Sensing method, electronic device, vehicle, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The application discloses a sensing method, an electronic device, a vehicle, a storage medium and a program product, wherein the sensing method comprises: sensing a vibration event and generating an original signal; processing the original signal to generate a processed signal; and generating a control instruction based on the processed signal.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411728975.6, filed on November 27, 2024, entitled "Sensing Method, System, Electronic Device, Vehicle, Storage Medium and Program Product", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of surface sensing technology, and more particularly to a sensing method, electronic device, vehicle, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0004] Surface sensing technology is a cutting-edge field that allows for the timely acquisition of information from the external environment. For example, piezoelectric ceramic oscillators can be used as sensors to achieve surface sensing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which corresponding control commands can be generated based on the processing and analysis of the original signals generated by the sensed vibration event, thereby realizing the sensing and processing of the vibration event.

[0006] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which waveform transformation and / or amplitude identification are performed on the original signal generated by the sensing vibration event, eliminating the need for processing steps such as sampling analysis, thereby reducing the complexity of the processing algorithm, improving processing efficiency and reducing power consumption, and thus improving the response speed.

[0007] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which the sensitivity to vibration events is improved by amplifying and / or dividing the original signal.

[0008] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which an input signal is amplified by an amplification circuit based on a pre-set first ratio. Since the first ratio is flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of different vibration event types, it can respond to different types of vibration events, improve the flexibility and accuracy of signal processing, and enhance the adaptability to different types of vibration events.

[0009] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which an input signal is divided by a voltage divider circuit based on a preset second ratio. Since the second ratio is flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of different vibration event types, it can respond to different types of vibration events, improve the flexibility and accuracy of signal processing, and enhance the adaptability to different types of vibration events.

[0010] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which a first ratio can be determined based on the amplitude of the accidental touch signal and the critical amplitude value of the signal conversion, thereby helping to filter out unintentional touch behavior and reduce the situation of responding to accidental touch signals; and this filtering process utilizes the hardware capabilities of the amplifier circuit without the need for algorithm intervention, thus improving the anti-interference capability.

[0011] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which the maximum false touch force can be determined according to different types of vibration events, thereby flexibly adapting to different vibration scenarios in complex and diverse operating environments, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy and stability of filtering false touch events.

[0012] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which corresponding control commands can be generated based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal, thereby enabling the identification and rapid response to different vibration events, which is beneficial to improving the convenience of human-computer interaction.

[0013] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which control commands can be generated based on the width and / or interval of the pulse signal, which simplifies the analysis of the signal characteristics of the processed signal, helps to improve processing efficiency and response speed, and helps to reduce power consumption.

[0014] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which the event type of a vibration event is determined first based on signal characteristics, and then a control command corresponding to the event type is generated based on the event type. This enables accurate identification of vibration events and rapid response to the vibration events, thereby improving the user experience.

[0015] Another embodiment of this application provides a sensing method in which the accuracy and efficiency of event recognition can be improved by matching the signal features of the processed signal with a preset feature model. At the same time, the preset feature model constructed using statistical methods can fully reflect the characteristics of various vibration events, making the matching process more reliable. In addition, by comprehensively determining the event type by combining the matching results of multiple signal features, the accuracy of recognition can be further improved and the possibility of misjudgment can be reduced.

[0016] Another embodiment of this application provides a perception method in which, when the matching results show that the signal features match multiple preset feature models, the judgment of the event type is further refined by combining other supplementary information, thereby improving the accuracy of recognition.

[0017] Another embodiment of this application provides an electronic device comprising at least one piezoelectric component, a sensing circuit, and a processing unit. The sensing circuit processes the raw signal generated by the at least one piezoelectric component sensing a vibration event, causing the processing unit to generate a responsive control command, thereby realizing the sensing and processing of the vibration event. Because the raw signal is processed directly through the sensing circuit, the anti-interference capability of the electronic device is improved.

[0018] Another embodiment of this application provides an electronic device in which the sensing circuit includes a switching circuit. The switching circuit outputs the original signal as a processing signal of a first state or a processing signal of a second state, eliminating the need for processing steps such as sampling and analysis, thereby reducing the complexity of the processing algorithm, improving processing efficiency and reducing power consumption.

[0019] Another embodiment of this application provides an electronic device in which the sensing circuit includes a voltage divider circuit and / or an amplifier circuit, thereby improving the sensing sensitivity of the electronic device to vibration events.

[0020] Another embodiment of this application provides an electronic device in which the voltage division ratio of the voltage divider circuit and / or the amplification ratio of the amplifier circuit in the sensing circuit can be flexibly adjusted. In this way, it can respond to different types of vibration events, which is beneficial to improving the sensing accuracy of the electronic device and expanding the application range of the electronic device.

[0021] To achieve at least one of the above objectives, the technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0022] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sensing method, wherein the method includes: sensing a vibration event and generating a raw signal; processing the raw signal to generate a processed signal; and generating a control command based on the processed signal.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes at least one piezoelectric component, a sensing circuit, and a processing unit, wherein the at least one piezoelectric component is electrically connected to the processing unit through the sensing circuit; wherein: the at least one piezoelectric component is configured to sense vibration events and generate a raw signal; the sensing circuit is configured to process the raw signal to generate a processed signal; and the processing unit is configured to generate control commands based on the processed signal.

[0024] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, comprising: a body, the body including a plurality of body panels, a plurality of interior trim pieces, and a vehicle component connected to the body panels and / or interior trim pieces; and the electronic device described in the above embodiments, wherein at least one of the body panels, the interior trim pieces, and the vehicle component is provided with the electronic device.

[0025] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method.

[0026] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, wherein when the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps in the above-described method.

[0027] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, rapid sensing and processing of vibration events can be achieved, improving the system's response speed and accuracy, providing more reliable control strategies for applications such as electronic devices and vehicles, and thereby enhancing the overall system's performance and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an amplifier circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an amplifier circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a voltage divider circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sensing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 12 A side view of a vehicle equipped with a sensing system, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 13A A circuit diagram of a sensing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 13B A circuit diagram of another sensing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of signal processing in a sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 15A A waveform diagram of a pulse signal generated by tapping, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 15B A waveform diagram of a pulse signal generated by heavy rain, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 15C A waveform diagram of a pulse signal generated by light and heavy tapping, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application; Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] In the following description, references to "some embodiments" refer to a subset of all possible embodiments. It is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict. The terms "first / second / third" are used merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first / second / third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0051] In related technologies, although piezoelectric ceramic oscillators can be used as sensors to achieve surface sensing, it is often necessary to sample and analyze the electrical signals converted by the piezoelectric ceramic oscillators.

[0052] However, the above-mentioned related technologies have several key problems: (1) The algorithm for sampling and analyzing electrical signals is relatively complex and has weak anti-interference ability; (2) Since it is difficult to ensure the peak value of the electrical signal during sampling, the sampling frequency is required to be high, resulting in a low recognition rate of this scheme and high power consumption required by the algorithm; (3) It can only identify the intensity of vibration at most, and cannot distinguish different types of vibration, such as raindrops, slight knocks and malicious kicks, resulting in the vehicle lacking sufficient flexibility and intelligence when facing complex environments; (4) The scope of application is relatively limited and it is difficult to cope with the diverse application scenarios.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example, the sensing method can be implemented by, for example... Figure 4 The electronic devices shown can be used to perform this. It can also be performed by, for example, electronic devices such as... Figure 11 The sensing system shown can be used to perform this. It can also be performed by, for example... Figure 12 The vehicle shown will be used to perform the operation. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S101 to S103:

[0054] Step S101: Sensing vibration events and generating raw signals.

[0055] In some embodiments, vibration events can be sensed and raw signals can be generated by at least one piezoelectric component. This raw signal can be an unmodulated electrical signal generated by the piezoelectric component.

[0056] Step S102: Process the original signal to generate a processed signal.

[0057] In some embodiments, the original signal can be processed by a sensing circuit to generate a processed signal.

[0058] In some embodiments, the above-described processing includes, but is not limited to, matching / dividing, amplifying, and modulating the electrical signal received via the piezoelectric component to output a processed signal that can be further analyzed and processed by subsequent processes. For example, the processed signal may be a pulse signal.

[0059] In some embodiments, the processing of the original signal includes at least one of the following: waveform transformation and amplitude identification.

[0060] In some embodiments, the processing of the original signal described above may include waveform transformation, which is a process of converting the waveform of the input signal into another form. The waveforms of the original signal and the processed signal after waveform transformation differ.

[0061] The waveform of the processed signal is a waveform that facilitates the extraction of signal features. For example, the waveform of the processed signal can be a rectangular wave (square wave), a triangular wave, a pulse wave, etc.

[0062] In some embodiments, the amplitude determination described above is based on the amplitude of the input signal, and involves different types of adjustment processes on the input signal. The amplitude of the input signal can be the numerical value of the signal at a single moment or the numerical value of the signal over a period of time, used to characterize the signal's intensity / energy level.

[0063] For example, when the amplitude of the input signal is within a first amplitude range, a first type of adjustment process is performed; when the amplitude of the input signal is within a second amplitude range, a second type of adjustment process is performed; the first amplitude range and the second amplitude range do not overlap.

[0064] In order to facilitate the subsequent generation of control commands based on the generated processed signals, the waveform transformation and amplitude identification described above are used to convert the waveform of the original signal into a waveform that is easy to identify the signal characteristics.

[0065] In some embodiments, the processing of the original signal may simultaneously include waveform transformation and amplitude identification; wherein, waveform transformation may be performed first and then amplitude identification may be performed; or, amplitude identification may be performed first and then waveform transformation may be performed; or, waveform transformation and amplitude identification may be performed simultaneously, that is, a circuit can simultaneously implement both waveform transformation and amplitude identification processes.

[0066] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the waveform transformation and amplitude identification described above are both implemented through sensing circuits.

[0067] In some embodiments, the signal state of the processed signal includes a first state and a second state, wherein the processed signal in the first state is different from the processed signal in the second state; the waveform transformation is used to transform a non-rectangular waveform into a rectangular waveform; and the amplitude determination is used to output the processed signal in the first state or the processed signal in the second state based on the amplitude of the original signal.

[0068] The aforementioned processing signal may include a processing signal in a first state and a processing signal in a second state. From a time domain perspective, processing signals at different times may be in the same state or different states; at any given moment, a processing signal can only be in either the first state or the second state.

