A TBM support shoe device for slurry balance rock jacking

Abstract

The application discloses a TBM supporting shoe device for slurry balance rock pipe jacking, which comprises a main body, a cutter head rotationally connected with the main body, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the outer wall of the main body and a supporting shoe device, wherein the supporting shoe device comprises a hydraulic rod and a blocking plate, the fixed end of the hydraulic rod is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the main body, the blocking plate is rotationally connected with the output end of the hydraulic rod, and an electric telescopic rod is arranged between the main body and the sliding sleeve. Only when the hydraulic rod of the supporting shoe device starts to rotate, the pushing rod is triggered to push the sliding plate, the contact between the clamping block and the sliding sleeve is released, the clamping block is prevented from being prematurely retracted due to misoperation or vibration, and the main body and the sliding sleeve are prevented from being accidentally separated or out of control. When the main body moves away from the sliding sleeve, the inclined surface of the telescopic key is pushed away by the limiting groove, so that the telescopic key is prevented from being blocked, and the smoothness of the jacking action is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of TBM support shoe device technology, specifically a TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking. Background Technology

[0002] In slurry-balanced rock pipe jacking construction, the TBM support shoe device is a key mechanism used to establish propulsion reaction force on the rock face and assist the movement of the cutterhead. Although the existing old-style TBM support shoe devices can drive the baffle plate to tighten against the inner wall of the sliding sleeve through the hydraulic rod, thereby pushing the main body to drive the cutterhead to excavate the rock, their overall structural design and motion control logic have obvious defects.

[0003] Patent publication number CN112814691B includes a bracket fixedly mounted to a support shield. The bracket has a hollow structure to reduce the space occupied by the support shield's cross-sectional area. At least one of the upper and lower support shoe cylinders includes a first cylinder group and a second cylinder group. The two ends of the first cylinder group are connected to the left end of the bracket and the left support shoe, and the two ends of the second cylinder group are connected to the right end of the bracket and the right support shoe. This design splits the upper or lower support shoe cylinder into two cylinder groups connected by a bracket with a hollow structure. The two cylinder groups are respectively connected to their corresponding support shoes. The hollow structure in the middle of the bracket allows for personnel operation, avoiding the cylinders occupying space in the middle. While ensuring the stability of the cylinders, it effectively reduces the space occupied by the support shoe system on the support shield's cross-sectional area.

[0004] While the aforementioned technology provides propulsion reaction force by using a support shoe to press against the rock wall, its triggering and mechanical locking mechanisms have significant design flaws. These devices often rely on a single hydraulic action to drive the support shoe's extension and retraction, lacking a reliable linkage protection mechanism. This means that during actual construction, when the equipment vibrates or the hydraulic system experiences slight fluctuations, the locking structure of the support shoe is prone to malfunction or premature retraction, leading to unexpected separation of the main body from the sliding sleeve. This causes the equipment's propulsion posture to become uncontrollable, severely impacting the accuracy of tunnel excavation and construction safety. Furthermore, older support shoe devices lack a unidirectional limiting design when the main body advances forward, failing to effectively control the relative position of the main body and the sliding sleeve. This allows the electric reset mechanism to easily intervene before the main body reaches its predetermined travel distance, not only causing a loss of propulsion travel but also frequently resulting in equipment jamming or even damage due to mechanical interference, making it difficult to guarantee the integrity and continuity of the step-by-step propulsion. Furthermore, the baffle plate in the old-style support shoe device lacks an effective mechanical blocking structure during the extension of the hydraulic rod, relying solely on hydraulic pressure to maintain its position. When encountering sudden changes in rock wall hardness or increased thrust, the baffle plate is prone to slippage, causing the thrust to be unstablely transmitted to the sliding sleeve. This results in energy loss and accelerates equipment structural fatigue due to frequent impact loads. More importantly, when fixing the sliding sleeve, the old-style support shoe device typically relies solely on point contact friction between the support shoe and the rock wall to provide reaction force. The small contact area and insufficient normal pressure make the sliding sleeve prone to displacement or even retreat under the repeated action of huge jacking forces. It fails to provide a stable reaction support for the equipment, thus significantly reducing propulsion efficiency and hole formation quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking, comprising a main body, a cutterhead rotatably connected to the main body, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the outer wall of the main body, and a support shoe device. The support shoe device includes a hydraulic rod and a baffle plate. The fixed end of the hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main body, and the baffle plate is rotatably connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod. An electric telescopic rod is provided between the main body and the sliding sleeve. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking further includes: a protective device for allowing the main body and the sliding sleeve to move only in one direction when separated; a limiting device for enabling the support shoe device to push the main body to move more smoothly; and a clamping device for enabling the sliding sleeve to provide sufficient reaction force when the main body moves. The protective device includes a push rod fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod shaft, a sliding plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body, a locking block slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body, and a connecting rod connecting the locking block and the sliding plate. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the locking block, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding plate. A locking groove is provided on the side of the sliding sleeve near the locking block, and the locking block contacts the inner wall of the locking groove.

