Bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria and its fermentation preparation process

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of biological organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific function bacteria, including the following weight parts of components: modified vinegar dregs 55~65 parts, desalted seaweed residue 15~25 parts, compound microbial inoculum 5~12 parts, modified bentonite 5~10 parts, biological fermentation fulvic acid concentrate 3~8 parts, light calcium carbonate 1~3 parts, compound enzyme preparation 0.6~0.8 parts.Its fermentation preparation process is: S1, modified vinegar dregs, desalted seaweed residue, modified bentonite, biological fermentation fulvic acid concentrate and light calcium carbonate are mixed according to proportion;S2, compost fermentation of mixture;S3, compost fermentation material is aged;S4, after aging, granulation and drying of material, obtain the biological organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific function bacteria finished product.The biological organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific function bacteria produced by the application can improve the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer, promote the growth and development of crops, and improve crop yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer manufacturing technology, and particularly to a bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria and its fermentation preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] Fulvic acid is a component of humic acids with a relatively small molecular weight and high activity. It possesses a variety of functional groups, which endow it with unique chemical and biological properties. In agriculture, fulvic acid has multiple applications. It can improve soil structure, promote the formation of soil aggregates, increase soil porosity, and improve soil aeration and permeability, thereby enhancing the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and creating a favorable soil environment for crop growth. In promoting crop growth and development, fulvic acid can stimulate root growth, improve the crop's ability to absorb nutrients and water, and regulate the balance of growth hormones, promoting the growth of the above-ground parts of the crop and increasing crop yield and quality.

[0003] The raw materials for bio-organic fertilizers come from a wide range of sources, including agricultural waste and livestock manure. The diverse sources of these raw materials lead to instability in the quality of bio-organic fertilizer products. Functional bacteria are the core of bio-organic fertilizers. During the production, storage, and transportation of bio-organic fertilizers, these functional bacteria are easily affected by factors such as temperature, humidity, and light, resulting in unstable activity and directly impacting fertilizer efficacy.

[0004] Currently, the preparation methods of fulvic acid are mainly divided into two categories: mineral extraction and bio-fermentation. Mineral-derived fulvic acid relies on non-renewable resources such as lignite and weathered coal, and has low purity and poor compatibility with microorganisms. Bio-fermented fulvic acid is more environmentally friendly, but existing technologies mostly use single or dual-strain fermentation systems, resulting in extensive fermentation processes, low raw material utilization, and insufficient compatibility between fermentation products and organic fertilizer substrates. Existing functional microbial agents are also mostly prepared using single strains, which have insufficient tolerance to substrate environments, low survival rates in acidic, high-salt, or complex organic substrates, and difficulty in stably colonizing and exerting their effects in soil.

