Heat exchanger, boiler flue gas waste heat recycling equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recycling equipment, which comprises a base plate, heat storage mechanisms and steam turbines are installed on the upper surface of the base plate, the heat storage mechanisms are connected with the steam turbines through pipelines, the heat storage mechanisms absorb the heat of flue gas to generate water vapor, the steam turbines are driven to operate by the water vapor, the base plate is provided with a reversing mechanism, the reversing mechanism is installed on the output end of the steam turbine, and the base plate is provided with crushing mechanisms and generators on the left and right sides of the upper surface. According to actual working conditions, the waste heat power generation and the waste heat driven crushing can be flexibly switched, the limitation of single function of the traditional waste heat recycling equipment is broken, the coal blocks are fully crushed into small particles, the fuel loss rate is effectively reduced, the conversion of the furnace ash and slag from solid waste to recyclable resources is realized, the land resources and disposal costs required for the storage or landfill of the furnace ash and slag are reduced, and the environmental occupation and pollution pressure of the solid waste are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boiler flue gas heat recovery technology, specifically to a heat exchanger and a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in industrial production, residential heating, and energy conversion, boilers play an irreplaceable role in many industries, including chemical, power, and construction. They receive external fuel input, and after internal combustion or heat exchange reactions, output steam, high-temperature water, or organic heat carriers with specific thermal energy parameters. This provides crucial thermal energy support for subsequent production processes and heating system operation.

[0003] In the current fuel application system for boilers and heat exchangers, coal remains the primary fuel type for some industrial boilers and heat exchangers due to its stable supply and relatively low cost. However, such coal-fueled equipment generally suffers from significant energy utilization bottlenecks and resource waste during actual operation: On the one hand, the flue gas produced after coal combustion carries a large amount of unrecovered waste heat. This hot flue gas is mostly discharged directly after only simple desulfurization and denitrification treatments, failing to convert the heat energy contained in the flue gas into electrical or mechanical energy for secondary utilization, resulting in considerable energy waste and increasing the energy consumption and cost of subsequent flue gas cooling treatment; on the other hand, existing equipment lacks an integrated solution that combines flue gas waste heat with fuel pretreatment and combustion product reuse: for coal raw materials... Coal, naturally occurring in lumps or agglomerates, will significantly reduce the contact surface area between coal and combustion air if it is not sufficiently crushed before entering the boiler. This can lead to localized oxygen shortages and low burnout rates during combustion, directly reducing boiler thermal efficiency and increasing overall heating costs due to increased fuel consumption. Furthermore, the solid products generated after coal combustion, such as ash and slag, lack efficient crushing and processing methods under current treatment models. They cannot be converted into reusable resources such as building fillers and roadbed materials and can only be stockpiled or landfilled as solid waste, wasting potential recyclable resources and increasing environmental disposal pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchanger and a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device to at least solve the problem that existing flue gas waste heat recovery technologies cannot promote boiler combustion and solid waste treatment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a heat exchanger and a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device, comprising a chassis, wherein a heat storage mechanism and a steam turbine are respectively installed on the left and right ends of the front side of the upper surface of the chassis, the heat storage mechanism and the steam turbine are connected by a pipeline, the heat storage mechanism absorbs heat from the flue gas to generate steam, and uses the steam to drive the steam turbine; a reversing mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the chassis and is installed at the output end of the steam turbine; a crushing mechanism and a generator are respectively installed on the left and right ends of the right side of the upper surface of the chassis, and the crushing mechanism or the generator is driven to run by the reversing mechanism; The purpose is to absorb waste heat from flue gas, prevent waste of flue gas heat, and reduce the difficulty of subsequent flue gas treatment. The heat storage mechanism includes a tank installed on the upper surface of the chassis. Water storage tanks are installed at both ends of the tank. Solenoid valves and pressure reducing valves are respectively installed on the outer walls of the two water storage tanks. The solenoid valves are connected to a water source, and the pressure reducing valves are connected to the steam turbine through pipelines. Several heat absorption tubes are installed between the two water storage tanks. The heat absorption tubes are made of copper and have good thermal conductivity, which can absorb waste heat from the flue gas and raise the temperature of the circulating water passing through. Flue gas flange pipes are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the tank. Flue gas is introduced into the tank through the flue gas flange pipes, and the heat absorption tubes absorb the waste heat of the flue gas. A water pump is installed on the outer wall of the tank. The water pump inlet and outlet are connected to the two water storage tanks through water pipes. Under the suction of the water pump, the water circulates in the heat absorption tubes.

