Display device and electronic device including the same

Abstract

The display device includes a display for outputting a screen image in a first direction, and a lens assembly including at least three lenses sequentially aligned along an optical axis so as to focus or direct a picture output from the display to a designated direction / designated position. The lens assembly can cause the picture output from the display to be reflected at least twice between a first lens, which is arranged farthest from the display among the at least three lenses, and an n-th lens, which is arranged closest to the display among the at least three lenses. The display can be arranged to be movable in a direction crossing the first direction or a direction crossing the optical axis. The display device can satisfy [condition expression 1: 0.02 ≤ MD / DSP ≤ 0.2] related to a diagonal length (DSP) of the display and a distance (MD) measured in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis as a distance from the optical axis to the center of the display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electronic device, and more specifically, to a display device and / or an electronic device including a display device. Background Technology

[0002] Portable electronic devices (e.g., electronic notebooks, portable multimedia players, mobile communication terminals, or tablet PCs) are typically equipped with a display component (e.g., a display module) and a battery, and have a strip-shaped, foldable, or sliding appearance due to the shape of the display component or battery. Recently, with improvements in the performance and miniaturization of display components and batteries, electronic devices that can be worn on a part of the user's body (such as the wrist or head) or in the form of clothing have emerged (hereinafter referred to as "wearable electronic devices").

[0003] Examples of wearable electronic devices include head-mounted devices (HMDs), smart glasses, smartwatches (or wristbands), contact lens devices, ring devices, and clothing / shoe / glove devices. These wearable electronic devices are easy to carry, thereby improving user accessibility.

[0004] As an example, an HMD is a device worn on a user's head or face that allows the user to view virtual images in three-dimensional space by projecting images onto the user's retina. For instance, HMDs can be categorized into see-through HMDs, which are designed to provide augmented reality (AR) experiences, and closed-type HMDs, which are designed to provide virtual reality (VR) experiences. See-through HMDs can be implemented, for example, in the form of glasses, and can provide the user with information about buildings, objects, etc., within the user's field of view in the form of images or text. Closed-type HMDs output independent images to the user's eyes and provide content (games, movies, streaming media, broadcasts, etc.) provided from mobile communication terminals or external inputs to the user, thus providing a superior sense of immersion. Furthermore, HMDs can be used to provide mixed reality (MR) or extended reality (XR) experiences, which are a blend of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR).

[0005] Recently, product development related to HMDs has been actively underway, and HMDs are used for various purposes, such as military, gaming, industrial, and medical applications. Therefore, there is a need for HMDs that can provide good image quality while being smaller and lighter.

[0006] The above information is presented as prior art to aid in understanding the purposes of this disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Technical solution According to the present invention, a display device may include: a display configured to output an image on a screen along a first direction; and a lens assembly including at least three lenses arranged sequentially along an optical axis, and configured to focus or guide the screen output from the display to a predetermined direction or predetermined position. In an embodiment, the lens assembly may be configured to reflect the screen output from the display at least twice between a first lens and an nth lens, the first lens being configured to be furthest from the display among the at least three lenses, and the nth lens being configured to be closest to the display among the at least three lenses. In an embodiment, the display may be configured to be movable in a direction intersecting the first direction or in a direction intersecting the optical axis. In an embodiment, the display device may satisfy [conditional expression 1] (as shown below) with respect to the diagonal length DSP of the display and the distance MD from the optical axis to the center of the display when measured along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

[0008] [Conditional Expression 1] 0.02≤MD / DSP≤0.2.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device may include a first display device and a second display device disposed on one side of the first display device. In an embodiment, at least one of the first display device or the second display device may include: a display configured to output an image on a screen along a first direction; and a lens assembly including at least three lenses arranged sequentially along an optical axis, and configured to focus or guide the screen output from the display to a predetermined direction or predetermined position. In an embodiment, the lens assembly may be configured to reflect the screen output from the display at least twice between a first lens and an nth lens, wherein the first lens is configured to be furthest from the display among the at least three lenses, and the nth lens is configured to be closest to the display among the at least three lenses. In an embodiment, the display may be configured to be movable in a direction intersecting the first direction or in a direction intersecting the optical axis. In an embodiment, the electronic device, the first display device, and / or the second display device may satisfy the following [conditional expression 1] and [conditional expression 2].

[0010] [Conditional Expression 1] 0.02≤MD / DSP≤0.2.

[0011] [Conditional Expression 2] 0.2≤(LD-DSP) / TTL≤0.7.

[0012] Wherein, “DSP” can be the diagonal length of the display, “MD” can be the distance from the optical axis to the center of the display measured along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, “LD” can be the largest outer diameter among at least three lenses, and “TTL” can be the distance from the display to the first lens surface of the first lens along the optical axis, wherein the first lens surface can refer to the surface of the first lens that is disposed opposite to the surface facing the display. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The above and other aspects, features and / or advantages of the present invention will become more readily understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device in a network environment according to an embodiment.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a wearable electronic device and a user according to an embodiment.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a perspective view showing the front side of a wearable electronic device according to an embodiment.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a perspective view showing the rear side of a wearable electronic device according to an embodiment.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the path by which a light beam output from a display is focused or directed to the user's eye in a wearable electronic device according to an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the wearing state of a display device / electronic device including a display according to an embodiment.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the field of view of a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the field of view (or viewing angle) of a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating the state of motion of the display in a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the position of the display before and after movement in a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment.

