Method and device for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of intelligent detection, specifically to a vertical jump explosive force measuring method and device based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection, the method comprising: arranging an ultrasonic transducer array capable of measuring the vertical jump height of a human body; a test person stands in the ultrasonic transducer array to perform a vertical jump test, and a TDOA-based positioning method is used to measure the vertical jump height of the human body; an electrostatic detector is used to collect electrostatic signals during the vertical jump of the human body, and the take-off time and landing time of the human body are obtained according to the electrostatic signals, and then the jump time is obtained; the electrostatic detector and the ultrasonic transducer array are synchronously sampled; after the vertical jump process of the test person is completed, the vertical jump explosive force of the human body is calculated according to the vertical jump height of the human body measured by the ultrasonic transducer array and the jump time measured by the electrostatic detector. The present application combines ultrasonic ranging technology and electrostatic detection technology, has low cost, strong environmental adaptability, and is convenient to measure; and the non-contact detection method improves the comfort during testing and the results are more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent detection, specifically to a method and device for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main method used in the sports industry to measure human vertical jump explosive power is to wear an explosive power testing device to measure the vertical jump parameters and calculate the explosive power. However, explosive power testing devices use accelerometers to measure human acceleration signals, which requires wearing a device, affecting the comfort of the person during measurement, and are also costly, making them difficult to popularize.

[0003] Ultrasonic ranging technology calculates distance by measuring the echo time after emitting ultrasonic waves that are reflected by obstacles. It has a wide detection range, accurate positioning, and is not affected by environmental factors such as light, rain, snow, and magnetic fields. Moreover, it is inexpensive, small in size, and simple in structure, making it a widely used non-contact measurement method.

[0004] Electrostatic detection technology obtains spatiotemporal information about a target by detecting the electrostatic field generated by the static electricity it carries. A moving human body accumulates static electricity for various reasons, and this static electricity changes with the body's movement, thus altering its electrostatic field. Therefore, detecting the human body's electrostatic field allows for the detection of the body's movement information.

[0005] This document, published in China (CN 112617836 A) on April 9, 2021, discloses a method for assessing the explosive power of the human lower limbs. The method includes: collecting time-series data of the force applied by the subject to a pressure plate during a vertical jump on an assessment hardware device; the vertical jumps include: static squat jumps, squat jumps, and depth jumps; analyzing and confirming the mapping relationship between pressure and time at each stage based on the time-series data; each stage includes: squatting stage, force exertion stage, jumping stage, airborne stage, and landing stage; obtaining multiple assessment parameters based on the mapping relationship between pressure and time at each stage; and calculating the subject's muscle explosive power level parameters based on these multiple assessment parameters. This existing technology relies entirely on the pressure signal from the force-measuring platform to indirectly calculate jump height, airborne time, and explosive power, without any direct means of measuring jump height or jump time. It depends on simplified assumptions such as ideal free fall and pressure-power mapping, and individual movement and posture deviations can lead to derivation errors. It also relies on a dedicated pressure plate / force-measuring hardware device, which is costly, bulky, and requires fixed installation.

[0006] This document, published in China (CN 108245168 A) on July 6, 2018, discloses an electrostatic detection method for measuring the stride period of a human body during stepping or walking. This method is a non-contact measurement method belonging to the field of electrostatic detection. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Deploying detection plates capable of detecting electrostatic signals from human stepping or walking; Step 2: Collecting electrostatic signals from the detection environment; Step 3: Processing the collected signals to obtain an electrical signal characterizing the human stride; Step 4: Plotting the curve of this signal over time, with the peak point being the instant the human foot contacts the ground; Step 5: Calculating the curve using a precise stride period acquisition algorithm to obtain a smooth curve, with the peak-to-peak time difference representing the stride period of the human body. Comparison document 2 is only for walking, stepping and other movements that do not involve airborne movement and are continuously in contact with the ground. It does not include the vertical jump process of leaving the ground, taking off, and landing, and therefore cannot be adapted to vertical jump measurement. Comparison document 2 can only detect the moment when the feet touch the ground, and cannot identify the moment when the body leaves the ground. Furthermore, it cannot calculate the jump time by combining the moment of leaving the ground and the moment of landing, and therefore does not have the ability to measure the timing of vertical jump.