[0006] Preferably, the purpose is to switch the power between the crushing mechanism and the generator. The reversing mechanism includes a vertical plate mounted on the upper surface of the chassis. A sleeve is mounted on the top of the vertical plate via a bearing. A first rotating shaft connected to the output end of the steam turbine is mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve via a bearing. A first spur gear is mounted on the rear end of the first rotating shaft. Positioning blind holes are provided on both the left and right sides of the top front of the vertical plate. A support rod is mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve. A positioning bolt is screwed onto the outer wall of the support rod. When the positioning bolt engages with the thread of the positioning blind hole, it positions the support rod. Two left-right symmetrical limiting blocks are mounted on the top front of the vertical plate. The limiting blocks constrain the swing angle of the support rod. A second spur gear that meshes with the first spur gear is mounted on the top of the support rod via a pin.

[0007] Preferably, the purpose is to crush coal before use and pulverize and reuse solid waste from furnace ash blasting. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing box mounted on the upper surface of a chassis. A hopper is installed on the upper surface of the crushing box, and coal or furnace ash is fed into the crushing box using the hopper. A drive assembly is installed on the front of the crushing box. A slide rod is horizontally installed on the inner front wall of the crushing box. A slide block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rod. A guide wheel is installed at the bottom of the slide block. The guide wheel, in cooperation with the drive assembly, drives the slide block to reciprocate back and forth. A connecting rod is mounted on the top of the slide block via a pin. A connecting rod is mounted on the bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing box via a pin. The device has a first extrusion plate, which is connected to the other end of a connecting rod via a pin. The connecting rod pulls the first extrusion plate to swing back and forth, thus extruding coal or ash. A guide assembly is installed on the rear side of the inner cavity of the crushing box. Telescopic rods are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the rear inner wall of the crushing box. A second extrusion plate is installed at the front end of the telescopic rod. The second extrusion plate cooperates with the first extrusion plate to crush the coal or ash. An insert rod is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rod. The guide assembly cooperates with the insert rod to drive the second extrusion plate to move back and forth. A guide plate is installed at the bottom of the crushing box to achieve centralized material feeding.

[0008] Preferably, the distance between the first extrusion plate and the second extrusion plate gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the opposing surfaces are both anti-slip surfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a second rotating shaft mounted on the front of the crushing chamber via bearings. A third spur gear and a roller are respectively mounted at the front and rear ends of the second rotating shaft, and the third spur gear can mesh with the second spur gear. The outer wall of the roller is provided with a sliding groove, and a guide wheel is inserted into the inner cavity of the sliding groove.

[0010] Preferably, the grooves are distributed in a wave-like pattern on the outer wall of the roller.

[0011] Preferably, the guiding assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder installed at the rear end of the lower surface of the crushing box, a frame installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, guide grooves being provided on the left and right side walls of the frame from top to bottom, and a rod being inserted into the inner cavity of the guide groove, and a guide rod penetrating the upper surface of the crushing box being installed on the top of the frame, the guide rod serving to guide the frame.

[0012] Preferably, the guide grooves are distributed in a Z-shape on the outer wall of the frame.

[0013] The heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization equipment proposed in this invention have the following advantages: 1. This invention uses a limiting block and a positioning bolt to form a dual positioning structure. The limiting block can precisely constrain the swing angle of the support rod, ensuring that the second spur gear can stably connect to the power input end of the generator or crushing mechanism. At the same time, the positioning bolt and the threaded engagement of the positioning blind hole can reliably lock the adjusted support rod, effectively preventing deviation or dislocation during power transmission. It can flexibly switch between two working modes: waste heat power generation and waste heat-driven crushing, according to actual working conditions. This breaks the limitation of the single function of traditional waste heat recovery equipment, allowing flue gas waste heat to adapt to the energy needs of different scenarios, maximizing the utilization rate of waste heat resources and avoiding heat energy waste.