[0024] Figure 11This is a diagram illustrating the field of view (or viewing angle) of a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment, based on the movement of the display.

[0025] Figure 12 This is a front view of a user showing the state in which the display in a display device / electronic device including a display device moves in another direction according to an embodiment.

[0026] Figure 13 This is a perspective view illustrating the rotational or tilting motion of a display in a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment.

[0027] Figure 14 This is a side view of a user showing the state in which the display in a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment is rotated or tilted about the X-axis.

[0028] Figure 15 This is a top view of a user showing the state in which the display in a display device / electronic device including a display device according to an embodiment is rotated or tilted about the Y-axis.

[0029] Figure 16 This is a front view of the user showing the state in which the display in the display device / electronic device including the display device is rotated or tilted about the Z-axis according to the embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In electronic devices that provide visual information when worn on a user's head or face (such as head-mounted wearable devices), there can be difficulties in providing a comfortable fit, reducing user fatigue, and delivering good-quality images. For example, the specifications of the display or optical system (e.g., lens assembly) may be limited when considering fit or user fatigue, which may make it difficult to provide high-quality images. Furthermore, C-shaped closed-type HMDs may present greater difficulties in meeting user requirements regarding fit or image quality when considering the user's body shape (e.g., facial shape). For example, the human horizontal field of view is approximately 200 degrees relative to the eyes, but when implementing electronic devices (e.g., HMDs) capable of satisfying the user's field of view through a combination of display and optical systems, it may be difficult to reduce user fatigue.

[0031] The embodiments of this disclosure will at least solve the above-described problems and / or disadvantages and provide at least the advantages described later, and provide a display device and / or an electronic device including a display device that can reduce user fatigue by providing a comfortable fit when worn.

[0032] Embodiments of this disclosure will provide a display device and / or an electronic device including a display device, which is capable of providing a comfortable fit to achieve high-quality images and has optical performance (e.g., field of view) that matches the user's viewing angle.

[0033] The beneficial effects that can be obtained through this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains from the following description.

[0034] The following description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, is provided to aid in a comprehensive understanding of the various embodiments of this disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The exemplary embodiments set forth in the following description include specific details to aid understanding, but are considered as one of various embodiments. Therefore, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the various embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and technical spirit of this disclosure. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted.

[0035] The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to their literal meaning, but are used to clearly and consistently describe the various embodiments set forth herein. Therefore, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of this disclosure is provided for illustrative purposes only and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the claims or their equivalents.

[0036] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, it should be understood that the singular forms of words such as “a,” “one,” or “the” also include the meaning as plural forms. Thus, for example, “component surface” can refer to one or more of the component surfaces.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 101 in a network environment 100 according to various embodiments. (Refer to...) Figure 1In network environment 100, electronic device 101 can communicate with electronic device 102 via a first network 198 (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or with at least one of electronic device 104 or server 108 via a second network 199 (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to an embodiment, electronic device 101 can communicate with electronic device 104 via server 108. According to an embodiment, electronic device 101 may include a processor 120, memory 130, input module 150, sound output module 155, display module 160, audio module 170, sensor module 176, interface 177, connection terminal 178, haptic module 179, camera module 180, power management module 188, battery 189, communication module 190, user identification module (SIM) 196, or antenna module 197. In some embodiments, at least one of the above components (e.g., connection terminal 178) may be omitted from electronic device 101, or one or more other components may be added to electronic device 101. In some embodiments, some of the components described above (e.g., sensor module 176, camera module 180, or antenna module 197) may be implemented as a single component (e.g., display module 160).

[0038] Processor 120 may run software (e.g., program 140) to control at least one other component (e.g., hardware or software component) of electronic device 101 in conjunction with processor 120, and may perform various data processing or calculations. According to one embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or calculation, processor 120 may store commands or data received from another component (e.g., sensor module 176 or communication module 190) in volatile memory 132, process the commands or data stored in volatile memory 132, and store the resulting data in non-volatile memory 134. According to embodiments, processor 120 may include a main processor 121 (e.g., central processing unit (CPU) or application processor (AP)) or a coprocessor 123 (e.g., graphics processing unit (GPU), neural processing unit (NPU), image signal processor (ISP), sensor central processor, or communication processor (CP)) that is operationally independent of or combined with main processor 121. For example, when electronic device 101 includes a main processor 121 and a coprocessor 123, the coprocessor 123 may be adapted to consume less power than the main processor 121, or to be dedicated to a specific function. The coprocessor 123 may be implemented separately from the main processor 121, or may be implemented as part of the main processor 121.

