Intelligent partition low-temperature grain storage system

Abstract

The intelligent partition low-temperature grain storage system of the application adopts a "cloud management platform + edge node + terminal equipment" architecture, the cloud management platform undertakes data aggregation, intelligent processing, deep analysis, visual display and decision instruction issuing functions. The edge node has the ability of independent monitoring of grain condition and control of warehouse equipment, supports data caching and continuous transmission in offline state, and guarantees business continuity. The cloud management platform realizes control of terminal equipment through control terminal to ensure the stability of the system. The edge node control terminal can realize local intelligent control through flexible offline work of human-machine interface, realize monitoring and control of front-end equipment (grain condition, window, fan function, the control terminal will access all equipment of the warehouse, and provide a unified interface of the equipment to each platform). The terminal equipment end integrates grain surface machine air conditioner, grain cooler, ventilation fan and circulating fan, forming an integrated execution terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to intelligent management of grain storage systems, specifically to a smart zoned low-temperature grain storage system with a cloud management platform architecture that adopts a "cloud management platform + edge node + terminal device" architecture. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening implementation of the food security strategy, my country's grain reserves have continued to expand, and the demand for grain quality assurance and safety management has become increasingly prominent. In traditional grain storage models, high temperature and humidity environments easily lead to mold and pest infestation, causing not only a decline in grain quality and losses but also requiring reliance on chemical pesticides for pest control, posing food safety risks. At the same time, manual inspections and equipment operation are inefficient and difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale, intelligent storage. Therefore, implementing a green grain storage strategy is of great significance. Low-temperature grain storage is one type of green grain storage; the low-temperature environment can ensure grain quality and prevent pests and mold. By constructing low-temperature grain storage projects, the storage period of grain can be effectively extended, reducing losses and spoilage during storage, thereby improving the stability and security of grain supply.

[0003] In the prior art, the "Internal Circulation Low-Temperature Grain Storage System and Method" (Publication No.: CN 107246715 B) discloses an internal circulation low-temperature grain storage system and method. The system includes: a grain silo with at least one ventilation opening at its bottom, electrically operated windows on the walls, and electrically operated valves at the ventilation openings. One ventilation opening is connected to one end of an insulated pipe, and the other end of the insulated pipe is connected to a circulating fan. A ventilation cage is installed on the floor of the grain silo. Ventilation equipment includes at least one centrifugal fan, at least one circulating fan, and at least one refrigeration unit. A grain condition detection unit includes multiple grain pile temperature sensors and one silo temperature and humidity sensor. An intelligent ventilation unit includes a first server and an intelligent control cabinet. The first server communicates with a small weather station outside the silo and automatically controls the operation of the ventilation equipment and the opening and closing of the electrically operated valves through the intelligent control cabinet. The purpose of this technology is to intelligently regulate the grain pile temperature and the silo temperature and humidity when they deviate from the safe grain storage range.

[0004] In addition, the prior art, "Intelligent Shallow Geothermal Low-Temperature Grain Storage System" (Publication No.: CN 102283283 B), discloses an intelligent shallow geothermal low-temperature grain storage system, which consists of a ground source heat pump chiller unit subsystem, a data acquisition subsystem, a multi-sensor data fusion subsystem, a grain depot monitoring parameter optimization and control subsystem, a parameter dynamic adaptive matching and comprehensive evaluation subsystem, and a multi-sub-depot rotational intermittent operation subsystem. This system uses the ground source heat pump chiller unit subsystem as the cooling source of the grain depot, and establishes an automated grain condition monitoring center based on Gaussian process regression data fusion technology. The least squares support vector machine optimized by the best-worst particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to the prediction and control of grain storage environment parameters to achieve dynamic adaptive matching between cooling supply and cooling demand. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system that adopts a "cloud management platform + edge node + terminal device" architecture. The cloud management platform is responsible for data aggregation, intelligent processing, AI deep analysis, visualization, and decision command issuance. The edge nodes have independent grain condition monitoring and warehouse equipment control capabilities, and support data caching and resume transmission in the event of network outages, ensuring business continuity.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution sampled in this invention is as follows: a smart zoned low-temperature grain storage system, adopting a "cloud management platform + edge node + terminal device" architecture. The cloud management platform undertakes data aggregation, intelligent processing, in-depth analysis, visualization, and decision command issuance functions. The edge nodes have independent grain condition monitoring and warehouse equipment control capabilities, supporting data caching and resume transmission in the event of network outages to ensure business continuity. The terminal devices achieve local intelligent control through flexible offline operation via a human-machine interface, realizing the monitoring and control of front-end equipment. Its features include: The cloud management platform, by establishing a linkage mechanism between the refrigeration unit and the grain condition monitoring system, automatically reads ambient temperature data and grain temperature information uploaded by the temperature measuring cable. Combined with preset energy-saving strategies, it autonomously controls the start and stop of the refrigeration unit and intelligently switches between different operating modes such as whole-warehouse cooling mode, four-sided wall cooling mode, grain surface cooling mode, or ventilation mode. Ultimately, it achieves unattended operation during the temperature-controlled grain storage period, avoiding energy waste caused by the unit running idling all day. After the cloud management platform issues an execution command, the edge node will receive real-time feedback on the execution results. The edge node will then aggregate the data to generate command-execution-effect data, which will be uploaded to the cloud management platform. The cloud management platform will optimize the decision-making model based on the feedback data, forming a continuous improvement cycle of platform strategy iteration and edge node execution optimization. The terminal device has the ability to resume operation even when the network is down. When the network is down, it automatically switches to local control mode and runs independently based on the pre-stored cloud management platform policy, synchronously caching the running data. After the network is restored, the terminal device automatically re-uploads the cached data to the cloud. After the cloud completes the data re-entry and policy calibration, it updates and issues optimization instructions to ensure that the linkage is not interrupted and the data is not lost during the network downtime.

[0007] When the control terminal detects that the highest temperature in the central area of ​​the warehouse is greater than the set threshold, the whole warehouse cooling mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, return air valve and fan. The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve in the static pressure box. The refrigeration unit delivers cold air to the air supply ground cage. The low temperature airflow penetrates vertically upward along the ground cage holes to the deep layer of the grain pile, quickly reducing the temperature of the deep grain. When the control terminal detects that the highest temperature of the temperature measuring points around the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, it executes the four-sided wall cooling mode. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan and return air valve. The control terminal opens the air valves in the two side wall cage areas inside the static pressure box to deliver low-temperature airflow to the gap area between the silo wall and the grain pile, ensuring that the high temperature area around the silo wall is quickly circulated and cooled, and reducing the temperature difference. When the highest temperature at the surface temperature measurement point of the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, the grain surface cooling mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan and return air valve. The control terminal opens the wall cage air valve and grain surface air valve near the grain surface air valve in the static pressure box. Cold air is evenly delivered to the surface grain through the air supply pipe arranged above the grain surface. At the same time, through the return air design of the grain surface area, the hot air after heat exchange on the surface is removed in time, which quickly reduces the surface temperature and reduces the temperature difference. When the control terminal detects that the temperature inside the warehouse is higher than the set threshold for the outside temperature and the humidity inside the warehouse is lower than the set threshold, the ventilation mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to turn on the fan and fresh air valve to slowly and evenly deliver air. The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve. The ventilation mode introduces low-temperature dry air from outside the warehouse and delivers it slowly and evenly to the deep grain pile, grain surface and warehouse walls through the end of the full warehouse coverage, thereby reducing the overall temperature of the grain pile and reducing mechanical refrigeration energy consumption.

