U-shaped sheet piles

Abstract

This invention relates to building materials, and more particularly to channel-shaped Larsen sheet piles produced by hot rolling, which can be used in the construction industry. The U-shaped sheet pile has an outer surface with three interface radii in the transition region between the web (1) and its flange (2): an outer inscribed circle radius (R1) adjacent to the lateral flange (2), ranging from 25 to 60 mm; an outer inscribed circle radius (R3) adjacent to the web (1), ranging from 80 to 300 mm; and an outer circumscribed circle radius (R2) connecting the outer inscribed circle radius (R1) and the outer inscribed circle radius (R3), ranging from 12.5 to 30 mm; wherein the radius ratio R1 / R2 is not less than 1.5, and R3 / R2 is not less than 2. This invention ensures improved ground penetration performance by creating maximum contact area between the sheet pile web and the stratum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the construction industry, and more particularly to channel Larsen-type sheet piles produced by hot rolling, which can be used in the construction industry. Background Technology

[0002] Known channel sheet pile models include: Arcelor GU-22N, Arcelor PU22 and L5-UM (Л5-УМ).

[0003] The disadvantages of these sheet piles are that the slight bending of the sheet pile wall at the transition point can lead to structural instability during pile driving. Furthermore, in high-density strata (such as rock and permafrost), the sheet pile may bend in the transition area between the web and the flange.

[0004] A series of sheet piles with reinforced webs made of Vitkovice steel, VL 601K to VL 607K, are known. The disadvantage of these sheet piles is that, although their sheet pile walls have high bending stability, their structure lacks reinforcement at the transition between the web and the flange.

[0005] RU 2740561 C1 (January 15, 2021) discloses a sheet pile solution that uses a shoulder-shaped additional member above the concave corner to improve the resistance of the sheet pile wall.

[0006] The disadvantage of this device is that, while the shoulder in the sheet pile structure can improve stability, it also increases the contact area when driven into the ground, and due to its structural characteristics, it may become a stress concentration point. RU 199197 U1 (August 21, 2020) discloses a U-shaped sheet pile.

[0007] The disadvantage of this device is that the pile has a relatively low bearing capacity.

[0008] The closest prior art is a U-shaped sheet pile proposed according to RU 2787097 C1 (December 28, 2022), which is made of metal and includes a web having walls that bend toward each other and have latches at their ends, wherein the inner and outer bends between the walls and the web are rounded, and the inner and outer bends between the walls and the web are rounded such that the ratio of the radius of the inner and outer bends is in the range of 2.1 to 2.2, to ensure that the cross-section of the sheet pile, especially the bending areas of the walls and the web, contains an increased concentration of material.

[0009] The drawback of this device is that the reinforcement of the outer transition section is limited only by the outer fillet radius, which makes it impossible to form a widening of the web relative to the flange, which is necessary for the web (as the heaviest component of the pile) to occupy the maximum area when in contact with the ground. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The main problem this invention aims to solve is improving ground penetration during sheet pile construction.

[0011] The technical effect that this invention aims to achieve is to improve the penetration performance of the stratum by forming the maximum contact area between the web of the sheet pile and the stratum.

[0012] The achievement of this technical effect is attributed to the following technical solution: The U-shaped sheet pile includes a web and lateral flanges adjacent to the web. The lateral flanges form a concave angle with the web and are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the web. The sheet pile has a locking mechanism at the free end of the lateral flange. In the transition region between the web and the lateral flange, the outer surface of the sheet pile has three fillets / interface radii (…). Figure 2 The outer circumscribed circle radius R2 ranges from 12.5 to 30 mm; the outer inscribed circle radius R1 (adjacent to the lateral flange) ranges from 25 to 60 mm; and the outer inscribed circle radius R3 (adjacent to the web) ranges from 80 to 300 mm. The outer circumscribed circle radius R2 connects the outer inscribed circle radii R1 and R3. The ratio of the outer inscribed circle radius R1 to the outer circumscribed circle radius R2, R1 / R2, should not be less than 1.5, and the ratio of the outer inscribed circle radius R3 to the outer circumscribed circle radius R2, R3 / R2, should not be less than 2. A decrease in this value can lead to rib-like stress concentration. Furthermore, during rolling, a "lap"-like surface defect may appear on the surface of the outer circumscribed circle radius R2.

[0013] In the proposed sheet piles (pile rods), the use of a transition radius increases the contact area between the sheet pile wall and the stratum, thereby improving the stratum penetration and protecting other components of the pile from deformation and stress.

[0014] Furthermore, to reduce the dynamic driving force of sheet piles, it is recommended to use sheet piles with oblique cuts to generate dispersed forces during pile driving (Figures 3A and 3B). Simultaneously, in the initial stage, the thicker, more penetrating sheet pile wall will contact the ground before other components of the sheet pile wall profile. In this case, the total driving force of the sheet pile wall will be reduced.

[0015] When driving piles, it is necessary to calculate the residual settlement.