[0039] When the main processor 121 is inactive (e.g., in sleep) state, the coprocessor 123 (rather than the main processor 121) can control at least some of the functions or states associated with at least one component of the electronic device 101 (e.g., display module 160, sensor module 176, or communication module 190), or when the main processor 121 is active (e.g., running an application), the coprocessor 123 can work with the main processor 121 to control at least some of the functions or states associated with at least one component of the electronic device 101 (e.g., display module 160, sensor module 176, or communication module 190). According to embodiments, the coprocessor 123 (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as part of another component (e.g., camera module 180 or communication module 190) functionally associated with the coprocessor 123. According to embodiments, the coprocessor 123 (e.g., a neural processing unit) may include hardware architecture dedicated to artificial intelligence model processing. Artificial intelligence models can be generated through machine learning. For example, such learning can be performed via an electronic device 101 that executes the artificial intelligence model or via a separate server (e.g., server 108). The learning algorithm may include, but is not limited to, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning. The artificial intelligence model may include multiple layers of artificial neural networks. The artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of these, but is not limited thereto. Additionally or optionally, the artificial intelligence model may include software structures in addition to hardware structures.

[0040] Memory 130 may store various data used by at least one component of electronic device 101 (e.g., processor 120 or sensor module 176). The various data may include, for example, software (e.g., program 140) and input or output data for commands associated with it. Memory 130 may include volatile memory 132 or non-volatile memory 134.

[0041] The program 140 may be stored as software in the memory 130, and the program 140 may include, for example, an operating system (OS) 142, middleware 144, or application 146.

[0042] Input module 150 can receive commands or data from outside electronic device 101 (e.g., a user) that will be used by other components of electronic device 101 (e.g., processor 120). Input module 150 may include, for example, a microphone, mouse, keyboard, keys (e.g., buttons), or digital pen (e.g., stylus).

[0043] The sound output module 155 can output sound signals to the outside of the electronic device 101. The sound output module 155 may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker can be used for general purposes such as playing multimedia or playing records. The receiver can be used to receive incoming calls. According to an embodiment, the receiver can be implemented separately from the speaker or as part of the speaker.

[0044] Display module 160 can visually provide information to the outside of electronic device 101 (e.g., to a user). Display module 160 may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector, and control circuitry for controlling a respective one of the display, holographic device, and projector. According to an embodiment, display module 160 may include a touch sensor adapted to detect touch or a pressure sensor adapted to measure the intensity of the force caused by touch.

[0045] The audio module 170 can convert sound into electrical signals and vice versa. According to an embodiment, the audio module 170 can acquire sound via the input module 150, or output sound via the sound output module 155 or via headphones of an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102) that is directly (e.g., wired) or wirelessly connected to the electronic device 101.

[0046] Sensor module 176 can detect the operating state of electronic device 101 (e.g., power or temperature) or the environmental state outside electronic device 101 (e.g., user state), and then generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to embodiments, sensor module 176 may include, for example, a gesture sensor, gyroscope sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, magnetic sensor, accelerometer, grip sensor, proximity sensor, color sensor, infrared (IR) sensor, biometric sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, or illuminance sensor.

[0047] Interface 177 may support one or more specific protocols used to enable electronic device 101 to be directly (e.g., wired) or wirelessly coupled to external electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102). According to embodiments, interface 177 may include, for example, a High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a Secure Digital Card (SD) interface, or an audio interface.

[0048] Connection terminal 178 may include a connector, through which electronic device 101 may be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102). According to embodiments, connection terminal 178 may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0049] The haptic module 179 can convert electrical signals into mechanical stimuli (e.g., vibration or motion) or electrical stimuli that can be recognized by a user through his touch or kinesthesia. According to an embodiment, the haptic module 179 may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electrical stimulator.

[0050] Camera module 180 can capture still or moving images. According to an embodiment, camera module 180 may include one or more lenses, an image sensor, an image signal processor, or a flash.

[0051] The power management module 188 manages the power supply to the electronic device 101. According to one embodiment, the power management module 188 may be implemented as at least part of, for example, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0052] Battery 189 can power at least one component of electronic device 101. According to an embodiment, battery 189 may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable rechargeable battery, or a fuel cell.

[0053] Communication module 190 can support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) or wireless communication channel between electronic device 101 and external electronic devices (e.g., electronic device 102, electronic device 104, or server 108), and perform communication via the established communication channel. Communication module 190 may include one or more communication processors capable of operating independently of processor 120 (e.g., application processor (AP)) and supporting direct (e.g., wired) or wireless communication. According to embodiments, communication module 190 may include wireless communication module 192 (e.g., cellular communication module, short-range wireless communication module, or Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) communication module) or wired communication module 194 (e.g., local area network (LAN) communication module or power line communication (PLC) module). One of these communication modules may communicate with an external electronic device 104 via a first network 198 (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Direct, or Infrared Data Association (IrDA)) or a second network 199 (e.g., a long-range communication network such as a traditional cellular network, 5G network, next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a LAN or a wide area network (WAN))). These various types of communication modules may be implemented as a single component (e.g., a single chip) or as multiple components separate from each other (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module 192 may use user information (e.g., an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)) stored in the user identification module 196 to identify or verify the electronic device 101 in the communication network (such as the first network 198 or the second network 199).

[0054] Wireless communication module 192 can support 5G networks following 4G networks and next-generation communication technologies (such as new radio (NR) access technologies). NR access technologies can support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), or ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). Wireless communication module 192 can support high-frequency bands (e.g., millimeter-wave bands) to achieve, for example, high data transmission rates. Wireless communication module 192 can support various technologies used to ensure performance in high-frequency bands, such as, for example, beamforming, massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, or massive antennas. Wireless communication module 192 can support various requirements specified in electronic device 101, external electronic devices (e.g., electronic device 104), or network systems (e.g., second network 199). According to an embodiment, the wireless communication module 192 may support peak data rates (e.g., 20 Gbps or greater) for implementing eMBB, lost coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for implementing mMTC, or U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for each of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or 1 ms or less round trip) for implementing URLLC.