[0005] Therefore, this application provides a bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria and its fermentation preparation process to solve the problems of extensive fermentation process and insufficient fertilizer efficiency of bio-organic fertilizer, promote crop growth and development, and increase crop yield. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria, and its fermentation preparation process, so as to solve the problems of extensive fermentation process and insufficient fertilizer efficiency of bio-organic fertilizer, promote crop growth and development, and increase crop yield.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts modified vinegar residue, 15-25 parts desalinated seaweed residue, 5-12 parts compound microbial agent, 5-10 parts modified bentonite, 3-8 parts bio-fermented fulvic acid concentrate, 1-3 parts light calcium carbonate, and 0.6-0.8 parts compound enzyme preparation.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the modified vinegar residue is prepared by the following method: (1) Add quicklime powder to fresh vinegar residue, stir evenly and pile it up for 24 to 48 hours to obtain deacidified vinegar residue; (2) Send the deacidified vinegar residue into a stirred reaction vessel, add a compound enzyme preparation, set the temperature to 45 to 50°C and the stirring speed to 150 to 200 r / min, and after 6 to 8 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, put it into a microwave dryer, set the power to 300 to 400 W and the temperature to 50 to 55°C, and microwave dry for 20 to 40 minutes to obtain modified vinegar residue.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of fresh vinegar residue to quicklime powder in the modified vinegar residue preparation method is 20-30:1.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the desalinated seaweed residue is prepared by the following method: fresh seaweed residue is soaked in water at a mass ratio of seaweed residue to water of 1:8-10, and soaked at room temperature for 12-24 hours, during which the water is changed 2-3 times to obtain desalinated seaweed residue.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the bacterial solution in the compound bacterial agent is Bacillus retroflexus: Bacillus mucilaginosus: Bacillus polymyxa = 1-3:1-2:1, and the bacterial solution concentration of the compound bacterial agent is ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / mL.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the modified bentonite is prepared by the following method: (1) Add water to the bentonite and soak it. The mass ratio of bentonite to water is 1:5 to 8. After soaking for 24 hours, place it in a centrifuge. Set the centrifuge speed to 3000 r / min and centrifuge for 15 to 25 minutes. Take the upper layer of bentonite suspension. (2) Add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite suspension. The mass ratio of bentonite suspension to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 8 to 12:1. Place it in a vertical mixer. Set the temperature to 60 to 65°C and the speed to 200 to 300 r / min. After stirring for 30 to 40 minutes, place it in a spray dryer. Set the air inlet temperature to 120 to 130°C and the air outlet temperature to 50 to 55°C. After spray drying for 20 minutes, the modified bentonite is obtained.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bio-fermented humic acid concentrate is prepared by the following method: (1) Fresh sugarcane filter mud from a sugarcane factory is taken, pressed and dehydrated to a moisture content of 45% to 55%, and placed in a fermentation tank. The mixed microbial agent is introduced according to a mass ratio of sugarcane filter mud to mixed microbial agent of 10:1. The mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida utilis in the mixed microbial agent is 2:1:1. The temperature is adjusted to 30 to 32°C and the aeration rate is [missing information]. (1) Ferment for 6 to 8 days; (2) After fermentation, filter the sugarcane fermentation filtrate and place it in a vacuum decompression concentrator. Under the conditions of a temperature of 65 to 75°C and a vacuum degree of -0.09 to -0.08 MPa, reduce the pressure and concentrate it to 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the original volume to obtain biological fermented humic acid concentrate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light calcium carbonate has a particle size of 0.12 to 0.15 mm.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compound enzyme preparation is mixed according to the mass ratio of cellulase to xylanase = 1:1, wherein the enzyme activity of cellulase is ≥5000U / g and the enzyme activity of xylanase is ≥3000U / g.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention also provides a fermentation preparation process for a bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria, comprising the following steps: S1. The modified vinegar residue, desalinated seaweed residue, modified bentonite, bio-fermented humic acid concentrate and light calcium carbonate are placed into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in proportion, the stirring speed is set to 100-150 r / min, and the mixture is stirred for 30-40 min to obtain the mixture. S2. Transfer the mixed materials to the fermentation site and pile them into windrows 1.2 to 1.5 meters high and 2 to 3 meters wide. Turn the mixed materials with a turner every 3 to 5 days, control the fermentation temperature at 55 to 65°C, and the fermentation time is 15 to 20 days to obtain the composted material. S3. Transfer the composted material to the aging site. Use a trough turner to spread the composted material out to a thickness of 25-35 cm. After the temperature of the composted material gradually decreases to room temperature, pile it back into windrows 1.4-1.6 meters wide and 0.8-1.2 meters high for aging. During the aging period, turn the material with a wheeled turner every 48 hours. The aging time is 8-10 days to obtain the aged material. S4. After granulating and drying the aged material, a bio-organic fertilizer product containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria is obtained.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention incorporates modified vinegar residue into a bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria. This prevents soil acidification, optimizes the physical structure of the vinegar residue, improves the mixing uniformity with other components, and reduces localized nutrient accumulation during fermentation. After modification, the lignin and cellulose structures of the vinegar residue are decomposed into small-molecule organic matter, forming a porous structure. Simultaneously, the organic acids released during the modification process activate elements such as phosphorus and potassium in the soil, promoting crop absorption. Furthermore, the humus in the vinegar residue can combine with soil particles to form a stable aggregate structure, enhancing the soil's resistance to erosion.

[0018] 2. This invention incorporates a compound microbial agent into a bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria. This promotes further decomposition of the organic matrix, increases the organic matter content and nutrient availability of the fertilizer, and inhibits the reproduction of soil pathogens. *Bacillus laterosporus* can produce plant hormones such as indoleacetic acid, promoting cell division and root development. It can also secrete organic acids through metabolic activity, activating insoluble phosphorus and potassium elements in the soil. *Bacillus mucilaginosus* can metabolize and produce citric acid and oxalic acid, decomposing aluminosilicate minerals and insoluble phosphorus compounds. *Bacillus polymyxa* can synthesize antibiotics such as polymyxin and glutamate, dissolving bacterial cell membranes or fungal cell walls, inhibiting pathogen spore germination and hyphal elongation, and eliminating pathogens. The three strains complement each other and synergistically enhance each other, forming a stable microbial community structure in the fermentation and soil environment, improving overall survival and colonization capabilities.