[0007] This document, published in China (CN 110440896 B) on July 23, 2021, discloses a technique and method for measuring the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in a medium or for precise distance measurement and positioning of ultrasonic waves. It includes a signal generation and analysis system and a transducer array. The signal generation and analysis system controls the generation and reception of ultrasonic signals, measures the time difference of the transmitted wave signals, and analyzes and calculates the speed, distance, and coordinates of the ultrasonic waves in the medium. The transducer array transmits the ultrasonic waves generated by the signal generation and analysis system and receives the feedback echoes. Comparative document 3 uses three ultrasonic transducer arrays to first measure the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the medium. Then, based on the propagation time and transducer spacing, the two-dimensional coordinates of the target are calculated. This method is applied to general media target measurement and does not cover human vertical jump scenarios or vertical height measurement. Comparative document 3 can only calculate two-dimensional planar coordinates and completely lacks a concept for measuring vertical height / jump height, making it impossible to directly obtain the height parameters required for explosive force. Comparative document 3, for static / medium-based targets, does not consider the dynamic real-time measurement of rapid human vertical jumps and lacks adaptability for human motion testing.

[0008] In solving the above problems or overcoming the above defects, the present invention encountered the following difficulties and obstacles: The patent document with publication number CN 110440896 B can only measure the sound speed of the medium and the two-dimensional plane coordinates of the target. It does not involve the measurement of the vertical height of the human body's dynamic vertical jump, and it is for static / medium targets, so there is no need to consider dynamic interference. This invention relies on the TDOA positioning method, and encountered two major obstacles during its development: First, the human vertical jump is a rapid dynamic movement, and the body posture (such as upper limb swinging and trunk bending) is constantly changing, leading to unstable ultrasonic echo scattering and reflection paths, making it difficult to accurately locate the highest point of the human body's center of gravity, and thus unable to obtain an accurate vertical jump height; Second, the transducer array layout method (equal spacing, fixed, pairwise transmission and reception time parameters) in the patent document CN 110440896 B is not suitable for vertical jump scenarios, requiring a redesign of the transducer array's layout position, number, and spacing. This needs to adapt to the vertical jump range of subjects of different heights, avoid signal interference between transducers, and eliminate the need for additional measurement of air velocity (this invention is applied to an air environment where the velocity of sound is a known constant; the redundant step of "measuring the medium velocity first" in the patent document CN 110440896 B needs to be eliminated, and the positioning algorithm needs to be adjusted to adapt to scenarios with fixed air velocity). The adaptation and debugging of the algorithm and hardware layout are extremely difficult.

[0009] Therefore, this invention provides a method and device for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection technology. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and device for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection. The non-contact detection method based on the combination of ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection can accurately measure the vertical jump explosive force of the human body, providing a low-cost and convenient method for measuring the vertical jump explosive force of the human body.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection, comprising the following steps: S1: Deploy an array of ultrasonic transducers capable of measuring the vertical jump height of a human body; S2: The test subject stands on the ultrasonic transducer array to perform a vertical jump test, and the vertical jump height of the human body is measured based on the TDOA positioning method. S3: Electrostatic signals are collected during the human vertical jump using an electrostatic detector. The time of the human body leaving the ground and the time of landing are obtained from the electrostatic signals, and then the jump time is calculated. The electrostatic detector and the ultrasonic transducer array maintain clock synchronization and sample synchronously. S4: After the test subject's vertical jump is completed, the vertical jump force is calculated based on the vertical jump height measured by the synchronously acquired ultrasonic transducer array and the jump time measured by the electrostatic detector. At the same time, the vertical jump force data is displayed on the display device.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: in step S1, the ultrasonic transducer array includes at least four ultrasonic transducers, with one of the ultrasonic transducers as the center, and the remaining ultrasonic transducers are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that: the ultrasonic transducer array includes four ultrasonic transducers, namely ultrasonic transducer A, ultrasonic transducer B, ultrasonic transducer C and ultrasonic transducer D. The coordinates of the four ultrasonic transducers are as follows: , , , With ultrasonic transducer C as the center, ultrasonic transducers A, B, and D are evenly arranged in a circular direction, forming an equilateral triangle.

