Online detection method for internal defects of circuit breaker based on vibration signal analysis

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of circuit breaker fault diagnosis, and discloses a circuit breaker internal defect online detection method based on vibration signal analysis. According to a standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration, opening and closing coil current and time data, and in combination with a vibration characteristic analysis platform, time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain characteristic data of a circuit breaker operating parameter are classified and accurately extracted, so that the mechanical operating state of a circuit breaker internal structure is deeply mined in multiple dimensions based on time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain of circuit breaker vibration signals. According to circuit breaker vibration time domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data, and in combination with an artificial intelligence algorithm and different structure fault standard vibration signal characteristic data of a circuit breaker established based on big data, comprehensive intelligent diagnosis of a circuit breaker internal structure fault is carried out, so that intelligent and accurate diagnosis of a circuit breaker internal structure fault based on circuit breaker vibration signal characteristics is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of circuit breaker fault diagnosis, specifically to an online detection method for internal defects in circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis. Background Technology

[0002] A circuit breaker is a switching device capable of closing, carrying, and interrupting current under normal circuit conditions and closing, carrying, and interrupting current under abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time. Circuit breakers are classified into high-voltage circuit breakers and low-voltage circuit breakers according to their application range. Circuit breakers can be used to distribute electrical energy, reduce the frequency of starting asynchronous motors, and protect power lines and motors. They can automatically disconnect the circuit when serious overloads, short circuits, or undervoltage faults occur, functioning similarly to a combination of a fuse switch and over / under-temperature relays. During use, circuit breakers require regular maintenance to ensure safe and reliable operation. Existing circuit breaker fault diagnosis methods cannot achieve intelligent, comprehensive, and visual diagnosis based on circuit breaker operating parameters, thus reducing the safety and reliability of circuit breaker operation.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN115616397A, published on January 17, 2023, discloses a method for detecting the electrical condition of a high-voltage circuit breaker. This method involves: detecting the mechanical vibration signal of the high-voltage circuit breaker; detecting and analyzing the current waveform of the opening and closing coils based on a detection circuit; detecting the travel of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on a photoelectric travel sensor; detecting the breaking current based on a detection circuit; detecting the level signal of the opening and closing circuits within a certain period; detecting the closing spring based on a pressure sensor; detecting the circuit resistance change curve of the high-voltage circuit breaker; and promptly reporting and repairing any faults. However, the above technical solutions cannot achieve comprehensive intelligent diagnosis of the internal components of the circuit breaker. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the issue that existing circuit breaker fault diagnosis methods cannot achieve intelligent, comprehensive, and visualized diagnosis based on circuit breaker operating parameters, thus reducing the safety and reliability of circuit breaker operation, this invention aims to: collect circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequences and circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequences; process the data to generate circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequences; perform data noise reduction processing to generate standard circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequences; accurately extract circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; scientifically extract circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data; precisely extract circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data; intelligently and comprehensively monitor internal structural faults in circuit breakers; provide visualized early warning of internal structural fault monitoring results; and ultimately improve the safety and reliability of circuit breaker operation.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis, the method comprising the following steps: The following steps are performed: First, collect the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening / closing coil current-time data sequence. Then, integrate the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data sequence. Next, perform noise reduction processing on the integrated operating parameters to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data. Finally, extract the time-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data. Extract the frequency-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data. Extract the time-frequency-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. Based on the circuit breaker's vibration characteristic parameters, diagnose internal structural faults in the circuit breaker to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information. If no fault is found, the internal structural fault diagnosis operation ends. If a fault exists, execute an early warning operation for the internal structural fault diagnosis results.

[0006] Preferably, the following steps are taken: First, the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening / closing coil current-time data sequence are collected separately. Then, the circuit breaker's operating parameters are integrated to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data sequence. Finally, the integrated operating parameters of the circuit breaker are subjected to noise reduction processing to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data. Vibration sensors are used to collect time-varying vibration acceleration parameters of the circuit breaker casing surface during normal operation, generating a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence. This sequence represents a set of discrete data on the relationship between vibration acceleration and time during circuit breaker operation. Similarly, current sensors are used to collect time-varying current parameters of the circuit breaker's internal closing coil during normal operation, generating a circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence. This sequence also represents a set of discrete data on the relationship between coil current and time during the operation of the internal closing coil. Based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the circuit breaker's operating parameter data is integrated and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the circuit breaker's integrated operating parameter data is denoised to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data standard sequence.

