Environment processing system and method for space of aerospace aircraft

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of aerospace aircraft environment control, and provides an environment processing system and method for an aerospace aircraft space, and the system sequentially comprises an air inlet, a first discharge cavity, an airflow channel, a second discharge cavity, a sensing module section and an air outlet in the airflow direction; an electrode I is arranged in the first discharge cavity, a high-voltage electrode in the electrode I is connected to a positive high-voltage power supply, and a grounding electrode is connected to a zero-potential reference; an electrode II is arranged in the second discharge cavity, a high-voltage electrode in the electrode II is connected to a negative high-voltage power supply, and a grounding electrode is connected to a zero-potential reference; the sensing module section is provided with a sensing module for detecting gas components; by adopting the bipolar ground design and through the synergistic effect of the oxidation stage and the reduction stage, air is efficiently treated, meanwhile, the concentration of by-products such as ozone can be effectively controlled, it is ensured that output gas meets the aerospace environment safety standard, and the device is compact in structure and easy to integrate with an existing environment control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace environmental control technology, specifically to an environmental processing system and method for aerospace space. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of global air transport, the air quality and public health safety issues within aircraft cabins, as enclosed spaces with high passenger density, are becoming increasingly prominent. Respiratory infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, can spread rapidly through aerosols within the cabin. Currently, aerospace environmental control systems (ECS) primarily rely on high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters for physical filtration. However, HEPA filters have the following limitations: they cannot inactivate viruses and bacteria smaller than their pore size; they can only trap, not destroy, pathogens, and biofilms may grow on the filters; they require regular replacement, increasing maintenance costs and the risk of secondary pollution; and they are passive purification systems, unable to perform real-time, active air disinfection.

[0003] Cold plasma technology, as an active air treatment method, has the potential to kill a wide range of bacteria and decompose organic pollutants. However, traditional unipolar corona discharge technology has significant drawbacks in aerospace applications: potential drift leads to unstable discharge; it easily generates excessive ozone, potentially exceeding aerospace safety standards (such as the 0.1 ppm limit specified in FAR 25.832); the chemical reaction is mainly oxidation-based, which may lead to the accumulation of intermediate byproducts such as nitrogen oxides and formaldehyde; and it poses a high risk of electromagnetic interference. Therefore, in view of the above, there is an urgent need to provide an environmental treatment system and method for aerospace applications to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an environmental processing system and method for spacecraft, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: an environmental treatment system for spacecraft, which can directly replace the duct between the combination of the hybrid manifold and the existing ECS ​​system and the air outlet of the cabin / cockpit without modifying the fuselage structure. The environmental treatment system is characterized in that, along the airflow direction, it sequentially includes an air inlet, a first discharge chamber, an airflow channel, a second discharge chamber, a sensing module section and an air outlet.

[0006] An electrode is provided in the first discharge cavity. The high-voltage electrode in the first electrode is connected to a positive high-voltage power supply, and the ground electrode is connected to a zero potential reference, so as to form a positive corona discharge in the first discharge cavity and generate oxidizing active species.

[0007] The second discharge chamber is provided with an electrode two. The high-voltage electrode of the electrode two is connected to a negative high-voltage power supply, and the grounding electrode is connected to a zero potential reference, so as to form a negative corona discharge in the second discharge chamber and generate reducing active species.

[0008] The sensing module section is equipped with a sensing module for detecting gas components;

[0009] The environmental processing system also includes a control module and a high-voltage power supply. The control module is electrically connected to the sensing module and the high-voltage power supply and is used to independently adjust the output of the high-voltage power supply based on the feedback signal from the sensing module.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the air inlet has a built-in guide plate.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: at least one of the first discharge cavity and one of the second discharge cavities are provided.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the first discharge cavity is provided with a U-shaped structure to allow active gas species to remain in the cavity and participate in the reaction.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: a sealing ring is provided between the first discharge cavity and the U-shaped structure to prevent the outflow of active species.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: both electrode one and electrode two are provided in two sets, and both electrode one and electrode two are mesh-like, needle-like, rod-like or ring-like structures.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: a sealing ring is provided between the airflow channel and the second discharge chamber, and between the second discharge chamber and the sensing module segment, to prevent the outflow of active species.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the sensing module includes an O3 sensing module, a VOC sensing module, an air pressure sensing module, and an airflow sensing module.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: the sensing module segment is provided with a second U-shaped structure.

