Method and system for eSIM card number switching

Abstract

The application provides a code number switching method and system of an eSIM card, comprising: obtaining device and network information and sending the device and network information to an eSIM platform; receiving and storing code number switching rules issued by the eSIM platform; obtaining current state information of a terminal; matching the current state information with the code number switching rules; and when the matching is successful, performing corresponding code number switching operations based on the matched code number switching rules. In this way, the eSIM platform generates switching rules and the eSIM card autonomously completes code number switching, so that the existing terminal can have the intelligent multi-code number switching capability without large-scale modification of hardware or software, thereby reducing the development adaptation and overall deployment cost of the terminal, and further improving the networking success rate, stability and overall operation reliability of the Internet of Things device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a method and system for switching the number of an eSIM card. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of IoT technology, eSIM cards, due to their ability to store multiple numbers and support remote management, are widely used in smart meters, connected vehicle devices, industrial terminals, and other scenarios. In practical applications, devices may be located in different geographical locations or at different times, and the coverage quality and stability of different operators' networks vary, thus affecting the device's network connection success rate and communication stability.

[0003] In existing technologies, when an eSIM card stores multiple numbers, the terminal typically selects the appropriate number for access based on the current wireless signal strength or network quality. To adapt to the multi-number capability of eSIM cards, this usually requires deep customization and modification of the IoT terminal's hardware, firmware, or underlying communication protocol stack. This processing method, which heavily relies on the terminal's own computing power and logical judgment, directly leads to high R&D and modification costs and excessively long deployment cycles for IoT devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for switching eSIM card numbers. By generating switching rules through the eSIM platform and having the eSIM card autonomously complete the number switching, existing IoT terminals can have the ability to intelligently switch multiple numbers without large-scale hardware or software modifications. This reduces the R&D and overall deployment costs of terminal devices, thereby improving the network connectivity success rate, stability and overall operational reliability of IoT devices.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for switching the number of an eSIM card, the method comprising: Obtain device and network information and send it to the eSIM platform.

[0006] The system receives and stores number switching rules issued by the eSIM platform; these rules are determined by the eSIM platform through analysis of multiple device and network information received from the eSIM card.

[0007] Obtain the current status information of the terminal.

[0008] Match the current status information with the code number switching rules.

[0009] When a match is successful, the corresponding code number switching operation is executed based on the matched code number switching rule.

[0010] In an optional implementation, the steps of acquiring device and network information and sending the device and network information to the eSIM platform include: The device and network information is collected according to a preset time period; the device and network information includes at least one of the following: device identification information, current network status information, currently used code number information, collection time information, device location information, and continuous operation time of the code number.

[0011] The collected device and network information is sent to the eSIM platform.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the steps of acquiring device and network information and sending the device and network information to the eSIM platform include: When a number change or network change event occurs on the eSIM card, obtain the reason information for the current number change or network change.

[0013] Send the cause information along with current device and network information to the eSIM platform.

[0014] In an optional implementation, the step of obtaining the current status information of the terminal includes: Send proactive commands to the terminal to obtain current time and location information.

[0015] Receive the current time and current location information returned by the terminal.

[0016] Use the current time and current location information as the current status information.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the step of receiving and storing the number switching rules issued by the eSIM platform includes: Number switching rules are stored in the non-volatile storage area of ​​the eSIM card; each number switching rule includes the validity conditions, activation method, target number, priority policy and conflict policy.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the step of matching the current status information with the code switching rules includes: Iterate through each stored code number switching rule.

[0019] Determine whether the current status information meets the valid conditions in the code switching rules; the valid conditions are at least one of the time conditions and the location conditions.

[0020] Filter out code number switching rules that successfully match all valid conditions.

[0021] When there are multiple successfully matched code number switching rules, the final code number switching rule to be executed is determined based on the priority strategy and conflict strategy in the successfully matched code number switching rules.

[0022] In an optional implementation, when a match is successful, the step of performing the corresponding code number switching operation includes: Retrieve the activation method from the corresponding code number switching rules.

[0023] When the activation mode is set to immediate activation, the code number switching operation is performed immediately.

[0024] When the activation mode is delayed, a timed command is sent to the terminal. After the first preset delay time is reached, the timed event reported by the terminal is received, and the code number switching operation is performed.

[0025] When the activation method is frequent restart with delayed activation, obtain the continuous running time of the current code number and determine whether the continuous running time is less than the preset time threshold; if so, perform the code number switching operation after the second preset delay time is reached; otherwise, perform the code number switching operation immediately.

[0026] In an optional implementation, the code switching operation includes: Retrieve the target code number from the corresponding code number switching rule.

[0027] Set the target code number to the code number to be activated, and send a refresh command to the terminal to restart the terminal.

[0028] After the terminal restarts, it accesses the network via the target code number.

[0029] In an optional implementation, the method further includes a process whereby the eSIM platform analyzes multiple device and network information received from the eSIM card to obtain number switching rules; specifically: The eSIM platform receives multiple device and network information sent by the eSIM card; among them, device and network information includes network status information, collection time information, and device location information.

[0030] The eSIM platform determines the frequency of times when network status information falls below a preset network quality threshold within a specific location range and / or time period, based on device and network information.

[0031] If the frequency of occurrence exceeds a preset frequency threshold, the corresponding specific location range and / or specific time period will be determined as the optimal time for the eSIM card to switch numbers.

[0032] The eSIM platform generates number switching rules based on the optimal timing and sends these rules to the eSIM card.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a number switching system, including an eSIM card and an eSIM platform connected in communication; the eSIM card and the eSIM platform are used to execute the number switching method of the eSIM card according to any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0034] This application provides an eSIM card number switching method and system. The eSIM card reports device and network information to the eSIM platform and receives switching rules determined by the eSIM platform based on analysis of multiple historical data points. This enables the eSIM card to autonomously perform network optimization and matching locally. This application effectively avoids the drawbacks of existing technologies that heavily rely on complex network evaluation and switching on the terminal side. It allows IoT devices to possess multi-number intelligent switching capabilities without large-scale hardware, firmware, or software modifications, significantly reducing device development, adaptation, and overall deployment costs. Furthermore, by leveraging the rules generated through comprehensive analysis on the eSIM platform side, this application improves the accuracy and foresight of network selection, thereby effectively increasing the network connection success rate, network stability, and overall operational reliability of IoT devices.

[0035] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a code switching system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the eSIM card number switching method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the device and network information acquisition method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating another device and network information acquisition method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5A flowchart illustrating the current status information acquisition method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 A flowchart of the code number switching operation matching method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the code number switching rule execution method provided in this application embodiment.

[0039] Icons: 1 - eSIM card; 2 - eSIM platform. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] To facilitate a better understanding of this application by those skilled in the art, a brief introduction to the application scenarios and design concepts of this application is provided.

