Quasi-constant temperature box device for battery pack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile battery packs, and discloses a battery pack quasi-constant temperature box device, a box body provides a heat insulation space for the battery pack in the box body, and the box body comprises a metal chassis box and a metal upper cover fixed on the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box; a circulating pipeline assembly of the cooling module extends into the metal chassis box to dissipate heat of the battery pack; an air guide reinforcing assembly is fixed to the middle of the interior of the metal chassis box, a locking pressure relief assembly is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the metal upper cover, the locking pressure relief assembly and the air guide reinforcing assembly are fixed in a buckled mode after being connected in an inserted mode, and the locking pressure relief assembly further plays a role in pressure relief of the box body. According to the invention, structural integration and function cooperation of'box locking 'and'pressure relief' are realized through the locking pressure relief assembly and the air guide reinforcing assembly, so that independent technical problems of mounting, dismounting and pressure relief are solved respectively, and closed-loop optimization of'locking-sealing-pressure relief-air flow guide 'is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle battery pack technology, specifically to a quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] People in vast temperate and frigid regions often find that the effective driving range of new energy vehicles decreases and charging time increases during winter. This is because the charging and discharging efficiency of car batteries decreases under prolonged low temperatures. Although battery packs are usually installed in insulated enclosures, it is still impossible to actively ensure that the battery pack is within a suitable operating temperature range. Furthermore, common insulated enclosures (especially metal enclosures) generally use multi-bolt fixing or simple snap-fit ​​splicing designs, resulting in low disassembly and assembly efficiency and failing to meet the needs of rapid maintenance. After assembly, high-pressure gas inside the enclosure is difficult to quickly accumulate and dissipate, easily leading to pressure buildup. Especially in abnormal scenarios such as battery pack overheating and gas generation, the inability to release pressure in time may cause enclosure deformation or safety hazards. Therefore, an independent external pressure relief valve or passive pressure relief channel design is required. To address this, we have introduced a quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs includes a cooling module and a chamber body. The chamber body provides a heat-insulating space for the battery pack inside. The chamber body includes a metal chassis box and a metal cover fixed to the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box. The cooling module's circulation pipe assembly extends into the metal chassis box to dissipate heat from the battery pack; The metal chassis box is equipped with a heating module and a temperature control monitoring module; The heating module provides intermittent heating for the battery pack, and the temperature control monitoring module is used to detect the temperature and provide signal commands for the heating module to heat up or the cooling module to dissipate heat. An air-guiding reinforcement component is fixed in the center of the interior of the metal chassis box, and a locking and pressure-relief component is fixed in the middle of the lower end of the metal top cover. The locking and pressure-relief component is inserted into the air-guiding reinforcement component and then snapped in place. The locking and pressure-relief component also serves to relieve pressure on the box.

[0005] Preferably, the inner walls of both the metal chassis box and the metal top cover are provided with flame-retardant and heat-insulating boards, the metal top cover is clipped onto the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box, and a heat-insulating sealing strip is provided between the contact edges of the metal chassis box and the metal top cover.

[0006] Preferably, the cooling module includes an upper cooling plate and a lower cooling plate respectively disposed above and below the battery pack, and a coolant tank located outside the housing. The top of the coolant tank is equipped with a cooling pump and multiple sets of metal heat sinks. The outlet of the cooling pump is connected to two sets of solenoid valves via a three-way pipe. The circulating pipeline assembly includes a cooling high-pressure side main pipe connected to the solenoid valve, an upper cooling coil connected to the end of the cooling high-pressure side main pipe, a lower cooling coil connected to the end of the upper cooling coil by a vertical pipe, and a cooling low-pressure side main pipe connected between the end of the lower cooling coil and the coolant tank. The cooling high-pressure side header is built inside the corresponding upper cooling plate, and the cooling low-pressure side header is built inside the corresponding lower cooling plate.

[0007] Preferably, the heating module includes a heating battery disposed in a metal chassis box, a heating controller disposed on the side of the heating battery, and a heating resistance wire electrically connected to the heating battery, wherein the heating resistance wire is evenly wound around the battery pack. The temperature control monitoring module includes a temperature controller and several sets of temperature probes electrically connected to the temperature controller. The several sets of temperature probes are evenly distributed in the metal chassis box. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the heating controller, cooling pump and solenoid valve.

[0008] Preferably, the air guiding enhancement component includes an air guiding channel, a mounting plate at the bottom of the air guiding channel, and a fan fixed at one end of the air guiding channel; The mounting plate is fixed to the inside of the metal chassis box by the first screw in the center. The air duct has an outlet groove on its side, which is directly opposite the space between adjacent battery packs.

