A gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system

Abstract

The application discloses a gasifier for a whole coal gasification combined cycle power generation system and relates to the technical field of power generation equipment. The top of the furnace body is provided with a coal lock bin in communication with the inside of the furnace body, the upper end of the coal lock bin is provided with a feeding pipe in communication, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a slag discharge pipe in communication with the inside of the furnace body, and the lower part of the slag discharge pipe is provided with a quenching chamber in communication. The motor, the transmission shaft and the supporting rod can keep the flowability of the coal, avoid the blockage during the supply of the coal, and fully mix the coal of different particle sizes, thereby further improving the uniformity of the coal supply, the efficiency and the quality of the coal gasification, the hydraulic cylinder and the connecting rod can drive the movable grate to reciprocate between the upper grate and the lower grate, thereby pushing the ash and slag at the bottom of the furnace body to move, avoiding the blockage between the upper grate and the lower grate, and ensuring the normal operation of the gasifier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] The integrated gasification combined cycle power generation system is an advanced power system that combines coal gasification technology with a high-efficiency combined cycle. It consists of two main parts: the coal gasification and purification section and the gas-steam combined cycle power generation section. The main equipment in the first part includes a gasifier, an air separation unit, and coal gas purification equipment. Coal is gasified into medium- and low-calorific-value coal gas. After purification, pollutants such as sulfides, nitrogen oxides, and dust in the coal gas are removed, turning it into clean gaseous fuel. The main equipment in the second part includes a gas turbine power generation system, a waste heat boiler, and a steam turbine power generation system.

[0003] As a core component of an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system, existing gasifiers are prone to blockages during coal supply due to the design of their internal structure and shape. Untimely or uneven coal delivery from the coal lock bins also affects the gasification reaction. Furthermore, blockages easily occur when discharging ash and slag produced after coal combustion from the bottom of the furnace. Ash and slag accumulation on the grate hinders the normal operation of the gasifier, reducing the efficiency and quality of coal gasification. Therefore, this application proposes a gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system includes a furnace body. The top of the furnace body has a coal lock chamber communicating with its interior. A feed pipe is connected to the upper end of the coal lock chamber. The bottom of the furnace body has an ash discharge pipe communicating with its interior. A quench chamber is connected below the ash discharge pipe. An ash lock chamber is connected below the quench chamber. The system also includes...

[0007] A distribution plate is installed at the top of the furnace body for continuously adding coal into the furnace body, and the side wall of the distribution plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body.

[0008] A stirring mechanism is included, and the stirring mechanism is mounted on a distribution plate. The stirring mechanism works in conjunction with the distribution plate to achieve a stable supply of coal.

[0009] The upper grate and lower grate, located at the bottom of the furnace body, are used to separate the coal from the generated ash and slag. The side wall of the upper grate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body, and the lower grate is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the furnace body by multiple fixing rods.

[0010] A movable grate is provided between the upper grate and the lower grate to discharge the ash and slag produced after coal gasification. The diameter of the movable grate is smaller than the diameter of the upper grate and the lower grate.

[0011] A limit mechanism is provided between the movable grate and the lower grate to adjust the movement of the movable grate;

[0012] The inner wall of the furnace body is provided with spiral grooves to guide the flow of the gasifying agent inside the furnace body.

[0013] Preferably, the distribution plate is respectively configured as a material dropping section and a protrusion section. The material dropping section has multiple through grooves circumferentially opened, and the lower surface of the protrusion section is provided with multiple guide strips at equal intervals.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a motor, the output shaft of the motor is connected to a drive shaft via a coupling, support rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and scrapers are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two support rods away from the drive shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the motor is located below the protrusion, and the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the protrusion;

[0016] Both scrapers are inclined, and the bottom of both scrapers is in contact with the upper surface of the material dropping section.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the movable grate, and the connecting rod is connected to the side wall of the furnace body through a sealed bearing. A hydraulic cylinder is connected to one end of the connecting rod extending outside the furnace body, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body through a bracket.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a fixed base and a sliding groove, and the fixed base is provided with a plurality of air outlets;

[0019] The bottom of the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the lower grate, the slide groove is opened on the lower surface of the movable grate, and the width of the fixed seat is equal to the width of the slide groove.

[0020] Preferably, the upper end of the furnace body is connected to a washing chamber via an air inlet pipe, and the washing chamber is provided with an air outlet pipe communicating with its interior;

[0021] The washing chamber has an inlet at the top for adding washing liquid and an outlet at the bottom for discharging washing liquid.

[0022] Preferably, the lower end of the furnace body is provided with a gas supply pipe communicating with its interior, and a valve is installed at one end of the gas supply pipe outside the furnace body, while the other end of the gas supply pipe is connected to multiple connecting pipes.

