Signal transmission method and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a signal transmitting method and an electronic device, comprising: determining a first transmitting power value satisfying a target condition, and a second transmitting power value representing an upper limit of transmitting power of the electronic device; the target condition representing that a cumulative radiation value of the electronic device transmitting a wireless signal at the first transmitting power value within a target time length is not greater than a target limit radiation value; in response to a change of a usage data type of the electronic device at a target time, determining an upper limit of transmitting power of the electronic device within a first time window according to the first transmitting power value and the second transmitting power value; a starting time of the first time window is the target time; based on the upper limit of transmitting power of the electronic device within the first time window, controlling the electronic device to transmit a wireless signal, so that the electronic device satisfies the target condition within a target time window; the target time window includes the target time, and the lengths of the first time window and the target time window are both the target time length.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal transmission method and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication, when electronic devices switch between different communication modes (using different data types), their specific absorption rate (SAR) may exceed regulatory limits within a specific time window, leading to radiation safety non-compliance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a signal transmission method and an electronic device.

[0004] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a signal transmission method is provided, applied to an electronic device, comprising: determining a first transmission power value that satisfies a target condition, and a second transmission power value characterizing an upper limit of transmission power for the electronic device; satisfying the target condition characterizes that the cumulative radiation value of the wireless signal transmitted by the electronic device at the first transmission power value within a target duration is not greater than a target limited radiation value; in response to a change in the type of data used by the electronic device at a target time, determining an upper limit of transmission power for the electronic device within a first time window based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; the starting time of the first time window is the target time; based on the upper limit of transmission power for the electronic device within the first time window, controlling the electronic device to transmit a wireless signal so that the electronic device satisfies the target condition within the target time window; the target time window includes the target time, and the lengths of both the first time window and the target time window are target durations.

[0005] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, determining the upper limit of the transmission power of an electronic device within a first time window based on a first transmission power value and a second transmission power value includes: determining a third transmission power value based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; wherein the third transmission power value is less than the first transmission power value, the electronic device uses the third transmission power value as the upper limit of the transmission power in a first time period, the start time of the first time period is the target time, and the first time window includes the first time period.

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, after an electronic device transmits a wireless signal at a first transmission power value for a target duration, the cumulative radiation value of the electronic device equals the target limit radiation value.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, determining the upper limit of the transmission power of an electronic device within a first time window based on a first transmission power value and a second transmission power value further includes: determining a fourth transmission power value based on changes in the data types used by the electronic device before and after a target time; wherein the fourth transmission power value is greater than the third transmission power value, the electronic device uses the fourth transmission power value as the upper limit of the transmission power in a second time period, the first time window includes the second time period, the second time period is after the first time period, and the second time period has the same duration as the first time period.

[0008] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using a first data type is a fixed value, and the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using a second data type is not a fixed value; determining a fourth transmission power value based on the change in the data type used by the electronic device before and after the target time includes: in response to the electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type at the target time, determining a fourth transmission power value based on a third transmission power value.

[0009] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, in response to an electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type at a target time, determining a fourth transmission power value based on a third transmission power value includes: determining the fourth transmission power value based on the difference between the third transmission power value and the first transmission power value; wherein the first time window consists of a first time period and a second time period.

[0010] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using a first data type is a fixed value, and the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using a second data type is not a fixed value; determining a fourth transmission power value based on the change in the data type used by the electronic device before and after a target time includes: in response to the electronic device switching from a state using a second data type to a state using a first data type at a target time, determining a fourth transmission power value based on a first transmission power value.

[0011] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: after the electronic device switches from a state using a second data type to a state using a first data type at a target time, in response to the electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type during a first time period, controlling the electronic device to transmit a wireless signal using a third transmission power value as the transmission power limit during the first time period; and in response to the end of the first time period, controlling the electronic device to transmit a wireless signal based on the transmission power limit corresponding to the state using the second data type.

[0012] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: determining an upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a second time window based on the type of data used by the electronic device after the target time; and controlling the electronic device to transmit wireless signals based on the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the second time window so that the electronic device meets the target conditions within the second time window; wherein the second time window is located after the first time window.

[0013] Another aspect of this disclosure provides an electronic device, including: a wireless communication module and a processor communicatively connected to the wireless communication module; wherein the wireless communication module is used to transmit and receive wireless signals in the spatial environment in which the electronic device is located; the processor is used to: determine a first transmission power value that satisfies a target condition, and a second transmission power value that characterizes an upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device; satisfying the target condition characterizes that the cumulative radiation value of the wireless signal transmitted by the electronic device at the first transmission power value within a target duration is not greater than a target limited radiation value; in response to a change in the type of data used by the electronic device at a target time, determine an upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; the starting time of the first time window is the target time; based on the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the first time window, control the electronic device to transmit wireless signals so that the electronic device satisfies the target condition within the target time window; the target time window includes the target time, and the lengths of both the first time window and the target time window are target durations.

[0014] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand this solution and do not constitute a limitation of this disclosure. Wherein:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of an example electronic device used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0022] In the technical solutions disclosed herein, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application of data (including but not limited to user personal information) comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations, necessary confidentiality measures have been taken, and they do not violate public order and good morals.