[0018] The present invention also provides an environmental treatment method for spacecraft, employing the environmental treatment system for spacecraft as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] System initialization: After detecting the airflow signal, the microcontroller unit (MCU) performs a system self-test;

[0020] Start the first discharge chamber: The MCU controls the high-voltage power supply to apply a positive high voltage to the first discharge chamber, generating oxidizing active species;

[0021] Start the second discharge chamber: After the first discharge chamber is started, the MCU controls the high voltage power supply to apply a negative high voltage to the second discharge chamber to generate reducing species;

[0022] Closed-loop control: The MCU collects gas composition data from the sensing module segment in real time and dynamically adjusts the discharge voltage of the first and second discharge chambers accordingly to keep the output gas composition stable within a preset range.

[0023] Power off: When an airflow interruption is detected, the MCU controls the high-voltage power supply to shut down, reducing the output voltage to zero.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] Bipolar chemical equilibrium: the positive phase produces oxidizing species, and the negative phase eliminates excess ozone and reduced residual free radicals, thus achieving red oxygen equilibrium;

[0026] Highly efficient pathogen inactivation: It can destroy the structure of viral RNA or DNA within milliseconds;

[0027] Low power, high efficiency: The active reaction self-control center dynamically adjusts the discharge cavity parameters according to the sensing environment to maintain the best reaction efficiency;

[0028] Electromagnetic compatibility and safety: It has a shielded structure to avoid interference with avionics systems;

[0029] Easy maintenance: The electrical cavity has self-cleaning properties, extending its lifespan.

[0030] This invention can significantly improve the public health protection capabilities inside spacecraft cabins and can be extended to fields such as rail transportation, medical transport cabins, and confined space treatment and environmental control. It can be used not only as an environmental control module for newly manufactured spacecraft, but also as a modular retrofit module to be embedded in existing spacecraft ECS without significantly changing the piping structure. Furthermore, this technology has the ability to disinfect and deodorize simultaneously, and its energy can be adjusted according to different aircraft models and cabin volumes, making it of great value for industrial promotion and public health prevention.

[0031] This invention can simultaneously achieve the inactivation of biological pollutants (viruses / bacteria / molds), the decomposition of chemical pollutants (VOCs, harmful gases), the automatic balance and neutralization of gas activity and residues, the promotion of filtration through particulate charge agglomeration, and the safe maintenance of gas chemistry and electric field within the limits permissible by the aerospace environment. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the invention installed on the fuselage structure.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first discharge cavity in this invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second discharge cavity in this invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sensing module segment in this invention.

[0038] In the attached diagram: 1-body structure, 2-return air duct, 3-combination of the hybrid manifold and existing ECS ​​system, 4-environmental treatment system, 41-air inlet, 42-first discharge chamber, 421-electrode one, 422-sealing ring one, 423-U-shaped structure one, 43-airflow channel, 44-second discharge chamber, 441-electrode two, 442-sealing ring two, 45-sensing module segment, 451-sensing module, 452-U-shaped structure two, 46-air outlet, 47-high voltage line, 48-high voltage power supply module, 49-control module, 410-bracket, 5-duct, 6-air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-5 The present invention provides an environmental treatment system 4 for aerospace space, which can directly replace the duct 5 between the combination of the hybrid manifold and the existing ECS ​​system 3 and the air outlet 6 of the cabin / cockpit without modifying the fuselage structure 1. It can be installed as a plug-and-play unit without modifying the ECS host, control logic or electrical system to achieve the function, which meets the air treatment upgrade requirements of aircraft, cabin equipment and closed environment. The environmental treatment system 4 includes, in sequence along the airflow direction, an air inlet 41, a first discharge chamber 42, an airflow channel 43, a second discharge chamber 44, a sensing module section 45 and an air outlet 46.

[0044] An electrode 421 is provided in the first discharge cavity 42. The high-voltage electrode in the electrode 421 is connected to a positive high-voltage power supply, and the ground electrode is connected to a zero potential reference, so as to form a positive corona discharge in the first discharge cavity 42 and generate oxidizing active species.