[0007] Preferably, the process of integrating and processing the circuit breaker's operating parameter data based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; and performing noise reduction processing on the integrated operating parameter data of the circuit breaker based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, includes the following steps: The data acquisition instrument integrates and samples the collected circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence at the same time point, taking the time point as the reference point. This process generates a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, which represents the discrete relationship data set of the circuit breaker equipment vibration acceleration, the circuit breaker equipment internal opening and closing coil current and time at the same time point during the normal operation of the circuit breaker equipment. A bandpass filter is used to perform targeted filtering and noise reduction on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence for the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters and circuit breaker opening and closing coil current parameters, and a standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data is generated. The standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data represents a discrete data set with time relationship formed after targeted filtering of the collected circuit breaker equipment vibration acceleration parameters and the circuit breaker equipment internal opening and closing coil current parameters. The bandpass filter can be any one of MATLAB or Python.

[0008] Preferably, the process of extracting and processing the time-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; and extracting and processing the frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data; the process of extracting and processing the time-frequency domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data includes the following steps: Based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, the time-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, the frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data. Based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, time-frequency domain feature data of circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data.

[0009] Preferably, the time-domain feature data extraction and processing of circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; the frequency-domain feature data extraction and processing of circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data includes the following steps: A vibration feature analysis platform is used to analyze and extract the time-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, resulting in circuit breaker vibration time-domain data. This time-domain data represents the statistical characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters obtained by performing numerical feature statistics on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters using mathematical statistical algorithms within the vibration feature analysis platform. The circuit breaker vibration time-domain data includes the peak value of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration, the root mean square value of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration, the pulse factor of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration, the waveform factor of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration, and the margin factor of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration. The vibration feature analysis platform includes any one of LMSTestLab, HEADacousticsArtemis, or NI LabVIEW+DIAdem. The vibration characteristic analysis platform is used to identify and extract the frequency domain characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data. The circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data represents the frequency statistical characteristic data of circuit breaker vibration acceleration obtained by statistical analysis of the frequency characteristics of circuit breaker vibration acceleration using the fast Fourier transform algorithm in the vibration characteristic analysis platform. The circuit breaker vibration time domain data includes the circuit breaker vibration centroid frequency, the circuit breaker vibration mean square frequency, the circuit breaker vibration frequency variance, and the circuit breaker vibration frequency band energy ratio.

[0010] Preferably, the time-frequency domain feature data extraction and processing of circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data includes the following steps: Obtain a standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration, opening and closing coil current, and time data; The vibration feature analysis platform is used to search and extract the time-frequency domain features of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data. The circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data represents the frequency-time relationship matrix of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration statistically obtained by using the wavelet transform algorithm in the vibration feature analysis platform.

[0011] Preferably, the internal structural fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker is performed based on the vibration characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information; when no fault is found, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation is terminated; when a fault exists, the internal structural fault diagnosis result early warning operation is executed, including the following steps: Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data and the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker, the internal structural fault diagnosis processing of the circuit breaker is performed to obtain the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; when there is no fault, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker ends; when there is a fault, the internal structural fault diagnosis result warning operation of the circuit breaker is executed.