[0042] With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, eSIM cards are widely used in various scenarios such as smart meters, connected vehicles, and industrial terminals due to their ability to be remotely configured and store multiple operator codes (such as IMSI / ICCID). By pre-setting multiple codes in the same eSIM card, devices can select the appropriate operator network for access in different network environments, thereby improving the device's network connection success rate and stability.

[0043] However, in existing technologies, most IoT terminals still heavily rely on the terminal side to evaluate and select networks based on indicators such as wireless signal strength during network connection and multi-number switching. When the network environment changes abruptly or the quality of the currently used network is poor, the terminal side often needs extremely complex network evaluation and switching control logic. To adapt to the multi-number capability of eSIM cards, this usually requires deep customization and modification of the IoT terminal's hardware, firmware, or underlying communication protocol stack. This approach directly leads to high R&D, adaptation, and modification costs for IoT devices, and a long overall deployment cycle.

[0044] Based on this, this application provides an eSIM card number switching method and system, transferring the execution of network selection and number switching to the eSIM card, which then autonomously completes the process, eliminating the need for IoT terminals to possess complex network selection capabilities. Therefore, large-scale hardware or software modifications to existing IoT terminals are unnecessary, significantly reducing device development, adaptation, and overall deployment costs. Simultaneously, by aggregating data reported by terminals on the eSIM platform side for big data statistical analysis, and generating and distributing switching rules, network selection becomes more accurate and predictive. This application supports setting effective conditions based on time, location, or a combination of both, supplemented by priority and conflict strategies, providing extremely flexible switching strategies for various complex IoT application scenarios. Furthermore, this end-to-cloud collaborative intelligent selection mechanism improves the network connectivity success rate, network stability, and overall operational reliability of IoT devices in complex environments.

[0045] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below.

[0046] This application provides a code switching system, referring to... Figure 1 The number switching system provided in this application includes an eSIM card 1 and an eSIM platform 2 connected in communication; the eSIM card 1 and the eSIM platform 2 are used to execute the number switching method of the eSIM card 1.

[0047] The number switching system includes an eSIM card 1 (embedded SIM card) and an eSIM platform 2 (embedded SIM platform) for communication connection. In this embodiment, eSIM card 1 and eSIM platform 2 jointly realize the optimal network configuration for end-to-cloud collaboration.

[0048] eSIM Platform 2, as a cloud platform, is primarily responsible for big data analysis and strategy formulation. eSIM Platform 2 receives multiple device and network information messages from eSIM Card 1. This device and network information includes historical network status information, historical data collection time information, and historical device location information. Based on this device and network information, eSIM Platform 2 performs statistical analysis to determine the frequency of occurrences where network status information falls below a preset network quality threshold within a specific location range and / or a specific time period. If the frequency exceeds the preset threshold, eSIM Platform 2 determines the corresponding specific location range and / or specific time period as the optimal time for eSIM Card 1 to perform a number handover. eSIM Platform 2 generates number handover rules based on the optimal time and sends these rules to the corresponding eSIM Card 1.

[0049] eSIM 1, acting as an execution terminal, is embedded in the IoT terminal for collecting and reporting underlying data and performing rule-based local autonomous switching. eSIM 1 acquires device and network information and sends it to eSIM platform 2. The acquisition of device and network information by eSIM 1 occurs in two ways: First, eSIM 1 actively collects device and network information according to a preset time period and sends the collected information to eSIM platform 2; second, when eSIM 1 automatically experiences a number switching or network switching event due to an abnormal situation, eSIM 1 acquires the reason information for the current number or network switching and sends this reason information along with the current device and network information to eSIM platform 2. Device and network information includes at least one of the following: device identification information, current network status information, currently used number information, collection time information, device location information, and continuous operation time of the number.

[0050] eSIM card 1 receives number switching rules from eSIM platform 2 and stores them locally. To ensure the security and persistence of the rule data, eSIM card 1 securely stores the number switching rules in its non-volatile storage area for later retrieval. Each number switching rule includes the validity conditions, activation method, target number, priority policy, and conflict policy.

[0051] During normal operation, eSIM 1 obtains the current status information of the terminal it is connected to. At the hardware interaction level, eSIM 1 sends a Provide Local Information active command to the terminal to obtain the current time and current location information. eSIM 1 receives the current time and current location information returned by the terminal and uses the current time and current location information as its current status information.

[0052] eSIM 1 compares the current status information with the number handover rules stored locally. eSIM 1 iterates through each number handover rule stored in the non-volatile memory area, determining whether the current status information meets the valid conditions of the number handover rule. Valid conditions are at least one of time and location conditions. eSIM 1 selects number handover rules where all valid conditions are successfully matched. When multiple successfully matched number handover rules collide, eSIM 1 determines the final number handover rule to be executed based on the priority and conflict strategies of the successfully matched rules.

[0053] When a match is successful, eSIM 1 autonomously executes the corresponding number switching operation based on the matched number switching rule. eSIM 1 obtains the activation mode from the corresponding number switching rule. When the activation mode is immediate activation, eSIM 1 immediately executes the number switching operation. When the activation mode is delayed activation, eSIM 1 sends a TIMER active command to the terminal. After a first preset delay time, the terminal reports a TIMER event. Upon receiving the TIMER event reported by the terminal, eSIM 1 executes the number switching operation. When the activation mode is frequent restart delayed activation, eSIM 1 obtains the continuous running time of the current number and determines whether the continuous running time is less than a preset time threshold. If the continuous running time is less than the preset time threshold, eSIM 1 executes the number switching operation after a second preset delay time; otherwise, eSIM 1 immediately executes the number switching operation.

[0054] For the underlying hardware execution logic of the number switching operation, eSIM 1 obtains the target number from the corresponding number switching rule, sets the target number as the number to be activated, and sends a REFRESH active command to the terminal to notify the terminal to restart. After the terminal restarts, eSIM 1 accesses the corresponding operator's network through the target number.

[0055] The eSIM card number switching system provided in this application enables the eSIM card to autonomously complete network selection and number switching through communication between the eSIM card and the eSIM platform and through end-to-cloud collaboration. This eliminates the need for IoT terminals to have complex network selection capabilities or to make large-scale software and hardware modifications to existing devices, thereby significantly reducing the adaptation and deployment costs of devices. At the same time, by leveraging big data analysis on the eSIM platform to generate flexible switching rules that include time, location, or a combination of both, it can not only adapt to a variety of complex application scenarios, but also greatly improve the accuracy and foresight of network selection, thereby improving the network connection success rate, network stability, and overall operational reliability of IoT devices.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a method for switching the number of an eSIM card, referring to... Figure 2 The eSIM card number switching method provided in this application includes: Step S101: Obtain device and network information and send the device and network information to the eSIM platform.

