Photovoltaic panel layout optimization method, system and equipment for mountain photovoltaic

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power stations, in particular to a photovoltaic panel layout optimization method, system and equipment for mountain photovoltaic, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the actual position, actual direction angle and actual inclination angle of a constructed photovoltaic panel in a mountain site; the row spacing difference degree of the photovoltaic panels in the adjacent rows is determined; determining the construction error influence transmission strength of the photovoltaic panels in the current row; and according to the construction error influence transmission strength of each constructed row, determining the current construction overall error influence degree, determining a construction layout quality index based on the current construction overall error influence degree, and optimizing the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels by using the construction layout quality index to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the land resource utilization rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power plant technology, specifically to a method, system, and equipment for optimizing the layout of photovoltaic panels for mountainous photovoltaic applications. Background Technology

[0002] The photovoltaic (PV) power generation industry is experiencing rapid development, with its installed capacity showing a continuous upward trend. Hilly and mountainous areas, rich in solar resources and relatively easy to acquire land, are gradually becoming important alternatives for PV power plant construction. Mountainous PV projects can fully utilize undeveloped, idle mountain resources, not only alleviating the pressure of scarce flat land resources but also expanding the development space of the PV industry. However, the layout design of PV panels requires accurate mountain terrain data collection as a foundation, using the construction of a 3D model to determine the specific arrangement scheme. However, due to factors such as the accuracy of terrain measurement and model construction algorithms, the constructed 3D model often has local differences from the actual mountain terrain, which inevitably leads to construction errors when mountainous PV projects are constructed according to the design scheme. In some scenarios, the impact of construction errors on the overall photovoltaic (PV) layout varies significantly depending on the terrain (such as slope, aspect, and undulation). Furthermore, mountainous PV projects typically employ a top-down, layer-by-layer construction approach. Construction errors in the front rows of PV panels accumulate and are transmitted to subsequent rows, ultimately leading to a significant deviation between the final layout and the design. This deviation not only reduces the power generation efficiency of the PV panels but also results in underutilization of land resources, diminishing the economic and environmental benefits of mountainous PV projects. Therefore, this method of PV panel layout leads to low power generation efficiency and low land resource utilization. Summary of the Invention To address the technical problems of low power generation efficiency and low land resource utilization of photovoltaic panels, the present invention aims to provide a method, system, and equipment for optimizing the layout of photovoltaic panels for mountainous photovoltaic applications.

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solution adopted is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the layout of photovoltaic panels for mountainous photovoltaic projects, comprising: obtaining the actual position, actual orientation angle, and actual tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site; determining the row spacing difference of photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, design tilt angle, design position, and actual position of each row of photovoltaic panels; determining the transmission intensity of construction error impact of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows, the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels, the design position, and the actual position of each row of photovoltaic panels; determining the overall construction error impact degree based on the transmission intensity of construction error impact of each installed row, and determining the construction layout quality index based on the overall construction error impact degree; and optimizing the design layout of the remaining un-laid photovoltaic panels using the construction layout quality index to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

[0004] Optionally, the difference in row spacing between adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels is determined based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, design tilt angle, design position, and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row. This includes: determining the difference in row spacing between each photovoltaic panel in each row based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, and design tilt angle; determining the intra-row difference in row spacing between each row of photovoltaic panels based on the difference in row spacing and the Euclidean distance between the design position and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row; and determining the row spacing difference between the current row of photovoltaic panels and the adjacent row of photovoltaic panels based on the intra-row difference in row spacing, the actual average spacing between the current row and the adjacent row of photovoltaic panels, and the design average spacing.

[0005] Optionally, the degree of difference between each row of photovoltaic panels is determined based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, and design tilt angle of each photovoltaic panel in each row. This includes: determining the absolute value of the first difference between the actual orientation angle and the design orientation angle of each photovoltaic panel in each row, and the absolute value of the second difference between the actual tilt angle and the design tilt angle; and determining the degree of difference between each row of photovoltaic panels based on the absolute values ​​of the first and second differences.

[0006] Optionally, the row spacing difference between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows is determined based on the intra-row difference of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the design average spacing. This includes: determining the first average position of the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in the current row and the second average position of the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in the adjacent rows; determining the third average position of the design position of each photovoltaic panel in the current row and the fourth average position of the design position of each photovoltaic panel in the adjacent rows; determining the Euclidean distance between the first and second average positions as the actual average spacing, and determining the Euclidean distance between the third and fourth average positions as the design average spacing; calculating the absolute value of the third difference between the actual average spacing and the design average spacing; and determining the row spacing difference between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows based on the absolute value of the third difference and the intra-row difference of the photovoltaic panels in the current row.

