Intelligent starting decision-making method and device for transformer substation

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent starting decision-making method and device for a transformer substation, and the method comprises the steps: determining a current operation mode of the transformer substation based on the physical topological structure and equipment position state information of primary equipment of the transformer substation, and determining an initial operation state of to-be-started equipment based on the operation states of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment of the transformer substation; determining a starting range related to the current starting operation based on the current operation mode in combination with the initial operation state; based on the current operation mode, the initial operation state and the starting range, comprehensive analysis and judgment are carried out by combining the wiring mode type of the transformer substation, and starting operation steps are obtained; the starting operation step comprises a primary equipment operation step and a secondary equipment operation step; and performing scheme compiling based on the starting operation steps in combination with starting-related equipment parameters, project general situations and risk prompt data to obtain a standardized intelligent starting scheme. According to the invention, requirements of normativity, accuracy and high efficiency of a starting scheme by a power grid at the present stage are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of artificial intelligence technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for intelligent start-up decision-making in substations. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the power grid, the types and quantities of substation equipment are increasing. Newly built smart substations are beginning to include more and more digital and intelligent equipment. The parameter settings, startup sequences, and coordination requirements of these devices are becoming more complex. In addition, the frequent startup operations after the construction, expansion, and major overhaul of substation equipment make the startup operations increasingly complex.

[0003] Currently, existing intelligent substation startup decision-making methods typically rely on a constructed substation equipment basic information database. This database integrates static data such as the physical connection parameters of primary equipment and the configuration parameters of secondary protection devices, combined with manually inputted equipment status information, to determine preliminary startup operation suggestions. However, these methods heavily depend on manual intervention in key aspects such as equipment status information input, filtering of startup equipment association ranges, and supplementation of secondary operation steps. This is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also prone to information omissions or errors due to human negligence. Furthermore, existing methods have poor adaptability to scenarios such as sudden startup tasks and changes in grid operation modes. They require manual adjustment of input parameters and modification of some operation suggestions, failing to quickly respond to actual work needs and failing to meet the grid's requirements for standardized, accurate, and efficient startup schemes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a substation intelligent start-up decision-making method and device to adapt to scenarios such as sudden start-up tasks and changes in power grid operation mode, and can quickly respond to actual work needs, realize the intelligent and standardized preparation of start-up plans, and meet the current requirements of the power grid for the standardization, accuracy and efficiency of start-up plans.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a substation intelligent start-up decision method, comprising: Based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment in the substation, the current operating mode of the substation is determined, and based on the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment in the substation, the initial operating status of the equipment to be started is determined. Based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state, determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation; Based on the current operating mode, the initial operating state, and the start-up range, and combined with the substation's wiring type, a comprehensive analysis and judgment are performed to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; Based on the aforementioned startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup solution is developed.

[0006] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a substation intelligent start-up decision device, applied to the substation intelligent start-up decision method as described in the first aspect; the substation intelligent start-up decision device includes: The operation mode and status identification module is used to determine the current operation mode of the substation based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment of the substation, and to determine the initial operation status of the equipment to be started based on the operation status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment of the substation. The startup scope definition module is used to determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state. The operation step generation module is used to perform a comprehensive analysis and judgment based on the current operating mode, the initial operating state, and the start-up range, combined with the substation's wiring method type, to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; The startup plan preparation module is used to prepare a standardized intelligent startup plan based on the startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information.

[0007] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory for storing computer software programs; and a processor for reading and executing the computer software programs, thereby realizing the substation intelligent start-up decision method as described above.

[0008] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer software program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the substation intelligent start-up decision method as described above.

[0009] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the substation intelligent start-up decision method as described above.

[0010] The substation intelligent start-up decision-making method provided in this invention accurately determines the current operating mode of the substation and the initial operating state of the equipment to be started based on the physical connection relationship and equipment location status of the primary equipment, as well as the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment. This replaces the method of manually entering some equipment status information in existing methods. Based on this accurately determined data, the start-up scope involved in the current start-up operation is clarified, realizing automatic screening of start-up-related equipment and avoiding the problem of omission or expansion of the scope of manual screening. Furthermore, based on the current operating mode, initial operating state, and start-up scope, a comprehensive analysis is conducted in conjunction with the substation wiring type. This process yields a complete startup procedure including primary and secondary equipment operation steps, eliminating the need for manual supplementation of secondary operation steps. This not only avoids information omissions or errors caused by human error but also flexibly adapts to different operating modes and sudden startup tasks. Finally, based on the complete startup operation steps combined with equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup plan is developed. The entire process requires no manual adjustment of parameters or modification of operation suggestions, adapting to scenarios such as sudden startup tasks and changes in power grid operating modes. It can also quickly respond to actual work needs, achieving intelligent and standardized startup plan development, and meeting the current power grid requirements for the standardization, accuracy, and efficiency of startup plans. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the intelligent start-up decision-making method for substations provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent start-up decision device for substations provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 An embodiment diagram of the electronic device provided in this invention; Figure 4 An embodiment diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in accordance with the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0014] In the description of this invention, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this invention is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed herein.

[0015] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the intelligent substation start-up decision-making method provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the executing entity of the intelligent substation start-up decision-making method is a start-up decision-making device. Therefore, the intelligent substation start-up decision-making method includes: Step 10: Based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment in the substation, determine the current operating mode of the substation, and based on the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment in the substation, determine the initial operating status of the equipment to be started.

[0016] Optionally, the decision-making device obtains the physical topology of the substation's primary equipment by connecting to a pre-established substation equipment basic information database. This database is pre-built and stored structured data, including the model, specifications, installation location, and static configuration information such as connection paths, connection nodes, and relationships between all primary equipment in the substation. Simultaneously, it collects real-time equipment location and status information through communication connections with the substation's monitoring system and intelligent terminal devices. The physical topology refers to the actual connection relationships between primary equipment via conductors, connectors, etc., including the complete spatial and electrical connection layout such as equipment installation location, connection path, and hierarchical relationships. Equipment location and status information refers to the current mechanical position and electrical on / off state of the primary equipment, including the open or closed status of circuit breakers, the open or closed status of disconnecting switches, and the engaged or disengaged status of grounding switches—status parameters that directly reflect whether the equipment participates in circuit operation.

[0017] Optionally, after obtaining the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment, the decision-making device performs comprehensive analysis on the physical topology and equipment location status information. By traversing the connection relationships and corresponding statuses of all primary equipment, it determines whether each equipment is in an operating circuit, a standby circuit, or a maintenance circuit, thereby obtaining the current operating mode of the substation. That is, at the current moment, the overall connection status of the primary equipment and the power transmission path mode of the substation, including normal operating mode, standby operating mode, and maintenance operating mode.

[0018] Furthermore, the startup decision-making device also obtains the operating status of primary and secondary equipment through connections with the substation's equipment status monitoring system, protection and control devices, and background monitoring system. For example, it acquires information on the operation, maintenance, or fault status of protection devices in secondary equipment. Here, secondary equipment refers to equipment that provides control, protection, measurement, and monitoring functions for primary equipment, and each primary device is typically configured with one or more sets of corresponding secondary equipment. The device then combines the acquired operating status of the primary and corresponding secondary equipment with the startup task objectives (such as grid connection of newly built equipment, power restoration of equipment after maintenance, commissioning of standby equipment, etc.) to screen the equipment to be started one by one, verifying the mechanical and electrical status of the equipment itself and the functional status of the secondary equipment, ultimately obtaining the initial operating status of the equipment before startup.

[0019] In one embodiment, a decision-making device in a 110 kV substation collects the physical topology of the substation's primary equipment based on a connection to the substation's basic equipment information database. This physical topology is as follows: Main transformer No. 1 is connected to a 110 kV busbar via a 110 kV circuit breaker; Main transformer No. 2 is connected to two 110 kV busbars via another 110 kV circuit breaker; the two 110 kV busbars are connected by a tie circuit breaker; and the 10 kV busbars are powered by the two main transformers respectively. Simultaneously, the device acquires the location and status information of each piece of equipment, finding that the circuit breaker and disconnector corresponding to Main transformer No. 1 are both in the closed state; the circuit breaker corresponding to Main transformer No. 2 is closed, the disconnector is closed, the tie circuit breaker is in the open state, and all grounding switches are in the off state.