[0057] Here, the eSIM card proactively collects current device and network information according to a preset time period and uploads the collected information to the eSIM platform. The preset time period can be flexibly configured by the user or system administrator according to actual needs, such as being set to hourly, daily, or at specific time intervals. In addition to periodic reporting, the eSIM card also triggers a data reporting mechanism when a number switch or network switch event occurs automatically due to internal policies or abnormal conditions. In this abnormal triggering scenario, the eSIM card will upload the device and network information at the time of the abnormality, along with the reason for the network switch or number switch, to the eSIM platform.

[0058] The device and network information includes at least: device identification information, current network status information, currently used code number information, collection time corresponding to each piece of information, device location information, continuous running time of the code number, and a list of currently valid code numbers in the eSIM card.

[0059] In other feasible embodiments, the current network status information can be further expanded to include whether the device is on the network, network type, network signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, network latency parameters, and packet loss rate; the device location information, in addition to base station positioning data, can also include specific latitude and longitude coordinates and altitude obtained from the Global Positioning System.

[0060] By collecting multi-dimensional device and network information, eSIM cards can provide a solid data foundation for big data analytics in the cloud.

[0061] Step S102: Receive and store the number switching rules issued by the eSIM platform; wherein, the number switching rules are determined by the eSIM platform through analysis of multiple device and network information received from the eSIM card.

[0062] Here, after receiving multiple device and network information from the eSIM card, the eSIM platform performs statistical analysis on the multiple device and network information to calculate the optimal time for the eSIM card to switch numbers.

[0063] In one embodiment, the eSIM platform can employ machine learning algorithms, historical trajectory clustering analysis, or time series prediction models to uncover potential patterns in network quality changes, thereby more accurately predicting network outage risks and planning handover paths in advance. Optimal timing includes, but is not limited to: handover required within a specific location range; handover required at a specific time point or within a specific time period; and handover required under a combination of specific location and specific time conditions.

[0064] Based on the analysis results, the eSIM platform generates at least one number handover rule, and can issue multiple number handover rules to the eSIM card at once. Each number handover rule includes at least the following fields: time period marker and time period information, location marker and location range information, activation method, destination number marker and target number information, priority policy, and conflict policy. The time period marker indicates whether the corresponding time condition is effective, and the time period information limits the validity of the number handover rule to a certain time range. The location marker indicates whether the corresponding location condition is effective, and the location range information limits the validity of the number handover rule to a certain geographical location range. The location range information can be a combination of MCC (Mobile Country Code), MNC (Mobile Network Code), LAC (Location Area Code), and cell identifier data, or it can be location boundary data containing specific latitude and longitude coordinates. Activation methods include immediate activation, delayed activation, and frequent restart delayed activation. The destination number information indicates the target number to be switched to. Priority policies are represented numerically, for example, using numbers between 0 and 255, with smaller numbers indicating higher priority. Of course, in other embodiments, larger numbers can also be set to indicate higher priority. Conflict policies include the highest priority taking effect or the first rule to switch taking effect.

[0065] After receiving the number switching rules from the eSIM platform, the eSIM card securely stores the rules in its non-volatile storage area for later use. This non-volatile storage area ensures that the number switching rules will not be lost even if the terminal device loses power or restarts.

[0066] Step S103: Obtain the current status information of the terminal.

[0067] Here, during local operation, the eSIM card needs to sense the environmental status of the terminal in real time or periodically.

[0068] Specifically, the eSIM card periodically obtains the terminal's current time and location information by sending proactive commands. For example, the eSIM card obtains current status information by sending a proactive command to the terminal's baseband chip to provide local information.

[0069] In one embodiment, the eSIM card can also obtain current status information by calling the terminal operating system's application programming interface, reading terminal sensor data, or listening to broadcast messages at the terminal's underlying layer. The current status information not only includes time and location information but can also include, depending on the specific application scenario, the terminal's current battery level, device speed, or the user's current service concurrency, to prevent service interruption caused by number switching when the terminal's battery is extremely low or when critical high-frequency transactions are being performed.

[0070] Step S104: Match the current status information with the code number switching rules.

[0071] Here, after obtaining the current status information, the eSIM card iterates through and compares each number switching rule stored in the non-volatile storage area. The eSIM card first checks whether the current status information meets the time period and location range information defined in each number switching rule, thereby finding the number switching rule where all valid conditions are successfully matched.

[0072] Because the eSIM platform may issue multiple complex number switching rules, the current status information may simultaneously meet the valid conditions of multiple number switching rules. For example, the current status information may satisfy a number switching rule that only restricts time, a number switching rule that only restricts location, or even a combined number switching rule where both time and location conditions are valid. When multiple successfully matched number switching rules exist, the eSIM card then searches for conflict policies and priority policies within the successfully matched number switching rules. If the conflict policy is the highest priority, the eSIM card compares the priority values ​​of each number switching rule in the set of successfully matched rules and finds the number switching rule corresponding to the highest priority as the final matched number switching rule; if the conflict policy is the first switching rule to take effect, the eSIM card selects the number switching rule that first meets the conditions or is ranked first in the list as the final matched number switching rule.

[0073] Through a rigorous traversal comparison and conflict resolution mechanism, the eSIM card can accurately select a unique number switching rule.

[0074] Step S105: When a match is successful, perform the corresponding code number switching operation based on the matched code number switching rule.

[0075] Here, once the final number switching rule to be executed is determined, the eSIM card obtains the activation method and target number from the matched number switching rule. The eSIM card then employs different underlying control logic to complete the number switching based on the different activation methods.

[0076] When the activation mode is set to immediate activation, the eSIM card immediately sets the target code number to the activation code number within the eSIM card and actively notifies the terminal to restart the underlying communication module and access the corresponding network using the new target code number by sending a refresh active command to the terminal.

[0077] When the activation method is delayed, the eSIM card sends a timer active command to the terminal and sets the delay time. After the delay time is reached, the terminal reports a timer event to the eSIM card. After receiving the timer event, the eSIM card completes the switching of its internal code number configuration file and notifies the terminal to restart and use the new code number by sending a refresh active command.

[0078] When the activation method is frequent restart delay activation, the eSIM card obtains the continuous running time of the current number and determines whether the continuous running time is less than the preset time threshold. If the time used after the current number restarts is extremely short, it indicates that the device may be in a state of frequent network outages caused by the network edge. In this case, the eSIM card will perform the number switching operation after the second preset delay time is reached. If the continuous running time is greater than or equal to the preset time threshold, the eSIM card will immediately perform the number switching operation.