[0012] Preferably, the internal structural fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker is performed based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data combined with the standard vibration signal characteristic data set for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; when no fault exists, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker ends; when a fault exists, the early warning operation for the internal structural fault diagnosis result of the circuit breaker is executed, including the following steps: Establish a set of standard vibration signal characteristic data for faults of different circuit breakers. ,in Indicates the first This document describes standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of circuit breakers, corresponding to various types of internal structural faults. These fault types include: fatigue of the opening and closing springs; insufficient preload of the opening and closing springs; fatigue of the energy storage springs; insufficient preload of the energy storage springs; loose mechanical connection of the connecting rod pins; loose mechanical connection of the fastening bolts; loose mechanical connection of the bearings; partial jamming of the transmission connecting rod; partial jamming of the slider; partial jamming of the bushing; wear of the main contacts; wear of the arc contacts; ablation of the main contacts; ablation of the arc contacts; failure of the oil buffer; and failure of the silicone buffer. The standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of circuit breakers represents the time-domain, frequency-domain, and time-frequency domain data of the standard circuit breaker vibration acceleration set for different types of internal structural faults. The circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are combined with the standard vibration signal feature data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. The standard vibration signal characteristic data of circuit breaker with different structural faults described in the article The circuit breaker vibration signal feature information is matched based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data, and the standard vibration signal feature data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. The following are the specific steps for matching the vibration signal feature information of the circuit breaker and constructing the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker: Step 3121: Initialization, set the maximum number of iterations T; Step 3122: After initialization, perform structural fault search, selecting the flame for the moth, based on the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. Initial generation in the solution space A structural fault search moth and A flame, and = The standard vibration signal characteristic data set of the circuit breaker for different structural faults Search the search space to find standard vibration signal feature data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker that match the time-domain vibration data, frequency-domain vibration data, and time-frequency-domain vibration data of the circuit breaker. The structural fault search moth will fly around the selected flame. A structural fault search moth and The flames are sorted by quality, and the sorted flames are then... The flame moves to a better position. At each of the several locations, the structural fault-finding moths selects a different flame. As the number of iterations increases, the number of flames decreases. The formula for calculating the number of flames is as follows: ,in Indicates the first The next iteration uses the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. The number of flames in the search space. This represents a random function that takes values ​​between 0 and 1. This represents the standard vibration signal characteristic data set for different structural faults of the circuit breaker. The total number of flames initially generated in the search space, where T represents the maximum number of iterations; Step 3123: After selecting a flame, the structural fault search moth flies around the flame. For the structural fault search moth, the vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker is used. Location in the search space Structural fault search: Moths circling a flame observed in the circuit breaker under different structural fault standard vibration signal characteristic data sets. Location in the search space And a set of standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker after a moth flies around a flame during a structural fault search. New location in the search space The formula for calculating the new position is as follows: ,in Indicates structural fault search moth With flames The set of standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of the circuit breaker The distance value in the search space, Represents an exponential function. Represents the base of the exponential function; Indicates the current iteration number, where This indicates that the coefficient takes the value 2. Represents angle value The corresponding cosine value, Represents pi; Step 3124: The structural fault search moth is in the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. Fly and move the flames to the appropriate location within the search space. Only structural fault search moths are found in the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. In the search space After a fireball flies, update to A new location, calculate this The circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data, and standard vibration signal characteristic data of the circuit breaker for different structural faults at a new location. The fitness value, will this A new location and A flame based on + The positions are sorted by priority, and the positions with the best priority are... The position is used as the position of the flame in the next round, based on the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. Search the search space to find the standard vibration signal feature data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker that best match the time-domain vibration data, frequency-domain vibration data, and time-frequency-domain vibration data of the circuit breaker. ; Step 3125: When the maximum number of iterations T is met, output all standard vibration signal feature data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker that match the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. ; Step 3126: Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data, and the characteristic data of the standard vibration signals of different structural faults of the circuit breaker described in step 3125. The circuit breaker vibration signal feature information is matched to generate fault diagnosis information of the internal structure of the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are compared with the standard vibration signal characteristic data of the circuit breaker for different structural faults... If the circuit breaker vibration signal feature information matching is successful, it indicates that there is a structural fault inside the target circuit breaker. Therefore, the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker is output as "fault exists," and all standard vibration signal feature data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker that match the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are output. The corresponding text information of the internal structural fault type of the circuit breaker is displayed, and the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker is fed back to the circuit breaker internal result fault through the display screen and voice playback module to perform the circuit breaker internal structural fault diagnosis result early warning operation. When the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are compared with the standard vibration signal characteristic data of the circuit breaker for different structural faults... If no matching of the vibration signal characteristic information of the circuit breaker is found, it indicates that there is no structural fault inside the target circuit breaker. In this case, the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker is output as "no fault exists", and the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker is terminated directly.

[0013] The circuit breaker internal defect online detection system based on vibration signal analysis is used to implement the circuit breaker internal defect online detection method based on vibration signal analysis. The system includes a circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition module, a circuit breaker vibration signal feature processing module, and a circuit breaker internal defect diagnosis and early warning module. The circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition module includes a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time acquisition unit, a circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time acquisition unit, a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data generation unit, and a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data noise reduction unit. The circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time acquisition unit acquires circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequences through vibration sensors; the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time acquisition unit acquires circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequences through current sensors; the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data generation unit integrates and processes the circuit breaker's operating parameter data based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequences and the data acquisition instrument to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data noise reduction unit performs noise reduction processing on the integrated operating parameter data of the circuit breaker based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence and in conjunction with a bandpass filter to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data. The circuit breaker vibration signal feature processing module includes a circuit breaker vibration time-domain feature acquisition unit, a circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain feature acquisition unit, and a circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain feature acquisition unit; The circuit breaker vibration time-domain feature acquisition unit extracts and processes the time-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data and in conjunction with the vibration feature analysis platform to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain feature acquisition unit extracts and processes the frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data and in conjunction with the vibration feature analysis platform to obtain circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data; the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain feature acquisition unit extracts and processes the time-frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data and in conjunction with the vibration feature analysis platform to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. The circuit breaker internal defect diagnosis and early warning module includes a standard vibration signal feature data storage unit for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, a circuit breaker structural fault diagnosis unit, and a circuit breaker structural fault early warning unit. The circuit breaker standard vibration signal feature data storage unit for different structural faults is used to store standard vibration signal feature data for different structural faults of the circuit breaker; the circuit breaker structural fault diagnosis unit performs internal structural fault diagnosis processing on the circuit breaker based on the circuit breaker vibration time domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time and frequency domain data and standard vibration signal feature data for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; the circuit breaker structural fault early warning unit performs early warning operation on the internal structural fault diagnosis results of the circuit breaker based on the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker and in conjunction with the display screen and voice playback module.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides an online detection method for internal defects in circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis. It has the following advantages: I. Efficient acquisition of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time parameters and circuit breaker opening / closing coil current-time parameters is achieved through vibration and current sensors, enabling accurate and efficient acquisition of circuit breaker vibration signals. Based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening / closing coil current-time data sequence, combined with a data acquisition instrument, precise integration and processing of circuit breaker operating parameter data is performed. This establishes a unified standard for circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time parameters based on the time dimension, improving the standardization of circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition. Furthermore, reliable noise reduction processing of the integrated circuit breaker operating parameter data is performed based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data sequence and a bandpass filter, achieving scientific filtering of circuit breaker vibration noise signals, improving the accuracy of circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition, and enhancing the accuracy of internal defect detection in circuit breakers.