[0045] The second discharge chamber 44 is provided with an electrode 441. The high-voltage electrode in the electrode 441 is connected to a negative high-voltage power supply, and the grounding electrode is connected to a zero potential reference, so as to form a negative corona discharge in the second discharge chamber 44 and generate reducing active species.

[0046] The sensing module segment 45 is provided with a sensing module 451 for detecting gas components;

[0047] The environmental processing system 4 also includes a control module 49 and a high-voltage power supply. The control module 49 is electrically connected to the sensing module 451 and the high-voltage power supply, and is used to independently adjust the output of the high-voltage power supply according to the feedback signal of the sensing module 451.

[0048] The environmental treatment system 4 also includes a bracket 410 for installing and supporting the above-mentioned modules.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the cabin airflow direction is:

[0050] 1. Cabin / cockpit return air inlet → 2. Return air duct → 3. Combination of hybrid manifold and existing ECS ​​system → 4. Environmental treatment system → 5. Duct → 6. Cabin / cockpit air outlet;

[0051] The airflow direction within the environmental treatment system 4 is:

[0052] Air inlet 41 → First discharge chamber 42 → Second discharge chamber 43 → Sensing module section 44 → Air outlet 45;

[0053] The two discharge chambers are separated by an airflow channel (i.e., the first discharge chamber 42 and the second discharge chamber 44), and the airflow flows through the two chambers in sequence. The first discharge chamber 42 generates oxidizing reactive species (ROS) to decompose VOCs and inactivate pathogens, while the second discharge chamber 44 generates reducing species (RNS, O−) to neutralize reactive species (ROS) and oxidation products, so that the overall gas composition after treatment meets aerospace standards.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1-3 The air inlet 41 has a built-in guide plate, which can homogenize the airflow at the front end and prevent turbulence from entering the first discharge cavity 42;

[0055] At least one first discharge cavity 42 is provided. In actual application, one or more first discharge cavities 42 are provided in a connected manner.

[0056] The first discharge cavity 42 is provided with a U-shaped structure 423 so that the active gas species remain in the discharge cavity to participate in the reaction;

[0057] A sealing ring 422 is provided between the first discharge cavity 42 and the U-shaped structure 423 to prevent the active species from flowing out. The sealing ring 422 is an O-shaped structure.

[0058] Two sets of electrodes 421 are provided, and the electrodes 421 have a mesh, needle, rod or ring structure, etc., depending on the actual application. One set of electrodes 421 is connected to the high voltage transformer to provide positive voltage, and the other set of electrodes 421 is grounded to form a discharge circuit.

[0059] In this embodiment, a positive voltage of 0V is used to generate a positive corona discharge, forming a high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Depending on the application, a catalytic material, such as a MAX phase synergistic catalyst, may be added to the first discharge chamber 42.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1-4 The second discharge cavity 44 may be provided in one or more in series, depending on the actual application.

[0061] Depending on the actual application, different structures are adopted. The second discharge cavity 44 has a U-shaped structure or a straight-through structure to allow cycloprotic species to participate in the reaction.

[0062] The second electrode 441 is provided in two sets, and the second electrode 441 has a mesh, needle, rod or ring structure, etc., depending on the actual application; one set of the second electrode 441 is connected to the high voltage transformer to provide negative voltage, and the other set of the second electrode 441 is grounded to form a discharge circuit.

[0063] A sealing ring 442 is provided between the airflow channel 43 and the second discharge chamber 44, and between the second discharge chamber 44 and the sensing module section 45 to prevent the outflow of active species. The sealing ring 442 has an O-shaped structure.

[0064] In this embodiment, a negative voltage of 0V is applied to generate a negative corona discharge, producing reducing active species (RNS, O−, etc.); depending on the application, catalytic materials, such as MAX phase synergistic catalysts, may be added into the discharge chamber.

[0065] The design replaces the traditional bipolar-to-bipolar design with a bipolar-to-ground design, avoiding electric arcs, improving plasma stability, and enabling self-neutralization and bidirectional chemical transformation of gas components.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1-5 The sensing module 451 includes an O3 sensing module, a VOC sensing module, a pressure sensing module, and an airflow sensing module, etc. It is connected to the active reaction central control composed of MCU and PID to realize intelligent operation and safety protection. It is used to measure the physical and chemical parameters of the gas such as ozone concentration, VOC residue and pressure difference in the outlet gas. The sensing module 451 feeds back the sensing data to the MCU.