[0079] In one embodiment, the number switching operation not only includes changing the identification code, but also can update the network access point name, authentication key and other supporting network parameters to ensure that the terminal device can seamlessly and smoothly access the target operator's core network, and finally the eSIM card can complete the complex network optimization task completely autonomously.

[0080] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 3 Step S101 includes the following steps S201-S202.

[0081] Step S201: Collect device and network information according to a preset time period; wherein, the device and network information includes at least one of the following: device identification information, current network status information, currently used code number information, collection time information, device location information, and code number continuous running time information.

[0082] Here, the eSIM card acts as a front-end node for data sensing, responsible for periodically collecting basic data during terminal operation. The preset time period can be flexibly configured by the user or system administrator based on the actual business scenario of the IoT terminal, the terminal's battery life, and the fluctuation frequency of the local network environment. For example, the preset time period can be fixed at a specific time each day, or it can be set to perform high-frequency collection every hour or every tens of minutes.

[0083] Device identification information is used to identify the IoT terminal or eSIM card entity that reports the data. Device identification information can be, for example, an International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) or an Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ICC).

[0084] Current network status information is used to objectively reflect the communication quality of the network environment in which the terminal is currently located. Current network status information may include, for example, network signal strength indication, signal-to-noise ratio parameters, whether the network registration was successful, and status codes indicating whether a network outage or disconnection has occurred.

[0085] The currently used code information is used to confirm the identity of the network operator currently providing network access services to the terminal. The currently used code information may be, for example, the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) that is currently in an active state.

[0086] The time information collected is used to record the specific moment when device and network information is acquired. The time information collected provides an accurate timestamp for the eSIM platform to conduct subsequent big data statistical analysis based on time series.

[0087] Device location information is used to determine the geographical area where the terminal is located when collecting data. Device location information can be a combination of mobile country code, mobile network code, location area code and cell identifier based on base station positioning, or it can be latitude and longitude coordinate information obtained by the terminal's internal global positioning system module.

[0088] The continuous running time information of the code number is used to reflect the duration for which the currently used code number can stably reside in the current network. The continuous running time information of the code number can help the eSIM platform determine whether the terminal has abnormal fluctuations such as frequent disconnection and reconnection.

[0089] In one embodiment, the device and network information may further include a list of currently valid numbers in the eSIM card. This list records all available and valid backup number resources in the eSIM card's non-volatile storage area. By reporting this list, the eSIM platform can directly select a target number from this list when formulating number switching rules, avoiding the platform issuing a target number that doesn't exist locally or has expired, thus improving the success rate of number switching operations.

[0090] Step S202: Send the collected device and network information to the eSIM platform.

[0091] Here, after the eSIM card completes the collection of device and network information, the eSIM card sends the collected device and network information to the eSIM platform through the current wireless communication network.

[0092] Specifically, the eSIM card can establish a secure connection channel with the eSIM platform using a secure and encrypted communication protocol, and then the eSIM card transmits device and network information within the secure connection channel.

[0093] Furthermore, to reduce the power consumption and signaling resource waste caused by frequent data transmission from IoT terminals, eSIM cards can employ a local caching and batch transmission mechanism. Specifically, the eSIM card can temporarily store multiple sets of device and network information collected continuously within multiple preset time periods in its local cache. Then, the eSIM card packages and compresses the multiple sets of device and network information, and when the IoT terminal's network is idle, the eSIM card sends the packaged and compressed device and network information to the eSIM platform all at once.

[0094] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 4 Step S101 also includes the following steps S301-S302.

[0095] Step S301: When a number switching event or network switching event occurs on the eSIM card, obtain the reason information for the current number switching or network switching.

[0096] In addition to the proactive and periodic data collection mechanism performed according to a preset time period, the eSIM card also has a passive data acquisition mechanism triggered by abnormal events. Specifically, when the eSIM card automatically experiences a number switching event or network switching event due to abnormal conditions in the eSIM card's internal underlying policies or the external network environment, the eSIM card will trigger a data acquisition action in real time. Among them, the number switching event changes the user's identity and subscription data, while the network switching event changes the wireless network connection point.

[0097] In real-world IoT terminal operation scenarios, abnormal external network conditions typically include the terminal device suddenly entering a physical signal dead zone such as a basement, causing a complete loss of the current network's wireless signal, or severe congestion at the currently hosted base station, causing the network to reject the IoT terminal's registration request. When faced with network outages or extremely poor communication quality, the underlying basic communication protocol of the eSIM card triggers basic self-recovery logic or internal backup strategies, forcing the eSIM card to automatically perform a number switch or network switch. In this situation, the eSIM card needs to accurately obtain the reason information that caused the number switch or network switch. This reason information may include, for example, signal loss error codes, network access denial codes, base station congestion status indicators, or terminal hardware fault indication codes.

[0098] Step S302: Send the cause information along with the current device and network information to the eSIM platform.

[0099] Here, after the eSIM card obtains the reason information for this handover, it will send the reason information, along with the current device and network information at the moment of the abnormal handover, to the eSIM platform. The data dimensions covered by the current device and network information are completely consistent with those in the periodic collection phase. The current device and network information includes at least device identification information, current network status information, currently used code number information, collection time information, device location information, and code number continuous operation time information.

[0100] After receiving multiple abnormal handover reports from the same eSIM card, the eSIM platform performs comprehensive statistical analysis to discover potential patterns in network signal changes. For example, the eSIM platform determines that the eSIM card consistently experiences passive abnormal handovers at specific times and locations each day due to extremely weak signals. Subsequently, the eSIM platform generates number handover rules based on the abnormal data samples and sends them to the eSIM card. When the eSIM card subsequently returns to the same specific location and time period, it no longer needs to wait for network degradation to trigger the abnormal recovery mechanism; instead, it proactively and smoothly performs the handover operation according to the number handover rules.

[0101] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 5 Step S103 includes the following steps S401-S403.

[0102] Step S401: Send an active command to the terminal to obtain current time information and current location information.

[0103] Here, the eSIM card obtains current time and location information by sending proactive commands to the terminal. Specifically, the eSIM card sends a Provide Local Information proactive command to the terminal. By using this command, the eSIM card can request real-time environmental parameters from the terminal's motherboard or baseband chip through a standardized low-level communication protocol interface, without requiring complex upper-layer application logic from the terminal. The eSIM card can set a timer within itself to periodically send the Provide Local Information proactive command to the terminal, ensuring the timeliness of the obtained current time and location information.

[0104] Step S402: Receive the current time information and current location information returned by the terminal.

[0105] Here, after receiving the Provide Local Information active command from the eSIM card, the terminal reads its internal system clock and the network parameters currently hosted by its baseband module. Subsequently, the terminal returns the current time and location information to the eSIM card, which then receives the returned information.