[0014] It should be noted that, according to the distance equation formula, theoretically, the coordinates can be set in a coordinate system established with any position as the reference. For ease of calculation, it is preferable to use the ultrasonic transducer C as the center, place the ultrasonic transducer array at the starting point, and establish the coordinate system with the starting point as the reference.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the circumference radius of the ultrasonic transducer A, ultrasonic transducer B and ultrasonic transducer D arranged in a circle ranges from 180mm to 220mm.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: in step S2, the positioning method of the TDOA specifically involves emitting ultrasonic waves through ultrasonic transducer C, and ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D simultaneously receiving ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body. From the distance formula, we can obtain: ; ; ; ; in, , , , The distances from ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D to the test subject are respectively. Using ultrasonic transducer A as a reference, the equations for the difference in the distance of the received echo from ultrasonic transducers B, C, and D relative to ultrasonic transducer A, and the echo propagation time, are obtained respectively: ; ; ; ; ; ; in, , , , , where represents the time it takes for ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D to receive the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body; c represents the speed of light. By inputting the coordinates of the four ultrasonic transducers and the time of receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body into the analysis and calculation module, the coordinates of the human body's jump position T can be solved based on the above set of equations. The vertical jump height H is defined as the distance between the height of the human body's jump position T and the starting point.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: in step S4, the explosive power of the human body's vertical jump is calculated using the following formula:

[0018] Where F represents the explosive force of a human body during a vertical jump, G represents the body's weight, and H represents the height of the human body during a vertical jump. t It's a time jump.

[0019] This invention also relates to a device for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection, comprising: An ultrasonic transducer array is used to measure the vertical jump height of a human body using a TDOA-based positioning method. An electrostatic detector is used to measure the time of a human vertical jump; the electrostatic detector is synchronized with the clock of the ultrasonic transducer array. The analysis and calculation module is used to receive signals from the ultrasonic transducer array and the electrostatic detector, and perform analysis and calculation. Display devices are used to display the results of the analysis and calculation module, enabling human-computer interaction.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that: the ultrasonic transducer array includes at least four ultrasonic transducers, with one ultrasonic transducer as the center, and the remaining ultrasonic transducers are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction. The electrostatic detector is positioned in front of the ultrasonic transducer array. The electrostatic detector includes a detection electrode, which is positioned at the starting point. The analysis and calculation module is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer array and the electrostatic detector, respectively. The analysis and calculation module is set in the display device. The analysis and calculation module outputs the detection results of the ultrasonic transducer array and the electrostatic detector and the calculation results of the human body's vertical jump explosive force through the display device.

[0021] This invention combines ultrasonic ranging technology with electrostatic detection technology. By using ultrasonic ranging to determine the maximum height of a human body's vertical jump, and then combining this with the jump time obtained from the electrostatic detector, the explosive force of the human body's vertical jump can be determined. This novel detection system is low-cost, simple to install, accurate in measurement, and highly adaptable to various environments. It achieves non-contact measurement and has promising application prospects.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention calculates the human vertical jump explosive force by using the jump height obtained from ultrasound and the jump time obtained from an electrostatic detector. It has low cost, simple measurement device, and is easy to promote.

[0023] The present invention provides a non-contact measurement method for human vertical jump explosive force based on a combination of ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection. The calculation results are relatively accurate, the method has strong environmental adaptability, and the non-contact detection method improves the comfort of human body measurement.