[0015] Second, based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-closing coil current-time data and combined with the vibration characteristic analysis platform, the time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain characteristic data of circuit breaker operating parameters are accurately extracted. This enables multi-dimensional in-depth mining of the mechanical operating state of the internal structure of the circuit breaker based on the time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain of the circuit breaker vibration signal, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and scientific nature of the detection of internal defects in the circuit breaker.

[0016] Third, based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data, combined with artificial intelligence algorithms and standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults of circuit breakers established based on big data, a comprehensive intelligent diagnosis of internal structural faults of circuit breakers is performed. This achieves intelligent and accurate diagnosis of internal structural faults of circuit breakers based on the characteristics of circuit breaker vibration signals, improving the intelligence and efficiency of internal defect detection. Based on the internal structural fault diagnosis information of circuit breakers, combined with the display screen and voice playback module, the system accurately and visually executes the early warning operation of the internal structural fault diagnosis results of circuit breakers, realizing intuitive and efficient response feedback of internal faults of circuit breakers, and improving the applicability of internal defect detection of circuit breakers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the system modules for the online detection method of internal defects in circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The flowchart shows the online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] An example of the online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis is as follows: Example 1: Please see Figures 1-2 An online detection method for internal defects in circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis, comprising the following steps: The following steps are performed: First, collect the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening / closing coil current-time data sequence. Then, integrate the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data sequence. Next, perform noise reduction processing on the integrated operating parameters to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data. Finally, extract the time-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data. Extract the frequency-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data. Extract the time-frequency-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. Based on the circuit breaker's vibration characteristic parameters, diagnose internal structural faults in the circuit breaker to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information. If no fault is found, the internal structural fault diagnosis operation ends. If a fault exists, execute an early warning operation for the internal structural fault diagnosis results.

[0020] For further details, please refer to Figures 1-2 The following steps were taken: First, vibration acceleration-time data sequences and circuit breaker opening / closing coil current-time data sequences were collected. Then, the circuit breaker's operating parameters were integrated to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data sequences. Finally, the integrated operating parameters were denoised to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening / closing coil current-time data. Step 11: Collect the time-varying vibration acceleration parameters of the circuit breaker casing surface during normal operation using vibration sensors, and generate a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence. This data sequence represents the discrete relationship between the vibration acceleration and time of the circuit breaker during operation. Collect the time-varying current parameters of the internal closing coil of the circuit breaker during normal operation using current sensors, and generate a circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence. This data sequence represents the discrete relationship between the coil current and time during the operation of the internal closing coil of the circuit breaker. Step 12: Based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, perform integrated processing of the circuit breaker operating parameter data to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; perform noise reduction processing on the integrated operating parameter data of the circuit breaker based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data.

[0021] Based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the circuit breaker's operating parameter data is integrated and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence. Then, based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the integrated operating parameter data of the circuit breaker is denoised to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, including the following steps: Step 121: Using a data acquisition instrument, the collected circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence are sampled and integrated at the same time point, with the time point as the reference point. This generates a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, which represents the discrete relationship data set of the circuit breaker equipment vibration acceleration, the circuit breaker equipment internal opening and closing coil current and time at the same time point during the normal operation of the circuit breaker equipment. Step 122: Use a bandpass filter to perform data-oriented filtering and noise reduction on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence for the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters and circuit breaker opening and closing coil current parameters, and generate a standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data. The standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data represents a discrete data set with time relationship formed after the collected circuit breaker equipment vibration acceleration parameters and circuit breaker equipment internal opening and closing coil current parameters are selected and filtered in a targeted manner. The bandpass filter can be any one of MATLAB or Python.