[0106] Current time information typically includes the terminal's current date and time (hour, minute, second). Current location information reflects the terminal's current geographical location or network topology. Specifically, current location information can include one or more of the following: MCC, MNC, LAC, and cell identifier data. It can also be the specific latitude and longitude coordinates obtained by the terminal through its internal GPS.

[0107] Step S403: Use the current time information and current location information as the current status information.

[0108] Here, after successfully receiving the current time and location information, the eSIM card combines the two information to form the current state information. This current state information characterizes the terminal's runtime spacetime features at this very moment.

[0109] The eSIM card temporarily stores the current status information in the eSIM card's random access memory or working area.

[0110] By using dynamic current time and location information as current status information, the eSIM card bridges the information gap between local real-time environmental awareness and rules issued by the cloud platform. This enables the eSIM card to have the data foundation to make independent decisions and environmental judgments without the terminal motherboard's central processing unit, thereby ensuring that the eSIM card can independently and accurately determine the optimal trigger time for number switching.

[0111] In an optional implementation, step S102 includes: Number switching rules are stored in the non-volatile storage area of ​​the eSIM card; each number switching rule includes the validity conditions, activation method, target number, priority policy and conflict policy.

[0112] Here, storing the number switching rules in the non-volatile storage area of ​​the eSIM card ensures that even if the IoT terminal experiences a power outage or restart, the number switching rules will not be lost. Once the IoT terminal regains network or power, the eSIM card can still securely read and continue using the number switching rules from the non-volatile storage area. The eSIM platform can issue multiple independent number switching rules to the eSIM card at once, based on changes in the actual network environment.

[0113] Each code number switching rule includes the validity conditions, activation method, target code number, priority strategy, and conflict strategy.

[0114] Valid conditions specify the specific environment or time under which number switching rules can be triggered. Valid conditions specifically include at least one of time conditions and location conditions. In the actual data structure configuration, time conditions are defined using time period markers and time period information. The time period marker indicates to the eSIM card whether the corresponding time condition is enabled and effective, and the time period information specifies the specific time period within which the number switching rules are binding. Location conditions are defined using location markers and location range information. The location marker indicates to the eSIM card whether the corresponding location condition is enabled and effective, and the location range information specifies the specific geographical location within which the number switching rules are binding.

[0115] The activation method specifies the underlying action sequence of the eSIM card after successfully matching the number switching rule. Activation methods are specifically divided into immediate activation, delayed activation, and frequent restart delayed activation. Different activation methods allow the eSIM card to flexibly control the timing of number switching actions based on the urgency of the IoT terminal's actual business or the severity of current network fluctuations, preventing unnecessary communication interruptions.

[0116] The target code number indicates the specific operator network credentials that the eSIM card needs to switch to and access during number switching. In practice, the target code number is manifested as a destination code marker and target code number information. For example, the target code number can be an explicitly specified ICCID (Integrated Circuit Card Identity) or IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity). The eSIM card will use the target code number to locate the corresponding valid configuration file within the eSIM card for activation.

[0117] Priority policies and conflict policies together constitute the conflict resolution mechanism of the eSIM card when multiple number handover rules simultaneously meet the valid conditions. Priority policies assign a quantified execution weight to each number handover rule. Priority policies are typically represented numerically, for example, using numbers between 0 and 255, with smaller numbers indicating higher execution priority. Conflict policies define the final decision logic adopted by the eSIM card when rule collisions occur. Conflict policies specifically include the highest priority type and the first-to-first-handover rule type. When the conflict policy is configured to be highest priority, the eSIM card compares the priority policies attached to each conflicting number handover rule, and executes the highest-priority rule. When the conflict policy is configured to be first-to-first-handover rule, the eSIM card uses the number handover rule that first meets the valid conditions in time, or the number handover rule ranked highest in the internal list, as the sole basis for final execution.

[0118] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 6 Step S104 includes the following steps S501-S504.

[0119] Step S501: Traverse each stored code number switching rule.

[0120] Here, since the non-volatile storage area of ​​the eSIM card may store multiple number switching rules for different application scenarios, in order to ensure that no potentially effective policy is missed, the eSIM card will read and traverse each number switching rule stored in the non-volatile storage area one by one, and include all locally stored number switching rules in the comparison scope.

[0121] Step S502: Determine whether the current status information meets the valid conditions in the code number switching rules; the valid conditions are at least one of time conditions and location conditions.

[0122] Here, during the process of traversing each number switching rule, the eSIM card compares the current status information with the valid conditions set in each number switching rule one by one.

[0123] When the time period marker in the number switching rule is enabled, the eSIM card determines whether the current time information in the current status information is within the time range specified by the time period information.

[0124] When the location marker in the number switching rule is enabled, the eSIM card determines whether the current location information in the current status information falls within the geographical area defined by the location range information.

[0125] If both time period and location marking are enabled in the number switching rule, the eSIM card needs to determine whether the current time and location information both meet the requirements of the time period and location range information. If the current status information meets all the enabled conditions, the eSIM card determines that the currently compared number switching rule is a successful match.

[0126] Step S503: Filter out code number switching rules that match all valid conditions.

[0127] Here, the eSIM card extracts all number switching rules that fully meet the valid conditions of the current status information. If the current status information only meets the valid conditions of one number switching rule, the eSIM card directly uses the only valid number switching rule as the final number switching rule to be executed.

[0128] There may be overlap in the effective conditions among the rule bases issued by the eSIM platform. This can lead to the current status information simultaneously meeting the trigger conditions of multiple number switching rules. Therefore, the eSIM card will aggregate all number switching rules that successfully match the effective conditions to form a set of successfully matched number switching rules.

[0129] Step S504: When there are multiple successfully matched code number switching rules, determine the final code number switching rule to be executed based on the priority strategy and conflict strategy in the successfully matched code number switching rules.

[0130] Here, when the set of successfully matched number switching rules contains two or more number switching rules, the eSIM card initiates the conflict resolution mechanism.

[0131] The eSIM card reads the conflict policy configured in each successfully matched number handover rule. When the conflict policy is set to the highest priority, the eSIM card further reads the priority policy configured in the successfully matched number handover rules. Priority policies are typically represented by numbers, such as those between 0 and 255, with smaller numbers indicating higher execution priority. The eSIM card compares the values ​​corresponding to each priority policy and determines the number handover rule with the highest priority as the final number handover rule to be executed.

[0132] When the conflict policy is set to take effect first, the eSIM card does not need to compare the priority policy. The eSIM card directly determines the number switching rule that meets the valid conditions earliest in time, or the number switching rule that is traversed first and successfully matched because it is stored at the beginning of the non-volatile storage area, as the number switching rule to be executed last.