[0069] The processing signal in the first state differs from that in the second state. For example, the processing signal in the first state and the processing signal in the second state differ significantly in characteristics such as voltage or current levels. Based on this, in the subsequent process of generating control commands based on the processing signals, the information carried in the original signal can be accurately interpreted by distinguishing between these two signal states, thereby determining the control commands to be generated.

[0070] In some embodiments, the waveform transformation described above is used to convert the original non-rectangular waveform (which can be regular or irregular) into a standard rectangular waveform (square wave). Rectangular waveforms offer higher anti-interference capabilities and clearer level states in digital communication, which is beneficial for subsequent identification. In some implementation scenarios, the rectangular waveform includes a first-level processing signal and a second-level processing signal. Accordingly, the first-level processing signal is a first-state processing signal, and the second-level processing signal is a second-state processing signal. The first level can be greater than the second level, or vice versa.

[0071] In some embodiments, the amplitude determination described above is used to determine whether a first-state processing signal or a second-state processing signal should be output based on the amplitude of the original signal.

[0072] In some embodiments, the unit for amplitude identification is preset with an amplitude threshold. When the amplitude of the original signal exceeds the amplitude threshold, a first-state processing signal is output; when the amplitude of the original signal is lower than the amplitude threshold, a second-state processing signal is output. In some implementation scenarios, the first-state processing signal can be a first-level processing signal, and the second-state processing signal can be a second-level processing signal. The first level can be greater than the second level, or the second level can be greater than the first level.

[0073] In some embodiments, the processing of the original signal further includes at least one of the following: amplification based on a first ratio and voltage division based on a second ratio.

[0074] In some embodiments, when the processing of the original signal includes amplification based on a first ratio and voltage division based on a second ratio, the amplification based on the first ratio can be performed first, followed by voltage division based on the second ratio, and then the waveform transformation and / or amplitude identification described above can be performed; alternatively, the voltage division based on the second ratio can be performed first, followed by amplification based on the first ratio, and then the waveform transformation and / or amplitude identification described above can be performed.

[0075] In some embodiments, the amplification process based on the first ratio amplifies the amplitude of the input signal according to a predetermined first ratio. The design of the amplification circuit can select appropriate components and parameters based on the required amplification factor and signal characteristics. The amplification process can be implemented using an amplification circuit; in some embodiments, the amplification circuit can be an operational amplifier, exemplarily an inverting amplifier, a non-inverting amplifier, or a differential amplifier.

[0076] In some embodiments, the voltage divider processing based on the second ratio described above reduces the amplitude of the input signal by a predetermined second ratio (voltage division). The voltage divider circuit is typically composed of components such as resistors, and the desired voltage division ratio is achieved by adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistors. The voltage divider processing described above can be implemented using a voltage divider circuit. In some embodiments, the voltage divider circuit can be a circuit composed of multiple resistors connected in series or parallel, and the desired voltage division ratio is achieved by adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistors.

[0077] In some embodiments, the amplification process is implemented by an amplification circuit; the amplification circuit includes a proportional operational amplifier; the proportional operational amplifier is configured to amplify the input signal based on a first ratio; the first ratio is associated with the event type of the vibration event.

[0078] The aforementioned proportional operational amplifier is a circuit built upon an operational amplifier (Op-Amp) to achieve a linear proportional relationship between the input and output signals. Specifically, this proportional operational amplifier can amplify the input signal based on a first ratio.

[0079] In some embodiments, the event type of the above-mentioned vibration event may include at least one of the following: tapping event (such as a slight vibration caused by a finger tapping the surface of an object), tapping event (such as a strong vibration caused by a fist hitting the surface of an object), raining event (such as a vibration caused by raindrops falling on the surface of an object), small object collision event (such as a vibration caused by a small stone hitting the surface of an object), and vehicle collision event (such as a strong vibration caused by a vehicle hitting the surface of an object).

[0080] Understandably, in order to generate corresponding control commands based on different event types, it is necessary to sense vibration events and generate raw signals, and then process these raw signals to generate processed signals. The amplitude of the raw signal is directly related to the event type of the aforementioned impact event. Therefore, a first amplification ratio can be pre-set based on the event type of the vibration event to be detected. For example, a larger first ratio is set for signals with smaller amplitudes (i.e., vibration events corresponding to slight vibrations), and a smaller first ratio is set for signals with larger amplitudes (i.e., vibration events corresponding to strong vibrations). In other words, the first ratio is negatively correlated with the vibration intensity of the vibration event. In this way, regardless of how the amplitude of the input signal changes, the output signal can remain within a suitable range, facilitating subsequent signal processing and analysis.

[0081] In the embodiments provided in this application, the input signal is amplified by an amplifier circuit based on a preset first ratio. Since the first ratio is flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of different vibration event types, it can respond to different types of vibration events, improve the flexibility and accuracy of signal processing, and enhance the adaptability to different types of vibration events.

[0082] In some embodiments, the voltage division process is implemented by a voltage divider circuit; the voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the input signal based on the second ratio; the second ratio is associated with the event type of the vibration event.

[0083] In some embodiments, the voltage divider circuit described above can perform voltage division processing on the input signal, that is, reduce the signal amplitude (voltage amplitude) of the input signal.

[0084] Among them, the types of vibration events mentioned above include, but are not limited to, light tapping events, heavy tapping events, rain events, small object collision events, and vehicle collision events. Different event types can correspond to different vibration characteristics and signal amplitudes.

[0085] It is understandable that the amplitude of the original signal here is directly related to the event type of the aforementioned impact event. Therefore, a second ratio of the voltage divider can be pre-set based on the event type of the vibration event to be detected. For example, a smaller second ratio is set for signals with smaller amplitudes (i.e., vibration events corresponding to slight vibrations), and a larger second ratio is set for signals with larger amplitudes (i.e., vibration events corresponding to strong vibrations). In other words, the second ratio is positively correlated with the vibration intensity of the vibration event. In this way, regardless of how the amplitude of the input signal changes, the output signal can remain within a suitable range, facilitating subsequent signal processing and analysis.

[0086] It should be noted that since the subsequent step of "generating control commands based on the processed signals" is based on the analysis of the characteristics of the "processed signals of the first state" and the "processed signals of the second state" in the processed signals, in most cases, it is not necessary to pay attention to the signal amplitude of the original signal. Therefore, in the above-mentioned processing of the input signal (including voltage division processing and amplification processing), the difference in signal amplitude between the processed signals corresponding to slight vibrations and those corresponding to strong vibrations can be reduced (or even eliminated), thereby simplifying the processing algorithm and improving processing efficiency.

[0087] In the embodiments provided in this application, since the input signal is divided by a voltage divider circuit based on a preset second ratio, and since the second ratio is flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of different vibration event types, it can respond to different types of vibration events, improve the flexibility and accuracy of signal processing, and enhance the adaptability to different types of vibration events.

[0088] Step S103: Generate control commands based on the processed signals.

[0089] In this embodiment of the application, the processing unit can further analyze and process the processed signal to generate control commands.

[0090] For example, taking the sensing method applied to a vehicle, the control commands may include wake-up commands to activate the vehicle's human-machine interaction functions. The control commands may also include unlocking commands for vehicle doors, control commands for vehicle components, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment. In other embodiments, the processing unit is configured to analyze the signal output by the sensing circuit to identify the type or source of vibration sensed by the piezoelectric component.

[0091] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, rapid sensing and processing of vibration events can be achieved, improving the system's response speed and accuracy, providing more reliable control strategies for applications such as electronic devices and vehicles, and thereby enhancing the overall system's performance and safety.

[0092] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a method for obtaining a first ratio according to an embodiment of this application. The signal state of the processed signal includes a first state and a second state. The first state is the state of the processed signal when there is a mis-touch or no vibration event, and the second state is the state of the processed signal when there is no mis-touch. This will be combined with... Figure 2 The steps shown are explained.

[0093] Step S201: Respond to a false touch event acting on the target panel and generate a false touch signal, and determine the amplitude of the false touch signal; the false touch event is generated in response to the maximum false touch force.

[0094] In some embodiments, the aforementioned accidental touch event refers to a situation where a user or an external object touches the target panel unintentionally, causing the sensor (such as a piezoelectric vibrator) on the panel to receive an unexpected input signal. It is understood that this accidental touch event is not a vibration event that needs to be detected, but rather an unexpected trigger that may interfere with the normal operation of the device, such as accidentally touching (stroking) the target panel or a leaf falling onto the target panel.

[0095] The false touch event is related to the maximum false touch force. In some embodiments, the maximum false touch force is a value preset based on the characteristics of the target panel. Generally, it can be determined based on factors such as the location of the piezoelectric components in the target panel, the position of the target panel within the main body of the device, the material type of the target panel, and the usage scenario. When the external force applied to the target panel by the external environment or the user reaches or exceeds the preset maximum false touch force, a false touch event is determined to have occurred, and the electrical signal collected at this time is the false touch signal.

[0096] In some embodiments, after the target panel senses the erroneous touch event corresponding to the maximum erroneous touch force, the amplitude of the generated erroneous touch signal can be detected to determine the amplitude of the erroneous touch signal. Here, the maximum erroneous touch force is the peak amplitude of the erroneous touch signal.

[0097] Step S202: Based on the amplitude of the accidental touch signal and the critical amplitude value, determine the first ratio, wherein the critical amplitude value is the critical value when the processing signal of the first state is switched to the processing signal of the second state.

[0098] In some embodiments, the process of generating a processing signal by processing the false touch signal through the sensing circuit may include: amplifying the false touch signal by a first ratio to obtain an amplified false touch signal, and then performing waveform transformation and / or amplitude identification on the amplified false touch signal to generate a processing signal of a first state or a processing signal of a second state.

[0099] The aforementioned critical amplitude value is the critical value at which the processed signal of the first state is switched to the processed signal of the second state. Specifically, it is the critical value at which the processed signal of the first state is switched to the processed signal of the second state after waveform transformation and / or amplitude identification of the amplified false touch signal; this switching state can be called the critical state, and correspondingly, the amplitude of the amplified false touch signal in the critical state is the critical amplitude value.

[0100] In some embodiments, the ratio of the critical amplitude value to the amplitude value of the false touch signal can be used as the first ratio.