[0007] Optionally, the intensity of the transmission of construction error influence of the photovoltaic panels in the current row is determined based on the difference in row spacing between the current row and its adjacent rows, the minimum difference in row spacing between all adjacent rows, and the designed and actual positions of each photovoltaic panel in each row. This includes: determining the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the difference in row spacing between the current row and its adjacent rows, and the minimum difference in row spacing between all adjacent rows; determining the construction error influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and its adjacent rows, and the designed average spacing; and determining the intensity of the transmission of construction error influence of the photovoltaic panels in the current row using the photovoltaic panels in the adjacent rows on both sides of the current row and the construction error influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panels in the current row.

[0008] Optionally, determining the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the difference in row spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows and the minimum difference in row spacing between the photovoltaic panels in all adjacent rows includes: determining the ratio between the difference in row spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows and the minimum difference in row spacing between the photovoltaic panels in all adjacent rows; and determining the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the ratio and the difference in row spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows.

[0009] Optionally, the degree of influence of the current overall construction error can be determined based on the transmission intensity of the construction error of each row that has been constructed, including: determining the product between the transmission intensity of the construction error of each row that has been constructed and the construction error influence coefficient; and determining the degree of influence of the current overall construction error based on each product.

[0010] Optionally, optimizing the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels using construction layout quality indicators to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme includes: when the construction layout quality indicators are less than a preset threshold, inputting the actual position, actual orientation angle, and actual tilt angle of the already installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site into the three-dimensional design model, replacing the design position, design orientation angle, and design tilt angle of the already installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site in the three-dimensional design model, and obtaining an updated model; using the updated model to optimize the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a photovoltaic panel layout optimization system for mountain photovoltaic applications, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring the actual position, actual orientation angle, and actual tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site; a determination module for determining the row spacing difference of photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, design tilt angle, design position, and actual position of each row of photovoltaic panels; the determination module is further configured to determine the transmission intensity of construction error impact of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows, the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels, and the design position and actual position of each row of photovoltaic panels; the determination module is further configured to determine the overall construction error impact degree based on the transmission intensity of construction error impact of each installed row; the determination module is further configured to determine the construction layout quality index based on the overall construction error impact degree; and an optimization module for optimizing the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels using the construction layout quality index to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

[0012] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory is used to store a computer program that can run on the processor; and the processor is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaics mentioned in the first aspect.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention first obtains the actual position, orientation angle, and tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels. By comparing the actual parameters with the design parameters, it can accurately pinpoint the deviation details of individual photovoltaic panels, avoiding misjudgments caused by differences between the terrain model and reality. Then, by combining the actual and design parameters of the photovoltaic panels, the spacing difference between rows is determined, clearly reflecting the layout deviation of adjacent rows. Furthermore, by introducing extreme values ​​of the spacing difference and positional deviations, the impact transmission intensity of single-row errors is calculated, solving the problem that traditional methods cannot measure the cumulative transmission of errors during top-down construction. Simultaneously, based on the impact transmission intensity of errors in each row, the overall error impact is determined, allowing for a direct assessment of the current construction error's spread range and severity. Secondly, a construction layout quality index is constructed with the error impact transmission intensity as the core. This index comprehensively reflects the impact of error transmission on the overall photovoltaic panel layout. Based on this, when optimizing the design layout of the remaining photovoltaic panels, the cascading effects of existing construction errors can be specifically avoided. Compared to a fixed design scheme, the new layout scheme is more in line with the actual construction situation, reducing subsequent construction deviations and improving the rationality and adaptability of the overall layout. Therefore, this invention, through precise error data and quantified transmission patterns, can help construction teams adjust their construction strategies in a timely manner, reducing the negative impact of errors in already constructed areas. The optimized remaining layout scheme can reduce photovoltaic panel shading, ensure efficient sunlight reception, and fully utilize land resources, avoiding land waste caused by errors. Ultimately, this improves both the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power plants and enhances the intensive use of land. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications, as provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the photovoltaic panel installation in the design area and actual construction area provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel layout optimization system for mountain photovoltaic applications, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a photovoltaic panel layout optimization method, system, and device for mountain photovoltaic applications proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0018] The main objective of this invention is to: obtain real-time location information of photovoltaic panels under construction, quantify the impact of construction errors, construct construction layout quality indicators, and dynamically adjust the spacing between photovoltaic panels to optimize the overall layout, improve land utilization and power generation efficiency, and reduce shading risks, land waste, and rework costs caused by construction errors.

[0019] The scenario addressed in this invention is as follows: Due to the highly complex nature of mountainous terrain, construction errors are inevitable during the construction of mountain photovoltaic projects according to the design plan. The impact of construction errors on the overall layout of photovoltaic panels varies depending on the terrain conditions at different locations. Furthermore, in the "top-down, layer-by-layer" construction mode of mountainous photovoltaic projects, construction errors in the front row of photovoltaic panels will propagate to the subsequent rear rows, resulting in a significant deviation between the actual layout of the photovoltaic panels after construction and the design, thus adversely affecting the power generation efficiency and land utilization rate of the photovoltaic panels.