[0020] The decision-making device, through analysis of the information obtained, determined that both main transformers were in operation, the two 110 kV busbars were operating independently, the 10 kV busbars were powered by their respective main transformers, and no equipment was under maintenance. The substation's current operating mode was determined to be the normal dual-main-transformer parallel independent operation mode (i.e., both main transformers were operating simultaneously, each carrying a 110 kV busbar and a corresponding 10 kV busbar load, with the tie circuit breaker disconnected).

[0021] The startup decision-making device receives the startup task as the addition and grid connection of a new 10kV outgoing switchgear to the substation. Based on this task, the equipment to be started is selected as the 10kV outgoing switchgear (including primary equipment such as circuit breakers and disconnectors) and the corresponding relay protection devices and monitoring and control devices (secondary equipment). After identifying the equipment, the operating status of the outgoing switchgear to be started is collected, including that the circuit breakers and disconnectors are in the open state, with no signs of energization, and the mechanical condition of the equipment is intact. Among the corresponding secondary equipment, the power supply of the relay protection device is on, the protection settings have been loaded according to the design requirements, the monitoring and control device communicates normally with the substation automation monitoring system, there are no alarm messages, and it has control and monitoring functions. Based on the collected operating status of each device, the initial operating status of the equipment to be started is finally determined as follows: the primary equipment of the 10kV outgoing switchgear to be started is in the open standby state (mechanical condition intact, no energization, and ready to perform closing operation at any time), and the corresponding secondary equipment is in normal working state (able to provide normal protection and monitoring and control functions).

[0022] Step 20: Based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state, determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation.

[0023] Optionally, the start-up decision-making device determines the start-up scope involved in the current start-up operation by analyzing the correlation between devices based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state. This start-up scope is the set of all primary devices, secondary devices, and related circuits that are directly or indirectly affected by this start-up operation, as detailed in steps 201 to 204.

[0024] Step 30: Based on the current operating mode, initial operating status, and start-up range, and combined with the substation wiring type, a comprehensive analysis and judgment are made to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps.

[0025] Optionally, the start-up decision device performs a comprehensive analysis and judgment based on the current operating mode, initial operating status, and start-up range, combined with the substation's wiring type, to generate start-up operation steps that include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps, as specifically in steps 301 to 306. The substation's wiring type refers to the circuit connection form of the primary equipment, including single busbar connection, single busbar segmented connection, double busbar connection, and one and a half circuit breaker connection, etc.

[0026] Step 40: Based on the startup operation steps and combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup plan is prepared.

[0027] Optionally, the startup decision-making device, based on the acquired startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, performs matching analysis on the specific equipment names and installation locations corresponding to the primary equipment operation steps in the startup operation steps and their equipment parameters; performs semantic association on the protection device models and configuration functions associated with the secondary equipment operation steps in the startup operation steps and their project overview; and matches the key nodes with risks in the startup operation steps with the risk warning information. Finally, by comprehensively combining the matching analysis, semantic association, and matching results, a scheme is prepared in a preset standard template to obtain a standardized intelligent startup scheme, as described in steps 401 to 404.

[0028] This invention, through its embodiments, accurately determines the current operating mode of the substation and the initial operating state of the equipment to be started by considering the physical connection relationships and equipment location status of the primary equipment in the substation, as well as the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment. This replaces the method of manually entering some equipment status information in existing methods. Based on this accurately determined data, the scope of the current startup operation is clearly defined, enabling automatic screening of startup-related equipment and avoiding the problems of omissions or expansions that can easily occur with manual screening. Furthermore, based on the current operating mode, initial operating state, and startup scope, combined with a comprehensive analysis of the substation wiring method, a complete startup process including primary and secondary equipment operation steps is obtained. No manual supplementation of secondary operation steps is required, allowing for flexible adaptation to different operating modes and sudden startup tasks. Finally, based on the complete startup operation steps, combined with equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup plan is compiled. The entire process requires no manual adjustment of parameters or modification of operation suggestions, adapting to scenarios such as sudden startup tasks and changes in power grid operating modes, and can quickly respond to actual work needs. This achieves intelligent and standardized startup plan compilation, meeting the current requirements of the power grid for the standardization, accuracy, and efficiency of startup plans.

[0029] Optionally, the processes of steps 201 to 204 include: Step 201: Based on the busbar segment structure, power supply line connection relationship and actual position status of the grounding switch in the current operating mode, determine the electrical connection path group of the equipment to be started in the primary system.

[0030] Optionally, the startup decision device extracts the bus section structure, power supply incoming connection relationship, and actual position status of the grounding switches from the currently determined operation mode of the substation. Among them, the bus section structure refers to the sectional layout of the substation bus divided according to functional or safety requirements and the setting of sectional switches, including the number of sections, the connection relationship of each sectional bus, and the status of the sectional circuit breakers, etc.; the power supply incoming connection relationship refers to the connection method of the external line that supplies power to the substation with the in-station bus and transformer and the status of the corresponding switchgear, which is used to clarify the source and transmission path of the power input; the actual position status of the grounding switches refers to the current input or withdrawal status of all grounding switches in the substation. Among them, the input status indicates that the corresponding equipment or circuit is connected to the ground, and the withdrawal status indicates that it is disconnected from the ground, which is used to judge whether the electrical path has the condition of being powered on.

[0031] Optionally, the startup decision device analyzes the potential connection paths between the equipment to be started and the superior power supply, the same-level bus, and the inferior load based on the bus section structure and the power supply incoming connection relationship, and then combines the actual position status of the grounding switches to eliminate the invalid paths that cause short circuits or cannot be powered on due to the input of the grounding switches, and filters out the effective paths that only contain equipment in the normal state (not grounded, the switch can operate), forming the electrical connection path group of the equipment to be started in the primary system. Among them, the electrical connection path group refers to the set of all effective paths through which the equipment to be started can achieve electrical conduction, and each path contains a complete equipment chain and the status identifier of each equipment.

[0032] Step 202: Determine the function-dependent equipment group of the equipment to be started in the secondary system based on the input and withdrawal status, protection function enabling situation, and signal loop connectivity of the equipment to be started and its associated secondary equipment in the initial operation state.

[0033] Optionally, the startup decision device extracts the equipment to be started and the input and withdrawal status, protection function enabling situation, and signal loop connectivity of the secondary equipment associated with the equipment to be started from the determined initial operation state. Among them, the input and withdrawal status refers to the state of whether the equipment is put into operation or withdrawn from operation. The input and withdrawal status of the equipment to be started is the initial state determined in Step 10; the input and withdrawal status of the associated secondary equipment refers to whether the secondary equipment supporting the equipment to be started is in the working state; the protection function enabling situation refers to whether various protection functions (such as overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, differential protection, etc.) in the associated secondary equipment have been enabled and can function normally; the signal loop connectivity refers to whether the signal transmission loop between the secondary equipment, the equipment to be started, and the substation automation monitoring system is unobstructed, which is used to ensure the accurate transmission of equipment status signals and operation instructions.

[0034] Optionally, the decision-making device verifies the extracted data one by one and filters out secondary devices that have functional dependencies on the startup process of the device to be started. These are secondary devices that must function normally during the startup and operation of the device to be started to ensure startup safety and achieve control and monitoring, forming a functionally dependent device group. The functionally dependent device group refers to the set of secondary devices that provide necessary functional support such as control, protection, and signal transmission for the device to be started, used to identify the core devices at the secondary system level that need to be included in the startup scope.

[0035] Step 203: Identify the adjacent devices affected during startup based on the electrical connection path group and the functional dependent device group, obtain the device identification results, and match the device identification results with the current startup scenario of the substation to determine the preliminary list of devices affected by startup in the current scenario.