[0101] In some implementation scenarios, the process of determining the first ratio may include: obtaining a first preset ratio; processing the accidental touch signal corresponding to the maximum accidental touch force based on the first preset ratio to generate a processing signal of a first state; adjusting from the first preset ratio, continuously increasing the first preset ratio, and correspondingly, with the maximum accidental touch force remaining unchanged, the amplified accidental touch signal will also increase with the increase of the first preset ratio, until the output of the processing signal of the first state is switched to the output of the processing signal of the second state, at which point the previous first preset ratio is determined as the first ratio. For example, at the first preset ratio S1, the processing signal of the first state is output; after increasing the first preset ratio S1 to S2, the processing signal of the second state is output, and the first preset ratio S1 is taken as the first ratio.

[0102] It should be noted that different initial scales can be set for the target panel in different scenarios, which in turn requires different (multiple) calibration processes.

[0103] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, a first ratio can be determined based on the amplitude of the accidental touch signal and the critical amplitude value of the signal conversion, which is beneficial for filtering out unintentional touch behaviors and reducing the situation of responding to accidental touch signals; and this filtering process utilizes the hardware capabilities of the amplifier circuit without the need for algorithm intervention, thereby improving the anti-interference capability.

[0104] In some embodiments, the maximum accidental contact force is determined based on the event type of the vibration event.

[0105] Among them, the types of vibration events include, but are not limited to, light tapping events, heavy tapping events, rain events, small object collision events, and vehicle collision events. Since the vibration characteristics corresponding to different event types are different, the value of the maximum accidental touch force is also different.

[0106] For example, when dealing with a tapping event, because the touch force is slight and the vibration amplitude is small, the maximum false touch force is set relatively low to avoid misinterpreting normal tapping operations and ensure convenient user interaction. Conversely, the maximum false touch force is set relatively high for a hard tap event.

[0107] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, the maximum false touch force can be determined according to different types of vibration events, thereby flexibly adapting to different vibration scenarios in complex and diverse operating environments, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy and stability of filtering false touch events.

[0108] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on Figure 1 , Figure 1 Step S103 can be updated to steps S301 to S302, combining Figure 3 The steps shown are explained.

[0109] Step S301: Extract the signal features of the processed signal.

[0110] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned extraction of signal features of the processed signal includes extracting the signal features of the processed signal in the time domain; the signal features may be the waveform, duration, period, phase, etc. of the signal.

[0111] In some embodiments, the processing signal may include a processing signal of a first state and a processing signal of a second state. Accordingly, the signal characteristics may include at least one of the following: the duration of the processing signal of the first state, the duration of the processing signal of the second state, the number of occurrences of the processing signal of the first state, the number of occurrences of the processing signal of the second state, the time interval between the processing signal of the first state and the processing signal of the second state, and the number of switchings between the processing signal of the first state and the processing signal of the second state.

[0112] Step S302: Based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal, generate control commands corresponding to the signal characteristics.

[0113] In some embodiments, control commands corresponding to the signal features extracted from the processed signal can be generated. These control commands can actually be control commands generated in response to the vibration event. Therefore, a mapping relationship between the corresponding signal features and control commands can be pre-defined based on the vibration event. After the signal features are extracted, the corresponding control commands can be retrieved based on the signal features and the aforementioned mapping relationship.

[0114] The following example uses a vehicle scenario for illustration:

[0115] To address rain events, extensive real-world testing can be conducted beforehand under varying rainfall amounts, raindrop sizes, and wind speeds. Data collection and analysis reveal that the vibration signal generated by raindrops hitting the vehicle body has two distinct states: a first state lasting 3 milliseconds, occurring sporadically, approximately twice every 5 seconds; and a second state occurring at 5-millisecond intervals, switching less frequently, about 5-6 times per minute. Based on these signal characteristics, the corresponding control command is to automatically activate the windshield wipers and intelligently adjust the wiper frequency according to rain sensor data. Thus, if the vehicle detects a signal characteristic matching these preset features while driving, it can quickly retrieve and execute this series of control commands based on the pre-defined mapping relationship, ensuring good visibility and driving safety.

[0116] For vehicle collision events, data can be obtained from pre-simulated collision tests at various vehicle speeds, collision angles, and types of collision objects. In a severe collision, due to the large impact force and long decay time, the vibration signal characteristics are characterized by a first state lasting 30 milliseconds (the decay time after a strong impact), manifesting as a single pulse signal or multiple pulse signals (pulse combination signals) with a very wide pulse width. Based on these signal characteristics, the associated control commands can be to immediately activate the airbag pretensioning program, issue a sharp alarm, and simultaneously send the vehicle's location and collision information to the emergency rescue center via the vehicle communication module, enabling a rapid response from rescue personnel. Thus, if the vehicle detects a signal characteristic identical to the aforementioned preset features during its journey, commands can be synchronously issued to the airbag control, audio system, and communication module according to the mapping relationship, minimizing the damage caused by the collision.

[0117] In the embodiments provided in this application, corresponding control commands can be generated based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal, thereby enabling the identification and rapid response to different vibration events, which is beneficial to improving the convenience of human-computer interaction.

[0118] In some embodiments, the processing signal is a pulse signal; the signal characteristics of the processing signal include at least one of the following: the width of a single pulse signal and the interval of a single pulse signal; wherein, the width of a single pulse signal is the duration of a single pulse signal; and the interval of a single pulse signal is the time interval between two adjacent pulse signals.

[0119] The pulse signal can be a single pulse signal or a composite signal (i.e., a pulse combination signal) that includes multiple pulse signals.

[0120] In some embodiments, the signal characteristics of the processed signal may further include the signal width of the pulse combination signal; wherein, the signal width of the pulse combination signal can be understood as the sum of the widths of each individual pulse signal in the pulse combination signal; the signal width of the pulse combination signal can also be understood as the sum of the intervals of each individual pulse signal in the pulse combination signal; the signal width of the pulse combination signal can also be understood as the sum of the widths of each individual pulse signal and the intervals of each individual pulse signal in the pulse combination signal. In this case, the feature can be the overall length of the processed signal, i.e., the duration of the tapping event.

[0121] Each individual pulse signal has a definite start and end time. When the pulse signal is a pulse combination signal that includes multiple pulse signals, the pulse combination signal contains the arrangement order, relative position, and time relationship between these pulse signals.

[0122] In some embodiments, pulse combination signals can be distinguished based on a first time interval, and individual pulse signals in the pulse combination signals can be distinguished by a second time interval; the first time interval is greater than the second time interval.

[0123] In some embodiments, a single pulse signal in the pulse combination signal may be the processing signal of the first state described above; correspondingly, the width of a single pulse signal may be the duration of the processing signal of the single first state described above; the interval between single pulse signals may be the time interval between two adjacent processing signals of the first state, or the duration of the processing signal of a single second state.

[0124] In other embodiments, a single pulse signal in the pulse combination signal may be the processing signal of the second state described above; correspondingly, the width of a single pulse signal may be the duration of the processing signal of the single second state described above; the interval between single pulse signals may be the time interval between two adjacent processing signals of the second state, or the duration of the processing signal of a single first state.

[0125] The width of a single pulse signal is the duration of the single pulse signal, that is, the time length from the start time to the end time of the pulse signal; the interval of a single pulse signal is the time interval between two adjacent pulse signals, that is, the time length from the end time of the previous pulse signal to the start time of the next pulse signal in two adjacent pulse signals.

[0126] In the embodiments provided in this application, control commands can be generated based on the width of a single pulse signal and / or the interval of a single pulse signal, which simplifies the analysis of the signal characteristics of the processed signal, helps to improve processing efficiency and response speed, and helps to reduce power consumption.

[0127] In some embodiments, steps S3021 and S3022 can be used to generate control commands corresponding to the signal characteristics based on the processed signal.

[0128] Step S3021: Determine the event type of the vibration event based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal.

[0129] In some embodiments, the extracted signal features can be matched with a predefined vibration event feature library to find the vibration event type corresponding to the most matching signal features. The vibration event feature library can be established as follows: collecting vibration signal samples of various vibration events; extracting key features (signal width of pulse combination signals, width of individual pulse signals, and interval of individual pulse signals) from these vibration signal samples using the signal processing and feature extraction process described above; and associating the extracted features with the corresponding event types to form the vibration event feature library.

[0130] Step S3022: Based on the event type of the vibration event, generate control instructions corresponding to the event type.

[0131] In some embodiments, a mapping table between event types and control commands can be established. Once the event type of a vibration event is determined, the corresponding control command can be obtained by looking up the mapping table.

[0132] In the embodiments provided in this application, by first determining the event type of the vibration event based on signal characteristics, and then generating control commands corresponding to the event type, accurate identification of the vibration event can be achieved, as well as rapid response to the vibration event, thereby improving the user experience.

[0133] In some embodiments, determining the event type of the vibration event based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal includes: matching the signal characteristics with a preset feature model to obtain a matching result; and determining the event type of the vibration event based on the matching result.

[0134] The preset feature model can include preset feature models for each event type. The matching process described above can be to match the extracted signal features with the preset feature model corresponding to each event type to obtain a matching result. The matching result can be used to determine whether the signal feature matches a target preset feature model, and then the event type corresponding to the target preset feature model can be used as the event type of the vibration event.

[0135] In some embodiments, a preset feature model for an event type can be constructed by collecting a large number of vibration signal samples of the event type, using the signal processing and feature extraction schemes in the above embodiments to extract signal features such as pulse width and pulse interval, and analyzing the distribution and / or range of variation of signal features under the event type based on statistical methods (such as calculating the mean, variance, covariance, and other statistical quantities of the features), thereby constructing a preset feature model for the event type.

[0136] In some embodiments, after the signal features are extracted, the signal features to be matched can be compared one by one with each feature in the preset feature model; for each feature (pulse width, pulse interval), the similarity or difference between it and the corresponding feature in the preset feature model is calculated; based on the similarity or difference of each feature, the comprehensive matching degree between the signal to be matched and the preset feature model is calculated (e.g., by weighted summation); the comprehensive matching degree is compared with a set matching threshold, and if the comprehensive matching degree exceeds the matching threshold, the signal features to be matched are considered to be successfully matched with the preset feature model.

[0137] In the embodiments provided in this application, by matching the signal features of the processed signal with a preset feature model, the accuracy and efficiency of event identification can be improved. At the same time, the preset feature model constructed using statistical methods can fully reflect the characteristics of various vibration events, making the matching process more reliable. In addition, by comprehensively considering the matching results of multiple signal features to determine the event type, the accuracy of identification can be further improved and the possibility of misjudgment can be reduced.