[0007] The protective device further includes a sliding plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body, a telescopic key slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding plate, a fixing plate fixed to the outer wall of the sliding plate, and a protective plate fixed to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve. The fixing plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body, and a limiting groove is formed on the side of the protective plate near the telescopic key. The limiting groove matches the telescopic key.

[0008] The fixed plate has an inclined surface on the side near the sliding plate to facilitate pushing the sliding plate towards the protective plate. The telescopic key has an inclined surface on the side near the limiting groove to limit the movement between the main body and the sliding sleeve. An elastic element is provided between the sliding plate and the main body to facilitate resetting the sliding plate. An elastic element is provided between the telescopic key and the sliding plate to facilitate resetting the telescopic key. An elastic element is provided between the sliding plate and the main body to facilitate resetting the sliding plate.

[0009] The limiting device includes a baffle plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, a sliding block slidably connected to the baffle plate, a hydraulic device disposed on the inner wall of the baffle plate, and a sliding baffle slidably connected to the inner wall of the baffle plate. The hydraulic device is divided into an upper hydraulic push rod and a lower hydraulic push rod, which are connected by a hose. The upper hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the lower hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding baffle.

[0010] The limiting device includes a sliding rod slidably connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate, a support plate slidably connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate, a fixing frame fixed to the inner wall of the main body, a sliding key one and a sliding key two slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame. The sliding baffle plate has an insertion port on the side near the sliding rod, and the sliding rod matches the insertion port. The sliding rod has a round rod on the side near the support plate, and the support plate has a round opening on the side near the round rod. The inner wall of the baffle plate has a sliding groove, and the sliding key two is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove and contacts the inner wall of the sliding groove.

[0011] An elastic element is provided between the blocking plate and the sliding sleeve to drive the blocking plate to reset. An elastic element is provided between the sliding block and the blocking plate to drive the sliding block to move away from the blocking plate. An elastic element is provided between the sliding rod and the blocking plate to drive the sliding rod to reset. The side of the second sliding key near the sliding block is set as an inclined surface to facilitate the sliding block to push the second sliding key to move. An elastic element is provided between the first sliding key and the fixed frame.

[0012] The clamping device includes a sliding plate disposed on the outer wall of the baffle plate, an insert rod fixed on the outer wall of the baffle plate, and a scraper slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding plate. The sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the baffle plate. A groove is provided on the side of the sliding plate near the insert rod. The insert rod contacts the inner wall of the groove, and the scraper contacts the outer wall of the insert rod.

[0013] The clamping device further includes a sliding frame slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide plate, a connecting rod rotatably connected to the sliding frame and the scraper, a pressure block fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod, and a clamping plate slidably connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding frame, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the scraper. The baffle plate has a slot on the side near the sliding frame, and the sliding frame matches the slot.