[0023] In wireless communication devices, to ensure electromagnetic radiation safety, SAR regulations must be met. This means that within a specified time window, the cumulative radiation value generated by the device's transmitted wireless signals must not exceed the limit. When a device switches between different communication modes (using different data types), such as from a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) to a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN), its transmission power may change abruptly. Because existing power control mechanisms (such as Smart Transmit (ST)) and their corresponding algorithmic control (collectively referred to as the ST algorithm) may not be able to effectively constrain instantaneous radiation during the transition period at the moment of switching, the cumulative radiation value within the entire evaluation time window covering the switching moment may exceed the limit, resulting in non-compliant SAR test results.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the signal transmission method of this embodiment is applied to an electronic device and includes operations S110-S130.

[0026] In operation S110, a first transmission power value that satisfies the target condition and a second transmission power value that characterizes the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device are determined; satisfying the target condition means that the cumulative radiation value of the wireless signal transmitted by the electronic device at the first transmission power value within the target duration is not greater than the target limit radiation value.

[0027] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the target condition is a pre-defined regulatory compliance condition. The core meaning of the target condition is that, within a specific and continuous target duration, the cumulative radiation value generated by the wireless signals emitted by an electronic device must not exceed the legally mandated target radiation limit. The target radiation limit is a threshold for ensuring electromagnetic radiation safety for humans (i.e., SAR compliance). The target duration is typically specified by SAR regulations; for example, the target duration could be 100 seconds or 300 seconds.

[0028] In embodiments of this disclosure, the first transmit power value is a calculated or derived theoretical power value. If an electronic device continuously and consistently transmits a wireless signal at the first transmit power value for a target duration, the resulting cumulative radiation value will be equal to or not greater than the aforementioned target limit radiation value. The first transmit power value can be considered as the theoretical average power limit that satisfies the radiation safety upper limit within the target duration.

[0029] For example, based on regulations and radio frequency parameters, the average power that would bring the cumulative radiation to the limit within a 100-second window can be calculated to be 24 dBm, and 24 dBm can be used as the first transmit power value.

[0030] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second transmit power value refers to the actual maximum transmit power limit of the electronic device under current hardware capabilities, protocol specifications, or network permissions. The second transmit power value represents the physical limits of the device's radio frequency front end or the peak power allowed by network scheduling, and is typically higher than the first transmit power value.

[0031] For example, the maximum instantaneous transmit power allowed by the device's RF power amplifier in a specific frequency band may be 26dBm, which is the second transmit power value.

[0032] In embodiments of this disclosure, a first transmit power value satisfying the target conditions and a second transmit power value characterizing the upper limit of the transmit power of the electronic device are determined. The processor of the electronic device can calculate the first transmit power value based on pre-stored SAR regulatory parameters (target duration, limit value) and the device's own radio frequency characteristics. Simultaneously, the electronic device is aware of the second transmit power value of its own hardware. For example, the system calculates a first transmit power value of 24 dBm that satisfies the 100-second window SAR limit and obtains a second transmit power value of 26 dBm that is currently supported by the hardware.

[0033] In operation S120, in response to a change in the data type of the electronic device at the target time, the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window is determined based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; the starting time of the first time window is the target time.

[0034] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the data type used refers to the wireless communication mode or standard adopted by the electronic device. For example, data transmission can be performed using WLAN or WWAN (i.e., cellular network, such as 4G / 5G).

[0035] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the target time refers to the specific moment when an electronic device switches from one data type to another. For example, when a user leaves the WLAN coverage area, the device automatically switches from a WLAN connection to a WWAN connection at time t0, where t0 is the target time.

[0036] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the first time window is a time period starting from the target time, and its length is the target duration. The first time window is a complete time evaluation window. For example, if the target duration is 100 seconds and the target time is t0, then the first time window is [t0, t0+100 seconds].

[0037] In embodiments of this disclosure, in response to a change in the data type used by the electronic device at a target time, an upper limit for the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window is determined based on a first transmission power value and a second transmission power value. When a communication mode switch is detected, the system immediately re-determines a new upper limit for the transmission power applicable to the entire next complete regulatory time window (the first time window).

[0038] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the upper limit of the transmit power of the electronic device within the first time window is determined based on a first transmit power value (theoretical safe average) and a second transmit power value (hardware upper limit). The purpose is to tailor a power control strategy for this special time window that begins at the moment of switching, in order to cope with the radiation fluctuation risks that may be brought about by mode switching.

[0039] For example, when switching from WLAN to WWAN at time t0, the system immediately calculates a new power limit for the next 100-second window (the first time window).

[0040] In operation S130, based on the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the first time window, the electronic device is controlled to transmit a wireless signal so that the electronic device meets the target conditions within the target time window; the target time window includes the target time, and the lengths of the first time window and the target time window are both the target duration.

[0041] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the target time window is a sliding time window of target duration that includes a target time point and is used to assess whether a device complies with SAR regulations. The target time window is a logical window used by regulatory agencies to make compliance determinations. Unlike the first time window, whose starting point is fixed at the target time point, the target time window is a sliding concept, and it must include the target time point.

[0042] For example, for a switch at time t0, a possible target time window might be [t0-30 seconds, t0+70 seconds], which is 100 seconds long and includes time t0.