[0008] The circulation mode is divided into fumigation circulation and uniform temperature circulation. Fumigation circulation is suitable for grain fumigation. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to turn on the fans and return air valves. Simultaneously, the frequency of the unit's supply air fan is adjusted according to different varieties, and the ground cage air valves are opened to slowly and evenly deliver air, ensuring the fumigation agent fully covers the grain from top to bottom, achieving complete penetration. When the average temperature of the grain pile has reached the safe threshold, but the temperature difference between different areas exceeds the set value, the aim is to use the internal cold source to balance the temperature difference between areas. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to turn on the fans and return air valves, and opens the ground cage air valves to slowly and evenly deliver air to the deep layers, surface, and walls of the grain pile, forming a closed circulation within the warehouse. This utilizes airflow convection to break the stratification phenomenon of hot air rising and cold air sinking, reducing the temperature difference between areas and avoiding ineffective energy consumption.

[0009] The aforementioned intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system is further characterized by: The edge node control terminal supports the analysis of detected grain temperature, air temperature and humidity, warehouse temperature and humidity, and moisture parameters. It also supports AI decision-making by connecting to large models, providing targeted grain storage control strategies and guidance for optimizing the storage environment. Each edge node control terminal is equipped with a smart meter to collect data on the power consumption of the equipment. It can automatically collect and summarize data on a daily, monthly, and yearly basis, automatically generate daily / weekly / monthly energy consumption reports, and automatically calculate key indicators to facilitate later operation cost analysis and parameter setting adjustments. The edge node control terminal sends commands to the electricity meter, and the electricity meter sends the detected electricity data back to the edge node control terminal. The edge node control terminal parses the data and displays it on the interface, or uploads it to the cloud management platform.

[0010] The control terminal monitors the temperature, humidity, moisture content, and equipment operating status of each layer of the grain pile in real time. It can automatically switch between cooling, ventilation, and internal circulation functions based on the data, and coordinate with the terminal equipment to accurately execute commands. The control terminal will intelligently regulate the operation of the unit to save energy, support unattended operation, and maintain data communication with the terminal to ensure stable and controllable low-temperature grain storage throughout the warehouse.

[0011] The cloud management platform uses real-time data uploaded by the control terminal to intelligently analyze and determine the current grain storage status, generate corresponding control commands, and send them to the edge nodes. After receiving the commands, the edge nodes confirm that they are correct and then drive the devices to execute them. The control terminal collects operating parameters, grain condition sensor data, and environmental data from the equipment in real time. After preprocessing, the data is uploaded to the cloud management platform via an encrypted transmission protocol. The cloud management platform simultaneously distributes system configuration parameters and algorithm models to the edge nodes to ensure that the data baseline between the terminal and the platform is consistent.

[0012] The aforementioned intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system is further characterized by: The pipeline layout is carried out for the granary in the system. The pipeline consists of a forced-air floor duct 3, a static pressure box 2, a forced-air pipeline 1, and grain surface pipeline equipment. At the same time, electric control valves 9 are installed in the static pressure box 2, the forced-air pipeline 1, and the static pressure box 2 equipment. The refrigeration unit 6 is installed outside the granary. During the operation of the system, according to the selection of the ventilation / refrigeration mode, the control terminal 7 automatically opens the corresponding electric control valves 9 and the floor duct air valve 8; according to the height of the grain pile and the length, width, and height of the granary, different refrigeration units are used for ventilation and temperature reduction. The ventilation floor ducts 4 are installed with different spacing according to the actual size of the granary and the opening size; the granary is divided into four areas, and a static pressure box 2 is set in each area. The static pressure box 2 is connected to the forced-air floor duct 3, the ventilation floor duct 4, and the return air pipeline 5. Three electric control valves 9 are installed inside the static pressure box 2. By switching the middle ventilation floor duct 4 area for refrigeration, the central temperature control mode is realized. By switching the two side forced-air floor duct 3 areas for refrigeration, the surrounding wall mode is realized. Through the control of the electric control valve 9, it can be connected to the grain surface pipeline for refrigeration to realize the grain surface mode; quarter-circle forced-air floor ducts 3 are installed on the surrounding walls to realize the temperature reduction of the grain around the walls during ventilation or refrigeration to achieve the surrounding wall temperature control mode.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage system adopts the technology of "cloud management platform" + "edge node" + "terminal device", and the AI grain condition measurement and control driven by both mechanism and data. The grain condition is automatically detected every 3 hours. When the detected grain temperature exceeds the set threshold, the system implements the refrigeration mode, ventilation mode, or internal circulation mode through the refrigeration unit to control the temperature of the grain pile. The system supports standardized operations at different times, while achieving water and quality preservation of grains and reducing grain loss. At the same time, the system comes with an intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage control terminal, which can realize alarm prompts for high grain temperature, equipment failures, etc., and can collect, monitor, and perform AI data analysis in real time, record and analyze the energy consumption data of the granary. The system can be equipped with functions such as gas detection and intelligent ventilation. In addition, under the low-temperature mode, fumigation is avoided, the increase rate of the fatty acid value of grains and the loss rate of flavor substances are reduced, realizing "aging freeze and freshness lock" of stored grains.

[0014] The core function of the intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage system lies in the linkage between the control terminal and the grain condition measurement and control system. The grain condition measurement and control system provides the temperature of each point in the grain pile, as well as the temperature / humidity, moisture, etc. inside and outside the granary. Through the processing of the data, zoning management is carried out to realize the linkage control of single-zone equipment and adjust the grain temperature in real time to meet the requirements of low-temperature grain storage. According to factors such as grain types and storage conditions, a linkage control strategy is formulated. When the grain condition monitoring system detects abnormal temperature and humidity, the linkage control strategy is automatically triggered to adjust the refrigeration unit and ventilation equipment of the intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage system. The linkage control strategy is embedded in the management software of the grain condition monitoring system and the intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage system to realize the automatic execution and monitoring of the strategy. At the same time, a manual control function is provided for manual intervention in special situations.

[0015] (1) Excellent overall performance The control terminal integrates four major functions: refrigeration unit control, air valve control, intelligent grain condition monitoring and control, and energy consumption detection, enabling comprehensive monitoring and precise control of the grain storage environment. The various functional modules can work efficiently and collaboratively, automatically adjusting their operating status based on the actual conditions within the grain silo to ensure the grain storage environment is always at its optimal state.

[0016] (2) Advanced technology application The control terminal adopts an advanced ARM architecture domestically produced edge terminal, ensuring stable operation and system security. It features AI analysis capabilities, processing sensor data to monitor key parameters such as temperature, humidity, and moisture content inside and outside the grain silo in real time, providing data support for precise control. Simultaneously, it controls the variable frequency refrigeration and ventilation equipment of the refrigeration unit, rapidly reducing the temperature of the grain pile, effectively preventing problems such as grain overheating and mold growth, and extending the storage period.