[0133] Through a dual-protection design of priority and conflict strategies, the eSIM card can accurately and uniquely determine a number switching rule that needs to be executed in a complex and overlapping set of rules, thereby avoiding chaotic switching between multiple target numbers by IoT terminals.

[0134] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 7 Step S105 includes the following steps S601-S604.

[0135] Step S601: Obtain the activation method in the corresponding code number switching rule.

[0136] Here, once the eSIM card determines the only number switching rule to be executed, it extracts the activation method field from this rule. The activation method guides the specific timing of the eSIM card's network identity change trigger. Different IoT application scenarios and fluctuating network conditions require different activation methods to ensure service continuity and device stability during network identity switching. Specifically, activation methods include three types: immediate activation, delayed activation, and activation delayed by frequent restarts.

[0137] Step S602: When the activation mode is immediate activation, the code number switching operation is performed immediately.

[0138] Here, when the eSIM card resolves that the activation mode is "immediate activation," it indicates that the current number switching rule has an extremely high execution priority, or that the current network environment has deteriorated to the point where basic communication services cannot be maintained. In this emergency, the eSIM card does not need to wait for any additional buffer time. The eSIM card immediately starts preparing the underlying number configuration file internally and immediately executes the number switching operation. Immediately executing the number switching operation helps IoT terminals escape the extremely poor original network environment in the shortest possible time and quickly access a better quality target network, thereby minimizing the duration of the IoT terminal's network outage.

[0139] Step S603: When the activation mode is delayed activation, a timed command is sent to the terminal. After the first preset delay time is reached, the timed event reported by the terminal is received, and the code number switching operation is performed.

[0140] Here, when the eSIM card resolves the activation mode to delayed activation, it indicates that the current time is not suitable for immediately interrupting the IoT terminal's business processes. For example, the IoT terminal may be transmitting critical business data packets. To achieve a smooth transition of network connection, the eSIM card sends a timing command to the IoT terminal. Specifically, the eSIM card sends a TIMER active command to the terminal, carrying a first preset delay time in the TIMER active command. The first preset delay time can be flexibly configured by the eSIM platform when issuing number switching rules. After receiving the TIMER active command, the terminal starts a countdown function inside the terminal's motherboard. After the countdown reaches the first preset delay time, the terminal reports a timing event to the eSIM card, specifically a TIMER event. Only after receiving the timing event reported by the terminal does the eSIM card officially begin executing the underlying number switching operation.

[0141] By delaying the activation time, the eSIM card provides IoT terminals with ample time for service termination and data retention, avoiding the risks of service interruption and data loss caused by abruptly cutting off the network.

[0142] Step S604: When the activation method is frequent restart delay activation, obtain the continuous running time of the current code number and determine whether the continuous running time is less than the preset time threshold; if so, perform the code number switching operation after the second preset delay time is reached; otherwise, perform the code number switching operation immediately.

[0143] In certain geographical locations at the edge of network signal coverage, IoT terminals may frequently trigger network outages due to slight fluctuations in signal strength. To prevent the eSIM card from getting stuck in an endless cycle of switching between multiple backup numbers, the eSIM card first obtains the continuous operating time of the currently used number. Then, the eSIM card determines whether the continuous operating time is less than a preset time threshold. The preset time threshold represents the minimum dwell time for a network connection state to be considered stable and reliable.

[0144] If the continuous running time is less than the preset time threshold, it indicates that the number switch rule was triggered again shortly after the current number was activated, and the IoT terminal is highly likely to be in a network instability state. In this case, the eSIM card will adopt a forced waiting strategy, performing the number switch operation only after a second preset delay time has elapsed. The eSIM card uses this second preset delay time to wait for the IoT terminal to weather the period of extreme network instability. If the continuous running time is greater than or equal to the preset time threshold, it indicates that the current number has been relatively stable over a period of time, and the triggering of the number switch rule is due to a normal geolocation transfer or a normal time-based strategy taking effect. Therefore, the eSIM card will not wait and will immediately perform the number switch operation.

[0145] In an optional implementation, the code switching operation in step S102 includes the following steps S701-S703.

[0146] Step S701: Obtain the target code number in the corresponding code number switching rule.

[0147] Here, the eSIM card parses and determines the number switching rules, and extracts the target number field from these rules. The target number explicitly indicates the target operator's network identity credentials that the eSIM card needs to switch to and access next. In the actual application's data structure, the target number is specifically represented as a destination number marker and target number information. The target number information may be, for example, a specific ICCID or IMSI that has been pre-downloaded and securely configured in the eSIM card's non-volatile storage area. Each target number uniquely corresponds to a valid operator network configuration file stored internally by the eSIM card.

[0148] Step S702: Set the target code number to the code number to be activated, and send a refresh command to the terminal to restart the terminal.

[0149] Here, after obtaining the target code number, the eSIM card performs a configuration file state change operation at the eSIM card's operating system level. First, the eSIM card changes the state of the currently used original code number to a deactivated state, and simultaneously sets the obtained target code number as the code number to be activated. However, simply completing the logical state change within the eSIM card is insufficient for the IoT terminal's baseband chip to perceive that the network identity has changed. To trigger the IoT terminal to reread the latest data within the eSIM card, the eSIM card sends a refresh command to the IoT terminal through a standardized underlying communication interface. Specifically, the eSIM card sends a REFRESH active command to the terminal. After receiving the REFRESH active command, the IoT terminal either responds to the REFRESH active command and executes a re-initialization process of the underlying communication protocol stack, or the IoT terminal directly executes a system-level restart process.

[0150] By sending a refresh command, the eSIM card forces IoT terminals to apply the latest target code configuration information.

[0151] Step S703: After the terminal restarts, access the network via the target code number.

[0152] Here, after the IoT terminal completes the restart process or the baseband protocol stack re-initialization process, it will re-initiate the card initialization reading interaction process with the eSIM card. At this time, because the internal state of the eSIM card has changed, the authentication information, network identity information, and network parameters read by the IoT terminal from the eSIM card have all been changed to the data content corresponding to the target code number. Using the authentication key and network access point information corresponding to the target code number, the IoT terminal initiates a radio resource connection request and a location registration request to the core network of the target operator corresponding to the target code number. After successful authentication on the target operator network side, the IoT terminal successfully accesses the new operator network through the target code number, thereby resuming the IoT terminal's service data communication.

[0153] In an optional implementation, the method further includes a process in which the eSIM platform analyzes the received information from multiple devices and networks originating from the eSIM card to obtain number switching rules; specifically, the following steps S801-S804.

[0154] In step S801, the eSIM platform receives multiple device and network information sent by the eSIM card; among which, the device and network information includes network status information, collection time information, and device location information.

