A Method for Assessing the Technical Condition of Highway Bridges Based on Matrix Operations

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations, belonging to the fields of bridge engineering and computer application technology. Based on a four-level hierarchical assessment system, this invention constructs a matrix operation model framework. Through complete matrix chain operations—creating an initial matrix, a defect scaling matrix, a deduction matrix, a sorting matrix, an actual deduction matrix, and a component score matrix—it unifies steps such as component defect deduction, the impact of multiple defects, and weight synthesis into a standardized matrix transformation process. Then, it calculates component technical condition scores, constructs component score vectors, and combines weight corrections to calculate structural scores and overall bridge scores. Finally, it determines the bridge's technical condition level by referring to a grading table. This invention transforms the complex assessment process into standardized matrix operations, significantly improving assessment efficiency and accuracy, and achieving automation and standardization of the assessment process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of bridge engineering and computer application technology, specifically to a method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations. Background Technology

[0002] As a key node in transportation infrastructure, the safety and durability of highway bridges are of paramount importance. To standardize and unify the assessment of bridge health status, the "Technical Condition Assessment Standard for Highway Bridges" (JTG / TH21-2011) (hereinafter referred to as the Standard) establishes a four-level hierarchical assessment system of "components → parts → structure → whole bridge". By quantifying and scoring the defects of each component of the bridge, a technical condition score and grade representing the overall health level of the bridge are finally obtained.

[0003] However, the standard suffers from the following technical shortcomings in practical application: its scoring calculation method is based on complex elementary algebraic operations, involving a large number of table lookups, judgments, deductions, and weighted summaries. For a large and complex bridge, which contains hundreds or even thousands of components and potential defects, manual calculations are labor-intensive and cumbersome, easily leading to calculation errors or misunderstandings of the standard, severely affecting the efficiency and accuracy of the assessment. Furthermore, traditional paper or simple spreadsheet recording methods are not conducive to the long-term preservation, traceability, and in-depth analysis of inspection data, creating "data silos" that cannot support the health management needs of the bridge throughout its entire lifecycle.

[0004] To overcome the drawbacks of manual calculations, academia and engineering have conducted numerous explorations. Early attempts included utilizing Excel's formulas and macro functions, or developing desktop applications using languages ​​such as Visual Basic. Existing bridge management systems mostly employ client / server architectures or older web technologies, which need improvement in cross-platform compatibility, maintainability, and user experience. Although some researchers have proposed a theoretical approach to transforming the standard's scoring process into matrix operations, a mature and feasible programmatic implementation scheme has yet to be developed. Therefore, developing an intelligent assessment system based on modern software technology that can automate and standardize the assessment process is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations, so as to solve the technical problems of cumbersome calculation, low efficiency, easy error and difficult data management in the traditional manual assessment method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations includes the following steps: S1: Based on the four-level hierarchical evaluation system, construct a matrix operation model framework and define the matrix form and transformation rules of the component layer, part layer, structural layer and full bridge layer; S2: For the same type of bridge component as specified in the standard, create an initial matrix based on the initial matrix in the form of a matrix of component layers. The number of rows is the total number of components contained in this type of bridge component, the number of columns is the maximum value of the preset defect types, and the element values ​​are the initial evaluation scale values. S3: Obtain the actual defect detection data of each component of this type of bridge component, and construct a defect scaling matrix in the form of a matrix of component layers. The matrix has the same dimension as the initial matrix and the element values ​​are the actual evaluation scaling values ​​of each defect type of each component. S4: Based on the disease scaling matrix and according to the transformation rules of the component layer, query the standard deduction standard mapping table specified in the standard to generate a deduction matrix, the element values ​​of which are the deduction values ​​corresponding to each disease type of each component. S5: Sort the elements of each row of the deduction matrix in descending order to obtain the sorted matrix; S6: Calculate each row of the sorting matrix according to the multi-disease deduction superposition rules specified in the standard to obtain the actual deduction matrix; S7: Based on the actual deduction matrix, calculate the final score of each component according to the transformation rules of the component layer, and construct the component score matrix; S8: Calculate the technical condition score of this type of bridge component according to the component score matrix and the transformation rules of the component layer; S9: Repeat S2 to S8 to calculate the technical condition score of all bridge components and construct the component score vector in matrix form according to the component layer; S10: Based on the component scoring vector and the weight matrix specified in the standard, calculate the scores of the bridge deck system, superstructure, substructure and the whole bridge according to the matrix form and transformation rules of the structural layer and the whole bridge layer, and determine the bridge technical condition level by referring to the level classification table specified in the standard.