[0067] The sensing module segment 45 is provided with a U-shaped structure 452 to ensure that the sensor 451 measures the correct data.

[0068] The high-voltage power supply includes a high-voltage line 47 and a high-voltage power module 48. The high-voltage line 47 connects the high-voltage power module 48 to the discharge chamber (i.e., the first discharge chamber 42 and the second discharge chamber 44). The insulating sheath is made of high-voltage resistant silicone rubber to improve safety.

[0069] The high-voltage power module 48 includes an independent step-up transformer and rectifier circuit, which can output positive high voltage and negative high voltage DC potential respectively, and supply power in AC or DC.

[0070] The control module 49 includes an MCU motherboard and a communication module; the control module 49 is powered by low voltage (28V DC) or AC low voltage DC after transformer and rectifier, and is installed in isolation from the high voltage area.

[0071] In this invention, a non-thermal plasma formed by high-voltage discharge under normal pressure reacts with air (comprising 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen) to generate various chemically active gaseous species, mainly including:

[0072] ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species): such as O, OH, O3, HO2, etc.

[0073] RNS (Reactive Nitrogen Species): such as NO, NO2, ONOO - wait.

[0074] The above-mentioned active species can undergo redox reactions with the outer lipid membrane, proteins, and nucleic acids of microorganisms, producing:

[0075] Lipid peroxidation and membrane rupture;

[0076] Protein functional groups (–SH, –NH2, aromatic side chains) are inactivated by oxidation or nitration;

[0077] RNA and DNA strand breaks and base modification distortions;

[0078] The pathogen's outer membrane charge is neutralized, rendering it incapable of infection.

[0079] The combined effect can cause viruses and bacteria to become inactive or disintegrate within milliseconds.

[0080] However, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) have negative impacts on humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Therefore, dynamic, precise, and efficient environmental control of reactive reactions is necessary. Through a self-regulating reactive reaction control center, using a parameter-optimized environmental manager, the generation of ROS in the positive discharge phase and the generation of RNS and electrons in the negative discharge phase can be managed, thereby achieving:

[0081] A continuous reaction process of gas oxidation sterilization → reduction equilibrium → safe emission;

[0082] This operating principle combines high sterilization efficiency with low ozone output, enabling long-term stable use in enclosed environments such as aerospace, aviation, medical, and high-cleanliness facilities.

[0083] Its electrical configuration is as follows:

[0084] First discharge chamber 42 (oxidation section): A positive high voltage electrode (+) is applied, and the opposite electrode is grounded at 0V;

[0085] Second discharge chamber 44 (reduction section): Apply negative high voltage electrode (-), and the opposite electrode is also grounded at 0V.

[0086] The two stages are connected in series according to the airflow direction, so that the gas first undergoes an oxidation reaction and then a reduction reaction, so as to achieve the dual function of sterilization and chemical balance.

[0087] The electrodes (i.e., electrode 421 and electrode 441) adopt a needle-like and mesh-like corresponding structure to form a stable non-thermal equilibrium plasma field. The system limits the current to avoid arc discharge and ensure safety.

[0088] First discharge cavity 42:

[0089] During this stage, a strong electric field region is formed between the high-voltage electrode and the ground potential, while the ground electrode remains at 0V, resulting in positive corona discharge. Electrons are accelerated towards the high-voltage end, undergoing excitation and ionization reactions with air molecules to generate a large number of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

[0090] The main reaction formulas are as follows:

[0091]

[0092] The products include: atomic oxygen (O) / hydroxyl radical (OH) / singlet oxygen (O2) / ozone (O3) / hydrogen peroxide (H2O2);

[0093] These ROS have extremely high oxidation potentials, which can rapidly destroy the cell membranes, proteins, and nucleic acid structures of microorganisms, achieving real-time sterilization and removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A small amount of nitrogen oxide free radicals (NO, NO2) are also generated during this stage, but the proportion is significantly lower than that of ROS.