[0155] Here, the eSIM platform continuously receives device and network information uploaded multiple times by the same eSIM card over a period of time. This device and network information may be historical log data proactively reported by the eSIM card according to a preset time period, or it may be fault slice data passively triggered by the eSIM card in abnormal situations such as network outages. Device and network information includes at least network status information, collection time information, and device location information. Network status information objectively reflects the communication quality of the network environment in which the IoT terminal is located at a specific moment. For example, network status information can be a specific network signal strength value, network signal-to-noise ratio, network packet loss rate, or a network outage status indicator of the underlying communication protocol. Collection time information provides a precise timestamp for each acquired network status information. Device location information provides accurate spatial coordinates for each acquired network status information.

[0156] In step S802, the eSIM platform determines the frequency of occurrences where network status information is lower than a preset network quality threshold within a specific location range and / or a specific time period based on device and network information.

[0157] Here, the eSIM platform first sets a preset network quality threshold within the platform. This threshold represents the minimum network signal strength or communication quality standard that IoT terminals must achieve to maintain normal business communication. Subsequently, the eSIM platform aggregates and segments data based on historical collection time information and historical device location information. The eSIM platform then statistically analyzes the frequency of adverse events—such as abnormal network outages or network status information falling below the preset network quality threshold—within a specific location range, a specific time period, or a combination of both.

[0158] Step S803: If the frequency of occurrence is greater than the preset frequency threshold, the corresponding specific location range and / or specific time period is determined as the optimal time for the eSIM card to switch numbers.

[0159] Here, the eSIM platform determines whether the frequency of adverse events exceeds a preset frequency threshold. If the frequency exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the eSIM card encountering extremely poor network quality when reaching this specific location range or time period is not accidental, but rather reflects a high-probability, predictable physical or temporal pattern. In this case, the eSIM platform formally calculates and determines the optimal time for the eSIM card to perform a network identity change based on the specific location range, the specific time period, or a combination of both.

[0160] In step S804, the eSIM platform generates a number switching rule based on the optimal timing and sends the number switching rule to the eSIM card.

[0161] Here, after calculating and determining the optimal timing, the eSIM platform generates number switching rules containing specific execution strategies based on the optimal timing.

[0162] Specifically, the eSIM platform transforms the specific time period involved in the optimal timing into time period information and time stamps in the number handover rules. Similarly, the eSIM platform transforms the specific location range involved in the optimal timing into location range information and location stamps in the number handover rules, thus constituting the valid conditions for the number handover rules. Simultaneously, the eSIM platform, in conjunction with the available operator resource pool managed on the platform side and the specific service types of IoT terminals, configures corresponding activation methods, target numbers, priority policies, and conflict policies for the number handover rules.

[0163] After generating complete number switching rules, the eSIM platform can send one or more number switching rules for different scenarios to the corresponding eSIM card via over-the-air download technology or existing secure network connection channels.

[0164] Through this data analysis and strategy distribution process, the eSIM platform empowers eSIM cards with the ability to anticipate network risks in advance, enabling eSIM cards to proactively and smoothly switch to a high-quality network based on number switching rules before facing the same adverse network environment again.

[0165] In one specific embodiment, the method for switching the number of an eSIM card is described in detail based on the application scenario and example of number switching rules.

[0166] The eSIM platform continuously receives multiple device and network information reports from the eSIM card and performs big data statistics and analysis on the received information. The eSIM platform detects anomalies where the network status information of the eSIM card is below a preset network quality threshold during a specific time period or geographical location. Based on the optimal timing determined by the analysis, the eSIM platform generates six specific number switching rules and sends these rules to the eSIM card. The actual number of number switching rules and their specific parameters are not limited to those shown in this embodiment.

[0167] The eSIM card receives and stores these six number switching rules locally. The specific details of the six number switching rules are as follows: Rule 1: Time condition is valid, the time period corresponding to the time condition is marked as the on state value 11, and the corresponding time period information is from 03:14:00 to 05:16:00; Location condition is invalid, the location corresponding to the location condition is marked as the off state value XX, and the location range information is empty; the activation method is immediate; the target code number is the specified integrated circuit card identification code; the priority policy is configured as high priority represented by the number 1; the conflict policy is that the high priority takes effect.

[0168] Rule 2: Time condition invalid; the time period corresponding to the time condition is marked as the off state value 00, and the time period information is empty. Location condition valid; the location condition is marked as the on state value YY, and the specified location range information includes MCC 460, MNC 01, LAC 0001, and cell identifier. The activation method is immediate. The target code is the specified integrated circuit card identification code. The priority policy is configured as high priority represented by the number 1. The conflict policy is that the first switching rule takes effect. Besides the network topology code used in this example, the specified location range information can also be location information containing specific latitude and longitude coordinates.

[0169] Rule 3: Time condition is valid, time period is marked as 11, time period information is 03:14:00 to 05:16:00; Location condition is valid, location is marked as YY, specified location range information includes MCC 460, MNC 01, LAC 0001 and cell identifier; Activation method is 5-minute delay; Target code is the specified integrated circuit card identification code; Priority policy is configured as low priority represented by the number 2; Conflict policy is high priority. In this embodiment, the smaller the priority policy value, the higher the priority.

[0170] Rule 4: Time condition is valid, time period is marked as 11, time period information is 03:14:00 to 05:16:00; Location condition is invalid, location is marked as XX, location range information is empty; Activation method is immediate; Target code is the specified integrated circuit card identification code; Priority policy is configured as low priority represented by the number 2; Conflict policy is high priority.

[0171] Rule 5: Time condition is invalid, time period is marked as 00, and time period information is empty; Location condition is valid, location is marked as YY, and the specified location range information includes MCC as 460, MNC as 01, LAC as 0001 and cell identifier; Activation method is immediate; Target code is the specified integrated circuit card identification code; Priority policy is configured as high priority represented by the number 1; Conflict policy is that the first switching rule has not taken effect.

[0172] Rule 6: Time condition is valid, time period is marked as 11, time period information is 03:14:00 to 05:16:00; Location condition is valid, location is marked as YY, specified location range information includes MCC 460, MNC 01, LAC 0001 and cell identifier; Activation method is 5-minute delay; Target code is the specified integrated circuit card identification code; Priority policy is configured as high priority represented by the number 1; Conflict policy is high priority takes effect.