[0055] Antenna module 197 can transmit or receive signals or power to or from the outside of electronic device 101 (e.g., external electronic device). According to an embodiment, the antenna module may include an antenna comprising a radiating element formed of a conductive material or conductive pattern formed in or on a substrate (e.g., a printed circuit board (PCB)). According to an embodiment, antenna module 197 may include multiple antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication scheme used in a communication network (such as a first network 198 or a second network 199) can be selected from the multiple antennas by, for example, communication module 190. Signals or power can then be transmitted or received between communication module 190 and the external electronic device via the selected at least one antenna. According to an embodiment, additional components besides the radiating element (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as part of antenna module 197.

[0056] According to an embodiment, antenna module 197 can form a millimeter-wave antenna module. According to an embodiment, the millimeter-wave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC, and multiple antennas (e.g., an array antenna), wherein the RFIC is disposed on a first surface (e.g., the bottom surface) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the first surface and capable of supporting a specified high-frequency band (e.g., a millimeter-wave band), and the multiple antennas are disposed on a second surface (e.g., the top surface or a side surface) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the second surface and capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the specified high-frequency band.

[0057] At least some of the aforementioned components can be interconnected and communicate signals (e.g., commands or data) between them via an inter-peripheral communication scheme (e.g., bus, general purpose input / output (GPIO), serial peripheral interface (SPI), or mobile industrial processor interface (MIPI)).

[0058] According to an embodiment, commands or data can be sent or received between electronic device 101 and external electronic device 104 via server 108 connected to a second network 199. Each of electronic device 102 or electronic device 104 can be a device of the same type as electronic device 101, or a device of a different type. According to an embodiment, all or some of the operations that would run in electronic device 101 can run in one or more of external electronic devices 102, 104, or 108. For example, if electronic device 101 is to automatically perform a function or service or should perform a function or service in response to a request from a user or another device, electronic device 101 may request the one or more external electronic devices to perform at least a portion of the function or service instead of running the function or service, or electronic device 101 may request the one or more external electronic devices to perform at least a portion of the function or service in addition to running the function or service. Upon receiving the request, the one or more external electronic devices may perform at least a portion of the requested function or service, or perform additional functions or services related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to electronic device 101. Electronic device 101 may provide the result as at least a partial response to the request, with or without further processing of the result. For this purpose, technologies such as cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing may be used. Electronic device 101 may use, for example, distributed computing or mobile edge computing to provide ultra-low latency services. In another embodiment, external electronic device 104 may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. Server 108 may be an intelligent server using machine learning and / or neural networks. According to embodiments, external electronic device 104 or server 108 may be included in a second network 199. Electronic device 101 may be applied to intelligent services based on 5G communication technology or IoT-related technologies (e.g., smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, or healthcare).

[0059] The electronic device according to the embodiments can be one of various types of electronic devices. The electronic device may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a home appliance. According to embodiments of this disclosure, the electronic device is not limited to the electronic devices described above.

[0060] It should be understood that the embodiments of this disclosure and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features set forth herein to the specific embodiments, but rather to include various changes, equivalents, or substitutions for the corresponding embodiments. In the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. It will be understood that, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form of the noun corresponding to an item may include one or more things. As used herein, each of the phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C” may include any one or all possible combinations of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase among the plurality of phrases. As used herein, terms such as “first” and “second” or “first” and “second” may be used only to distinguish the corresponding component from another component and do not limit the component in other respects (e.g., importance or order). It will be understood that if, when the terms “operational location” or “communication location” are used, or when the terms “operational location” or “communication location” are not used, an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to as “combined with another element (e.g., a second element),” “combined to another element (e.g., a second element),” “connected to another element (e.g., a second element),” or “attached to another element (e.g., a second element),” then it means that the first element can be directly (e.g., wiredly) combined with the second element, wirelessly combined with the second element, or combined with the second element via a third element.

[0061] As used in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure, the term "module" may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with other terms (e.g., "logic," "logic block," "component," or "circuit"). A module may be a single integrated component adapted to perform one or more functions, or the smallest unit or portion of such a single integrated component. For example, according to embodiments, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0062] The various embodiments set forth herein can be implemented as software (e.g., a program) comprising one or more instructions readable by a machine (e.g., an electronic device) stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal or external memory). For example, a processor of the machine (e.g., an electronic device) can invoke and execute at least one of the one or more instructions stored in the storage medium. This enables the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the invoked at least one instruction. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code executable by an interpreter. Machine-readable storage media can be provided in the form of non-transitory storage media. Here, the term "non-transitory" simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not include signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves), but this term does not distinguish between data being stored semi-permanently in the storage medium and data being temporarily stored in the storage medium.

[0063] According to embodiments, methods according to embodiments of this disclosure may be included and provided in a computer program product. The computer program product can be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)) or via an app store (e.g., the Play Store). TM The computer program product may be distributed online (e.g., downloaded or uploaded), or may be distributed (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) directly between two user devices (e.g., smartphones). If it is distributed online, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily generated, or at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored in a machine-readable storage medium (such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an app store's server, or a relay server).