[0016] If the actual (measured) residual settlement s a If the residual settlement is less than 0.002m, a hammer with higher impact energy should be used for pile driving to reduce the residual settlement s. a≥0.002m. If the piling equipment cannot be replaced, the total controlled settlement s of the pile should be calculated according to the following formula. a +s el m (equal to the sum of residual settlement and elastic settlement):

[0017] in: A is the area enclosed by the outer contour of the solid or hollow cross-section of the pile, in meters (m²). 2 ; E d The calculated impact energy of the hammer is expressed in kJ. F d This represents the bearing capacity of the pile, expressed in kN. m1 is the mass of the hammer, in tons (t). m2 is the total mass of the pile and pile cap, in tons; s a This represents the actual residual settlement, which is equal to the settlement of the pile after a single hammer blow. s el The elastic settlement of the pile (elastic displacement of the strata and the pile) is determined by a settlement measuring instrument, and the unit is meters (m). p and f This is the transition coefficient from dynamic (including viscous formation resistance) to static formation resistance; A f The lateral surface area of ​​the pile in contact with the ground, in m². 2 ; m4 is the mass of the impact part of the hammer, in tons (t). g is the acceleration due to gravity, assumed to be 9.81 m / s². 2 ; H is the actual drop height of the hammered section, in meters; h is the initial rebound height of the impact section of the diesel hammer. For other types of hammers, h = 0 m. According to the above formula, reducing the area A at initial contact with the stratum reduces dynamic impact, thereby reducing residual settlement. Oblique cuts can be performed in parallel, but the applicability of this method is limited by vibratory piling equipment because the load applied by the hammer to the oblique surface generates a bending moment.

[0018] Alternatively, a bevel can be made on one side of the sheet pile, while a straight (perpendicular) cut can be made on the other side. To reduce metal consumption, the tongue at the front end of the roll that has not been removed can be used as the beveled section; this tongue can be used as a piling guide after straightening.

[0019] The angle β of the oblique section can vary between 0 and 30 degrees, because an increase in angle may reduce the strength of the web 1 and cause bending in the initial stage of driving the sheet pile wall; while an angle β greater than 10 degrees can only be achieved outside the process flow, which requires the installation of additional pile body trimming equipment, resulting in additional metal loss in the form of waste.

[0020] Therefore, this technology can improve formation penetration, making the proposed structure applicable to rock, permafrost and other formations with high formation penetration resistance.

[0021] Brief description of the attached diagram The present invention is described in summary with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 , Figure 2 Figure 3A and Figure 3B .

[0022] Figure 1 The overall view of the proposed sheet pile and its components is shown, wherein: 1-web; 2-flange; 3-locking.

[0023] Figure 2 The cross-sectional view of the proposed U-shaped sheet pile is shown, in which: H is the total height of the sheet pile; h is the working height of the sheet pile, and 2h is the height of the sheet pile wall; B is the total width of the sheet pile; b is the working width of the sheet pile; t is the thickness of the web of the sheet pile; s is the thickness of the sheet pile flange; α is the flange slope angle; r is the inner radius of the corner at the connection between the web and the flange of the sheet pile; R1 is the radius of the external internal tangent interface at the connection between the web and the flange of the sheet pile.

[0024] R2 is the radius of the outermost interface between the web and the flange of the sheet pile; R3 is the radius of the external tangent interface between the web and flange of the sheet pile.

[0025] Figure 3A is an end view of the inclined pile, where the initial contact area with the stratum is indicated by a shaded line.

[0026] Figure 3B Figure 3A shows a side view of the pile, where β is the cutting angle.

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention The device proposed in this invention includes a web 1 and lateral flanges 2 adjacent to the web 1. The lateral flanges 2 form a concave angle with the web 1 and are symmetrically arranged with respect to a plane perpendicular to the web 1. A locking buckle 3 is provided at the free end of the lateral flange 2. On the outer surface of the pile, in the transition region between the web 1 and the lateral flange 2, the radius R1 of the outer inscribed circle adjacent to the lateral flange 2 is 25 to 60 mm, the radius R2 of the outer circumscribed circle connecting the outer inscribed circles R1 and R3 is 12.5 to 30 mm, and the radius R3 of the outer inscribed circle adjacent to the web 1 is 80 to 300 mm. The radius ratio R1 / R2 is not less than 1.5, and the radius ratio R3 / R2 is not less than 2. The pile may also have a chamfered surface with an angle β of 0 to 30 degrees.

[0028] The working principle of this equipment is as follows: The pile is installed onto the pile driver and driven into the ground. Due to the use of a transition radius, the contact area between the sheet pile wall and the ground is increased, thereby improving ground penetration and protecting other components of the pile from deformation and stress. When using sheet piles with inclined surfaces, the dynamic driving force of the sheet pile is also reduced.

[0029] Therefore, the present invention is capable of: - Improve formation penetration; - This type of sheet pile, with a structure different from existing similar products (existing technology), is obtained through hot rolling on a special rolling mill; - Maintain structural stiffness and torsional characteristics (including the bending moment resistance of the sheet pile wall) comparable to existing similar products.

Claims

1. A U-shaped sheet pile, comprising a web (1) and lateral flanges (2) adjacent to the web (1), wherein the lateral flanges (2) form a concave angle with the web (1) and are arranged symmetrically about a plane perpendicular to the web (1); wherein, The sheet pile is provided with a locking buckle (3) at the free end of the lateral flange (2); characterized in that, in the transition region between the web (1) and the lateral flange (2), the outer surface of the sheet pile has three interface radii: The radius (R1) of the outer inscribed circle adjacent to the lateral flange (2) ranges from 25 to 60 mm; The radius (R3) of the outer inscribed circle adjacent to the web (1) ranges from 80 to 300 mm; and The radius of the outer circumscribed circle (R2) connecting the outer inscribed circle radius (R1) and the outer inscribed circle radius (R3) ranges from 12.5 to 30 mm; Among them, the radius ratio R1 / R2 is not less than 1.5, and R3 / R2 is not less than 2.

2. The sheet pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, It has a beveled surface with an angle (β) of 0 to 30 degrees.

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