[0019] 3. This invention incorporates modified bentonite into a bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria. This modification improves soil physical structure, enhances water and fertilizer retention, and increases aeration. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, acting as a cross-linking agent, binds to the hydroxyl groups on the surface of bentonite particles, forming a porous network structure. This structure adsorbs and encapsulates the compound microbial agent, constructing a physical protective barrier to prevent the functional bacteria from being affected by high fermentation temperatures, acidic or alkaline environments, and soil stress, thus increasing their survival rate. Simultaneously, its porous structure adsorbs fulvic acid and nutrient molecules, reducing nutrient loss with water during fermentation and application, achieving slow-release fertilizer effects. After being applied to the soil, it also fills pores, improving soil aggregate structure, enhancing aeration, and improving water and fertilizer retention.

[0020] 4. This invention incorporates a bio-fermented fulvic acid concentrate into a bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria. This enhances crop resistance, improves soil structure, promotes soil microbial community optimization, and synergistically improves fertilizer efficiency through compound microbial agents. A mixed microbial agent composed of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida utilis ferments sugarcane filter mud, enabling the conversion of complex organic matter such as polysaccharides and crude fiber in the filter mud into small-molecule active humic acids, primarily fulvic acid, through microbial metabolism. Small-molecule fulvic acid can be directly absorbed by plant roots or leaves, participating in and regulating intracellular enzyme activity and metabolism, promoting root development and nutrient absorption. Its abundant oxygen-containing functional groups can form soluble complexes with trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc in the soil, preventing these elements from being fixed by the soil and thus improving fertilizer effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the fermentation process for preparing bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a fermentation preparation process for a bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria includes the following steps: S1. The modified vinegar residue, desalinated seaweed residue, modified bentonite, bio-fermented humic acid concentrate and light calcium carbonate are placed into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in proportion, the stirring speed is set to 100-150 r / min, and the mixture is stirred for 30-40 min to obtain the mixture. S2. Transfer the mixed materials to the fermentation site and pile them into windrows 1.2 to 1.5 meters high and 2 to 3 meters wide. Turn the mixed materials with a turner every 3 to 5 days, control the fermentation temperature at 55 to 65°C, and the fermentation time is 15 to 20 days to obtain the composted material. S3. Transfer the composted material to the aging site. Use a trough turner to spread the composted material out to a thickness of 25-35 cm. After the temperature of the composted material gradually decreases to room temperature, pile it back into windrows 1.4-1.6 meters wide and 0.8-1.2 meters high for aging. During the aging period, turn the material with a wheeled turner every 48 hours. The aging time is 8-10 days to obtain the aged material. S4. After granulating and drying the aged material, a bio-organic fertilizer product containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria is obtained.

[0026] All raw materials used in this invention are commercially available.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts modified vinegar residue, 15 parts desalinated seaweed residue, 5 parts compound microbial agent, 5 parts modified bentonite, 3 parts bio-fermented fulvic acid concentrate, 1 part light calcium carbonate, and 0.6 parts compound enzyme preparation.

[0029] The modified vinegar residue was prepared by the following method: (1) Add quicklime powder to fresh vinegar residue. The mass ratio of fresh vinegar residue to quicklime powder is 20:1. After stirring evenly, it was piled up for 24 hours to obtain deacidified vinegar residue; (2) Send the deacidified vinegar residue into a stirred reaction vessel, add a compound enzyme preparation, set the temperature to 45℃ and the stirring speed to 150r / min, and after 6 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, put it into a microwave dryer, set the power to 300W and the temperature to 50℃, and microwave dry for 20 minutes to obtain modified vinegar residue.

[0030] Desalinated seaweed residue is prepared by the following method: Fresh seaweed residue is soaked in water at a mass ratio of 1:8, and soaked at room temperature for 12 hours, during which the water is changed twice to obtain desalinated seaweed residue.

[0031] The mixing ratio of the compound bacterial agent is Bacillus laterosporus: Bacillus mucilaginosus: Bacillus polymyxa = 1:1:1, and the concentration of the compound bacterial agent is ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / mL.