[0017] (3) Intelligent management The control terminal is equipped with intelligent control functions, which can automatically adjust the operating status of ventilation, fumigation, and cooling equipment based on grain condition monitoring data, achieving intelligent management. Simultaneously, it transmits data to a remote monitoring platform, allowing managers to view environmental parameters and equipment operating status inside and outside the grain silo in real time, promptly identifying and addressing problems. The system can perform in-depth analysis of the collected data, predict trends in the grain storage environment, and issue early warnings for abnormal situations, providing decision support for managers. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the warehouse pipeline layout of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial detailed layout of the warehouse piping of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the interior of the static pressure chamber of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a multi-view schematic diagram of the static pressure chamber of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply cage of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the air supply ground cage of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Air supply duct; 2-Static pressure box; 3-Air supply cage; 4-Ventilation cage; 5-Return air duct; 6-Refrigeration unit; 7-Control terminal; 8-Cage air valve; 9-Electric control valve.

[0025] Figure 7This is a flowchart of the ventilation mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the grain surface cooling mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the cooling process of the four-sided ring wall of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the whole-warehouse cooling process for the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the control terminal for the manually operated intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the fumigation circulation mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the uniform temperature circulation mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a diagram of the control terminal operation interface of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of grain condition analysis at the control terminal of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 16 This is a flowchart of the power detection process for the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of this invention adopts a "cloud management platform + edge node + terminal device" architecture. The cloud management platform is responsible for data aggregation, intelligent processing, in-depth analysis, visualization, and decision command issuance. Edge nodes have independent grain condition monitoring and warehouse equipment control capabilities, supporting data caching and resume transmission during network outages to ensure business continuity. The cloud management platform controls the terminal devices through a control cabinet to ensure system stability. The edge node control terminal can flexibly operate offline through a human-machine interface to achieve local intelligent control, monitoring and controlling front-end devices (grain condition, window, and fan functions; the edge node control terminal will connect to all equipment in the warehouse, providing a unified control interface to various platforms). The terminal device integrates four devices: a grain flour air conditioner, a grain cooler, a ventilation fan, and a circulating fan, forming an integrated execution terminal.

[0037] In this embodiment, the terms cloud management platform, low-temperature grain storage platform, cloud platform, and low-temperature warehouse control platform have the same meaning. The terms edge node, edge node control terminal, edge control terminal, smart zone low-temperature grain storage control terminal, smart zone low-temperature control terminal, low-temperature grain storage control terminal, control terminal, control system cabinet, and control cabinet have the same meaning. Terminal equipment refers to equipment such as grain condition detection units, temperature measuring cables, temperature and humidity sensors, refrigeration units, grain flour mill air conditioners, grain coolers, ventilation fans, circulating fans, refrigeration compressors, return air valves, and fans.

[0038] The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of this invention uses AI grain condition intelligent monitoring and control technology for equipment linkage and automatic temperature control. During operation, it uses sensor data to intelligently zone and layer ventilation and cooling. By adjusting the frequency, air volume and air duct of the refrigeration unit and pipeline, it achieves temperature control of the grain surface, the surrounding walls, the center and the whole warehouse circulation ventilation mode. It achieves the goals of dynamic heat insulation and blocking, targeted ventilation and frequency conversion cooling in each zone / layer, and finally realizes intelligent green low-temperature grain storage that is "unattended, retains water and reduces consumption, freezes and locks in freshness and eliminates the need for fumigation".

[0039] (1) Four types of equipment: The refrigeration unit integrates four devices: a grain and flour mill air conditioner, a grain cooler, a ventilation fan, and a circulating fan, forming a unified execution terminal. By switching operating modes and coordinating with the air supply cage, ductwork, and valves, the refrigeration unit achieves a combined cooling, ventilation, and internal circulation operation. The grain and flour mill air conditioner focuses on regulating the surface environment of the grain pile, delivering cool air to the surface area through grain and flour ducts to form a cool air cover layer to suppress temperature rise caused by radiant heat from the silo roof. The grain cooler provides continuous cooling capacity for the refrigeration mode by stably outputting low-temperature airflow. The ventilation fan handles the air exchange between the inside and outside of the silo, introducing low-temperature, dry air from outside the silo in ventilation mode, achieving overall cooling and dehumidification of the grain pile through the duct system. The circulating fan drives a closed-loop circulation of air within the silo in medium-circulation mode, promoting a more even distribution of cooling capacity between the center, walls, and surface of the grain pile, reducing regional temperature differences.

[0040] The refrigeration unit is flexible in application. The four types of equipment are linked through the control terminal to match different operating modes and temperature control requirements as needed. It can evenly regulate the temperature of the wall surface, grain surface, and grain pile, forming the core execution unit for low-temperature grain storage.

[0041] (2) Three operating modes: refrigeration mode, ventilation mode, and circulation mode: When the refrigeration unit is running, it manages the data in zones based on ambient temperature and humidity, warehouse temperature and humidity, and temperature measurement data. It automatically controls the unit equipment and ventilation valves in the corresponding areas, controls the start and stop of the unit, and controls the opening and closing of valves in the surrounding and central areas, thereby realizing the switching of different operating modes such as whole warehouse cooling, surrounding wall cooling, and grain surface cooling.

[0042] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic illustration of the warehouse pipeline layout of the present invention.

[0043] Piping Scheme: The system's storage area is piping-equipped with a system consisting of an air supply cage 3, a static pressure box 2, an air supply duct 1, and grain surface piping. Electric control valves 9 are installed within the static pressure box 2, air supply duct 1, and static pressure box 2. Refrigeration units 6 are installed outside the storage area. During system operation, the control terminal 7 automatically opens the corresponding electric control valves 9 and the air supply cage valves 8 based on the selected ventilation / cooling mode. Different refrigeration units are used for ventilation and cooling based on the grain pile height and the storage area's length and width. The spacing of the ventilation cages 4 varies depending on the actual storage area dimensions and opening sizes. The facility is divided into four zones, each equipped with a static pressure chamber 2. The static pressure chamber 2 is connected to the air supply cage 3, ventilation cage 4, and return air duct 5. Three electrically controlled valves 9 are installed inside the static pressure chamber 2. Switching the central ventilation cage 4 zone enables cooling in a central temperature control mode, while switching the two outer air supply cage 3 zones enables cooling in a perimeter wall mode. The valves 9 can also be connected to the grain surface duct for cooling in a grain surface mode. Quarter-circle air supply cages 3 are installed on the surrounding walls to lower the grain temperature around the walls during ventilation or cooling, achieving a perimeter wall temperature control mode. The selection of the entire ventilation duct is automatically controlled by the control terminal, which detects grain temperature data and, based on the collected atmospheric and grain pile temperature, humidity, and moisture data, automatically controls the refrigeration units within the storage area. Figure 3 This is a diagram of the interior of the static pressure chamber of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a multi-view schematic diagram of the static pressure chamber of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial detailed layout of the warehouse piping of the present invention.

[0045] Refrigeration working method

[0046] The cooling operation mode uses the cold air output by the refrigeration unit as the medium, and achieves targeted temperature control through air duct regulation. It is mostly used for cooling and temperature reduction in summer.