[0173] During terminal operation, the eSIM card proactively sends a command to the terminal to provide local information, periodically acquiring the terminal's current time and location information as its current status information. After obtaining the current status information, the eSIM card iterates through and compares the six number switching rules stored in its non-volatile memory area. It first finds the number switching rule where all valid conditions are successfully matched, and then executes the conflict resolution mechanism. Specifically, there are three matching scenarios: In the first scenario, if the current time information obtained by the eSIM card is 04:00:00, but the current location information does not fall within the range of MCC460, MNC01, and LAC0001, then the valid condition found by the eSIM card is only the time condition. Since the current time falls within the range of 03:14:00 to 05:16:00, rules 1 and 4 match successfully. Next, the eSIM card searches for conflict strategies. Both rules 1 and 4 have the higher priority. The eSIM card compares the priority strategies of the two rules; rule 1 has a priority value of 1, and rule 4 has a priority value of 2. The eSIM card determines that rule 1 has the highest priority. Therefore, the eSIM card decides to execute rule 1. The eSIM card takes immediate effect, immediately setting the corresponding target code number as the activation code number, sending a refresh command to the terminal to restart the terminal, and accessing the network through the target code number after the terminal restarts.

[0174] In the second scenario, if the current time information obtained by the eSIM card is 10:00:00, and the current location information is MCC460, MNC01, LAC0001, and the cell identifier, then only the location condition is valid, and rules 2 and 5 match successfully. Next, the eSIM card checks the conflict policy. The conflict policy for rule 2 is that the first handover rule takes effect, while the conflict policy for rule 5 is that the first handover rule is not effective. Based on the conflict policy setting logic, the eSIM card uses the effective first handover rule as the final decision basis. Therefore, the eSIM card determines to ultimately execute rule 2, and the eSIM card also performs the underlying number handover operation in an immediately effective manner.

[0175] In the third scenario, if the current time information obtained by the eSIM card is 04:00:00, and the current location information is MCC460, MNC01, LAC0001, and the cell identifier, then the eSIM card finds valid conditions for both time and location, resulting in a successful match between Rule 3 and Rule 6. Next, the eSIM card checks the conflict policy; both Rule 3 and Rule 6 have a higher priority. Comparing their priority policies, Rule 6 has a priority value of 1, while Rule 3 has a priority value of 2. The eSIM card determines that Rule 6 has the highest priority. Therefore, the eSIM card decides to execute Rule 6. Since Rule 6 takes effect after a 5-minute delay, the eSIM card sends a timed command to the terminal. After the 5-minute delay, the eSIM card receives the timed event reported by the terminal, then sets the target code number to the activation code number and sends a refresh command to the terminal to restart and access the new network.

[0176] The eSIM card number switching method provided in this application comprehensively collects and reports underlying device and network information through the eSIM card. Combined with the eSIM platform's generation of precise switching rules based on historical big data analysis, including time, location dimensions, and conflict resolution strategies, the eSIM card can operate independently of the terminal motherboard and autonomously perform rule matching and decision-making based on its locally perceived current state, achieving intelligent network optimization through end-to-cloud collaboration. This design not only effectively overcomes the drawbacks of existing technologies that heavily rely on complex network assessments on the terminal side, enabling IoT devices to have multi-number forward-looking switching capabilities without large-scale hardware and software modifications, thus significantly reducing device development, adaptation, and overall deployment costs; but also, with the establishment of various flexible underlying execution mechanisms such as immediate activation, delayed activation, and prevention of frequent restarts and oscillations, it effectively balances the timeliness of avoiding poor network conditions with the continuity of terminal business data, thereby comprehensively improving the network connection success rate, network stability, and overall operational reliability of IoT devices in complex and ever-changing environments.

[0177] The computer program product provided in this application includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0178] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system and apparatus described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0179] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0180] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0181] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0182] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for switching the number of an eSIM card, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain device and network information, and send the device and network information to the eSIM platform; The system receives and stores the number switching rules issued by the eSIM platform; wherein the number switching rules are determined by the eSIM platform through analysis of multiple device and network information received from the eSIM card. Obtain the current status information of the terminal; Match the current status information with the code number switching rules; When a match is successful, the corresponding code number switching operation is executed based on the matched code number switching rule.

2. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of acquiring device and network information and sending the device and network information to the eSIM platform includes: The device and network information is collected according to a preset time period; wherein, the device and network information includes at least one of the following: device identification information, current network status information, currently used code number information, collection time information, device location information, and continuous operation time of the code number; The collected device and network information is sent to the eSIM platform.

3. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of acquiring device and network information and sending the device and network information to the eSIM platform includes: When a number switching event or network switching event occurs on the eSIM card, obtain the reason information for the current number switching or network switching; The cause information, along with the current device and network information, is sent to the eSIM platform.

4. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the current status information of the terminal includes: Send an active command to the terminal to obtain current time and current location information; Receive the current time information and the current location information returned by the terminal; The current time information and the current location information are used as the current state information.

5. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of receiving and storing the number switching rules issued by the eSIM platform includes: The number switching rules are stored in the non-volatile storage area of ​​the eSIM card; wherein each number switching rule includes an effective condition, an activation method, a target number, a priority policy, and a conflict policy.

6. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of matching the current status information with the code switching rule includes: Iterate through each of the stored code number switching rules; Determine whether the current status information satisfies the valid condition in the code number switching rule; the valid condition is at least one of a time condition and a location condition. Filter out code switching rules that successfully match all the aforementioned valid conditions; When multiple matching code number switching rules exist, the final code number switching rule to be executed is determined based on the priority strategy and conflict strategy in the matching code number switching rules.

7. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of performing the corresponding code number switching operation when a match is successful includes: Obtain the activation method from the corresponding code number switching rule; When the activation method is immediate activation, the code number switching operation is performed immediately; When the activation method is delayed activation, a timed command is sent to the terminal, and after the first preset delay time is reached, the timed event reported by the terminal is received, and the code number switching operation is performed. When the activation method is frequent restart with delayed activation, the continuous running time of the current code number is obtained, and it is determined whether the continuous running time is less than a preset time threshold; if so, the code number switching operation is performed after the second preset delay time is reached; otherwise, the code number switching operation is performed immediately.

8. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The code switching operation includes: Obtain the target code number from the corresponding code number switching rule; Set the target code number as the activation code number and send a refresh command to the terminal to restart the terminal; After the terminal restarts, it accesses the network using the target code number.

9. The eSIM card number switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes the process of the eSIM platform analyzing multiple device and network information received from the eSIM card to obtain the number switching rules; specifically: The eSIM platform receives multiple device and network information sent by the eSIM card; wherein, the device and network information includes network status information, collection time information, and device location information; The eSIM platform determines, based on the device and network information, the frequency of occurrences where the network status information is lower than a preset network quality threshold within a specific location range and / or a specific time period. If the occurrence frequency is greater than a preset frequency threshold, then the corresponding specific location range and / or specific time period will be determined as the optimal time for the eSIM card to switch numbers. The eSIM platform generates the number switching rule based on the optimal timing and sends the number switching rule to the eSIM card.

10. A code switching system, characterized in that, The system includes an eSIM card and an eSIM platform with communication connectivity; the eSIM card and the eSIM platform are used to perform the eSIM card number switching method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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