An intelligent hilling machine and hilling method for potato planting

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent hilling machine and hilling method based on potato planting, which comprises symmetrical support frames, bottom support frames are installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the support frames, moving wheels are rotatably installed inside the bottom sides of the bottom support frames, and an auxiliary hilling mechanism is arranged on the support frames and used for realizing the auxiliary compaction operation of hilling and soil piling. The application relates to the technical field of planting mechanical equipment. The intelligent hilling machine and hilling method based on potato planting are provided with the auxiliary hilling mechanism, the pneumatic driving and mechanical linkage design of the adjusting part are adopted, the problem that the traditional hilling machine needs to be stopped and disassembled and manually operated for depth adjustment is solved, the piston rod is used for stably driving the vertical blocks to move, the guiding and limiting of the convex blocks and the concave grooves are matched, the transmission linkage of the hollow plates and the connecting shafts is matched, the hilling shovel angle is realized, the hilling depth is accurately controlled, the adjusting part and the extension part are cooperatively designed, the compaction mechanism is dynamically adapted to the hilling depth and the ridge shape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of planting machinery and equipment technology, specifically to an intelligent hilling machine and hilling method for potato planting. Background Technology

[0002] In potato cultivation, hilling is a crucial field operation. Its main functions are to loosen the soil, bury weeds, fix the roots of potato seedlings, and promote tuber enlargement. At the same time, it can effectively prevent potato tubers from being exposed to sunlight and turning green, which would affect quality and food safety. Currently, most hilling machines used in potato cultivation are traditional mechanical structures, which have many shortcomings and cannot meet the needs of large-scale and precise planting.

[0003] The reference patent title is: A potato planting spiral ridging machine (patent publication number: CN204442936U, patent publication date: 2015-07-08), which includes a frame, support wheel frames arranged on both sides of the lower front of the frame, a three-point suspension device arranged on the upper front of the frame, support wheels arranged on the support wheel frames, rotary tiller frames arranged on both sides of the lower rear of the frame, a rotary tiller shaft arranged at the lower end of the rotary tiller frame, a plurality of rotary tiller blades mounted on the rotary tiller shaft, a gearbox arranged in the middle of the frame, drive sprockets arranged on the output shafts at both ends of the gearbox, driven sprockets arranged on the inner end of the rotary tiller shaft, and a chain arranged between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket.

[0004] Based on the description in the above documents, existing traditional hilling machines set the hilling depth through a fixed mechanical structure. The adjustment process requires stopping the machine, disassembling parts, and manual adjustment. Furthermore, the ridges after hilling are relatively loose, which can cause slippage and shallower furrows, affecting subsequent planting. In addition, the auxiliary compaction components cannot be adjusted to accommodate the hilling depth. Therefore, this invention provides an intelligent hilling machine and hilling method for potato planting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent hilling machine and hilling method for potato planting, which solves the problems of inconvenient hilling depth adjustment, lack of auxiliary compaction after hilling affecting planting, and poor compatibility between the compaction mechanism and the hilling state.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent hilling machine for potato planting, comprising a symmetrical support frame, with bottom support frames installed on both the front and rear sides of the bottom of the support frame, and movable wheels rotatably mounted inside the bottom side of the bottom support frames. Furthermore, an auxiliary hilling mechanism is provided on the support frame to assist in hilling and compaction operations. The auxiliary hilling mechanism includes: The embankment shovel has an adjustable mechanism to allow for adjustment of the embankment depth. The compaction section includes a transmission box, a push handle is installed on the rear side of the transmission box, and the drive unit inside the transmission box causes the symmetrical concave frame to reciprocate. The interior of the concave frame, through the adjustment component and the real-time control of the adjustment unit, allows the compaction plate to adjust its tilt angle. At the same time, as the compaction plate adjusts its angle, the extension component inside it extends synchronously to expand the area of ​​auxiliary compaction.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment unit includes: A fixed frame is installed on the front side of the top of the support frame, and a pneumatic component is provided on the fixed frame to drive the vertical block to move in the vertical direction. The vertical block and the support frame are kept in vertical motion by a sliding component. A hollow plate has a moving groove inside, and a rotating rod is installed at the front end of the hollow plate. The end face of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the side of the vertical block, and a connecting shaft is rotatably installed at the rear end of the hollow plate. The central shaft is rotatably mounted on the side of the support frame, and a rolling ring is installed at the end of the central shaft. The rolling ring slides inside the moving groove and does not disengage.