[0014] An elastic element is provided between the sliding plate and the blocking plate to drive the sliding plate to reset. An elastic element is provided between the scraper and the sliding plate to drive the scraper to contact the insertion rod. The side of the pressure block near the clamping plate is set with an inclined surface to push the clamping plate to fit with the insertion rod. An elastic element is provided between the clamping plate and the blocking plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the push rod is triggered to push the sliding plate only when the hydraulic rod of the support shoe device starts to rotate, thereby releasing the contact between the locking block and the sliding sleeve. This prevents the locking block from retracting prematurely due to misoperation or vibration, which could cause the main body and the sliding sleeve to separate unexpectedly or become uncontrollable. When the main body moves away from the sliding sleeve, the inclined surface design of the telescopic key allows it to be pushed open by the limiting groove without causing obstruction, thus ensuring the smoothness of the jacking action. After the main body starts to move, the telescopic key locks the relative position of the main body and the sliding sleeve, preventing the electric telescopic rod from forcibly pulling the sliding sleeve back before the main body reaches the predetermined position. This avoids the loss of propulsion stroke or mechanical interference caused by the premature intervention of the electric telescopic rod, ensuring the complete stroke of the stepping propulsion.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the extension of the sliding baffle is equivalent to adding a mechanical stop, which locks the position of the baffle plate, ensuring that the thrust of the hydraulic rod can act stably and vertically on the sliding sleeve. This avoids thrust loss, impact load, or structural damage caused by slippage. When the sliding sleeve acts as a reaction support, it needs to be firmly fixed to the rock wall. The outward extension of the baffle plate increases the contact area and normal pressure between the sliding sleeve and the rock wall, thereby significantly improving friction and ensuring propulsion efficiency.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the scraper ensures the smoothness of the insertion rod surface, allowing it to be smoothly and accurately inserted into the rock wall in the next working cycle, thus improving the reliability and service life of the mechanism. When the insertion rod extends and bears the load, the sliding frame actively fits in, and the pressure block pushes the clamping plate to clamp the insertion rod, which is equivalent to adding an auxiliary support point to the insertion rod, reducing the length of the cantilever part of the insertion rod, preventing the insertion rod from swinging violently at the root, and avoiding fatigue fracture caused by stress concentration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the position and structure of the hydraulic rod and the baffle plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the push rod and sliding plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the sliding plate and telescopic key of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the sliding rod and support plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the insertion rod and scraper of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the sliding frame and the pressure block of the present invention.

[0019] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Cutter head; 2. Main body; 3. Sliding sleeve; 4. Hydraulic rod; 5. Baffle plate; 6. Push rod; 7. Sliding plate; 8. Locking block; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Sliding plate; 11. Telescopic key; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Protective plate; 21. Blocking plate; 22. Sliding block; 23. Hydraulic device; 24. Sliding baffle; 25. Sliding insert rod; 26. Support plate; 27. Fixed frame; 28. Sliding key one; 29. ​​Sliding key two; 31. Slide plate; 32. Insert rod; 33. Scraper; 34. Sliding frame; 35. Connecting rod; 36. Pressure block; 37. Clamping plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: Please see Figures 1-7 One embodiment of the present invention is: a TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking, comprising a main body 2, a cutterhead 1 rotatably connected to the main body 2, a sliding sleeve 3 sleeved on the outer wall of the main body 2, and a support shoe device. The support shoe device includes a hydraulic rod 4 and a baffle plate 5. The fixed end of the hydraulic rod 4 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main body 2, and the baffle plate 5 is rotatably connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod 4. An electric telescopic rod is provided between the main body 2 and the sliding sleeve 3. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking further includes: a protective device for allowing the main body 2 and the sliding sleeve 3 to move only in one direction when they are separated; a limiting device for enabling the support shoe device to push the main body 2 to move more smoothly; and a clamping device for enabling the sliding sleeve 3 to provide sufficient reaction force when the main body 2 moves. The protective device includes a push rod 6 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the hydraulic rod 4, a sliding plate 7 slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body 2, a locking block 8 slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body 2, and a connecting rod 9 connecting the locking block 8 and the sliding plate 7. One end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected to the locking block 8, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected to the sliding plate 7. A slot is provided on the side of the sliding sleeve 3 near the locking block 8, and the locking block 8 contacts the inner wall of the slot.

[0022] The protective device also includes a sliding plate 10 slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body 2, a telescopic key 11 slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding plate 10, a fixing plate 12 fixed to the outer wall of the sliding plate 7, and a protective plate 13 fixed to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 3. The fixing plate 12 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body 2, and the protective plate 13 has a limiting groove on the side near the telescopic key 11, which matches the telescopic key 11.

[0023] The fixed plate 12 has an inclined surface on the side near the sliding plate 10. The inclined surface of the fixed plate 12 is to facilitate pushing the sliding plate 10 towards the protective plate 13. The telescopic key 11 has an inclined surface on the side near the limiting groove. The inclined surface of the telescopic key 11 is to limit the movement between the main body 2 and the sliding sleeve 3. An elastic element is provided between the sliding plate 10 and the main body 2. The elastic element between the sliding plate 10 and the main body 2 is to facilitate the reset of the sliding plate 10. An elastic element is provided between the telescopic key 11 and the sliding plate 10. The elastic element between the telescopic key 11 and the sliding plate 10 is to facilitate the reset of the telescopic key 11. An elastic element is provided between the sliding plate 7 and the main body 2. The elastic element between the sliding plate 7 and the main body 2 is to facilitate the reset of the sliding plate 7.