[0138] In some embodiments, the preset feature model includes at least one of the following: a knocking model, a rain model, a small object collision model, and a large object collision model.

[0139] The process of constructing the preset feature model for the tapping model involves collecting vibration data generated by tapping the target panel with different forces, including everything from gentle finger taps to powerful strikes. Then, using the signal processing and feature extraction schemes described in the previous embodiment, signal features such as pulse width and pulse interval are extracted. The distribution and / or range of variation of these pulse widths and intervals under different tapping forces are analyzed to construct the tapping model. This tapping model can be a mathematical model containing the range of pulse widths and intervals corresponding to different tapping forces. Understandably, a pulse combination signal can correspond to one tapping event. For example, for a single pulse signal in a pulse combination signal, a light tapping event can correspond to a pulse width in the range of 0.5-1.2 milliseconds and an interval of 6-9 milliseconds; a heavy tapping event can correspond to a wider pulse width of 1.2-1.5 milliseconds and a shorter pulse interval of 3-6 milliseconds, etc.

[0140] The construction process of the preset feature models for the rainwater model, small object collision model and large object collision model can adopt a similar construction process to that of the aforementioned knocking model, and will not be repeated here.

[0141] In some embodiments, since rain characteristics are often a series of dispersed pulse signals without forming a distinct pulse, with narrow individual pulse widths and long overall durations, the rain model can be a mathematical model that includes the range of pulse widths, frequencies, and durations corresponding to different rainfall intensities. For example, for a single pulse signal in a pulse combination signal, a light rain event may correspond to a pulse width within a narrow range (e.g., 0.2-0.5 ms), a higher frequency, and a duration (the sum of the widths of each individual pulse signal in the pulse combination signal) close to the period length of the acquisition cycle; a heavy rain event may correspond to a slightly increased pulse width (e.g., 0.4-0.8 ms), a higher frequency, and a duration close to the period length of the acquisition cycle. Since small object collision characteristics are often a single pulse with a medium to wide pulse width, the small object collision model can be a mathematical model that includes pulse width and the number of taps. For example, for a single pulse signal in a pulse combination signal, the pulse width is 0.8-1.5 ms, and the number of taps is 1. Since the collision characteristics of large objects are often a single pulse, the pulse width is very wide and the duration is long. The collision model of large objects can be a mathematical model that includes the pulse width and the number of knocks. For example, for a single pulse signal in a pulse combination signal, the pulse width is 1.6-3 milliseconds and the number of knocks is 1.

[0142] In some embodiments, determining the event type of the vibration event based on the matching result includes at least one of the following:

[0143] In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the tapping model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a light tapping event or a heavy tapping event;

[0144] In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the rain model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a rain event;

[0145] In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the small object collision model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a small object collision event;

[0146] In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the large object collision model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to include a vehicle collision event.

[0147] In the embodiments provided in this application, by matching the signal features of the processed signal with preset feature models (including impact models, rain models, small object collision models, and large object collision models, etc.), the model matching result that best matches the signal features can be obtained. Based on this matching result, the event type of vibration event can be accurately distinguished, such as light tapping events, heavy tapping events, rain events, small object collision events, and vehicle collision events. In this way, accurate identification and classification of vibration events can be achieved, and corresponding control measures can be taken according to the specific event type, thereby significantly improving the response speed and intelligence level.

[0148] In some embodiments, determining the event type of the vibration event based on the matching result includes: when the matching result indicates that the signal features match both the knocking model and the small object collision model, determining the event type of the vibration event based on the vehicle's driving state.

[0149] Here, driving status refers to various state information of the vehicle during driving, including but not limited to speed, acceleration, steering angle, and braking status. In some embodiments, when the matching result characterizes signal features that match both the knocking model and the small object collision model, the vehicle's driving status information can be introduced to further distinguish between vibrations caused by knocking actions (such as someone knocking on the vehicle) and vibrations caused by small object collisions (such as a stone hitting the vehicle). Understandably, there may be overlap between the ranges of some signal features of different models in the above-mentioned preset feature models.

[0150] In some embodiments, when the vehicle's driving state indicates that the vehicle is moving at high speed, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a small object collision event.

[0151] Here, when the vehicle's driving status indicates that it is moving at high speed (such as normal driving speed on a highway), the probability of small objects (such as stones, branches, etc.) colliding with the vehicle in its surrounding environment increases significantly due to the high speed. In this case, if the detected signal characteristics match the preset small object collision model, it is more likely to be judged as a small object collision event, because it is difficult for someone to knock on the vehicle when it is moving at high speed.

[0152] In some embodiments, when the vehicle's driving status indicates that the vehicle is not moving at high speed, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a knocking event.

[0153] Here, when the vehicle's driving status indicates that it is not moving at high speed (such as when the vehicle is parked on the side of the road, moving at low speed, or stationary), the probability of the vehicle being struck is relatively high. In this case, the detected signal characteristics match the preset striking model, and considering the low speed or stationary state of the vehicle, it is more likely to be judged as a striking event. This is because when the vehicle is at low speed or stationary, the act of striking is more likely to produce obvious vibration signals, and the probability of small objects (such as stones, branches, etc.) hitting the vehicle at high speed is low.

[0154] In some embodiments, determining the event type of the vibration event based on the matching result includes: determining the event type of the vibration event based on the maximum sample value of the original signal when the matching result indicates that the signal features match both the rainwater model and the large object collision model; and / or determining the event type of the vibration event based on the input / output interface of the controller receiving the processed signal.

[0155] Here, since the aforementioned signal characteristics are obtained based on processed signals, and these processed signals are obtained by processing the original signals using waveform transformation and / or amplitude identification as described in the above embodiments, they lose some amplitude characteristics (e.g., all signals exceeding an amplitude threshold are converted into signals with the same amplitude). Therefore, in some embodiments, to distinguish whether a vibration event is a rain event or a vehicle collision event, the original signal can be acquired, and the maximum sample value of the original signal can be extracted to determine the event type of the vibration event.

[0156] In some embodiments, if the maximum sample value does not exceed a preset rain vibration intensity threshold, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a rain event, because the vibration generated by raindrops is usually of low intensity. Conversely, if the maximum sample value exceeds the preset rain vibration intensity threshold, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a vehicle collision event, because the vibration generated by a collision with a large object (vehicle collision) is usually of high intensity.

[0157] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, when the matching results show that the signal features match multiple preset feature models, the judgment of the event type can be further refined by combining other supplementary information, thereby improving the accuracy of recognition. For example, when the matching results show that the signal features match both the rainwater model and the large object collision model, the maximum sample value of the original signal can be used as the judgment criterion to further refine the judgment of the event type and improve the accuracy of recognition.

[0158] In other embodiments, sensors (piezoelectric vibrators) that sense vibration events can be distributed at different locations on the vehicle, and sensors at different locations can communicate with the controller through different input / output interfaces to transmit generated processing signals; therefore, the location of the sensor that generates the processing signal on the vehicle can be determined based on the input / output interface of the controller that receives the processing signal; and the event type of the vibration event can be determined based on the location of the sensor on the vehicle.

[0159] Typically, vehicle collisions produce strong vibrations in specific areas of the vehicle (such as the front and rear bumpers, sides, etc.); therefore, if the processed signals come from sensors located in these areas, or if the pulse width of the processed signals from these areas is the widest, it is more likely to be a vehicle collision event. When raindrops fall on a vehicle's surface, the resulting vibrations are usually more evenly distributed across the roof or window area; therefore, if the processed signals come from sensors on the roof, hood, or trunk lid, it is more likely to be a rain event.

[0160] In some embodiments, while determining the event type of the vibration event based on the input / output interface of the controller receiving the processed signal, further judgment can be made by combining the vehicle's driving status and weather information. For example, if the vehicle is switching from a driving state to a stationary state, or from a stationary state to a moving state, it can be identified as a vehicle collision event; if the weather information shows that it is raining in the area, it can be identified as a rain event.

[0161] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, when the matching results show that the signal features match both the rainwater model and the large object collision model, the event type of the vibration event is determined by combining the input / output interface information of the controller that receives and processes the signal. Since different input / output interfaces correspond to different positions on the vehicle, the vibration source can be quickly located through the interface information, providing a strong positional reference for the determination of the event type and enhancing the accuracy of identification.

[0162] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes at least one piezoelectric component 10, a sensing circuit 20, and a processing unit 30. The at least one piezoelectric component 10 is electrically connected to the processing unit 30 through the sensing circuit 20; wherein:

[0163] The at least one piezoelectric component 10 is configured to sense vibration events and generate raw signals;

[0164] The sensing circuit 20 is configured to process the original signal to generate a processed signal;

[0165] The processing unit 30 is configured to generate control commands based on the processing signal.

[0166] It should be noted that the piezoelectric component 10 can generate current through deformation using the piezoelectric effect, that is, the piezoelectric component 10 generates a raw signal in response to a vibration event. For example, the raw signal can be an electrical signal that has not been modulated or processed.

[0167] In some embodiments, the number of piezoelectric components in at least one piezoelectric component 10 can be one or more. The type, structure, size, distribution position, and connection interface with the processing unit 30 of the multiple piezoelectric components 10 can be the same or different, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0168] It is understood that the specific implementation method of the above-mentioned electronic device sensing vibration events and finally generating control commands corresponds to the sensing method in the foregoing embodiments, and can be referred to the specific implementation method in the foregoing embodiments during implementation.

[0169] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, the raw signal generated by at least one piezoelectric component sensing a vibration event is processed by a sensing circuit, so that the processing unit generates a responsive control command, thereby realizing the sensing and processing of the vibration event. Since the raw signal is processed directly through the sensing circuit, the anti-interference capability of the electronic device is improved.

[0170] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the signal states of the processed signal include a first state and a second state, and the sensing circuit 20 includes a switching circuit 21; the switching circuit 21 is used to control the output of the processed signal of the first state or the processed signal of the second state; the processed signal of the first state is different from the processed signal of the second state.

[0171] In some embodiments, the sensing circuit 20 may include only the switching circuit 21.

[0172] In other embodiments, the sensing circuit 20 may include the switching circuit 21 and the rest of the sensing circuit 20. The rest of the sensing circuit 20 may be other circuits excluding the switching circuit 21, such as a voltage divider circuit, an amplifier circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, etc.

