A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The application discloses a high-performance multistage hydraulic oil cylinder, which comprises a base, a cylinder body, a fixing groove, two load-reducing components, two damping components and two filtering components; the fixing groove is fixedly installed on the base; the cylinder body is fixedly installed on the base through the fixing groove; two supporting plates are fixedly connected to the base; two installation blocks are fixedly connected to the two supporting plates respectively; two groove pipes are rotatably connected to the two installation blocks respectively; supporting blocks are slidably connected into the groove pipes; a pressure-bearing disc is arranged at the top of the cylinder body; and two notches are arranged on the pressure-bearing disc. Through the load-reducing components, the triangular blocks and the racks are engaged to realize one-way limiting; the supporting blocks and the groove pipes can only be adjusted upwards along with the extension of the piston rod and cannot fall downwards under the action of load; meanwhile, the axial load and the radial bending moment borne by the cylinder body are dispersed and transmitted to the supporting plates and the base, so that the direct stress borne by the cylinder body and the piston rod is greatly reduced, and the bending of the piston rod caused by heavy load in the long-stroke overhanging state is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic cylinder technology, and in particular to a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. Background Technology

[0002] Multistage hydraulic cylinders are commonly used actuators in engineering machinery, lifting equipment, and hydraulic transmission systems. They can achieve a large stroke of extension and retraction within a small installation space. Driven by hydraulic oil, the piston rod extends step by step, providing stable thrust and support for the load. They are widely used in operation scenarios that require long stroke and high load capacity.

[0003] The high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder disclosed in patent publication number "CN112065815B" uses a positioning block to drive the first and second locking teeth to mesh, thereby positioning the fixed rod and supporting the mounting base. This can reduce the pressure of the mounting base on the multi-stage piston hydraulic tension cylinder to a certain extent, thus avoiding excessive pressure on the multi-stage piston hydraulic tension cylinder, which would significantly affect its service life.

[0004] However, in actual use, the extension length of the hydraulic cylinder cannot always ensure that the two locking teeth can engage precisely. This can easily lead to incomplete engagement, jamming, or support failure, affecting the stable operation of the load reduction and locking structure. Furthermore, when the piston rod is extended and exposed for an extended period of time, external dust, debris, and other impurities can easily adhere to the piston rod surface and enter the hydraulic cylinder as the piston rod retracts. This can cause wear on the seals, scratches on the cylinder barrel, and contamination of the hydraulic oil, leading to problems such as internal leakage, jamming, and abnormal noise.

[0005] Accordingly, this application proposes a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder includes a base, a cylinder body, a mounting cavity, two load-reducing components, two shock-absorbing components, and two filter components.

[0009] The fixing hole is fixedly installed on the base, and the cylinder body is fixedly installed on the base through the fixing hole. Two support plates are fixedly connected to the base, and mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the two support plates respectively. Grooves are rotatably connected to the two mounting blocks respectively, and support blocks are slidably connected inside the grooves. A pressure plate is provided at the top of the cylinder body, and there are two notches on the pressure plate. The two support blocks are rotatably connected to the two notches respectively.

[0010] The load reduction component is used to reduce the load on the cylinder block;

[0011] The vibration damping assembly is used to reduce vibration during the extension and retraction of the cylinder piston rod;

[0012] The filter assembly is used to filter impurities adhering to the hydraulic oil.

[0013] Preferably, the shock absorption assembly includes an airbag, four round rods, four first springs, four limiting blocks, and a groove block; the four round rods are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the support block, the four round rods are respectively slidably connected to the groove block, and the four limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the four round rods.

[0014] Preferably, the airbag is fixedly installed on the groove block, the airbag is attached to one end of the support block, the groove block is slidably connected in the groove tube, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the support block, the other end is fixedly connected to the groove block, and the round rod is disposed in the first spring.

[0015] Preferably, the support assembly includes a torsion handle, an inner groove, a lead screw, two triangular blocks, two racks, and several second springs; the lead screw is slidably connected to the groove block, the torsion handle is fixedly connected to the lead screw, and the triangular blocks are rotatably connected to the lead screw.

[0016] Preferably, the triangular block is slidably connected to the inner groove, the two racks are slidably connected to the groove tube respectively, and several second springs are fixed at one end to the groove tube and at the other end to the rack respectively. One side of the rack is a straight surface and the other side is an inclined surface.

[0017] Preferably, the filter assembly includes a conical mesh, an annular groove, a plurality of filter holes, a plurality of support rods, a mounting ring, and a plurality of brush wheels. The annular groove is fixedly connected to the piston rod extension and retraction point of the cylinder body, the conical mesh is fixedly connected to the annular groove, and the plurality of filter holes are respectively disposed on the conical mesh.