[0064] According to embodiments, each of the above components (e.g., a module or program) may include a single entity or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separately located in different components. According to embodiments, one or more of the above components may be omitted, or one or more other components may be added. Optionally or additionally, multiple components (e.g., modules or programs) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, according to various embodiments, the integrated component may still perform the one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as the corresponding component of the multiple components performed one or more functions before integration. According to embodiments, the operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be performed sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be run in a different order or omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a wearable electronic device 200 according to an embodiment.

[0066] In describing embodiments of the present invention, some numerical values ​​may be presented; however, it should be noted that these values ​​do not limit the embodiments of this disclosure unless specifically described in the claims.

[0067] In the embodiments and referenced Figure 2 Wearable electronic devices 200 (e.g., Figure 1 The electronic device 101 is a wearable electronic device worn on a user's head or face, wherein the user is able to visually identify surrounding objects or environments when wearing the wearable electronic device 200. The wearable electronic device 200 may use a camera module to acquire and / or identify visual images of objects or environments that the user is looking at or located in the direction the wearable electronic device 200 is facing, and may receive information about objects or environments from external electronic devices via a network. The wearable electronic device 200 may provide the received information about objects or environments to the user in acoustic or visual form. For example, the wearable electronic device 200 may provide the received information about objects or environments to the user in visual form by using a display component such as a display module. By visually realizing information about objects or environments and combining visual images with actual images (or videos) of the user's surrounding environment, the wearable electronic device 200 may provide users with augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), and / or extended reality (XR) interfaces. Display components can provide users with information about the objects or environment around them by outputting actual images (or videos) of augmented reality objects added to the user's environment.

[0068] According to embodiments, all or some operations performed in electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200 may be performed in one or more external electronic devices 102, 104, or 108. For example, when electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200 wishes to perform certain functions or services automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200 may request one or more external electronic devices 102, 104, and 108 to perform at least some of the functions or services in its place, or may request one or more external electronic devices 102, 104, and 108 to perform at least some of the functions or services in addition to performing the functions or services itself. One or more external electronic devices 102, 104, and 108 that have received the above request may perform at least some of the requested functions or services, or additional functions or services associated with the request, and may transmit the execution result to electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200. Electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200 may provide the result as is as part of a response to a request, or it may further process the result and provide the processed result as at least part of a response to a request. For example, external electronic device 102 may render content data executed in an application, and then transfer the content data to electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200, wherein electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200 receiving the content data may output the content data to a display module. When electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200 detects the user's motion via a sensor such as an inertial measurement unit sensor, the processor of electronic device 101 or wearable electronic device 200 (e.g., Figure 1 The processor 120 in the device can correct the rendered data received from the external electronic device 102 based on motion information and output the corrected data to the display module. In another embodiment, when the user's motion is detected by a sensor, the processor of the electronic device 101 or the wearable electronic device 200 (e.g., ...) can... Figure 1 The processor 120 in the middle can send motion information to the external electronic device 102 and request the rendering of the motion information, thereby updating the screen data according to the motion information. According to various embodiments, the external electronic device 102 can be any of various types of devices, such as a box device capable of storing and charging the electronic device 101.

[0069] In the following detailed description, the “state or position of the electronic device or a predetermined component of the electronic device facing the user’s face” may be described differently, and it should be noted that this describes an embodiment of the user wearing the wearable electronic device 200.

[0070] According to an embodiment, the wearable electronic device 200 may include at least one display component and a wearable component. Depending on the structure of the display component, the wearable electronic device 200 may also include a structure for mounting the display component or for supporting the display component (e.g., a lens frame). A pair of display components, including a first display component and a second display component, may be provided, wherein the first display component and the second display component may be configured to correspond to the user's right eye and left eye, respectively, when the wearable electronic device 200 is worn on the user's body. In an embodiment, the wearable electronic device 200 may include a housing shape (e.g., a goggle-like shape) having a single display component corresponding to the user's right and left eyes.

[0071] According to an embodiment, the display component is a component provided to provide visual information to a user and may include, for example, a display D, a plurality of lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 (e.g., a lens assembly) and / or at least one sensor. Here, each of the lens assembly and the display D may be transparent or translucent. However, the display component is not limited thereto. In an embodiment, the display component may include a window component, wherein the window component may be translucent glass, or it may be a component whose light transmittance can be adjusted by adjusting its tint density.

[0072] According to embodiments, the display component may include lenses or reflective lenses having waveguides, and may provide visual information to a user by forming an image output from a light output device (e.g., a projector or display D) on each lens. For example, the display component may refer to a display in which a waveguide (e.g., an optical waveguide) may be included in at least a portion of each lens, and through which an image (or beam of light) output from a light output device may be transmitted to the user's eye, and through which an image of the real world may be transmitted to the user's eye in a see-through manner. In another embodiment, the waveguide may be understood as part of a lens assembly, as described later. Figure 5 or Figure 6 In the lens assembly LA, the waveguide can be omitted in the display component that combines multiple lenses (e.g., L1, L2, L3, and L4) and reflective elements.