[0023] Preferably, the ends of the plurality of connecting pipes furthest from the gas supply pipe are respectively sealed and connected to the corresponding gas outlets.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention solves the problem of coal supply inside the furnace. Through the motor, drive shaft and support rod, the scraper can be driven to rotate along the edge of the distribution plate. The inclined surface of the scraper will push the coal into the furnace at a uniform speed and stable flow. At the same time, the scraper on the other side stirs the coal above the distribution plate, which can maintain the fluidity of the coal and avoid blockage during the coal supply process. It can also make coal of different particle sizes fully mixed, further improving the uniformity of coal supply and improving the efficiency and quality of coal gasification.

[0026] 2. Compared with the prior art, the present invention also solves the problem of ash and slag at the bottom of the furnace body not being able to be discharged smoothly. Through the hydraulic cylinder and connecting rod, the movable grate can be driven to reciprocate between the upper grate and the lower grate, thereby promoting the movement of ash and slag at the bottom of the furnace body, avoiding blockage between the upper grate and the lower grate, ensuring the normal operation of the gasifier. At the same time, through the movement of the movable grate, the accumulated ash and slag rub against each other, which can further crush the unburned coal and improve the energy utilization rate.

[0027] 3. Furthermore, when the gasifying agent is injected into the furnace through the conveying pipe, the gasifying agent is finally ejected from the gas outlet holes opened on the fixed seat below the movable grate. Through the movement of the movable grate, the distributed grid holes can scatter the gasifying agent, so that the gasifying agent can be injected into the furnace more evenly. Combined with the guidance of the spiral grooves opened on the inner wall of the furnace, the gasifying agent can fully contact the fuel, thereby improving the reaction rate and uniformity. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution plate and stirring mechanism in this invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a lower view of the distribution plate structure in this invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper grate, movable grate, and lower grate in this invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a lower view of the movable grate structure in this invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gas pipeline structure in this invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 11. Coal lock bin; 12. Conveying pipe; 13. Slag discharge pipe; 14. Quenching chamber; 15. Ash lock bin; 16. Gas conveying pipe; 161. Valve; 162. Connecting pipe; 17. Washing chamber; 171. Inlet pipe; 172. Outlet pipe; 173. Liquid inlet; 174. Liquid outlet; 2. Distribution plate; 21. Material dropping section; 22. Through groove; 23. Protrusion; 24. Guide bar; 3. Stirring mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Drive shaft; 33. Support rod; 34. Scraper; 4. Upper grate; 5. Lower grate; 6. Movable grate; 61. Connecting rod; 62. Hydraulic cylinder; 63. Support; 7. Limiting mechanism; 71. Fixed seat; 72. Slide groove; 73. Gas outlet; 8. Spiral groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 3A gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system includes a furnace body 1. The top of the furnace body 1 is provided with a coal lock chamber 11 communicating with its interior. A conveying pipe 12 is connected to the upper end of the coal lock chamber 11. The bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with an ash discharge pipe 13 communicating with its interior. A quench chamber 14 is connected below the ash discharge pipe 13. An ash lock chamber 15 is connected below the quench chamber 14. The system also includes...

[0041] Distribution plate 2 is used to continuously add coal into furnace body 1. Distribution plate 2 is set at the top inside furnace body 1, and the side wall of distribution plate 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of furnace body 1.

[0042] A stirring mechanism 3 is installed on the distribution plate 2. The stirring mechanism 3 works in conjunction with the distribution plate 2 to achieve a stable supply of coal.

[0043] The upper grate 4 and the lower grate 5 are used to separate the coal and the generated ash. The upper grate 4 and the lower grate 5 are set at the bottom of the furnace body 1. The side wall of the upper grate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and the lower grate 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the furnace body 1 by multiple fixing rods.

[0044] The movable grate 6 is used to discharge the ash and slag produced after coal gasification. The movable grate 6 is set between the upper grate 4 and the lower grate 5. The diameter of the movable grate 6 is smaller than the diameter of the upper grate 4 and the lower grate 5.

[0045] The limiting mechanism 7 is used to adjust the movement of the movable grate 6, and the limiting mechanism 7 is located between the movable grate 6 and the lower grate 5.