[0094] Second discharge cavity 44:

[0095] After passing through the oxidation section, the gas flow immediately enters the negative discharge region. During this stage, the high-voltage electrode potential is negative, while the grounding electrode remains at 0V, forming a stable negative corona discharge. Due to the release of high-density electrons from the cathode, oxygen and nitrogen molecules in the gas undergo electron attachment reactions, generating various reducing and nitrogen-reacting species (RNS / electrons). The main reactions include:

[0096]

[0097] During this stage, both electrons and anions possess ozone decomposition capabilities and free radical neutralization functions, as shown in the following reaction:

[0098]

[0099] therefore:

[0100] Excess ROS (O, OH) is rapidly converted into oxygen and water;

[0101] At the same time, a small amount of RNS (NO2) is formed. - NO3 - To stabilize the overall gaseous chemical environment.

[0102] To make the treated gas neutral (reduce gas reactivity)

[0103] The final gas composition meets aerospace standards and specifications.

[0104] Technical effects:

[0105] Selective generation and elimination of active species: The positive high-voltage electrode generates ROS for oxidation and inactivation; the negative high-voltage electrode generates RNS and electrons to eliminate residual ROS;

[0106] High safety: Both stages use 0V ground as the potential reference to prevent electric field overflow and breakdown;

[0107] Closed-loop control: Gas composition / activity is automatically controlled within aerospace standard limits.

[0108] Superior energy efficiency: Non-thermal plasma has a fast reaction rate, low energy consumption, and no consumables.

[0109] This invention employs a two-stage cold plasma system, which, in addition to generating ROS and RNS, can also effectively decompose and neutralize various pollutants, microorganisms, and organic / inorganic harmful gases in the airflow. The overall reaction, following the airflow direction, includes the following two-stage transformation process:

[0110] The working principle of the first discharge cavity 42 is as follows:

[0111] The first discharge chamber 42 generates a positive corona discharge, forming an oxidation electric field. Under this field, a high density of reactive oxygen species (ROS) forms in the discharge region, which can rapidly react with airborne pathogens, organic compounds, or gaseous pollutants. Its main transformation mechanism against pathogens (viruses, bacteria, fungal spores, etc.) is as follows:

[0112] Cell membrane damage: O and OH free radicals attack the lipid bilayer, triggering lipid peroxidation and causing membrane structure collapse;

[0113] Protein denaturation: ROS oxidizes amino acid side chains (S–H, C=O groups), alters receptor conformation, and inhibits biological activity;

[0114] Nucleic acid cleavage: O2 and OH disrupt the phosphodiester bonds of DNA / RNA, rendering the virus unable to replicate.

[0115] Reaction diagram:

[0116]

[0117] VOC (volatile organic compounds) oxidative decomposition:

[0118] O3 and OH are the main oxidizing agents;

[0119] Typical reaction pathway (taking formaldehyde as an example):

[0120]

[0121] Aromatic hydrocarbons (C6H6, C7H8) undergo a chain of free radical reactions to generate peroxides, which are eventually oxidized to CO2 and H2O.

[0122]

[0123] Partial conversion of inorganic harmful gases (such as NO, SO2, NH3, etc.):

[0124] NO → NO2, N2O, NO3 - ;

[0125] SO2→SO3→H2SO4 aerosol (which can be neutralized by the subsequent reduction stage).

[0126] The overall characteristics of this stage are:

[0127] Strong oxidation → bond breakage of pollutants → structural disintegration → intermediate products (NO2, CO, O3, etc.);

[0128] Further restoration is needed in the later stages.

[0129] The working principle of the second discharge cavity 44 is as follows:

[0130] The second discharge chamber 44 generates a negative corona discharge, forming a reduction discharge region. After the gas flow enters the reduction discharge region, the electron density is high and the average energy is low, mainly producing reducing active species and nitrogen reactive species (RNS / electrons), which can convert the intermediate products oxidized upstream into stable and harmless gases.

[0131] 1. Neutralization of residual ROS (taking O3 as an example)

[0132]

[0133] ROS concentration decreased significantly.

[0134] 2. Further conversion of intermediate oxides (to CO and NO) X (For example)

[0135]

[0136] Formation of low-energy nitrogen oxide anions (NO2) - NO3 - ), and then removed by coagulation or adsorption.

[0137] 3. Neutralization of sulfur oxides

[0138]

[0139] It is converted into sulfate ions, which can combine with environmental water and air to form trace amounts of salts that precipitate out.