[0043] In embodiments of this disclosure, the electronic device is controlled to transmit wireless signals based on the upper limit of its transmission power within a first time window, so that the electronic device meets the target conditions within a target time window. After determining the upper limit of the transmission power within the first time window, the power control unit (such as a baseband processor) of the electronic device will force the transmission power of all wireless signals not to exceed this upper limit within the first time window. This ensures that the device's cumulative radiation value will not exceed the regulatory limit within any target time window of 100 seconds, including the switching moment, thereby meeting the target conditions.

[0044] For example, if the system controls the upper limit of WWAN transmission power to 22dBm within t0 to t0+100 seconds, the calculated cumulative radiation value will not exceed the limit, regardless of how the SAR evaluation algorithm slides its 100-second evaluation window, as long as this window includes time t0.

[0045] Through embodiments of this disclosure, a dedicated power control strategy is initiated for the subsequent full time window at the instant a communication mode switching event occurs. This method proactively manages transmission behavior during the switching transition period, effectively avoiding instantaneous power spikes caused by mode switching. This ensures that the device's cumulative radiated exposure consistently meets specific absorption rate (SAR) safety limits within any regulatory assessment time window including the switching point. This method addresses SAR compliance risks during mode switching transitions without permanently sacrificing the device's peak transmission performance.

[0046] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the upper limit of the transmission power of an electronic device within a first time window based on a first transmission power value and a second transmission power value includes: determining a third transmission power value based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; wherein the third transmission power value is less than the first transmission power value, the electronic device uses the third transmission power value as the upper limit of the transmission power in the first time period, the start time of the first time period is the target time, and the first time window includes the first time period.

[0047] In embodiments of this disclosure, the third transmit power value is less than the first transmit power value. The third transmit power value is a power upper limit specifically used to constrain the transmit behavior of electronic devices after the communication mode is switched (target time).

[0048] For example, assuming the first transmit power value (the theoretical average power that meets the SAR limit) is 24 dBm, the third transmit power value may be a lower value, such as 21 dBm.

[0049] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the first time period is a time interval that lasts for a certain period of time, starting from the target time t0. The first time period is a sub-part or initial stage of the first time window. Its duration can be set according to a strategy.

[0050] For example, the first time segment can be set to half of the first time window (i.e., the target duration). If the target duration is 100 seconds, then the first time segment can be the initial 50 seconds immediately following the target time.

[0051] In embodiments of this disclosure, a third transmit power value is determined based on a first transmit power value and a second transmit power value. When the data type used by the electronic device changes at a target time, the system does not set a uniform power upper limit for the entire first time window, but instead first calculates a third transmit power value that is more stringent than the safe average limit (the first transmit power value). The determination of the third transmit power value depends on the first and second transmit power values.

[0052] For example, a third transmit power value can be obtained by subtracting a fixed power attenuation (such as 3dB) from the first transmit power value.

[0053] In the embodiments of this disclosure, after determining the third transmission power value, the electronic device will use the third transmission power value as the maximum power limit for transmitting wireless signals during the first time period. That is, from the moment the handover occurs, the actual transmission power of the device will not exceed the third transmission power value during the following first time period.

[0054] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, after mode switching, a stricter transmit power limit, lower than the theoretically safe average, is adopted in the first time period, providing initial safety redundancy for the entire evaluation window. The method of this embodiment can effectively suppress radiation peaks that may occur at the moment of switching, thereby ensuring that any subsequent sliding evaluation window meets SAR regulatory requirements.

[0055] In some embodiments of this disclosure, after the electronic device transmits a wireless signal at a first transmit power value for a target duration, the cumulative radiation value of the electronic device is equal to the target limit radiation value.

[0056] In embodiments of this disclosure, precise supplementary definitions are provided regarding the mathematical and physical meaning of the first transmit power value. If an electronic device continuously and uninterruptedly transmits a signal at the first transmit power value, precisely filling the entire target duration, then the total radiated energy generated will precisely reach the regulatory-permitted limit, rather than not exceeding that value.

[0057] In embodiments of this disclosure, a first transmit power value is established as the theoretical benchmark for calculation and control. For example, assume that the target radiation limit allows for a cumulative radiant energy of Y joules over 100 seconds. Calculations show that if the device transmits at a constant power of 24 dBm for 100 seconds, the cumulative radiation generated is exactly equal to Y joules; therefore, 24 dBm is the first transmit power value. This first transmit power value represents the full-capacity average power required by regulations, providing a clear and accurate initial calculation anchor for subsequent dynamic power adjustments during the handover transition period.

[0058] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, by precisely defining the first transmit power value as the theoretical boundary power to reach the regulatory limit, a precise calculation benchmark for the entire power control strategy is established. This ensures that the safety reference point upon which subsequent dynamic adjustments rely is absolutely accurate, avoiding insufficient control margin or excessive performance sacrifice due to ambiguous definitions, and improving the overall reliability and rigor of the solution.

[0059] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value further includes: determining a fourth transmission power value based on the changes in the data types used by the electronic device before and after the target time; wherein the fourth transmission power value is greater than the third transmission power value, the electronic device uses the fourth transmission power value as the upper limit of the transmission power in the second time period, the first time window includes the second time period, the second time period is after the first time period, and the second time period has the same duration as the first time period.

[0060] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the change in data type refers to the specific direction of the communication mode switching that occurs in the electronic device at a target time. For example, it may switch from a WLAN connection state to a WWAN connection state, or vice versa. Different switching directions correspond to different network characteristics and power control strategies.