[0020] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details a specific scheme for a photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountainous photovoltaic applications provided by this invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please see Figure 1 The document illustrates a flowchart of a photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: Step S101: Obtain the actual location, actual orientation angle, and actual tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site.

[0022] Specifically, this invention uses a Global Positioning System (GPS) or real-time dynamic positioning technology to measure the actual location of the photovoltaic (PV) panels already installed on-site. Due to the influence of mountainous terrain, multiple suitable areas for PV panel layout are typically defined when designing the layout. Construction of the PV panels in each area usually proceeds from the highest point of the site, layer by layer from top to bottom. Therefore, this invention uses the PV panels in a specific area as an example for layout optimization, with the optimization method for other areas being the same. Assuming a total of K rows of PV panels have been completed from top to bottom, and the k-th row contains I individual PV panels, this invention first uses real-time dynamic positioning technology to measure the actual location of the installed PV panels on-site, obtaining their precise coordinates. Simultaneously, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) or tilt sensor is used to record the actual orientation angle and tilt angle of the PV panels. Then, the measured actual position, orientation angle, and tilt angle are preprocessed, including coordinate system normalization, unit conversion, and data cleaning to remove outliers caused by signal interference or measurement errors. The preprocessed data is then stored in a database and correlated with the photovoltaic panel layout data (3D model photovoltaic panel design layout data) from the design phase, providing a basis for subsequent error quantification. Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the center coordinates of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row of the 3D model and the actual construction site in the same area are denoted as the design position. and actual location Design direction angle and actual direction angle Design tilt angle and actual tilt angle .

[0023] Step S102: Determine the row spacing difference of photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle and design tilt angle, design position and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row.

[0024] Specifically, errors are inevitable during the construction of mountain photovoltaic (PV) systems. These errors, such as installation deviations and terrain factors, lead to discrepancies between the actual position, orientation, and tilt angle of the PV panels and the design parameters. This affects the power generation efficiency of the PV panels (e.g., increasing shading risk) and land utilization. Furthermore, due to the high complexity of mountainous terrain, the terrain model constructed during the design phase may deviate from the actual terrain. This results in varying degrees of impact from construction errors at different locations on the overall PV panel layout. Larger construction errors indicate a higher likelihood of interference from mountainous terrain conditions or geotechnical parameters during construction in that area. Simultaneously, in the "top-down, layer-by-layer" construction mode of mountain PV projects, construction errors in the front row of PV panels will propagate to subsequent rows. A more pronounced increasing trend in errors between adjacent rows indicates a greater impact of the front row's construction errors on the rear rows. By calculating the difference between the design and actual construction and analyzing the impact of construction errors, a construction layout quality index can be constructed to optimize the PV panel layout.

[0025] Furthermore, mountain photovoltaic construction is a complex project, employing a "top-down, layer-by-layer" construction method. In complex mountainous environments, difficulties in machinery operation, human visual judgment biases, and unstable geological conditions can lead to deviations in the actual position, orientation, and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels from design values. These deviations accumulate as construction progresses layer by layer. For example, ... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the photovoltaic panel construction in the design and actual construction areas provided in this embodiment of the invention. The design and actual construction areas are the same region, and each row of photovoltaic panels within the region consists of multiple individual photovoltaic panels. Photovoltaic panel A1 in the design area corresponds to photovoltaic panel a1 in the constructed area. Due to factors such as the actual terrain of the construction site, the positions of the photovoltaic panels in the actual construction deviate from the design positions (e.g., a1 is shifted entirely compared to the designed A1, the a-th row of photovoltaic panels in the construction area is shifted entirely compared to the A-th row of photovoltaic panels in the design area, and the spacing between the A-th and B-th rows of photovoltaic panels in the design area differs from the spacing between the a-th and b-th rows of photovoltaic panels in the actual construction area). Therefore, by acquiring data from the actual construction process and comparing it with the design data, the deviation between the design parameters and the actual construction parameters of each photovoltaic panel and the entire array is quantified, and the degree of difference between the design and the actual construction is calculated.