[0140] After the above two-stage continuous discharge process (positive and negative), the output gas has the following characteristics:

[0141] Remove pathogens;

[0142] Decompose VOCs;

[0143] Reduce gas reactivity;

[0144] The main components are N2 (approximately 78%), O2 (approximately 21%), H2O (trace amount) and CO2 (trace amount);

[0145] The chemical properties of the gas return to neutral.

[0146] This invention also provides an environmental treatment method for spacecraft space, employing the system described above, and the method includes the following steps:

[0147] The system determines the start-up conditions based on the airflow conditions of the ECS; initialization is performed when airflow is detected in the duct (5);

[0148] Power-on initialization: After startup, the MCU performs a self-check of voltage, current, insulation, and airflow status;

[0149] The MCU controls the relay and independent boost circuit through the active reaction self-control center to gradually generate a positive voltage, which discharges in the first discharge chamber 42 to form a positive corona region. In this state, the air is ionized, producing the following main reactions. O, OH, O3, O2 and trace amounts of H2O2 in the discharge region together constitute reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS enter the airflow and react with pathogens and VOCs passing through it.

[0150] After the first discharge chamber 42 is started, the second discharge chamber 44 is started after a delay. After the gas flows through the first discharge chamber (42), it immediately enters the second discharge chamber 44. The MCU controls the relay and starts the independent boost circuit through the active reaction self-control center to gradually generate the negative electrode voltage and form a negative corona. The electric field with high electron density converts O3, NO2 and excess ROS in the gas into stable species. At the same time, a small amount of nitrogen reactive species (RNS) are generated, which together with ROS complete the active self-neutralization and by-product reduction.

[0151] The MCU uses a PID algorithm to adjust the two-stage output voltage in real time based on feedback from current, airflow, and gas composition.

[0152] Voltage control range for oxidation and reduction sections; gas composition after treatment meets aerospace standards;

[0153] Shutdown cycle: If the airflow is interrupted, the MCU shuts down the relay and reduces the voltage to 0V through the active reaction self-control center to ensure that there is no residual charge.

[0154] In this embodiment, the control method is as follows:

[0155] Sensor integration: Composed of O3, VOC, air pressure, airflow and other sensing modules I 2 The C bus feeds back to the MCU system.

[0156] Safety monitoring: When O3 is detected to be >0.08ppm, the system will immediately shut down.

[0157] Parameter self-optimization environment manager: The MCU connects the driver module and the relay to realize the dual-stage discharge control logic, including sequential delay start, dynamic control of active reaction, and uploading of running data;

[0158] Communication interface: Transmits operating status to the cockpit display system (such as EICAS / ECAM) via ARINC 429 or CAN Aerospace protocol; ARINC 429 interface: unidirectional data bus, transmitting module operating status, fault codes and gas composition information;

[0159] CAN Aerospace interface: bidirectional communication, can accept control commands or transmit real-time sensing data, supports module address encoding and multi-node communication.

[0160] The system can use either standard (ARINC429 or CANAerospace) and be configured according to the aircraft type or system architecture.

[0161] Active reaction self-control loop: MCU uses parameter self-optimization environment manager to sense data C o3 As the main control variable, perform two-stage dynamic voltage regulation:

[0162] Take O3 as an example:

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] in:- (Control the first discharge cavity 42) (Controlling the second discharge chamber 44), the system maintains the gas composition in accordance with aerospace standards. Other gases are detected using the same method and the discharge intensity of the first and second discharge chambers is self-regulated, thereby adjusting the production ratio of active species and the reaction.

[0166] Application scenario examples:

[0167] Civil aviation cabin: Install 1-2 modules between the mixing manifold and the passenger cabin air duct to handle the entire cabin.

[0168] Cockpit: A single module is installed in the dedicated air supply duct of the cockpit to ensure air quality in the cockpit area.

[0169] Medical transport aircraft or environmental control cabin: Multiple modules are used in parallel to form a high-cleanliness environment.

[0170] In summary, the working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0171] During use, the air supplied into the chamber via the ECS first undergoes an oxidation reaction in the first discharge chamber 42, and then enters the second discharge chamber 44 for reduction.

[0172] The reaction process results in air that simultaneously meets the three criteria of low pathogens, low ozone, and high cleanliness.