[0008] Preferably, the pneumatic component includes a cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame, and a piston rod is slidably connected inside the cylinder. The bottom end of the piston rod passes through the fixed frame and extends to the bottom of the fixed frame to connect and fix with the top of the vertical block. During the downward movement of the vertical block, the front side of the soil-spreading shovel rotates downward. The sliding component includes a convex block fixedly installed on the rear side of the vertical block, and a concave groove is provided on the surface of the support frame below the fixed frame, and the convex block and the concave groove are adapted to slide.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment unit further includes a control frame, and a soil-laying frame is installed on the bottom side of the control frame by bolts, while a soil-laying shovel is installed on the lower end of the soil-laying frame by bolts, keeping the tip facing forward. A connecting frame is installed on the top side of the control frame, and an adjustment shaft is installed at the rear end of the left and right sides of the control frame. The adjustment shaft is rotatably installed on the side of the support frame, and a protruding plate is fixedly installed on the front side of the control frame. The end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the protruding plate.

[0010] Preferably, the driving unit includes: The drive motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the transmission box cavity, and one end of the drive motor output shaft is equipped with a threaded rod in both directions via a coupling. The ends of the threaded rod in both directions rotate with the left side of the transmission box cavity. The movable sleeve is provided with a pair of threads that are threaded to the positive and negative threads of the threaded rods. Vertical plates are symmetrically installed on the bottom side of the movable sleeve and on the top side of the concave frame. The bottom of the transmission box is provided with a sliding groove that is adapted to slide with the vertical plates. The vertical plates extend through to the inside of the sliding groove and slide relative to the sliding groove.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting element includes: The servo motor is fixedly installed on the side of the concave frame, and the rotation angle of the servo motor is related to the moving distance of the cylinder. The arc block is fixed to one side of the compaction plate at its flat surface, while one end of the servo motor output shaft extends through to the inside of the concave frame and is fixed to the side of the arc block, so as to enable the servo motor to drive the arc block to rotate within the range of 0 to 60°.

[0012] Preferably, the cylinder drives the vertical movement, and the vertical change distance of the shovel after rotating at the corresponding angle is determined according to the vertical movement distance. At this time, the servo motor drives the compaction plate to rotate, and the vertical change distance of the compaction plate after rotating at the corresponding angle is half of the vertical change distance of the shovel, so that the soil filling depth and the auxiliary compaction length correspond.

[0013] Preferably, the extension includes: The extension plates are symmetrically arranged above and below the compaction plate, and the top and bottom sides of the compaction plate are provided with extension grooves. The extension plates can move in the extension grooves. The symmetrical extension plates can move in relative or opposite directions through a transmission component. The sealing plate is located inside the compaction plate and is fixed to the bottom extension plate by a support rod. The side of the compaction plate has a placement groove, and the sealing plate slides inside the placement groove. An extension rod is installed on the outside of the sealing plate, and a rotating roller is rotated at the end of the extension rod. A limit plate is installed on the bottom side of the concave frame. The bottom of the limit plate is in contact with the surface of the rotating roller. That is, when the compaction plate rotates, the rotating roller is squeezed by the limit plate, causing the sealing plate to move.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission component includes: The positioning shaft is rotatably installed at the center of the inner cavity of the compaction plate, and the end of the compaction plate is fixed with a transmission rod. Both ends of the transmission rod are connected to a linkage rod via a rotating pin, and the far end of the linkage rod rotates with the surface of the extension plate via a rotating pin. The abutment spring is fixed at both ends to the opposite sides of the extension plate, and the restoring force of the abutment spring, when not affected by external force, causes the extension plate to move inward toward the compaction plate.

[0015] This invention also discloses an intelligent hilling method for potato cultivation, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the hilling depth of the hilling shovel according to the needs of potato planting, and use the adjustment part to adjust the hilling shovel; S2. Then, the adjustment components are used to adjust and extend the compaction plate, and then the support frame is connected to the traction equipment. S3. The soil is piled up using a soil-piling shovel, and the compaction plate is used to compact the ridges using the drive unit at the same time.