[0036] Optionally, the start-up decision device, based on the electrical connection path group and the functionally dependent device group, traverses upstream and downstream of the devices in the electrical connection path group and the functionally dependent device group one by one through the electrical connection relationship of primary devices and the signal control association relationship of secondary devices, identifies the adjacent devices affected during the start-up process, and obtains the device identification results. Here, adjacent devices refer to devices that have direct electrical connection with the devices in the electrical connection path group, or have signal interaction and control association with the devices in the functionally dependent device group, and whose own operating status, load condition or signal transmission will change due to the start-up operation of the device to be started (such as closing the switch or energizing).

[0037] Furthermore, the decision-making device, based on the identified equipment results (i.e., a set of multiple affected adjacent devices), matches them with the current startup scenario of the substation. According to the equipment impact patterns under different startup scenarios, it eliminates affected devices irrelevant to the current scenario, retaining only the devices requiring focused attention due to this startup operation, thus forming a preliminary list of devices affected by the startup. The current startup scenario is obtained through communication with the power grid dispatch automation system and the substation's backend monitoring system, or through pre-input data from staff. It refers to the specific task type and on-site conditions corresponding to this startup, including task types such as new equipment grid connection, power restoration of maintenance equipment, and commissioning of standby equipment, as well as on-site factors such as current power grid load levels and weather conditions. The preliminary list of devices affected by the startup is a temporary list including all primary and secondary equipment that may be affected by this startup operation.

[0038] Step 204: Based on the preliminary list of equipment affected by startup and the preset substation startup operation boundary division rules, the startup range is obtained by screening.

[0039] Optionally, the decision-making device acquires the substation startup operation boundary rules pre-stored in the device. The substation startup operation boundary rules refer to fixed screening criteria formulated according to the substation safety operation specifications, equipment jurisdiction, and startup operation process requirements. These criteria are used to clearly define the equipment boundaries that the startup operation must cover. This includes including only equipment that is directly related to the current startup operation and requires operation or monitoring, excluding equipment that is only indirectly affected and does not require intervention; including only equipment within the jurisdiction of the current startup task, excluding related equipment that crosses regions or jurisdictions; and including only equipment that requires key risk control during the startup process, excluding equipment with no risk or negligible risk.

[0040] Furthermore, the startup decision-making device, based on the preliminary startup impact equipment list and the obtained substation startup operation boundary division rules, traverses each piece of equipment (including primary and secondary equipment) in the preliminary startup impact equipment list, determines whether it conforms to the startup operation boundary division rules, excludes equipment that does not conform to the rules, and retains only equipment that conforms to the rules and its corresponding circuits, forming a precise startup scope to ensure that the startup scope neither misses key equipment nor expands to irrelevant equipment.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention do not require manual intervention to screen associated devices or define startup boundaries, thus avoiding the problems of missing key devices and expanding the associated scope that are prone to occur in the manual screening of startup scope in existing methods. It can also flexibly adapt to different operating modes and different startup scenarios, effectively improving the adaptability and efficiency of startup scope determination.

[0042] Optionally, the processes of steps 301 to 306 include: Step 301: Based on the bus segment configuration and power supply connection relationship in the current operating mode, combined with the physical connection location information of the device to be started, the isolation boundary is defined to obtain the electrical isolation area to which the device to be started belongs.

[0043] Optionally, the decision-making device extracts the busbar segment configuration based on the current operating mode and obtains the power supply line connection relationship extracted in step 201. The busbar segment configuration refers to the number of segments of the substation busbar divided according to safety operation requirements, the connection method of each segment, and the setting and status of segment circuit breakers and disconnectors, used to determine the electrical zoning basis at the busbar level. Simultaneously, the physical connection location information of the equipment to be started is extracted from the substation physical topology. This physical connection location information refers to the specific installation location of the equipment to be started in the substation physical topology, its connection nodes with adjacent equipment, its busbar segment, and circuit number, among other precise spatial connection information.

[0044] Furthermore, during the boundary demarcation process, the decision-making device determines the bus segment to which the device to be started belongs based on the bus segment configuration, determines the power source path of the segment by combining the power supply line connection relationship, locks the connection nodes between the device to be started and the surrounding equipment based on the physical connection location information, and finally delineates a closed electrical isolation area with the operable isolation equipment as the boundary. The electrical isolation area includes the device to be started and the associated equipment that needs to be isolated and operated during the startup process.

[0045] Step 302: Based on the activation / deactivation status of the device to be started and its associated secondary devices, the protection pressure plate configuration information, and the current version of the protection settings in the initial operating state, constraint analysis is performed to obtain the integrity constraints of the device to be started before startup.

[0046] Optionally, the startup decision-making device, based on the initial operating state, extracts the activation / deactivation status of the equipment to be started and its associated secondary equipment, protection switch configuration information, and the current version of protection settings. It then verifies one by one whether the activation / deactivation status meets the preset startup requirements, whether the protection switch configuration matches the protection needs of the equipment to be started, and whether the current version of protection settings is valid and accurate. The verified standard states are then integrated into integrity constraints. Specifically, the protection switch configuration information refers to the current activation or deactivation status of various protection switches (including trip switches, closing switches, signal switches, etc.) in the associated secondary equipment. A switch being activated indicates that the corresponding protection function can be applied to the primary equipment, while deactivation indicates that the protection function is temporarily not enabled. The current version of protection settings refers to the version number, release time, and verification status of the currently loaded protection settings in the associated secondary equipment, used to ensure that the protection settings are the latest valid version and meet the startup requirements. The integrity constraints refer to the equipment status, protection configuration, and setting validity requirements that the equipment to be started must meet before startup.

[0047] Step 303: Based on the electrical isolation area between primary and secondary equipment within the startup range, construct the physical operation unit group involved in the startup operation.

[0048] Optionally, the decision-making device, based on all primary and secondary equipment extracted from the startup range, sequentially traverses all equipment within the electrical isolation area, excluding equipment outside the electrical isolation area and retaining core equipment within the electrical isolation area. Then, it groups the equipment according to the primary equipment circuit affiliation and the secondary equipment control association, classifying primary equipment (circuit breakers, disconnect switches, etc.) within the same circuit and their corresponding secondary control equipment (measurement and control devices, operating mechanisms) into a physical operating unit group. Here, a physical operating unit group refers to a collection of multiple independent operating units within the startup range and electrical isolation area, divided according to functional association and operational convenience.

[0049] Step 304: Based on the operation rule library corresponding to the substation wiring method type, and combined with the physical operation unit group, rule matching and constraint extraction are performed to obtain the operation sequence constraint group applicable to the current wiring structure.

[0050] Optionally, the decision-making device is activated to obtain a preset operation rule library corresponding to the substation wiring type. The operation rule library refers to a set of standardized operation specifications preset based on different wiring types, including rules such as the order of equipment operations, safety prohibitions, and linkage requirements under each wiring type. Then, based on the determined current substation wiring type, the corresponding operation rule library is retrieved. Each unit in the physical operation unit group is matched with the equipment type and circuit configuration in the rule library to extract the corresponding operation sequence rules. Rules irrelevant to the current unit are eliminated, and finally, these are integrated to form an operation sequence constraint group. This group ensures that subsequent operation sequences comply with the safety operation requirements of the current wiring structure. The operation sequence constraint group refers to the operation sequence requirements matched from the operation rule library that are applicable to the current wiring type and the physical operation unit group.

[0051] Step 305: Based on the operation sequence constraint group and integrity constraint conditions, the operation sequence under dual constraints is generated to obtain the preliminary action sequence of a single equipment operation.

[0052] Optionally, the decision-making device, based on the operation sequence constraint group and integrity constraints, first determines the operation sequence of each physical operation unit and equipment using the operation sequence constraint group as a framework, and then verifies whether the prerequisite state of each operation meets the requirements in conjunction with the integrity constraints. If the operation sequence does not meet the constraints, it adjusts it and supplements the state confirmation actions to form a logically coherent and dual-constraint primary equipment preliminary action sequence. The preliminary action sequence refers to a list of operation actions arranged in sequence only for primary equipment, which clearly defines the equipment and action content (closing, opening, inspection, etc.) of each operation, and does not include secondary debugging operations.