[0022] By using vibration and current sensors, efficient acquisition of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time parameters and circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time parameters is achieved, enabling accurate and efficient acquisition of circuit breaker vibration signals. Based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, combined with a data acquisition instrument, precise integration and processing of circuit breaker operating parameter data is performed. This establishes a unified standard for circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time parameters based on the time dimension, improving the standardization of circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition. Furthermore, based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence and combined with a bandpass filter, reliable noise reduction processing of the integrated operating parameter data of the circuit breaker is performed, achieving scientific filtering of circuit breaker vibration noise signals, improving the accuracy of circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition, and enhancing the accuracy of internal defect detection in the circuit breaker.

[0023] For further details, please refer to Figures 1-2The process of extracting and processing the time-domain characteristic data of the circuit breaker operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data includes the following steps: Step 21: Extract and process the time-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters according to the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; extract and process the frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters according to the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data. Step 22: Extract and process the time-frequency domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the time-frequency domain data of circuit breaker vibration.

[0024] The time-domain characteristic data of circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; the frequency-domain characteristic data of circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, including the following steps: Step 211: Using a vibration feature analysis platform, the time-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters are analyzed and extracted from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-domain data. The circuit breaker vibration time-domain data is represented by the numerical feature statistics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters obtained by the mathematical statistical algorithm in the vibration feature analysis platform. The circuit breaker vibration time-domain data includes the peak value of circuit breaker vibration acceleration, the root mean square value of circuit breaker vibration acceleration, the impulse factor of circuit breaker vibration acceleration, the waveform factor of circuit breaker vibration acceleration, and the margin factor of circuit breaker vibration acceleration. The vibration feature analysis platform includes any one of LMSTestLab, HEADacousticsArtemis, and NILabVIEW+DIAdem. Step 212: Using the vibration feature analysis platform, the frequency domain characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters are identified and extracted from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data. The circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data is represented by the frequency characteristic data of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration obtained by statistical analysis of the frequency characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration using the fast Fourier transform algorithm in the vibration feature analysis platform. The circuit breaker vibration time domain data includes the circuit breaker vibration centroid frequency, the circuit breaker vibration mean square frequency, the circuit breaker vibration frequency variance, and the circuit breaker vibration frequency band energy ratio.

[0025] Based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-closing coil current-time data, the time-frequency domain feature data of circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data, including the following steps: Step 221: Obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data; Step 222: Using the vibration feature analysis platform, the time-frequency domain features of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters are searched and extracted from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data. The circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data represents the frequency-time relationship matrix of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration statistically obtained by using the wavelet transform algorithm in the vibration feature analysis platform.

[0026] Based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-closing coil current-time data and combined with the vibration characteristic analysis platform, the time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain characteristic data of circuit breaker operating parameters are accurately extracted. This enables multi-dimensional in-depth mining of the mechanical operating state of the internal structure of the circuit breaker based on the time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain of the circuit breaker vibration signal, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and scientific nature of the detection of internal defects in the circuit breaker.

[0027] For further details, please refer to Figures 1-2 Based on the vibration characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker, the internal structural faults of the circuit breaker are diagnosed and processed to obtain the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker. When no fault is found, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker ends; when a fault exists, the warning operation of the internal structural fault diagnosis result of the circuit breaker is executed, including the following steps: Step 31: Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data and the set of standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, perform internal structural fault diagnosis processing of the circuit breaker to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; when there is no fault, end this internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker; when there is a fault, execute the warning operation of the internal structural fault diagnosis result of the circuit breaker.