[0073] According to an embodiment, the lens assembly LA has a construction including multiple lenses (e.g., L1, L2, L3, and L4) but not a waveguide, and can be disposed within a space within the wearable electronics device 200 to align with the optical axis (e.g., Figure 6 Align the optical axis (O) in the middle. The following will refer to... Figure 5 Let's revisit the construction of the visual information output from the display D and presented to the user's eye via the lens assembly.

[0074] Figure 3 and Figure 4This is a diagram showing the front and rear sides of a wearable electronic device 300 according to an embodiment.

[0075] In the embodiments and referenced Figure 3 and Figure 4 Camera modules 311, 312, 313, 314, 315 and 316 and / or depth sensor 317 configured to acquire information related to the environment surrounding the wearable electronic device 300 may be provided and / or may be disposed on the first surface 310 (e.g., housing) of the electronic device 300.

[0076] In an embodiment, camera modules 311 and 312 can acquire images related to the environment surrounding the wearable electronic device.

[0077] In embodiments, camera modules 313, 314, 315, and 316 can acquire images when a user wears a wearable electronic device. Camera modules 313, 314, 315, and 316 can be used for hand detection and tracking, or user pose (e.g., gesture) recognition. Camera modules 313, 314, 315, and 316 can also be used for 3-DOF or 6-DOF head tracking, position (space, environment) recognition, and / or motion recognition. In embodiments, camera modules 311 and 312 can be used for hand detection and tracking, or to recognize or detect user poses.

[0078] In an embodiment, depth sensor 317 may be configured to transmit and receive signals reflected from a subject / object, and may be used to identify the distance to the object, such as time-of-flight (TOF). As an alternative to or supplement to depth sensor 317, camera modules 313, 314, 315, and 316 may identify the distance to the object.

[0079] According to an embodiment, facial recognition camera modules 325 and 326 and / or display 331 (and / or lens) may be disposed on the second surface 320 of the housing.

[0080] In this embodiment, the face recognition camera modules 325 and 326, which are disposed adjacent to the display, can be used to recognize the user's face, or to recognize and / or track one or both of the user's eyes.

[0081] In one embodiment, the display 331 (and / or lens) may be disposed on the second surface 320 of the wearable electronic device 300. In another embodiment, the display 331 (and / or lens) may be... Figure 2 The displays D (and / or lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4) are at least partially similar or substantially identical. In embodiments, the wearable electronics 300 may not include camera modules 315 and 316 among the plurality of camera modules 313, 314, 315, and 316. Although not explicitly stated in Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, however, the wearable electronic device 300 may also include Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 At least one of the components shown.

[0082] In this embodiment, the display 331 can be understood as including a display module that outputs the image (e.g., Figure 1 The display module 160 in the image and the lens assembly that focuses the output image onto the user's eyes. Figure 4 It should be noted that in the structure of the display 331, reference numerals are assigned to the portion visible from the outside of the wearable electronic device 300, and indicate the lens positioned closest to the user's eyes.

[0083] As described above, according to the embodiments, the wearable electronic device 300 may have shape factors intended to be worn on a user's head. The wearable electronic device 300 may also include straps and / or wearing components for securing it to a part of the user's body. The wearable electronic device 300 may provide a user experience based on augmented reality, virtual reality, and / or mixed reality interfaces when worn on a user's head.

[0084] Figure 5 The path is shown in the wearable electronic device 300 according to an embodiment, in which a light beam output from a display D is focused or directed to the user's eye E.

[0085] In the embodiments and with Figure 2 Let's refer to it together. Figure 5 The wearable electronic device 300 may include a display D, a lens assembly LA (e.g., multiple lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4), one or more quarter-wave plates (QWPs) 203 and 205, at least one reflective polarizer (RP) 202, and / or at least one beamsplitter 204. In embodiments, the one or more quarter-wave plates 203 and 205, at least one reflective polarizer 202, and / or at least one beamsplitter 204 should be understood as part of the lens assembly LA. In embodiments, at least one of the multiple lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 may be movable to provide vision correction to the user by adjusting the refractive power.

[0086] According to embodiments, one or more quarter-wave plates 203 and 205, at least one reflective polarizer 202, and at least one beam splitter 204 can extend and / or adjust the length of the light propagation path between the user's eye E and the display D. For example, by implementing a focal length longer than the mechanical or physical length of the lens assembly LA, the lens assembly LA can provide a good quality image to the user when mounted on an electronics device small enough to be worn on the user's face. Wearable electronics (e.g., AR / VR glasses) are limited in size and weight due to the actual use environment (e.g., use in a worn state), which may limit the resolution of the output virtual image and may make it difficult to provide a high-quality image to the user, even through the optical system. According to embodiments, wearable electronics 300 can increase the optical path length of the incident beam relative to its form factor by including an optical system (e.g., lens assembly LA) with a flat lens structure, and / or improve the resolution of the image provided to the user. For example, wearable electronics 300 can be used as an optical device (e.g., AR / VR glasses) that provides visual information when worn on the user's head or face by including the display D and the lens assembly LA.

[0087] According to an embodiment, the display D may include a screen display area that exposes visual information to the portion corresponding to the user's eyes when the user wears the wearable electronic device 300. In an embodiment, the wearable electronic device 300 may include a pair of displays D corresponding to the user's eyes. The displays D may include, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, a micro-OLED display, a micro-LED display, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) display, or an electronic paper display. In an embodiment, the organic light-emitting diode display may be a display implemented on a silicon wafer (e.g., an OLED-on-silicon (OLEDoS) display). For example, the displays D may display various content (e.g., text, images, videos, icons, symbols, etc.) provided to the user as visual information.