[0053] Step 306: Based on the preliminary action sequence and the physical operation unit group combined with the secondary debugging operation instructions for different startup stages, determine the startup operation steps; the secondary debugging operation instructions include the operation instruction to change the protection setting, the operation instruction to verify the phase, and the operation instruction to measure the hexagonal diagram under load.

[0054] Optionally, the start-up decision device integrates the obtained preliminary action sequence and physical operation unit group with the secondary commissioning operation instructions for different start-up stages to obtain complete start-up operation steps, specifically as in steps 3061 to 3063. The secondary commissioning operation instructions include the protection setting change operation instruction, the phase verification operation instruction, and the load hexagon diagram measurement operation instruction. The protection setting change operation instruction refers to the command to adjust the protection setting in the secondary protection device (used to adapt to load changes during the start-up stage), the phase verification operation instruction refers to the commissioning command to check whether the phase of the primary equipment is consistent (to avoid short circuits caused by phase errors), and the load hexagon diagram measurement operation instruction refers to the commissioning command to test the current phase relationship after the equipment is under load (to verify the wiring accuracy of the protection device).

[0055] The embodiments of the present invention realize the standardization and integrated generation of primary and secondary equipment operation steps, ensuring that the startup operation process complies with power grid safety specifications, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of startup step generation.

[0056] Optionally, the processes of steps 3061 to 3063 include: Step 3061: Based on the key time nodes in the preliminary action sequence and the secondary equipment configuration information in the physical operation unit group, and combined with the determination results of whether the equipment to be started belongs to the newly commissioned or protection function change object, determine the secondary debugging operation instructions for different startup stages.

[0057] Optionally, the decision-making device extracts key time nodes from the obtained preliminary action sequence and extracts secondary equipment configuration information from the obtained physical operation unit group. The key time nodes and secondary equipment configuration information are combined with the determination results of whether the equipment to be started belongs to a newly commissioned or protection function change object to finally determine the secondary commissioning operation instructions for different start-up stages. These include the operation instruction to change protection settings executed before the primary equipment is energized, the phase verification operation instruction executed after charging is completed and before load is applied, and the load measurement hexagon diagram operation instruction executed after the equipment is under actual load, as detailed in steps 30611 to 30613.

[0058] Step 3062: Based on the secondary debugging operation instructions, routine operations of secondary equipment and preliminary action sequences, time sequence fusion is performed to obtain the fused candidate startup step draft.

[0059] Optionally, the startup decision-making device obtains routine secondary equipment operations through connection with the substation management system. These routine operations refer to the basic secondary equipment operations that must be performed during startup according to the substation's safe operation specifications, including power supply activation, signal circuit checks, protection switch switching, and device self-tests. The device then integrates the obtained secondary commissioning operation instructions, preliminary action sequences, and the acquired routine secondary equipment operations in a sequential manner. During this integration, the content and execution timing of the routine secondary equipment operations are analyzed, and they are categorized according to stages, along with the secondary commissioning operation instructions. These are then inserted one by one into the preliminary action sequence. Specifically, during the pre-startup preparation stage, routine secondary equipment operations (power supply activation, self-test) are executed first, followed by the protection setting change commissioning instruction. Before primary equipment closing, a phase verification commissioning instruction is inserted; after closing, a load-bearing hexagonal diagram measurement commissioning instruction is executed. Simultaneously, routine secondary equipment signal feedback checks are supplemented, forming a draft candidate startup step that includes primary operations, routine secondary operations, and secondary commissioning operations.

[0060] Step 3063: Based on the draft candidate startup steps and the preset substation site procedures, a verification is conducted to obtain standardized startup operation steps.

[0061] Optionally, the startup decision-making device acquires preset substation field procedures. These procedures can be pre-stored in the startup decision-making device and directly retrieved in this step, or they can be obtained through the connection between the startup decision-making device and the substation management system. The substation field procedures refer to the field operation guidelines applicable to this substation, formulated in accordance with the State Grid safety operation standards, equipment operation procedures, and power industry specifications. They cover operational sequence prohibitions, equipment operation specifications, safety protection requirements, secondary equipment operation standards, and abnormal handling procedures. Subsequently, the candidate startup steps are reviewed against the substation field procedures to obtain standardized startup operation steps that have passed the review, as detailed in steps 30631 to 30634.

[0062] This invention, through multi-dimensional information fusion and standardized verification, forms standardized startup operation steps adapted to substation sites, achieving precise fusion of primary and secondary operations in terms of timing, taking into account equipment attributes, on-site procedures and safety specifications, and ensuring the standardization, logic and safety of startup operations.

[0063] Optionally, the processes of steps 30611 to 30613 include: Step 30611: Based on the nodes before the first closing operation of the primary equipment in the preliminary action sequence, and in combination with the physical operation unit group and integrity constraints, determine whether the equipment to be started belongs to a newly commissioned or set value change object. If it is determined to be one, then based on the corresponding protection device name, device model and set value management requirements in the physical operation unit group, and in combination with the preset set value modification instruction template library, perform adaptation template matching to obtain the change protection set value operation instruction to be executed before the primary equipment is energized.

[0064] Optionally, the start-up decision-making device extracts the node preceding the first closing operation of one of the primary devices based on the preliminary action sequence. This node refers to the time point preceding the earliest closing operation node among all primary device closing operations (including circuit breaker and disconnector closing) in the preliminary action sequence. This time point is used to define the execution window for the protection setting change operation command, ensuring that the command is completed before the primary device is energized. Simultaneously, the start-up decision-making device, in conjunction with the physical operation unit group and integrity constraints, determines whether the device to be started is a newly commissioned or setting-change object, obtaining a first judgment result. The setting-change object refers to equipment whose protection settings have recently been adjusted, updated, or replaced, and which has not yet undergone energization verification.

[0065] During the decision-making process, the activation decision-making device connects with the substation management system to retrieve the substation equipment ledger, maintenance records, and setting change records. Combining the current version requirements of protection settings in the integrity constraints, it comprehensively determines the attributes of the equipment to be activated. If the equipment ledger shows that it is newly connected to the network and has no operation records, or if the maintenance records and setting change records show that there have been recent setting adjustments that have not been verified, it is determined to be a newly commissioned or set change object; otherwise, it is determined not to be one.

[0066] Furthermore, when the initial judgment result obtained by the activation decision device is "yes," the corresponding protection device name, device model, and setting management requirements are extracted from the physical operation unit group. The setting management requirements refer to the standardized management specifications formulated by the substation for protection settings, including setting modification authority, modification process, review requirements, and temporary setting validity period. Then, a pre-set setting modification instruction template library is retrieved for template matching. After matching, the activation decision device fills in the template parameters and generates a change protection setting operation instruction to be executed before the primary equipment is energized. This change protection setting operation instruction includes the corresponding protection device, target setting, modification order, and review requirements. The setting modification instruction template library refers to a pre-stored set of standardized setting modification instruction templates categorized by different protection device models and setting types. These templates are pre-stored in the activation decision device or the substation management system. If they exist in the substation management system, the activation decision device retrieves them through a connection with the substation management system. Each template includes the instruction format, execution parameters, and verification nodes.

[0067] Step 30612: Based on the time window node in the preliminary action sequence where the primary equipment has completed charging but has not yet been connected to the load, and combined with the physical operation unit group, determine whether there are any newly commissioned lines, busbars or transformers. If they are determined to exist, then based on the voltage transformer installation location, synchronizing device connection point and system wiring diagram topology in the physical operation unit group, and combined with the pre-set phase verification operation template library, perform phase verification process matching to obtain the phase verification operation instruction to be executed after charging is completed and before load is applied.

