Minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor

Abstract

The application discloses a minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor, and relates to the technical field of medical devices, which comprises a fixing ring, an adjusting ring installed at the bottom end of the fixing ring through a bearing, and a retraction mechanism installed between the bottom end of the adjusting ring and both sides thereof. The retractor is characterized by the synergetic work of an adjusting box, a guide groove, a retraction frame, a retraction plate, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor. The guide groove provides a stable sliding track for the retraction frame. The internal structure of the adjusting box drives the retraction frame and the retraction plate to realize the tissue retraction action. Meanwhile, the first pressure sensor can sense the pressure data of the contact between the retraction plate and the tissue in real time. The second pressure sensor can monitor the transmission pressure of the retraction frame. The third pressure sensor can capture the driving-related output pressure. Thus, the quantitative control of the retraction force is realized. The retraction amplitude can be accurately adjusted to fully expose the surgical field, and the hidden injuries, such as bone necrosis caused by excessive force and soft tissue tearing, can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a tissue retractor for minimally invasive surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Minimally invasive surgery is a new type of surgical procedure that relies on precision instruments such as laparoscopy and endoscopy. Its core feature is that it only requires a tiny incision on the patient's skin. Through the incision, specialized instruments and imaging equipment are inserted into the body. The surgeon observes the surgical area and performs the surgical operation with the help of an external monitor. Compared with traditional open surgery, it has significant advantages such as less trauma, less bleeding, less postoperative pain, faster recovery, and fewer complications. It is widely used in many fields such as the abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity, joints, and brain. The retractor is an indispensable basic instrument in the operation. Its core function is to precisely retract the skin, muscles, organs and other tissues around the surgical area during the operation, fully expose the surgical field, avoid the surrounding tissues from obscuring the lesion and the operating area, and provide the surgeon with sufficient and stable space for cutting, hemostasis, suturing and other operations.

[0003] Chinese patent CN218045215U discloses a minimally invasive small incision retractor with a reasonable structure, ingenious design, and stable locking. The fixed arm, connecting arm, and retractor arm, as well as the movable arm, connecting arm, and retractor arm, can be connected by fixing screws. It can be bent at will according to the surgical method or location. The retractor is equipped with anti-slip teeth to fix the retracted part to the retractor. It is flexible and convenient to use and provides stable retraction.

[0004] When existing retractors are used in minimally invasive small incision surgeries, the retraction force lacks quantitative standards and relies entirely on the doctor's experience. This leads to uncontrollable retraction force, which can easily cause hidden tissue damage such as bone compression necrosis and soft tissue tearing, posing surgical risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tissue retractor for minimally invasive surgery to solve the problem of uncontrollable retraction force in existing retractors during minimally invasive surgery.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor, comprising a fixation ring;

[0007] An adjusting ring is mounted to the bottom end of the fixed ring via a bearing;

[0008] The pulling mechanism is installed between the two sides of the bottom end of the adjusting ring;

[0009] Two support frames are respectively installed at both ends of the fixing ring;

[0010] Two mounting mechanisms are respectively fitted onto the lower outer wall of the two support frames;

[0011] The pulling mechanism includes two adjusting boxes, four guide grooves, two pulling frames, two pulling plates, two first pressure sensors, four second pressure sensors, and two third pressure sensors. The two adjusting boxes are respectively installed on both sides of the bottom end of the adjusting ring. The four guide grooves are respectively opened on both sides of the opposite surface of the two adjusting boxes. The two pulling frames are respectively slidably installed in their respective two guide grooves. The two pulling plates are respectively installed at the bottom end of the two pulling frames. The two first pressure sensors are respectively embedded in the opposite surface of the two pulling plates. The four second pressure sensors are respectively embedded in both ends of the two pulling frames. The two third pressure sensors are respectively embedded in the middle of the opposite surface of the two adjusting boxes.

[0012] Furthermore, the pulling mechanism also includes two pulling drive assemblies, two drive shafts, two drive gears, four limiting strips, and four pulling racks. The two pulling drive assemblies are respectively installed in the middle of the opposite sides of the two adjustment boxes. The two drive shafts are respectively installed between the inner walls of the two sides of the two adjustment boxes through bearings. The two drive gears are respectively installed in the middle of the outer walls of the two drive shafts. The four limiting strips are respectively installed on the top inner wall and bottom inner wall of the two adjustment boxes. The four pulling racks are respectively slidably installed on the outer wall of each limiting strip.