[0009] Preferably, the upper middle part of the air guide groove is provided with a plug hole; The locking and pressure relief assembly includes a plug-in cylinder fixed to the middle of the lower end of the metal cover, a rotating buckle connected at equal intervals at the bottom of the plug-in cylinder, a screw drive component set in the middle of the plug-in cylinder, and a pressure relief valve assembly integrated on the screw drive component. The bottom of the screw drive component slides into the upper end of the rotating buckle component. After the screw drive component and the plug-in cylinder are screwed and locked, the screw drive component drives the rotating buckle component to rotate and open, and then buckles onto the top wall of the air guide groove.

[0010] The upper end of the plug tube is provided with a flange, which is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the metal cover by a second screw.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the plug tube is provided with several sets of receiving grooves at equal intervals, and a limiting ring is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the receiving groove; The rotating fastener includes a rotating fastener arm that is movably connected to the receiving groove by a pin, and a connecting shaft that is fixed at the upper end of the rotating fastener arm by a connecting arm. The bottom of the screw drive component is movably connected to a connecting cylinder, and U-shaped groove seats are fixed at equal intervals on the side of the connecting cylinder. The two ends of the connecting shaft extend through the sliding grooves on the U-shaped groove seats.

[0012] Preferably, the screw drive component includes a screw disc, a locking nut fixed at the middle of the upper end of the screw disc, a connecting rod disposed at the middle of the lower end of the screw disc, and a backing plate fixed on the connecting rod; Several sets of support platforms are fixed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the plug-in tube. A return spring is connected between the abutment plate and the support platform. The abutment plate is slidably connected inside the plug-in tube. The bottom of the connecting rod extends through the connecting cylinder and is then secured by two sets of fixing nuts.

[0013] Preferably, a clearance groove for passage of the U-shaped groove seat is provided between adjacent support platforms; The pressure relief valve assembly includes a vent pipe connecting the screw plate and the abutment plate, a through cylinder whose upper inner wall is fixed in the center by a connecting frame, a lifting rod extending through the through cylinder, a limiting plate fixed at the bottom of the lifting rod, and a lifting valve plate fixed at the upper end of the lifting rod.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the electric heating function at low temperature of the present invention can compensate for the low ambient temperature or heat loss of the casing. When the battery is working and the temperature is too high, the cooling system will cool down the battery pack to ensure that the battery pack is in a more suitable temperature range, so that the battery pack is in a high-efficiency working range.

[0015] This invention achieves structural integration and functional synergy between the "locking and pressure relief component and the air guiding reinforcement component" and the "box locking" and "pressure relief function" through the locking and pressure relief component and the air guiding reinforcement component. This not only solves the individual technical pain points of installation, disassembly and pressure relief, but also forms a closed-loop optimization of "locking-sealing-pressure relief-airflow guidance". Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of the air-guiding reinforcement component and the metal chassis box assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heating module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coolant tank, metal heat sink, and coolant pump of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cooling coil, lower cooling coil, upper cooling plate, and lower cooling plate of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooling module of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery pack of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the battery pack and cooling module of this invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the heating module, battery pack, and cooling module of this invention; Figure 10 This is an exploded structural diagram of the assembly of the locking and pressure relief component and the air guiding and reinforcing component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air-guiding reinforcement component and the metal chassis box assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the entire assembled invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking and pressure relief assembly of the present invention in its initial state; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 15 This is an exploded structural diagram of the assembly of the rotating buckle and the plug-in cylinder of the present invention; Figure 16 This is an exploded structural diagram of the assembly of the U-shaped groove seat, connecting rod, screw plate and lifting valve plate of the present invention; Figure 17 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the through-tube arrangement of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the assembled metal top cover, air guiding reinforcement component, and locking and pressure relief component of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Battery pack; 101. Battery casing; 102. Electrode plate; 2. Heating module; 21. Heating resistance wire; 22. Heating battery; 23. Heating controller; 3. Cooling module; 301. Coolant tank; 302. Metal heat sink; 303. Cooling pump; 304. T-connector; 305. Solenoid valve; 306. Cooling high-voltage side header; 307. Cooling low-voltage side header; 308. Upper cooling coil; 309. Lower cooling coil; 310. Vertical pipe; 311. Upper cooling plate; 312. Lower cooling plate; 4. Housing; 401. Metal chassis box; 402. Flame-retardant insulation board; 403. Metal top cover; 5. Temperature control monitoring module; 6. Vent reinforcement assembly; 601. Vent channel; 602. Connecting hole; 60 3. Vent slot; 604. Mounting plate; 605. First screw; 606. Fan; 7. Locking pressure relief assembly; 701. Locking nut; 702. Threaded disc; 703. Lifting valve plate; 704. Flange; 705. Second screw; 706. Connecting rod; 707. Vent pipe; 708. Insert sleeve; 709. Rotating latch arm; 710. Receiving slot; 711. Lifting rod; 712. Abutment plate; 713. Return spring; 714. Support platform; 715. Clearance slot; 716. U-shaped slot seat; 717. Connecting shaft; 718. Connecting arm; 719. Limiting ring; 720. Pin; 721. Fixing nut; 722. Connecting sleeve; 723. Slide groove; 724. Limiting disc; 725. Through tube; 726. Connecting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example: Please see Figures 1-18 The present invention provides a technical solution: A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for a battery pack includes a cooling module 3 and a chamber 4. The chamber 4 provides a heat-insulating space for the battery pack 1 inside. The battery pack 1 includes a battery encapsulation shell 101 disposed between an upper cooling plate 311 and a lower cooling plate 312, and a number of cylindrical batteries (e.g., 18650 batteries) installed inside the battery encapsulation shell 101 by rubber fixing sleeves. The number of cylindrical batteries are connected in series and parallel to the battery control board inside the battery encapsulation shell 101. The positive and negative terminals of each battery pack 1 are connected through an electrode plate 102.