[0032] Modified bentonite was prepared by the following method: (1) Add water to the bentonite and soak it. The mass ratio of bentonite to water is 1:5. After soaking for 24 hours, place it in a centrifuge. Set the centrifuge speed to 3000 r / min and centrifuge for 15 min. Take the upper layer of bentonite suspension. (2) Add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite suspension. The mass ratio of bentonite suspension to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 8:1. Place it in a vertical mixer. Set the temperature to 60℃ and the speed to 200 r / min. After stirring for 30 min, place it in a spray dryer. Set the air inlet temperature to 120℃ and the air outlet temperature to 50℃. After spray drying for 20 min, the modified bentonite is obtained.

[0033] Biological fermentation humic acid concentrate is prepared by the following method: (1) Fresh sugarcane filter mud from a sugarcane factory is taken, pressed and dehydrated to a moisture content of 45%, and placed in a fermentation tank. The mixed microbial agent is introduced according to a mass ratio of sugarcane filter mud to mixed microbial agent of 10:1. The mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida utilis in the mixed microbial agent is 2:1:1. The temperature is adjusted to 30℃ and the aeration rate is [missing information]. 1. Ferment for 6 days; (2) After fermentation, filter the sugarcane fermentation filtrate and place it in a vacuum decompression concentrator. Under the conditions of 65℃ and -0.09MPa, reduce the pressure and concentrate it to 1 / 6 of the original volume to obtain biological fermented humic acid concentrate.

[0034] The particle size of light calcium carbonate is 0.12–0.15 mm.

[0035] The compound enzyme preparation is mixed according to the mass ratio of cellulase to xylanase = 1:1, wherein the enzyme activity of cellulase is ≥5000U / g and the enzyme activity of xylanase is ≥3000U / g.

[0036] A fermentation process for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria includes the following steps: S1. The modified vinegar residue, desalinated seaweed residue, modified bentonite, bio-fermented humic acid concentrate and light calcium carbonate are placed into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in proportion, the stirring speed is set to 100 r / min, and the mixture is stirred for 30 min to obtain the mixture. S2. Transfer the mixed materials to the fermentation site and pile them into windrows 1.2 meters high and 2 meters wide. Turn the mixed materials with a turner every 3 days, control the fermentation temperature at 55℃, and ferment for 15 days to obtain the composted material. S3. Transfer the composted material to the aging site. Use a trough turner to spread the composted material out to a thickness of 25 cm. After the temperature of the composted material is gradually reduced to room temperature, pile it back into a windrow 1.4 meters wide and 0.8 meters high for aging. During the aging period, turn the material with a wheeled turner every 48 hours. The aging time is 8 days to obtain the aged material. S4. After granulating and drying the aged material, a bio-organic fertilizer product containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria is obtained.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts modified vinegar residue, 20 parts desalinated seaweed residue, 8 parts compound microbial agent, 8 parts modified bentonite, 5 parts bio-fermented fulvic acid concentrate, 2 parts light calcium carbonate, and 0.7 parts compound enzyme preparation.

[0039] The modified vinegar residue was prepared by the following method: (1) Add quicklime powder to fresh vinegar residue. The mass ratio of fresh vinegar residue to quicklime powder is 25:1. After stirring evenly, it is piled up for 36 hours to obtain deacidified vinegar residue; (2) Send the deacidified vinegar residue into a stirred reaction vessel, add a compound enzyme preparation, set the temperature to 48℃ and the stirring speed to 180r / min, and after 7 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, put it into a microwave dryer, set the power to 350W and the temperature to 52℃, and microwave dry for 30 minutes to obtain modified vinegar residue.

[0040] Desalinated seaweed residue is prepared by the following method: Fresh seaweed residue is soaked in water at a mass ratio of 1:9, and soaked at room temperature for 18 hours, during which the water is changed 3 times to obtain desalinated seaweed residue.

[0041] The mixing ratio of the compound microbial agent is Bacillus laterosporus: Bacillus mucilaginosus: Bacillus polymyxa = 2:1.5:1, and the concentration of the compound microbial agent is ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / mL.

[0042] Modified bentonite was prepared by the following method: (1) Add water to the bentonite and soak it. The mass ratio of bentonite to water is 1:6. After soaking for 24 hours, place it in a centrifuge. Set the centrifuge speed to 3000 r / min and centrifuge for 20 min. Take the upper bentonite suspension. (2) Add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite suspension. The mass ratio of bentonite suspension to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 10:1. Place it in a vertical mixer. Set the temperature to 62℃ and the speed to 250 r / min. After stirring for 35 min, place it in a spray dryer. Set the air inlet temperature to 125℃ and the air outlet temperature to 52℃. After spray drying for 20 min, the modified bentonite is obtained.