[0047] Whole warehouse cooling mode When the highest temperature in the central area of ​​the warehouse exceeds the set threshold, the entire warehouse cooling mode is activated. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit 6 to start, along with the return air valve and fan. The control terminal also opens the floor vent valve 8 in the static pressure box 2, allowing the refrigeration unit to deliver cold air to the supply floor vent 3. The low-temperature airflow penetrates vertically upwards along the floor vent holes into the depths of the grain pile, reaching the central area and rapidly reducing the temperature of the deeper grain layers. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply cage of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply cage connection for the present invention. It shows the four-sided cooling mode. When the highest temperature detected at the temperature measuring points around the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, the surrounding wall cooling mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration unit 6, the fan and the return air valve. The control terminal opens the air valves in the cage area of ​​the two side walls inside the static pressure box 2 to deliver low-temperature airflow to the gap area between the silo wall and the grain pile, which counteracts the local temperature rise caused by heat transfer from the silo wall and ensures rapid circulation and cooling of the high-temperature area around the silo wall, thus reducing the temperature difference.

[0048] Grain surface cooling mode When the highest temperature at the surface temperature measurement point of the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, the grain surface cooling mode is activated. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit 6 to start, along with the fan and return air valve. The control terminal also opens the wall-cage air valve and grain surface air valve near the grain surface air valve in the static pressure box 2. Cold air is evenly distributed to the surface grain through air ducts arranged above the grain surface, forming a stable cold air cover layer on the grain surface, blocking the conduction of radiant heat from the silo roof to the grain pile surface. Simultaneously, the grain surface area return air design promptly removes the hot air after heat exchange on the surface, rapidly reducing the surface temperature and minimizing the temperature difference.

[0049] Ventilation working method Triggered when the external ambient temperature is suitable, this is an energy-saving cooling mode utilizing natural external cold sources, typically used for ventilation in autumn and winter. Ventilation mode is activated when the detected internal temperature exceeds a set threshold for the external temperature and the internal humidity falls below a set threshold. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit 6 to start the fan and fresh air valve to slowly and evenly distribute air, and opens the ground cage air valve 8 via the control terminal. The ventilation mode introduces low-temperature, dry air from outside the warehouse, which is then slowly and evenly distributed to the deep grain pile, grain surface, and surrounding warehouse walls through the fully covered end caps, reducing the overall temperature of the grain pile and minimizing mechanical refrigeration energy consumption.

[0050] Circulation working mode The circulation modes are divided into fumigation circulation and isothermal circulation.

[0051] Fumigation circulation Fumigation circulation is suitable for grain fumigation. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the fan and return air valve. At the same time, the frequency of the unit's air supply fan is adjusted according to different varieties, and the ground cage air valve is opened to slowly and evenly deliver air, so that the fumigation drug can fully cover the upper and lower layers of the grain and penetrate completely.

[0052] Uniform temperature circulation When the average temperature of the grain pile has reached the safety threshold but there is a large temperature difference in each area, it aims to use the cold source in the warehouse to balance the temperature difference in each area. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to turn on the fan and the return air damper, and opens the floor air damper through the control terminal to slowly and evenly supply air to the deep layer, surface layer and wall area of the grain pile, forming a closed circulation in the warehouse. By means of air convection, the stratification phenomenon of hot air rising and cold air sinking is broken, the temperature difference in each area is reduced, and ineffective energy consumption is avoided.

[0053] The low-temperature grain storage in the entire warehouse realizes the coordination of temperature control in three modes: center-ring wall-grain surface under the refrigeration mode through the precise adjustment of the refrigeration / ventilation of each pipeline by the damper and the combined damper zoning distribution. In the ventilation function and the circulation function, through the damper switching and equipment linkage logic, the air exchange cooling inside and outside the warehouse and the balance of the cold quantity circulation inside the warehouse are realized respectively, and finally an efficient and precise low-temperature grain storage environment control system is constructed.

[0054] The edge node control terminal, that is, the intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage control terminal, adopts edge node computing technology to centrally control various devices in the intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage system. Through the operation interface of the control terminal or the remote control terminal, the management personnel can turn on, turn off or adjust the operating status of the equipment at any time, realizing the unified, intelligent and automated management of the entire grain storage system.

[0055] The control terminal box is a hot-dip galvanized box, a touch-integrated edge computing terminal, with an ARM architecture, energy consumption detection, and multiple groups of valve control and signal feedback. It is used to control the refrigeration unit, realize the linkage function between the intelligent zoning low-temperature grain storage system and the grain condition measurement and control system, automatically control the start and stop of the equipment according to the data detected by the temperature measurement cable, and switch different operating modes such as whole-warehouse cooling, ring-wall cooling and grain-surface cooling, realizing unattended operation, including the terminal application program. It supports TCP / IP protocol for data transmission and has a unified JSON message format for uploading data. It can realize the unified management and intelligent control of terminal devices and connect to the upper-layer cloud platform. It supports flexible protocol interface configuration function, can access any third-party sensor and peripheral protocol, is convenient for using old equipment and saves costs. It supports multi-platform access, standard protocol interface, and flexible protocol interface configuration. When the platform maintenance or network failure causes the control terminal to be offline, it can be operated independently through the control terminal. All data and historical records are stored in the control terminal. When the platform or network returns to normal, the control terminal will automatically re-upload the data after logging in to the platform. The control terminal has a strict permission management function, combining the lock screen password, operation control password, configuration password, etc. to form a complete permission mechanism.

[0056] The grain monitoring and control system for the upgraded warehouse will undergo a comprehensive upgrade. The upgraded system will be able to capture subtle changes in grain temperature, humidity, moisture content, and internal and external temperature and humidity during the operation of the refrigeration unit. By optimizing the data acquisition frequency and monitoring point coverage, it will achieve accurate and comprehensive observation of grain condition data, ensuring that the temperature control effect of the unit can be directly traced, and providing data support for grain storage safety.

[0057] To achieve energy-efficient operation, the control terminal is deeply integrated with energy-saving operation logic. It automatically reads ambient temperature data and grain temperature information uploaded by temperature measuring cables. Combined with preset energy-saving strategies, it autonomously controls the start and stop of the refrigeration unit and intelligently switches between different operating modes such as centralized cooling of the entire silo, directional cooling of the return air wall, and cooling of the grain surface. Ultimately, it achieves unattended operation during the temperature-controlled grain storage cycle, fundamentally avoiding energy waste caused by the refrigeration unit running idly around the clock. Figure 11 The diagram shows the control terminal flowchart of the manual operation intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0058] The system also features zoned operation control within the storage area, allowing for targeted adjustment of equipment operation in corresponding zones based on grain temperature differences. This minimizes unnecessary energy consumption and further reduces the overall operating cost of low-temperature grain storage. Regarding data visualization and equipment monitoring, the system incorporates an energy consumption monitoring and calculation module, supporting the intuitive presentation of historical equipment runtime and energy consumption comparison data across different periods in chart form. This facilitates managers' rapid understanding of energy consumption patterns. Simultaneously, a three-dimensional digital twin model of the equipment is built, dynamically synchronizing unit operating status 24 / 7 to ensure the continuity of experimental data recording and full-process traceability, thereby enhancing the system's intelligent management level.