[0026] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the row spacing difference of photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, design tilt angle, design position, and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row includes: determining the difference of each photovoltaic panel in each row based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, and design tilt angle of each photovoltaic panel in each row; determining the intra-row difference of photovoltaic panels in each row based on the difference of photovoltaic panels in each row and the Euclidean distance between the design position and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row; and determining the row spacing difference between photovoltaic panels in the current row and adjacent rows based on the intra-row difference of photovoltaic panels in the current row, the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows, and the design average spacing.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy by receiving solar radiation. The designed orientation angle and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels are obtained through simulation to achieve the optimal angle, maximizing the total amount of solar radiation received throughout the year. Therefore, compared with the optimal tilt angle, any error in the angle caused by construction, whether too large or too small, will lead to a reduction in the total amount of solar radiation received throughout the year. Furthermore, front-row modules may cast shadows on rear-row modules at certain times of the day, resulting not only in power loss but also in dangerous hot spot effects, which can severely damage the photovoltaic panels. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the invention, determining the degree of difference between each row of photovoltaic panels based on the actual orientation angle, designed orientation angle, actual tilt angle, and designed tilt angle includes: determining the absolute value of a first difference between the actual orientation angle and the designed orientation angle of each row of photovoltaic panels, and the absolute value of a second difference between the actual tilt angle and the designed tilt angle; and determining the degree of difference between each row of photovoltaic panels based on the absolute values ​​of the first and second differences.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the following formula is used to calculate the degree of difference between individual photovoltaic panels in each row: In the above formula, This represents the difference degree of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row. This represents the actual orientation angle of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row. This represents the design orientation angle of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row. This represents the actual tilt angle of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row. Let represent the design tilt angle of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row. `norm` represents the normalization function. Here, the combined angle deviation of a single photovoltaic panel is quantified by the orientation angle error and tilt angle error, reflecting the degree of deviation of the photovoltaic panel from its design state. The larger the value, the greater the variation of individual photovoltaic panels, indicating a higher degree of deviation from the design specifications.

[0029] Furthermore, the intra-row variation reflects the degree of construction consistency among individual photovoltaic panels within the same row, reflecting the overall construction accuracy of the row. A larger intra-row variation indicates poorer construction consistency, potentially suggesting systemic construction problems or local terrain influences. In this embodiment of the invention, the intra-row variation is denoted as... The calculation formula is as follows: In the above formula, This represents the intra-row difference of the photovoltaic panels in the k-th row. This represents the difference degree of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row. This represents the Euclidean distance between the designed position and the actual position of the i-th photovoltaic panel in the k-th row. This indicates the number of photovoltaic panels in the row. Among them, This reflects the overall construction precision of the row. The larger the value, the worse the consistency of construction in that row, which may indicate systemic construction problems or local terrain influences.

[0030] Furthermore, to ensure the power generation efficiency of the power plant throughout the year and avoid the front-row modules shading the rear-row modules, which would lead to a significant decrease in power generation and increase the probability of hot spot effects, while maximizing land utilization on limited land, it is necessary to calculate and design the optimal row spacing. Differences between the photovoltaic panels and the designed row spacing caused by construction factors, whether too large or too small, will affect power generation efficiency. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the row spacing difference between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows is determined based on the intra-row difference of the photovoltaic panels, the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows, and the designed average spacing. This includes: determining the first average position of the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in the current row, and the second average position of the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in the adjacent rows; determining the third average position of the designed position of each photovoltaic panel in the current row, and the fourth average position of the designed position of each photovoltaic panel in the adjacent rows; determining the Euclidean distance between the first average position and the second average position as the actual average spacing, and determining the Euclidean distance between the third average position and the fourth average position as the designed average spacing; and calculating the absolute value of the third difference between the actual average spacing and the designed average spacing. Based on the absolute value of the third difference and the intra-row difference of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, the row spacing difference between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows is determined.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the row spacing difference is denoted as... The row spacing difference is calculated using the following formula. : In the above formula, This indicates the difference in row spacing between the k-th row and the (k+1)-th row. This represents the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the k-th row and the (k+1)-th row. This represents the Euclidean distance between the k-th row and the (k+1)-th row of photovoltaic panels. This represents the first average position of the actual position of the photovoltaic panels in the k-th row. The second average position represents the actual position of the photovoltaic panel in the (k+1)th row. This represents the design average spacing between the k-th row and the (k+1)-th row of photovoltaic panels, calculated using the same method. . This represents the degree of variation within the k-th row of photovoltaic panels. Poor construction precision within the row amplifies the impact of row spacing errors, which in turn affect shading risk and land utilization. The larger the value, the greater the construction error in that area.

[0032] Step S103: Based on the difference in row spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and its adjacent rows, the minimum difference in row spacing between photovoltaic panels in all adjacent rows, the design position and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row, determine the transmission strength of the construction error impact of the photovoltaic panels in the current row.