[0007] Furthermore, the initial matrix in S2 A of Element represents the first i The first component j The initial assessment scale value for the disease type, and it satisfies: ; in i =1,2,…, m , j =1,2,…, n , m This refers to the total number of components contained in this type of bridge part. n The maximum value for the preset number of disease types; the initial evaluation scale value is 1, which corresponds to a component without disease.

[0008] Furthermore, the disease scaling matrix in S3B elements B ij Indicates the first i The first component j The actual assessment scale value of the disease type, and it satisfies: .

[0009] Furthermore, the deduction matrix in S4 C elements C ij satisfy: ; in, f The deduction function defined in the transformation rules of the component layer corresponds to the deduction standard mapping table specified in the standard, which is used to... Mapped to the corresponding .

[0010] Furthermore, the sorting matrix in S5 D elements D ij Indicates the first i The first component j Large deduction value, and satisfying the following: .

[0011] Furthermore, the S6 standard specifies the rules for cumulative deductions for multiple defects, which are calculated using the standard's method for cumulative deductions: When a component has only one type of defect, the deduction value for that defect is calculated as the actual deduction value. : ; When a component has two or more defects, the following recursive formula is used to calculate the first defect item by item. x The actual deduction value for each disease : ; when D ij When =100, the actual deduction value ; Actual deduction matrix E With sorting matrix D The dimensions are the same, and its first i Line number j Column elements E ij Indicates the first i The first component j The actual deduction value for a single defect is calculated according to the rule of cumulative deduction for multiple defects. For defects that do not actually exist on the component, the corresponding element is set to 0.

[0012] Furthermore, the component score matrix in S7 F form A column vector of size ×1, whose first... i The row element is the first i In the actual deduction matrix corresponding to the component, the first... i The calculations for each element in the row yielded the following: ; in, For the first i The final score of the component represents the score of the first component. i The technical condition score of each component after considering all actual deductions for defects; E ij Actual deduction matrix E The Middle i Line number j The element of the column represents the first element. i The first component j The actual deduction value for each disease is calculated according to the rule of cumulative deduction for multiple diseases.

[0013] Furthermore, the transformation rules for the component layer in S8 correspond to the component scoring rules specified in the standard. The calculation of the technical condition score for this type of bridge component is as follows: Calculate the number of defective components k : k = The number of elements in the component score matrix whose value is less than 100; Based on the total number of components contained in this type of bridge component m and number of defective components k Query the standard to obtain the corresponding adjustment coefficient. t ; Calculate the average score of the components : ; Computer technology status rating h : ; in, The minimum value among all elements in the component score matrix; When this type of bridge component belongs to the superstructure or substructure and meets the following requirements: <40 hours, .

[0014] Furthermore, S9 specifically includes: S91: For each type of bridge component, repeat steps S2 to S8 to obtain the... p Technical condition rating of bridge components , p =1,2,…, N , NThis represents the total number of bridge component categories. S92: Arrange the technical condition scores of various bridge components in the standard-specified component order according to the matrix form of the component layer, and construct the component score vector. H : .

[0015] Furthermore, S10 specifically includes: S101: Construct a component existence matrix based on the actual component composition of the bridge. S Its elements are binary numbers 0 or 1; ; in, =0 indicates that the bridge does not have this type of bridge component. =1 indicates that the bridge has this type of bridge component; S102: Obtain the weight matrix specified in the standard. R : ; in, Weight matrix R The p The element represents the element. p Standard weights for bridge-like components; S103: Based on the weight matrix R Existence matrix of components S Calculate the corrected weight matrix using the following formula. : ; The transformation rules of the structural layers correspond to the bridge structural classification specified in the standard. Based on the bridge structural classification, bridge components are divided into a set of bridge deck system components. Oh 1 Superstructure component assembly Oh 2 Lower structural component assembly Oh 3 ;when p When it belongs to the bridge deck system, Oh=Oh 1 ;when p When it belongs to the superstructure, Oh=Oh 2 ;when p When it belongs to the lower structure, Oh=Oh 3 Among them, index p Part category index as defined in S91 p Same, indicating the first p Bridge-like components.