[0020] The cylindrical batteries are installed inside the battery enclosure 101 by rubber fixing sleeves, and are connected to the battery control board after being connected in series and parallel. Each battery pack 1 is connected to the positive and negative terminals through the electrode plate 102.

[0021] The rubber retaining sleeve has both buffering and insulation functions, which can absorb vibration and shock, protect the cylindrical battery, and avoid the risk of short circuit; the modular packaging facilitates the installation, disassembly and maintenance of battery pack 1, and improves replacement efficiency; the electrode plate 102 realizes the rapid electrical connection of each battery pack 1, reduces wiring complexity and improves circuit stability.

[0022] The housing 4 includes a metal chassis box 401 and a metal top cover 403 fixed to the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box 401; The inner walls of both the metal chassis box 401 and the metal top cover 403 are provided with flame-retardant insulation boards 402. The metal top cover 403 is clipped onto the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box 401, and a heat-insulating sealing strip is provided between the contact edges of the metal chassis box 401 and the metal top cover 403.

[0023] The metal top cover 403 is clipped onto the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box 401, and a heat-insulating sealing strip is provided at the contact edge; both have flame-retardant insulation boards 402 fixed to their inner walls.

[0024] The dual-sealing design (clamp locking + heat insulation sealing strip) reduces the infiltration of outside air, lowers heat exchange loss, and improves constant temperature stability. The flame-retardant insulation board 402 has both heat insulation and fireproof functions, which not only prevents heat transfer between the inside and outside of the box 4, but also improves the safety of the battery pack 1. The metal chassis box 401 and the metal top cover 403 are made of high strength and can protect the internal components from external impacts.

[0025] The circulation pipe assembly of the cooling module 3 extends into the metal chassis box 401 to dissipate heat for the battery pack 1; The cooling module 3 includes an upper cooling plate 311 and a lower cooling plate 312 respectively disposed above and below the battery pack 1, and a coolant tank 301 located outside the housing 4. The top of the coolant tank 301 is equipped with a cooling pump 303 and multiple sets of metal heat sinks 302. The outlet of the cooling pump 303 is connected to two sets of solenoid valves 305 via a three-way pipe 304. The circulating pipeline assembly includes a cooling high-pressure side main pipe 306 connected to the solenoid valve 305, an upper cooling coil 308 connected to the end of the cooling high-pressure side main pipe 306, a lower cooling coil 309 connected to the end of the upper cooling coil 308 by a vertical pipe 310, and a cooling low-pressure side main pipe 307 connected between the end of the lower cooling coil 309 and the coolant tank 301. The cooling high-pressure side main pipe 306 is built inside the corresponding upper cooling plate 311, and the cooling low-pressure side main pipe 307 is built inside the corresponding lower cooling plate 312.

[0026] The cooling high-pressure side main pipe 306 and the cooling low-pressure side main pipe 307 are sealed with sealing sleeves when they pass through the side wall of the metal chassis box 401, and the pipe walls are wrapped with heat-insulating and flame-retardant tape to reduce heat loss through the pipes.

[0027] When the temperature of battery pack 1 is higher than 30°C, the cooling pump 303 is activated to circulate heat dissipation.

[0028] The upper cooling plate 311 and the lower cooling plate 312 are in contact with the battery pack 1, increasing the heat exchange area and improving heat dissipation efficiency; The design of the upper cooling plate 311 and the lower cooling plate 312, together with the upper cooling coil 308 and the lower cooling coil 309, enables synchronous heat dissipation on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery pack 1, avoiding excessive local temperature.

[0029] The metal chassis box 401 contains a heating module 2 and a temperature control monitoring module 5; Heating module 2 provides intermittent heating for battery pack 1, and temperature control monitoring module 5 is used to detect temperature and provide signal commands for heating module 2 or cooling module 3 to dissipate heat. Heating module 2 includes a heating battery 22 disposed in a metal chassis box 401, a heating controller 23 disposed on the side of the heating battery 22, and a heating resistance wire 21 electrically connected to the heating battery 22. The heating resistance wire 21 is evenly wound around the battery pack 1. The heating module 2 is set to intermittent heating. After a certain period of heating, the heating controller 23 automatically disconnects the power supply to the heating battery 22 and the heating resistance wire 21, causing the heating resistance wire 21 to stop heating. Intermittent heating resumes only when the next heating command signal is detected.