[0033] Specifically, during the construction of mountain photovoltaic projects, construction errors can cause the actual position, orientation angle, or tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels to deviate from the design parameters. This may result in the front-row photovoltaic panels shading the rear-row panels at certain times, thus adversely affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Furthermore, the high complexity of mountainous terrain means that the terrain model constructed during the design phase may deviate from the actual terrain. This leads to varying degrees of impact from construction errors at different locations on the overall layout of the photovoltaic panels. Larger construction error values ​​indicate a higher likelihood of interference from mountainous terrain conditions or geotechnical parameters during construction in that area. Simultaneously, in the "top-down, layer-by-layer" construction mode of mountain photovoltaic projects, construction errors in the front-row photovoltaic panels will be transmitted to the subsequently constructed rear-row areas. The more pronounced the increasing trend of errors, the greater the impact of the front-row construction errors on the rear rows. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the transmission intensity of the construction error influence of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows, the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels, and the designed and actual positions of each photovoltaic panel in each row includes: determining the degree of influence of different position errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows, and the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels; determining the construction error influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the degree of influence of different position errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, the actual average spacing and the designed average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and its adjacent rows; and determining the transmission intensity of the construction error influence of the photovoltaic panels in the current row using the photovoltaic panels in the adjacent rows on both sides of the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the construction error influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panels in the current row.

[0034] Specifically, due to the complexity of mountainous terrain, the design model may differ from the actual terrain. This can lead to deviations from the design spacing requirements during the on-site installation of photovoltaic panels due to differences in terrain, soil parameters, etc. The greater the difference between rows, the greater the likelihood that the construction process will be affected by terrain or soil parameter factors. The greater the difference between the terrain or soil parameters of the local area and the design model, the greater the impact of positional errors. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the degree of influence of different positional errors on the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows and the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows includes: determining the ratio between the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows and the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows; and determining the degree of influence of different positional errors on the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the ratio and the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the following formula is used to calculate the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row: In the above formula, This indicates the degree of influence of different positional errors of the k-th row of photovoltaic panels. This indicates the difference in row spacing between the k-th row and the (k+1)-th row. This represents the minimum difference in row spacing between all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels. This represents the normalization function. Where, The larger the value, the more significant the impact of the error in that row on the overall layout, and the higher the complexity of its mountainous terrain.

[0036] Furthermore, in mountainous areas where land resources are scarce, every square meter of land must be used efficiently. Therefore, the spacing between rows of photovoltaic panels is precisely designed and calculated to obtain the minimum spacing, ensuring that the front row does not shade the rear row. Thus, the difference between construction and design, i.e., construction errors, will affect the risk of shading and land utilization. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention uses the following formula to calculate the construction error impact coefficient of the current row of photovoltaic panels: In the formula, This represents the construction error influence coefficient of the k-th row of photovoltaic panels. This indicates the degree of influence of different positional errors on the k-th row of photovoltaic panels. This represents the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the k-th row and the (k+1)-th row. This represents the average design spacing between the k-th row and the (k+1)-th row of photovoltaic panels. In this embodiment of the invention, a construction error influence coefficient is calculated by integrating the effects of different positional errors and row spacing errors. The larger the value, the more serious the impact of the construction error of that row on the risk of shading and land utilization, and the more likely it is to lead to a decrease in power generation efficiency or land waste.

[0037] Furthermore, there are significant differences between mountain photovoltaic (PV) construction and flatland construction. The coordinate parameters and installation angles of the front-row PV modules serve as the benchmark for the construction of the rear-row modules. Specifically, if the front-row modules shift, the rear-row modules may be forced to operate in unintended terrain areas to maintain the spacing standards required by the design specifications, leading to new construction errors. Moreover, the design model for PV construction is essentially a simplified representation of real terrain. When the rear-row modules are forced to adjust their installation position or orientation due to micro-topographical features such as small protrusions and gullies not fully reflected in the design model, the construction errors generated in the front-row modules may be transmitted to the rear during the "top-down, layer-by-layer" construction process. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively analyze the trend and intensity of error transmission. The more pronounced the increasing trend of errors, the greater the impact of the front-row construction errors on the rear-row modules. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention uses the following formula to calculate the transmission intensity of the construction error impact of the front-row PV panels: In the above formula, This indicates that the construction error of the k-th row of photovoltaic panels affects the transmission strength. , , These represent the construction error influence coefficients for the (k+1)th, kth, and (k-1)th rows of photovoltaic panels, respectively. The value indicates the transmission intensity of the impact of construction errors. When the value is greater than 1, it indicates that the impact of errors is increasing, that is, the back row is more affected by the errors of the front row. The larger the value, the stronger the error transmission trend, indicating that the construction errors accumulate between rows, which may lead to the overall layout deviating from the design expectations.