[0173] In some embodiments, the switching circuit 21 includes a switching transistor and a pull-up resistor or a pull-down resistor. The switching transistor has a threshold voltage. The first terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the rest of the sensing circuit 20 as the control terminal of the switching circuit 21. The second terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the processing unit 30 and the first terminal of the pull-up resistor or the pull-down resistor as the first terminal of the switching circuit 21. The third terminal of the switching transistor is grounded as the second terminal of the switching circuit 21. The second terminal of the pull-up resistor or the pull-down resistor is connected to a first voltage source. The switching circuit 21 is used to control the switching on and off of the second terminal and the third terminal of the switching transistor based on the input signal and the threshold voltage.

[0174] For example, the threshold voltage of the aforementioned switching transistor includes a threshold voltage and / or a saturation voltage. The threshold voltage is the minimum voltage required to be applied to the base before the transistor turns on; that is, the minimum voltage required for the transistor to transition from the cutoff state (i.e., non-conducting) to the amplification state (i.e., starting to conduct). When the voltage between the base and emitter is lower than the threshold voltage, the transistor is in the cutoff state. When the voltage between the base and emitter is greater than the threshold voltage, the transistor enters the amplification state, and current begins to flow between the collector and emitter. The saturation voltage is the voltage between the collector and emitter when the transistor is operating in the saturation region (i.e., the transistor is fully turned on). In the saturation state, the collector current no longer changes significantly with the increase of the base current. At this point, the transistor has reached its maximum current amplification limit and cannot provide a larger collector current.

[0175] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, the sensing circuit includes a switching circuit, which outputs the original signal as a first-state processing signal or a second-state processing signal, eliminating the need for processing steps such as sampling and analysis, thereby reducing the complexity of the processing algorithm, improving processing efficiency and reducing power consumption.

[0176] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6AAs shown, the switching circuit 21 includes a switching transistor T and a pull-up resistor R6. The switching transistor T has a threshold voltage. The first terminal T1 of the switching transistor T serves as the control terminal 210 of the switching circuit and is connected to the rest of the sensing circuit. The second terminal T2 of the switching transistor T serves as the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 and is connected to the processing unit 30 and the first terminal k6 of the pull-up resistor R6. The third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T serves as the second terminal 212 of the switching circuit 21 and is grounded. The second terminal k6 of the pull-up resistor R6 is connected to a first voltage source. The switching circuit 21 is used to control the switching on and off of the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T based on the input signal and the threshold voltage.

[0177] In this embodiment, since the second terminal T2 of the switching transistor T is connected to the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 and the processing unit 30 and the first terminal k6 of the pull-up resistor R6, when the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 receives a signal greater than or equal to the threshold voltage, the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T are turned on, and the switching circuit 211 can output a low-level signal (such as 0); when the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 receives a signal less than the threshold voltage, the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T are turned off, and the switching circuit 211 can output a high-level signal (such as Vcc).

[0178] In some embodiments, considering that the switching transistor T receives a signal between the threshold voltage and the saturation voltage, that is, when the switching transistor T is in the amplification state, the switching circuit 211 can output a signal with a voltage between 0 and Vcc, which can be determined as a low-level signal.

[0179] Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6B As shown, the switching circuit 21 includes a switching transistor T and a pull-down resistor R7. The switching transistor T has a threshold voltage. The first terminal T1 of the switching transistor T serves as the control terminal 210 of the switching circuit and is connected to the rest of the sensing circuit. The second terminal T2 of the switching transistor T serves as the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 and is connected to the processing unit 30 and the first terminal k7 of the pull-down resistor R7. The third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T serves as the second terminal 212 of the switching circuit 21 and is connected to the first voltage source. The second terminal n7 of the pull-down resistor R7 is grounded. The switching circuit 21 is used to control the switching on and off of the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T based on the input signal and the threshold voltage.

[0180] In this embodiment, since the second terminal T2 of the switching transistor T is connected to the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 and the processing unit 30 and the first terminal k7 of the pull-down resistor R7, when the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 receives a signal greater than or equal to the threshold voltage, the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T are turned on, and the switching circuit 211 can output a high-level signal (such as Vcc); when the first terminal 211 of the switching circuit 21 receives a signal less than the threshold voltage, the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of the switching transistor T are turned off, and the switching circuit 211 can output a low-level signal (such as 0).

[0181] In some embodiments, considering that the switching transistor T receives a signal between the threshold voltage and the saturation voltage, that is, when the switching transistor T is in the amplification state, the switching circuit 211 can output a signal with a voltage between Vcc and 0, which can be determined as a high-level signal.

[0182] In some embodiments, the sensing circuit 20 includes at least one of the following: a voltage divider circuit and an amplifier circuit; the voltage divider circuit is used to perform a second ratio voltage division processing on the input signal, and the amplifier circuit is used to perform a first ratio amplification processing on the input signal.

[0183] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, the sensing circuit includes a voltage divider circuit and / or an amplifier circuit, which improves the sensing sensitivity of electronic devices to vibration events.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first ratio of the amplifier circuit is adapted to the second ratio of the voltage divider circuit to jointly adjust the sensing sensitivity of the sensing circuit to suit the detection of specific types of vibration events.

[0185] In some embodiments, the event types of the aforementioned vibration events include, but are not limited to, tapping events, heavy tapping events, rain events, small object collision events, and vehicle collision events. Different event types can correspond to different vibration characteristics and signal amplitudes. It is understood that the signal amplitude of the original signal is directly related to the event type of the aforementioned tapping event. Therefore, based on the event type of the vibration event to be detected, a second ratio of the voltage divider can be pre-set. This second ratio is positively correlated with the vibration intensity of the vibration event. In this way, regardless of how the amplitude of the input signal changes, the output signal can remain within a suitable range, facilitating subsequent signal processing and analysis.

[0186] After determining the second ratio, the first ratio can be further calibrated based on the threshold voltage of the switching circuit (switching transistor). It is understood that the calibration process for the first ratio can refer to the above... Figure 2 Specific implementation details of the embodiments.

[0187] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, the voltage division ratio of the voltage divider circuit and / or the amplification ratio of the amplifier circuit in the sensing circuit can be flexibly adjusted. In this way, it can respond to different types of vibration events, which is beneficial to improving the sensing accuracy of electronic devices and expanding the application range of electronic devices.

[0188] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the input terminal of the voltage divider circuit 22 is connected to the at least one piezoelectric component 10, the output terminal of the voltage divider circuit 22 is connected to the input terminal of the amplifier circuit 23, and the output terminal of the amplifier circuit 23 is connected to the switching circuit 21 or the processing unit 30.

[0189] The output of the amplifier circuit 23 is connected to the switch circuit 21 or the processing unit 30. Here, the voltage divider circuit 22 can input the signal after voltage division to the amplifier circuit 23, and the amplifier circuit 23 can further input the signal after amplification to the switch circuit 21. The switch circuit 21 is configured to convert the input signal of the amplifier circuit 23 into a first-state processing signal and a second-state processing signal.

[0190] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an amplifier circuit 23 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the amplifier circuit 23 includes a proportional operational amplifier U, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The proportional operational amplifier U is configured to amplify the input signal based on the first ratio. The first terminal k1 of the first resistor R1 serves as the first input terminal 231 of the amplifier circuit 23, the first terminal k2 of the second resistor R2 serves as the second input terminal 232 of the amplifier circuit 23, and the output terminal p of the proportional operational amplifier U serves as the output terminal 233 of the amplifier circuit 23. The second terminal n1 of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first input terminal o of the proportional operational amplifier U, the second terminal n2 of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second input terminal q of the proportional operational amplifier U and the first terminal k3 of the third resistor R3, and the second terminal n3 of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal p of the proportional operational amplifier U. The first ratio is determined by the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3.

[0191] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an amplifier circuit 23 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the amplifier circuit 23 further includes a first capacitor C1; the first terminal x of the proportional operational amplifier U is grounded, the second terminal y of the proportional operational amplifier U is connected to a second voltage source, the second voltage source is connected to the first terminal t1 of the first capacitor C1, and the second terminal u1 of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0192] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a voltage divider circuit 22 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, the voltage divider circuit 22 includes a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5; the voltage divider circuit 22 is configured to divide the input signal based on the second ratio;

[0193] The first terminal k4 of the fourth resistor R4 serves as the first terminal 221 of the voltage divider circuit to receive the input signal. The second terminal n4 of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5. The first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5 serves as the second terminal 222 of the voltage divider circuit 22 and is connected to the input terminal of the subsequent circuit in the sensing circuit 20. The second terminal n5 of the fifth resistor R5 serves as the third terminal 223 of the voltage divider circuit 22 and is grounded. The second ratio is determined by the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5.

[0194] In some embodiments, one of the processing signal of the first state and the processing signal of the second state is a high-level signal and the other is a low-level signal.

[0195] In the above embodiments, the processing signal of the first state can be a processing signal at a first level, and the processing signal of the second state can be a processing signal at a second level; or, the processing signal of the first state can be a processing signal at a second level, and the processing signal of the second state can be a processing signal at a first level.

[0196] In this case, the processing signal for the first state can be a high-level signal, and correspondingly, the processing signal for the second state can be a low-level signal. Alternatively, the processing signal for the first state can be a low-level signal, and correspondingly, the processing signal for the second state can be a high-level signal.

[0197] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary sensing system 1100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 12 A side view of a vehicle equipped with the sensing system 1100 is shown.

[0198] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the sensing system 1100 includes one or more piezoelectric components 1110 ( Figure 12Two piezoelectric components 1110 are schematically shown in the diagram, each of which can be mounted on the body of the vehicle 200.

[0199] In some embodiments, the vehicle body typically includes multiple body panels 210, multiple interior trim pieces, and multiple vehicle components. The multiple body panels 210 can be assembled to form an overall vehicle body structure, such as forming a cabin or cargo compartment. For example, body panels 210 include doors, windows, hood, trunk lid, roof, front bumper, rear bumper, and fenders. Interior trim pieces are installed in the cabin and cargo compartment to enhance vehicle comfort and provide interfaces and equipment, such as headliners, floors, dashboards, door panels, center console panels, pillar guards, and window sills. Vehicle components are located in the cabin and cargo compartment and include seats, steering wheels, instrument panels, center console screens, armrests, and license plates.

[0200] like Figure 12 As shown, the piezoelectric component 1110 can be installed at any one or more locations on the front side, front door, rear door, and rear side of the vehicle body panel 210.