[0013] Furthermore, the retraction mechanism also includes multiple anti-slip strips, four mounting ports, multiple positioning grooves, four positioning magnets, four threaded tubes, four threaded rods, and four rotating handles. The multiple anti-slip strips are respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two retraction plates. The four mounting ports are respectively opened on both sides of the bottom end of the two retraction frames. The multiple positioning grooves are respectively opened on the lower side of the inner wall on both sides of each mounting port. The four positioning magnets are respectively installed on both sides of the top end of the two retraction plates. The four threaded tubes are respectively embedded in the top end of each positioning magnet, and the lower part of the threaded tubes is embedded in the interior of the retraction plate. The four threaded rods are respectively installed inside each threaded tube. The four rotating handles are respectively installed on the top end of each threaded rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the installation mechanism includes an installation frame, a movable slide, a limiting protrusion, a locking bolt, and a clamping screw. The movable slide is located on one side of the top of the installation frame, and the installation frame is slidably connected to the support frame through the movable slide. The limiting protrusion is installed on the inner wall of the movable slide. The locking bolt is threadedly installed at the middle of one end of the installation frame, and the clamping screw is threadedly installed at the middle of the bottom end of the installation frame.

[0015] Furthermore, limit grooves are provided on opposite sides of both support frames. A controller is installed on the outer top of the right support frame. An angle drive assembly is installed on the inner top of both support frames. An adjusting gear is installed at the output end of both angle drive assemblies. The top ends of the two adjusting gears are respectively mounted on the inner top walls of the two support frames via bearings. Multiple adjusting teeth are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the adjusting ring. Reinforcing plates are installed on the other two sides of the outer wall of the adjusting ring. The bottom end of the reinforcing plate is installed on the top of the corresponding adjusting box.

[0016] Furthermore, the first pressure sensor is configured as a flexible pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor is configured as a thin-film pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor is located at the contact surface between the pull-out frame and the pull-out rack. The third pressure sensor is configured as a spoke-type pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is threadedly mounted to one end of the drive shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the retracting rack has a dovetail groove that matches the limiting strip, and the retracting rack meshes with the corresponding drive gear. The retracting rack is fixedly connected to the corresponding retracting frame. The retracting frame on the left side is set as a concave structure and is made of iron.

[0018] Furthermore, the length and width of the mounting opening are greater than the length and width of the rotating handle, respectively, and the positioning magnetic block magnetically engages with the corresponding positioning groove and is locked in place.

[0019] Furthermore, the limiting protrusion and the mounting frame are an integrated structure, and the limiting protrusion is slidably connected to the limiting groove. The top of the clamping screw is provided with a frustum clamping block.

[0020] Furthermore, both the angle driving component and the pulling mechanism are electrically connected to the controller, and the adjusting gear meshes with the corresponding adjusting gear block.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] (1) The present invention achieves tissue retraction action by coordinating the operation of the adjustment box, guide groove, retraction frame, retraction plate, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor. The guide groove provides a stable sliding trajectory for the retraction frame. The internal structure of the adjustment box drives the retraction frame and retraction plate to achieve tissue retraction action. At the same time, the first pressure sensor senses the pressure data of the retraction plate in contact with the tissue in real time, the second pressure sensor monitors the transmission pressure of the retraction frame, and the third pressure sensor captures the relevant output pressure of the drive. Thus, the quantitative control of the retraction force is realized. It can accurately adjust the retraction amplitude to fully expose the surgical field and avoid hidden damage such as bone compression necrosis and soft tissue tearing caused by excessive force.

[0023] (2) The present invention achieves tool-free quick disassembly and secure fixation of the pull-out plate through the coordinated work of the installation port, positioning groove, positioning magnetic block, threaded tube, threaded rod and rotating handle. During installation, the positioning magnetic block is inserted into the installation port. The positioning magnetic block and the positioning groove are first positioned by magnetic attraction. Then, the rotating handle is rotated to drive the threaded rod to tighten in the threaded tube, thus completing the double locking. During disassembly, the threaded fixation can be released by rotating the handle in the opposite direction. The magnetic positioning design also facilitates quick separation without the need for special disassembly tools.