[0016] For any bridge componentp Its corrected weights Calculate using the following formula: ; in, Oh Bridge components p The set of components corresponding to the structural part Oh 1 , Oh 2 ,or Oh 3 ; The corrected weight matrix The Middle p The element represents the element. p The corrected weights for bridge-like components; , For temporary summation variables within the corresponding component set, q This is a temporary index; S104: Based on component scoring vector H and the corrected weight matrix R' Calculate the component score matrix K : ; ; in, For the first p Scoring of bridge-like components; S105: Calculate the scores for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure based on the bridge structure classification: ; ; ; in, , , The scores are for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure, respectively. S106: The transformation rules for the full-bridge layer correspond to the structural weight coefficients specified in the standard. Based on these structural weight coefficients, the full-bridge score is calculated. : ; in, , , The structural weighting coefficients for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure as specified in the standard; S107: Based on the grading table specified in the standard, and according to the overall bridge score... Determine the technical condition level of the bridge.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Based on the four-level evaluation system of the "Highway Bridge Technical Condition Evaluation Standard", this invention abstracts the scoring logic of "component → part → structure → whole bridge" into a complete matrix chain operation from the initial matrix to the component scoring matrix. It unifies the steps of component defect deduction, multiple defects, weight synthesis and other steps into a rigorous matrix transformation process, making the complex evaluation calculation process clear, concise and easy to program.

[0018] 2. This invention strictly follows the calculation formulas and evaluation rules stipulated in the "Standard for Technical Condition Evaluation of Highway Bridges", and accurately realizes the calculation process such as deduction superposition and weighted average in the standard through matrix operation.

[0019] 3. This invention transforms the extensive table lookups, judgments, deductions, and weighted summaries involved in the evaluation process into matrix operations, significantly reducing the computational workload. For complex bridges containing numerous components and types of defects, the computational efficiency of this invention is far superior to traditional manual calculation methods, greatly alleviating the workload of bridge engineers.

[0020] 4. This invention uses mathematical modeling to model the evaluation method of the "Standard for Technical Condition Evaluation of Highway Bridges". The hierarchical structure of the bridge is represented by an association matrix, the component defect information is represented by a defect information matrix, and various weights are represented by weight vectors, laying a solid theoretical foundation for the procedural calculation of bridge technical condition evaluation.

[0021] 5. The matrix algorithm of this invention adopts a generalized mathematical expression. When the evaluation criteria are updated or a custom evaluation method is required, only the contents of the input matrix or weight vector need to be modified, without changing the core algorithm framework. It has good adaptability and scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate understanding of this invention, the relevant terms are first defined: Components: The smallest functional parts of a bridge structure that can be directly inspected and scored. Examples include the main ribs of a T-beam, bridge deck pavement, bearings, and expansion joints.

[0024] Components (bridge components): A collection of similar structural members with similar functions or locations. For example, all the main beams of a span, the entire bridge deck pavement, and all the supports of the entire bridge.

[0025] Structure: A larger structural system composed of several components with different functions, divided into three main categories: bridge deck system, superstructure and substructure.

[0026] The entire bridge: the highest level of assessment, which is a weighted comprehensive result of the scores of the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure.

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations. This method transforms the four-level hierarchical assessment system of the "Highway Bridge Technical Condition Assessment Standard" (JTG / TH21-2011) into a standardized matrix operation process. Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1: Based on the four-level hierarchical evaluation system, construct a matrix operation model framework and define the matrix form and transformation rules of the component layer, part layer, structural layer and full bridge layer; S2: For the same type of bridge component as specified in the standard, create an initial matrix in the form of a component layer. The number of rows is the total number of components contained in this type of bridge component, the number of columns is the maximum value of the preset defect types, and the initial value of the elements is the evaluation scale value. S3: Obtain the actual defect detection data of each component of this type of bridge component, and construct a defect scaling matrix in the form of a matrix of component layers. The matrix has the same dimension as the initial matrix and the element values ​​are the actual evaluation scaling values ​​of each defect type of each component. S4: Based on the disease scaling matrix and according to the transformation rules of the component layer, query the standard deduction standard mapping table specified in the standard to generate a deduction matrix, the element values ​​of which are the deduction values ​​corresponding to each disease type of each component. S5: Sort the elements of each row of the deduction matrix in descending order to obtain the sorted matrix; S6: Calculate each row of the sorting matrix according to the multi-disease deduction superposition rules specified in the standard to obtain the actual deduction matrix; S7: Based on the actual deduction matrix, calculate the final score of each component according to the transformation rules of the component layer, and construct the component score matrix; S8: Calculate the technical condition score of this type of bridge component according to the component score matrix and the transformation rules of the component layer; S9: Repeat S2 to S8 to calculate the technical condition score of all bridge components and construct the component score vector in matrix form according to the component layer; S10: Based on the component scoring vector and the weight matrix specified in the standard, calculate the scores of the bridge deck system, superstructure, substructure and the whole bridge according to the matrix form and transformation rules of the structural layer and the whole bridge layer, and determine the bridge technical condition level by referring to the level classification table specified in the standard.