[0024] In this embodiment, during operation: when tunneling is required in a rock face, the hydraulic auxiliary device pushes the sliding sleeve 3 to move. The movement of the sliding sleeve 3 pushes the main body 2 to move, causing the cutterhead 1 to drill a hole in the rock face. When the rock face is hard, the hydraulic rod 4 will cause the baffle plate 5 to contact the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 3. After the baffle plate 5 contacts the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 3, the hydraulic rod 4 will extend. The hydraulic rod 4 will then push the main body 2 towards the rock face through the reaction force generated by the sliding sleeve 3, enhancing the drilling effect of the cutterhead 1. After the hydraulic rod 4 is fully extended, it will reset. After the hydraulic rod 4 resets, the electric telescopic rod will pull the sliding sleeve 3 towards the main body 2. The body 2 moves in the direction of the cutterhead 1, allowing the two to fit together. When the cutterhead 1 drills a hole in the rock wall, the generated mud will enter the mud groove on the surface of the cutterhead 1. After entering the mud groove, the mud will be carried by the mud pipe into the mud pool for collection. The collected mud will be injected into the hydraulic auxiliary device to push the sliding sleeve 3 to move. When the hydraulic rod 4 rotates, it will drive the push rod 6 to rotate. The rotation of the push rod 6 will contact the sliding plate 7, and the push rod 6 will push the sliding plate 7 to move towards the cutterhead 1. The movement of the sliding plate 7 will drive the connecting rod 9 to move. The movement of the connecting rod 9 will drive the locking block 8 to move away from the sliding sleeve 3. The movement of the locking block 8 will release the restriction between the body 2 and the sliding sleeve 3. The position allows the sliding sleeve 3 to provide force without obstructing the movement of the main body 2 when the support shoe device pushes the main body 2. The movement of the sliding plate 7 pushes the fixed plate 12 to move, and the movement of the fixed plate 12 causes the inclined surface of the fixed plate 12 to contact the sliding plate 7. Then, the fixed plate 12 pushes the sliding plate 10 to move towards the protective plate 13. The movement of the sliding plate 10 drives the telescopic key 11 to move, and the telescopic key 11 contacts the inside of the limiting groove. Therefore, when the main body 2 moves, it drives the sliding plate 10 to move, and the movement of the sliding plate 10 drives the telescopic key 11 to move. When the main body 2 moves away from the sliding sleeve 3, the limiting groove will contact the inclined surface of the telescopic key 11. The telescopic key 11 ensures that it does not obstruct the movement of the main body 2. The telescopic key 11 releases the limiting position between the main body 2 and the sliding sleeve 3, preventing the electric telescopic rod from moving the sliding sleeve 3 when the main body 2 is not fully extended. Only when the hydraulic rod 4 of the support shoe device begins to rotate will the push rod 6 be triggered to push the sliding plate 7, releasing the contact between the locking block 8 and the sliding sleeve 3. This prevents the locking block 8 from retracting prematurely due to misoperation or vibration, which could cause the main body 2 and the sliding sleeve 3 to separate unexpectedly or become uncontrollable. When the main body 2 moves away from the sliding sleeve 3, the inclined design of the telescopic key 11 allows it to be pushed open by the limiting groove without obstruction, ensuring smooth jacking action. After the main body 2 begins to move, the telescopic key 11 locks the relative position of the main body 2 and the sliding sleeve 3, preventing the electric telescopic rod from forcibly pulling the sliding sleeve 3 back before the main body 2 reaches the predetermined position. This avoids loss of propulsion stroke or mechanical interference caused by premature intervention of the electric telescopic rod, ensuring the complete stroke of the stepping propulsion.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-7 Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, a TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking includes a limiting device comprising a baffle plate 21 slidably connected to the inner wall of a sliding sleeve 3, a sliding block 22 slidably connected to the baffle plate 21, a hydraulic device 23 disposed on the inner wall of the baffle plate 21, and a sliding baffle 24 slidably connected to the inner wall of the baffle plate 21. The hydraulic device 23 is divided into an upper hydraulic push rod and a lower hydraulic push rod, which are connected by a hose. The upper hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block 22, and the lower hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding baffle 24.