[0024] (3) The present invention achieves flexible adaptation and position locking of the retractor and the operating table by working together with the installation frame, the moving slide, the limiting protrusion, the locking bolt and the clamping screw. The installation frame can slide up and down along the support frame through the moving slide, and can accurately adjust the installation height to adapt to different surgical positions and incision positions. After sliding to the target position, tightening the locking bolt can fix the height of the installation frame. Then, by rotating the clamping screw, it can be tightly clamped to the edge of the operating table to complete the stable fixation of the whole device. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A connection diagram of the adjusting ring and other components is provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the pulling mechanism is provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A structural cross-sectional view of the regulating box is provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A connection diagram of the traction frame and the traction plate is provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the traction frame is provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure of A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the installation mechanism is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Fixed ring; 2. Adjusting ring; 3. Pulling mechanism; 4. Support frame; 5. Mounting mechanism; 6. Limiting groove; 7. Controller; 8. Angle drive assembly; 9. Adjusting gear; 10. Adjusting gear block; 11. Reinforcing plate; 31. Adjusting box; 32. Guide groove; 33. Pulling frame; 34. Pulling plate; 35. First pressure sensor; 36. Second pressure sensor; 37. Third pressure sensor; 38. Pulling drive assembly; 39. Drive shaft; 310. Drive gear; 311. Limiting strip; 312. Pulling rack; 313. Anti-slip strip; 314. Mounting port; 315. Positioning groove; 316. Positioning magnet; 317. Threaded tube; 318. Threaded rod; 319. Rotating handle; 51. Mounting frame; 52. Moving slide; 53. Limiting protrusion; 54. Locking bolt; 55. Clamping screw. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8 As shown:

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] This invention provides a minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor, including a fixing ring 1, which is integrally molded from medical stainless steel, ensuring structural strength while reducing overall weight, and adapting to the space constraints of minimally invasive small incision surgery.

[0040] Adjusting ring 2 is mounted on the bottom end of fixed ring 1 via bearing. Adjusting ring 2 can rotate around the central axis of fixed ring 1 to meet the retraction requirements of different surgical angles.

[0041] The pulling mechanism 3 is installed between the two sides of the bottom end of the adjusting ring 2;

[0042] Two support frames 4 are installed at both ends of the fixing ring 1 respectively. They are made of titanium alloy and have an overall L-shaped structure. They are lightweight and high-strength, and can effectively support the main structure of the entire retractor.

[0043] Two mounting mechanisms 5 are respectively fitted onto the lower outer wall of the two support frames 4, used to fix the retractor to the edge of the operating table or a special bracket, to ensure the stability of the overall structure during the operation.

[0044] The pulling mechanism 3 includes two adjusting boxes 31, four guide grooves 32, two pulling frames 33, two pulling plates 34, two first pressure sensors 35, four second pressure sensors 36, and two third pressure sensors 37. The two adjusting boxes 31 are respectively installed on both sides of the bottom end of the adjusting ring 2. The four guide grooves 32 are respectively opened on both sides of the opposite surface of the two adjusting boxes 31. The two pulling frames 33 are respectively slidably installed in their respective two guide grooves 32. The two pulling plates 34 are respectively installed at the bottom end of the two pulling frames 33. The two first pressure sensors 35 are respectively embedded in the opposite surface of the two pulling plates 34. The four second pressure sensors 36 are respectively embedded in both ends of the two pulling frames 33. The two third pressure sensors 37 are respectively embedded in the middle of the opposite surface of the two adjusting boxes 31.

[0045] The pulling mechanism 3 also includes two pulling drive components 38, two drive shafts 39, two drive gears 310, four limit bars 311, and four pulling racks 312. The two pulling drive components 38 are respectively installed in the middle of the opposite sides of the two adjustment boxes 31. The pulling drive components 38 adopt micro servo motors, which have forward and reverse rotation functions and torque feedback characteristics, and can accurately control the pulling speed and amplitude. The two drive shafts 39 are respectively installed between the inner walls of the two sides of the two adjustment boxes 31 through bearings. The two drive gears 310 are respectively installed in the middle of the outer walls of the two drive shafts 39. The four limit bars 311 are respectively installed on the top inner wall and bottom inner wall of the two adjustment boxes 31. The four pulling racks 312 are respectively slidably installed on the outer wall of each limit bar 311. The module of the rack is matched with the drive gear 310 to ensure the smoothness of the meshing transmission.