[0201] The sensing system 1100 also includes a sensing circuit 1120 and a processing unit 1130. The sensing circuit 1120 is configured to perform matching / division, amplification, modulation, and other processing on the electrical signal received via the piezoelectric component to output a signal (e.g., a pulse signal) that can be further analyzed and processed by the processing unit. Exemplarily, the sensing circuit 1120 can be a pulse modulation circuit. It is understood that the sensing circuit can be composed of multiple circuits.

[0202] In some embodiments, in a vehicle scenario, the sensing circuit 1120 and the processing unit 1130 may be integrated into the vehicle's electronic control unit (ECU).

[0203] Processing unit 1130 is configured to receive and process signals output by the sensing circuit. Exemplarily, the processing unit may be an MCU. In some embodiments, processing unit 1130 is configured to generate corresponding control commands in response to receiving signals output by the sensing circuit. Exemplarily, control commands may include wake-up commands, unlock commands, vehicle control commands, remote request commands, and prompt commands. Wake-up commands, for example, are used to wake up the vehicle's human-machine interface functions. Unlock commands are used to release the locked state of a specific object, such as unlocking a car door or unlocking the trunk. Vehicle control commands are used to control the operating state of vehicle components, such as opening a car door, starting windshield wipers, or enabling autonomous driving. Remote request operations are used to send remote requests to associated electronic devices of the vehicle, such as initiating a communication request or synchronizing vehicle status information. Prompt operations are used to provide prompts to the user through sound, images, text, vibration, etc., such as reminding the user of driving safety. This application embodiment does not limit this. In other embodiments, the processing unit is configured to analyze the signals output by the sensing circuit to identify the type or source of vibration events sensed by the piezoelectric component.

[0204] In this application embodiment, the electronic device 1140 can be various devices that can carry computer programs, including vehicles, smart home devices, etc.

[0205] For example, the vehicle may include SUVs, buses, trucks, passenger vehicles including various commercial vehicles; water vehicles including various boats and ships and aircraft; and hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g., fuels derived from resources other than petroleum).

[0206] For example, smart home devices may include access control devices, camera devices, smart appliances, smart terminals, etc.

[0207] For example, smart home appliances may include smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart washing machines, smart speakers, smart rice cookers, cleaning equipment, smart body fat scales, lighting equipment, curtains, etc., without limitation.

[0208] For example, a smart terminal may include a personal computer (PC), a laptop computer, a mobile phone, an all-in-one computer, a handheld computer, a tablet computer, a portable device or a wearable device, etc., without limitation.

[0209] For ease of explanation, the electronic devices in the following embodiments will be exemplified by vehicles.

[0210] Please see Figure 13A and Figure 13B The circuit diagrams of the two sensing systems are shown respectively, such as Figure 13A As shown, the sensing system 1100 includes a piezoelectric component 310, an amplifier circuit 320, a switching circuit 330, and a processing unit 340 (hereinafter, an MCU is used as an example for explanation). The piezoelectric component 310 is connected to one end of the amplifier circuit 320, the other end of the amplifier circuit 320 is connected to the first end of the switching circuit 330, and the second end of the switching circuit 330 is connected to the processing unit 340.

[0211] In some embodiments, the third terminal of the switching circuit 330 is grounded.

[0212] In some embodiments, the sensing system 1100 further includes a voltage divider circuit 350. Figure 13A (Not shown in the image), one end of the voltage divider circuit 350 is connected to the piezoelectric component 310 and one end of the amplifier circuit 320. In some embodiments, the other end of the voltage divider circuit 350 is grounded.

[0213] In some embodiments, the sensitivity of the sensing circuit can be adjusted by different settings of the voltage divider circuit 350. Sensitivity refers to the degree to which the output voltage responds to changes in the input voltage. When the resistance values ​​in the voltage divider circuit change, the resistance ratio changes, thus affecting the magnitude of the output voltage. For example, the voltage divider circuit includes two resistors: a larger pull-up resistor (R1) and a smaller pull-down resistor (R2). For instance, decreasing the value of R2 can increase the circuit's sensitivity because it makes it more sensitive to small changes in R1.

[0214] Among them, the piezoelectric component 310 is deployed in the vehicle to sense vibration events acting on the vehicle panel and convert the mechanical deformation corresponding to the vibration event into an electrical signal.

[0215] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned amplification circuit can be an operational amplifier (Op-Amp).

[0216] The operational amplifier is a high-gain linear circuit that can amplify or reduce the input signal.

[0217] In some embodiments, the operational amplifier's supply voltage limits its maximum achievable gain because excessive gain could cause the output voltage to exceed the supply voltage, resulting in saturation. Here, the saturation voltage is the input signal level at which the operational amplifier output reaches its maximum or minimum voltage limit. Beyond this level, the operational amplifier's output will no longer increase or decrease, but will remain in saturation, i.e., at these limits. Therefore, the scaling of the operational amplifier is effectively limited by upper and lower limits. This also means that the impact force detectable by this single circuit is limited in range; impact forces exceeding or falling below the operational amplifier's saturation voltage cannot be distinguished from the limits.

[0218] In the aforementioned sensing system 1100, the amplifier circuit 320 amplifies the electrical signal generated by the piezoelectric component 310 to obtain an amplified electrical signal. The amplification factor of the amplifier circuit 320 can be preset through the following process: after selecting the operational amplifier model, the amplification or attenuation factor for the input signal is set based on the peak value of the electrical signal corresponding to the accidental touch force on the selected substrate, ensuring that electrical signals below this force cannot conduct the transistor. Different substrates require different calibration processes.

[0219] Understandably, in some embodiments, the amplification factor of the amplifier circuit 320 may be set in conjunction with the setting of the voltage divider circuit 350.

[0220] In some embodiments, the combination of amplifier circuit 320 and voltage divider circuit 350 can be adapted to vibration events of different types and sources, thereby meeting the needs of diverse application scenarios.

[0221] In some embodiments, the switching circuit 330 described above may be a switching transistor.

[0222] In this context, a switching transistor typically refers to a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) used as a switch in a circuit. A transistor is a semiconductor device composed of two PN junctions, including an emitter, a base, and a collector. Transistors can be used as electronic switches to control the flow of current: when the base-emitter junction lacks sufficient forward bias voltage (for NPN transistors) or reverse bias voltage (for PNP transistors), the transistor is in the off state, and almost no current flows between the collector and emitter (CE); when the base-emitter junction has sufficient forward bias voltage, the transistor conducts, and current flows from the collector to the emitter.

[0223] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the aforementioned switching transistor is the base, the second terminal is the collector, and the third terminal is the emitter. When there is sufficient voltage at the base-emitter junction, i.e., when the voltage of the amplified electrical signal reaches a preset voltage threshold, the switching transistor conducts, and current flows from the collector to the emitter. At this time, since the emitter is grounded, the level of the MCU interface connected to the collector of the switching transistor is pulled low (low level, which can be 0). When there is insufficient voltage at the base-emitter junction, i.e., when the voltage of the amplified electrical signal does not reach the preset voltage threshold, the switching transistor does not conduct, and the MCU interface connected to the collector of the switching transistor is at a high level. That is, it remains high when not being struck, and becomes 0 when struck. In some embodiments, in cases of very weak taps, touches, or wind, due to insufficient voltage, the switching transistor does not conduct, and the MCU interface connected to the collector of the switching transistor is at a high level, which is considered as no strike.

[0224] In some embodiments, to avoid unnecessary wake-ups or responses due to accidental touches, this application embodiment can pre-set a force value (e.g., 50g) corresponding to an accidental touch during circuit calibration. After selecting the operational amplifier model, the amplification or attenuation factor for the input signal is set based on the peak value of the electrical signal corresponding to 50g on the selected substrate (the panel where the piezoelectric components are deployed), ensuring that electrical signals below this force cannot conduct the transistor. These accidental touches can also be considered noise.

[0225] It is important to note that the attenuation / propagation of elastic waves differs in different materials, which is related to the material's own frequency. Therefore, it is necessary to design and select circuit components based on the specific material.

[0226] It is understandable that the aforementioned sensing circuit directly outputs pulse signals through the inherent characteristics of the circuit hardware, without involving software algorithms or any judgment process, thus exhibiting stronger anti-interference capabilities. Furthermore, the aforementioned sensing circuit receives electrical signals (original analog signals) generated by external vibrations through piezoelectric components, and amplifies and modulates these electrical signals (original analog signals) into pulse signals. These pulse signals can be single pulse signals or pulse combination signals comprising multiple pulse signals (for ease of explanation, the following will use pulse combination signals to describe subsequent embodiments). By analyzing the pulse combination signals, the vibration characteristics of vibration events can be obtained more accurately, and the computational load of subsequent operations can be simplified, thereby improving computational efficiency.

[0227] In addition, the aforementioned sensing circuit can have a built-in low-power wake-up function. For example, after receiving the processing signal from the sensing circuit, the MCU generates a wake-up command, which can be used to sense or monitor external vibration events for a longer period of time, and requires less energy than the sensing sensors in related technologies.

[0228] It should be noted that since the pulse signal generated based on the vibration event often exists in the form of multiple pulses, the signal received by the MCU in the following embodiments will also be referred to as the pulse combination signal (corresponding to the pulse signal in the above embodiments).

[0229] Please see Figure 14 It shows a schematic diagram of signal processing in a sensing circuit.

[0230] The electrical signal 41 output by the piezoelectric component is an analog signal. After passing through the aforementioned operational amplifier and switching diode, it can be amplified and modulated into a pulse combination signal 42. The pulse combination signal is input to the I / O port of the processing unit (MCU) for subsequent information recognition. Based on the characteristics of the pulse combination signal, the judgment result of the vibration event is generated and output to the CAN transceiver, which is connected to the vehicle's CAN bus.

[0231] The following section will continue to describe the method for identifying vibration events based on the pulse combination signal received by the MCU. The pulse combination signal is input to the MCU's I / O port. The MCU analyzes the characteristics of the pulse combination signal to determine the attributes of the vibration event. These attributes may include at least one of the following: the source of the vibration event, the type of the vibration event, and the vibration frequency of the vibration event.

[0232] In some embodiments, the characteristics of the pulse combination signal may include at least one of the following: the signal width of the pulse combination signal, the width of a single pulse signal, and the interval between single pulse signals.

[0233] The pulse combination signal may include one or more pulse signals, which have certain characteristics in terms of time and amplitude. These characteristics can be used to analyze the attributes of vibration events, such as their source, type, and vibration frequency. In this embodiment, to reduce the computational load on the MCU, only the time-dimensional features of the pulse signals can be extracted. In some embodiments, these time-dimensional features include the width of a single pulse signal and the interval between single pulse signals.