[0018] Preferably, the upper edge of the tapered mesh is attached to the piston rod of the cylinder body, one end of each of the several support rods is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting ring, and several brush wheels are rotatably connected to the mounting ring, with the arc surface of the brush wheel in contact with the piston rod of the cylinder body.

[0019] Preferably, the cylinder body is provided with two oil ports, the groove tube is provided with two first sliding grooves, the two racks are respectively provided at the first sliding grooves, the groove tube is provided with a second sliding groove, and the lead screw is provided at the second sliding groove.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. By turning the torsion handle through the shock absorption assembly, the lead screw is rotated, ensuring that the triangular block and rack disengage. When the cylinder drives the pressure plate to rise, it can pull the support block to slide in the groove tube and lift it up with the groove tube. At this time, the round rod pulls the groove block to slide with the support block in the groove tube through the limit block. During the extension and retraction of the cylinder piston rod, the air bag and the first spring jointly absorb vibration and impact, improving the smooth operation of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder.

[0022] Second, through the load reduction component, after the piston rod of the cylinder extends, the torsion handle is turned to rotate the lead screw, so that the triangular block contacts or engages with the rack. Then, the groove block is pushed to squeeze the air bag, and the triangular block slides forward to engage with the next rack tooth. Since one side of the rack tooth is a straight surface and the other side is a slope, the triangular block can achieve one-way limiting after engaging with the rack. The support block and the groove tube can only be adjusted upward as the piston rod extends, and cannot fall downward under the load. At the same time, the axial load and radial bending moment of the cylinder are distributed and transferred to the support plate and the base, which greatly reduces the direct force on the cylinder and piston rod and avoids the piston rod bending due to heavy load under long stroke cantilever state.

[0023] Third, through the filter assembly, when the piston rod of the cylinder is retracted, the upper edge of the conical mesh can scrape the hydraulic oil and impurities on the surface of the piston rod onto the surface of the conical mesh. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows along the surface of the conical mesh, flows into the inner wall of the conical mesh through the filter holes, and flows into the annular groove. As the piston rod drives the brush wheel to rotate, the brush wheel comes into contact with the filtered hydraulic oil in the annular groove, and then continuously wets the surface of the piston rod to form an oil film. This not only ensures the lubrication effect when the piston rod retracts, but also further cleans the residual impurities on the surface of the piston rod, preventing impurities from entering the cylinder with the piston rod and causing wear of the seals, scratches on the cylinder barrel, and contamination of the hydraulic oil. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of components such as the cylinder body, support plate, and pressure plate of a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of some components on the groove tube of a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is an internal sectional view of a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder groove tube proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of components such as the groove block, lead screw, and torsion handle of a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the first slide groove of a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of two conical meshes in a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is an internal cross-sectional view of a high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder with a conical mesh, as proposed in this invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Support plate; 3. Cylinder body; 4. Oil port; 5. Fixing hole; 6. Pressure plate; 7. Groove tube; 8. Conical mesh; 9. First slide groove; 10. Support block; 11. Lead screw; 12. Mounting block; 13. Rack; 14. Second slide groove; 15. Airbag; 16. Triangular block; 17. Groove block; 18. Inner groove; 19. Limiting block; 20. Round rod; 21. First spring; 22. Second spring; 23. Notch; 24. Torque handle; 25. Ring groove; 26. Mounting ring; 27. Brush wheel; 28. Filter hole; 29. ​​Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 5 A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder includes a base 1, a cylinder body 3, a fixing cavity 5, two load-reducing components, two shock-absorbing components, and two filter components.

[0036] The fixing hole 5 is fixedly installed on the base 1. The cylinder body 3 is fixedly installed on the base 1 through the fixing hole 5. Two support plates 2 are fixedly connected to the base 1. The support plates 2 are used to support the upper structure. The two support plates 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting blocks 12. The mounting blocks 12 are used to rotatably install the groove tube 7. The groove tube 7 is rotatably connected to the two mounting blocks 12. The groove tube 7 is used to provide sliding guidance for the support block 10 and the groove block 17. The support block 10 is slidably connected inside the groove tube 7. The support block 10 is used to support the pressure plate 6 and transmit the force. The top of the cylinder body 3 is provided with a pressure plate 6. The pressure plate 6 is used to bear the external load. There are two notches 23 on the pressure plate 6. The notches 23 are used to rotatably cooperate with the support block 10. The two support blocks 10 are respectively rotatably connected inside the two notches 23.

[0037] The load reduction component is used to reduce the load on cylinder 3;

[0038] The vibration damping assembly is used to reduce vibration during the extension and retraction of the piston rod in cylinder 3;

[0039] The filter assembly is used to filter out impurities adhering to the hydraulic oil.