[0059] The control terminal connects the refrigeration units of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system to the monitoring and control host, enabling remote control. The control terminal can automatically adjust the operating status of the refrigeration units based on temperature and humidity data monitored by the grain condition monitoring system. Similarly, the ventilation equipment (fans, etc.) is connected to the monitoring and control host for remote control. The control terminal can also automatically adjust the ventilation rate and duration based on temperature and humidity data monitored by the grain condition monitoring system.

[0060] The control terminal issues a command to detect grain conditions. After receiving the command, the grain condition detection unit detects data such as temperature, humidity, and moisture of the temperature measuring cable and returns the detected grain condition information to the control terminal. The control terminal parses the data and displays it on the terminal interface. It can also upload the data to the low-temperature grain storage platform. Based on the parsed grain condition data, commands are created to execute working modes such as refrigeration, ventilation, and circulation.

[0061] The grain condition information display can be drilled down to show recent temperature curves, including warehouse temperature, air temperature, and average temperature.

[0062] The control terminal analyzes grain condition data and executes operating modes such as cooling and ventilation. The operating mode can be set by clicking the button on the terminal screen.

[0063] Figure 14 This is a diagram of the control terminal operation interface of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of grain condition analysis at the control terminal of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0065] The specific work mode and process are as follows: When the highest temperature in the central area of ​​the warehouse exceeds the set threshold, the whole warehouse cooling mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, return air valve, and fan. The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve in the static pressure box, and the refrigeration unit delivers cold air to the air supply ground cage. The low-temperature airflow penetrates vertically upward along the ground cage holes to the deep layers of the grain pile, quickly reducing the temperature of the deep grain.

[0066] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the whole-warehouse cooling process for the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention. The specific steps of the whole-warehouse cooling mode are as follows: Step 1: The control terminal detects the highest temperature in the central area of ​​the warehouse; Step 2: If the highest temperature is less than a set threshold, the whole-warehouse cooling mode ends; if the highest temperature is greater than the set threshold, proceed to Step 3; Step 3: The whole-warehouse cooling mode is started; Step 4: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, return air valve, and fan; Step 5: The control terminal opens the air valve of the ground cage in the static pressure box; Step 6: The air conditioning unit sends cold air into the air supply ground cage; Step 7: The cold air penetrates upwards through the holes of the ground cage to penetrate the deep layers of the grain pile; Step 8: The cold air reaches the central area of ​​the grain pile directly; Step 9: The temperature of the deep grain is rapidly reduced.

[0067] When the highest temperature detected at the temperature measuring points around the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, the surrounding wall cooling mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan and return air valve. The control terminal opens the air valves in the cage area of ​​the two side walls in the static pressure box to deliver low temperature airflow to the gap area between the silo wall and the grain pile, so as to ensure rapid circulation and cooling of the high temperature area around the silo wall and reduce the temperature difference.

[0068] Figure 9This is a flowchart of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system with surrounding wall cooling according to the present invention. The specific steps of the surrounding wall cooling mode are as follows: Step 1: The control terminal detects the highest temperature at the temperature measuring points around the grain pile; Step 2: If the highest temperature is less than a set threshold, the surrounding wall cooling mode ends; if the highest temperature is greater than the set threshold, proceed to Step 3; Step 3: The surrounding wall cooling mode is activated; Step 4: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan, and return air valve; Step 5: The control terminal opens the air valves in the cage areas on both sides of the static pressure box; Step 6: Low-temperature airflow is delivered to the gap between the silo wall and the grain pile; Step 7: Localized heating due to heat transfer from the silo wall is counteracted; Step 8: Rapid cooling is achieved around the silo wall; Step 9: The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the grain pile is reduced.

[0069] When the highest temperature measured at the surface temperature point of the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, the grain surface cooling mode is activated. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan, and return air valve. The control terminal also opens the wall cage valve and grain surface valve near the grain surface valve in the static pressure box. Cold air is evenly distributed to the surface grain through air supply ducts arranged above the grain surface. At the same time, the return air design in the grain surface area promptly removes the hot air after heat exchange on the surface, quickly reducing the surface temperature and minimizing the temperature difference.

[0070] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the grain surface cooling mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention. The specific steps of the grain surface cooling mode are as follows: Step 1: The control terminal detects the highest temperature at the temperature measuring point on the surface of the grain pile; Step 2: If the highest temperature is less than a set threshold, the grain surface cooling mode ends; if the highest temperature is greater than the set threshold, proceed to Step 3; Step 3: The grain surface cooling mode is started; Step 4: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan, and return air valve; Step 5: The control terminal opens the wall cage air valve and grain surface air valve near the grain surface air valve in the static pressure box; Step 6: Cold air is evenly delivered to the surface grain through the air supply duct above the grain surface; Step 7: The hot air after heat exchange on the surface is removed through the return air design in the grain surface area; Step 8: The surface temperature is rapidly reduced; Step 9: The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the grain pile is reduced.

[0071] When the temperature inside the storage silo exceeds the set threshold for the outside temperature, and the humidity inside the silo falls below the set threshold, ventilation mode is activated. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to turn on the fans and fresh air valves to slowly and evenly distribute air, and also opens the floor vent valves via the control terminal. Ventilation mode introduces low-temperature, dry air from outside the silo and distributes it slowly and evenly to the deep grain pile, the grain surface, and the perimeter of the silo walls through the fully covered end caps, reducing the overall temperature of the grain pile and minimizing mechanical refrigeration energy consumption.

[0072] Figure 7This is a flowchart of the ventilation mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention. The specific steps of the ventilation mode are as follows: Step 1: The control terminal detects the temperature inside and outside the storage area; Step 2: If the temperature inside the storage area is lower than the set threshold for the outside temperature, ventilation is not performed, and the ventilation mode ends; if the temperature inside the storage area is higher than the set threshold for the outside temperature, proceed to Step 3; Step 3: Detect whether the humidity inside the storage area is lower than the set humidity threshold. If yes, proceed to Step 4; otherwise, ventilation is not performed, and the ventilation mode ends; Step 4: Enter the ventilation mode; Step 5: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the fan and fresh air valve, slowly and evenly delivering air; Step 6: The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve; Step 7: Introduce low-temperature dry air from outside the storage area; Step 8: Evenly deliver air to the end of the entire storage area; Step 9: Reduce the overall temperature of the grain pile through three methods: deep grain pile, grain surface, and perimeter of the storage walls; Step 10: Reduce mechanical refrigeration energy consumption.

[0073] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the fumigation circulation mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention. The fumigation circulation mode is suitable for grain fumigation. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the fan and return air valve. The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve to slowly and evenly deliver air, so that the fumigation agent can fully cover the upper and lower layers of the grain and penetrate completely.

[0074] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the temperature-equalization circulation mode of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of this invention. When the average temperature of the grain pile has reached the safe threshold, but the temperature difference between different areas is large, the aim is to use the cold source inside the storage to balance the temperature difference between areas. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the fan and return air valve, and opens the ground cage air valve through the control terminal to slowly and evenly send air to the deep layer, surface layer and storage wall area of ​​the grain pile, forming a closed circulation inside the storage. By using airflow convection to break the stratification phenomenon of hot air rising and cold air sinking, the temperature difference between different areas is reduced, and ineffective energy consumption is avoided.