[0061] In embodiments of this disclosure, the fourth transmit power value is greater than the third transmit power value. The fourth transmit power value is used to constrain the upper limit of the transmit power of the electronic device in the next time interval after the first time period.

[0062] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second time period is a time interval immediately following the first time period, with its start time being the end time of the first time period. The second time period has the same duration as the first time period. The first time window can be composed of consecutive first and second time periods. For example, if the target duration (i.e., the length of the first time window) is 100 seconds, and the first time period is the initial 50 seconds, then the second time period is the subsequent 50 seconds.

[0063] In embodiments of this disclosure, a fourth transmit power value is determined based on changes in the data types used by the electronic device before and after the target time. The determination of the fourth transmit power value depends on the specific circumstances of the communication mode switching that occurs at the target time.

[0064] For example, when a device switches from WLAN to WWAN, the system may determine the fourth transmit power value based on the ST algorithm characteristics of the WWAN network. Conversely, when switching from WWAN to WLAN, different rules may be used.

[0065] In embodiments of this disclosure, the power control strategy of the electronic device within the first time window is time-segmented. During the first time segment, a strict third transmit power limit is applied, while in the immediately following second time segment, a relatively lenient fourth transmit power limit is applied. The second time segment is of equal duration to the first time segment, and the two segments seamlessly connect, together covering the entire first time window starting from the target time.

[0066] Through embodiments of this disclosure, a time-segmented flexible power control mechanism is introduced, strictly limiting power in the first half of the post-switching window to build safety redundancy, while allowing higher power in the second half to optimize performance. This allows for a more refined and dynamic balance between radiation safety and communication performance, while ensuring SAR compliance throughout the evaluation window.

[0067] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the first data type is a fixed value, and the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the second data type is not a fixed value; determining the fourth transmission power value based on the change in the data type used by the electronic device before and after the target time includes: in response to the electronic device switching from the state of using the first data type to the state of using the second data type at the target time, determining the fourth transmission power value based on the third transmission power value.

[0068] In embodiments of this disclosure, the first data type refers to a wireless communication mode used by an electronic device, whose transmit power has a fixed upper limit. When the device operates in this mode, its transmit power is constrained by a pre-set constant value that is not dynamically adjusted over time or by an algorithm. For example, the power control of an electronic device in a WLAN model without enabling the ST algorithm typically falls into this category.

[0069] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second data type refers to another wireless communication mode used by the electronic device, whose upper limit of transmission power is not a fixed value. When the device operates in this mode, its upper limit of transmission power changes dynamically, for example, it can be adjusted in real time according to network conditions, historical transmission data, or specific intelligent algorithms. For example, the power control of an electronic device in WWAN mode when the ST algorithm is enabled falls into this category.

[0070] In embodiments of this disclosure, in response to an electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type at a target time, a fourth transmission power value is determined based on a third transmission power value. When the mode switch of the electronic device at the target time is from a first data type with a fixed transmission power upper limit (such as WLAN) to a second data type with a dynamically changing transmission power upper limit (such as WWAN), the determination of the fourth transmission power value will be based on a previously determined, lower third transmission power value.

[0071] In embodiments of this disclosure, since the switching target is a Dynamic Power Controlled Mode (WWAN), a suitable power cap (fourth transmit power value) needs to be determined for the WWAN during the second time period of the post-switching window. This value needs to take into account the radiated exposure budget saved during the first time period by using the third transmit power value. A low power limit (third transmit power value) is applied first during the first time period, and then a higher power value (fourth transmit power value) is restored or adjusted during the second time period.

[0072] In embodiments of this disclosure, the calculation of the higher power value used in the latter half (the fourth transmit power value) needs to be correlated with the lower power value used in the first half (the third transmit power value) to ensure that the total radiation exposure throughout the first time window is controllable.

[0073] This disclosure provides a mechanism for deriving the upper limit of the power output in the second half of a scenario, based on a strict power limit value in the first half, to address the switch from a fixed power mode to a dynamic power mode. The method in this embodiment achieves a safe and smooth transition between fixed power control and dynamic power control strategies, as well as coherent management of the exposed budget.

[0074] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in response to the electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type at a target time, determining a fourth transmission power value based on a third transmission power value includes: determining the fourth transmission power value based on the difference between the third transmission power value and the first transmission power value; wherein the first time window consists of a first time period and a second time period.

[0075] In embodiments of this disclosure, the difference between the third transmit power value and the first transmit power value describes the extent to which the actual power limit of the electronic device (the third transmit power value) is reduced compared to the theoretical average safety limit (the first transmit power value) during a first time period.

[0076] For example, assuming the first transmit power is 24 dBm and the third transmit power is 21 dBm, the difference between the two is 3 dB, which means that the power is suppressed by 3 dB in the first period (i.e. the power is reduced to about half).

[0077] In the embodiments of this disclosure, a fourth transmission power value is determined based on the difference between the third transmission power value and the first transmission power value. When the device switches from a first data type (such as WLAN) to a second data type (such as WWAN), the system does not arbitrarily set the power limit (fourth transmission power value) for the second time period, but calculates it according to a clear conservation principle. The radiation exposure budget saved in the first time period can be compensated for in the second time period in the form of higher power, but it must be ensured that the total exposure in the entire first time window does not exceed the limit.