[0016] This invention provides an intelligent hilling machine and hilling method for potato planting. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages: 1. This intelligent hilling machine and hilling method for potato planting solves the problems of traditional hilling machines requiring machine stoppage and manual operation for depth adjustment by setting up an auxiliary hilling mechanism and through the pneumatic drive and mechanical linkage design of the adjustment unit. It uses a piston rod to drive the vertical block to move smoothly, and with the guide limit of the convex block and concave groove, as well as the transmission linkage of the hollow plate and connecting shaft, the hilling shovel angle can be accurately controlled to achieve precise control of the hilling depth. At the same time, the collaborative design of the adjustment part and the extension part allows for dynamic adaptation of the compaction mechanism to the hilling depth and ridge shape.

[0017] 2. This intelligent hilling machine and method for potato planting significantly improves field operation efficiency through a synchronized hilling and compaction operation mode. The hilling depth adjustment is linked with the compaction angle and area adjustment in real time, eliminating the need for manual calibration and enabling continuous operation without interruption. At the same time, the drive unit drives the threaded rod in both directions to rotate through the drive motor, driving the concave frame and compaction plate to move back and forth, achieving uniform reciprocating compaction of the ridge. The entire set of equipment can be quickly connected to external traction equipment through the connecting frame, adapting to the continuous operation needs of large-scale potato planting and improving the overall planting operation efficiency.

[0018] 3. This intelligent hilling machine and method for potato planting, through the setting of adjustment components, drives the compaction plate to rotate synchronously within the range of 0-60° by the linkage of servo motor and cylinder electrical signal, and the vertical change distance of the compaction plate is always half of the hilling shovel, ensuring that the compacted surface fits tightly with the ridge outline. At the same time, when the compaction plate rotates, the limit plate squeezes the rotating roller, causing the extension plate to adaptively extend and retract along the extension groove, dynamically expanding or shrinking the compaction area, effectively avoiding problems such as missed compaction, over-compaction, or ridge slippage, so that the soil permeability and stability after hilling are both taken into account. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjusting part of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment part of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil-raising shovel of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the compaction part of the present invention; Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the transmission box of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the lower part of the transmission box of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the compaction plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjusting component of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Support frame, 2-Bottom support frame, 3-Moving wheel, 4-Soil-spreading shovel, 5-Adjusting part, 51-Fixed frame, 52-Pneumatic component, 521-Cylinder, 522-Piston rod, 53-Vertical block, 54-Sliding component, 541-Convex block, 542-Concave groove, 55-Hollow plate, 56-Rotating rod, 57-Moving groove, 58-Connecting shaft, 59-Central shaft, 510-Rolling ring, 511-Control frame, 512-Soil-spreading frame, 513-Connecting frame, 514-Adjusting shaft, 515-Protruding plate, 6-Compacting part, 61-Transmission Box, 62-Push handle, 63-Concave frame, 64-Compacting plate, 7-Drive unit, 71-Drive motor, 72-Forward and reverse threaded rod, 73-Moving sleeve, 74-Vertical plate, 75-Sliding groove, 8-Adjusting component, 81-Servo motor, 82-Arc block, 9-Extension component, 91-Extension plate, 92-Extension groove, 93-Transmission component, 931-Positioning shaft, 932-Transmission rod, 933-Linkage rod, 934-Abutting spring, 94-Sealing plate, 95-Placement groove, 96-Extension rod, 97-Rotating roller, 98-Limiting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides two technical solutions: Example 1: A smart hilling machine for potato planting includes a symmetrical support frame 1, with bottom support frames 2 installed on both the front and rear sides of the bottom of the support frame 1. The bottom support frames 2 are rotatably mounted with casters 3 on their inner sides. An auxiliary hilling mechanism is provided on the support frame 1 to assist in hilling and compaction operations. The auxiliary hilling mechanism includes: The soil-laying shovel 4 is equipped with an adjustment part 5 to adjust the soil-laying depth. The compaction unit 6 includes a transmission box 61. A push handle 62 is installed on the rear side of the transmission box 61. The drive unit 7 inside the transmission box 61 causes the symmetrical concave frame 63 to reciprocate. The interior of the concave frame 63 is adjusted by the adjustment member 8 in conjunction with the real-time control of the adjustment unit 5, so that the compaction plate 64 can be tilted at an angle. At the same time, the extension member 9 inside the compaction plate 64 extends synchronously to expand the area of ​​auxiliary compaction while the angle of the compaction plate 64 is adjusted.