[0030] Heating resistance wire 21 is evenly wound around the battery pack 1 and electrically connected to the heated storage battery 22. The wound layout allows heat to be evenly radiated to all parts of the battery pack 1, avoiding uneven heating of individual cylindrical cells; The heating resistance wire 21 is directly attached to the battery package 101, resulting in a short heat conduction path, fast heating speed, and low energy consumption. The heating battery 22 is powered independently, avoiding reliance on the main battery pack 1 and ensuring the reliability of the heating function.

[0031] The temperature control monitoring module 5 includes a temperature controller and several sets of temperature probes electrically connected to the temperature controller. The several sets of temperature probes are evenly distributed in the metal chassis box 401. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the heating controller 23, the cooling pump 303, the solenoid valve 305 and the fan 606.

[0032] The temperature controller provides signal commands for heating or cooling battery pack 1. The temperature monitoring module 5 sets the temperature range of battery pack 1 for enclosure 4 to be 8℃-30℃. When the temperature of battery pack 1 is below 8℃, intermittent heating is started; when the temperature of battery pack 1 is above 30℃, cooling pump 303 is started to circulate and dissipate heat.

[0033] Several sets of temperature probes are evenly distributed in the metal chassis box 401 and electrically connected to the temperature controller. The temperature controller is linked to the heating controller 23, cooling pump 303, solenoid valve 305 and fan 606.

[0034] Distributed probes can collect temperature data from different areas inside the enclosure, ensuring comprehensive and accurate temperature monitoring and avoiding misjudgments caused by single-point monitoring. The temperature controller is directly linked to each execution module, with low command transmission latency, enabling rapid response in temperature regulation; unified control logic simplifies system complexity and reduces the probability of failure.

[0035] An air-guiding and reinforcing component 6 is fixed in the center of the metal chassis box 401. The air guiding enhancement component 6 includes an air guiding channel 601, a mounting plate 604 at the bottom of the air guiding channel 601, and a fan 606 fixed at one end of the air guiding channel 601. Mounting plate 604 is centeredly fixed inside metal chassis box 401 by first screw 605; The side of the air guide channel 601 is provided with an air outlet channel 603, which is directly opposite the adjacent battery pack 1. An insertion hole 602 is provided at the middle of the upper end of the air guide groove 601.

[0036] The air duct 601 is fixed to the center of the metal chassis box 401 by the mounting plate 604 and the first screw 605. The air outlet 603 is directly opposite the adjacent battery pack 1. The fan 606 is fixed to one end of the air duct 601.

[0037] The central layout allows airflow to evenly cover all battery packs 1, and the air outlet 603 blows air in a directional manner towards the gaps between batteries, enhancing airflow and improving temperature field uniformity. The 606 fan provides active airflow drive, solving the problem of low efficiency of natural convection, and can accelerate heat dissipation, especially in cooling mode; The insertion hole 602 of the air guide groove 601 cooperates with the locking and pressure relief assembly 7 to achieve structural integration and reduce space occupation.

[0038] A locking and pressure relief assembly 7 is fixed at the lower center of the metal top cover 403; The locking and pressure relief assembly 7 includes a plug tube 708 fixed to the middle of the lower end of the metal cover 403, a rotating buckle connected at equal intervals to the bottom of the plug tube 708, a screw drive component provided in the middle of the plug tube 708, and a pressure relief valve assembly integrated on the screw drive component. The bottom of the screw drive component slides into the upper end of the rotating buckle component. After the screw drive component is screwed and locked to the plug-in cylinder 708, the screw drive component drives the rotating buckle component to rotate and open, and then buckles onto the top wall of the air guide groove 601.

[0039] The screw drive component (screw disc 702, locking nut 701, connecting rod 706) is screwed to the plug sleeve 708, and the bottom is slidably connected to the connecting shaft 717 of the rotating fastener through the connecting sleeve 722 and the U-shaped groove seat 716; the rotating fastener is movably connected to the receiving groove 710 through the pin 720.

[0040] The screw drive and the snap lock are linked. The lock can be quickly locked by rotating the locking nut 701. The operation is convenient and the lock is firm, preventing the top cover from loosening due to transportation or vibration. The opening angle of the rotating buckle arm 709 is controlled by the screw stroke, and the locking force is uniform, avoiding excessive local force that could damage the components. The receiving groove 710 and the limiting ring 719 provide limiting protection for the rotating fastener, preventing excessive rotation from causing failure.

[0041] The upper end of the plug-in sleeve 708 is provided with a flange 704, which is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the metal cover 403 by a second screw 705.