[0029] This invention transforms complex multi-level and multi-disease superposition calculations into standardized matrix operations, thereby achieving automation, standardization, and traceability of the evaluation process.

[0030] As described in S1, this invention first constructs a matrix operation model framework based on the four-level hierarchical evaluation system of the "Standard for Technical Condition Evaluation of Highway Bridges". This framework expresses the entities and relationships in the evaluation system using matrices or vectors, and simulates the calculation process using matrix operations.

[0031] As described in S2, an initial matrix is ​​created for the same type of bridge components as specified in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges". A Taking the superstructure of a beam bridge as an example, we define... n The value is 12 (the maximum number of types of defects in various components). m The value is 100 (representing the total number of components with defects in a certain type of part), forming an initial matrix of 100×12. A .

[0032] initial matrix A of Element represents the first i The first component j The initial assessment scale value for the disease type, and it satisfies:

[0033] in i =1,2,…, m , j =1,2,…, n , m This refers to the total number of components contained in this type of bridge part. n The maximum value for the preset number of disease types; the initial evaluation scale value is 1, which corresponds to a component without disease.

[0034] initial matrix A As the starting point of the component layer matrix, all its elements are initialized to 1, indicating that each component is assumed to be free of defects. Simultaneously, the initial matrix... AThe basic dimensions of the component layer matrix are defined, providing a unified mathematical foundation for all component layer matrices (disease scaling matrix, deduction matrix, sorting matrix, actual deduction matrix, and component score matrix) in subsequent S3 to S7. S3 fills in actual disease data on the basis of the initial matrix, and S4 to S7 transform layer by layer based on the unified dimensions to finally obtain the component score matrix, forming a complete matrix chain operation from the initial matrix to the component score matrix.

[0035] As described in S3, actual defect detection data of each component of this type of bridge component are obtained, and a defect scaling matrix is ​​constructed in matrix form according to the component layer. B Disease scaling matrix B elements B ij Indicates the first i The first component j The actual assessment scale value of the disease type, and it satisfies: .

[0036] The value range 1 to 5 corresponds to the severity level of the disease, where: 1. No defects or minor defects that do not affect structural safety; 2: The disease is relatively minor, but attention is still needed; 3: Moderate disease severity, requiring maintenance measures; 4: The damage is quite severe and requires repair; 5: The disease is severe and needs to be treated immediately.

[0037] The disease scaling matrix B has the same dimensions as the initial matrix A, and its element values ​​are obtained through on-site detection. The construction process is as follows: copy the initial matrix A, then update the element values ​​of the diseased locations from 1 to the actual evaluation scaling values ​​(2~5), while keeping the values ​​of the disease-free locations unchanged at 1, thereby recording the actual condition of each type of disease for each component.

[0038] As described in S4, based on the disease scaling matrix B, the deduction standard mapping table specified in the standard is queried according to the transformation rules of the component layer to generate the deduction matrix C. C elements C ij satisfy: ; in, f The deduction function defined in the transformation rules of the component layer corresponds to the deduction standard mapping table specified in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges", and is used to scale the defect values. Mapped to the corresponding deduction value .

[0039] The deduction matrix C has the same dimensions as the defect scaling matrix B, and its element values ​​represent the deduction values ​​corresponding to each defect type for each component. The deduction standard mapping table specified in the "Highway Bridge Technical Condition Assessment Standard" is Table 4.1.1 "Deduction Values ​​for Each Inspection Index of Various Components" in the "Highway Bridge Technical Condition Assessment Standard". This table specifies the deduction values ​​corresponding to different assessment scales (1~5) and is an inherent part of the "Highway Bridge Technical Condition Assessment Standard". For example, when the assessment scale value of a certain type of defect is 3, the corresponding deduction value may be 25 points.