[0028] Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data combined with standard vibration signal characteristic data sets for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, internal structural fault diagnosis processing of the circuit breaker is performed to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; when no fault is found, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker ends; when a fault exists, the warning operation for the internal structural fault diagnosis result of the circuit breaker is executed, including the following steps: Step 311: Establish a set of standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of circuit breakers. ,in Indicates the first This document presents standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of circuit breakers, corresponding to various types of internal structural faults. These fault types include: fatigue of the opening and closing springs; insufficient preload of the opening and closing springs; fatigue of the energy storage springs; insufficient preload of the energy storage springs; loose mechanical connection of the connecting pins; loose mechanical connection of the fastening bolts; loose mechanical connection of the bearings; partial jamming of the transmission connecting rods; partial jamming of the slider; partial jamming of the bushings; wear of the main contacts; wear of the arc contacts; ablation of the main contacts; ablation of the arc contacts; failure of the oil buffer; and failure of the silicone buffer. The standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of circuit breakers represents the time-domain, frequency-domain, and time-frequency domain data of the standard circuit breaker vibration acceleration set for different types of internal structural faults. Step 312: Combine the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data with the standard vibration signal characteristic data set for different structural faults of the circuit breaker. Standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults of circuit breakers Matching of circuit breaker vibration signal characteristics is performed based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data, and standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. The following steps are taken to construct fault diagnosis information for the internal structure of the circuit breaker by matching the characteristic information of the circuit breaker vibration signal: Step 3121: Initialization, set the maximum number of iterations T; Step 3122: After initialization, perform a structural fault search, selecting the flame as the moth, and analyzing the standard vibration signal characteristic data set for different structural faults in the circuit breaker. Initial generation in the solution space A structural fault search moth and A flame, and = In the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of circuit breaker structural faults Search the search space to find standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults of circuit breakers that match the time-domain vibration data, frequency-domain vibration data, and time-frequency-domain vibration data of circuit breakers. The structural fault search moth will fly around the selected flame. A structural fault search moth and The flames are sorted by quality, and the sorted flames are then... The flame moves to a better position. At each of the several locations, the structural fault-finding moths selects a different flame. As the number of iterations increases, the number of flames decreases. The formula for calculating the number of flames is as follows: ,in Indicates the first The next iteration uses the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of circuit breaker structural faults. The number of flames in the search space. This represents a random function that takes values ​​between 0 and 1. This represents a set of standard vibration signal characteristic data for different structural faults in circuit breakers. The total number of flames initially generated in the search space, where T represents the maximum number of iterations; Step 3123: After selecting a flame, the structural fault search moth flies around the flame. This involves analyzing the vibration signal characteristic data set of the structural fault search moth within different structural fault standards of the circuit breaker. Location in the search space Structural fault search: Moths circling a flame in a circuit breaker exhibiting different structural faults. (This is followed by a seemingly unrelated sentence about vibration signal characteristics.) Location in the search space And a collection of standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults in circuit breakers after a moth flies around a flame during structural fault search. New location in the search space The formula for calculating the new position is as follows: ,in Indicates structural fault search moth With flames Standard vibration signal characteristic data set for different structural faults of circuit breakers The distance value in the search space, Represents an exponential function. Represents the base of the exponential function; Indicates the current iteration number, where This indicates that the coefficient takes the value 2. Represents angle value The corresponding cosine value, Represents pi; Step 3124: Structural Fault Search - Moth in Circuit Breaker with Standard Vibration Signal Characteristic Data Set for Different Structural Faults Fly and move the flames to the appropriate location within the search space. Only structural fault search for moths in circuit breakers with different structural faults, based on standard vibration signal characteristic data sets. In the search space After a fireball flies, update to A new location, calculate this Time-domain vibration data, frequency-domain vibration data, and vibration characteristics of circuit breakers at new locations, along with standard vibration signal data for faults of circuit breakers with different structural features. The fitness value, will this A new location and A flame based on + The positions are sorted by priority, and the positions with the best priority are... The location is used as the position of the flame in the next round, based on the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker. Search the search space to find the standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker that best match the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. ; Step 3125: When the maximum number of iterations T is met, output the characteristic data of all standard vibration signals of different structural faults of the circuit breaker that match the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. ; Step 3126: Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data, and standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults of the circuit breaker, as described in Step 3125. The circuit breaker vibration signal feature information is matched to generate fault diagnosis information of the internal structure of the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are compared with the standard vibration signal characteristic data of circuit breaker faults with different structural features... If the circuit breaker vibration signal feature information matching is successful, it indicates that there is a structural fault inside the target circuit breaker. The output circuit breaker internal structural fault diagnosis information will then state that a fault exists. The output will also include standard vibration signal feature data for all circuit breakers with different structural faults that match the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. The corresponding text information of the internal structural fault type of the circuit breaker is displayed, and the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker is fed back to the internal fault result through the display screen and voice playback module to perform the early warning operation of the internal structural fault diagnosis result of the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are compared with the standard vibration signal characteristic data of circuit breaker faults with different structural features... If no matching of the circuit breaker vibration signal characteristic information is found, it indicates that there is no structural fault inside the target circuit breaker. In this case, the output circuit breaker internal structural fault diagnosis information will be "no fault found", and the current circuit breaker internal structural fault diagnosis operation will be terminated directly.