[0078] In embodiments of this disclosure, the system calculates the difference between a third transmit power value and a first transmit power value. This difference quantifies the reduction in radiation relative to full average emission during the first time period. Based on this difference, the system calculates a fourth transmit power value, representing the permissible power limit above the first transmit power value during a second time period. For example, the fourth transmit power value can be determined as the first transmit power value plus an offset determined by the difference. The method of this embodiment ensures that cumulative radiation exposure is precisely managed within safe limits within the complete first time window comprised of the first and second time periods.

[0079] For example, based on the principle of energy conservation, if the power decreases by 3dB in the first period (energy is halved), there may be a corresponding calculation relationship for the allowable power increase in the second period. According to the linear compensation model, the preliminary calculated value of the fourth transmit power value may be 27 dBm (that is, attempting to increase the average power by 3dB in the second period to compensate for the decrease in the first half).

[0080] It should be noted that dB is a logarithmic unit used to represent the ratio of two values. A 3dB reduction in the upper limit of transmission power in the first period means that the upper limit of transmission power is reduced by half. This also reduces the cumulative radiated energy of the equipment in the current period (proportional to power × time) to half of its original value, thus achieving a total exposure ratio of 0.5, thereby creating a definite safety redundancy for the handover transition period.

[0081] In embodiments of this disclosure, the initially calculated fourth transmit power value can be compared with the second transmit power value (i.e., the absolute transmit power limit allowed by the hardware or protocol of the electronic device). If the initially calculated value is less than or equal to the second transmit power value, the initially calculated value is directly determined as the final fourth transmit power value. If the initially calculated value is greater than the second transmit power value, it indicates that the compensation power calculated based on the difference exceeds the physical capability of the device or the instantaneous limit permitted by regulations. In this case, the system determines the second transmit power value as the final fourth transmit power value.

[0082] For example, suppose the device hardware allows a second transmit power of 26 dBm. The initial calculation value is 27 dBm > 26 dBm, therefore, the final fourth transmit power value is limited to 26 dBm, not 27 dBm.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the timeline, indicating the progress of time. The vertical axis represents the transmit power, indicating the power of the signal transmitted by the electronic device. The WLAN and WWAN state areas represent the time periods during which the device operates in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) modes, respectively. The target time is the moment when the device switches from WLAN state to WWAN state. Pmax represents the maximum instantaneous power allowed by the electronic device hardware. Plimit corresponds to the first transmit power value, which is the average power benchmark that theoretically allows the device to transmit at full capacity within the target duration just to reach the radiation limit. Plimit-3 corresponds to the third transmit power value, which is the strict power limit adopted in the first time period, 3dB lower than Plimit. The difference (3dB) between Plimit and Plimit-3 is the basis for calculating the fourth transmit power value in this embodiment. After the target time, the first time window is divided into two parts: the first time period is the initial half-window immediately following the target time, and the second time period is the subsequent second half-window, both of which have the same duration.

[0085] In embodiments of this disclosure, Figure 2 This diagram depicts a specific scenario where an electronic device switches from WLAN to WWAN communication. The target time indicated by the vertical dashed line in the diagram is the precise point in time when this switch occurs. Figure 2 Time window b in the diagram corresponds to the first time window in this embodiment. During the first time period, the system sets the upper limit of the device's transmit power to Plimit-3. During the first time period, the device operates at "half power," which proactively creates a 50% radiation safety margin, providing protection against the uncertainties of switching transients.

[0086] In the embodiments of this disclosure, after the first time period ends, a second time period begins. The system calculates the allowed power limit for the second time period, i.e., the fourth transmit power value, based on the power budget saved in the first time period (i.e., the difference between Plimit and Plimit-3). Without exceeding the total radiation budget for the entire time window c, the margin reserved in the first time period is compensated for in the second time period to improve performance. In the second time period, the power limit is relaxed, allowing the device to transmit at higher power.

[0087] It should be noted that this process is subject to a hard upper limit constraint, meaning that the calculated compensation power cannot exceed the absolute maximum value Pmax (i.e., the second transmit power value) allowed by the device hardware. Figure 2 In the second time period, the power trajectory is less than Pmax.

[0088] In embodiments of this disclosure, Figure 2 Time windows a, b, and c in the diagram represent multiple sliding assessment windows that may encompass the target time for regulatory agencies to evaluate SAR compliance. The entire design of this scheme ultimately aims to ensure that any sliding window, such as window c, meets regulatory requirements. By imposing a strict limit of Plimit-3 in the first time period, the radiation accumulation at the beginning of the window is effectively suppressed. Then, by managing the second time period through a budget compensation mechanism constrained by Pmax, the radiation output in the latter half of the window is precisely controlled. The combination of these two measures locks the total radiation within window c, starting from the target time, within safe limits, thereby ensuring SAR compliance for any sliding window covering the target time (such as windows a or b).

[0089] Through embodiments of this disclosure, a precise and controllable dynamic power allocation algorithm is provided by quantifying the difference in power reduction during the first time period and calculating the compensation power for the second time period accordingly. This method ensures radiation safety throughout the entire evaluation window after switching, while achieving optimal allocation of the exposure budget over time, thus improving performance.