[0040] As described in S5, sorting the elements of each row of the deduction matrix C in descending order yields the sorting matrix D. (Sorting matrix) D elements D ij Indicates the first i The first component j Large deduction value, and satisfying the following: .

[0041] The purpose of this sorting operation is to prioritize the calculation of defects with larger deduction values, in accordance with the requirements of the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges". According to the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges", when a component has multiple defects, the order in which the deduction values ​​are calculated will affect the final result, and they need to be calculated in descending order of deduction values.

[0042] As described in S6, the sorting matrix is ​​sorted according to the multi-defect deduction rules stipulated in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges". D Calculate each row sequentially to obtain the actual deduction matrix. E .

[0043] The specific rules for cumulative deductions for multiple defects as stipulated in the standard are the calculation methods for cumulative deductions as specified in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges": When a component has only one type of defect, the deduction value for that defect is calculated as the actual deduction value. : ; When a component has two or more defects, the following recursive formula is used to calculate the first defect item by item. x The actual deduction value for each disease : ; when D ij When =100, the actual deduction value ; Actual deduction matrix E With sorting matrix D The dimensions are the same, and its first i Line number j Column elements Eij Indicates the first i The first component j The actual deduction value for a single defect is calculated according to the rule of cumulative deduction for multiple defects. For defects that do not actually exist on the component (i.e., j>k i ,in k i For the first i The actual number of defects in each component), and the corresponding element is 0.

[0044] This step involves transforming the complex multi-disease superposition rules in the "Technical Condition Assessment Standard for Highway Bridges" into matrix operations, through sorting the matrix... D Each row is calculated recursively to obtain the actual deduction value for each disease.

[0045] As described in S7, based on the actual deduction matrix E The final score of each component is calculated according to the transformation rules of the component layer, and a component score matrix is ​​constructed. F .

[0046] Component score matrix F for m A column vector of size ×1, whose first... i The row element is the first i In the actual deduction matrix corresponding to the component, the first... i The calculations for each element in the row yielded the following: .

[0047] This formula corresponds to the basic component scoring formula in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges": Component Score = 100 - Sum of actual deductions for all defects. Where, m This refers to the total number of components contained in this type of bridge part. n This is the preset maximum value for the number of disease types.

[0048] Component score matrix F Each row corresponds to the final score of a component, with a score range of 0 to 100 points. The higher the score, the better the technical condition of the component.

[0049] As described in S8, based on the component score matrix F The technical condition score of this type of bridge component is calculated according to the transformation rules of the component layer.

[0050] The calculation of the component's technical condition score includes the following steps: First, calculate the number of defective components. k That is, the component score matrix F The number of elements in the array whose value is less than 100. k This reflects the number of components with defects in this type of part.

[0051] Secondly, based on the total number of components contained in this type of bridge component m and number of defective components k Consult Table 4.1.2 of the "Standards for the Assessment of Technical Condition of Highway Bridges" to obtain the corresponding adjustment coefficients. t Table 4.1.2 specifies the different m and k Combination t The value is an inherent part of the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges".

[0052] Then, calculate the average component score. : ; The meaning of this formula is: using the actual total number of components of this type of bridge part. m Calculate the average score. Among them, k The score for each defective component is the actual score. ,the remaining Each defect-free component is scored out of 100. The sum of the actual scores for defective components is added to the maximum score for defect-free components, and then divided by the total number of components. m That is, to obtain the adjusted average component score. .

[0053] Next, calculate the technical condition score. h : ; in, It is the minimum value of all elements in the component score matrix.

[0054] Finally, when this type of bridge component is a major component in the superstructure or substructure, and meets the following requirements... <40 hours, This is a special provision in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges" for major components. When the minimum score of a component is too low, the component score is directly taken as the lowest value.

[0055] As described in S9, S9 specifically includes: S91: For each type of bridge component, repeat steps S2 to S8 to obtain the... p Technical condition rating of bridge components , p =1,2,…, N , N Total number of bridge component categories; different types of bridges N Different values, for example, beam bridges N =16.

[0056] S92: Arrange the technical condition scores of various bridge components in the standard-specified component order according to the matrix form of the component layer, and construct the component score vector. H : .