[0029] Based on circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data, combined with artificial intelligence algorithms and standard vibration signal characteristic data of different circuit breaker structural faults established based on big data, a comprehensive intelligent diagnosis of internal structural faults of circuit breakers is performed. This enables intelligent and accurate diagnosis of internal structural faults of circuit breakers based on the characteristics of circuit breaker vibration signals, improving the intelligence and efficiency of internal defect detection. Based on the diagnostic information of internal structural faults of circuit breakers, combined with the display screen and voice playback module, the diagnostic results of internal structural faults of circuit breakers are accurately visualized and the early warning operation is performed, realizing intuitive and efficient response feedback of internal faults of circuit breakers, and improving the applicability of internal defect detection of circuit breakers.

[0030] Example 2: Please see Figures 1-2 An online detection system for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis is used to realize an online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis. The system includes a circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition module, a circuit breaker vibration signal feature processing module, and a circuit breaker internal defect diagnosis and early warning module. The circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition module includes a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time acquisition unit, a circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time acquisition unit, a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data generation unit, and a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data noise reduction unit; The circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time acquisition unit acquires circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequences through vibration sensors; the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time acquisition unit acquires circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequences through current sensors; the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data generation unit integrates and processes the circuit breaker's operating parameter data based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequences and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequences, combined with the data acquisition instrument, to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data noise reduction unit performs noise reduction processing on the integrated operating parameter data of the circuit breaker based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence and combined with a bandpass filter, to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data. The circuit breaker vibration signal feature processing module includes a circuit breaker vibration time-domain feature acquisition unit, a circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain feature acquisition unit, and a circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain feature acquisition unit; The circuit breaker vibration time-domain feature acquisition unit extracts and processes the time-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data and in conjunction with the vibration feature analysis platform, to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain feature acquisition unit extracts and processes the frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data and in conjunction with the vibration feature analysis platform, to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data; the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain feature acquisition unit extracts and processes the time-frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data and in conjunction with the vibration feature analysis platform, to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. The circuit breaker internal defect diagnosis and early warning module includes a standard vibration signal characteristic data storage unit for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, a circuit breaker structural fault diagnosis unit, and a circuit breaker structural fault early warning unit. The circuit breaker includes a standard vibration signal feature data storage unit for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, used to store standard vibration signal feature data for different structural faults of the circuit breaker; a circuit breaker structural fault diagnosis unit, which performs internal structural fault diagnosis processing on the circuit breaker based on the circuit breaker vibration time domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time and frequency domain data and standard vibration signal feature data for different structural faults of the circuit breaker, to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; and a circuit breaker structural fault early warning unit, which performs early warning operation on the internal structural fault diagnosis results of the circuit breaker based on the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker and in conjunction with the display screen and voice playback module.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for online detection of internal defects in circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence of the circuit breaker were collected separately; the operating parameters of the circuit breaker were integrated and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; the integrated operating parameters of the circuit breaker were processed to reduce noise and obtain the standard data sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time. The time-domain characteristic data of the circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; the frequency-domain characteristic data of the circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data; the time-frequency-domain characteristic data of the circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. Based on the vibration characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker, the internal structural faults of the circuit breaker are diagnosed and processed to obtain the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; when there is no fault, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker ends; when there is a fault, the warning operation of the internal structural fault diagnosis result of the circuit breaker is executed.

2. The online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process involves collecting circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequences and circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequences separately; integrating and processing the circuit breaker's operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; and then performing noise reduction processing on the integrated operating parameters to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, including the following steps: Vibration sensors are used to collect time-varying vibration acceleration parameters of the circuit breaker housing surface during normal operation, and generate a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence. Similarly, current sensors are used to collect time-varying current parameters of the circuit breaker's opening and closing coils during normal operation, and generate a circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence. Based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the circuit breaker's operating parameter data is integrated and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the circuit breaker's integrated operating parameter data is denoised to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data standard sequence.

3. The online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the circuit breaker's operating parameter data is integrated and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence; based on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, the integrated operating parameter data of the circuit breaker is denoised to obtain the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, including the following steps: The data acquisition instrument integrates and processes the collected circuit breaker vibration acceleration-time data sequence and the circuit breaker opening and closing coil current-time data sequence at the same time point, taking the time point as the reference point, and generates a circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence. A bandpass filter is used to perform directional filtering and noise reduction on the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data sequence, and a standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data is generated.

4. The online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that: Extracting and processing the time-domain characteristic data of the circuit breaker operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; extracting and processing the frequency-domain characteristic data of the circuit breaker operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data; the extraction and processing of the time-frequency domain characteristic data of the circuit breaker operating parameters to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data includes the following steps: Based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, the time-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, the frequency-domain feature data of the circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data. Based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data, time-frequency domain feature data of circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data.