[0234] In some embodiments, the width of a single pulse signal refers to the duration of the single pulse signal in time. It is understood that the width of a single pulse signal can reflect the intensity or energy of the vibration event.

[0235] In some embodiments, the interval between individual pulse signals refers to the time distance between two adjacent pulse signals. For example, if the interval between pulses is regular, it may indicate that the vibration event is periodic; if the interval between pulses is irregular, it may indicate that the vibration event is random or generated by multiple different vibration sources.

[0236] In some embodiments, the source of a vibration event refers to the object that generates the vibration event. Different objects generating the vibration event indicate different types of vibration events. For example, the event type may include, but is not limited to, a vibration event caused by rain, a vibration event caused by a user tapping, and a vibration event caused by a hard object impact; correspondingly, the object corresponding to a vibration event caused by rain is a raindrop, the object corresponding to a vibration event caused by a user tapping is a person, and the object corresponding to a vibration event caused by a hard object impact is a hard object, such as a small stone.

[0237] In some embodiments, the type of vibration event is used to distinguish different vibration events generated by the same object. For example, when the object is a raindrop, the type of vibration event caused by rain may include, but is not limited to, heavy rain, moderate rain, and light rain; when the object is a person, the vibration event caused by a person tapping may include, but is not limited to, light tapping and heavy tapping. In addition, vibration events may also include collisions, impacts, etc.

[0238] In the above embodiment, each tap or impact generates an elastic wave on the panel. The piezoelectric component collects these elastic waves and converts them into a pulse combination signal, which is then output to the MCU via the aforementioned sensing circuit. It is understood that the duration of the pulse signal is directly related to the duration of the elastic wave. The greater the impact force, the greater the impulse transmitted to the panel, resulting in a longer duration (decay time) of the elastic wave, and consequently, an increased width of the zero-level signal in the pulse wave.

[0239] In some embodiments, elastic waves, as a form of energy, are absorbed and attenuated differently in different materials. However, within the same material (such as metal materials like vehicle body panels), the impact force has a significant effect on the attenuation rate of elastic waves. Heavier impacts cause elastic waves to attenuate more slowly, resulting in a wider pulse width; while lighter impacts cause elastic waves to attenuate more quickly, resulting in a narrower pulse width.

[0240] In some embodiments, to quantify the impact force, the magnitude of the impulse, i.e., the force, can be determined by integrating the pulse signal (the level of the MCU interface) over time. The larger the integral value, the greater the impact force, i.e., the greater the energy.

[0241] Furthermore, the pulse signals generated by different types of taps or impacts vary in duration and interval. For example, the pulse duration of a single tap or impact is typically between 15ms and 100ms (test value), while the interval between two or more taps may be between 150ms and 1.5s (empirical value).

[0242] For different types of vibration events, the pulse signal characteristics of the vibration events can be statistically analyzed. For example, rain will produce a continuous pulse waveform output, the duration of which exceeds that of a traditional knock; the collision of small stones is characterized by a single small impulse and a short waveform duration; and heavy knocks and light knocks can be distinguished by setting different pulse signal width values ​​(note the limitations of the circuit capabilities).

[0243] Please see Figure 15A It shows a waveform diagram of a pulse combination signal generated by tapping. Figure 15B The diagram shows the waveform of the pulse combination signal generated by heavy rain. It can be seen that the pulse combination signal 51 generated by the impact is a single, non-continuous waveform, while the pulse combination signal 52 generated by the heavy rain is a continuous pulse waveform output, exceeding the duration of the impact waveform. Figure 15C A waveform diagram of the pulse combination signal generated by light tapping and heavy tapping is shown. It can be seen that the width of the pulse signal 53 of the heavy tapping waveform is greater than the width of the pulse signal 54 of the light tapping waveform.

[0244] In some embodiments, to achieve accurate identification of the source and type of vibration events, this application can construct corresponding statistical event models for different sources and / or types of vibration events. A statistical event model for a source and / or type is constructed based on real data of statistical events of that source and / or type, i.e., based on features such as the width and interval of individual pulse signals collected from statistical events of that source and / or type. When identifying a new vibration event, the signal width, width of individual pulse signals, and interval of individual pulse signals of the collected pulse combination signal of the new vibration event can be calculated, along with their similarity to various event models. The source and / or type corresponding to the event model with the highest similarity is selected as the identification result.

[0245] In some embodiments, a corresponding first event model can be constructed for each source of vibration event, so that when performing event identification, the source of a new vibration event can be determined based on the constructed multiple first event models.

[0246] In some embodiments, a corresponding second event model can be constructed for each type of vibration event, so that when performing event identification, the type of a new vibration event can be determined based on the constructed multiple second event models.

[0247] Understandably, the aforementioned first event model and second event model can be created simultaneously. The first event model identifies the source of the vibration event, while the second event model identifies the type of the vibration event. By building separate models for the source and type, their respective characteristics can be captured in greater detail. The source model may focus more on differences in environmental or physical characteristics, while the type model may focus more on subtle differences in vibration patterns or signal characteristics. This helps to improve the overall accuracy of identification.

[0248] In other embodiments, a corresponding third event model can be created for each source and type of vibration event. Unlike the first and second event models described above, the third event model is related to both the source and type of the vibration event. Thus, during event identification, the source and type of a new vibration event can be determined simultaneously based on multiple constructed third event models.

[0249] Because the third event model integrates the source and type, it eliminates the need for two separate identification processes. This simplifies the identification process, reduces computational load, and thus improves the overall efficiency of event identification. Furthermore, when constructing the third event model, features in the pulse combination signal that are relevant to both the source and type can be fully utilized. The fusion of these features helps capture more comprehensive information, improves the model's ability to identify complex vibration events, and reduces false alarms and missed alarms.

[0250] In some embodiments, to achieve accurate identification of the source and type of vibration events, this application can construct an identification model for identifying vibration events based on deep learning methods. When identifying a new vibration event, the signal width of the pulse combination signal, the width of a single pulse signal, and the interval of a single pulse signal of the new vibration event can be calculated. Then, the signal width of the pulse combination signal, the width of a single pulse signal, and the interval of a single pulse signal of the new vibration event are input into the identification model to obtain the source and type of the vibration event output by the identification model.

[0251] The training method for the vibration event recognition model may include: collecting a training sample set containing vibration event data. This training sample set includes vibration events from various sources and types to ensure the model's generalization ability. The vibration event data includes the width and interval of individual pulse signals of the vibration event, and the labels for this data are the source and type of the vibration event. It is understood that vibration events of the same source and type can correspond to multiple vibration event data sets. The initial recognition model is trained using the vibration event data in the training sample set. During training, optimization algorithms such as backpropagation and gradient descent are used to continuously adjust the model's weights and biases to minimize the difference between the predicted values ​​and the labels. Upon reaching the end-of-training condition, the trained recognition model is obtained.

[0252] To improve the accuracy of vibration event identification, this application also provides identification methods for some special scenarios.

[0253] In some embodiments, the MCU may also receive an electrical signal output by the piezoelectric component, and the vibration identification method may further include: sampling the electrical signal and obtaining the maximum value obtained from the sampling; determining the vibration intensity based on the maximum value obtained from the sampling; and determining the attribute of the vibration event based on the vibration intensity.

[0254] In some embodiments, a collision threshold can be preset. If the vibration force exceeds the collision threshold, the source of the vibration event is determined to be a hard object collision, and the type is a severe collision. It is understood that the severe collision can be a collision event that affects vehicle safety.

[0255] In some embodiments, the method further includes: if the identification result of the vibration event based on the pulse combination signal is abnormal, generating a target identification result of the vibration event based on the electrical signal and / or the vehicle state.

[0256] Wherein, the identification result being abnormal includes at least one of the following: the identified vibration event has more than one source; the identified vibration event has more than one category.

[0257] In some embodiments, when the identified source of the vibration event includes a hard object and a raindrop object, the electrical signal is sampled and the maximum value obtained from the sample is obtained; the vibration intensity is determined based on the maximum value obtained from the sample; if the vibration intensity is greater than a first preset threshold, the source of the vibration event is determined to be a hard object; if the vibration intensity is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the source of the vibration event is determined to be a raindrop object.

[0258] In some embodiments, when the identified source of the vibration event includes a hard object and a person, the vehicle state of the vehicle is obtained; when the vehicle state indicates that the vehicle is in motion and / or there are other vehicles moving relatively around the vehicle, the source of the vibration event is determined to be a hard object; when the vehicle state indicates that the vehicle is parked and / or there are no other vehicles moving relatively around the vehicle, the source of the vibration event is determined to be a person.

[0259] In some embodiments, when the identified vibration event category includes minor collision and severe collision, the electrical signal is sampled and the maximum value obtained from the sample is obtained; the vibration intensity is determined based on the maximum value obtained from the sample; if the vibration intensity is greater than a second preset threshold, the vibration event category is determined to be severe collision; if the vibration intensity is less than or equal to the second preset threshold, the vibration event category is determined to be minor collision.

[0260] The embodiments of this application can be applied to the following scenarios by way of example:

[0261] (1) Rain detection and automatic response: The vehicle needs to recognize the slight vibration of raindrops falling on the window or roof, trigger the wipers to turn on or issue a voice prompt (such as "slippery road in the rain, drive carefully") to improve the safety of driving in the rain.

[0262] (2) Environmental adaptability judgment: When the vehicle is parked outdoors, it needs to be able to distinguish between rain or natural dripping water and human knocking, so as to avoid unnecessary responses, such as false alarms or unnecessary system activation.

[0263] (3) Intelligent interactive wake-up: The vehicle needs to detect a slight knocking motion outside the door and wake up the voice interaction system accordingly to provide users with a convenient interactive experience.

[0264] (4) Warning and recording of malicious behavior: For malicious behaviors such as kicking, the vehicle needs to emit a warning sound through the piezoelectric vibrator and at the same time activate the 360-degree surround view system to collect audio and video evidence to provide a basis for subsequent processing.

[0265] (5) Small foreign object detection: The vehicle needs to detect the impact time of small foreign objects such as small stones on the vehicle body during driving. The HUD, central control and other displays can intuitively remind users of the vehicle body panels that may be damaged, helping users to check in time to find scratches.