[0042] The bottom of the plug-in tube 708 is provided with several sets of receiving grooves 710 at equal intervals, and the inner side of the bottom of the receiving groove 710 is provided with a limiting ring 719. The rotating fastener includes a rotating fastening arm 709 movably connected to the receiving groove 710 by a pin 720, and a connecting shaft 717 fixed at the upper end of the rotating fastening arm 709 by a connecting arm 718. The bottom of the screw drive is movably connected to a connecting cylinder 722. U-shaped groove seats 716 are fixed at equal intervals on the side of the connecting cylinder 722, and the two ends of the connecting shaft 717 extend through the sliding grooves 723 on the U-shaped groove seats 716.

[0043] The screw drive component includes a screw disc 702, a locking nut 701 fixed at the middle of the upper end of the screw disc 702, a connecting rod 706 provided at the middle of the lower end of the screw disc 702, and an abutment disc 712 fixed on the connecting rod 706; Several sets of support platforms 714 are fixed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the plug-in tube 708. A return spring 713 is connected between the abutment plate 712 and the support platform 714. The abutment plate 712 is slidably connected inside the plug-in tube 708. The bottom of the connecting rod 706 extends through the connecting cylinder 722 and is then fixed by two sets of fixing nuts 721.

[0044] A clearance groove 715 for passing through the U-shaped groove seat 716 is provided between adjacent support platforms 714; The pressure relief valve assembly includes a vent pipe 707 connecting the bolted disc 702 and the abutment disc 712, a through cylinder 725 whose upper inner wall is fixed in the center by a connecting frame 726, a lifting rod 711 extending through the through cylinder 725, a limiting disc 724 fixed at the bottom of the lifting rod 711, and a lifting valve plate 703 fixed at the upper end of the lifting rod 711.

[0045] The pressure relief valve assembly features an integrated structure (vent pipe 707, lifting valve plate 703, and lifting rod 711). The connection method is as follows: the vent pipe 707 connects to the bolted plate 702 and the abutment plate 712; the lifting rod 711 passes through the through-tube 725; a limiting plate 724 is located at the bottom; and the lifting valve plate 703 is located at the top. The pressure relief valve assembly is integrated within the locking assembly, eliminating the need for an additional independent pressure relief device, simplifying the structural design and saving space. The limiting plate 724 and the through-tube 725 ensure smooth movement of the lifting rod 711, preventing jamming of the lifting valve plate 703 and improving the reliability of pressure relief.

[0046] After the locking and pressure relief assembly 7 is inserted into the air guiding and reinforcing assembly 6, it is secured with a snap fastener. The locking and pressure relief assembly 7 also serves to relieve pressure on the housing 4.

[0047] The locking and pressure relief assembly 7 and the air guide channel 601 are connected by a "plug-in positioning + snap-locking + functional integration" method, which achieves synergistic effects of four core functions: "structural fixation, sealing and heat preservation, airflow optimization, and safe pressure relief". The specific technical benefits are as follows: I. Precise positioning and secure locking enhance the sealing reliability of the enclosure: Connection base: The plug-in cylinder 708 of the locking and pressure relief assembly 7 is precisely plugged into the plug-in hole 602 at the upper end of the air guide groove 601. With the rotation of the buckle arm 709 around the pin shaft 720, it is buckled on the top wall of the air guide groove 601, forming a double fixing structure of "plug-in + buckle".

[0048] 1. The insertion hole 602 provides radial positioning for the insertion tube 708, preventing the metal top cover 403 from shifting when the metal chassis box 401 is closed, ensuring that the heat insulation sealing strip (the contact edge between the metal chassis box 401 and the metal top cover 403) fits evenly and reducing the sealing gap. 2. The opening buckle design of the rotating buckle arm 709 makes the locking force evenly distributed along the top wall of the air guide groove 601, avoiding the loosening of the top cover caused by local stress. Especially in transportation, vibration and other scenarios, it can maintain the sealing stability and reduce the heat exchange loss inside and outside the box 4. 3. The screw drive component (screw disc 702, locking nut 701) is linked with the buckle structure. Rotating the locking nut 701 can quickly lock and unlock, which is convenient to operate and has high locking strength, and is superior to the disassembly and assembly efficiency of traditional bolt fixing.

[0049] II. Integrated structural design saves internal space and optimizes layout: Connection base: The air guide groove 601 of the air guide reinforcement component 6 has the dual functions of "airflow guidance" and "locking base", and the locking and pressure relief component 7 integrates the functions of "locking" and "pressure relief". The two are connected by plug-in buckle to achieve structural integration.