[0024] This invention employs a non-contact measurement method using an ultrasonic transducer array and an electrostatic detector, eliminating the need for subjects to wear any measuring devices, thus greatly improving human comfort during measurement and avoiding interference from wearable devices on vertical jump movements. Furthermore, the device is compact and easy to set up, requiring no large force measurement platform, significantly reducing equipment costs. Simultaneously, by directly measuring vertical jump height and jump time, it eliminates errors caused by indirect back-calculation, resulting in measurement accuracy significantly higher than the method in the patent document published under publication number CN 108245168 A.

[0025] This invention is based on electrostatic detection technology, which can accurately capture the abrupt changes in electrostatic signals at the moment of human body leaving the ground and landing during a vertical jump, convert them into measurable electrical signals, and determine the moment of human body leaving the ground and landing by capturing the time of the drastic change of the two electrical signals. At the same time, combined with ultrasonic height measurement data, it realizes the complete acquisition of the core parameters required for vertical jump explosive force, and solves the core defect of the patent document with publication number CN 110440896 B that cannot be applied to vertical jump measurement.

[0026] This invention is based on the TDOA positioning method and optimizes the layout and measurement algorithm of the ultrasonic transducer array. It eliminates the need to measure the air velocity (which is a known constant) and directly and accurately captures the highest point of the center of gravity during a human vertical jump through the ultrasonic transducer array, thus obtaining the accurate jump height. The patent document with publication number CN 110440896 B can only measure the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the medium and the two-dimensional plane coordinates of the target. It cannot measure the vertical height required for the vertical jump. Moreover, it is for static / medium targets and requires solving the medium velocity first. The measurement principle is redundant and cannot be adapted to the dynamic scenario of rapid human vertical jump.

[0027] The patent documents published under CN 112617836 A, CN 108245168 A, and CN 110440896 B all employ single-sensor technology solutions, namely force sensing, single electrostatic sensing, and single ultrasonic sensing, respectively. None of these solutions can achieve a complete measurement of vertical jump explosive force, and each has significant drawbacks when used individually. This invention integrates ultrasonic ranging technology with electrostatic detection technology, achieving synchronous and coordinated data from both sensors. It obtains precise vertical jump height through an ultrasonic array and precise jump time through an electrostatic detector. The combination of these two technologies directly calculates the vertical jump explosive force, overcoming the shortcomings of single-sensor technologies, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement data, and resulting in a more comprehensive measurement function and higher overall precision.

[0028] This invention ensures that the acquisition timing of the ultrasonic transducer array and the electrostatic detector are completely consistent, thus avoiding distortion in the calculation of explosive force caused by misalignment of the two signal acquisitions.

[0029] In summary, this invention overcomes the shortcomings of the methods in the aforementioned three patent documents, such as poor scenario adaptability, low measurement accuracy, incomplete functions, high cost, and difficulty in popularization, whether used individually or in combination. At the same time, it solves the comfort problem of existing wearable testing devices and realizes non-contact, high-precision, and low-cost measurement of vertical jump explosive force, which is a significant improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning of the ultrasonic transducer array based on TDOA.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the method and equipment layout for measuring vertical explosive force using ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection.

[0033] The meanings of the labels in the figures are as follows: 1. Ultrasonic transducer array; 2. Electrostatic detector; 3. Display device. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection includes the following steps: S1: Deploy an ultrasonic transducer array capable of measuring the vertical jump height of a human body; the ultrasonic transducer array includes at least four ultrasonic transducers, with one ultrasonic transducer as the center, and the remaining ultrasonic transducers are evenly arranged in a circular direction.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment uses four ultrasonic transducers, namely ultrasonic transducer A, ultrasonic transducer B, ultrasonic transducer C, and ultrasonic transducer D; the coordinates of the four ultrasonic transducers are as follows: , , , With ultrasonic transducer C as the center, ultrasonic transducers A, B, and D are evenly arranged in a circular direction, forming an equilateral triangle.