[0026] The limiting device includes a sliding rod 25 slidably connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate 21, a support plate 26 slidably connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate 21, a fixing frame 27 fixed to the inner wall of the main body 2, a sliding key 28 slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame 27, and a sliding key 29. The sliding baffle plate 24 has an insertion port on the side near the sliding rod 25, and the sliding rod 25 matches the insertion port. The sliding rod 25 has a round rod on the side near the support plate 26, and the support plate 26 has a round opening on the side near the round rod. The inner wall of the baffle plate 21 has a sliding groove, and the sliding key 29 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove and contacts the inner wall of the sliding groove.

[0027] An elastic element is provided between the blocking plate 21 and the sliding sleeve 3. The purpose of the elastic element between the blocking plate 21 and the sliding sleeve 3 is to drive the blocking plate 21 to reset. An elastic element is provided between the sliding block 22 and the blocking plate 21. The purpose of the elastic element between the sliding block 22 and the blocking plate 21 is to drive the sliding block 22 to move away from the blocking plate 21. An elastic element is provided between the sliding rod 25 and the blocking plate 21. The purpose of the elastic element between the sliding rod 25 and the blocking plate 21 is to drive the sliding rod 25 to reset. The side of the sliding key 29 closest to the sliding block 22 is set as an inclined surface. The inclined surface of the sliding key 29 is to facilitate the sliding block 22 to push the sliding key 29 to move. An elastic element is provided between the sliding key 28 and the fixing frame 27.

[0028] The clamping device includes a sliding plate 31 disposed on the outer wall of the baffle plate 21, an insert rod 32 fixed on the outer wall of the baffle plate 21, and a scraper 33 slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding plate 31. The sliding plate 31 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the baffle plate 21. A groove is provided on the side of the sliding plate 31 near the insert rod 32. The insert rod 32 contacts the inner wall of the groove, and the scraper 33 contacts the outer wall of the insert rod 32.

[0029] The clamping device also includes a sliding frame 34 slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide plate 31, a connecting rod 35 rotatably connecting the sliding frame 34 and the scraper 33, a pressure block 36 fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod 35, and a clamping plate 37 slidably connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate 21. One end of the connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 34, and the other end of the connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected to the scraper 33. A slot is provided on the side of the baffle plate 21 near the sliding frame 34, and the sliding frame 34 matches the slot.

[0030] An elastic element is provided between the slide plate 31 and the blocking plate 21. The purpose of the elastic element between the slide plate 31 and the blocking plate 21 is to drive the slide plate 31 to reset. An elastic element is provided between the scraper 33 and the slide plate 31. The purpose of the elastic element between the scraper 33 and the slide plate 31 is to drive the scraper 33 to contact the insertion rod 32. The side of the pressure block 36 near the clamping plate 37 is set as an inclined surface. The purpose of the inclined surface of the pressure block 36 is to push the clamping plate 37 to fit with the insertion rod 32. An elastic element is provided between the clamping plate 37 and the blocking plate 21.

