncture intensity by 0.2mA. If blood flow is insufficient, for example, if the skin feels cold, extend the moxibustion time by 5 minutes.

[0112] Version 2.3.2 Advanced

[0113] This version is suitable for tertiary hospitals and is equipped with biofeedback devices.

[0114] 1. Data Acquisition Layer

[0115] Motion parameters: Joint angles and velocities are monitored using an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit). The IMU uses an MPU-6050 chip with a sampling rate of 100Hz and an accuracy of ±0.5°.

[0116] Qi and blood parameters: NIRS near-infrared spectroscopy was used to detect blood perfusion at acupoints at a depth of 2 cm with a resolution of 0.1 mL / 100 g / min. sEMG electromyography patches were used to assess muscle activation with a bandwidth of 20-450 Hz and a signal-to-noise ratio >90 dB.

[0117] 2. Intelligent Decision-Making Layer

[0118] Body mass index calculation: The formula is α=1.0+0.2×(Qi deficiency score / 10)-0.2×(blood stasis score / 10); β=1.0-0.2×(Qi deficiency score / 10)+0.2×(blood stasis score / 10).

[0119] Physiotherapy intensity correction: The formula is ΔI = Kp × (ROM_target - ROM_actual) + Ki × ∫(bloodflow_base - bloodflow_real) dt. Where Kp = 0.3 and Ki = 0.05. Adjustment is triggered when ΔI > 0.5 mA.

[0120] 3. Execution layer

[0121] The electroacupuncture device uses the HANS-200A, with an adjustable frequency of 1-100Hz and a current of 0-5mA, which is automatically adjusted.

[0122] The intelligent moxibustion box uses PID temperature control with an accuracy of ±0.5℃ to maintain the set temperature.

[0123] The massage robotic arm uses the UR5 collaborative robot, with force control ranging from 0.1 to 5 kg and real-time feedback for adjustment.

[0124] Feedback and optimization: Assess swelling reduction rate and training completion every 24 hours. If targets are not met, adjust the acupoint combination or training load, for example, if swelling decreases by less than 15% during the swelling reduction period.

[0125] 2.4 Rehabilitation Assessment and Home-Based Collaboration

[0126] 2.4.1 Evaluation System

[0127] 1. Assessment time: Stage assessment is carried out 3-5 days after the end of each stage, and final assessment is carried out 24 weeks after surgery. Temporary assessment is carried out if abnormalities are found.

[0128] 2. Assessment Content

[0129] Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis and assessment: Combining the four diagnostic methods to determine changes in the pathogenesis, such as whether the swelling and bruising have dissipated and whether the Qi and blood are sufficient.

[0130] Injury recovery assessment: X-ray, CT, and MRI are used to assess callus formation and tendon repair.

[0131] Limb function assessment: Joint range of motion was measured using a goniometer, muscle strength was measured using the MMT scale, balance was measured using the Berg scale, and coordination was tested using a bead-threading test.

[0132] Pain assessment: VAS score was used, compared with the previous stage.

[0133] Complication assessment: Observe muscle atrophy through limb circumference measurement. Observe joint stiffness through range of motion limitation. Observe deep vein thrombosis through vascular ultrasound examination.

[0134] Compliance assessment: The completion rate of physical therapy and training on time is statistically analyzed, and ≥80% is considered to meet the standard.

[0135] Quality of life assessment: The SF-36 scale was used to assess diet, sleep, and mental state.

[0136] 3. Assessment method: A standardized assessment form will be developed, and medical staff will be trained and trained to operate the form uniformly to ensure data accuracy.

[0137] 2.4.2 Home-based collaboration

[0138] 1. Self-physiotherapy guidance

[0139] Acupoint location: Distribute acupoint location maps and an AR navigation APP, marking core acupoints such as Zusanli and Hegu, and providing video demonstrations of massage methods.

[0140] Simple physiotherapy tools: Portable moxibustion boxes and electronic massagers are recommended. Instructions for use are provided, such as temperature settings for moxibustion boxes and intensity adjustments for massagers.