[0038] S2: The test subject stands on the ultrasonic transducer array to perform a vertical jump test, and the vertical jump height of the human body is measured based on the TDOA positioning method. The TDOA positioning method specifically involves emitting ultrasonic waves through ultrasonic transducer C, and simultaneously receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body through ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D. The distance formula can be used to obtain: ; ; ; ; in, , , , The distances from ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D to the test subject are respectively. Using ultrasonic transducer A as a reference, the equations for the difference in the distance of the received echo from ultrasonic transducers B, C, and D relative to ultrasonic transducer A, and the echo propagation time, are obtained respectively: ; ; ; ; ; ; in, , , , , where represents the time it takes for ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D to receive the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body; c represents the speed of light. By inputting the coordinates of the four ultrasonic transducers and the time of receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body into the analysis and calculation module, the coordinates of the human body's jump position T can be solved based on the above set of equations. The vertical jump height H is defined as the distance between the height of the human body's jump position T and the starting point.

[0039] S3: Electrostatic signals are collected during the human vertical jump using an electrostatic detector. The time of the human body leaving the ground and the time of landing are obtained from the electrostatic signals, and then the jump time is calculated. ; In step S3, the electrostatic detector collects electrostatic data during the human body's vertical jump, and compares this data with the position data of the test subject's center of gravity relative to each ultrasonic transducer obtained by each ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic transducer array in step S2. , , , The data from both are collected synchronously.

[0040] This invention utilizes the six-channel bipolar 16-bit precision AD7606 analog-to-digital converter chip to design a system for synchronous data acquisition from an electrostatic detector and an ultrasonic transducer array. The AD7606 chip has a maximum sampling frequency of 250 kSPS. The AD7606 chip maintains clock synchronization between the electrostatic detector and the ultrasonic transducer array to ensure that data from multiple sensors are on the same time axis, allowing for synchronous sampling.

[0041] Further data processing of the synchronously collected electrostatic data yields the moment the human body leaves the ground and the moment it lands, thereby calculating the jump time. Jump time The calculation is as follows: When a person stands on the ground, their body and the earth (or a grounded conductive floor) form a capacitance, with the feet being the primary contact / coupling points. The larger the contact area between the soles of the feet and the ground, the greater the capacitance. When the feet leave the ground, the contact area instantly becomes zero, the distance between the body and the ground increases instantaneously, and the capacitance value decreases drastically to a very small value. An electrostatic detector converts this dramatic change in the body's capacitance to the ground during a jump—the sudden drop when the body leaves the ground and the sudden rise when it lands—into measurable electrical signals. By capturing the time of these two dramatic changes in electrical signals, the moments of body liftoff and landing can be determined.

[0042] ; in, For the landing time, Moment of liftoff.

[0043] S4: After the test subject's vertical jump is completed, the vertical jump force is calculated based on the vertical jump height measured by the synchronously acquired ultrasonic transducer array and the jump time measured by the electrostatic detector. At the same time, the vertical jump force data is displayed on the display device.

[0044] Human vertical jump explosive power is calculated using the following formula:

[0045] F represents the explosive force of a human body during a vertical jump, G represents the body's weight, and H represents the height of a human body during a vertical jump. t It's a time jump.

[0046] Example 2 like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also relates to a vertical jump explosive force measurement device based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection, comprising: Ultrasonic transducer array 1 is used to measure the vertical jump height of a human body using a TDOA-based positioning method. Electrostatic detector 2 is used to measure the time of a human vertical jump; electrostatic detector 2 is synchronized with the clock of ultrasonic transducer array 1. The analysis and calculation module is used to receive signals from the ultrasonic transducer array 1 and the electrostatic detector 2 and perform analysis and calculation. Display device 3 is used to display the results of the analysis and calculation module and realize human-computer interaction.

[0047] The ultrasonic transducer array 1 includes at least four ultrasonic transducers, with one ultrasonic transducer as the center and the remaining ultrasonic transducers evenly arranged in a circular direction. The electrostatic detector 2 is positioned in front of the ultrasonic transducer array 1. The electrostatic detector 2 includes a detection electrode, which is positioned at the starting point. The analysis and calculation module is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer array 1 and the electrostatic detector 2 respectively. The analysis and calculation module is set in the display device 3. The analysis and calculation module outputs the detection results of the ultrasonic transducer array 1 and the electrostatic detector 2 and the calculation results of the human body's vertical jump explosive force through the display device 3.