[0031] In this embodiment, during operation: when the hydraulic rod 4 moves the baffle 5, it contacts the sliding block 22. The baffle 5 then pushes the sliding block 22 towards the interior of the baffle plate 21. The movement of the sliding block 22 pushes the upper hydraulic push rod towards the interior of the hydraulic device 23. The movement of the upper hydraulic rod pushes the lower hydraulic rod away from the hydraulic device 23. The lower hydraulic rod then pushes the sliding baffle 24 to extend away from the baffle plate 21. When the hydraulic rod 4 pushes the baffle 5 to move, the baffle 5 contacts the surface of the sliding baffle 24. The sliding baffle 24's obstruction of the stop plate 5 allows the hydraulic rod 4 to push the main body 2 more smoothly, preventing the stop plate 5 from slipping off when the hydraulic rod 4 extends. The extension of the sliding baffle 24 causes the insertion port to move. When the position of the insertion port coincides with the sliding rod 25, the sliding rod 25 inserts into the insertion port. Simultaneously, the sliding rod 25 inserts into the support plate 26. Through the sliding rod 25 and the support plate 26, a clamping force is applied to the sliding baffle 24, making the obstruction of the sliding baffle 24 more effective. When the sliding block 22 moves smoothly towards the interior of the blocking plate 21, it will contact the inclined surface of the sliding key 29. The sliding block 22 will then push the sliding key 29 away from the blocking plate 21. This movement of the sliding key 29 will push the sliding key 28 away from the blocking plate 21, thus releasing the limiting effect of the sliding key 28 on the blocking plate 21. When the hydraulic rod 4 drives the blocking plate 5 to rotate, it will simultaneously push the blocking plate 21 towards the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 3, causing the blocking plate 21 to contact the rock wall, thus releasing the limiting effect of the sliding key 28 on the blocking plate 21. The sliding sleeve 3 applies a greater clamping force, and the hydraulic rod 4 requires a huge thrust when pushing the main body 2. If the baffle 5 directly presses against the smooth inner wall of the sliding sleeve 3, it is easy to slip off or shift its position. The extension of the sliding baffle 24 is equivalent to adding a mechanical stop, which locks the position of the baffle 5, ensuring that the thrust of the hydraulic rod 4 can act stably and vertically on the sliding sleeve 3, avoiding thrust loss, impact load, or structural damage caused by slippage. When the sliding sleeve 3 acts as a reaction support, it needs to be firmly fixed to the rock wall. The outward extension of the baffle 21 is equivalent to increasing the contact area and normal pressure between the sliding sleeve 3 and the rock wall, thereby greatly improving the friction and ensuring the efficiency of propulsion.

[0032] The movement of the blocking plate 21 causes the sliding plate 31 to move, bringing it into contact with the rock wall. Upon contact, the sliding plate 31 experiences a reaction force, causing the blocking plate 21 to continue moving and push the insert rod 32 away from the sliding plate 31. This allows the insert rod 32 to insert into the rock wall, more completely securing the sliding sleeve 3. The movement of the insert rod 32 also pushes the scraper 33 away from the insert rod 32. When the sliding plate 31 returns to its original position, the scraper 33 moves against the surface of the insert rod 32. The system can scrape off the mud from the surface of the insertion rod 32, preventing it from becoming jerky and unable to properly insert into the rock wall after the mud dries. When the insertion rod 32 pushes the scraper 33 to move, the scraper 33 will drive the connecting rod 35 to move. The movement of the connecting rod 35 will pull the sliding frame 34 to fit against the outer wall of the insertion rod 32. The sliding plate 31 moving towards the blocking plate 21 will drive the sliding frame 34 to move. The movement of the sliding frame 34 will drive the pressure block 36 to move. The movement of the pressure block 36 will bring it into contact with the inclined surface of the clamping plate 37. The clamping plate 37 will be pushed to clamp the insertion rod 32, ensuring that the insertion rod 32 will not break after being inserted into the rock wall. The sliding plate 31 plays a sensing and stabilizing role. It first contacts the rock wall and, after receiving the reaction force, triggers the extension action of the insertion rod 32. This ensures that the insertion rod 32 is pierced only after the sliding plate 31 has established stable contact, avoiding the insertion rod 32 from being forcibly extended when suspended or misaligned, and preventing the insertion rod 32 from bending or breaking due to uneven force. The scraper 33 can ensure the smoothness of the surface of the insertion rod 32, so that it can be smoothly and accurately inserted into the rock wall in the next working cycle, improving the reliability and service life of the mechanism. When the insertion rod 32 extends and bears the load, the sliding frame 34 actively fits in, and the pressure block 36 will push the clamping plate 37 to clamp the insertion rod 32, which is equivalent to adding an auxiliary support point to the insertion rod 32, reducing the length of the cantilever part of the insertion rod 32, preventing the insertion rod 32 from swinging violently at the root, and avoiding fatigue fracture caused by stress concentration.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking, comprising a main body (2), a cutterhead (1) rotatably connected to the main body (2), a sliding sleeve (3) sleeved on the outer wall of the main body (2), and a support shoe device, wherein the support shoe device comprises a hydraulic rod (4) and a baffle plate (5), the fixed end of the hydraulic rod (4) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main body (2), the baffle plate (5) is rotatably connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod (4), and an electric telescopic rod is provided between the main body (2) and the sliding sleeve (3), characterized in that, The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking also includes: A protective device for allowing the main body (2) and the sliding sleeve (3) to move only in one direction when they are separated; a limiting device for enabling the support shoe device to push the main body (2) to move more smoothly; and a clamping device for enabling the sliding sleeve (3) to provide sufficient reaction force when the main body (2) moves. The protective device includes a push rod (6) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the hydraulic rod (4), a sliding plate (7) slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body (2), a locking block (8) slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body (2), and a connecting rod (9) connecting the locking block (8) and the sliding plate (7). One end of the connecting rod (9) is rotatably connected to the locking block (8), and the other end of the connecting rod (9) is rotatably connected to the sliding plate (7). The sliding sleeve (3) has a slot on the side near the locking block (8), and the locking block (8) contacts the inner wall of the slot.

2. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective device also includes a sliding plate (10) slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body (2), a telescopic key (11) slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding plate (10), a fixing plate (12) fixed to the outer wall of the sliding plate (7), and a protective plate (13) fixed to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (3). The fixing plate (12) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main body (2), and the protective plate (13) has a limiting groove on the side near the telescopic key (11), and the limiting groove matches the telescopic key (11).

3. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed plate (12) has an inclined surface on the side near the sliding plate (10), the telescopic key (11) has an inclined surface on the side near the limiting groove, the sliding plate (10) and the main body (2) are provided with an elastic element, the telescopic key (11) and the sliding plate (10) are provided with an elastic element, and the sliding plate (7) and the main body (2) are provided with an elastic element.

4. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting device includes a baffle plate (21) slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (3), a sliding block (22) slidably connected to the baffle plate (21), a hydraulic device (23) disposed on the inner wall of the baffle plate (21), and a sliding baffle (24) slidably connected to the inner wall of the baffle plate (21). The hydraulic device (23) is divided into an upper hydraulic push rod and a lower hydraulic push rod. The upper hydraulic push rod and the lower hydraulic push rod are connected by a hose. The upper hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block (22), and the lower hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding baffle (24).

5. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting device includes a sliding rod (25) slidably connected to the outer wall of the blocking plate (21), a support plate (26) slidably connected to the outer wall of the blocking plate (21), a fixing frame (27) fixed to the inner wall of the main body (2), a sliding key one (28) slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame (27), and a sliding key two (29). The sliding baffle (24) has an opening on the side near the sliding rod (25), and the sliding rod (25) matches the opening. The sliding rod (25) has a round rod on the side near the support plate (26), and the support plate (26) has a round opening on the side near the round rod. The inner wall of the blocking plate (21) has a sliding groove, and the sliding key two (29) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. The sliding key two (29) is in contact with the inner wall of the sliding groove.

6. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking as described in claim 5, characterized in that: An elastic element is provided between the blocking plate (21) and the sliding sleeve (3), an elastic element is provided between the sliding block (22) and the blocking plate (21), an elastic element is provided between the sliding rod (25) and the blocking plate (21), the side of the second sliding key (29) near the sliding block (22) is set as an inclined surface, and an elastic element is provided between the first sliding key (28) and the fixing frame (27).

7. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping device includes a sliding plate (31) disposed on the outer wall of the baffle plate (21), an insert rod (32) fixed on the outer wall of the baffle plate (21), and a scraper (33) slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding plate (31). The sliding plate (31) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the baffle plate (21). A groove is provided on the side of the sliding plate (31) near the insert rod (32). The insert rod (32) contacts the inner wall of the groove, and the scraper (33) contacts the outer wall of the insert rod (32).

8. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping device further includes a sliding frame (34) slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide plate (31), a connecting rod (35) rotatably connected to the sliding frame (34) and the scraper (33), a pressure block (36) fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod (35), and a clamping plate (37) slidably connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate (21). One end of the connecting rod (35) is rotatably connected to the sliding frame (34), and the other end of the connecting rod (35) is rotatably connected to the scraper (33). The baffle plate (21) has a slot on the side near the sliding frame (34), and the sliding frame (34) matches the slot.

9. The TBM support shoe device for slurry-balanced rock jacking as described in claim 8, characterized in that: An elastic element is provided between the slide plate (31) and the blocking plate (21), an elastic element is provided between the scraper (33) and the slide plate (31), the pressure block (36) is provided with an inclined surface on the side near the clamping plate (37), and an elastic element is provided between the clamping plate (37) and the blocking plate (21).

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