[0023] By incorporating an auxiliary hilling mechanism and employing a pneumatic drive and mechanical linkage design in the adjustment unit 5, the problem of traditional hilling machines requiring shutdown for disassembly and manual operation for depth adjustment is solved. The piston rod 522 drives the vertical block 53 to move smoothly, and with the guidance and limiting of the convex block 541 and concave groove 542, as well as the transmission linkage of the hollow plate 55 and connecting shaft 58, the hilling shovel 4 angle is adjusted to precisely control the hilling depth. At the same time, the coordinated design of the adjustment part 8 and the extension part 9 allows for dynamic adaptation of the compaction mechanism to the hilling depth and ridge shape.

[0024] Please see Figures 3-4 In this embodiment of the invention, the adjustment unit 5 includes: A fixed frame 51 is installed on the front side of the top of the support frame 1, and a pneumatic component 52 is provided on the fixed frame 51 to drive the vertical block 53 to move in the vertical direction. The vertical block 53 and the support frame 1 are kept in vertical movement by a sliding component 54. Hollow plate 55, with a moving groove 57 inside the hollow plate 55, and a rotating rod 56 installed at the front end of the hollow plate 55, and the end face of the rotating rod 56 is rotatably connected to the side of the vertical block 53, and a connecting shaft 58 is rotatably installed at the rear end of the hollow plate 55. The central shaft 59 is rotatably mounted on the side of the support frame 1, and a rolling ring 510 is mounted on the end of the central shaft 59. The rolling ring 510 slides inside the moving groove 57 without disengaging.

[0025] The movable groove 57 inside the hollow plate 55 has an arc-shaped structure, and the curvature is adapted to the movement trajectory of the rolling ring 510. A wear-resistant rubber ring is installed at the contact point between the rolling ring 510 and the inner wall of the movable groove 57, which not only ensures smooth sliding but also buffers the transmission impact force.

[0026] The rear end of the hollow plate 55 is fixed to the protruding plate 515 on the front side of the control frame 511 via the connecting shaft 58. When the rear end of the hollow plate 55 rotates upward, it drives the control frame 511 to rotate around the adjusting shaft 514, causing the tip of the soil-laying shovel 4 on the soil-laying frame 512 at the bottom of the control frame 511 to deflect downward, thereby increasing the soil-laying depth. Conversely, the cylinder 521 drives the piston rod 522 to move upward, causing the tip of the soil-laying shovel 4 to deflect upward, thereby decreasing the soil-laying depth.

[0027] Please see Figure 3In this embodiment of the invention, the pneumatic component 52 includes a cylinder 521 fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame 51, and a piston rod 522 is slidably connected inside the cylinder 521. The bottom end of the piston rod 522 passes through the fixed frame 51 and extends to the bottom of the fixed frame 51 to connect and fix with the top of the vertical block 53. During the downward movement of the vertical block 53, the front side of the soil-spreading shovel 4 rotates downward.

[0028] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment of the invention, the sliding member 54 includes a convex block 541 fixedly installed on the rear side of the vertical block 53, and a concave groove 542 is provided on the surface of the support frame 1 below the fixed frame 51, and the convex block 541 and the concave groove 542 are adapted to slide.

[0029] The convex block 541 on the rear side of the vertical block 53 and the concave groove 542 of the support frame 1 are in clearance fit. The surface of the convex block 541 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to ensure that there is no jamming when moving vertically, and at the same time to avoid wear caused by long-term sliding.