[0043] Biological fermentation humic acid concentrate is prepared by the following method: (1) Fresh sugarcane filter mud from a sugarcane factory is taken, pressed and dehydrated to a moisture content of 50%, and placed in a fermentation tank. The mixed microbial agent is introduced according to a mass ratio of sugarcane filter mud to mixed microbial agent of 10:1. The mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida utilis in the mixed microbial agent is 2:1:1. The temperature is adjusted to 31℃ and the aeration rate is [missing information]. , ferment for 7 days; (2) After fermentation, filter the sugarcane fermentation filtrate and put it into a vacuum decompression concentrator. Under the conditions of 70℃ and -0.09MPa, reduce the pressure and concentrate it to 1 / 6 of the original volume to obtain biological fermented humic acid concentrate.

[0044] The particle size of light calcium carbonate is 0.12–0.15 mm.

[0045] The compound enzyme preparation is mixed according to the mass ratio of cellulase to xylanase = 1:1, wherein the enzyme activity of cellulase is ≥5000U / g and the enzyme activity of xylanase is ≥3000U / g.

[0046] A fermentation process for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria includes the following steps: S1. The modified vinegar residue, desalinated seaweed residue, modified bentonite, bio-fermented humic acid concentrate and light calcium carbonate are placed into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in proportion, the stirring speed is set to 125 r / min, and the mixture is stirred for 35 min to obtain the mixture. S2. Transfer the mixed materials to the fermentation site and pile them into windrows 1.3 meters high and 2.5 meters wide. Turn the mixed materials with a turner every 4 days, control the fermentation temperature at 60℃, and ferment for 18 days to obtain the composted material. S3. Transfer the composted material to the aging site. Use a trough turner to spread the composted material out to a thickness of 30 cm. After the temperature of the composted material is gradually reduced to room temperature, pile it back into a 1.5-meter-wide and 1-meter-high stack for aging. During the aging period, turn the stack once every 48 hours with a wheel turner. The aging time is 9 days to obtain the aged material. S4. After granulating and drying the aged material, a bio-organic fertilizer product containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria is obtained.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts modified vinegar residue, 25 parts desalinated seaweed residue, 12 parts compound microbial agent, 10 parts modified bentonite, 8 parts bio-fermented fulvic acid concentrate, 3 parts light calcium carbonate, and 0.8 parts compound enzyme preparation.

[0049] The modified vinegar residue was prepared by the following method: (1) Add quicklime powder to fresh vinegar residue. The mass ratio of fresh vinegar residue to quicklime powder is 30:1. After stirring evenly, it was piled up for 48 hours to obtain deacidified vinegar residue; (2) Send the deacidified vinegar residue into a stirred reaction vessel, add a compound enzyme preparation, set the temperature to 50℃ and the stirring speed to 200r / min, and after 8 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, put it into a microwave dryer, set the power to 400W and the temperature to 55℃, and microwave dry for 40 minutes to obtain modified vinegar residue.

[0050] Desalinated seaweed residue is prepared by the following method: Fresh seaweed residue is soaked in water at a mass ratio of 1:10, and soaked at room temperature for 24 hours, during which the water is changed 3 times to obtain desalinated seaweed residue.

[0051] The mixing ratio of the compound bacterial agent is Bacillus laterosporus: Bacillus mucilaginosus: Bacillus polymyxa = 3:2:1, and the concentration of the compound bacterial agent is ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / mL.

[0052] Modified bentonite was prepared by the following method: (1) Add water to the bentonite and soak it in water at a mass ratio of 1:8. After soaking for 24 hours, place it in a centrifuge and set the centrifuge speed to 3000 r / min. After centrifugation for 25 min, take the upper bentonite suspension. (2) Add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite suspension and set the mass ratio of the bentonite suspension to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to 12:1. Place it in a vertical mixer and set the temperature to 65℃ and the speed to 300 r / min. After stirring for 40 min, place it in a spray dryer and set the air inlet temperature to 130℃ and the air outlet temperature to 55℃. After spray drying for 20 min, the modified bentonite is obtained.