[0014] 2. This invention transmits power through the precise meshing of the second and third spur gears, driving the drum to rotate stably. The wave-shaped groove on the outer wall of the drum and the guide wheel at the bottom of the slide block form a linkage structure, which can convert the rotational motion of the drum into the reciprocating motion of the slide block along the slide rod. This, in turn, pulls the first extrusion plate through the connecting rod to achieve periodic oscillation, forming a continuous extrusion force on the coal block. At the same time, when the hydraulic cylinder drives the frame to rise and fall, the Z-shaped guide groove on the side wall of the frame can move the second extrusion plate back and forth by cooperating with the insertion rod on the outer wall of the telescopic rod, flexibly adjusting the distance between the first and second extrusion plates to ensure that the coal block is fully crushed into small-diameter particles. The contact surface area between the crushed coal block and the combustion air is greatly increased, enabling more complete combustion in the boiler, effectively reducing fuel loss rate, thereby reducing heating costs, and solving the energy waste problem caused by incomplete combustion of traditional coal.

[0015] 3. In terms of solid waste treatment, the above-mentioned crushing structure is also applicable to the ash and slag produced after boiler combustion: by adjusting the spacing of the extrusion plates, the ash and slag can be crushed into granular materials that meet the reuse standards of the construction industry, realizing the transformation of ash and slag from solid waste to recyclable resources. This not only reduces the land resources and disposal costs required for ash and slag storage or landfill, but also reduces the environmental impact and pollution pressure of solid waste, achieving a synergistic improvement in economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the heat storage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the reversing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a left-side cross-sectional view of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7This is a left view of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the guide component of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Heat storage mechanism; 3. Steam turbine; 4. Reversing mechanism; 5. Crushing mechanism; 6. Generator; 21. Tank; 22. Water storage tank; 23. Solenoid valve; 24. Pressure reducing valve; 25. Heat absorption pipe; 26. Flue gas flange pipe; 27. Water pump; 41. Vertical plate; 42. Sleeve; 43. First rotating shaft; 44. First spur gear; 45. Positioning blind hole; 46. Support rod; 47. Positioning bolt; 48. Limiting block; 49. Second spur gear; 51. Crushing box; 52. Hopper; 53. Drive assembly; 54. Slide rod; 55. Slide base; 56. Guide wheel; 57. Connecting rod; 58. First extrusion plate; 59. Guide assembly; 510. Telescopic rod; 511. Second extrusion plate; 512. Insert rod; 513. Guide plate; 531. Second rotating shaft; 532. Third spur gear; 533. Drum; 534. Slide groove; 591. Hydraulic cylinder; 592. Frame; 593. Guide groove; 594. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a heat exchanger and a boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device, including a chassis 1. A heat storage mechanism 2 and a steam turbine 3 are respectively installed on the left and right ends of the front side of the upper surface of the chassis 1. The heat storage mechanism 2 and the steam turbine 3 are connected by a pipeline. The heat storage mechanism 2 absorbs heat from the flue gas to generate steam, and uses the steam to run the steam turbine 3. A reversing mechanism 4 is installed on the upper surface of the chassis 1. The reversing mechanism 4 is installed at the output end of the steam turbine 3. A crushing mechanism 5 and a generator 6 are respectively installed on the left and right ends of the right side of the upper surface of the chassis 1. The crushing mechanism 5 or the generator 6 is driven to run by the reversing mechanism 4. The heat storage mechanism 2 includes a tank 21 installed on the upper surface of the chassis 1. The tank 21 provides space for flue gas to move. Water storage tanks 22 are installed at both ends of the tank 21. The water storage tanks 22 store hot water. Solenoid valves 23 and pressure reducing valves 24 are respectively installed on the outer walls of the two water storage tanks 22. Solenoid valves 23 are connected to a water source. Pressure reducing valves 24 are connected to the steam turbine 3 through pipes. Several heat absorption pipes 25 are installed between the two water storage tanks 22. The heat absorption pipes 25 are made of copper and have good thermal conductivity. They can absorb the waste heat of flue gas and raise the temperature of the circulating water. Flue gas flange pipes 26 are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the tank 21. Flue gas is introduced into the tank 21 through the flue gas flange pipes 26. The heat absorption pipes 25 absorb the waste heat of flue gas. A water pump 27 is installed on the outer wall of the tank 21. The inlet and outlet of the water pump 27 are connected to the two water storage tanks 22 through water pipes. Under the suction of the water pump 27, water circulates in the heat absorption pipes 25. The heat absorption tube 25 is made of copper. The excellent thermal conductivity of copper ensures that it can quickly absorb the residual heat in the flue gas in the tank 21, thereby efficiently heating the circulating water flowing through the heat absorption tube 25.