[0090] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the first data type is a fixed value, and the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the second data type is not a fixed value; determining the fourth transmission power value based on the change in the data type used by the electronic device before and after the target time includes: in response to the electronic device switching from the state of using the second data type to the state of using the first data type at the target time, determining the fourth transmission power value based on the first transmission power value.

[0091] In embodiments of this disclosure, in response to an electronic device switching from a state using a second data type to a state using a first data type at a target time, a fourth transmission power value is determined based on a first transmission power value. When the device switches modes at the target time from a second data type with dynamically changing transmission power upper limit (e.g., WWAN with ST enabled) to a first data type with a fixed transmission power upper limit (e.g., WLAN), the determination of the fourth transmission power value will be directly based on the first transmission power value.

[0092] Since the handover target is a fixed power control mode (WLAN), which inherently lacks a dynamic time averaging mechanism like the ST algorithm to optimize power allocation, a robust, regulatory-relevant benchmark is needed when determining the power ceiling (fourth transmit power value) for the WLAN during the second period of the post-handover window. The first transmit power value, as the theoretical safety boundary power, provides an ideal and safe benchmark for this purpose.

[0093] For example, the fourth transmit power value used in the second period can be directly set to be equal to the first transmit power value, or set to a reasonable value derived from the first transmit power value that is suitable for WLAN fixed power mode.

[0094] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0095] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This illustrates the dynamic power control process in a scenario where the communication mode of an electronic device switches from WWAN to WLAN at a target time.

[0096] In the embodiments of this disclosure, before the target time, when the device is still in WWAN mode, the transmit power is controlled using the ST algorithm. After the target time handover occurs, the system enters a first time period, where the transmit power is limited to Plimit-3. For WLAN (Fixed Power Mode), this means operating with a stricter power value, lower than its usual fixed upper limit, from the outset. In the initial phase after the handover, a deterministic, low-radiation-exposure safety foundation is created for the entire system. Limiting the power uniformly to Plimit-3 (i.e., half of the theoretically safe power) is equivalent to reserving a 50% radiation budget safety margin in the first time period.

[0097] In the embodiments of this disclosure, after the first time period ends, the second time period begins. For the WLAN that has been switched to and uses fixed power control, the system needs to determine a long-term stable upper limit for the transmit power, namely the fourth transmit power value. The long-term operating point of the fixed power mode is set at the theoretical safety boundary power (the first transmit power value). Plimit is a calculated power value that ensures that continuous transmission within the target duration exactly reaches the radiation limit. Using this as an upper limit can provide a clear and safe power constraint for the fixed power operating mode of the WLAN.

[0098] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, a mechanism is specified for determining the subsequent power upper limit based on the theoretical safety boundary power (first transmit power value) for the scenario of switching from dynamic power mode to fixed power mode. This provides a clear and safe power setting benchmark for fixed power mode during the handover recovery period, ensuring SAR compliance in this scenario.

[0099] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: after the electronic device switches from a state using a second data type to a state using a first data type at a target time, in response to the electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type during a first time period, controlling the electronic device to transmit a wireless signal using a third transmission power value as the transmission power limit during the first time period; and in response to the end of the first time period, controlling the electronic device to transmit a wireless signal based on the transmission power limit corresponding to the state using the second data type.

[0100] In embodiments of this disclosure, after the electronic device switches from using a second data type to using a first data type at a target time, in response to the electronic device switching from using the first data type to using the second data type during a first time period, the electronic device is controlled to transmit a wireless signal using a third transmit power value as the upper limit of transmit power during the first time period. This step occurs within an initiated transition period from the second data type (dynamic power, such as WWAN) to the first data type (fixed power, such as WLAN). At this time, the device is in the first time period starting from the target time and is operating in the first data type (WLAN) mode. Before the first time period ends, the data type used by the device changes again, switching back from the current first data type (WLAN) to the second data type (WWAN).

[0101] In the embodiments of this disclosure, this step specifies an instantaneous power control strategy for the aforementioned complex scenarios. When the system detects that the communication mode has switched back from WLAN to WWAN during the first time period after the switch, regardless of how much time has passed since the first time period, the system will immediately execute a uniform mandatory measure. For the remaining time of the first time period, the control device (which is now in WWAN mode) will use the third transmit power value as its upper limit for transmit power.

[0102] For example, a device switches from WWAN to WLAN, initiating a first period of 50 seconds. At the 20th second, the WLAN connection unexpectedly drops, and the device automatically switches back to WWAN. At this point, the system immediately sets the WWAN transmit power limit to the third transmit power value, and this restriction remains in effect until the end of the first period (i.e., the next 30 seconds).

[0103] In embodiments of this disclosure, in response to the end of a first time period, the controlled electronic device transmits a wireless signal based on the transmit power limit corresponding to the state using the second data type. This power limit is determined by the conventional power control strategy that should be followed when the electronic device is operating normally under the second data type (such as WWAN). For the second data type with algorithms such as Smart Transmit (ST) enabled, this limit is dynamically variable.

[0104] In embodiments of this disclosure, it is specified that after the first time period ends, the system removes the previously imposed Plimit-3dB limit and returns power control of the device to the inherent, conventional power management mechanism of the second data type (WWAN).