[0057] It should be noted that the component order specified in the standard refers to the order of bridge component categories as specified in Table 4.2.1 of the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges" (JTG / TH21-2011). This table clearly defines the classification and fixed order of each component for different bridge types. Taking a beam bridge as an example, the order of its 16 component categories is as follows: bridge deck pavement, expansion joint device, sidewalk, railings, drainage system, lighting signs (bridge deck system, positions 1-6); main beam, transverse connection (superstructure, positions 7-8); bearings, piers, abutments, foundations, wing walls, slope protection, riverbed regulation structures, others (substructure, positions 9-16).

[0058] When constructing component scoring vectors, the technical condition scores of each component must be arranged sequentially according to this fixed order to ensure the component scoring vectors are accurate and reliable. H With weight matrix R Component Existence Matrix S The elements correspond one-to-one, thus correctly realizing subsequent weight correction, structural scoring, and full-bridge scoring calculations. This sequential arrangement is the standard mathematical form of the component layer matrix in the matrix operation model framework, and it is also the basis for realizing automated evaluation.

[0059] As described in S10, S10 specifically includes: S101: Construct a component existence matrix based on the actual component composition of the bridge. S Its elements are binary numbers 0 or 1; ; in, =0 indicates that the bridge does not have this type of bridge component. =1 indicates that the bridge has this type of bridge component; for example, if a bridge does not have a pedestrian walkway, then the pedestrian walkway corresponds to... =0.

[0060] S102: Obtain the weight matrix specified in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges" R : ; in, Weight matrix R The p The element represents the element. pStandard weights for bridge components; the weight matrices for different bridge types can be found in Table 4.2.1 of the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges".

[0061] S103: Based on the weight matrix R Existence matrix of components S Calculate the corrected weight matrix using the following formula. : ; First, according to the bridge structure classification stipulated in the "Standard for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges", bridge components are divided into a set of bridge deck components. Oh 1 Superstructure component assembly Oh 2 Lower structural component assembly Oh 3 ;when p When it belongs to the bridge deck system, Oh= Oh 1 ;when p When it belongs to the superstructure, Oh=Oh 2 ;when p When it belongs to the lower structure, Oh=Oh 3 .

[0062] Take beam bridges as an example: Oh 1 = {1,2,3} (bridge deck paving, expansion joint devices, sidewalk); Oh 2 = {4,5,...,10} (main beams, transverse connections, etc.); Oh 3 = {11,12,...,16} (supports, piers, abutments, foundations, etc.); For any bridge component p Its corrected weights Calculate using the following formula: ; in, Oh Bridge components p The set of components corresponding to the structural part Oh 1 , Oh 2 ,or Oh 3 ; The corrected weight matrix The Middle pThe element represents the element. p The corrected weights for bridge-like components; , For temporary summation variables within the corresponding component set, q This is a temporary index.

[0063] Take beam bridges as an example: For bridge deck components, i.e. p When = 1, 2, 3: ； For the upper structural components, i.e. p =4,5,...,10: ； For the lower structural components, i.e. p = 11, 12, ..., 16 hours: 。

[0064] S104: Based on component scoring vector H and the corrected weight matrix R' Calculate the component score matrix K : ; ; in, For the first p The score for each type of bridge component reflects its contribution after weighting.

[0065] S105: Calculate the scores for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure based on the bridge structure classification: ; ; ; in, , , The scores are for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure, respectively. S106: The transformation rules for the entire bridge layer correspond to the structural weight coefficients specified in the "Standards for Technical Condition Assessment of Highway Bridges". Based on the structural weight coefficients, the overall bridge score is calculated. : ; in, , , These are the structural weighting coefficients for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure as specified in the standard; taking a beam bridge as an example. = 0.4、 = 0.4、 =0.2.

[0066] S107: Based on the grading table (Table 4.1.5) specified in the "Standards for the Evaluation of Technical Condition of Highway Bridges", and according to the overall bridge score... Determine the technical condition level of the bridge. Take a beam bridge as an example: Class I bridge (in good condition): ≥95; Class II bridge (good condition): 80≤ <95; Class III bridge (medium condition): 60≤ <80; Class IV bridges (poor condition): 40≤ <60; Class 5 bridges (dangerous condition): <40.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention also provides a highway bridge technical condition assessment system based on matrix operations, used to implement the aforementioned assessment method. This system includes the following modules: The front-end interaction module receives bridge foundation information and defect detection data. Bridge foundation information includes bridge type, number of spans, and number of components; defect detection data includes the actual assessment scale values ​​for each defect type of each component. This module uses a graphical interface for easy data entry and management.