[0046] Limiting grooves 6 are provided on the opposite sides of both support frames 4. A controller 7 is installed on the outer top of the right support frame 4. The controller 7 uses an STM32 series microcontroller as the core control unit and is equipped with a 2.4-inch touch screen, which can display information such as pressure sensor detection data, retraction amplitude, and working status of drive components in real time. It also has physical operation keys such as an emergency stop button, force adjustment knob, and rotation control button for convenient and rapid operation by the surgeon during the operation. An angle drive component 8 is installed on the inner top of both support frames 4. The angle drive component 8 uses a micro stepper motor. The machine has a self-locking function and can precisely control the rotation angle of the adjusting ring 2. The output ends of the two angle drive components 8 are equipped with adjusting gears 9, and the tops of the two adjusting gears 9 are respectively mounted on the top inner walls of the two support frames 4 through bearings. Multiple adjusting tooth blocks 10 are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the adjusting ring 2. Reinforcing plates 11 are installed on the other two sides of the outer wall of the adjusting ring 2, and the bottom end of the reinforcing plate 11 is installed on the top of the corresponding adjusting box 31. The reinforcing plate 11 is made of stainless steel to enhance the connection strength between the adjusting ring 2 and the adjusting box 31 and avoid deformation under force during operation.

[0047] The first pressure sensor 35 is a flexible pressure sensor with a medical silicone protective film covering its surface to prevent direct contact with tissue and damage. The second pressure sensor 36 is a thin-film pressure sensor located at the contact surface between the retractor 33 and the retractor rack 312. It determines the tightness of the meshing transmission by detecting the contact pressure. The third pressure sensor 37 is a spoke-type pressure sensor and is threaded to one end of the drive shaft 39 and arranged coaxially with the drive shaft 39 to ensure the accuracy of pressure detection.

[0048] The pull-out rack 312 is provided with a dovetail groove that matches the limiting strip 311. The dovetail groove and the limiting strip 311 cooperate to achieve precise guidance. The pull-out rack 312 meshes with the corresponding drive gear 310 to form a gear and rack transmission mechanism, which converts the rotational motion of the pull-out drive assembly 38 into the linear motion of the pull-out rack 312. The pull-out rack 312 is fixedly connected to the corresponding pull-out frame 33. The left pull-out frame 33 is set with a concave structure. The bottom surfaces of the two pull-out frames 33 are flush to improve the pull-out fit. The pull-out frame 33 is made of iron, which has both strength and magnetic compatibility.

[0049] Both the angle drive assembly 8 and the retraction mechanism 3 are electrically connected to the controller 7. The controller 7 receives the detection signals from the three pressure sensors through wires and controls the working state of the retraction drive assembly 38 and the angle drive assembly 8 according to the preset pressure threshold. When the detected pressure exceeds the threshold, the drive assembly automatically stops and an audible and visual alarm is issued. The adjusting gear 9 meshes with the corresponding adjusting gear block 10. The angle drive assembly 8 drives the adjusting gear 9 to rotate, thereby driving the adjusting ring 2 and the retraction mechanism 3 to rotate as a whole, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the retraction angle.