[0050] 1. There is no need to set up an independent locking base or pressure relief channel in the metal chassis box 401. The insertion hole 602 and the buckle surface of the air guide groove 601 are directly used as part of the locking structure. The air pipe 707 of the locking pressure relief assembly 7 forms an airflow connection with the air guide groove 601, reducing the space occupied by redundant structures and reserving more installation space for core components such as battery pack 1, heating resistance wire 21, and cooling coil (upper cooling coil 308, lower cooling coil 309), making the overall layout more compact. 2. The air guide channel 601 is fixed in the center, and the locking and pressure relief component 7 is fixed in the middle of the metal cover 403. The connection point is located at the geometric center of the box 4, which can make the metal cover 403 bear the force evenly and avoid poor sealing or structural deformation caused by the offset of the locking point.

[0051] III. The synergy between airflow guidance and pressure relief channels improves temperature uniformity and pressure regulation efficiency: Connection basis: The air outlet 603 of the air guide channel 601 is directly opposite the adjacent battery pack 1. The fan 606 drives the airflow through the air guide channel 601 and the air outlet 603 to blow towards the battery pack 1. The vent pipe 707 of the locking pressure relief assembly 7 is connected to the inside of the air guide channel 601. The pressure relief valve assembly (lifting valve plate 703, lifting rod 711, vent pipe 707) realizes the release of internal pressure of the box 4 through the air guide channel 601.

[0052] 1. When the two are connected, they form an integrated channel of "airflow circulation-pressure regulation": When the directional airflow generated by the fan 606 flows in the air guide channel 601, it can drive the air in the box 4 to circulate quickly. The vent pipe 707, as the inlet of the pressure relief channel, is directly connected to the main airflow channel in the air guide channel 601. When the pressure in the box 4 increases, the high-pressure airflow can quickly converge to the vent pipe 707 through the air guide channel 601 and be discharged through the pressure relief valve assembly. Compared with the decentralized pressure relief channel, the pressure regulation response speed is improved. 2. The airflow guiding function of the air guide groove 601 works in conjunction with the pressure relief channel to avoid local airflow turbulence affecting the temperature field uniformity during pressure relief: During the pressure relief process, the airflow is discharged in an orderly manner from the air guide groove 601 and will not directly impact the surface of the battery pack 1, ensuring the stability of the temperature field around the battery pack 1 during heating / heat dissipation and reducing the temperature fluctuation of individual columnar cells.

[0053] IV. Dual protection design enhances device safety and lifespan: Connection base: The air guide channel 601 is made of metal (compatible with the metal chassis box 401).

[0054] 1. The metal air guide groove 601 forms a rigid connection with the plug tube 708, which can withstand the slight vibration and thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes when the battery pack 1 is working, avoid deformation or breakage of the connection part, and improve the service life of the structure. 2. The lifting valve plate 703 of the pressure relief valve assembly is in a closed state during normal operation. Together with the heat insulation sealing strip and flame-retardant insulation plate 402, it can prevent heat loss from the box 4 through the pressure relief channel and ensure constant temperature effect. When abnormal high pressure occurs (such as the battery pack 1 overheating and generating gas), the pressure relief valve assembly responds quickly and discharges the high-pressure gas through the air guide groove 601 to avoid damage to the box 4 due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the air guide groove 601 can guide the discharge airflow in a directional manner, reduce the direct impact of high-temperature gas on surrounding components, and improve overall safety.

[0055] V. Improved ease of maintenance, reducing disassembly and repair costs: Connection basis: The connection between the locking and pressure relief assembly 7 and the air guide groove 601 adopts a quick-release structure of "plug-in + snap-fit". It does not require disassembling multiple bolts, and can be unlocked by simply rotating the locking nut 701.

[0056] 1. When inspecting battery pack 1, heating module 2 or cooling module 3, rotating the locking nut 701 can drive the screw drive component to move upward, the return spring 713 pushes the abutment plate 712 to return to its original position, and the connecting cylinder 722 pulls the connecting shaft 717 through the U-shaped groove seat 716, so that the rotating buckle arm 709 retracts around the pin shaft 720 into the receiving groove 710, and the metal cover 403 can be opened quickly. Compared with the traditional multi-bolt fixing structure, the disassembly and assembly efficiency is improved. Specifically, when using it: 1. Temperature control monitoring mechanism (core triggering logic): The temperature control monitoring module 5 serves as the control core of the entire device. Several sets of temperature probes are evenly distributed within the metal chassis box 401, collecting real-time ambient temperature data inside the box 4 and the temperature around the battery pack 1, and transmitting the data to the temperature controller. The temperature controller presets the optimal operating temperature range for the battery pack 1 (e.g., 8℃-30℃; specific thresholds can be set via the heating controller 23 or the cooling pump 303 parameters). By comparing the real-time temperature with the preset range, it generates corresponding control commands. When the real-time temperature is 8°C lower than the preset lower limit, the temperature controller sends a heating command to the heating controller 23. When the real-time temperature exceeds the preset upper limit of 30°C, the temperature controller sends a heat dissipation command to the cooling pump 303 and the solenoid valve 305. When the real-time temperature is within the preset range, the temperature controller maintains the standby state of the heating module 2 and the cooling module 3, and only continuously collects temperature data.