[0038] Step S104: Determine the overall error impact level of the current construction based on the transmission intensity of the construction error impact of each row that has been constructed, and determine the construction layout quality index based on the transmission intensity of the construction error impact. Optimize the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels using the construction layout quality index to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

[0039] Specifically, to assess the overall deviation of the K rows of photovoltaic panels already installed, it is necessary to combine the degree of influence of the positional errors of each row to quantify the comprehensive effect of the overall error on the power plant's power generation efficiency (such as shading risk) and land utilization. The row spacing error is directly related to shading risk and land utilization: if the row spacing is too small, it will increase the shading risk of the front row to the rear row, reducing power generation efficiency; if the row spacing is too large, it will waste land resources and reduce land utilization. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the current overall construction error influence degree based on the transmission intensity of the construction error influence of each installed row includes: determining the product between the transmission intensity of the construction error influence of each installed row and the construction error influence coefficient; and determining the current overall construction error influence degree based on the product.

[0040] Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention use the following formula to calculate the degree of influence of the current overall construction error: In the above formula, A represents the degree of influence of the current overall construction error of the K rows of photovoltaic panels that have been installed. This indicates that the construction error of the k-th row of photovoltaic panels affects the transmission strength. This represents the construction error impact coefficient of the k-th row of photovoltaic panels. K represents the total number of rows that have been installed. This represents the normalization function. It calculates the overall error impact of the entire constructed area by averaging the errors of each row. The larger the value, the greater the overall error impact of the current construction, and the more likely it is to affect power generation efficiency and land utilization.

[0041] Furthermore, a comprehensive error impact index is constructed based on the overall impact of current construction errors. This index reflects the impact of construction errors on the shading risk and land utilization rate of the mountain photovoltaic layout, providing a basis for subsequent optimal spacing adjustments. Specifically, this embodiment of the invention uses the following formula to calculate the construction layout quality index: In the above formula, This represents the construction layout quality index. A represents the degree of impact of the current overall construction error on the K rows of photovoltaic panels that have already been installed. The smaller the degree of impact of the overall error on the installed photovoltaic panels, the higher the construction layout quality index, indicating that the overall error in the current construction area has a smaller negative impact on power generation efficiency and land utilization, and the better the layout quality.

[0042] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, optimizing the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels using the construction layout quality index to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme includes: when the construction layout quality index is less than a preset threshold, inputting the actual position, actual orientation angle, and actual tilt angle of the already installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site into the three-dimensional design model, replacing the design position, design orientation angle, and design tilt angle of the already installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site in the three-dimensional design model, to obtain an updated model; and using the updated model to optimize the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the preset threshold can be 0.3. Based on the construction layout quality index E obtained in the above embodiment, a preset threshold T is set. This indicates that the current construction errors have had a significant negative impact on the layout, and it is necessary to recalculate the optimal layout for the remaining un-installed photovoltaic panels to improve land utilization without shading. The specific process is as follows: First, based on the construction layout quality index E obtained from the above embodiments, a threshold is set. .when If so, a layout recalculation process will be performed.

[0044] Then, the actual data of the K rows of photovoltaic panels that have been installed (including center position coordinates, orientation angle, and tilt angle) are input into the three-dimensional design model to replace the original design data, making the model closer to the actual terrain and construction status.

[0045] Secondly, based on the updated design model, the optimal spacing between the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels is recalculated according to the specifications to generate a new layout scheme.

[0046] Finally, the new layout plan is converted into construction drawings or digital instructions to guide subsequent photovoltaic panel installation. Simultaneously, the updated photovoltaic panel layout construction process is monitored in real time, and the above steps are repeated to optimize the photovoltaic panel layout for mountainous solar power.

[0047] This invention first obtains the actual position, orientation angle, and tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels. By comparing the actual parameters with the design parameters, the deviation details of individual photovoltaic panels can be accurately located, avoiding misjudgments caused by differences between the terrain model and reality. Then, the spacing difference between rows is determined by combining the actual parameters of the photovoltaic panels with the design parameters, clearly reflecting the layout deviation of adjacent rows. Furthermore, extreme values ​​of the spacing difference and positional deviations are introduced to calculate the transmission intensity of single-row error impact, solving the problem that traditional methods cannot measure the cumulative transmission of errors during top-down construction. Simultaneously, the overall error impact is determined based on the transmission intensity of error impact in each row, allowing for a direct assessment of the current construction error's spread range and severity. Secondly, a construction layout quality index is constructed with the error impact transmission intensity as the core. This index comprehensively reflects the impact of error transmission on the overall photovoltaic panel layout. Based on this, when optimizing the design layout of the remaining photovoltaic panels, the cascading effects of existing construction errors can be specifically avoided. Compared to a fixed design scheme, the new layout scheme is more in line with the actual construction status, reducing subsequent construction deviations and improving the rationality and adaptability of the overall layout. Therefore, this invention, through precise error data and quantified transmission patterns, can help construction teams adjust their construction strategies in a timely manner, reducing the negative impact of errors in already constructed areas. The optimized remaining layout scheme can reduce photovoltaic panel shading, ensure sunlight reception efficiency, and fully utilize land resources, avoiding land waste caused by errors. Ultimately, this improves both the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power plants and enhances the intensive use of land.