[0050] Working principle: First, the entire device is fixed to the operating table by the mounting mechanism 5. After the controller 7 is started, it first controls the retraction drive assembly 38 to work, driving the drive shaft 39 and its drive gear 310 to rotate. The drive gear 310 meshes with the corresponding retraction rack 312, and the retraction rack 312 slides with the limiting strip 311 through the dovetail groove, so that the retraction rack 312 drives the corresponding retraction frame 33 to slide smoothly along the guide groove 32. The retraction plate 34 at the bottom of the retraction frame 33 moves synchronously towards the tissue, so that the two retraction plates 34 move in opposite directions to retract the small incision in minimally invasive surgery. During this process, the first pressure sensor 35 detects the contact pressure between the retraction plate 34 and the tissue in real time, the second pressure sensor 36 monitors the transmission contact surface pressure between the retraction frame 33 and the retraction rack 312, and the third pressure sensor 37 captures the output pressure of the drive shaft 39. The device data is synchronously fed back to the controller 7. The controller 7 dynamically adjusts the output power of the retraction drive component 38 according to the preset pressure threshold until the preset retraction force is reached and locked. This creates an integrated system of multi-dimensional pressure monitoring and precise retraction, breaking the limitation of traditional retractors that rely on doctors' experience to judge the force. It realizes quantitative control of the retraction force, which can not only accurately adjust the retraction amplitude to fully expose the surgical field, but also avoid hidden damage such as bone compression necrosis and soft tissue tearing caused by excessive force, significantly reducing surgical risks and ensuring surgical safety and visual field stability. When it is necessary to adjust the retraction angle, the angle drive component 8 can drive the adjustment gear 9 to rotate. The adjustment gear 9 meshes with the adjustment tooth block 10 on the outer wall of the adjustment ring 2, thereby driving the adjustment ring 2 to rotate around the bearing at the bottom of the fixed ring 1, realizing the angle adjustment of the retraction mechanism 3 to accurately adapt to the needs of the surgical field.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that the retraction mechanism 3 also includes multiple anti-slip strips 313, four mounting ports 314, multiple positioning grooves 315, four positioning magnets 316, four threaded tubes 317, four threaded rods 318, and four rotating handles 319. The multiple anti-slip strips 313 are respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two retraction plates 34. The anti-slip strips 313 are made of medical rubber and have a semi-circular cross-section, which can increase the friction between the retraction plate 34 and the tissue, effectively preventing tissue damage caused by the sliding of the retraction plate 34 during surgery. The four mounting ports 314 are respectively opened on both sides of the bottom end of the two retraction frames 33, and the multiple positioning grooves 315 are respectively opened on both sides of each mounting port 314. On the lower side of the inner wall, four positioning magnetic blocks 316 are respectively installed on the top sides of the two retraction plates 34. The positioning magnetic blocks 316 are made of neodymium iron boron strong magnetic material and are nickel-plated to prevent rust. Four threaded tubes 317 are respectively embedded in the top of each positioning magnetic block 316, and the lower part of the threaded tubes 317 is embedded in the interior of the retraction plate 34. The threaded tubes 317, positioning magnetic blocks 316, and retraction plates 34 are all fixed with medical adhesive to ensure a firm connection. Four threaded rods 318 are respectively installed inside each threaded tube 317. Four rotating handles 319 are respectively installed on the top of each threaded rod 318. The surface of the rotating handles 319 is provided with anti-slip texture to facilitate operation by doctors wearing gloves during the operation.

[0053] The length and width of the mounting opening 314 are greater than the length and width of the rotating handle 319, ensuring that the rotating handle 319 can pass through the interior of the mounting opening 314. The positioning magnetic block 316 magnetically engages with the corresponding positioning groove 315 and is locked in place. The magnetic attraction can quickly achieve the pre-fixation of the retraction plate 34, while the locking structure further restricts the lateral displacement of the retraction plate 34. The two work together to ensure that the retraction plate 34 is not loose after installation, and at the same time, it is convenient to quickly replace the retraction plate 34 of different specifications according to the needs of the operation, thus improving the versatility of the equipment.

