A method and system for accurately sensing dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite material
By pre-embedding fiber grating detection units in carbon fiber composite materials and constructing a stress-coupled mechanical model, the problem of signal attenuation under low-speed impact loads was solved, and accurate dynamic strain sensing of carbon fiber composite materials was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG UNIV SHENZHEN RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-22
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to effectively acquire low-velocity impact load signals, especially in carbon fiber composites, where severe signal attenuation makes it difficult to locate and identify low-velocity impact loads and damage.
Fiber Bragg grating detection units are pre-embedded at different locations on carbon fiber composite materials. By establishing a mechanical model of stress coupling between fiber Bragg gratings and carbon fiber composite materials, and considering the chirping effect and temperature influence of fiber Bragg gratings, a three-dimensional model is constructed to accurately sense strain signals.
It enables precise location and damage identification of low-velocity impact loads, improving the accuracy of strain sensing and model construction.
Smart Images
Figure CN122072153A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of strain sensing technology, specifically relating to a method and system for accurate dynamic strain sensing of carbon fiber composite materials. Background Technology
[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
[0003] Carbon fiber composite materials are widely used in industries such as aircraft, automobiles, and ships. These fields all require timely and effective location and rapid damage identification of low-speed impact loads.
[0004] However, the signal of low-speed impact load is weak, and the signal is further attenuated as the impact stress wave passes through multiple layers of carbon fiber materials in different directions, making it difficult for conventional sensing technology to effectively acquire the signal of low-speed impact load. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a method and system for accurate dynamic strain sensing of carbon fiber composite materials. This invention can achieve low-speed impact load location and damage identification.
[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A method for accurately sensing the dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite materials includes the following steps:
[0008] A set of fiber optic grating detection units are pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material, and the fiber optic grating detection units are numbered.
[0009] Acquire the strain signals of carbon fiber composite materials collected by each fiber Bragg grating detection unit;
[0010] Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.
[0011] As an alternative implementation, the fiber Bragg grating detection units are pre-calibrated, and each fiber Bragg grating detection unit is arranged at equal intervals.
[0012] As an alternative implementation, at least one set of fiber optic grating detection units is used to detect the temperature signal of the carbon fiber composite material.
[0013] As an alternative implementation, the process of establishing a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material, based on the strain signal and considering the chirp effect of the fiber grating, includes:
[0014] Establish a three-dimensional model of carbon fiber composite material;
[0015] The strain signal is decomposed to obtain the characteristic quantities of the impact signal at each corresponding position;
[0016] The characteristic quantities are assigned to the corresponding positions in the three-dimensional model of the carbon fiber composite material to form a mechanical model.
[0017] As an alternative implementation, when establishing the mechanical model, the temperature of the carbon fiber composite material and the chirp effect of the fiber grating are considered, the characteristic quantities are reconstructed, and the mechanical model is established based on the reconstructed characteristic quantities.
[0018] A precise dynamic strain sensing system for carbon fiber composite materials, comprising:
[0019] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material collected by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations in the carbon fiber composite material.
[0020] The mechanical model construction module is used to establish a mechanical model of stress coupling between fiber optic grating and carbon fiber composite material, based on the strain signal and considering the chirping effect of fiber optic grating.
[0021] As an alternative implementation, the system further includes an optical fiber coupler and a fiber optic grating demodulator. The optical fiber coupler is connected to each fiber optic grating detection unit, and the optical fiber coupler is also connected to the fiber optic grating demodulator, which is connected to a processor.
[0022] As an alternative implementation, the mechanical model building module is mounted on the processor.
[0023] A computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, perform the following steps:
[0024] The strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material were acquired by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material.
[0025] Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.
[0026] An electronic device includes a memory and a processor, as well as computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the steps in the method described above:
[0027] The strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material were acquired by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material.
[0028] Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0030] This invention constructs a three-dimensional model of carbon fiber composite material, detects strain signals at various locations on the carbon fiber composite material, loads the strain signals onto the three-dimensional model, and establishes a mechanical model. In this process, the influence of temperature on the carbon fiber composite material and the chirp effect of the fiber grating are considered, and the characteristic quantities of the strain signals are reconstructed. Based on the reconstructed characteristic quantities, a mechanical model is established, ensuring the accuracy of model construction. At the same time, it further improves the stress sensing accuracy of carbon fiber composite material.
[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.
[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the precise dynamic strain sensing process of a carbon fiber composite material according to one embodiment.
[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
[0037] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0038] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this application may be combined with each other.
[0039] Example 1
[0040] A method for accurately sensing the dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite materials, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:
[0041] Step S1: A set of fiber optic grating detection units are pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material, and the fiber optic grating detection units are numbered sequentially.
[0042] In this step, each fiber Bragg grating detection unit is calibrated and arranged at equal intervals.
[0043] In addition, at least one set of fiber Bragg grating detection units is used to detect the temperature signal of the carbon fiber composite material. Alternatively, a set of fiber Bragg grating detection units includes two fiber Bragg gratings, one for detecting temperature and the other for detecting strain.