[0141] Traditional Chinese Medicine Iontophoresis Home Version: Provides concentrated medicine solution, simple iontophoresis device, and operation instructions, including avoiding incisions and handling skin allergies.

[0142] 2. Home training guidance

[0143] Video tutorials: Record videos of passive activities, active training, balance training, etc., and mark the key points of the movements, the number of repetitions, and the rest time between sets. For example, wall squats are 30 seconds per set, with a 1-minute rest.

[0144] Safety Precautions: Emphasize avoiding violent stretching and excessive weight-bearing. Stop immediately if pain intensifies.

[0145] 3. Remote rehabilitation guidance

[0146] App Functions: Patients record training videos and rehabilitation data, including VAS scores and activity levels. Medical staff can remotely view these records and provide online guidance once a week to adjust the treatment plan.

[0147] Community interaction: Establish patient communities to share rehabilitation experiences, answer questions, and improve adherence.

[0148] Beneficial effects:

[0149] 1. Significant synergistic effect: Through the triple synergy of "time sequence-parameter-individual", the swelling and pain relief time is shortened by 30%-40%, the joint range of motion recovery time is shortened by 25%-35%, and the muscle strength achievement rate is increased to over 90%, compared to 65% in the current program.

[0150] 2. Significantly reduced complications: Prevents complications such as muscle atrophy and joint stiffness at their source, reducing the incidence by more than 50%, from 35% to below 15%. Refracture rate ≤2%.

[0151] 3. Personalized and Precise Adaptation: A constitution-driven, end-to-end solution adapts to different types of bone injuries and baseline conditions, avoiding a "one-size-fits-all" approach. The incidence of overtraining in patients with Qi deficiency has decreased from 25% to 5%.

[0152] 4. Highly operable and widely adaptable: Available in basic and advanced versions, suitable for both primary care hospitals and tertiary hospitals, with a home rehabilitation compliance rate exceeding 88%. The basic version requires no complex equipment, while the advanced version is equipped with biofeedback devices.

[0153] 5. Excellent cost performance: Shortens hospital stay by 5.3 days per case, saves 4,200 yuan per case, reduces long-term medical costs such as postoperative chronic pain, and reduces the incidence of chronic pain from 25% to 12%.

[0154] 6. Outstanding innovation: For the first time, a four-dimensional collaborative model of "pathogenesis-acupoint-training-time sequence" is constructed, which deeply integrates the rhythm of Qi and blood flow and constitution differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine with modern biofeedback and time sequence synergy, and promotes the transformation of traditional Chinese medicine bone and joint rehabilitation from "experience-based" to "evidence-based".

[0155] 7. High safety: The intervention is gradual, and the intensity of physiotherapy and training is based on the patient's tolerance. There are no obvious adverse reactions, and it is suitable for patients of different ages and underlying diseases. Attached Figure Description

[0156] Figure 1 The overall flowchart of the four-dimensional collaborative process is as follows: preoperative assessment → phased time-series collaboration → biofeedback closed loop → home consolidation.

[0157] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of phased time-sequenced collaborative operation, with the process being pre-training - during-training - post-training;

[0158] Figure 3 : Biofeedback closed-loop regulation architecture diagram, the architecture is data acquisition → decision-making → execution → feedback;

[0159] Figure 4 Clinical efficacy comparison curves show the differences between the synergistic and traditional approaches in terms of swelling, pain, and joint mobility.

[0160] Explanation of the attached diagram labels: 1. Preoperative preparation and assessment module; 2. Phased collaborative rehabilitation implementation module; 3. Biofeedback closed-loop regulation module; 4. Home-based collaborative guidance module; 5. Collaborative unit during the bruising and swelling period; 6. Collaborative unit during the recovery period; 7. Collaborative unit during the later stage of rehabilitation; 8. Collaborative unit during the rehabilitation consolidation period. Detailed Implementation

[0161] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0162] Example 1: Postoperative rehabilitation of tibia and fibula fracture

[0163] The patient was a 45-year-old male who underwent closed reduction and internal fixation surgery. He had moderate injury, was of stasis constitution, with α=0.8, β=1.2, and a VAS score of 7. He had no underlying diseases and showed good tolerance for rehabilitation.