[0057] 2. Temperature regulation mechanism (dual modes of heating / heat dissipation): (1) Heating mode: After receiving the command from the temperature controller, the heating controller 23 starts the heating battery 22 to supply power to the heating resistance wire 21. Since the heating resistance wire 21 is evenly wound around the battery pack 1, the heat generated after power is applied can be evenly radiated to the battery pack 1, achieving rapid and uniform heating of the battery pack 1. At the same time, the temperature control monitoring module 5 continuously feeds back temperature data. When the temperature reaches the upper limit of the preset range, the temperature controller sends a stop command, and the heating module 2 stops working to avoid overheating.

[0058] (2) Heat dissipation mode: After receiving the command from the temperature controller, the cooling pump 303 draws coolant (such as antifreeze coolant) from the coolant tank 301, distributes it through the three-way pipe 304 to the two sets of solenoid valves 305, and then delivers it to the upper cooling coil 308 through the cooling high-pressure side main pipe 306.

[0059] Since the cooling high-voltage side main pipe 306 is built inside the upper cooling plate 311, the upper cooling coil 308 is in direct contact with the upper surface of the battery pack 1, and the coolant absorbs the heat of the battery pack 1 when it flows in the coil. The coolant then flows through the vertical pipe 310 into the lower cooling coil 309 (which contacts the lower surface of the battery pack 1 to further absorb heat), and then flows back to the coolant tank 301 through the cooling low-pressure side main pipe 307 (built into the lower cooling plate 312).

[0060] Multiple sets of metal heat sinks 302 on the top of the coolant tank 301 dissipate the absorbed heat to the outside of the tank 4, completing the heat dissipation cycle. The solenoid valve 305 can adjust the coolant flow rate according to the temperature to achieve precise heat dissipation.

[0061] 3. Airflow enhancement mechanism (improving temperature field uniformity): The air guiding enhancement component 6 works in conjunction with the temperature regulation mechanism: the fan 606 receives the command from the temperature controller (it is given priority to start in heat dissipation mode and can assist in heat diffusion in heating mode). After starting, it draws the air in the metal chassis box 401 into the air guiding channel 601 and blows it directionally towards the gap of the battery pack 1 through the air outlet channel 603 (directly facing the gap between adjacent battery packs 1).

[0062] This design breaks the air stagnation layer around the battery pack 1, accelerates heat diffusion during heating (avoiding local overheating) and heat exchange during heat dissipation (improving the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant coil), ensures a uniform temperature field inside the housing 4, and avoids temperature deviations in individual cylindrical cells.

[0063] 4. Structural locking and pressure relief mechanism (safety seal + pressure protection): (1) Locking function: When the housing 4 is closed, the locking and pressure relief assembly 7 of the metal top cover 403 and the air guiding and reinforcing assembly 6 of the metal chassis box 401 are inserted and engaged: the insertion cylinder 708 is aligned with the insertion hole 602 at the upper end of the air guiding groove 601 and inserted, and the locking nut 701 is rotated to drive the screw plate 702 to move downward along the inner wall of the insertion cylinder 708 (e.g. Figure 18 As shown, the screw plate 702 is screwed between the plug sleeve 708 and the metal cover 403, so that the return spring 713 is gradually compressed.

[0064] The threaded plate 702 pushes the connecting cylinder 722 downward via the connecting rod 706. The U-shaped groove seat 716 on the side of the connecting cylinder 722 drives the connecting shaft 717 via the sliding groove 723, causing the rotating latch arm 709 to rotate and open around the pin shaft 720, ultimately latching onto the top wall of the air guide groove 601, thus achieving a secure lock between the metal top cover 403 and the metal chassis box 401. At the same time, the heat-insulating sealing strips at the contact edges of the metal chassis box 401 and the metal top cover 403 further enhance the sealing performance and reduce heat exchange between the inside and outside of the box 4.

[0065] (2) Pressure relief function: During the operation or temperature regulation of battery pack 1, the air inside the housing 4 expands due to heat, causing the pressure to rise. When the pressure exceeds a preset threshold, the airflow in the venting channel 601 enters the insertion cylinder 708, and the airflow pushes the lifting valve plate 703 upward through the vent pipe 707, causing the lifting rod 711 to move upward along the through cylinder 725, opening the pressure relief channel and venting the high-pressure gas inside the housing 4. When the pressure drops to a safe range, under the action of the gravity of the valve plate 703, the lifting rod 711, and the limiting plate 724, the valve plate 703 moves downward and closes the top of the vent pipe 707 again, realizing automatic pressure regulation and preventing the housing 4 from being deformed or damaged due to high pressure.