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the reversing mechanism 4 further includes a vertical plate 41 mounted on the upper surface of the chassis 1. A sleeve 42 is mounted on the top of the vertical plate 41 via a bearing. A first rotating shaft 43 connected to the output end of the turbine 3 is mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve 42 via a bearing. The first rotating shaft 43 is coaxial with the sleeve 42. A first spur gear 44 is mounted on the rear end of the first rotating shaft 43. The first spur gear 44 is driven to rotate by the power of the turbine 3. Positioning blind holes 45 are provided on both the left and right sides of the top front of the vertical plate 41. A support rod 46 is installed on the outer wall, and a positioning bolt 47 is screwed onto the outer wall of the support rod 46. When the positioning bolt 47 is threaded into the positioning blind hole 45, it positions the support rod 46. Two left-right symmetrical limit blocks 48 are installed on the top front of the upright plate 41. The swing angle of the support rod 46 is constrained by the limit blocks 48. A second spur gear 49 that meshes with the first spur gear 44 is installed on the top of the support rod 46 through a pin. Under the constraint of the limit blocks 48, the second spur gear 49 can be stably connected to the crushing mechanism 5 or the generator 6. The limiting block 48 constrains the position of the support rod 46, and the positioning bolt 47 cooperates with the positioning blind hole 45 to lock the support rod 46, thereby achieving dual positioning of the support rod 46 and improving the output stability of the second spur gear 49.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the crushing mechanism 5 further includes a crushing box 51 mounted on the upper surface of the chassis 1. A hopper 52 is mounted on the upper surface of the crushing box 51, through which coal or furnace ash is fed into the crushing box 51. A baffle plate is horizontally inserted into the hopper 52 to control the amount of material fed. A drive assembly 53 is mounted on the front of the crushing box 51. A slide rod 54 is horizontally mounted on the inner front wall of the crushing box 51. A slide seat 55 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rod 54. The movement of the slide seat 55 on the slide rod 54 achieves the traction of the connecting rod 57. A guide wheel 56 is mounted on the bottom of the slide seat 55. The guide wheel 56 cooperates with the drive assembly 53 to drive the slide seat 55 to reciprocate back and forth. One end of the connecting rod 57 is mounted on the top of the slide seat 55 via a pin. A first extrusion plate 58 is mounted on the bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing box 51 via a pin, and the first extrusion plate 58 is connected to the other end of the connecting rod 57 via a pin. The rod 57 pulls the first extrusion plate 58 to swing back and forth, which extrudes the coal or furnace ash. A guide component 59 is installed on the rear side of the inner cavity of the crushing box 51. Telescopic rods 510 are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the rear inner wall of the crushing box 51. A second extrusion plate 511 is installed at the front end of the telescopic rod 510. The second extrusion plate 511 cooperates with the first extrusion plate 58 to crush the coal or furnace ash. The distance between the first extrusion plate 58 and the second extrusion plate 511 gradually decreases from top to bottom, which can gradually crush the coal or furnace ash and reduce the load on the first extrusion plate 58 and the second extrusion plate 511. The opposing surfaces are all anti-slip surfaces to prevent slippage during extrusion. An insertion rod 512 is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rod 510. The second extrusion plate 511 is driven to move back and forth through the cooperation of the guide component 59 and the insertion rod 512. A guide plate 513 is installed at the bottom of the crushing box 51 to achieve centralized material feeding. The crushing mechanism 5 is the core functional unit for realizing coal pretreatment crushing and furnace ash slag resource crushing. Through the design of combining mechanical transmission and extrusion crushing, it can adapt to the crushing needs of different solid materials.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly 53 further includes a second rotating shaft 531 mounted on the front of the crushing chamber 51 via bearings. A third spur gear 532 and a drum 533 are respectively mounted at the front and rear ends of the second rotating shaft 531. The third spur gear 532 can mesh with the second spur gear 49. A groove 534 is provided on the outer wall of the drum 533, and a guide wheel 56 is inserted into the inner cavity of the groove 534. The groove 534 is distributed in a wave-like pattern on the outer wall of the drum 533. The inclined surfaces on both sides of the groove 534 are in opposite directions. When the groove 534 rotates, the inclined surfaces of the groove 534 alternately press the guide wheel 56 forward and backward, thereby realizing the reciprocating motion of the slide block 55.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the guide assembly 59 further includes a hydraulic cylinder 591 installed at the rear end of the lower surface of the crushing box 51. A frame 592 is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 591. The hydraulic cylinder 591 drives the frame 592 to rise and fall. Guide grooves 593 are provided on the left and right side walls of the frame 592 from top to bottom, and the insert rod 512 is inserted into the inner cavity of the guide groove 593. The guide grooves 593 are distributed in a Z-shape on the outer wall of the frame 592. When the frame 592 moves up and down, the inclined surface of the guide groove 593 can press the insert rod 512 forward or backward, thereby reducing or increasing the distance between the first extrusion plate 58 and the second extrusion plate 511 and changing the crushing particle size. A guide rod 594 is installed on the top of the frame 592, penetrating the upper surface of the crushing box 51. The guide rod 594 guides the frame 592.