[0088] According to an embodiment, various content (e.g., text, images, videos, icons, or symbols, etc.) output from the display D in the form of a beam can pass through one or more quarter-wave plates 203 and 205, at least one reflective polarizer 202, at least one beam splitter 204, and / or lens assembly LA to be provided to the user's eye. The order in which the beam passes through one or more quarter-wave plates 203 and 205, at least one reflective polarizer 202, at least one beam splitter 204, and / or lens assembly LA can be configured in various ways according to various embodiments.

[0089] According to an embodiment, the first quarter-wave plate 203 and the reflective polarizer 202 may be disposed on the user-eye-side surface of one of the two surfaces of the first lens L1 (hereinafter referred to as "first lens L1") in the lens assembly LA, closer to the user's eye E. The beam splitter 204 may be disposed on one of the two surfaces of the first lens L1 or the second lens L2 (hereinafter referred to as "second lens L2"), away from the user's eye E. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the beam splitter 204 may be disposed on the display-side surface of the second lens L2, and in another embodiment described later, the beam splitter may be disposed on the display-side surface of the first lens L1. Here, the description "disposed on XX" may mean disposed adjacent to XX or substantially in contact with XX. For example, the beam splitter 204 may be disposed adjacent to the display-side surface of the first lens L1 or the second lens L2, or substantially in contact with the display-side surface of the first lens L1 or the second lens L2.

[0090] In the illustrated embodiment, among a plurality of lenses (e.g., at least three lenses), the first lens L1 of the wearable electronics 300 or lens assembly LA can be understood as the lens positioned furthest from the display D or the lens positioned closest to the user's eye E. However, it should be noted that the invention is not limited thereto. For example, although not shown, the wearable electronics 300 or lens assembly LA may also include a transmissive optical element positioned further away from the display D than the first lens L1. In an embodiment, the transmissive optical element may have a refractive power that does not affect the optical performance of the wearable electronics 300 and / or lens assembly LA, as will be described later. In an embodiment, the transmissive optical element positioned further away from the display D than the first lens L1 may have a transmittance of about 90% or greater for visible light. In an embodiment, the transmissive optical element may have a transmittance close to about 100% for visible light. In the illustrated embodiment, reference numeral "201" indicates an illustrated first polarizer, but in another embodiment, the first polarizer may be omitted. In a configuration where the first polarizer is omitted, reference numeral "201" can be understood as indicating the aforementioned transmissive optical element. In an embodiment, the transmission optical component may be disposed between the first lens L1 and the first polarizer 201 or between the reflection polarizer 202 and the first polarizer 201.

[0091] In an embodiment, Figure 5The diagram shows a first quarter-wave plate 203 and / or a reflective polarizer 202 positioned adjacent to (or substantially in contact with) the user's eye-side surface of the two surfaces of the first lens L1, and a beam splitter 204 positioned adjacent to (or substantially in contact with) the display-side surface of the second lens L2 (or the first lens L1). In an embodiment, the reflective polarizer 202 may be constructed as a film, laminated with the first quarter-wave plate 203 to form a first film portion F1 (or a first polarizer), and attached to the first lens L1 to be positioned away from the user's eye. Here, the term "laminated" may mean that two different components are joined together by an adhesive disposed on at least one of the components. In an embodiment, when the first quarter-wave plate 203 and / or the reflective polarizer 202 are positioned in contact with a lens (e.g., the first lens L1) (e.g., when attached to one surface of the first lens L1), the surface of the first lens L1 in contact with the first quarter-wave plate 203 and / or the reflective polarizer 202 may be realized as a substantially flat surface.

[0092] According to an embodiment, compared to a film portion having a simple stacked structure, the first film portion F1, wherein the first quarter-wave plate 203 and the reflective polarizer 202 are laminated, can be thinner and can have superior optical performance. According to an embodiment, as... Figure 5 As shown, the wearable electronic device 300, lens assembly LA, and / or first film portion F1 may further include at least one separately disposed polarizing film (e.g., first polarizer 201), and as an alternative to or supplement to the polarizing film, at least one anti-reflective (AR) film (not shown) may also be included. In embodiments, when the wearable electronic device 300 and / or lens assembly LA further include a transmissive optical component (not shown), the transmissive optical component may be disposed between the reflective polarizer 202 and the first polarizer 201. For example, the first polarizer 201 may be understood as part of the first film portion F1 or as a component independent of the first film portion F1.

[0093] According to embodiments, liquid crystal displays, organic light-emitting diode displays, and / or micro-LED displays can provide good quality images by including polarizers. In embodiments, when the lens assembly LA also includes a first film portion F1 and / or a first polarizer 201, the image quality perceived by the user can be enhanced even when the display D outputs an image of the same quality. In another embodiment, when combined with a lens assembly LA including a first film portion F1, a second film portion F2, and / or a first polarizer 201, some polarizers can be omitted from the display D implemented with an organic light-emitting display or a micro-LED display. In embodiments, the lens assembly LA may include a first film portion F1 and / or a first polarizer 201, and the display D may include polarizers.