[0105] For example, after the first period ends, the system will allow the WWAN transmit power limit to return to the state of dynamic management by the ST algorithm, which will autonomously determine the subsequent power limit within the regulatory framework based on information such as historical exposure budgets.

[0106] The embodiments of this disclosure provide explicit and secure processing rules for complex boundary scenarios involving a second reverse handover during the transition period. These rules enforce strict power limits for the remaining first time period and restore dynamic algorithm control after that period ends. The method of this embodiment ensures that SAR compliance throughout the entire evaluation window is maintained even in extreme cases of frequent mode oscillations, enhancing the robustness and completeness of the solution.

[0107] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: determining an upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a second time window based on the type of data used by the electronic device after the target time; and controlling the electronic device to transmit wireless signals based on the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the second time window so that the electronic device meets the target conditions within the second time window; wherein the second time window is located after the first time window.

[0108] In embodiments of this disclosure, the data type used after the target time refers to the wireless communication mode that the electronic device is stably in or subsequently switches to after the target time of the communication mode switching occurs. For example, after switching from a wireless local area network (WLAN) to a wireless wide area network (WWAN), the device may continue to use WWAN. Alternatively, it may subsequently switch back to WLAN.

[0109] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second time window is another complete time assessment window following the first time window. Its length is also equal to the target duration (e.g., 100 seconds) specified by SAR regulations. The second time window may be adjacent to or spaced apart from the first time window on the time axis, but they share the common feature of being independent observation windows used to assess whether the equipment meets the "target conditions".

[0110] In embodiments of this disclosure, the upper limit of the transmit power of the electronic device within a second time window is determined based on the type of data used by the electronic device after the target time. After the first time window (i.e., the window for special power control in response to the handover event) ends, the device enters the subsequent normal or steady-state operation phase. The system needs to determine a suitable upper limit of transmit power for the second time window.

[0111] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the power limit is determined based on the type of data actually used by the device after the target time. That is, the system no longer uses the switching event as the trigger condition for forced intervention, but instead reverts to the conventional power control logic based on the current communication mode itself to determine the power limit.

[0112] For example, the device switches from WLAN to WWAN at time t0 and undergoes special power control during the first time window (t0 to t0+100 seconds). From t0+100 seconds onwards, it enters the second time window. If the device is still using WWAN at this time, the system will dynamically calculate and determine the upper limit of the transmit power within this second time window based on the Smart Transmit (ST) algorithm built into the WWAN mode.

[0113] In embodiments of this disclosure, the electronic device's wireless signal transmission is controlled based on the upper limit of its transmission power within a second time window, ensuring that the electronic device meets target conditions within the second time window. After determining the upper limit of the transmission power for the second time window, the system uses this upper limit to constrain the device's wireless signal transmission throughout the entire window period. The ultimate goal is to ensure that the device independently meets the target conditions within this second time window, i.e., the cumulative radiation value within the window does not exceed regulatory limits.

[0114] For example, within the second time window, WWAN's ST algorithm will intelligently allocate power before and after the window based on the exposure budget allowed by regulations. It may allow higher power transmission in the early stages and lower power in the later stages, while ensuring compliance with total radiation levels for the entire window (t0+100 seconds to t0+200 seconds). The system will execute the dynamic power cap determined by this algorithm, thereby achieving continuous compliance while optimizing performance.

[0115] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, a complete power control timing chain is constructed. After addressing the transient risks of switching in the first time window, a smooth transition is made to the normalized management of subsequent time windows. The method of this embodiment ensures that the device can adaptively maintain SAR compliance based on its current communication mode not only during the switching transition period but also during the subsequent long-term steady-state operation, achieving a sustainable and intelligent balance between radiation safety and performance.

[0116] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0117] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic device 400 includes: a wireless communication module 410 and a processor 420 communicatively connected to the wireless communication module; wherein, the wireless communication module 410 is used to transmit and receive wireless signals in the spatial environment where the electronic device is located; the processor 420 is used to: determine a first transmission power value that satisfies the target condition, and a second transmission power value that characterizes the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device; satisfying the target condition means that the cumulative radiation value of the wireless signal transmitted by the electronic device at the first transmission power value within a target duration is not greater than the target limited radiation value; in response to a change in the type of data used by the electronic device at a target time, determine the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; the starting time of the first time window is the target time; based on the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the first time window, control the electronic device to transmit wireless signals so that the electronic device satisfies the target condition within the target time window; the target time window includes the target time, and the lengths of the first time window and the target time window are both the target duration.

[0118] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the processor 420 can execute the signal transmission method described above.

[0119] According to embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0120] Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of an example electronic device used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0121] like Figure 5As shown, an electronic device 500 according to an embodiment of this application includes a processor 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory 502 or a program loaded from a storage portion 508 into a random access memory 503. The processor 501 may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor, an instruction set processor and / or an associated chipset and / or a dedicated microprocessor. The processor 501 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 501 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for executing different steps of the method flow according to an embodiment of this application.

[0122] Random access memory 503 stores various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 500. Processor 501, read-only memory 502, and random access memory 503 are interconnected via bus 504. Processor 501 executes various steps of the method flow according to embodiments of this application by executing programs stored in read-only memory 502 and / or random access memory 503. It should be noted that programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than read-only memory 502 and random access memory 503. Processor 501 may also execute various steps of the method flow according to embodiments of this application by executing programs stored in one or more memories.