5. The online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The time-domain feature data extraction and processing of circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data is used to obtain circuit breaker vibration time-domain data; the frequency-domain feature data extraction and processing of circuit breaker operating parameters based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data is used to obtain circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, including the following steps: The vibration characteristic analysis platform is used to analyze and extract the time-domain characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters from the standard sequence of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data. The vibration characteristic analysis platform is used to identify and extract the frequency domain characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the circuit breaker vibration frequency domain data.

6. The online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-closing coil current-time data, the time-frequency domain feature data of circuit breaker operating parameters are extracted and processed to obtain the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency domain data, including the following steps: Obtain a standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration, opening and closing coil current, and time data; The vibration characteristic analysis platform is used to search and extract the time-frequency domain characteristics of the circuit breaker vibration acceleration parameters from the standard sequence of circuit breaker vibration acceleration-opening and closing coil current-time data to obtain the time-frequency domain data of the circuit breaker vibration.

7. The online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: Based on the vibration characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker, the internal structural fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker is performed to obtain the internal structural fault diagnosis information. When no fault is found, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation ends. When a fault exists, the early warning operation for the internal structural fault diagnosis result is executed, including the following steps: Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data and the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker, the internal structural fault diagnosis processing of the circuit breaker is performed to obtain the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; when there is no fault, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker ends; when there is a fault, the internal structural fault diagnosis result warning operation of the circuit breaker is executed.

8. The online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis according to claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data combined with the standard vibration signal characteristic data set of different structural faults of the circuit breaker, internal structural fault diagnosis processing of the circuit breaker is performed to obtain internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker; when no fault is found, the current internal structural fault diagnosis operation of the circuit breaker ends; when a fault exists, the warning operation for the internal structural fault diagnosis result of the circuit breaker is executed, including the following steps: Establish a set of standard vibration signal characteristic data for faults of different circuit breakers. The include ;in Indicates the first Standard vibration signal characteristic data of different structural faults of circuit breakers corresponding to various types of internal structural faults. The circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are compared with the... The above Perform circuit breaker vibration signal feature information matching, based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data with the... The following are the specific steps for constructing the circuit breaker internal structure fault diagnosis information by matching the vibration signal feature information of the circuit breaker with the results: Step 3121: Initialization, set the maximum number of iterations T; Step 3122: After initialization, perform a structural fault search, select a flame for the moth, and then... Initial generation in the solution space A structural fault search moth and A flame, and = In the Search the search space to find the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data that match the circuit breaker vibration data. The structural fault search moth will fly around the selected flame. A structural fault search moth and The flames are sorted by quality, and the sorted flames are... The flame moved to a better position. At each of the several locations, each structural fault-finding moth selects a different flame, and the number of flames decreases as the number of iterations increases; Step 3123: After selecting a flame, the structural fault search moth flies around the flame. For the structural fault search moth described in... Location in the search space The structural fault search moths surrounded the flame in the Location in the search space And structural fault search moths flying around the flame after in the New location in the search space ; Step 3124, Structural Fault Search Moth in the... Fly and move the flames to the appropriate location within the search space. Only structural fault search moths are mentioned In the search space After a fireball flies, update to A new location, calculate this The circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data at a new location are compared with the... The fitness value, will this A new location and A flame based on + The positions are sorted by priority, and the positions with the best priority are... The position is used as the position of the flame in the next round, in the... The search space is used to find the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data that best match the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data. ; Step 3125: When the maximum number of iterations T is satisfied, output all the data that match the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data. ; Step 3126: Based on the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data mentioned in step 3125, and the... The circuit breaker vibration signal feature information is matched to generate fault diagnosis information of the internal structure of the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are compared with the... If the circuit breaker vibration signal feature information matching is successful, the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker is output as a fault exists. All matching circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are also output. The corresponding text information of the internal structural fault type of the circuit breaker is displayed, and the internal structural fault diagnosis information of the circuit breaker is fed back to the circuit breaker internal result fault through the display screen and voice playback module to perform the circuit breaker internal structural fault diagnosis result early warning operation. When the circuit breaker vibration time-domain data, the circuit breaker vibration frequency-domain data, and the circuit breaker vibration time-frequency-domain data are compared with the... If no matching of the circuit breaker vibration signal characteristic information is found, the output of the circuit breaker internal structure fault diagnosis information is that there is no fault, and the current circuit breaker internal structure fault diagnosis operation is terminated directly.

9. An online detection system for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis, used to implement the online detection method for internal defects of circuit breakers based on vibration signal analysis as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The system includes a circuit breaker vibration signal acquisition module, a circuit breaker vibration signal feature processing module, and a circuit breaker internal defect diagnosis and early warning module.

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