[0068] Optionally, the decision-making device extracts a time window node from the preliminary action sequence where primary equipment has completed charging but has not yet been connected to the load. This time window node refers to the period during which primary equipment (busbars, lines, transformers, etc.) is energized but not connected to downstream loads; at this time, the equipment is in an unloaded energized state. Simultaneously, based on the retrieved physical operation unit group, a second judgment is made regarding the existence of newly commissioned lines, buses, or transformers. A newly commissioned line refers to a line that is connected to the grid for the first time and has not participated in formal load transmission; a newly commissioned busbar refers to a newly built or renovated busbar that is energized for the first time; and a newly commissioned transformer refers to a transformer that is connected to the grid for the first time and is undergoing trial operation without load.

[0069] In the process of obtaining the second judgment result, the decision-making device retrieves the substation engineering data, equipment ledgers and operation records to check whether the lines, busbars and transformers included in the physical operation unit group are newly commissioned. If the equipment has no historical energized operation record and the corresponding project is a new construction or expansion project, it is determined that there is newly commissioned equipment; otherwise, it is determined that there is no such equipment.

[0070] Furthermore, when the decision-making device detects the existence of the second judgment result, it first extracts the voltage transformer installation location, synchronizing device connection point, and system wiring diagram topology from the physical operation unit group. The voltage transformer installation location refers to the specific installation node of the voltage transformer in the primary system (e.g., bus side, line side, transformer outlet side); the synchronizing device connection point refers to the connection node between the synchronizing device and the primary equipment and secondary measurement and control device; the system wiring diagram topology refers to the complete connection relationship and layout of the primary equipment. Then, it retrieves a pre-set phase verification operation template library for phase verification process matching. After matching, it obtains the phase verification operation instruction to be executed after charging and before load application. The phase verification operation instruction includes the phase verification range, detection points, operation process, and qualification standards. The phase verification operation template library and the setting modification instruction template library are stored and retrieved in the same way, and refer to a pre-stored set of standardized phase verification operation templates classified according to different equipment types (lines, busbars, transformers) and wiring methods, containing phase verification steps, detection points, judgment standards, etc.

[0071] Step 30613: Based on the nodes of primary equipment that have been confirmed to be connected to stable loads in the preliminary action sequence, and in conjunction with the physical operation unit group, determine whether new equipment commissioning involves differential protection, directional protection, or synchronization functions. If it is determined that it involves, then based on the current transformer, voltage transformer ratio, protection device sampling circuit number, and minimum load requirement in the physical operation unit group, and in conjunction with the preset hexagonal diagram test template library, perform test scheme matching to obtain the load test hexagonal diagram operation instruction to be executed after the equipment is under actual load.

[0072] Optionally, the decision-making device extracts a node from the preliminary action sequence where a primary device has been confirmed to be connected to a stable load. This node refers to the point in time after the primary device is energized, the downstream load connection is completed, and the operating status is stable (voltage and current parameter fluctuations are within allowable ranges). Simultaneously, the device combines the retrieved physical operation unit group to determine whether new equipment involving differential protection, directional protection, or synchronization functions is being put into operation, resulting in a third judgment. Differential protection refers to the protection function that clears faults based on the current difference between the two sides of the protected equipment; directional protection refers to the protection function that determines whether to activate based on the direction of the fault current; and synchronization function refers to the function that matches the phase, frequency, and voltage of the generator or line to be connected with the system.

[0073] During the judgment process of obtaining the third judgment result, the decision-making device retrieves the functional configuration information and equipment ledger of the secondary equipment in the physical operation unit group to check whether the newly commissioned equipment is equipped with the above three types of functions. If the protection device configuration list includes differential protection and directional protection modules, or if the equipment has synchronous grid connection function and is being commissioned for the first time, it is determined to be involved; otherwise, it is determined not to be involved.

[0074] Furthermore, when the decision-making device receives the third judgment result indicating involvement, it first extracts the current transformer ratio, voltage transformer ratio, protection device sampling circuit number, and minimum load requirement from the physical operation unit group. Here, the current transformer ratio refers to the ratio of the primary current to the secondary current of the current transformer; the voltage transformer ratio refers to the ratio of the primary voltage to the secondary voltage of the voltage transformer; the protection device sampling circuit number refers to the circuit identifier for the protection device to collect current and voltage signals, used to locate the sampling channel; and the minimum load requirement refers to the minimum load threshold that ensures the accuracy of the test data. Then, the test scheme is matched with the preset hexagonal diagram test template library. After the matching is completed, the load test hexagonal diagram operation instruction is obtained after the equipment is under actual load. The load test hexagonal diagram operation instruction includes test parameters, sampling channels, load requirements and acceptance criteria. The hexagonal diagram test template library is stored and retrieved in the same way as the setting modification instruction template library. It refers to a set of standardized hexagonal diagram test templates that are stored in advance and classified according to different protection types and equipment types. It includes test wiring, data acquisition, graphic drawing, judgment criteria and other contents.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present invention, precise judgments are respectively made on newly commissioned / setting-changed objects, newly commissioned lines / busbars / transformers, and new devices with specific protection functions at three key nodes before the first closing of primary equipment, after no-load power-on, and after stable load-carrying, so as to ensure that the secondary commissioning instructions are highly adapted to the equipment type and startup stage, avoid commissioning redundancy or lack of key tests, and improve the accuracy, pertinence, and efficiency of the generation of secondary commissioning operation instructions.

[0076] Optionally, the process from step 30631 to step 30634 includes: Step 30631: Based on the equipment type, operation type, and operation timing position corresponding to each primary equipment operation in the candidate startup step draft, combined with the safety interlock conditions for primary equipment operations in the substation site regulations, perform compliance verification to obtain the first verification result of the primary equipment operation.

[0077] Optionally, the startup decision device extracts the equipment type, operation type, and operation timing position corresponding to each primary equipment operation from the candidate startup step draft. Here, the equipment type refers to the specific category of primary equipment, including circuit breakers, disconnectors, busbars, transformers, cables, overhead lines, etc.; the operation type refers to the specific actions performed on the primary equipment, including closing, opening, inspection, grounding, unlocking, etc.; the operation timing position refers to the step number and the adjacent operation content before and after of this primary equipment operation in the candidate startup step draft. At the same time, extract the safety interlock conditions for primary equipment operations in the substation site regulations. Here, the safety interlock conditions refer to the mandatory safety constraint conditions set in the substation site regulations for different types of primary equipment and different operation types, which are used to prevent equipment failures or power grid accidents caused by misoperations, including equipment status interlocks (such as disconnectors can only be operated when the corresponding circuit breaker is in the open state), timing interlocks (such as closing operations need to be performed after the status inspection is completed), position interlocks (such as it is prohibited to close the corresponding circuit when the grounding switch is put in), authority interlocks (such as key operations require double-person guardianship), etc.

[0078] The startup decision device verifies each primary equipment operation one by one according to the above-extracted data, that is, judges the matching of the equipment type and operation type, whether the operation timing position conforms to the sequence logic, and whether the operation meets the corresponding safety interlock conditions. If all are met, it is judged as qualified; if there is one item that does not meet, it is judged as unqualified, and mark the reason for non-compliance and the corresponding regulation clauses. Finally, integrate the verification results of all primary equipment operations to form the first verification result. Here, the first verification result refers to a verification report including the compliance judgment of each primary equipment operation, the details and reasons of unqualified items.

[0079] Step 30632: Based on the name of the protection device associated with each secondary equipment operation in the candidate startup step draft, the operation content and execution timing, and in conjunction with the technical specifications for relay protection commissioning and decommissioning and setting management in the substation field regulations, a compliance verification is performed to obtain the second verification result of the secondary equipment operation.

[0080] Optionally, the decision-making device extracts the name of the protection device associated with each secondary equipment operation, the operation content, and the execution timing from the candidate startup steps draft. The associated protection device name refers to the full name of the specific relay protection device targeted by the secondary equipment operation, used to identify the operation object; the operation content refers to the specific actions performed on the secondary equipment, including power supply, device self-test, protection setting modification, protection pressure plate activation / deactivation, phase verification, load hexagonal diagram measurement, signal circuit check, etc.; the execution timing refers to the timing position of the secondary equipment operation in the candidate startup steps draft and the corresponding primary equipment operation stage. Simultaneously, based on the substation site regulations, the technical specifications for relay protection commissioning and setting management were extracted. These specifications refer to the specific guidelines for the operation of secondary protection devices in the substation site regulations, including protection device commissioning and decommissioning procedures, setting modification and verification requirements, protection pressure plate operation specifications, commissioning operation timing standards, data acquisition and recording requirements, etc. For example, setting modifications require double verification, verification should be performed after the primary equipment is energized under no-load conditions, and protection pressure plate commissioning and decommissioning must match the equipment operating status.