[0164] Preoperative intervention

[0165] Five days prior to surgery, gentle massage and moxibustion were applied to Zusanli (ST36), Sanyinjiao (SP6), and Xuehai (SP10) acupoints for 18 minutes each time. Key points of rehabilitation were explained to the patient to enhance their understanding of rehabilitation.

[0166] Phased implementation

[0167] 1. Bruising stage

[0168] One to two weeks after the surgery, acupoint physiotherapy was performed on Ashi points, Xuehai, Yanglingquan, Taichong, and Weizhong. The treatment involved gentle massage, moxibustion, and iontophoresis with traditional Chinese medicine. The current was 0.4 mA / cm², and the treatment was performed once a day for 50 minutes.

[0169] Pre-training physical therapy lasts 30 minutes. During training, passive flexion and extension are assisted using a CPM machine at an angle of 0-20°, with simultaneous electroacupuncture at a frequency of 10Hz. Centripetal massage is performed after training. Training is conducted twice daily for 18 minutes each time.

[0170] Results: After 2 weeks, the VAS score dropped to 3 points, and the swelling decreased from 35% to 22%.

[0171] 2. Recovery period

[0172] For 3-6 weeks post-surgery, acupoint physiotherapy is performed at Ashi points, Zusanli, Sanyinjiao, Xuanzhong, and Futu, using a combination of moderate-intensity massage, moxibustion, and electroacupuncture at a frequency of 3Hz, once a week.

[0173] Before training, perform moxibustion for 10 minutes. During training, engage in active flexion and extension exercises with light weight-bearing (10%-20% of your body weight), while simultaneously applying pressure to the Xuehai acupoint. After training, perform joint mobilization techniques. Train twice daily for 35 minutes each time.

[0174] Results: After 6 weeks, the callus mineralization rate was 85%, muscle strength reached grade 3, and joint range of motion was 65%.

[0175] 3. Late recovery period

[0176] 7-12 weeks post-surgery, acupoint physiotherapy is performed on Zusanli, Shenshu, Taixi, and Liangqiu acupoints, using high-intensity massage, ginger-separated moxibustion, and electroacupuncture at a frequency of 8Hz. Acupoint embedding is performed once every 2 weeks, and combined physiotherapy is performed twice a week.

[0177] Before training, acupressure is performed. During training, balance training and normal weight-bearing are conducted, with the weight being 50%-80% of one's own body weight, simulating climbing stairs. After training, massage and relaxation are performed. Training is conducted twice daily, for 50 minutes each time.

[0178] Results: After 12 weeks, the Lysholm score was 92, joint range of motion was 90%, and muscle strength reached grade 4.

[0179] Rehabilitation consolidation period

[0180] From 13 to 24 weeks post-surgery, acupoint therapy was performed on Zusanli (ST36), Shenshu (BL23), and Taixi (KI3), using a combination of regular massage and moxibustion, three times a week. Patients also performed self-massage daily for 5 minutes on each acupoint.

[0181] The training consists of jogging, squats, and daily walking, simulating scenarios of standing while working and squatting while doing manual labor. Training is conducted once daily for 50 minutes each time.

[0182] Results: After 24 weeks, function was fully restored, with no joint stiffness, and the patient could run normally. The VAS score was ≤1.

[0183] Example 2: Postoperative rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair surgery

[0184] The patient was a 58-year-old female who underwent arthroscopic repair surgery. She had moderate injury, was of Qi deficiency constitution, with α=1.2, β=0.8, VAS score of 6, and moderate rehabilitation tolerance.