[0075] The control terminal sends commands to the electricity meter, which then sends the detected electricity data back to the control terminal. The terminal parses the data and displays it on its interface, or it can send it to the low-temperature grain storage platform. The specific process is shown in Figure 16. Figure 16 This is a flowchart of the power detection process for the control terminal of the intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system of the present invention.

[0076] The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system in this embodiment is built with a B / S architecture monitoring system. It communicates with the terminal via 4G or network, has the same operating permissions as the terminal, automatically archives operation records, and supports centralized management and control of multiple warehouses.

[0077] Overall coordination and control has the following functions: 1. Twin Simulation Intuitively display device information through twin simulation, can display the operating status of the unit 24 hours a day, and increase the continuity and traceability of test data. Through data and mechanism drive, realize the twin display of the warehouse and the three-dimensional twin display of equipment, and realize the linkage control with the grain situation measurement and control. The system has the basic function of real-time detecting and analyzing the grain situation, and displays real-time detection data such as grain temperature data, indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, air temperature and humidity, moisture, and maximum temperature.

[0078] The twin simulation page includes functions such as the grain situation data of a certain granary detected recently, the operating data of the refrigeration unit, the three-dimensional warehouse model, real-time video, single-device control, and enabling / disabling of the temperature control plan.

[0079] The three-dimensional warehouse supports multi-dimensional dynamic combination viewing of the grain situation in the warehouse according to rows, columns, layers, temperature range, grain pile area, and the orientation of the refrigeration unit.

[0080] Through the temperature, humidity, and moisture button in the upper right corner, you can view the latest temperature, humidity, and moisture grain situation detection report.

[0081] Single-device control supports turning on and off a single device.

[0082] Linkage control supports enabling or disabling the temperature control plan applied to this warehouse. Click the enable or disable button to send the control instruction.

[0083] 1) Twin simulation information display The system displays the grain situation cloud map of a single warehouse in a three-dimensional view, supports viewing by time filtering, and can view the temperature of each row / column / layer of the warehouse separately, clearly showing the temperature situation in the warehouse. Among them, green represents normal temperature, red represents the highest temperature, blue represents the lowest temperature, and orange represents regional high temperature. You can also set the temperature range by yourself to display the grain temperature, display the grain temperature according to the area (outer area, middle area, central area), and display the grain temperature according to the orientation (southeast corner, southwest corner, northeast corner, northwest corner).

[0084] 2) Twin simulation remote control The twin simulation can also view the detection situation of a single warehouse according to the warehouse, including detailed information such as temperature and humidity, moisture, gas, windows, fans, and refrigeration units. Online control the switch status of the equipment in each warehouse, including the grain situation detection device, gas detection device, the switch of the warehouse window, the fan switch, the switch of the refrigeration unit, and temperature control. You can also directly select the temperature control plan (such as the summer temperature control plan) for temperature control. Users can view the temperature data in the granary in real time through the remote monitoring platform and remotely control the relevant equipment, which can help evaluate the grain situation in the granary, so that the management personnel can understand the change trend and abnormal situation of the grain temperature at any time and deal with it in time, making the grain storage safer.

[0085] 2. Temperature control plan The temperature control solution utilizes big data and artificial intelligence technologies to conduct in-depth analysis and mining of temperature data, discover the patterns and trends of temperature changes, and thus formulate temperature control strategies.

[0086] The system supports custom temperature control schemes, allowing users to select and execute different schemes. Setting a temperature control scheme includes refrigeration conditions (start temperature, refrigeration conditions, target temperature, temperature fluctuation difference), air supply conditions (minimum temperature difference, maximum temperature difference, temperature fluctuation difference, start-up conditions), and alarm outputs. Detailed information about the temperature control scheme's execution record can be viewed. The system executes the pre-defined scheme, and after execution, performs data analysis to continuously iterate and optimize the scheme. The system automatically records real-time temperature and humidity data inside and outside the grain silo, as well as the operating parameters of the refrigeration equipment. Analysis of historical data provides a scientific basis for optimizing the temperature control scheme.

[0087] 3. Application Status The application status recorder tracks the current temperature control scheme used in the warehouse, recording information such as grain type, warehouse status, operating temperature, and target temperature. Users can view detailed information about the applied temperature control scheme, including cooling settings, air supply settings, and alarm outputs. Remote control, temperature setting, and mode selection are supported for the equipment within the temperature control scheme.

[0088] Comprehensive display of application status: The application can collect real-time data on temperature and humidity inside and outside the warehouse, as well as operating parameters (including equipment start / stop status) of temperature-controlled equipment such as refrigeration units and ventilation equipment. The system provides a historical data query function, allowing staff to select a specific time period to view historical data such as warehouse temperature and equipment operating parameters. By comparing data from different time periods, the system can analyze grain condition trends and the long-term effectiveness of the temperature control scheme. It also allows for remote control of the refrigeration units, viewing the current grain temperature inside the warehouse, and displaying the current refrigeration unit operating mode, including wall cage mode, floor cage mode, forced air mode, and fresh air mode.

[0089] The application status can comprehensively, in real time and intuitively present the activation status of temperature control schemes in each warehouse and related key information, providing strong support for grain storage management decisions and ensuring the safety and quality stability of grain storage.

[0090] 4. Execution Record The execution log is used to statistically analyze the historical records of each temperature control plan and display detailed temperature and humidity information of the warehouse after the plan is implemented, including the highest temperature, lowest temperature, average temperature, outdoor temperature and humidity, and indoor temperature and humidity. It supports viewing detailed records of temperature control plans implemented in different warehouses, including specific grain condition information (highest temperature, lowest temperature, average temperature, outdoor humidity, and indoor temperature and humidity), displaying high-temperature point information by row, column, layer, and region. It also supports viewing hourly trend charts of high-temperature points in a single region and regional temperature consumption analysis curves.

[0091] 5. Operational Analysis The operation analysis displays the temperature and energy consumption during the execution of the temperature control solution and presents them in a visual chart format, including regional temperature analysis, regional temperature-time analysis, temperature consumption analysis, and energy consumption reports.

[0092] 1) Regional temperature analysis Regional temperature analysis monitors temperature data in different areas of a grain warehouse over a period of time and visualizes the temperature trends and patterns of different areas (southeast, northeast, southwest, and northwest corners) over time.

[0093] 2) Regional temperature and time analysis Regional temperature and time analysis monitors temperature data in different areas of the grain warehouse, records and analyzes the data over time, and displays the temperature change trends and patterns of different areas (southeast corner, northeast corner, southwest corner, and northwest corner) over time in a visual format.

[0094] 3) Temperature consumption analysis The temperature and energy consumption analysis function is mainly used to monitor and analyze temperature changes and energy consumption during low-temperature grain storage. It displays the grain warehouse air temperature, warehouse temperature, highest temperature, lowest temperature, average temperature and energy consumption in the form of curves, which facilitates data comparison and analysis.