[0024] Its detailed connection method is a well-known technology in this field. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and the specific work is as follows.

[0025] Step 1: Flue gas moves in tank 21, heat absorption pipe 25 absorbs the waste heat of flue gas, water pump 27 circulates water under its own suction, heat absorption pipe 25 heats water to produce steam, when the steam pressure is greater than the set value of pressure reducing valve 24, the steam enters steam turbine 3, steam turbine 3 provides power to reversing mechanism 4. Step 2: Rotate the support rod 46 left and right, and screw the positioning bolt 47 into the positioning blind hole 45 to position the support rod 46, so that the second spur gear 49 can be stably connected to the generator 6 or the drive assembly 53, thereby realizing the switching of working mode; Step 3: Under the transmission conditions of the first spur gear 44 and the second spur gear 49, the rotor of generator 6 rotates to generate electrical energy, converting the waste heat of flue gas into electrical energy. Step four: When the third spur gear 532 drives the driving roller 533 to rotate, due to the opposite inclined surfaces on the adjacent sides of the slide groove 534, the slide groove 534 can alternately squeeze the guide wheel 56, causing the slide block 55 to move back and forth, and the connecting rod 57 pulls the first extrusion plate 58 to swing back and forth. When the hydraulic cylinder 591 drives the frame 592 to rise or fall, the inclined surface of the guide groove 593 can push the insert rod 512 forward or backward. Under the support of the telescopic rod 510, the second extrusion plate 511 moves forward or backward, and the distance between the first extrusion plate 58 and the second extrusion plate 511 becomes smaller or larger. When it becomes larger, the coal is crushed, the surface area of ​​the coal is expanded, and the coal can be fully burned in the boiler. When it becomes smaller, the furnace ash can be crushed, so that it can be used in the construction industry and recycled.

[0026] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device, comprising a chassis (1), characterized in that, A heat storage mechanism (2) and a steam turbine (3) are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the front side of the upper surface of the chassis (1). The heat storage mechanism (2) and the steam turbine (3) are connected by a pipe. The heat storage mechanism (2) absorbs the heat of the flue gas to generate water vapor, and uses the water vapor to run the steam turbine (3). A reversing mechanism (4) is installed on the upper surface of the chassis (1). The reversing mechanism (4) is installed at the output end of the steam turbine (3). A crushing mechanism (5) and a generator (6) are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the chassis (1). The crushing mechanism (5) or the generator (6) is driven to run by the reversing mechanism (4). The heat storage mechanism (2) includes a tank (21) mounted on the upper surface of the chassis (1). Water storage tanks (22) are installed at both ends of the tank (21). A solenoid valve (23) and a pressure reducing valve (24) are respectively installed on the outer walls of the two water storage tanks (22). The solenoid valve (23) is connected to a water source, and the pressure reducing valve (24) is connected to the steam turbine (3) via a pipe. Several heat-absorbing pipes (25) are installed between the two water storage tanks (22). The heat-absorbing pipes (25) are made of copper and have the following properties: With good thermal conductivity, it can absorb the waste heat of flue gas and raise the temperature of the circulating water. Flue gas flange pipes (26) are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the tank (21). Flue gas is introduced into the tank (21) through the flue gas flange pipes (26). The heat absorption pipe (25) absorbs the waste heat of the flue gas. A water pump (27) is installed on the outer wall of the tank (21). The inlet and outlet of the water pump (27) are connected to two water storage tanks (22) through water pipes. Under the suction of the water pump (27), the water circulates in the heat absorption pipe (25).