[0123] According to embodiments of this application, the electronic device 500 may further include an input / output interface 505, which is also connected to a bus 504. The electronic device 500 may also include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output interface 505: an input section 506 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 507 including a cathode ray tube, liquid crystal display, etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 508 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card, such as a local area network card, modem, etc. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 510 is also connected to the input / output interface 505 as needed. A removable medium 511, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 510 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into the storage section 508 as needed.

[0124] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed, implement the method according to the embodiments of this application.

[0125] According to embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as including but not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory, read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, portable compact disk read-only memory, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. For example, according to embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium may include the read-only memory 502, and / or random access memory 503, and / or one or more memories other than read-only memory 502 and random access memory 503 described above.

[0126] Embodiments of this application also include a computer program product comprising a computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowchart. When the computer program product is run on a computer system, the program code is used to cause the computer system to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0127] In one embodiment, the computer program may rely on a tangible storage medium such as an optical storage device or a magnetic storage device. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted and distributed in the form of signals over a network medium, and may be downloaded and installed via the communication section 509, and / or installed from a removable medium 511. The program code contained in the computer program can be transmitted using any suitable network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0128] In embodiments of this application, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 509, and / or installed from removable medium 511. When the computer program is executed by processor 501, it performs the functions defined in the system of this application embodiment. According to embodiments of this application, the systems, devices, apparatuses, modules, units, etc., described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0129] According to embodiments of this application, program code for executing the computer programs provided in the embodiments of this application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computational programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0130] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0131] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this application. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this application. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, applied to an electronic device, the method comprising: Determine a first transmit power value that satisfies the target condition, and a second transmit power value that characterizes the upper limit of the transmit power of the electronic device; Meeting the target condition indicates that the cumulative radiation value of the wireless signal emitted by the electronic device at the first transmission power value within the target duration is not greater than the target limit radiation value; In response to a change in the data type used by the electronic device at a target time, the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window is determined based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value. The starting time of the first time window is the target time; Based on the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the first time window, the electronic device is controlled to transmit wireless signals so that the electronic device meets the target condition within the target time window; the target time window includes the target time, and the length of both the first time window and the target time window is the target duration.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value comprises: The third transmission power value is determined based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; Wherein, the third transmission power value is less than the first transmission power value, the electronic device uses the third transmission power value as the upper limit of transmission power in the first time period, the start time of the first time period is the target time, and the first time window includes the first time period.

3. According to claim 2, after the electronic device transmits a wireless signal at the first transmission power value for the target duration, the cumulative radiation value of the electronic device is equal to the target radiation limit value.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value further comprises: The fourth transmit power value is determined based on the changes in the data types used by the electronic device before and after the target time; Wherein, the fourth transmission power value is greater than the third transmission power value, and the electronic device uses the fourth transmission power value as the upper limit of transmission power in the second time period. The first time window includes the second time period, the second time period is located after the first time period, and the second time period has the same duration as the first time period.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the first data type is a fixed value, and the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the second data type is not a fixed value; The step of determining the fourth transmit power value based on the changes in the data types used by the electronic device before and after the target time includes: In response to the electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type at the target time, the fourth transmission power value is determined based on the third transmission power value.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein determining the fourth transmission power value based on the third transmission power value in response to the electronic device switching from a state using a first data type to a state using a second data type at the target time includes: The fourth transmission power value is determined based on the difference between the third transmission power value and the first transmission power value; The first time window consists of the first time period and the second time period.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the first data type is a fixed value, and the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device when using the second data type is not a fixed value; The step of determining the fourth transmit power value based on the changes in the data types used by the electronic device before and after the target time includes: In response to the electronic device switching from a state using a second data type to a state using a first data type at the target time, the fourth transmission power value is determined based on the first transmission power value.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: After the electronic device switches from using the second data type to using the first data type at the target time, in response to the electronic device switching from using the first data type to using the second data type during the first time period, the electronic device is controlled to transmit a wireless signal using the third transmission power value as the transmission power limit during the first time period; In response to the end of the first time period, the electronic device is controlled to transmit a wireless signal based on the upper limit of the transmit power corresponding to the state using the second data type.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Based on the data type of the electronic device used after the target time, determine the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the second time window; Based on the upper limit of the electronic device's transmission power within the second time window, the electronic device is controlled to transmit wireless signals so that the electronic device meets the target conditions within the second time window; The second time window is located after the first time window.

10. An electronic device, comprising: A wireless communication module and a processor communicatively connected to the wireless communication module; wherein... The wireless communication module is used to transmit and receive wireless signals in the spatial environment where the electronic device is located. The processor is used for: A first transmission power value that satisfies the target condition is determined, and a second transmission power value that characterizes the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device; satisfying the target condition means that the cumulative radiation value of the wireless signal transmitted by the electronic device at the first transmission power value within the target duration is not greater than the target limit radiation value; In response to a change in the data type used by the electronic device at a target time, an upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within a first time window is determined based on the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; the starting time of the first time window is the target time. Based on the upper limit of the transmission power of the electronic device within the first time window, the electronic device is controlled to transmit wireless signals so that the electronic device meets the target condition within the target time window; the target time window includes the target time, and the length of both the first time window and the target time window is the target duration.

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