[0053] Biological fermentation humic acid concentrate is prepared by the following method: (1) Fresh sugarcane filter mud from a sugarcane factory is taken, pressed and dehydrated to a moisture content of 55%, and placed in a fermentation tank. The mixed microbial agent is introduced according to a mass ratio of sugarcane filter mud to mixed microbial agent of 10:1. The mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida utilis in the mixed microbial agent is 2:1:1. The temperature is adjusted to 32℃ and the aeration rate is [missing information]. 1. Ferment for 8 days; (2) After fermentation, filter the sugarcane fermentation filtrate and place it in a vacuum decompression concentrator. Under the conditions of a temperature of 75℃ and a vacuum degree of -0.08MPa, reduce the pressure and concentrate it to 1 / 5 of the original volume to obtain biological fermented humic acid concentrate.

[0054] The particle size of light calcium carbonate is 0.12–0.15 mm.

[0055] The compound enzyme preparation is mixed according to the mass ratio of cellulase to xylanase = 1:1, wherein the enzyme activity of cellulase is ≥5000U / g and the enzyme activity of xylanase is ≥3000U / g.

[0056] A fermentation process for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria includes the following steps: S1. The modified vinegar residue, desalinated seaweed residue, modified bentonite, bio-fermented humic acid concentrate and light calcium carbonate are placed into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in proportion, the stirring speed is set to 150 r / min, and the mixture is stirred for 40 min to obtain the mixture. S2. Transfer the mixed materials to the fermentation site and pile them into windrows 1.5 meters high and 3 meters wide. Turn the mixed materials with a turner every 5 days, control the fermentation temperature at 65℃, and ferment for 20 days to obtain the composted material. S3. Transfer the composted material to the aging site. Use a trough turner to spread the composted material out to a thickness of 35 cm. After the temperature of the composted material is gradually reduced to room temperature, pile it back into windrows 1.6 meters wide and 1.2 meters high for aging. During the aging period, turn the material with a wheeled turner every 48 hours. The aging time is 10 days to obtain the aged material. S4. After granulating and drying the aged material, a bio-organic fertilizer product containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria is obtained.

[0057] Comparative Example 1: The difference from Example 2 is that the vinegar residue is added directly without modification.

[0058] Comparative Example 2: The difference from Example 2 is that the compound bacterial agent is replaced with a single Bacillus subtilis bacterial agent.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: The difference from Example 2 is that the bentonite was added directly without modification.

[0060] The bio-organic fertilizers containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria produced in Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were tested.

[0061] The bio-organic fertilizers containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria produced in Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were tested for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and organic matter content using NY / T 525-2021 "Organic Fertilizers". The results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Organic Matter Contents in Bio-organic Fertilizer Containing Fulvic Acid and Specific Functional Bacteria

[0063] As shown in Table 1, the bio-organic fertilizers containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria produced in Examples 1, 2, and 3 have higher nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter content, while the bio-organic fertilizers containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria produced in Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 have lower nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter content.

[0064] Fertilizer efficacy tests were conducted in tomato experimental fields. Bio-organic fertilizers containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria, produced in Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, were applied to tomatoes. Base fertilizer was applied 7 days before transplanting at a rate of 500 kg per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). Topdressing was applied 30 days after transplanting at a rate of 150 kg per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). Three parallel trials were conducted for each example and comparative example group. Ninety days after transplanting, 10 tomato plants were randomly selected from each parallel trial group, and their height was measured using a measuring tape. Twenty tomato fruits were randomly selected, and their weight was measured using an electronic balance. Simultaneously, the tomato yield was measured on one mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) of land in each parallel trial group. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0065] Table 2: Tomato Plant Height, Single Fruit Weight, and Yield

[0066] As shown in Table 2, when tomatoes were fertilized with the bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria produced in Examples 1, 2, and 3, the tomato plants were taller, the individual fruit weight was heavier, and the yield per acre was higher. When tomatoes were fertilized with the bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria produced in Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, the tomato plants were shorter, the individual fruit weight was lighter, and the yield per acre was lower.

[0067] In summary, the bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria produced by this invention can solve the problems of extensive fermentation process and insufficient fertilizer efficiency in bio-organic fertilizers, promote crop growth and development, and increase crop yield.

[0068] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria, characterized in that, It includes the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts modified vinegar residue, 15-25 parts desalinated seaweed residue, 5-12 parts compound microbial agent, 5-10 parts modified bentonite, 3-8 parts concentrated fulvic acid from biological fermentation, 1-3 parts light calcium carbonate, and 0.6-0.8 parts compound enzyme preparation.