2. The heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reversing mechanism (4) includes a vertical plate (41) mounted on the upper surface of the chassis (1). A sleeve (42) is mounted on the top of the vertical plate (41) via a bearing. A first rotating shaft (43) connected to the output end of the steam turbine (3) is mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve (42) via a bearing. A first spur gear (44) is mounted on the rear end of the first rotating shaft (43). Positioning blind holes (45) are provided on both the left and right sides of the top front of the vertical plate (41). A support rod (46) is mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve (42). A positioning bolt (47) is screwed onto the outer wall of the support rod (46). When the positioning bolt (47) engages with the positioning blind hole (45), it positions the support rod (46). Two left-right symmetrical limiting blocks (48) are mounted on the top front of the vertical plate (41). The swing angle of the support rod (46) is constrained by the limiting blocks (48). A second spur gear (49) meshing with the first spur gear (44) is mounted on the top of the support rod (46) via a pin.

3. A heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (5) includes a crushing box (51) mounted on the upper surface of the chassis (1). A hopper (52) is mounted on the upper surface of the crushing box (51). Coal or furnace ash is fed into the crushing box (51) using the hopper (52). A drive assembly (53) is mounted on the front of the crushing box (51). A slide rod (54) is horizontally mounted on the inner front wall of the crushing box (51). A slide seat (55) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rod (54). A guide wheel (56) is mounted on the bottom of the slide seat (55). The guide wheel (56) cooperates with the drive assembly (53) to drive the slide seat (55) to reciprocate back and forth. A connecting rod (57) is mounted on the top of the slide seat (55) via a pin. A first extrusion plate (58) is mounted on the bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing box (51) via a pin. The other end of the connecting rod (57) is connected by a pin. The connecting rod (57) pulls the first extrusion plate (58) to swing back and forth, which can squeeze the coal or furnace ash. A guide assembly (59) is installed on the rear side of the inner cavity of the crushing box (51). Telescopic rods (510) are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the rear inner wall of the crushing box (51). A second extrusion plate (511) is installed at the front end of the telescopic rod (510). The second extrusion plate (511) cooperates with the first extrusion plate (58) to crush the coal or furnace ash. An insertion rod (512) is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rod (510). The second extrusion plate (511) is driven to move back and forth through the cooperation of the guide assembly (59) and the insertion rod (512). A guide plate (513) is installed at the bottom of the crushing box (51). The guide plate (513) realizes centralized feeding.

4. A heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the first extrusion plate (58) and the second extrusion plate (511) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the opposing surfaces are both anti-slip surfaces.

5. A heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly (53) includes a second rotating shaft (531) mounted on the front of the crushing box (51) via bearings. A third spur gear (532) and a roller (533) are respectively mounted at the front and rear ends of the second rotating shaft (531). The third spur gear (532) can mesh with the second spur gear (49). A groove (534) is provided on the outer wall of the roller (533), and a guide wheel (56) is inserted into the inner cavity of the groove (534).

6. A heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The groove (534) is distributed in a wave-like pattern on the outer wall of the roller (533).

7. A heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide assembly (59) includes a hydraulic cylinder (591) installed at the rear end of the lower surface of the crushing box (51). A frame (592) is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (591). Guide grooves (593) are provided on the left and right side walls of the frame (592) from top to bottom. A rod (512) is inserted into the inner cavity of the guide groove (593). A guide rod (594) is installed on the top of the frame (592) and penetrates the upper surface of the crushing box (51). The guide rod (594) guides the frame (592).

8. A heat exchanger and boiler flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guide grooves (593) are distributed in a Z-shape on the outer wall of the frame (592).

Images