[0040] The shock absorption assembly includes an airbag 15, four round rods 20, four first springs 21, four limiting blocks 19, and a groove block 17. The airbag 15 is used for buffering and absorbing shock, the round rods 20 are used for guiding and positioning, the first springs 21 are used for elastic shock absorption, and the limiting blocks 19 are used to limit the sliding stroke. At the same time, they can cooperate with the round rods 20 to drive the groove block 17 to slide. The groove block 17 is used to install the shock absorption component and can slide in the groove tube 7.

[0041] Four round rods 20 are fixedly connected to one end of the support block 10, and four round rods 20 are slidably connected to the groove block 17. Four limiting blocks 19 are fixedly connected to the four round rods 20. The airbag 15 is fixedly installed on the groove block 17 and is attached to one end of the support block 10. The airbag 15 absorbs impact vibration through elastic deformation. The groove block 17 is slidably connected in the groove tube 7. One end of the first spring 21 is fixedly connected to the support block 10 and the other end is fixedly connected to the groove block 17. The first spring 21 buffers vibration through elastic extension and contraction. The round rods 20 are located in the first spring 21 and guide and limit the first spring 21. The cylinder body 3 is provided with two oil ports 4. The oil ports 4 are used for hydraulic oil to enter and exit to realize the extension and contraction of the cylinder body 3.

[0042] In this embodiment, turning the torsion handle 24 causes the lead screw 11 to rotate, ensuring that the triangular block 16 disengages from the rack 13. When the cylinder body 3 drives the pressure plate 6 to rise, it can pull the support block 10 to slide in the groove tube 7 and lift it up with the groove tube 7. At this time, the round rod 20 pulls the groove block 17 to slide in the groove tube 7 with the support block 10 through the limiting block 19. During the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the cylinder body 3, the air bag 15 and the first spring 21 jointly absorb vibration and impact, improving the smooth operation of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] Unlike Example 1, referring to Figures 2 to 6 This embodiment also has the following further features:

[0045] The support assembly includes a torsion handle 24, an inner groove 18, a lead screw 11, two triangular blocks 16, two racks 13, and several second springs 22. The lead screw 11 is slidably connected to the groove block 17, the torsion handle 24 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 11, and the triangular blocks 16 are rotatably connected to the lead screw 11. The torsion handle 24 is used to drive the lead screw 11 to rotate and adjust, the inner groove 18 is used to slide and guide the triangular blocks 16, the lead screw 11 is used to drive the displacement of the triangular blocks 16, the triangular blocks 16 are used to cooperate with the racks 13 to achieve locking and limiting, the racks 13 are used to mesh with the triangular blocks 16 to form unidirectional positioning, and the second springs 22 are used to provide elastic restoring force to the racks 13.

[0046] Triangular block 16 is slidably connected to inner groove 18, two racks 13 are slidably connected to groove tube 7 respectively, and several second springs 22 are fixed at one end to groove tube 7 and at the other end to rack 13 respectively. One side of the rack 13 is a straight surface and the other side is an inclined surface. The straight surface is used to lock and prevent falling back, and the inclined surface is used to achieve smooth one-way sliding.

[0047] The grooved tube 7 is provided with two first sliding grooves 9, and two racks 13 are respectively provided at the first sliding grooves 9. The grooved tube 7 is provided with a second sliding groove 14, and the lead screw 11 is provided at the second sliding groove 14. The second sliding groove 14 is used to provide the lead screw 11 with space for movement and avoidance.

[0048] In this embodiment, after the piston rod of the cylinder 3 extends, the torsion handle 24 is turned to rotate the lead screw 11, so that the triangular block 16 contacts or engages with the rack 13. Then, the groove block 17 is pushed to compress the airbag 15, thereby causing the triangular block 16 to slide forward and engage with the next sawtooth of the rack 13. Since one side of the sawtooth of the rack 13 is a straight surface and the other side is a slope, the triangular block 16 can achieve unidirectional limiting after engaging with the rack 13. The support block 10 and the groove tube 7 can only be adjusted upward as the piston rod extends, and cannot fall downward under the load. At the same time, the axial load and radial bending moment of the cylinder 3 are distributed and transmitted to the support plate 2 and the base 1, which greatly reduces the direct force on the cylinder 3 and the piston rod and avoids the piston rod bending due to heavy load under long stroke extension.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Compared to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, in this embodiment:

[0051] The filter assembly includes a conical mesh 8, an annular groove 25, several filter holes 28, several support rods 29, a mounting ring 26, and several brush wheels 27. The annular groove 25 is fixedly connected to the piston rod extension and retraction point of the cylinder 3, the conical mesh 8 is fixedly connected to the annular groove 25, and several filter holes 28 are respectively provided on the conical mesh 8. The conical mesh 8 is used to block and guide the hydraulic oil and impurities on the piston rod surface, the annular groove 25 is used to collect the filtered oil and impurities, the filter holes 28 are used to separate and filter impurities from the hydraulic oil, the support rods 29 are used to support and fix the mounting ring 26, the mounting ring 26 is used to rotate and install the brush wheels 27, and the brush wheels 27 are used to wipe and clean the piston rod surface.