[0266] Please see Figure 15AThe diagram illustrates a pulse signal in a pulse combination signal. This pulse signal can be used to determine the duration and magnitude of the elastic wave after a piezoelectric component is struck (this can be achieved through pulse energy integration). Furthermore, the attributes of the vibration event can be determined based on the pulse duration (which can also be understood as the width of a single pulse signal) and the interval between single pulse signals. In some embodiments, the above information is processed by an MCU, which outputs the final determination result. It should be noted that the pulse signal does not contain signal amplitude, as it only has low levels (e.g., 0V) or high levels (e.g., 3.3V), without intermediate amplitude signals.

[0267] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, rapid sensing and processing of vibration events can be achieved, improving the system's response speed and accuracy, providing more reliable control strategies for applications such as electronic devices and vehicles, and thereby enhancing the overall system's performance and safety.

[0268] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this application provides a sensing system, wherein the sensing system includes at least one piezoelectric component, a sensing circuit, and a processing unit; wherein: the at least one piezoelectric component is configured to sense vibration events and generate a raw signal; the sensing circuit is configured to process the raw signal to generate a processed signal; and the processing unit is configured to generate control commands based on the processed signal.

[0269] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this application provides an electronic device, which includes the included units and the modules included in each unit, which can be implemented by a processor in a computer device; of course, it can also be implemented by specific logic circuits; in the implementation process, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor unit (MPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0270] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the component structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 16 As shown, vehicle 1600 includes: body 1610 and electronic components 1620, wherein:

[0271] The body 1610 includes multiple body panels, multiple interior trim pieces, and vehicle components connected to the body panels and / or interior trim pieces.

[0272] Electronic device 1620, which is disposed on at least one of the vehicle body panel, the interior trim and the vehicle components.

[0273] Here, electronic device 1620 corresponds to the electronic device in the aforementioned embodiment, and vehicle body 1610 corresponds to the vehicle body in the aforementioned embodiment. In implementation, the specific implementation method of the aforementioned embodiment can be referred to.

[0274] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps in the above-described method. The computer-readable storage medium can be transient or non-transient.

[0275] This application provides a computer program including computer-readable code, wherein when the computer-readable code is executed in a computer device, a processor in the computer device performs some or all of the steps in the above-described method.

[0276] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is read and executed by a computer, it implements some or all of the steps in the above-described method. This computer program product can be implemented specifically through hardware, software, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the computer program product is specifically embodied as a computer storage medium; in other embodiments, the computer program product is specifically embodied as a software product, such as a software development kit (SDK), etc.

[0277] It should be noted that the descriptions of the various embodiments above tend to emphasize the differences between them, while their similarities or commonalities can be referred to interchangeably. The descriptions of the above embodiments of the device, storage medium, computer program, and computer program product are similar to the descriptions of the above method embodiments and have similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the device, storage medium, computer program, and computer program product of this application, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0278] It should be noted that the descriptions of the storage medium and device embodiments above are similar to those of the method embodiments above, and have similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the storage medium and device embodiments of this application, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0279] The aforementioned processor can be at least one of the following: Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Central Processing Unit (CPU), Controller, Microcontroller, and Microprocessor. It is understood that other electronic devices can also implement the functions of the aforementioned processor, and this application does not specifically limit the specific implementation.

[0280] The aforementioned computer storage media / memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic random access memory (FRAM), flash memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disc, or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc.; or it can be various terminals including one or any of the above-mentioned memories, such as mobile phones, computers, tablet devices, personal digital assistants, etc.

[0281] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence numbers of the above steps / processes do not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each step / process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application. The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of this application are merely descriptive and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0282] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0283] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0284] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. They may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0285] Furthermore, in the various embodiments of this application, all functional units can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in a combination of hardware and software functional units. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0286] Alternatively, if the integrated units described above are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence or the part that contributes to related technologies, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0287] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A sensing method, wherein, The method includes: Sensing vibration events and generating raw signals; The original signal is processed to generate a processed signal; Based on the processed signal, control commands are generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The processing of the original signal includes at least one of the following: waveform transformation and amplitude identification.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The signal states of the processed signal include a first state and a second state, wherein the processed signal in the first state is different from the processed signal in the second state; the waveform transformation is used to transform a non-rectangular waveform into a rectangular waveform; the amplitude determination is used to output the processed signal in the first state or the processed signal in the second state based on the amplitude of the original signal.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The processing of the original signal further includes at least one of the following: amplification based on a first ratio and voltage division based on a second ratio.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The amplification process is implemented by an amplification circuit; the amplification circuit includes a proportional operational amplifier; the proportional operational amplifier is configured to amplify the input signal based on a first ratio; the first ratio is associated with the event type of the vibration event.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The voltage division process is implemented by a voltage divider circuit; the voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the input signal based on the second ratio; the second ratio is associated with the event type of the vibration event.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The signal states of the processed signal include a first state and a second state. The first state is the state of the processed signal when there is a mis-touch or no vibration event, and the second state is the state of the processed signal when there is no mis-touch. The method for obtaining the first ratio includes: In response to a false touch event acting on a target panel, a false touch signal is generated, and the amplitude of the false touch signal is determined; the false touch event is generated in response to the maximum false touch force. Based on the amplitude of the accidental touch signal and the critical amplitude value, the first ratio is determined, wherein the critical amplitude value is the critical value at which the processing signal of the first state is switched to the processing signal of the second state.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The maximum accidental contact force is determined based on the event type of the vibration event.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The generation of control commands based on the processed signal includes: Extract the signal features of the processed signal; Based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal, control commands corresponding to the signal characteristics are generated.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The processed signal is a pulse signal; the signal characteristics of the processed signal include at least one of the following: the width of a single pulse signal and the interval between single pulse signals; The width of a single pulse signal is equal to the duration of the single pulse signal; the interval between a single pulse signal is the time interval between two adjacent pulse signals.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, The generation of control commands corresponding to the signal characteristics based on the processed signal includes: Based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal, the event type of the vibration event is determined; Based on the event type of the vibration event, a control command corresponding to the event type is generated.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, Determining the event type of the vibration event based on the signal characteristics of the processed signal includes: The signal features are matched with a preset feature model to obtain the matching result; The event type of the vibration event is determined based on the matching results.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The preset feature model includes at least one of the following: a knocking model, a rain model, a small object collision model, and a large object collision model.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The determination of the event type of the vibration event based on the matching result includes at least one of the following: In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the tapping model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a light tapping event or a heavy tapping event; In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the rain model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a rain event; In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the small object collision model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to be a small object collision event; In response to determining that the matching result indicates that the signal features match the large object collision model, the event type of the vibration event is determined to include a vehicle collision event.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The process of determining the event type of the vibration event based on the matching result includes: If the matching result indicates that the signal features match both the knocking model and the small object collision model, the event type of the vibration event is determined based on the vehicle's driving state. If the matching result indicates that the signal features match both the rainwater model and the large object collision model, the event type of the vibration event is determined based on the maximum sample value of the original signal, and / or, the event type of the vibration event is determined based on the input / output interface of the controller receiving the processed signal.

16. An electronic device, wherein, The electronic device includes at least one piezoelectric component, a sensing circuit, and a processing unit, wherein the at least one piezoelectric component is electrically connected to the processing unit through the sensing circuit; wherein: The at least one piezoelectric component is configured to sense vibration events and generate raw signals; The sensing circuit is configured to process the original signal to generate a processed signal; The processing unit is configured to generate control commands based on the processing signal.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein, The signal states of the processed signal include a first state and a second state, and the sensing circuit includes a switching circuit; the switching circuit is used to control the output of the processed signal of the first state or the processed signal of the second state; the processed signal of the first state is different from the processed signal of the second state.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein, The switching circuit includes a switching transistor and a pull-up resistor or a pull-down resistor. The switching transistor has a threshold voltage. The first terminal of the switching transistor serves as the control terminal of the switching circuit and is connected to the rest of the sensing circuit. The second terminal of the switching transistor serves as the first terminal of the switching circuit and is connected to the processing unit and the first terminal of the pull-up resistor or the pull-down resistor. The third terminal of the switching transistor serves as the second terminal of the switching circuit and is grounded or connected to a first voltage source. The second terminal of the pull-up resistor is connected to the first voltage source or the second terminal of the pull-down resistor is grounded. The switching circuit is used to control the switching on and off of the second terminal and the third terminal of the switching transistor based on the input signal and the threshold voltage.

19. The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein, The sensing circuit includes at least one of the following: a voltage divider circuit and an amplifier circuit; the voltage divider circuit is used to perform a second ratio voltage division processing on the input signal, and the amplifier circuit is used to perform a first ratio amplification processing on the input signal.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein, The input terminal of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the at least one piezoelectric component, the output terminal of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the input terminal of the amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the amplifier circuit is connected to the switching circuit or the processing unit.

21. The electronic device according to claim 19 or 20, wherein, The amplifier circuit includes a proportional operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor; the proportional operational amplifier is configured to amplify the input signal based on the first ratio; The first end of the first resistor serves as the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit, the first end of the second resistor serves as the second input terminal of the amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the proportional operational amplifier serves as the output terminal of the amplifier circuit; the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the proportional operational amplifier, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the proportional operational amplifier and the first end of the third resistor, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the proportional operational amplifier; the first ratio is determined by the second resistor and the third resistor.

22. The electronic device according to claim 21, wherein, The amplification circuit further includes a first capacitor; the first terminal of the proportional operational amplifier is grounded, the second terminal of the proportional operational amplifier is connected to a second voltage source, the second voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

23. The electronic device according to claim 19 or 20, wherein, The voltage divider circuit includes a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; the voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the input signal based on the second ratio. The first end of the fourth resistor serves as the first end of the voltage divider circuit to receive the input signal. The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor. The first end of the fifth resistor serves as the second end of the voltage divider circuit and is connected to the input end of the subsequent circuit in the sensing circuit. The second end of the fifth resistor serves as the third end of the voltage divider circuit and is grounded. The second ratio is determined by the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor.

24. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein, One of the processing signals in the first state and the processing signal in the second state is a high-level signal, and the other is a low-level signal.

25. A vehicle, wherein, include: The vehicle body includes multiple body panels, multiple interior trim pieces, and vehicle components connected to the body panels and / or interior trim pieces; The electronic device according to any one of claims 16 to 24, wherein the electronic device is disposed on at least one of the vehicle body panel, the interior trim, and the vehicle assembly.

26. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

27. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, wherein, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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