[0048] Example 2: Corresponding to the photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountainous photovoltaic systems provided in the above embodiments, based on the same technical concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a photovoltaic panel layout optimization system for mountainous photovoltaic systems. This photovoltaic panel layout optimization system for mountainous photovoltaic systems is used to execute the above-described photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountainous photovoltaic systems. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel layout optimization system for mountain photovoltaic applications, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown. A photovoltaic panel layout optimization system 300 for mountainous photovoltaic systems includes: an acquisition module 301, used to acquire the actual position, actual orientation angle, and actual tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site; a determination module 302, used to determine the row spacing difference of photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, design tilt angle, design position, and actual position of each row of photovoltaic panels; the determination module 302 is also used to determine the transmission intensity of construction error impact of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows, the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels, and the design position and actual position of each row of photovoltaic panels; the determination module 302 is also used to determine the overall construction error impact degree based on the transmission intensity of construction error impact of each installed row; the determination module 302 is also used to determine construction layout quality indicators based on the overall construction error impact degree; and an optimization module 303, used to optimize the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels using the construction layout quality indicators to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

[0049] This invention first obtains the actual position, orientation angle, and tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels. By comparing the actual parameters with the design parameters, the deviation details of individual photovoltaic panels can be accurately located, avoiding misjudgments caused by differences between the terrain model and reality. Then, the spacing difference between rows is determined by combining the actual parameters of the photovoltaic panels with the design parameters, clearly reflecting the layout deviation of adjacent rows. Furthermore, extreme values ​​of the spacing difference and positional deviations are introduced to calculate the transmission intensity of single-row error impact, solving the problem that traditional methods cannot measure the cumulative transmission of errors during top-down construction. Simultaneously, the overall error impact is determined based on the transmission intensity of error impact in each row, allowing for a direct assessment of the current construction error's spread range and severity. Secondly, a construction layout quality index is constructed with the error impact transmission intensity as the core. This index comprehensively reflects the impact of error transmission on the overall photovoltaic panel layout. Based on this, when optimizing the design layout of the remaining photovoltaic panels, the cascading effects of existing construction errors can be specifically avoided. Compared to a fixed design scheme, the new layout scheme is more in line with the actual construction status, reducing subsequent construction deviations and improving the rationality and adaptability of the overall layout. Therefore, this invention, through precise error data and quantified transmission patterns, can help construction teams adjust their construction strategies in a timely manner, reducing the negative impact of errors in already constructed areas. The optimized remaining layout scheme can reduce photovoltaic panel shading, ensure sunlight reception efficiency, and fully utilize land resources, avoiding land waste caused by errors. Ultimately, this improves both the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power plants and enhances the intensive use of land.

[0050] Example 3: Corresponding to the photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountainous photovoltaic systems provided in the above embodiments, based on the same technical concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides an electronic device for executing the above-described photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountainous photovoltaic systems. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown. Electronic devices can vary considerably due to differences in configuration or performance, and may include one or more processors 401 and memories 402. The memory 402 stores computer programs that can run on the processor 401. The processor 401 executes the programs stored in the memory 402 to achieve... Figure 1 The various steps in the method embodiment are described. The memory 402 can be temporary or persistent storage. The application stored in the memory 402 may include one or more modules (not shown), each module may include a series of computer-executable instructions for the electronic device.

[0051] Furthermore, the processor 401 may be configured to communicate with the memory 402 and execute a series of computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 402 on the electronic device. The electronic device may also include one or more power supplies 403, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 404, one or more input / output interfaces 405, and one or more keyboards 406.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the electronic device includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus; wherein, the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the bus; the memory is used to store computer programs; and the processor is used to execute the programs stored in the memory to implement... Figure 1 The various steps in the method embodiments are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and have the same beneficial effects. To avoid repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not be described again here.

[0053] It should be noted that the electronic device provided in this embodiment of the invention and the photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaics provided in this embodiment of the invention are based on the same application concept. Therefore, the specific implementation of this embodiment can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaics, and has the same or similar beneficial effects. Repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0054] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0056] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores one or more programs, which, when executed by an electronic device including multiple applications, cause the electronic device to perform... Figure 1 The methods disclosed in the embodiments shown achieve the functions and beneficial effects of the methods in the preceding method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0057] Computer-readable storage media include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of photovoltaic panels for mountainous photovoltaic applications, characterized in that, include: Obtain the actual location, orientation angle, and tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site; The difference in row spacing between photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows is determined based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle and design tilt angle, design position and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row. Based on the difference in row spacing between the current row and its adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels, the minimum difference in row spacing between photovoltaic panels in all adjacent rows, the design position and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row, the influence of construction error on the transmission strength of the photovoltaic panels in the current row is determined. Based on the transmission intensity of construction error impact of each row that has been constructed, the overall impact degree of the current construction error is determined, and the construction layout quality index is determined based on the overall impact degree of the current construction error. The design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels is optimized using the construction layout quality index to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