[0095] Temperature consumption analysis can record temperature data of the grain storage environment in real time, and can calculate and analyze the energy consumption data of equipment such as refrigeration and ventilation.

[0096] 4) Energy consumption report The energy consumption report displays the operating records of the low-temperature grain storage equipment in a data report format, including ventilation mode (floor cage mode, wall cage mode, fresh air mode), equipment code, cumulative ventilation duration, and daily energy consumption. Printing and export functions are supported.

[0097] Energy consumption reports allow users to gain a comprehensive understanding of the system's energy consumption, enabling them to develop scientific energy management strategies and reduce operating costs. Furthermore, by comparing energy consumption under different grain storage conditions, the causes of high energy consumption can be identified, and corresponding energy-saving measures can be implemented, such as optimizing refrigeration and ventilation strategies and replacing equipment with more efficient systems.

[0098] 6. Fault Records To comprehensively and accurately record and manage all kinds of equipment failures that occur during system operation.

[0099] When the fault diagnosis module of the equipment in the system issues a fault signal, the system immediately and automatically triggers the fault recording function. The recorded fault information includes the specific time of the fault, the location of the warehouse where the fault occurred, the name of the equipment involved, and the access number. Simultaneously, the recorded faults are categorized according to different standards, including refrigeration equipment faults, ventilation equipment faults, and grain condition monitoring equipment faults, facilitating statistical analysis of faults by management personnel from different perspectives.

[0100] 7. Targeted ventilation The refrigeration unit is connected to the inner cage of the grain silo, controlling the refrigeration and ventilation modes. The control terminal can achieve targeted ventilation and cooling based on temperature differences in different areas of the grain silo. Based on real-time grain condition data analysis, the control terminal autonomously identifies and distinguishes temperature points exceeding 19.5 degrees Celsius. For high-temperature areas in the center of the silo, it activates the central cooling mode for targeted refrigeration; for high-temperature areas on the silo walls, it activates the ring-wall mode for precise cooling; in the circulation mode, the built-in variable frequency fan drives cold air to evenly penetrate the grain layer, eliminating localized temperature differences; when external air conditions are suitable, it intelligently identifies the temperature difference between inside and outside the silo and activates the fresh air mode, directionally introducing natural cold sources for energy-saving cooling; the grain surface mode focuses on temperature control of the grain pile surface, ensuring that the grain surface temperature remains stable within the set range. The entire operation requires no manual operation. The system can automatically determine variable frequency, variable air volume, and variable air duct, targeting airflow to make the temperature of the entire silo more uniform.

[0101] By precisely controlling the start-up, shutdown, and rotation speed of the ventilation equipment, ventilation energy consumption can be significantly reduced, and energy utilization efficiency can be improved. Simultaneously, the system has an automatic adjustment function, capable of automatically adjusting the ventilation strategy according to the environmental conditions within the grain silo, further reducing energy consumption.

[0102] 8. Promote green grain storage The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system aligns with the development direction of green grain storage. By utilizing refrigeration units as a cold source, double-layered underground cages, and above-ground cage ventilation, multi-channel valves, and other methods, it achieves low-temperature storage, reducing environmental pollution and damage. Simultaneously, the system integrates with ventilation and grain condition monitoring equipment to form a comprehensive grain storage environment control system, further enhancing the environmental friendliness and sustainability of grain storage.

[0103] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, these are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A smart zoned low-temperature grain storage system, adopting a "cloud management platform + edge node + terminal device" architecture. The cloud management platform is responsible for data aggregation, intelligent processing, AI deep analysis, visualization, and decision command issuance. The edge nodes have independent grain condition monitoring and warehouse equipment control capabilities, supporting data caching and resume transmission in the event of network outages to ensure business continuity. The terminal devices achieve local intelligent control through flexible offline operation via a human-machine interface, enabling monitoring and control of front-end equipment. Its features include: The cloud management platform, by establishing a linkage mechanism between the refrigeration unit and the grain condition monitoring and control system, automatically reads ambient temperature data and grain temperature information uploaded by the temperature measuring cable. Combined with preset energy-saving strategies, it autonomously controls the start and stop of the refrigeration unit and intelligently switches between different operating modes such as whole-warehouse cooling mode, four-sided wall cooling mode, grain surface cooling mode, ventilation mode, and circulation mode. Ultimately, it achieves unattended operation during the temperature-controlled grain storage cycle, avoiding energy waste caused by the unit running idling all day. After the cloud management platform issues an execution command, the edge node will receive real-time feedback on the execution results. The edge node will then aggregate the data to generate command-execution-effect data, which will be uploaded to the cloud management platform. The cloud management platform will optimize the decision-making model based on the feedback data, forming a continuous improvement cycle of platform strategy iteration and edge node execution optimization. The terminal device has the ability to resume operation even when the network is down. When the network is down, it automatically switches to local control mode and runs independently based on the pre-stored cloud management platform policy, synchronously caching the running data. After the network is restored, the terminal device automatically re-uploads the cached data to the cloud. After the cloud completes the data re-entry and policy calibration, it updates and issues optimization instructions to ensure that the linkage is not interrupted and the data is not lost during the network downtime.

2. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the control terminal detects that the highest temperature in the central area of ​​the warehouse is greater than the set threshold, the whole warehouse cooling mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, return air valve and fan. The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve in the static pressure box. The refrigeration unit delivers cold air to the air supply ground cage. The low temperature airflow penetrates vertically upward along the ground cage holes to the deep layer of the grain pile, quickly reducing the temperature of the deep grain. When the control terminal detects that the highest temperature of the temperature measuring points around the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, it executes the four-sided wall cooling mode. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan and return air valve. The control terminal opens the air valves in the two side wall cage areas inside the static pressure box to deliver low-temperature airflow to the gap area between the silo wall and the grain pile, ensuring that the high temperature area around the silo wall is quickly circulated and cooled, and reducing the temperature difference. When the highest temperature at the surface temperature measurement point of the grain pile exceeds the set threshold, the grain surface cooling mode is executed. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan and return air valve. The control terminal opens the wall cage air valve and grain surface air valve near the grain surface air valve in the static pressure box. Cold air is evenly delivered to the surface grain through the air supply pipe arranged above the grain surface. At the same time, through the return air design of the grain surface area, the hot air after heat exchange on the surface is removed in time, which quickly reduces the surface temperature and reduces the temperature difference. When the control terminal detects that the temperature inside the warehouse is higher than the set threshold for the outside temperature and the humidity inside the warehouse is lower than the set threshold, the ventilation mode is executed. The control terminal refrigeration unit turns on the fan and the fresh air valve to slowly and evenly deliver air. The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve. The ventilation mode introduces low-temperature dry air from outside the warehouse and delivers it slowly and evenly to the deep grain pile, grain surface and warehouse walls through the end of the full warehouse coverage, thereby reducing the overall temperature of the grain pile and reducing mechanical refrigeration energy consumption. The circulation modes are divided into fumigation circulation and isothermal circulation: Fumigation circulation is suitable for grain fumigation. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to turn on the fan and return air valve. At the same time, the frequency of the unit's air supply fan is adjusted according to different varieties, and the ground cage air valve is opened to slowly and evenly deliver air, so that the fumigation drug can fully cover the upper and lower layers of the grain and fully penetrate it. The uniform temperature circulation system aims to balance the temperature difference between different areas when the average temperature of the grain pile has reached the safe threshold but the temperature difference between different areas exceeds the set value. The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to turn on the fan and return air valve, and opens the ground cage air valve through the control terminal to slowly and evenly send air to the deep layer, surface layer and silo wall area of ​​the grain pile, forming a closed circulation inside the silo. By using airflow convection to break the stratification phenomenon of hot air rising and cold air sinking, the temperature difference between different areas is reduced, and ineffective energy consumption is avoided.

3. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge node control terminal supports the analysis of detected grain temperature, air temperature and humidity, and warehouse temperature and humidity parameters. It also supports AI decision-making by connecting to large models, providing targeted grain storage control strategies and guidance for optimizing the storage environment. Each edge node control terminal is equipped with a smart meter to collect data on the power consumption of the equipment. It can automatically collect and summarize data on a daily, monthly, and yearly basis, automatically generate daily / weekly / monthly energy consumption reports, and automatically calculate key indicators to facilitate later operation cost analysis and parameter setting adjustments. The edge node control terminal sends commands to the electricity meter, and the electricity meter sends the detected electricity data back to the edge node control terminal. The edge node control terminal parses the data and displays it on the interface, or uploads it to the cloud management platform.

4. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cloud management platform builds a B / S architecture monitoring system that communicates with terminals via 4G or network, has the same operating permissions as the terminals, automatically archives operation records, and supports centralized management of multiple warehouses.

5. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cloud management platform monitors the temperature, temperature difference and equipment operation status of each layer of the grain pile in real time. It can automatically switch between cooling, ventilation and internal circulation functions based on the data and link the terminal equipment to execute instructions accurately. The cloud management platform will intelligently regulate the operation of the units to save energy, support unattended operation, and maintain data communication with the terminal to ensure stable and controllable low-temperature grain storage throughout the warehouse.

6. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The cloud management platform uses real-time data uploaded by the control terminal to intelligently analyze and determine the current grain storage status, generate corresponding control commands, and send them to the edge nodes. After receiving the commands, the edge nodes confirm that they are correct and then drive the devices to execute them. The control terminal collects operating parameters, grain condition sensor data, and environmental data from the equipment in real time. After preprocessing, the data is uploaded to the cloud management platform via an encrypted transmission protocol. The cloud management platform simultaneously distributes system configuration parameters and algorithm models to the edge nodes to ensure that the data baseline between the terminal and the platform is consistent.

7. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The system's warehouse is designed with a pipeline layout, consisting of an air supply cage (3), a static pressure box (2), an air supply duct (1), and grain surface pipeline equipment. Electric control valves (9) are installed in the static pressure box (2), air supply duct (1), and static pressure box (2). A refrigeration unit (6) is installed outside the warehouse. During system operation, the control terminal (7) automatically opens the corresponding electric control valve (9) and the air supply cage valve (8) according to the selected ventilation / cooling mode. Different refrigeration units are used for ventilation and cooling based on the grain pile height and the warehouse's length and width. The ventilation cage (4) is installed at different intervals according to the actual warehouse dimensions and opening size. The area is divided into four zones, each with a static pressure box (2). The static pressure box (2) is connected to the air supply cage (3), ventilation cage (4), and return air duct (5). Three electric control valves (9) are installed inside the static pressure box (2). The central ventilation cage (4) zone is switched to achieve central temperature control mode, and the two side air supply cages (3) zones are switched to achieve the surrounding wall mode. The electric control valves (9) can be used to connect to the grain surface duct for cooling to achieve the grain surface mode. Quarter-circle air supply cages (3) are installed on the four walls to achieve the surrounding wall temperature control mode by cooling the grain temperature around the walls during ventilation or cooling.

8. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ventilation mode comprises the following steps: Step 1: The control terminal detects the temperature inside and outside the warehouse; Step 2: If the temperature inside the warehouse is lower than the set threshold for the outside temperature, ventilation is not performed, and the ventilation mode ends; if the temperature inside the warehouse is higher than the set threshold for the outside temperature, proceed to Step 3; Step 3: Detect whether the humidity inside the warehouse is lower than the set humidity threshold. If yes, proceed to Step 4; otherwise, ventilation is not performed, and the ventilation mode ends; Step 4: Enter the ventilation mode; Step 5: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the fan and fresh air valve, slowly and evenly delivering air; Step 6: The control terminal opens the ground cage air valve; Step 7: Introduce low-temperature, dry air from outside the warehouse; Step 8: Evenly deliver air throughout the warehouse; Step 9: Reduce the overall temperature of the grain pile through three methods: deep grain pile, grain surface, and perimeter of the warehouse walls; Step 10: Reduce mechanical refrigeration energy consumption.

9. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps of the grain surface cooling mode are as follows: Step 1: The control terminal detects the highest temperature at the temperature measuring point on the surface of the grain pile; Step 2: If the highest temperature is less than the set threshold, the grain surface cooling mode ends; if the highest temperature is greater than the set threshold, Step 3 is executed; Step 3: The grain surface cooling mode is started; Step 4: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan, and return air valve; Step 5: The control terminal opens the wall cage air valve and grain surface air valve near the grain surface air valve in the static pressure box; Step 6: Cold air is evenly delivered to the surface grain through the air supply duct above the grain surface; Step 7: The hot air after heat exchange on the surface is carried away through the return air design in the grain surface area; Step 8: The surface temperature is rapidly reduced; Step 9: The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the grain pile is reduced.

10. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The four-sided wall cooling mode comprises the following steps: Step 1: The control terminal detects the highest temperature at the temperature measuring points around the grain pile; Step 2: If the highest temperature is less than a set threshold, the four-sided wall cooling mode ends; if the highest temperature is greater than the set threshold, Step 3 is executed; Step 3: The four-sided wall cooling mode is activated; Step 4: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, fan, and return air valve; Step 5: The control terminal opens the air valves in the cage areas on both sides of the static pressure box; Step 6: Low-temperature airflow is delivered into the gap between the silo wall and the grain pile; Step 7: Localized heating due to heat transfer from the silo wall is counteracted; Step 8: Rapid cooling is achieved around the silo wall; Step 9: The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the grain pile is reduced.

11. The intelligent zoned low-temperature grain storage system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The whole-warehouse cooling mode comprises the following steps: Step 1: The control terminal detects the highest temperature in the central area of ​​the warehouse; Step 2: If the highest temperature is less than a set threshold, the whole-warehouse cooling mode ends; if the highest temperature is greater than the set threshold, Step 3 is executed; Step 3: The whole-warehouse cooling mode is activated; Step 4: The control terminal controls the refrigeration unit to start the refrigeration compressor, return air valve, and fan; Step 5: The control terminal opens the air valve of the ground cage in the static pressure box; Step 6: The air conditioning unit sends cold air into the air supply ground cage; Step 7: The cold air penetrates upwards through the holes of the ground cage into the depth of the grain pile; Step 8: The cold air reaches the central area of ​​the grain pile directly; Step 9: The temperature of the deep grain is rapidly reduced.

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