[0185] Phased implementation

[0186] 1. Bruising and swelling period: 1-2 weeks post-surgery, acupoint therapy is performed at Hegu (LI4), Waiguan (TE5), and Zusanli (ST36), using gentle massage and moxibustion, with the training load reduced by 20%. Result: Swelling subsides within 2 weeks.

[0187] 2. Recovery period: 3-6 weeks post-surgery, acupoint therapy is performed using the three shoulder needles, Quchi (LI11), and Shousanli (LI10), combined with electroacupuncture and moxibustion, while simultaneously applying pressure to the Jianyu (LI15) acupoint during training. Results: Muscle strength reaches grade 3 within 5 weeks.

[0188] 3. Post-operative recovery: 7-12 weeks post-surgery, acupoint therapy is performed at Jianyu (LI15), Hegu (LI4), and Shenshu (BL23), using high-intensity massage combined with acupoint embedding. Hand coordination training is also conducted, such as stringing beads. Results: Active forward flexion of 150° is achieved after 10 weeks.

[0189] 4. Rehabilitation Consolidation Period: 13-24 weeks post-surgery, patients self-massage Zusanli and Hegu points and begin daily activity training, such as dressing and washing. Outcome: At 24 weeks, the Constant-Murley score was 90, and the patient was fully independent in daily life.

[0190] Example 3: Postoperative rehabilitation of lumbar vertebral fracture

[0191] The patient is a 58-year-old female who underwent L4-L5 internal fixation surgery. She has moderate injury, liver and kidney deficiency type, VAS score of 7, and moderate rehabilitation tolerance.

[0192] Phased implementation

[0193] 1. Bruising and swelling period: 1-2 weeks post-surgery, acupoint therapy is performed at Shenshu (BL23), Dachangshu (BL25), and Ashi points, using gentle massage and moxibustion. The patient is turned axially every 2 hours. Results: Pain relief within 2 weeks, VAS score of 4.

[0194] 2. Recovery period: 3-6 weeks post-surgery, acupoint therapy is performed at Shenshu (BL23), Ganshu (BL18), Mingmen (GV4), and Zhishi (BL52), using electroacupuncture and moxibustion, along with four-point support training. Results: Back muscle strength reaches grade 2 within 6 weeks.

[0195] 3. Post-operative recovery: 7-12 weeks post-surgery, acupoint therapy is performed using Jiaji points, Yaoyangguan, and Taixi, employing high-intensity massage combined with acupoint embedding, along with spinal flexion and extension exercises. Results: 85% range of motion was achieved at 12 weeks.

[0196] 4. Rehabilitation and Consolidation Period: 13-24 weeks post-surgery, moxibustion at Shenshu (BL23) and Taixi (KI3) points, 3 times per week, along with "Little Swallow Flying" exercises and daily bending and stretching activities. Results: At 24 weeks, back muscle strength is normal, allowing for light physical activity, and the patient's constitution improves to a balanced state.

[0197] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the combined use of acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Preoperative preparation and intervention: conduct injury assessment, TCM constitution differentiation and basic condition assessment for patients, and simultaneously implement preoperative acupoint physiotherapy and rehabilitation cognitive guidance; Phased four-dimensional collaborative rehabilitation implementation: Based on the four stages of pathogenesis evolution after surgery, namely the bruising period, recovery period, post-rehabilitation period and rehabilitation consolidation period, the four-dimensional collaboration of "time-space-intensity-individual" is the core, combined with the full-process time-series linkage of pre-training, training and post-training, and targeted acupoint physiotherapy and functional rehabilitation training are carried out. Biofeedback closed-loop regulation: Two regulation modes, basic and advanced, are constructed. By collecting the patient's motion and physiological parameters, the intensity and frequency of acupoint physiotherapy and the functional rehabilitation training load are dynamically adjusted. Rehabilitation assessment and home-based collaboration: Establish a multi-dimensional rehabilitation assessment system and develop a home-based collaboration plan that includes self-physiotherapy, family training, and remote guidance to achieve seamless integration of in-hospital and home-based rehabilitation.

2. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The TCM constitution differentiation described in step (1) adopts the four diagnostic methods combined with the standard of "Classification and Judgment of TCM Constitution" (ZYYXH / T157-2009), and uses tongue diagnosis instrument and pulse diagnosis instrument to quantify data to identify at least one of the following types: Qi deficiency type, blood deficiency type, blood stasis type, cold-dampness type, damp-heat type, and liver and kidney deficiency type. Based on this, differentiated acupoint selection, physiotherapy methods and training load adjustment principles are formulated.

3. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The preoperative acupoint therapy described in step (1) is performed 3-7 days before the operation. At least one acupoint among Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Xuehai is selected. A combination of gentle massage and gentle moxibustion is used. The massage intensity is based on the patient's tolerance to soreness and distension and a VAS pain score ≤2. The distance between the moxa stick and the skin is 2-3cm. The moxibustion time for each acupoint is 5-7 minutes.

4. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The specific meaning of the four-dimensional collaboration mentioned in step (2) is as follows: Time dimension: The timing of physiotherapy should be selected according to the rhythm of Qi and blood flow in traditional Chinese medicine, and the interval between pre-training physiotherapy and training should be controlled within 30 minutes; Spatial dimension: The selection of acupoints follows the principle of "local + distal", integrating general acupoints, syndrome differentiation acupoints and acupoints suitable for bone injuries; Intensity dimension: The intensity of physical therapy and training load are dynamically adjusted according to the postoperative stage, the patient's physical condition and real-time feedback; Individualized approach: Based on the patient's physical type, age, and underlying diseases, the physical therapy parameters and training program are adjusted accordingly.

5. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The acupoint therapy mentioned in step (2) includes at least one of acupuncture, electroacupuncture, moxibustion, massage, iontophoresis of traditional Chinese medicine, and acupoint embedding; the functional rehabilitation training includes at least one of passive activity, active activity, assisted training, weight-bearing training, balance training, and coordination training.

6. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The basic version of biofeedback regulation described in step (3) is suitable for primary healthcare institutions or home settings. It uses a protractor, VAS score sheet, and manual muscle strength test (MMT) to collect data and manually adjusts the physiotherapy parameters using the physiotherapy intensity correction coefficient formula. The advanced version is suitable for tertiary hospitals. It uses an IMU inertial measurement unit, NIRS near-infrared spectrometer, and sEMG electromyography patch to collect motion and blood parameters and automatically adjusts the execution parameters using an intelligent decision-making algorithm that includes body mass index.

7. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The formula for the physiotherapy intensity correction coefficient is: Physiotherapy intensity correction coefficient = α × (target ROM - actual ROM) + β × (basal blood flow - real-time blood flow), where α and β are the body constitution coefficients, and α = 1.0 + 0.2 × (Qi deficiency constitution score / 10) - 0.2 × (blood stasis constitution score / 10), β = 1.0 - 0.2 × (Qi deficiency constitution score / 10) + 0.2 × (blood stasis constitution score / 10).

8. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The multidimensional rehabilitation assessment system described in step (4) includes TCM syndrome differentiation assessment, injury recovery assessment, limb function assessment, pain assessment, complication assessment, compliance assessment, and quality of life assessment. The assessment is carried out 3-5 days after the end of each stage, and the final assessment is carried out 24 weeks after the operation.

9. The method for synergistic acupoint therapy and functional rehabilitation after surgery in traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The home-based collaborative solution described in step (4) includes: providing acupoint location maps, an AR navigation APP, portable physiotherapy tools, and a home version of traditional Chinese medicine iontophoresis; providing rehabilitation training video tutorials with marked action points; and enabling patient data recording, remote viewing by medical staff, and adjustment of the solution through the rehabilitation APP.

10. A system for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes modules for preoperative assessment and intervention, phased collaborative rehabilitation execution, biofeedback closed-loop regulation, and rehabilitation assessment and home-based collaborative management.

Images