[0054] Working principle: First, select the appropriate retraction plate 34 according to the surgical needs. Align the positioning magnetic blocks 316 on both sides of the top of the retraction plate 34 with the mounting ports 314 on both sides of the bottom of the retraction frame 33 and insert them. The magnetic attraction between the positioning magnetic blocks 316 and the positioning groove 315 is used to achieve initial positioning. At the same time, the snap-fit ​​structure enhances the connection stability. Then, rotate the rotating handle 319 to drive the threaded rod 318 to tighten in the threaded tube 317, completing the double locking of the retraction plate 34 and the retraction frame 33. When disassembling, rotate the handle 319 in the opposite direction to release the threaded fixation. The retraction plate 34 can be quickly removed with the help of the magnetic separation characteristic. No special tools are required. It is suitable for quick replacement during surgery and adjustment needs in different surgical scenarios. It not only solves the defects of traditional detachable structures that are easy to loosen and cumbersome to disassemble and assemble, but also takes into account the convenience of operation and connection stability. It realizes tool-free quick disassembly and assembly and stable fixation of the retraction plate 34, further improving the stability, flexibility and efficiency of surgical operation and reducing the time cost of intraoperative adjustment.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that the installation mechanism 5 includes an installation frame 51, a movable slide 52, a limiting protrusion 53, a locking bolt 54, and a clamping screw 55. The movable slide 52 is opened on one side of the top of the installation frame 51. The installation frame 51 is made of aluminum alloy and is U-shaped with the opening facing inward. It has the characteristics of being lightweight and having high strength. The installation frame 51 is slidably connected to the support frame 4 through the movable slide 52. The height of the installation frame 51 can be adjusted along the vertical direction of the support frame 4 according to the thickness of the edge of the operating table and the installation position requirements to adapt to different specifications of surgical equipment. The limiting protrusion 53 is installed on the inner wall of the movable slide 52. The locking bolt 54 is threadedly installed in the middle of one end of the installation frame 51. The clamping screw 55 is threadedly installed in the middle of the bottom end of the installation frame 51.

[0057] The limiting protrusion 53 and the mounting frame 51 are integrated structures, formed by casting, resulting in higher structural strength. The limiting protrusion 53 is slidably connected to the limiting groove 6, ensuring smooth sliding and effectively limiting lateral sway. The top of the clamping screw 55 is equipped with a frustum clamping block made of medical-grade rubber. The frustum structure increases the contact area with the edge of the operating table, improving clamping stability. At the same time, the rubber material can prevent damage to the surface of the operating table and has a certain buffering effect, reducing the transmission of vibration of the equipment during the operation.

[0058] Working principle: First, the installation mechanism 5 completes the initial positioning of the entire device. The installation frame 51 is pushed to slide up and down along the support frame 4 through the sliding groove 52 on one side of the top. At the same time, the limiting protrusion 53 slides synchronously along the limiting groove 6 on the opposite side of the support frame 4, which plays a guiding and anti-dislodgement role. The installation height can be precisely adjusted to adapt to different surgical positions and incision locations. After sliding to the target height, tighten the locking bolt 54 in the middle of one end of the installation frame 51 to fix the height of the installation frame 51 on the support frame 4. Then, rotate the clamping screw 55 in the middle of the bottom end of the installation frame 51 to drive the cone-shaped clamping block at its top to move closer to the edge of the operating table and clamp tightly, thus completing the stable fixation of the entire device. This structure achieves flexible adaptation of the installation height through sliding adjustment. It can not only adapt to different sizes of operating tables, but also has convenient installation and disassembly, and precise positioning. It effectively avoids the shaking of the field of vision caused by the displacement of the device during the operation, and provides stable support for the surgical operation.

[0059] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tissue retractor for minimally invasive surgery, characterized in that, include: Fixed ring (1); The adjusting ring (2) is mounted on the bottom end of the fixed ring (1) via a bearing; The pulling mechanism (3) is installed between the two sides of the bottom end of the adjusting ring (2); Two support frames (4) are respectively installed at both ends of the fixing ring (1); Two mounting mechanisms (5) are respectively fitted onto the lower outer wall of the two support frames (4); The pulling mechanism (3) includes two adjusting boxes (31), four guide grooves (32), two pulling frames (33), two pulling plates (34), two first pressure sensors (35), four second pressure sensors (36), and two third pressure sensors (37). The two adjusting boxes (31) are respectively installed on both sides of the bottom end of the adjusting ring (2). The four guide grooves (32) are respectively opened on both sides of the opposite surface of the two adjusting boxes (31). The two pulling frames (33) are respectively slidably installed in their respective two guide grooves (32). The two pulling plates (34) are respectively installed at the bottom end of the two pulling frames (33). The two first pressure sensors (35) are respectively embedded in the opposite surface of the two pulling plates (34). The four second pressure sensors (36) are respectively embedded in both ends of the two pulling frames (33). The two third pressure sensors (37) are respectively embedded in the middle of the opposite surface of the two adjusting boxes (31).