[0068] The matrix operation module implements the aforementioned assessment method, generating an initial matrix, a defect scaling matrix, a deduction matrix, a sorting matrix, an actual deduction matrix, and a component score matrix. It calculates the component technical condition score based on the component score matrix, and calculates the scores for the bridge deck system, superstructure, substructure, and the entire bridge score based on the component score vectors and the weight matrix specified in the standard. Finally, it determines the bridge's technical condition level by comparing it with the standard's grading table. This module is the computational core of the entire system, automating the assessment process through efficient matrix operations.

[0069] The results visualization module is used to display the matrix operation process and evaluation results, and generate a heat map of the defect distribution and an evaluation report. The defect distribution heat map uses light and dark colors to represent the distribution of each defect type on each component on the bridge structure diagram, helping engineers to intuitively identify areas with concentrated defects.

[0070] The data storage module is used to store bridge foundation data, defect data, and assessment results. It supports database and file export, facilitating data management and historical traceability.

[0071] The method of the present invention can be implemented by a computer program product, the computer program product including instructions stored on a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described evaluation method.

[0072] In one specific embodiment of this invention, the implementation is carried out using the Python language. Python is characterized by its concise syntax and rich ecosystem; its NumPy library provides efficient matrix operation support, enabling rapid matrix chain operations from the initial matrix A to the component score matrix F. The Pandas library can be used for data processing, the Matplotlib library for result visualization (such as heatmaps of disease distribution), and the PySide6 library for building graphical user interfaces.

[0073] It should be noted that Python and NumPy are only exemplary implementation tools of this invention. Those skilled in the art can use other programming languages ​​(such as MATLAB, Java, C++, C#) or mathematical computing libraries (such as Eigen, Armadillo) to implement the same technical solution according to the matrix operation algorithm of this invention. These alternative implementations all fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, nor are they intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. That is to say, any changes or refinements made to the main design concept and spirit of the present invention that are not of substantial significance, but whose technical problems are still consistent with the present invention, should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the present invention to other related technical fields are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Based on the four-level hierarchical evaluation system, construct a matrix operation model framework and define the matrix form and transformation rules of the component layer, part layer, structural layer and full bridge layer; S2: For the same type of bridge component as specified in the standard, create an initial matrix based on the initial matrix in the form of a matrix of component layers. The number of rows is the total number of components contained in this type of bridge component, the number of columns is the maximum value of the preset defect types, and the element values ​​are the initial evaluation scale values. S3: Obtain the actual defect detection data of each component of this type of bridge component, and construct a defect scaling matrix in the form of a matrix of component layers. The matrix has the same dimension as the initial matrix and the element values ​​are the actual evaluation scaling values ​​of each defect type of each component. S4: Based on the disease scaling matrix and according to the transformation rules of the component layer, query the standard deduction standard mapping table specified in the standard to generate a deduction matrix, the element values ​​of which are the deduction values ​​corresponding to each disease type of each component. S5: Sort the elements of each row of the deduction matrix in descending order to obtain the sorted matrix; S6: Calculate each row of the sorting matrix according to the multi-disease deduction superposition rules specified in the standard to obtain the actual deduction matrix; S7: Based on the actual deduction matrix, calculate the final score of each component according to the transformation rules of the component layer, and construct the component score matrix; S8: Calculate the technical condition score of this type of bridge component according to the component score matrix and the transformation rules of the component layer; S9: Repeat S2 to S8 to calculate the technical condition score of all bridge components and construct the component score vector in matrix form according to the component layer; S10: Based on the component scoring vector and the weight matrix specified in the standard, calculate the scores of the bridge deck system, superstructure, substructure and the whole bridge according to the matrix form and transformation rules of the structural layer and the whole bridge layer, and determine the bridge technical condition level by referring to the level classification table specified in the standard.

2. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Initial matrix in S2 A of Element represents the first i The first component j The initial assessment scale value for the disease type, and it satisfies: ; in i =1,2,…, m , j =1,2,…, n , m This refers to the total number of components contained in this type of bridge part. n The maximum value for the preset number of disease types; the initial evaluation scale value is 1, which corresponds to a component without disease.

3. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 2, characterized in that, S3 Disease scaling matrix B elements B ij Indicates the first i The first component j The actual assessment scale value of the disease type, and it satisfies: .

4. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 2, characterized in that, S4 Deduction Matrix C elements C ij satisfy: ; in, f The deduction function defined in the transformation rules of the component layer corresponds to the deduction standard mapping table specified in the standard, which is used to... Mapped to the corresponding .

5. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 2, characterized in that, Sorting matrix in S5 D elements D ij Indicates the first i The first component j Large deduction value, and satisfying the following: .

6. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific rules for cumulative deductions for multiple diseases specified in Standard S6 are as follows: The standard specifies the method for calculating cumulative deductions. When a component has only one type of defect, the deduction value for that defect is calculated as the actual deduction value. : ； When a component has two or more defects, the following recursive formula is used to calculate the first defect item by item. x The actual deduction value for each disease : ； when D ij When =100, the actual deduction value ; Actual deduction matrix E With sorting matrix D The dimensions are the same, and its first i Line number j Column elements E ij Indicates the first i The first component j The actual deduction value for a single defect is calculated according to the rule of cumulative deduction for multiple defects. For defects that do not actually exist on the component, the corresponding element is set to 0.

7. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 6, characterized in that, Component score matrix in S7 F for m A column vector of size ×1, whose first... i The row element is the first i In the actual deduction matrix corresponding to the component, the first... i The calculations for each element in the row yielded the following: ； in, For the first i The final score of the component represents the score of the first component. i The technical condition score of each component after considering all actual deductions for defects; E ij Actual deduction matrix E The Middle i Line number j The element of the column represents the first element. i The first component j The actual deduction value for each disease is calculated according to the rule of cumulative deduction for multiple diseases.

8. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transformation rules for the component layer in S8 correspond to the component scoring rules specified in the standard. The technical condition score for this type of bridge component is calculated as follows: Calculate the number of defective components k : k = The number of elements in the component score matrix whose value is less than 100; Based on the total number of components contained in this type of bridge component m and number of defective components k Query the standard to obtain the corresponding adjustment coefficient. t ; Calculate the average score of the components : ； Computer technology status rating h : ； in, The minimum value among all elements in the component score matrix; When this type of bridge component belongs to the superstructure or substructure and meets the following requirements: <40 hours, .

9. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 8, characterized in that, S9 specifically includes: S91: For each type of bridge component, repeat steps S2 to S8 to obtain the... p Technical condition rating of bridge components , p =1,2,…, N , N This represents the total number of bridge component categories. S92: Arrange the technical condition scores of various bridge components in the standard-specified component order according to the matrix form of the component layer, and construct the component score vector. H : 。 10. The method for assessing the technical condition of highway bridges based on matrix operations according to claim 9, characterized in that, S10 specifically includes: S101: Construct a component existence matrix based on the actual component composition of the bridge. S Its elements are binary numbers 0 or 1; ； in, =0 indicates that the bridge does not have this type of bridge component. =1 indicates that the bridge has this type of bridge component; S102: Obtain the weight matrix specified in the standard. R : ； in, Weight matrix R The p The element represents the element. p Standard weights for bridge-like components; S103: Based on the weight matrix R Existence matrix of components S Calculate the corrected weight matrix using the following formula. ; ； The transformation rules of the structural layers correspond to the bridge structural classification specified in the standard. Based on the bridge structural classification, bridge components are divided into a set of bridge deck system components. Ω 1 Superstructure component assembly Ω 2 Lower structural component assembly Ω 3 ; For any bridge component p Its corrected weights Calculate using the following formula: ； in, Ω Bridge components p The set of components corresponding to the structural part Ω 1 , Ω 2 or Ω 3 ;when p When it belongs to the bridge deck system, Ω=Ω 1 ;when p When it belongs to the superstructure, Ω=Ω 2 ;when p When it belongs to the lower structure, Ω=Ω 3 ; The corrected weight matrix The Middle p The element represents the element. p The corrected weights for bridge-like components; , For temporary summation variables within the corresponding component set, q This is a temporary index; S104: Based on component scoring vector H and the corrected weight matrix R' Calculate the component score matrix K : ； ； in, For the first p Scoring of bridge-like components; S105: Calculate the scores for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure based on the bridge structure classification: ； ； ； in, , , The scores are for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure, respectively. S106: The transformation rules for the full-bridge layer correspond to the structural weight coefficients specified in the standard. Based on these structural weight coefficients, the full-bridge score is calculated. : ； in, , , The structural weighting coefficients for the bridge deck system, superstructure, and substructure as specified in the standard; S107: Based on the grading table specified in the standard, and according to the overall bridge score... Determine the technical condition level of the bridge.

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