[0048] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent transformations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Deploy an array of ultrasonic transducers capable of measuring the vertical jump height of a human body; S2: The test subject stands on the ultrasonic transducer array to perform a vertical jump test, and the vertical jump height of the human body is measured based on the TDOA positioning method. S3: Electrostatic signals are collected during the human vertical jump using an electrostatic detector. The time of the human body leaving the ground and the time of landing are obtained from the electrostatic signals, and then the jump time is calculated. The electrostatic detector and the ultrasonic transducer array maintain clock synchronization and sample synchronously. S4: After the test subject's vertical jump is completed, the vertical jump force is calculated based on the vertical jump height measured by the synchronously acquired ultrasonic transducer array and the jump time measured by the electrostatic detector. At the same time, the vertical jump force data is displayed on the display device.

2. The method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the ultrasonic transducer array includes at least four ultrasonic transducers, with one of the ultrasonic transducers as the center, and the remaining ultrasonic transducers are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction.

3. The method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ultrasonic transducer array includes four ultrasonic transducers, namely ultrasonic transducer A, ultrasonic transducer B, ultrasonic transducer C and ultrasonic transducer D. The coordinates of the four ultrasonic transducers are as follows: , , , With ultrasonic transducer C as the center, ultrasonic transducers A, B, and D are evenly arranged in a circular direction, forming an equilateral triangle.

4. The method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circumference of the circle formed by ultrasonic transducers A, B, and D ranges from 180mm to 220mm.

5. The method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, the TDOA positioning method specifically involves emitting ultrasonic waves through ultrasonic transducer C, and simultaneously receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body through ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D. The distance formula can be used to obtain: ； ； ； ； in, , , , The distances from ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D to the test subject are respectively. Using ultrasonic transducer A as a reference, the equations for the difference in the distance of the received echo from ultrasonic transducers B, C, and D relative to ultrasonic transducer A, and the echo propagation time, are obtained respectively: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, , , , Let c be the time it takes for ultrasonic transducers A, B, C, and D to receive the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body; c is the speed of light. By inputting the coordinates of the four ultrasonic transducers and the time of receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected from the human body into the analysis and calculation module, the coordinates of the human body's jump position T can be solved based on the above set of equations. The vertical jump height H is defined as the distance between the height of the human body's jump position T and the starting point.

6. The method for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, the explosive power of the human body's vertical jump is calculated using the following formula: ； Where F represents the explosive force of a human body during a vertical jump, G represents the body's weight, and H represents the height of the human body during a vertical jump. t It's a time jump.

7. A device for measuring vertical jump explosive force based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection, characterized in that, include: An ultrasonic transducer array is used to measure the vertical jump height of a human body using a TDOA-based positioning method. An electrostatic detector is used to measure the time of a human's vertical jump. The electrostatic detector is synchronized with the clock of the ultrasonic transducer array; The analysis and calculation module is used to receive signals from the ultrasonic transducer array and the electrostatic detector, and perform analysis and calculation. Display devices are used to display the results of the analysis and calculation module, enabling human-computer interaction.

8. The vertical jump explosive force measurement device based on ultrasonic ranging and electrostatic detection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ultrasonic transducer array includes at least four ultrasonic transducers, with one ultrasonic transducer as the center and the remaining ultrasonic transducers evenly arranged in a circular direction. The electrostatic detector is positioned in front of the ultrasonic transducer array. The electrostatic detector includes a detection electrode, which is positioned at the starting point. The analysis and calculation module is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer array and the electrostatic detector, respectively. The analysis and calculation module is set in the display device. The analysis and calculation module outputs the detection results of the ultrasonic transducer array and the electrostatic detector and the calculation results of the human body's vertical jump explosive force through the display device.

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