[0081] The decision-making device, based on the extracted names of protection devices associated with each secondary equipment operation, the operation content, and the execution timing, and in conjunction with the extracted technical specifications for relay protection activation / deactivation and setting management, checks each secondary equipment operation one by one. This involves determining the compatibility between the protection device name and the operation content, whether the execution timing complies with the regulations, and whether the operation content follows the relay protection activation / deactivation and setting management specifications. If all are compliant, the operation is deemed qualified. If any non-compliance exists, the reasons for non-compliance, the corresponding regulations, and the direction for rectification are noted. The verification results of all secondary equipment operations are integrated to obtain a second verification result. The second verification result includes a verification report for each secondary equipment operation, including compliance determination, details of non-compliance, reasons, and rectification directions.

[0082] Step 30633: Based on the first and second verification results, identify operational conflicts in the candidate startup step draft to obtain conflicting operation items, and modify the conflicting operation items based on the priority rules in the substation field regulations to obtain the modified startup step sequence.

[0083] Optionally, the decision-making device identifies operational conflicts in the candidate startup step draft based on the first and second verification results. This involves comparing the first and second verification results with the timing logic of the candidate startup step draft to identify timing, condition, and logical conflicts between primary and secondary equipment operations, as well as between different secondary equipment operations. Conflicting operation items are identified, such as overlapping timing of secondary debugging and primary closing operations in timing conflicts, primary equipment operations meeting interlocking conditions but conflicting with secondary equipment states in condition conflicts, and operations violating the "secondary priority over primary" principle in logical conflicts. A conflicting operation item refers to an operation that has been identified as having the aforementioned conflicts or failing a single verification and affecting the overall process compliance, including the non-compliant operation itself and related operations affected by it.

[0084] Furthermore, the decision-making device retrieves the priority rules from the substation's on-site procedures to correct the conflicting operation items. Specifically, for each conflicting operation item, a correction plan is developed based on the priority rules. For single non-compliant items, missing operations are supplemented (e.g., supplementing setting value verification); for timing conflicts, the operation sequence is adjusted; and for conditional conflicts, the operation prerequisites are corrected. After correction, the conflict is re-verified to ensure it is eliminated, until all conflicting operation items meet the priority rules and procedure requirements, resulting in a corrected startup step sequence. This corrected startup step sequence refers to a list of operation steps that eliminate all conflicts and non-compliant items, have coherent timing logic, and meet safety and compliance requirements. The priority rules in the substation's on-site procedures define the priorities of operational compliance, safety, and process coherence, serving as the decision-making basis for conflict correction. The priorities, from highest to lowest, are: safety compliance priority (meeting safety interlocking conditions and protection specifications), process logic priority (following the logic of "secondary priority over primary, check before operation"), and operational coherence priority (ensuring smooth and non-redundant operation timing).

[0085] Step 30634: Based on the startup step sequence, the operation ticket format, terminology standards and risk warning embedding requirements in the substation site regulations are standardized to obtain standardized startup operation steps.

[0086] Optionally, the decision-making device can retrieve the operation ticket format, terminology standards, and risk warning embedding requirements from the substation site procedures. The operation ticket format refers to the written presentation format of the startup operation steps stipulated in the substation site procedures, including fixed modules such as operation number, operation content, target, execution conditions, executor, monitoring personnel, and operation time, to ensure that the operation steps can be directly used to fill out the site operation ticket. The terminology standards refer to the standardized professional terms such as equipment names, operation actions, and status descriptions, prohibiting the use of colloquial and vague expressions, to ensure that operation instructions are clear and unambiguous. The risk warning embedding requirements refer to the rules stipulated in the procedures that risk warnings must be embedded before or at the corresponding position of high-risk operation steps, including risk points (such as overcurrent risk during closing operations), prevention and control measures (such as close monitoring of current parameters), and emergency response (such as immediate tripping in case of abnormalities).

[0087] The startup decision-making device standardizes the startup step sequence based on the operation ticket format, terminology standards, and risk warning embedding requirements retrieved from the substation site regulations. This includes formatting adjustments, where the revised startup step sequence is broken down into modules according to the operation ticket format, and fixed column identifications are added to ensure format compliance; terminology standardization, where non-standard terms in the steps are replaced with standardized terms from the regulations, clearly defining the operation objects and action descriptions, and eliminating ambiguous expressions; risk warning embedding, where high-risk operation steps (such as closing and setting modification) are identified, and corresponding risk warning content is embedded as required; and completeness verification, confirming that all steps comply with the format, terminology, and risk warning requirements, with no omissions or redundancies, resulting in standardized startup operation steps.

[0088] This invention, through the classification and verification of primary and secondary equipment, focuses on the safety interlocking conditions of primary equipment and the relay protection setting management specifications of secondary equipment, thereby achieving accurate verification of operational compliance, avoiding risk omissions caused by single verification, accurately eliminating potential conflicts between primary and secondary operations, and ensuring logical consistency and safety priority in the operation process.

[0089] Optionally, the processes of steps 401 to 404 include: Step 401: Based on the specific equipment name and installation location corresponding to the primary equipment operation steps in the startup operation steps, and combined with the rated voltage, rated current, breaking capacity and mechanical operating characteristics of the corresponding primary equipment in the equipment parameters, a matching analysis is performed to obtain the technical description of the primary equipment operation.

[0090] Optionally, the start-up decision device extracts the specific equipment name and installation location corresponding to the primary equipment operation steps according to the start-up operation steps. At the same time, it extracts the rated voltage, rated current, breaking capacity, and mechanical operating characteristics of the primary equipment according to the equipment parameters. The breaking capacity refers to the maximum short-circuit current value that the circuit breaker or other equipment can safely break. The mechanical operating characteristics refer to the mechanical performance parameters of the primary equipment when performing closing, opening, and other actions, including closing and opening time, operating torque, and operational reliability.

[0091] During the matching and analysis process of the extracted data by the decision-making device, a mapping between primary equipment operation steps and equipment parameters is first constructed. A unique corresponding equipment parameter is identified by the specific equipment name and installation location. Then, combined with the operation type of the step (e.g., closing, opening, inspection, etc.), the equipment parameters are bound and analyzed with the operation action. Specifically, for closing operations, the operational constraints corresponding to rated voltage and rated current are emphasized, clarifying the upper limit of the load the equipment must withstand after the operation. For opening operations, breaking capacity parameters are supplemented, and operational prohibitions under short-circuit conditions are highlighted. For all mechanical operations, the key points corresponding to the mechanical operation characteristics are marked, such as the opening and closing time requirements and the key points of mechanical condition checks before the action. Finally, the analyzed content is integrated to obtain technical specifications. These specifications must accurately correspond to each primary equipment operation step to determine the technical basis, parameter constraints, and operating procedures, providing precise technical guidance for on-site personnel.

[0092] Step 402: Based on the protection device model and its configuration function associated with the secondary equipment operation steps in the startup operation steps, and combined with the project commissioning scope, wiring change content and protection configuration adjustment records in the project overview, semantic association is performed to obtain the project background description of the secondary equipment operation.