[0044] Step S2: Obtain the strain signal of the carbon fiber composite material collected by each fiber grating detection unit. In this embodiment, the magnitude of the strain signal is determined by the center wavelength of the reflected light from each fiber grating.
[0045] Step S3: Establish a three-dimensional model of the carbon fiber composite material. Based on the strain signal, decompose the strain signal to obtain the characteristic quantities of the impact signal at each corresponding position. Assign the characteristic quantities to the corresponding positions of the three-dimensional model of the carbon fiber composite material to establish a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material.
[0046] In this step, when establishing the mechanical model, the temperature of the carbon fiber composite material and the chirp effect of the fiber grating are considered, the characteristic quantities are reconstructed, and the mechanical model is established based on the reconstructed characteristic quantities.
[0047] Of course, the effect of temperature on strain of carbon fiber composite materials can be determined in advance through experimental testing. Based on the determined influence factors, the data can be reconstructed. During reconstruction, the time-varying characteristics of fiber optic grating sensing are taken into account to eliminate the chirp effect.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] A precise dynamic strain sensing system for carbon fiber composite materials, comprising:
[0050] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material collected by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations in the carbon fiber composite material.
[0051] The mechanical model construction module is used to establish a mechanical model of stress coupling between fiber optic grating and carbon fiber composite material, based on the strain signal and considering the chirping effect of fiber optic grating.
[0052] It also includes fiber optic couplers and fiber optic grating demodulators. The fiber optic couplers are connected to each fiber optic grating detection unit, and the fiber optic couplers are also connected to the fiber optic grating demodulators, which are connected to the processor.
[0053] The mechanical model building module is mounted on the processor.
[0054] Example 3
[0055] A computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, perform the following steps:
[0056] The strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material were acquired by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material.
[0057] Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.
[0058] Example 4
[0059] An electronic device, such as Figure 2 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor 1001, a communication interface 1002, and a computer-readable storage medium 1003. The processor 1001, communication interface 1002, and computer-readable storage medium 1003 can be connected via a bus or other means.
[0060] The communication interface 1002 is used to receive and send data. The computer-readable storage medium 1003 can be stored in the memory of the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium 1003 is used to store computer programs, which include program instructions. The processor 1001 is used to execute the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium 1003.
[0061] The processor 1001 (or CPU (Central Processing Unit)) is the computing and control core of electronic devices. It is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically for loading and executing one or more instructions to achieve corresponding methods or functions.
[0062] The processor 1001 is configured to perform the following process:
[0063] The strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material were acquired by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material.
[0064] Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.
[0065] The process of steps S2-S3 in Example 1 will not be repeated here.
[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art without creative effort within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for accurately sensing the dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite materials, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A set of fiber optic grating detection units are pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material, and the fiber optic grating detection units are numbered. Acquire the strain signals of carbon fiber composite materials collected by each fiber Bragg grating detection unit; Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.
2. The method for accurately sensing the dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber Bragg grating detection units are pre-calibrated, and each fiber Bragg grating detection unit is arranged at equal intervals.
3. The method for accurately sensing the dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least one set of fiber optic grating detection units is used to detect the temperature signal of the carbon fiber composite material.
4. The method for accurately sensing the dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirp effect of the fiber grating, the process of establishing a mechanical model for the stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material includes: Establish a three-dimensional model of carbon fiber composite material; The strain signal is decomposed to obtain the characteristic quantities of the impact signal at each corresponding position; The characteristic quantities are assigned to the corresponding positions in the three-dimensional model of the carbon fiber composite material to form a mechanical model.
5. The method for accurately sensing the dynamic strain of carbon fiber composite materials as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When establishing the mechanical model, the temperature of the carbon fiber composite material and the chirping effect of the fiber grating are considered, the characteristic quantities are reconstructed, and the mechanical model is established based on the reconstructed characteristic quantities.
6. A precise dynamic strain sensing system for carbon fiber composite materials, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material collected by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations in the carbon fiber composite material. The mechanical model construction module is used to establish a mechanical model of stress coupling between fiber optic grating and carbon fiber composite material, based on the strain signal and considering the chirping effect of fiber optic grating.
7. The carbon fiber composite material dynamic strain precision sensing system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes fiber optic couplers and fiber optic grating demodulators. The fiber optic couplers are connected to each fiber optic grating detection unit, and the fiber optic couplers are also connected to the fiber optic grating demodulators, which are connected to the processor.
8. The carbon fiber composite material dynamic strain precision sensing system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The mechanical model building module is mounted on the processor.
9. A computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the following features are provided: Complete the following steps: The strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material were acquired by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material. Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the computer instructions are executed by the processor, characterized in that, Complete the following steps: The strain signals of the carbon fiber composite material were acquired by each fiber grating detection unit pre-embedded at different locations on the carbon fiber composite material. Based on the strain signal, and considering the chirping effect of the fiber grating, a mechanical model of stress coupling between the fiber grating and the carbon fiber composite material is established.