[0046] Spiral groove 8 is used to guide the flow of gasifying agent in furnace body 1. Spiral groove 8 is opened on the inner wall of furnace body 1.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, coal is fed into the coal lock hopper 11 via the feed pipe 12 by an external conveying device. The coal lock hopper 11 controls the amount of coal added into the furnace body 1. The coal falls onto the distribution plate 2 below and enters the furnace under the supply of the distribution plate 2. The coal is burned at the bottom of the furnace body 1. A gasifying agent is injected into the furnace body 1 through the gas supply pipe 16. At the same time, a portion of the gas enters the spiral groove 8, making full contact with the coal at the edge of the furnace body 1, thereby improving the reaction rate and uniformity. The syngas generated after gasification flows upward. Through the guiding effect of the spiral groove 8, the contact with the side wall of the furnace body 1 is increased, which can alleviate the gas pressure inside the furnace body 1 and improve the controllability and stability of the reaction. The gas enters the washing chamber 17 through the inlet pipe 171 and is then used in subsequent equipment. The ash produced after the coal combustion accumulates at the bottom of the furnace body 1. Under the pressure of the continuously transported coal, the ash enters the ash discharge pipe 13 through the upper grate 4, the movable grate 6 and the lower grate 5. After being processed by the quench chamber 14, it falls into the ash lock chamber 15 below and is finally discharged from the bottom to the outside of the furnace body 1.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] Unlike Example 1, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 This embodiment also has the following further features: the distribution plate 2 is respectively configured as a material dropping part 21 and a protrusion 23. The material dropping part 21 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 22 in the circumferential direction, and the lower surface of the protrusion 23 is provided with a plurality of guide strips 24 at equal intervals.

[0050] It should be noted that a cavity is formed between the coal falling into the furnace below the protrusion 23. Therefore, the syngas produced after coal gasification will contact the lower surface of the protrusion 23. Since the bottom of the protrusion 23 is set as an arc surface and is guided by multiple guide bars 24, the gas flows along the protrusion 23 and forms multiple vortex areas. The gas impacts the corresponding guide bars 24, causing the fly ash and impurities carried to adhere to the side wall of the guide bars 24, thereby improving the purity of the gas when it enters the scrubbing chamber 17. Furthermore, when the syngas flows along the lower surface of the protrusion 23 on the distribution plate 2, the heat contained in it will radiate to the distribution plate 2. Through the heat conduction of the distribution plate 2, the coal supplied above is heated. After the coal absorbs heat, it increases the subsequent reaction rate and improves the energy utilization rate. At the same time, it reduces the amount of detergent required for cooling the syngas after it enters the scrubbing chamber 17, thereby reducing production costs.

[0051] Specifically, the stirring mechanism 3 includes a motor 31, the output shaft of the motor 31 is connected to a transmission shaft 32 via a coupling, support rods 33 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 32, and scrapers 34 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two support rods 33 away from the transmission shaft 32, the motor 31 is located below the protrusion 23, the transmission shaft 32 is rotatably connected to the center of the protrusion 23, the two scrapers 34 are both inclined, and the bottom of the two scrapers 34 are in contact with the upper surface of the material dropping part 21.

[0052] In this embodiment, after the motor 31 is started, the output shaft of the motor 31 will drive the transmission shaft 32 to rotate synchronously. The support rods 33 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission shaft 32 will simultaneously drive the scraper 34 to rotate. Since both scrapers 34 are set with the same inclined surface, during the rotation along the edge of the distribution plate 2, the scraper 34 on one side will squeeze the coal downward to prevent irregular coal from blocking the through groove 22 opened on the material drop section 21, ensuring timely delivery of coal. At the same time, the scraper 34 on the other side, together with the support rods 33, will push the coal above the distribution plate 2 to move, thereby mixing coal of different shapes and volumes and improving the uniformity of supply.

[0053] Implementation Three:

[0054] Compared to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, refer to Figure 6A connecting rod 61 is fixedly connected to one side of the movable grate 6, and the connecting rod 61 is connected to the side wall of the furnace body 1 through a sealed bearing. A hydraulic cylinder 62 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 61 that extends outside the furnace body 1. The hydraulic cylinder 62 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body 1 through a bracket 63.

[0055] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The limiting mechanism 7 includes a fixed seat 71 and a sliding groove 72. The fixed seat 71 has multiple air outlets 73. The bottom of the fixed seat 71 is fixedly connected to the lower grate 5. The sliding groove 72 is opened on the lower surface of the movable grate 6, and the width of the fixed seat 71 is equal to the width of the sliding groove 72.

[0056] In this embodiment, the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 62 drives the connecting rod 61 to move synchronously. Under the limiting action of the fixed seat 71, the end of the connecting rod 61 away from the hydraulic cylinder 62 will drive the movable grate 6 to reciprocate between the upper grate 4 and the lower grate 5. The two ends of the movable grate 6 will move to the inner wall of the furnace body 1, which can drive the ash and slag generated at the bottom of the furnace body 1 to move, and avoid excessive accumulation of ash and slag affecting the discharge.