[0173] The circuit connection structure is as follows:

[0174] The high-voltage positive and negative terminals are each connected to the control relay via independent boost circuits;

[0175] The MCU independently adjusts the voltage output of the two circuits;

[0176] The sensing feedback line (O3 / VOC / current) inputs a low-voltage signal to the MCU for real-time calculation;

[0177] Protective isolation design: The high-voltage area and the control area are separated by shielding; the inner surface of the ventilation cavity is coated with a conductive coating to prevent static electricity accumulation.

[0178] The control box, located outside the conduit, is equipped with an insulating sheath and EMI shielding to ensure aviation electromagnetic compatibility.

[0179] The module units are integrated as follows:

[0180] Multiple structural modules can be combined according to the application scenario:

[0181] Single-module layout: suitable for handling small, enclosed spaces;

[0182] Dual-module series connection: Extends the discharge path to improve processing efficiency;

[0183] Multi-module parallel connection: suitable for high-flow environments such as central air conditioning and cabin circulation systems;

[0184] Each unit can be synchronized and have its data transmitted back via a bus by the central controller.

[0185] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental treatment system for spacecraft, which, without modifying the fuselage structure (1), directly replaces the duct (5) between the combination of the hybrid manifold and the existing ECS ​​system (3) and the air outlet (6) of the cabin / cockpit, characterized in that, The environmental processing system (4) includes, in sequence along the airflow direction, an air inlet (41), a first discharge chamber (42), an airflow channel (43), a second discharge chamber (44), a sensing module section (45), and an air outlet (46). An electrode (421) is provided in the first discharge cavity (42). The high voltage electrode in the first electrode (421) is connected to a positive high voltage power supply, and the ground electrode is connected to a zero potential reference, so as to form a positive corona discharge in the first discharge cavity (42) and generate oxidizing active species. The second discharge chamber (44) is provided with an electrode two (441). The high voltage electrode in the electrode two (441) is connected to a negative high voltage power supply, and the ground electrode is connected to a zero potential reference, so as to form a negative corona discharge in the second discharge chamber (44) and generate reducing active species. The sensing module segment (45) is provided with a sensing module (451) for detecting gas components. The environmental processing system (4) further includes a control module (49) and a high-voltage power supply. The control module (49) is electrically connected to the sensing module (451) and the high-voltage power supply, and is used to independently adjust the output of the high-voltage power supply according to the feedback signal of the sensing module (451).

2. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (41) has a built-in baffle.

3. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft space according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the first discharge cavity (42) and the second discharge cavity (44) is provided.

4. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first discharge cavity (42) is provided with a U-shaped structure (423) to allow active gas species to remain in the cavity and participate in the reaction.

5. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing ring (422) is provided between the first discharge cavity (42) and the U-shaped structure (423) to prevent the outflow of active species.

6. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both electrode one (421) and electrode two (441) are provided in two sets, and both electrode one (421) and electrode two (441) are mesh, needle, rod or ring structure.

7. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft space according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring 2 (442) is provided between the airflow channel (43) and the second discharge chamber (44) and between the second discharge chamber (44) and the sensing module segment (45) to prevent the outflow of active species.

8. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing module (451) includes an O3 sensing module, a VOC sensing module, a barometric pressure sensing module, and an airflow sensing module.

9. The environmental treatment system for spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing module segment (45) is provided with a U-shaped structure (452).

10. An environmental treatment method for spacecraft, characterized in that, The method employs an environmental processing system for spacecraft space as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: System initialization: After detecting the airflow signal, the microcontroller unit (MCU) performs a system self-test; Start the first discharge chamber (42): The MCU controls the high voltage power supply to apply a positive high voltage to the first discharge chamber (42) to generate oxidizing active species; Start the second discharge chamber (44): After the first discharge chamber (42) is started, the MCU controls the high voltage power supply to apply negative high voltage to the second discharge chamber (44) to generate reducing species; Closed-loop control: The MCU collects the gas composition data of the sensing module segment (45) in real time, and dynamically adjusts the discharge voltage of the first discharge chamber (42) and the second discharge chamber (44) accordingly, so that the output gas composition is stable within the preset range; Power off: When an airflow interruption is detected, the MCU controls the high-voltage power supply to shut down, reducing the output voltage to zero.

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