Electrolyte suitable for extreme working conditions, lithium metal battery and applications thereof

By constructing a stable weak solvation structure using a low-lithium salt concentration electrolyte, the problems of interface instability and dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries under extreme conditions were solved, achieving high-voltage long-cycle, fast-charging capability and excellent low-temperature performance, thus improving the overall performance of the battery.

CN122118094APending Publication Date: 2026-05-29NANKAI UNIV
View PDF 0 Cites 0 Cited by

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
NANKAI UNIV
Filing Date
2026-02-11
Publication Date
2026-05-29

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing lithium metal batteries face problems such as interface instability, lithium dendrite growth, and severe electrolyte side reactions under extreme conditions such as high voltage, high rate, and extremely low temperature, making it difficult to achieve a balance in overall performance.

Method used

An electrolyte with low lithium salt concentration is used, which consists of lithium salt, main solvent and fluorinated ether diluent. The main solvent is an ether solvent with side chain methyl. By constructing a stable weak solvation structure, the lithium ion solvation structure and interfacial film formation behavior are regulated, thereby inhibiting lithium dendrite growth and reducing the rate of interfacial side reactions.

Benefits of technology

It maintains excellent cycle stability and safety under high voltage, high rate and extremely low temperature conditions, simplifies the design of battery management system, and improves the reliability and versatility of battery system.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

Smart Images

  • Figure CN122118094A_ABST
    Figure CN122118094A_ABST
Patent Text Reader

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of lithium metal batteries, and discloses an electrolyte suitable for extreme working conditions, a lithium metal battery and application of the electrolyte. The electrolyte suitable for extreme working conditions is composed of a lithium salt, a main solvent and a fluorinated ether diluent, the main solvent is an ether solvent with a side chain methyl, the molar concentration of the lithium salt is 0.8-1.5 mol / L, and the volume ratio of the main solvent to the fluorinated ether diluent is 1:0.5-2. ‑1 The electrolyte system disclosed by the application not only reduces the direct chemical corrosion of the fluorinated diluent TTE on lithium metal, but also significantly inhibits the oxidative decomposition of solvent molecules on the positive electrode surface under high pressure through the weak solvation characteristics and moderate anion coordination of DMP; the electrolyte system realizes the synergistic regulation of the solvation structure of lithium ions, the interface film forming behavior and the ion transport kinetics, in-situ constructs a SEI / CEI interface film layer rich in inorganic components and mechanically stable on the surface of a lithium metal negative electrode and a high-nickel positive electrode, and fundamentally inhibits the growth of lithium dendrites, slows down the degradation of the positive electrode structure and reduces the interface side reaction rate.
Need to check novelty before this filing date? Find Prior Art