[0030] Please see Figure 4 In this embodiment of the invention, the adjustment unit 5 further includes a control frame 511, and a soil-laying frame 512 is installed on the bottom side of the control frame 511 by bolts. The soil-laying shovel 4 is installed on the lower end of the soil-laying frame 512 by bolts, keeping the tip facing forward. A connecting frame 513 is installed on the top side of the control frame 511. At the same time, an adjustment shaft 514 is installed at the rear end of the left and right sides of the control frame 511. The adjustment shaft 514 is rotatably installed on the side of the support frame 1. A protruding plate 515 is fixedly installed on the front side of the control frame 511. The end of the connecting shaft 58 is fixedly connected to the protruding plate 515.

[0031] The soil-covering shovel 4 and the soil-covering frame 512 are fixed together by high-strength bolts. The bolt holes are countersunk to prevent soil or weeds from getting caught during operation.

[0032] Please see Figures 6-7 In this embodiment of the invention, the driving unit 7 includes: The drive motor 71 is fixedly installed on the right side of the inner cavity of the transmission box 61, and one end of the output shaft of the drive motor 71 is equipped with a threaded rod 72 in both directions via a coupling. The ends of the threaded rod 72 in both directions rotate with the left side of the inner cavity of the transmission box 61. The movable sleeve 73 is provided with a pair of threads that are threaded to the positive and negative threads of the threaded rod 72. Vertical plates 74 are symmetrically installed on the bottom side of the movable sleeve 73 and on the top side of the concave frame 63. The bottom of the transmission box 61 is provided with a sliding groove 75 that is adapted to slide with the vertical plate 74. The vertical plate 74 extends through to the inside of the sliding groove 75 and slides relative to the sliding groove 75.

[0033] Please see Figures 7-8 and Figure 10 In this embodiment of the invention, the adjusting member 8 includes: The servo motor 81 is fixedly installed on the side of the concave frame 63, and the rotation angle of the servo motor 81 is related to the moving distance of the cylinder 521. The arc block 82 is fixed to one side of the compaction plate 64 at its flat surface, while one end of the output shaft of the servo motor 81 extends through to the inner side of the concave frame 63 and is fixed to the side of the arc block 82, so that the servo motor 81 drives the arc block 82 to rotate within the range of 0 to 60°.

[0034] The drive motor 71 is a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the servo motor 81 has a locking function to maintain the limit operation after the rotation control operation.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 6 In this embodiment of the invention, the cylinder 521 drives the vertical movement, and determines the vertical change distance of the shovel 4 after rotating at the corresponding angle based on the vertical movement distance. At this time, the servo motor 81 drives the compaction plate 64 to rotate, and the vertical change distance of the compaction plate 64 after rotating at the corresponding angle is half of the vertical change distance of the shovel 4, so that the soil filling depth and the auxiliary compaction length correspond.

[0036] By implementing a synchronized operation mode of hilling and compaction, the efficiency of field operations is greatly improved. The hilling depth adjustment is linked with the compaction angle and area adjustment in real time, eliminating the need for manual calibration and enabling continuous operation without interruption. At the same time, the drive unit 7 drives the threaded rod 72 in both directions to rotate through the drive motor 71, driving the concave frame 63 and the compaction plate 64 to move back and forth, achieving uniform reciprocating compaction of the ridge. The entire set of equipment can be quickly connected to external traction equipment through the connecting frame 513, adapting to the continuous operation needs of large-scale potato planting and improving the overall planting efficiency.

[0037] Among them, the output shaft of the servo motor 81 is fixed to the arc block 82, the plane of the arc block 82 is connected to the compaction plate 64, which drives the compaction plate 64 to rotate synchronously with the soil depth, and the vertical change distance of the compaction plate 64 is always half of the vertical change distance of the soil shovel 4, ensuring that the soil ridge shape and the compaction surface are precisely aligned. The servo motor 81 and the cylinder 521 are linked by an electrical signal through a PLC controller. The controller has a built-in preset program that stores multiple sets of rotation angle parameters of the compaction plate 64 corresponding to different soil depths. For example, when the soil depth increases by 20mm, the servo motor 81 drives the arc block 82 to rotate by 30°, and the compaction plate 64 changes vertical distance by 10mm.