[0093] Optionally, the startup decision-making device extracts the protection device model and its configuration function associated with the secondary equipment operation steps according to the startup operation steps. The protection device model refers to the specific model of the relay protection device, measurement and control device, etc., targeted in the secondary equipment operation steps. The configuration function refers to the specific protection and measurement and control functions possessed by the protection device, such as overcurrent protection, instantaneous overcurrent protection, phase comparison function, data acquisition function, etc. Simultaneously, based on the project overview, it extracts the project commissioning scope, wiring change content, and protection configuration adjustment records. The project commissioning scope refers to the equipment, circuits, and area covered by the project corresponding to this startup, used to clarify the project scenario corresponding to the secondary equipment operation. Wiring change content refers to the adjustments, additions, or modifications made to the secondary circuit wiring during project implementation, including changes to signal circuits, control circuits, and sampling circuits. Protection configuration adjustment records refer to records of modifications made to the function activation / deactivation, setting adjustment, and pressure plate configuration of the secondary protection devices during the project, and must indicate the adjustment time, adjustment content, and adjustment basis.

[0094] During the semantic association process of the decision-making device based on the extracted data, the association between secondary equipment operation and project overview is first established through the protection device model. Then, the adaptability of the operation to the project commissioning scope is analyzed in conjunction with the configuration function to clarify the corresponding engineering steps. Next, by analyzing the wiring change content and protection configuration adjustment records, the engineering motivation for the secondary equipment operation is revealed, such as the need to re-perform phase verification due to wiring changes or the need to verify the validity of settings due to protection configuration adjustments. Finally, the analyzed content is integrated to obtain the project background description, which must also correspond to each secondary equipment operation step, clarifying the engineering scenario, motivation, and associated engineering change information.

[0095] Step 403: Based on each operation node in the startup operation steps, risk identification is performed to obtain key nodes, and the key nodes are matched with the scenario tags in the risk warning materials to obtain the risk warning slogans corresponding to each key node.

[0096] Optionally, the startup decision-making device performs risk identification based on each operational node in the startup operation steps. That is, based on the substation's safe operation experience and equipment operation risk database, it judges the potential risks such as equipment failure, personal safety, and power grid disturbances at each operational node. It prioritizes marking high-risk operational nodes such as closing, opening, setting modification, and phase verification, while also considering key connection nodes in the operation sequence, thereby screening out critical nodes. Here, an operational node refers to each independent operation in the startup operation steps, including all actions and inspection steps of primary and secondary equipment; a critical node refers to an operational node that, after risk identification, has a high risk and plays a decisive role in the safety of the startup process, including primary equipment closing and power supply, secondary equipment setting modification, phase verification, and load testing.

[0097] Furthermore, the decision-making device, based on the selected key nodes, synchronously retrieves scenario tags from the risk warning materials. These scenario tags are classification identifiers set for various risk scenarios in the risk warning materials. Each tag corresponds to a specific operational scenario and associated risk; for example, the "circuit breaker closing" tag corresponds to overcurrent and short-circuit risks, while the "setting value modification" tag corresponds to setting value errors and review omissions. The operation type and equipment type of each key node are mapped to the corresponding scenario tag. The associated risk points and control measures are then retrieved and refined into concise and precise risk warning slogans. These slogans must clearly state the risk points and core control requirements.

[0098] Step 404: Based on the technical description, engineering background description, and risk warning slogans, and combined with the preset standardized startup plan template, fill in the startup steps one by one to obtain the standardized intelligent startup plan.

[0099] Optionally, the decision-making device, based on the technical specifications, project background information, and risk warning slogans, retrieves a pre-set standardized startup plan template and fills in the startup steps item by item. That is, according to the module requirements of the standardized template, the three types of content are precisely bound to the startup operation steps: under each operation step, the corresponding technical specifications (clarifying technical parameters and key operational points), project background information (clarifying project-related information), and risk warning slogans (clarifying risks and prevention requirements) are simultaneously filled in; for fixed modules in the template (such as operation purpose and operation scope), the device automatically extracts and fills in the startup task objectives, startup scope, and other prerequisite data; after filling, Format verification and content integrity checks are conducted to ensure that the content of each module is coherent, the terminology is consistent, the format is standardized, and there are no omissions or logical conflicts. The final result is a standardized intelligent startup plan that can directly guide on-site operations and meets archiving requirements. The preset standardized startup plan template refers to a fixed format template formulated according to the substation startup plan preparation specifications. It includes fixed modules such as operation purpose, operation scope, operation steps (including operation content, technical description, engineering background, risk warning), emergency measures, and post-operation acceptance. The arrangement order, terminology, and content requirements of each module in the template all comply with power grid industry standards and are stored in the startup decision-making device or substation management system.

[0100] This invention, through matching and analysis of primary equipment operations and technical parameters, avoids missing or inaccurate technical descriptions; through semantic association between secondary equipment operations and project overview, it improves the engineering adaptability of the solution; and through risk identification of key nodes and matching of scene tags, it achieves accurate embedding of risk warnings, ensuring that the solution format is standardized and the content is complete.

[0101] Furthermore, the substation intelligent start-up decision device provided by the present invention will be described below. The substation intelligent start-up decision device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the substation intelligent start-up decision method described above.

[0102] Optional, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the substation intelligent start-up decision device provided by the present invention. The substation intelligent start-up decision device includes: The operation mode and status identification module 210 is used to determine the current operation mode of the substation based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment of the substation, and to determine the initial operation status of the equipment to be started based on the operation status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment of the substation. The startup scope definition module 220 is used to determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state. The operation step generation module 230 is used to perform comprehensive analysis and judgment based on the current operating mode, initial operating status and start-up range, combined with the substation wiring type, to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; The startup plan preparation module 240 is used to prepare a standardized intelligent startup plan based on the startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview and risk warning information.

[0103] This invention, through its embodiments, accurately determines the current operating mode of the substation and the initial operating state of the equipment to be started by considering the physical connection relationships and equipment location status of the primary equipment in the substation, as well as the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment. This replaces the method of manually entering some equipment status information in existing methods. Based on this accurately determined data, the scope of the current startup operation is clearly defined, enabling automatic screening of startup-related equipment and avoiding the problems of omissions or expansions that can easily occur with manual screening. Furthermore, based on the current operating mode, initial operating state, and startup scope, combined with a comprehensive analysis of the substation wiring method, a complete startup process including primary and secondary equipment operation steps is obtained. No manual supplementation of secondary operation steps is required, allowing for flexible adaptation to different operating modes and sudden startup tasks. Finally, based on the complete startup operation steps, combined with equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup plan is compiled. The entire process requires no manual adjustment of parameters or modification of operation suggestions, adapting to scenarios such as sudden startup tasks and changes in power grid operating modes, and can quickly respond to actual work needs. This achieves intelligent and standardized startup plan compilation, meeting the current requirements of the power grid for the standardization, accuracy, and efficiency of startup plans.

[0104] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3An embodiment diagram of an electronic device provided in accordance with the present invention. For example... Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an electronic device 300, including a memory 310, a processor 320, and a computer program 311 stored in the memory 310 and executable on the processor 320. When the processor 320 executes the computer program 311, it performs the following steps: Based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment in the substation, the current operating mode of the substation is determined, and based on the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment in the substation, the initial operating status of the equipment to be started is determined. Based on the current operating mode and initial operating state, determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation; Based on the current operating mode, initial operating status, and start-up scope, and combined with the substation's wiring type, a comprehensive analysis and judgment are made to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; Based on the startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup solution is developed.

[0105] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 An embodiment diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium 400 on which a computer program 311 is stored. When the computer program 311 is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps: Based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment in the substation, the current operating mode of the substation is determined, and based on the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment in the substation, the initial operating status of the equipment to be started is determined. Based on the current operating mode and initial operating state, determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation; Based on the current operating mode, initial operating status, and start-up scope, and combined with the substation's wiring type, a comprehensive analysis and judgment are made to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; Based on the startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup solution is developed.

[0106] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the substation intelligent start-up decision method provided by the above methods, the method including: Based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment in the substation, the current operating mode of the substation is determined, and based on the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment in the substation, the initial operating status of the equipment to be started is determined. Based on the current operating mode and initial operating state, determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation; Based on the current operating mode, initial operating status, and start-up scope, and combined with the substation's wiring type, a comprehensive analysis and judgment are made to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; Based on the startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup solution is developed.