2. The photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the row spacing difference of photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, design tilt angle, design position, and actual position of each row of photovoltaic panels includes: The degree of difference between the photovoltaic panels in each row is determined based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, and design tilt angle of each photovoltaic panel in each row. The intra-row variability of photovoltaic panels in each row is determined based on the variability of each photovoltaic panel in each row and the Euclidean distance between the designed position and the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row. The row spacing difference between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent row is determined based on the row-to-row difference of the photovoltaic panels, the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent row, and the design average spacing.

3. The photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the degree of difference among the photovoltaic panels in each row based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle, and design tilt angle of each photovoltaic panel in each row includes: Determine the absolute value of the first difference between the actual orientation angle and the design orientation angle of each photovoltaic panel in each row, and the absolute value of the second difference between the actual tilt angle and the design tilt angle; The degree of difference between each row of photovoltaic panels is determined based on the absolute values ​​of the first and second differences.

4. The photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the row spacing difference between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent row, based on the intra-row difference of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, the actual average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent row, and the designed average spacing, includes: Determine the first average position of the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in the current row and the second average position of the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in the adjacent rows; Determine the third average position of the design positions of each photovoltaic panel in the current row and the fourth average position of the design positions of each photovoltaic panel in the adjacent rows; The Euclidean distance between the first average position and the second average position is determined as the actual average spacing, and the Euclidean distance between the third average position and the fourth average position is determined as the designed average spacing; Calculate the absolute value of the third difference between the actual average spacing and the design average spacing; Based on the absolute value of the third difference and the intra-row difference of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, the row spacing difference between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and the adjacent rows is determined.

5. The photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the transmission intensity of construction error of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows, the minimum row spacing difference of all adjacent rows, and the design and actual positions of each photovoltaic panel in each row, includes: The degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row is determined based on the difference in row spacing between the current row and its adjacent rows and the minimum difference in row spacing between all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels. Based on the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row, the actual average spacing and the design average spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and its adjacent rows, the construction error influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panels in the current row is determined. The transmission intensity of construction error influence of the photovoltaic panels in the current row is determined by using the photovoltaic panels in the adjacent rows on both sides of the current row and the construction error influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panels in the current row.

6. The photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows and the minimum value of the row spacing difference of all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels includes: Determine the ratio between the row spacing difference of the photovoltaic panels in the current row and its adjacent rows and the minimum row spacing difference of the photovoltaic panels in all adjacent rows; Based on the ratio and the difference in row spacing between the photovoltaic panels in the current row and its adjacent rows, the degree of influence of different positional errors of the photovoltaic panels in the current row is determined.

7. The photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the overall impact of current construction errors based on the transmission intensity of construction errors in each row that has already been constructed includes: Determine the product between the strength of the construction error impact and the construction error impact coefficient for each row that has been constructed; The degree of influence of the current overall construction error is determined based on the products mentioned above.

8. The photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization of the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels using the construction layout quality indicators to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme includes: If the construction layout quality index is less than the preset threshold, the actual position, actual orientation angle and actual tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site are input into the three-dimensional design model to replace the design position, design orientation angle and design tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site in the three-dimensional design model, and an updated model is obtained. The updated model was used to optimize the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels, resulting in a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

9. A photovoltaic panel layout optimization system for mountain photovoltaic applications, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the actual position, actual orientation angle, and actual tilt angle of the installed photovoltaic panels in the mountainous site; The determination module is used to determine the difference in row spacing between photovoltaic panels in adjacent rows based on the actual orientation angle, design orientation angle, actual tilt angle and design tilt angle, design position and actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row. The determining module is further configured to determine the transmission strength of the construction error impact of the photovoltaic panels in the current row based on the row spacing difference between the current row and its adjacent rows and the minimum row spacing difference of all adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels, the design position and the actual position of each photovoltaic panel in each row; The determining module is also used to determine the overall degree of influence of the current construction error based on the transmission intensity of the construction error influence of each row that has been constructed; The determining module is also used to determine the construction layout quality index based on the degree of influence of the current overall construction error; The optimization module is used to optimize the design layout of the remaining unlaid photovoltaic panels using the construction layout quality indicators, so as to obtain a new photovoltaic panel layout scheme.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Processor and memory; wherein the memory is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor; A processor is used to execute a program stored in memory to implement the steps of the photovoltaic panel layout optimization method for mountain photovoltaic as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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