[0066] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs, comprising a cooling module and a chamber body, characterized in that: The enclosure provides a heat-insulating space for the battery pack inside, and the enclosure includes a metal chassis box and a metal cover fixed to the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box. The cooling module's circulation pipe assembly extends into the metal chassis box to dissipate heat from the battery pack; The metal chassis box is equipped with a heating module and a temperature control monitoring module; The heating module provides intermittent heating for the battery pack, and the temperature control monitoring module is used to detect the temperature and provide signal commands for the heating module to heat up or the cooling module to dissipate heat. An air-guiding reinforcement component is fixed in the center of the interior of the metal chassis box, and a locking and pressure-relief component is fixed in the middle of the lower end of the metal top cover. The locking and pressure-relief component is inserted into the air-guiding reinforcement component and then snapped in place. The locking and pressure-relief component also serves to relieve pressure on the box.

2. The quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of both the metal chassis box and the metal top cover are provided with flame-retardant and heat-insulating boards. The metal top cover is clipped onto the outer side of the upper end of the metal chassis box, and a heat-insulating sealing strip is provided between the contact edges of the metal chassis box and the metal top cover.

3. The quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling module includes an upper cooling plate and a lower cooling plate respectively disposed above and below the battery pack, and a coolant tank located outside the housing. The top of the coolant tank is equipped with a cooling pump and multiple sets of metal heat sinks. The outlet of the cooling pump is connected to two sets of solenoid valves via a three-way pipe. The circulating pipeline assembly includes a cooling high-pressure side main pipe connected to the solenoid valve, an upper cooling coil connected to the end of the cooling high-pressure side main pipe, a lower cooling coil connected to the end of the upper cooling coil by a vertical pipe, and a cooling low-pressure side main pipe connected between the end of the lower cooling coil and the coolant tank. The cooling high-pressure side header is built inside the corresponding upper cooling plate, and the cooling low-pressure side header is built inside the corresponding lower cooling plate.

4. The quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating module includes a heating battery housed in a metal chassis box, a heating controller located on the side of the heating battery, and a heating resistance wire electrically connected to the heating battery. The heating resistance wire is evenly wound around the battery pack. The temperature control monitoring module includes a temperature controller and several sets of temperature probes electrically connected to the temperature controller. The several sets of temperature probes are evenly distributed in the metal chassis box. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the heating controller, cooling pump and solenoid valve.

5. A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guiding enhancement component includes an air guiding channel, a mounting plate at the bottom of the air guiding channel, and a fan fixed at one end of the air guiding channel. The mounting plate is fixed to the inside of the metal chassis box by the first screw in the center. The air duct has an outlet groove on its side, which is directly opposite the space between adjacent battery packs.

6. The quasi-constant temperature chamber device for a battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper middle part of the air guide groove is provided with a plug hole; The locking and pressure relief assembly includes a plug-in cylinder fixed to the middle of the lower end of the metal cover, a rotating buckle connected at equal intervals at the bottom of the plug-in cylinder, a screw drive component set in the middle of the plug-in cylinder, and a pressure relief valve assembly integrated on the screw drive component. The bottom of the screw drive component slides into the upper end of the rotating buckle component. After the screw drive component and the plug-in cylinder are screwed and locked, the screw drive component drives the rotating buckle component to rotate and open, and then buckles onto the top wall of the air guide groove.

7. A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the plug tube is provided with a flange, which is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the metal cover by a second screw.

8. A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the plug tube is provided with several sets of receiving grooves at equal intervals, and a limiting ring is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the receiving groove. The rotating fastener includes a rotating fastener arm that is movably connected to the receiving groove by a pin, and a connecting shaft that is fixed at the upper end of the rotating fastener arm by a connecting arm. The bottom of the screw drive component is movably connected to a connecting cylinder, and U-shaped groove seats are fixed at equal intervals on the side of the connecting cylinder. The two ends of the connecting shaft extend through the sliding grooves on the U-shaped groove seats.

9. A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 8, characterized in that: The screw drive component includes a screw disc, a locking nut fixed at the middle of the upper end of the screw disc, a connecting rod set at the middle of the lower end of the screw disc, and a backing plate fixed on the connecting rod; Several sets of support platforms are fixed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the plug-in tube. A return spring is connected between the abutment plate and the support platform. The abutment plate is slidably connected inside the plug-in tube. The bottom of the connecting rod extends through the connecting cylinder and is then secured by two sets of fixing nuts.

10. A quasi-constant temperature chamber device for battery packs according to claim 9, characterized in that: A clearance groove is provided between adjacent support platforms for the passage of the U-shaped groove seat; The pressure relief valve assembly includes a vent pipe connecting the screw plate and the abutment plate, a through cylinder whose upper inner wall is fixed in the center by a connecting frame, a lifting rod extending through the through cylinder, a limiting plate fixed at the bottom of the lifting rod, and a lifting valve plate fixed at the upper end of the lifting rod.

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