[0107] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0108] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0109] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substation intelligent start-up decision-making method, characterized in that, include: Based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment in the substation, the current operating mode of the substation is determined, and based on the operating status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment in the substation, the initial operating status of the equipment to be started is determined. Based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state, determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation; Based on the current operating mode, the initial operating state, and the start-up range, and combined with the substation's wiring type, a comprehensive analysis and judgment are performed to obtain the start-up operation steps; the start-up operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; Based on the aforementioned startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, a standardized intelligent startup solution is developed.

2. The intelligent start-up decision method for substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the current operating mode, the initial operating state, and the start-up range, and combined with the substation's wiring type, a comprehensive analysis and judgment are performed to obtain the start-up operation steps, including: Based on the bus segment configuration and power supply connection relationship in the current operating mode, combined with the physical connection location information of the device to be started, the isolation boundary is defined to obtain the electrical isolation area to which the device to be started belongs; Based on the activation / deactivation status of the device to be started and its associated secondary devices, the protection pressure plate configuration information, and the current version of the protection settings in the initial operating state, constraint analysis is performed to obtain the integrity constraints of the device to be started before startup. Based on the primary and secondary devices within the startup range, combined with the electrical isolation area, a group of physical operation units involved in the startup operation is constructed. Based on the operation rule base corresponding to the wiring method type of the substation, the operation unit group is combined with the rule matching and constraint extraction to obtain the operation sequence constraint group applicable to the current wiring structure; Based on the operation sequence constraint group and the integrity constraint condition, an operation sequence under dual constraints is generated to obtain a preliminary action sequence for a single equipment operation. Based on the preliminary action sequence and the physical operation unit group, combined with the secondary debugging operation instructions for different startup stages, the startup operation steps are determined; the secondary debugging operation instructions include the protection setting change operation instruction, the phase verification operation instruction, and the load hexagon diagram measurement operation instruction.

3. The intelligent start-up decision method for substations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the startup operation steps based on the initial action sequence and the physical operation unit group combined with secondary debugging operation instructions for different startup stages includes: Based on the key time nodes in the preliminary action sequence and the secondary equipment configuration information in the physical operation unit group, combined with the determination result of whether the equipment to be started belongs to the newly commissioned or protection function change object, the secondary debugging operation instructions for different startup stages are determined. Based on the timing fusion of the secondary debugging operation instructions, the routine operation of the secondary equipment, and the preliminary action sequence, a draft of the fused candidate startup steps is obtained; Based on the candidate startup procedure draft and the preset substation site procedures, the standardized startup operation procedure is obtained through verification.

4. The intelligent start-up decision method for substations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The secondary debugging operation instructions for determining different startup stages include: Based on the nodes before the first closing operation of the primary equipment in the preliminary action sequence, combined with the physical operation unit group and the integrity constraints, it is determined whether the equipment to be started belongs to the newly commissioned or the setting change object. If it is determined to be, the corresponding protection device name, device model and setting management requirements in the physical operation unit group are combined with the preset setting modification instruction template library to perform adaptation template matching, so as to obtain the protection setting change operation instruction to be executed before the primary equipment is energized. Based on the time window node in the preliminary action sequence where the primary equipment has completed charging but has not yet been connected to the load, and in conjunction with the physical operation unit group, it is determined whether there are any newly commissioned lines, busbars or transformers. If it is determined that there are, then based on the voltage transformer installation location, synchronizing device connection point and system wiring diagram topology in the physical operation unit group, and in conjunction with the pre-set phase verification operation template library, the phase verification process is matched to obtain the phase verification operation instruction to be executed after charging is completed and before the load is connected. Based on the nodes of the primary equipment that have been confirmed to be connected to stable loads in the preliminary action sequence, and in conjunction with the physical operation unit group, it is determined whether new equipment commissioning involves differential protection, directional protection, or synchronization functions. If it is determined that it involves these functions, then based on the current transformer, voltage transformer ratio, protection device sampling circuit number, and minimum load requirement in the physical operation unit group, and in conjunction with the preset hexagonal diagram test template library, a test scheme is matched to obtain the load test hexagonal diagram operation instruction to be executed after the equipment is under actual load.

5. The intelligent start-up decision method for substations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The standardized startup operation steps are obtained by verifying the draft candidate startup steps in conjunction with the preset substation site procedures, including: Based on the equipment type, operation type, and operation sequence position corresponding to each primary equipment operation in the candidate startup step draft, and combined with the safety interlocking conditions of the primary equipment operation in the substation field regulations, compliance verification is performed to obtain the first verification result of the primary equipment operation. Based on the name of the protection device associated with each secondary equipment operation in the candidate startup step draft, the operation content and execution timing are combined with the technical specifications for relay protection activation / deactivation and setting management in the substation field regulations to conduct compliance verification, and obtain the second verification result of the secondary equipment operation. Based on the first verification result and the second verification result, the candidate start-up step draft is subjected to operation conflict identification to obtain conflicting operation items, and the conflicting operation items are modified based on the priority rules in the substation field procedure to obtain the modified start-up step sequence. The startup operation steps are standardized by combining the startup step sequence with the operation ticket format, terminology standards, and risk warning embedding requirements in the substation field procedures.

6. The intelligent start-up decision method for substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the startup scope involved in the current startup operation based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state includes: Based on the busbar segment structure, power supply line connection relationship and actual position status of the grounding switch in the current operating mode, determine the electrical connection path group of the equipment to be started in the primary system; Based on the activation / deactivation status of the device to be started and its associated secondary devices, the activation status of protection functions, and the connectivity of signal circuits in the initial operating state, the functionally dependent device group of the device to be started in the secondary system is determined. Based on the electrical connection path group and the functional dependent device group, the adjacent devices affected during startup are identified to obtain the device identification results. Based on the device identification results and the current startup scenario of the substation, a preliminary list of devices affected by startup in the current scenario is determined. The startup range is obtained by filtering based on the preliminary list of equipment affected by startup and the preset substation startup operation boundary division rules.

7. The intelligent start-up decision method for substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized intelligent startup scheme is developed by combining the startup operation steps with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information, including: Based on the specific equipment name and installation location corresponding to the primary equipment operation steps in the startup operation steps, and combined with the rated voltage, rated current, breaking capacity and mechanical operation characteristics of the corresponding primary equipment in the equipment parameters, a matching analysis is performed to obtain the technical description of the primary equipment operation. Based on the protection device model and its configuration function associated with the secondary equipment operation steps in the startup operation steps, and combined with the project commissioning scope, wiring change content and protection configuration adjustment records in the project overview, semantic association is performed to obtain the project background description of the secondary equipment operation. Risk identification is performed on each operation node in the startup operation steps to obtain key nodes, and the key nodes are matched with the scenario tags in the risk warning materials to obtain the risk warning slogans corresponding to each key node. Based on the technical description, the engineering background description, and the risk warning slogans, the standardized startup plan is obtained by filling in each step of the startup process using a pre-set standardized startup plan template.

8. A substation intelligent start-up decision device, characterized in that, Applied to the substation intelligent start-up decision method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The substation intelligent start-up decision-making device includes: The operation mode and status identification module is used to determine the current operation mode of the substation based on the physical topology and equipment location status information of the primary equipment of the substation, and to determine the initial operation status of the equipment to be started based on the operation status of the primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment of the substation. The startup scope definition module is used to determine the startup scope involved in the current startup operation based on the current operating mode and the initial operating state. The operation step generation module is used to perform a comprehensive analysis and judgment based on the current operating mode, the initial operating state, and the starting range, combined with the substation's wiring method type, to obtain the starting operation steps; the starting operation steps include primary equipment operation steps and secondary equipment operation steps; The startup plan preparation module is used to prepare a standardized intelligent startup plan based on the startup operation steps, combined with startup-related equipment parameters, project overview, and risk warning information.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer software programs; A processor is configured to read and execute the computer software program, wherein when the processor executes the computer software program, it implements the substation intelligent start-up decision method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer software program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the substation intelligent start-up decision method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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