[0038] Please see Figures 8-10 In this embodiment of the invention, the extension member 9 includes: The extension plates 91 are symmetrically arranged above and below the compaction plate 64, and the top and bottom sides of the compaction plate 64 are provided with extension grooves 92, and the extension plates 91 can move in the extension grooves 92. The symmetrical extension plates 91 can move in relative or opposite directions through the transmission component 93. The sealing plate 94 is located inside the compaction plate 64 and is fixed to the bottom extension plate 91 by a support rod. The side of the compaction plate 64 is provided with a placement groove 95. The sealing plate 94 slides inside the placement groove 95. An extension rod 96 is installed on the outside of the sealing plate 94, and a rotating roller 97 is rotatably attached to the end of the extension rod 96. A limiting plate 98 is installed on the bottom side of the concave frame 63. The bottom of the limiting plate 98 contacts the surface of the rotating roller 97. That is, when the compaction plate 64 rotates, the rotating roller 97 is squeezed by the limiting plate 98, causing the sealing plate 94 to move.

[0039] Please see Figures 8-9 In this embodiment of the invention, the transmission component 93 includes: The positioning shaft 931 is rotatably installed at the center of the inner cavity of the compaction plate 64, and the end of the compaction plate 64 is fixed with a transmission rod 932. The two ends of the transmission rod 932 are connected to a linkage rod 933 via a rotating pin, and the far end of the linkage rod 933 rotates with the surface of the extension plate 91 via a rotating pin. The abutment spring 934 is fixed at both ends to the opposite sides of the extension plate 91, and the restoring force of the abutment spring 934, when not affected by external force, causes the extension plate 91 to move inward toward the compaction plate 64.

[0040] With the adjustment component 8, the servo motor 81 and the cylinder 521 are electrically linked to drive the compaction plate 64 to rotate synchronously within the range of 0-60°. The vertical change distance of the compaction plate 64 is always half of the soil-laying shovel 4, ensuring that the compacted surface fits tightly with the ridge outline. At the same time, when the compaction plate 64 rotates, the limiting plate 98 squeezes the rotating roller 97, causing the extension plate 91 to adaptively extend and retract along the extension groove 92, dynamically expanding or shrinking the compaction area. This effectively avoids problems such as missed compaction, over-compaction, or ridge slippage, ensuring that the soil permeability and stability after soil laying are both taken into account.

[0041] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that: the present invention also discloses an intelligent hilling method for potato planting, specifically including the following steps: S1. Adjust the soil-laying depth of the hilling shovel 4 according to the needs of potato planting, and use the adjustment part 5 to adjust the hilling shovel 4. S2. Then, the adjustment and extension of the compaction plate 64 are achieved by using the adjustment component 8, and then the support frame 1 is connected to the traction device. S3. The soil-laying operation is carried out by the soil-laying shovel 4, and at the same time the soil is laid, the compaction plate 64 is compacted on the ridge by the drive unit 7.