2. The tissue retractor for minimally invasive surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulling mechanism (3) further includes two pulling drive components (38), two drive shafts (39), two drive gears (310), four limit bars (311) and four pulling racks (312). The two pulling drive components (38) are respectively installed in the middle of the opposite side of the two adjustment boxes (31). The two drive shafts (39) are respectively installed between the inner walls of the two sides of the two adjustment boxes (31) through bearings. The two drive gears (310) are respectively installed in the middle of the outer wall of the two drive shafts (39). The four limit bars (311) are respectively installed on the top inner wall and bottom inner wall of the two adjustment boxes (31). The four pulling racks (312) are respectively slidably installed on the outer wall of each limit bar (311).

3. The tissue retractor for minimally invasive surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retraction mechanism (3) also includes multiple anti-slip strips (313), four mounting ports (314), multiple positioning slots (315), four positioning magnets (316), four threaded tubes (317), four threaded rods (318), and four rotating handles (319). The multiple anti-slip strips (313) are respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two retraction plates (34), the four mounting ports (314) are respectively opened on both sides of the bottom end of the two retraction frames (33), and the multiple positioning slots (315) are respectively opened on each On the lower side of the inner wall on both sides of the mounting port (314), four positioning magnetic blocks (316) are respectively installed on the top sides of the two pull-away plates (34), four threaded tubes (317) are respectively embedded in the top of each positioning magnetic block (316), and the lower part of the threaded tube (317) is embedded in the interior of the pull-away plate (34), four threaded rods (318) are respectively installed in the interior of each threaded tube (317), and four rotating handles (319) are respectively installed on the top of each threaded rod (318).

4. The tissue retractor for minimally invasive surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation mechanism (5) includes an installation frame (51), a sliding groove (52), a limiting protrusion (53), a locking bolt (54), and a clamping screw (55). The sliding groove (52) is located on one side of the top of the installation frame (51). The installation frame (51) is slidably connected to the support frame (4) through the sliding groove (52). The limiting protrusion (53) is installed on the inner wall of the sliding groove (52). The locking bolt (54) is threadedly installed at the middle of one end of the installation frame (51). The clamping screw (55) is threadedly installed at the middle of the bottom end of the installation frame (51).

5. A minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Limiting grooves (6) are provided on opposite sides of the two support frames (4). A controller (7) is installed on the outer top of the right support frame (4). An angle drive assembly (8) is installed on the inner top of the two support frames (4). An adjusting gear (9) is installed at the output end of the two angle drive assemblies (8). The tops of the two adjusting gears (9) are respectively mounted on the inner top wall of the two support frames (4) through bearings. Multiple adjusting teeth (10) are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the adjusting ring (2). Reinforcing plates (11) are installed on the other two sides of the outer wall of the adjusting ring (2). The bottom end of the reinforcing plate (11) is installed on the top of the corresponding adjusting box (31).

6. A minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first pressure sensor (35) is configured as a flexible pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor (36) is configured as a thin film pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor (36) is located at the contact surface between the pull-out frame (33) and the pull-out rack (312). The third pressure sensor (37) is configured as a spoke-type pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor (37) is threaded onto one end of the drive shaft (39).

7. A minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The retracting rack (312) has a dovetail groove that matches the limiting strip (311), and the retracting rack (312) meshes with the corresponding drive gear (310). The retracting rack (312) is fixedly connected to the corresponding retracting frame (33). The retracting frame (33) on the left side is set as a concave structure and is made of iron.

8. A minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length and width of the mounting port (314) are greater than the length and width of the rotating handle (319), respectively. The positioning magnetic block (316) magnetically engages with the corresponding positioning groove (315) and is snapped into position.

9. A minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting protrusion (53) and the mounting frame (51) are an integrated structure, and the limiting protrusion (53) and the limiting groove (6) are slidably connected. The top of the clamping screw (55) is provided with a frustum clamping block.

10. A minimally invasive surgical tissue retractor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle drive assembly (8) and the pulling mechanism (3) are both electrically connected to the controller (7), and the adjusting gear (9) meshes with the corresponding adjusting gear block (10).

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