[0052] The upper edge of the conical mesh 8 is attached to the piston rod of the cylinder 3 to scrape the hydraulic oil and impurities on the surface of the piston rod. One end of several support rods 29 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring groove 25, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 26. Several brush wheels 27 are rotatably connected to the mounting ring 26. The arc surface of the brush wheel 27 is in contact with the piston rod of the cylinder 3 for cleaning as the piston rod extends and retracts.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the piston rod of the cylinder 3 retracts, the upper edge of the conical mesh 8 can scrape the hydraulic oil and impurities on the surface of the piston rod onto the surface of the conical mesh 8. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows along the surface of the conical mesh 8, flows into the inner wall of the conical mesh 8 through the filter holes 28, and flows into the annular groove 25. As the piston rod drives the brush wheel 27 to rotate, the brush wheel 27 comes into contact with the filtered hydraulic oil in the annular groove 25, and then continuously wets the surface of the piston rod to form an oil film. This not only ensures the lubrication effect when the piston rod retracts, but also further cleans the residual impurities on the surface of the piston rod, preventing impurities from entering the cylinder 3 with the piston rod and causing wear of the seals, scratches on the cylinder barrel, and contamination of the hydraulic oil.

[0054] It should be noted that when the piston rod of cylinder 3 extends, its surface has a limited oil film thickness because it has not come into contact with impurities. Therefore, the edge of the conical mesh 8 will not completely scrape off the oil film, thus preserving the basic lubricating oil film on the piston rod surface and ensuring a smooth and low-resistance extension process.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that, Includes a base (1), a cylinder (3), a fixing hole (5), two load-reducing components, two shock-absorbing components, and two filter components; The fixing hole (5) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and the cylinder (3) is fixedly installed on the base (1) through the fixing hole (5). Two support plates (2) are fixedly connected on the base (1). Mounting blocks (12) are fixedly connected on the two support plates (2). Grooves (7) are rotatably connected on the two mounting blocks (12). Support blocks (10) are slidably connected inside the grooves (7). A pressure plate (6) is provided at the top of the cylinder (3). Two notches (23) are on the pressure plate (6). The two support blocks (10) are rotatably connected inside the two notches (23). The load reduction component is used to reduce the load on the cylinder (3); The shock absorption assembly is used to reduce the vibration of the piston rod during the extension and retraction process of the cylinder (3); The filter assembly is used to filter impurities adhering to the hydraulic oil.

2. The high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock absorption assembly includes an airbag (15), four round rods (20), four first springs (21), four limiting blocks (19), and a groove block (17); the four round rods (20) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the support block (10), the four round rods (20) are respectively slidably connected to the groove block (17), and the four limiting blocks (19) are fixedly connected to the four round rods (20).

3. A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The airbag (15) is fixedly installed on the groove block (17). The airbag (15) is attached to one end of the support block (10). The groove block (17) is slidably connected in the groove tube (7). One end of the first spring (21) is fixedly connected to the support block (10), and the other end is fixedly connected to the groove block (17). The round rod (20) is located in the first spring (21).

4. A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a torsion handle (24), an inner groove (18), a lead screw (11), two triangular blocks (16), two racks (13), and several second springs (22); the lead screw (11) is slidably connected to the groove block (17), the torsion handle (24) is fixedly connected to the lead screw (11), and the triangular blocks (16) are rotatably connected to the lead screw (11).

5. A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The triangular block (16) is slidably connected to the inner groove (18), the two racks (13) are slidably connected to the groove tube (7), and several second springs (22) are fixed at one end to the groove tube (7) and at the other end to the rack (13). The rack (13) has a straight surface on one side and an inclined surface on the other side.

6. A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter assembly includes a conical mesh (8), an annular groove (25), several filter holes (28), several support rods (29), a mounting ring (26), and several brush wheels (27). The annular groove (25) is fixedly connected to the piston rod extension and retraction part of the cylinder (3), the conical mesh (8) is fixedly connected to the annular groove (25), and several filter holes (28) are respectively provided on the conical mesh (8).

7. A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper edge of the conical mesh (8) is attached to the piston rod of the cylinder body (3). One end of each of the support rods (29) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring groove (25), and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting ring (26). Several brush wheels (27) are rotatably connected to the mounting ring (26), and the arc surface of the brush wheel (27) is in contact with the piston rod of the cylinder body (3).

8. A high-performance multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylinder body (3) is provided with two oil ports (4), the groove tube (7) is provided with two first sliding grooves (9), the two racks (13) are respectively provided at the first sliding grooves (9), the groove tube (7) is provided with a second sliding groove (14), and the lead screw (11) is provided at the second sliding groove (14).

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