[0042] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0043] During operation, the cylinder 521 of the adjustment unit 5 is activated, causing the piston rod 522 to drive the vertical block 53 to move vertically upward along the concave groove 542. The rotating rod 56 pulls the hollow plate 55, causing the rolling ring 510 to slide in the moving groove 57, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 58 to drive the protruding plate 515 and the control frame 511 to rotate around the adjustment shaft 514, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the soil-laying shovel 4 and accurately controlling the soil-laying depth. The servo motor 81 of the adjusting component 8 is linked with the cylinder 521. According to the vertical movement distance of the soil-laying shovel 4, the arc block 82 drives the compaction plate 64 to rotate within the range of 0-60°. The vertical change distance of the compaction plate 64 is half of that of the soil-laying shovel 4, ensuring that the soil-laying depth matches the compaction length. The servo motor 81 drives the arc block 82 and the compaction plate 64 to rotate synchronously at a small angle to achieve the required change in tilt direction; Meanwhile, when the compaction plate 64 rotates, its inner extension 9 moves synchronously. The rotating roller 97 at the end of the outer extension rod 96 of the sealing plate 94 is in continuous contact with the limiting plate 98 on the bottom side of the concave frame 63. The lateral force generated by the deflection of the compaction plate 64 causes the limiting plate 98 to squeeze the rotating roller 97, pushing the sealing plate 94 to move outward along the placement groove 95, thereby driving the extension plate 91 to move. When the bottom extension plate 91 moves, it pulls the transmission rod 932 to rotate around the positioning shaft 931 through the linkage rod 933, thereby pushing the top extension plate 91 to extend. When the compaction plate 64 is reset, the reset force of the abutment spring 934 pulls the extension plate 91 back, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the compaction area. Connect the connecting frame 513 to an external traction device such as a tractor, and drive the whole machine to move along the planting ridge through the moving wheels 3. The soil-covering shovel 4 cuts into the soil with the tip facing forward to complete the soil-covering operation. Start the drive motor 71 in the transmission box 61. The drive motor 71 drives the threaded rod 72 in the positive and negative directions to rotate through the coupling. A pair of movable sleeves 73 are respectively connected to the positive and negative threads of the threaded rod 72. When the threaded rod rotates, it drives the movable sleeves 73 to move back and forth in the opposite or opposite directions. The movable sleeves 73 slide along the sliding groove 75 through the vertical plate 74, which drives the concave frame 63 to move back and forth synchronously. This allows the compaction plate 64 at the bottom of the concave frame 63 to compact the ridge after soil filling evenly and repeatedly, thereby enhancing soil aeration and the root fixation effect of the potato seedlings.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart hilling machine for potato planting, comprising a symmetrical support frame (1), wherein a bottom support frame (2) is installed on both the front and rear sides of the bottom of the support frame (1), and a movable wheel (3) is rotatably installed inside the bottom side of the bottom support frame (2), characterized in that: Furthermore, the support frame (1) is equipped with an auxiliary soil-building mechanism to facilitate soil-building and compaction operations. The auxiliary soil-building mechanism includes: The soil-laying shovel (4) is equipped with an adjustment part (5) to adjust the soil-laying depth of the soil-laying shovel (4); The compaction section (6) includes a transmission box (61). A push handle (62) is installed on the rear side of the transmission box (61). The drive unit (7) inside the transmission box (61) causes the symmetrical concave frame (63) to reciprocate. The interior of the concave frame (63) is adjusted by the adjustment part (8) in conjunction with the real-time control of the adjustment part (5) to make the compaction plate (64) tilt angle adjusted. At the same time, the compaction plate (64) causes the extension part (9) inside to extend and expand the area of ​​auxiliary compaction while the angle is adjusted.

2. The intelligent hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment unit (5) includes: A fixed frame (51) is installed on the front side of the top of the support frame (1), and a pneumatic component (52) is provided on the fixed frame (51) to drive the vertical block (53) to move in the vertical direction, while the vertical block (53) and the support frame (1) are kept in vertical movement by a sliding component (54); Hollow plate (55), with a moving groove (57) inside the hollow plate (55), and a rotating rod (56) installed at the front end of the hollow plate (55), and the end face of the rotating rod (56) is rotatably connected to the side of the vertical block (53), and a connecting shaft (58) is rotatably installed at the rear end of the hollow plate (55). A central shaft (59) is rotatably mounted on the side of the support frame (1), and a rolling ring (510) is mounted on the end of the central shaft (59), and the rolling ring (510) slides inside the moving groove (57) without disengaging.

3. The intelligent hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pneumatic component (52) includes a cylinder (521) fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame (51), and a piston rod (522) is slidably connected inside the cylinder (521). The bottom end of the piston rod (522) passes through the fixed frame (51) and extends to the bottom of the fixed frame (51) to connect and fix with the top of the vertical block (53). During the downward movement of the vertical block (53), the front side of the soil-laying shovel (4) rotates downward. The sliding member (54) includes a convex block (541) fixedly installed on the rear side of the vertical block (53), and a concave groove (542) is provided on the surface of the support frame (1) below the fixed frame (51), and the convex block (541) and the concave groove (542) are adapted to slide.

4. The intelligent hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment unit (5) also includes a control frame (511), and a soil-laying frame (512) is installed on the bottom side of the control frame (511) by bolts. The soil-laying shovel (4) is installed on the lower end of the soil-laying frame (512) by bolts, keeping the tip facing forward. A connecting frame (513) is installed on the top side of the control frame (511). At the same time, an adjustment shaft (514) is installed at the rear end of the left and right sides of the control frame (511). The adjustment shaft (514) is rotatably installed on the side of the support frame (1). A protruding plate (515) is fixedly installed on the front side of the control frame (511). The end of the connecting shaft (58) is fixedly connected to the protruding plate (515).