2. The bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified vinegar residue is prepared by the following method: (1) Add quicklime powder to fresh vinegar residue, stir evenly and pile it up for 24 to 48 hours to obtain deacidified vinegar residue; (2) Send the deacidified vinegar residue into a stirred reaction vessel, add compound enzyme preparation, set the temperature to 45 to 50℃ and the stirring speed to 150 to 200 r / min, and after 6 to 8 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, put it into a microwave dryer, set the power to 300 to 400W and the temperature to 50 to 55℃, and microwave dry for 20 to 40 minutes to obtain modified vinegar residue.

3. The bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the modified vinegar residue preparation method, the mass ratio of fresh vinegar residue to quicklime powder is 20-30:

1.

4. The bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The desalinated seaweed residue is prepared by the following method: fresh seaweed residue is soaked in water at a mass ratio of seaweed residue to water of 1:8 to 10, and soaked at room temperature for 12 to 24 hours, during which the water is changed 2 to 3 times to obtain desalinated seaweed residue.

5. The bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing ratio of the bacterial solution in the compound bacterial agent is Bacillus retroflexus: Bacillus mucilaginosus: Bacillus polymyxa = 1-3:1-2:1, and the bacterial solution concentration of the compound bacterial agent is ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / mL.

6. The bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified bentonite is prepared by the following method: (1) Add water to the bentonite and soak it. The mass ratio of bentonite to water is 1:5 to 8. After soaking for 24 hours, place it in a centrifuge and set the centrifuge speed to 3000 r / min. Centrifuge for 15 to 25 minutes and take the upper bentonite suspension. (2) Add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite suspension. The mass ratio of bentonite suspension to sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 8 to 12:

1. Place it in a vertical mixer and set the temperature to 60 to 65°C and the speed to 200 to 300 r / min. After stirring for 30 to 40 minutes, place it in a spray dryer and set the air inlet temperature to 120 to 130°C and the air outlet temperature to 50 to 55°C. Spray dry for 20 minutes to obtain the modified bentonite.

7. The bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bio-fermented humic acid concentrate is prepared by the following method: (1) Fresh sugarcane filter mud from a sugarcane factory is taken, pressed and dehydrated to a moisture content of 45% to 55%, and placed in a fermentation tank. The mixed microbial agent is introduced at a mass ratio of sugarcane filter mud to mixed microbial agent of 10:

1. The mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida utilis in the mixed microbial agent is 2:1:

1. The temperature is adjusted to 30 to 32°C and the aeration rate is [missing information]. (1) Ferment for 6 to 8 days; (2) After fermentation, filter the sugarcane fermentation filtrate and place it in a vacuum decompression concentrator. Under the conditions of a temperature of 65 to 75°C and a vacuum degree of -0.09 to -0.08 MPa, reduce the pressure and concentrate it to 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the original volume to obtain biological fermented humic acid concentrate.

8. The bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light calcium carbonate has a particle size of 0.12–0.15 mm.

9. A bio-organic fertilizer containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound enzyme preparation is mixed according to the mass ratio of cellulase to xylanase = 1:1, wherein the enzyme activity of cellulase is ≥5000U / g and the enzyme activity of xylanase is ≥3000U / g.

10. A fermentation process for preparing bio-organic fertilizer containing fulvic acid and specific functional bacteria, comprising the following steps: S1. The modified vinegar residue, desalinated seaweed residue, modified bentonite, bio-fermented humic acid concentrate and light calcium carbonate are placed into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in proportion, the stirring speed is set to 100-150 r / min, and the mixture is stirred for 30-40 min to obtain the mixture. S2. Transfer the mixed materials to the fermentation site and pile them into windrows 1.2 to 1.5 meters high and 2 to 3 meters wide. Turn the mixed materials with a turner every 3 to 5 days, control the fermentation temperature at 55 to 65°C, and the fermentation time is 15 to 20 days to obtain the composted material. S3. Transfer the composted material to the aging site. Use a trough turner to spread the composted material out to a thickness of 25-35 cm. After the temperature of the composted material gradually decreases to room temperature, pile it back into windrows 1.4-1.6 meters wide and 0.8-1.2 meters high for aging. During the aging period, turn the material with a wheeled turner every 48 hours. The aging time is 8-10 days to obtain the aged material. S4. After granulating and drying the aged material, a bio-organic fertilizer product containing humic acid and specific functional bacteria is obtained.

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