[0057] Example 4:

[0058] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared to embodiments one to three, the upper end of the furnace body 1 is connected to a scrubbing chamber 17 via an air inlet pipe 171. The scrubbing chamber 17 is provided with an air outlet pipe 172 that communicates with its interior. The top of the scrubbing chamber 17 is provided with an inlet 173 for adding scrubbing liquid, and the bottom of the scrubbing chamber 17 is provided with an outlet 174 for discharging scrubbing liquid. Furthermore, the syngas generated by coal gasification eventually rises to the top of the furnace body 1 and enters the scrubbing chamber 17 through the connected air inlet pipe 171. The added scrubbing agent removes fly ash and impurities contained in the gas, thereby improving the purity of the gas.

[0059] In addition, the lower end of the furnace body 1 is provided with a gas supply pipe 16 that communicates with its interior. A valve 161 is installed at one end of the gas supply pipe 16 outside the furnace body 1. The other end of the gas supply pipe 16 is connected to multiple connecting pipes 162. The ends of the multiple connecting pipes 162 away from the gas supply pipe 16 are respectively sealed to the corresponding air outlets 73. It should be noted that steam and oxygen are added to the furnace body 1 through the gas supply pipe 16. The opening and closing of the valve 161 controls the connection state of the gas supply pipe 16 to ensure the overall sealing of the furnace body 1. The gas is finally ejected from the air outlets 73 opened on the fixed seat 71 through the connecting pipes 162 and reacts with the coal burning at the bottom of the furnace body 1. Furthermore, with the reciprocating movement of the movable grate 6, the position between the different grid holes on the movable grate 6 and the air outlets 73 changes, which can change the diffusion area of ​​the gasifying agent ejected from the air outlets 73, ensuring sufficient contact between the gasifying agent and the coal, and improving the gasification reaction rate and quality.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system, comprising a furnace body (1), characterized in that, The top of the furnace body (1) is provided with a coal lock chamber (11) communicating with its interior. The upper end of the coal lock chamber (11) is connected to a conveying pipe (12). The bottom of the furnace body (1) is provided with a slag discharge pipe (13) communicating with its interior. The lower part of the slag discharge pipe (13) is connected to a quench chamber (14). The lower part of the quench chamber (14) is connected to an ash lock chamber (15). The furnace body (1) also includes: The distribution plate (2) is provided at the top inside the furnace body (1), and the side wall of the distribution plate (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (1); An upper grate (4) and a lower grate (5) are set at the bottom of the furnace body (1). A movable grate (6) is provided between the upper grate (4) and the lower grate (5). The diameter of the movable grate (6) is smaller than the diameter of the upper grate (4) and the lower grate (5). A limiting mechanism (7) is provided between the movable grate (6) and the lower grate (5). A spiral groove (8) is opened on the inner wall of the furnace body (1).

2. The gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution plate (2) is respectively configured as a material dropping part (21) and a protrusion (23). The material dropping part (21) has multiple through grooves (22) circumferentially opened, and the lower surface of the protrusion (23) is provided with multiple guide strips (24) at equal intervals.

3. The gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution plate (2) is provided with a stirring mechanism (3), which works in conjunction with the distribution plate (2) to achieve a stable supply of coal; The stirring mechanism (3) includes a motor (31), the output shaft of the motor (31) is connected to a transmission shaft (32) via a coupling, and support rods (33) are symmetrically fixedly connected on the transmission shaft (32). Scrapers (34) are fixedly connected to the ends of the two support rods (33) away from the transmission shaft (32).

4. The gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The motor (31) is located below the protrusion (23), and the transmission shaft (32) is rotatably connected to the center of the protrusion (23); Both scrapers (34) are inclined, and the bottom of both scrapers (34) is in contact with the upper surface of the material dropping part (21).

5. The gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting rod (61) is fixedly connected to one side of the movable grate (6), and the connecting rod (61) is connected to the side wall of the furnace body (1) through a sealed bearing. A hydraulic cylinder (62) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (61) extending outside the furnace body (1). The hydraulic cylinder (62) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body (1) through a bracket (63).

6. The gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism (7) includes a fixed base (71) and a sliding groove (72), and the fixed base (71) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (73); The bottom of the fixed seat (71) is fixedly connected to the lower grate (5), the slide groove (72) is opened on the lower surface of the movable grate (6), and the width of the fixed seat (71) is equal to the width of the slide groove (72).

7. The gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the furnace body (1) is connected to a washing chamber (17) through an air inlet pipe (171), and the washing chamber (17) is provided with an air outlet pipe (172) that communicates with its interior. The washing chamber (17) is provided with an inlet (173) for adding washing liquid at the top and an outlet (174) for discharging washing liquid at the bottom.

8. The gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the furnace body (1) is provided with a gas supply pipe (16) communicating with its interior, and a valve (161) is installed at one end of the gas supply pipe (16) outside the furnace body (1), and multiple connecting pipes (162) are connected to the other end of the gas supply pipe (16).

9. A gasifier for an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ends of the multiple connecting pipes (162) away from the gas supply pipe (16) are respectively sealed and connected to the corresponding gas outlets (73).

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