5. The intelligent hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit (7) includes: The drive motor (71) is fixedly installed on the right side of the inner cavity of the transmission box (61), and one end of the output shaft of the drive motor (71) is equipped with a threaded rod (72) in both directions through a coupling. The ends of the threaded rod (72) in both directions rotate with the left side of the inner cavity of the transmission box (61). The movable sleeve (73) is provided with a pair of threads that are threaded to the threads of the threaded rod (72) in the positive and negative directions. Vertical plates (74) are symmetrically installed on the bottom side of the movable sleeve (73). The vertical plates (74) are symmetrically installed on the top side of the concave frame (63). The bottom of the transmission box (61) is provided with a sliding groove (75) that is adapted to slide with the vertical plates (74). The vertical plates (74) extend through to the inside of the sliding groove (75) and slide relative to the sliding groove (75).

6. The intelligent hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment component (8) includes: A servo motor (81) is fixedly installed on the side of the concave frame (63), and the rotation angle of the servo motor (81) is related to the moving distance of the cylinder (521). The arc block (82) is fixed to one side of the compaction plate (64) at its flat surface, and one end of the output shaft of the servo motor (81) extends through to the inner side of the concave frame (63) and is fixed to the side of the arc block (82) so that the servo motor (81) drives the arc block (82) to rotate within the range of 0 to 60°.

7. The intelligent hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder (521) is driven to move vertical distance, and the vertical change distance of the soil-laying shovel (4) after rotating at the corresponding angle is determined according to the vertical movement distance. At this time, the servo motor (81) is driven to rotate the compaction plate (64), and the vertical change distance of the compaction plate (64) after rotating at the corresponding angle is half of the vertical change distance of the soil-laying shovel (4), so that the soil-laying depth and the auxiliary compaction length correspond.

8. The intelligent hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension (9) includes: The extension plates (91) are symmetrically arranged above and below the compaction plate (64), and the top and bottom sides of the compaction plate (64) are provided with extension grooves (92), and the extension plates (91) move in the extension grooves (92). The symmetrical extension plates (91) move in opposite directions through the transmission component (93). The sealing plate (94) is located inside the compaction plate (64) and is fixed to the bottom extension plate (91) by a support rod. The side of the compaction plate (64) is provided with a placement groove (95). The sealing plate (94) slides inside the placement groove (95). An extension rod (96) is installed on the outside of the sealing plate (94). A rotating roller (97) rotates at the end of the extension rod (96). A limiting plate (98) is installed on the bottom side of the concave frame (63). The bottom of the limiting plate (98) contacts the surface of the rotating roller (97). That is, when the compaction plate (64) rotates, the rotating roller (97) is squeezed by the limiting plate (98), causing the sealing plate (94) to move.

9. A smart hilling machine for potato planting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission component (93) includes: The positioning shaft (931) is rotatably installed at the center of the inner cavity of the compaction plate (64), and the end of the compaction plate (64) is fixed with a transmission rod (932). The two ends of the transmission rod (932) are connected to a linkage rod (933) via a rotating pin, and the far end of the linkage rod (933) rotates with the surface of the extension plate (91) via a rotating pin. The abutment spring (934) is fixed at both ends to the opposite side of the extension plate (91), and the restoring force of the abutment spring (934) without the influence of external force causes the extension plate (91) to move inward toward the compaction plate (64).

10. A smart hilling method for potato planting, employing a smart hilling machine for potato planting as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Adjust the soil-laying depth of the hilling shovel (4) according to the needs of potato planting, and use the adjustment part (5) to adjust the hilling shovel (4); S2. Then, the adjustment and extension operation of the compaction plate (64) are realized by using the adjustment part (8), and then the support frame (1) is connected to the traction device. S3. The soil-laying operation is carried out by the soil-laying shovel (4), and the compaction plate (64) is used to compact the ridge at the same time as the soil-laying is carried out by the drive unit (7).

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