[0094] Reference Figure 5The first film portion F1 (or polarizer) may be positioned closer to the user's eye E than the lens assembly LA to selectively transmit, reflect, and / or block light beams entering the user's eye (e.g., light beams output from the display D). The beam splitter 204 may be disposed between the lenses of the lens assembly LA, for example, between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2, or between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3. The beam splitter 204 may be configured to transmit some of the light beam incident on it and reflect the remainder of the incident light beam. For example, the beam splitter 204 may be configured to transmit approximately 50% of the light beam and reflect approximately 50% of the light beam. In embodiments, the beam splitter 204 may be configured as, for example, a semi-transparent mirror, and may be configured as a mirror obtained by coating a surface of the first lens L1 or the second lens L2. Hereinafter, based on the functional aspect of the reflected light beam, the reflective polarizer 202 may be referred to as the "first reflecting member," and the beam splitter 204 may be referred to as the "second reflecting member."

[0095] In the following description, the direction from the user's eye E toward the display D may be referred to as the first direction, and the direction from the display D toward the user's eye E, opposite to the first direction, may be referred to as the second direction. The first and second directions may be substantially parallel to the optical axis O. The lens assembly LA may include a plurality of lenses (e.g., first lens L1, second lens L2, third lens L3, and fourth lens L4) arranged sequentially along the first direction.

[0096] According to an embodiment, the wearable electronic device 300 may include a second film portion F2 (e.g., a second polarizer) disposed at a position further away from the user's eye E than the lens assembly LA, to selectively transmit, reflect, and / or block light beams entering the lens assembly LA. In the illustrated embodiment, the second film portion F2 may be shown disposed between the display D and the lens assembly LA (e.g., a fourth lens L4), and in embodiments described later, the second film portion F2 may be shown disposed between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2. For example, the second film portion F2 may be disposed at any position between the display D and the first lens L1.

[0097] According to an embodiment, the second film portion F2 may include a second quarter-wave plate 205 and a second polarizer 206. As in the first film portion F1, the second quarter-wave plate 205 and the polarizer 206 may be combined to realize the second film portion F2. As described above, for the purpose of distinguishing components, the quarter-wave plate 203 of the first film portion F1 may be referred to as the first quarter-wave plate 203, and the quarter-wave plate 205 of the second film portion F2 may be referred to as the second quarter-wave plate 205. Furthermore, the polarizer 206 of the second film portion F2 may be referred to as the second polarizer 206 to distinguish it from the first polarizer 201 included in the first film portion F1.

[0098] According to an embodiment, when the first film portion F1 is positioned adjacent to (or in contact with) the nth lens (where "n" is a natural number), the second film portion F2 may be positioned on the (n+1)th lens adjacent to the nth lens. The description "positioned on the (n+1)th lens" can be understood as the second film portion F2 being adjacent to or in contact with one of the surfaces of the (n+1)th lens. In the embodiment, the nth lens can be understood as the lens among lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 of the lens assembly LA that is furthest from the display D (e.g., the first lens L2). The second film portion F2 may be substantially bonded to one of the surfaces of the (n+1)th lens. The surface of the (n+1)th lens to which the second film portion F2 is attached may be a substantially flat surface. As will be described later, when a first film portion F2, including a first reflecting member (e.g., reflective polarizer 202), is disposed on the user's eye-side surface of the first lens L1, a second reflecting member (e.g., beam splitter 204) may be disposed on the display-side surface of the first lens L1, and a second film portion F2 may be disposed on the user's eye-side surface of the second lens L2. In an embodiment, the second film portion F2 may be disposed on the display-side surface of the second lens L2.

[0099] According to embodiments, the arrangement of the film portions F1 and F2 and / or the beam splitter 204 can provide good image quality while miniaturizing an optical system utilizing a limited number of lenses (e.g., at least three lenses). For example, by reducing the number of lenses (or the number of lens surfaces) positioned between the reflective polarizer 202, which serves as the first reflecting element, and the beam splitter 204, which serves as the second reflecting element, refraction or scattering in the path of the reflected beam, and / or birefringence due to manufacturing errors, can be suppressed. As previously mentioned, the more refraction or scattering occurs in the path from the display D to the user's eye E, the more difficult it is to stabilize optical performance or image quality.

[0100] According to an embodiment, the wearable electronic device 300 can operate as follows: A light beam output from the display D passes through the second film portion F2, the lens assembly LA, and the first film portion F1, and then reaches and is incident on the user's eye E. In this case, the second polarizer 206 of the second film portion F2 can transmit a first linearly polarized beam, for example, a vertically polarized beam (or a p-polarized beam), and can not transmit a second linearly polarized beam, for example, a horizontally polarized beam (or an s-polarized beam). For example, among the beams reaching the second polarizer 206, only the vertically polarized beam (or the p-polarized beam) can pass through the second polarizer. The beam passing through the second polarizer 206 can be converted into a circularly polarized beam (right-hand circularly polarized beam or left-hand circularly polarized beam) by the second quarter-wave plate 205, and the circularly polarized beam can pass through the lens assembly LA and the beam splitter 204, and then reach the first quarter-wave plate 203. The circularly polarized beam reaching the first quarter-wave plate 203 can be converted back into a linearly polarized beam (for example, a vertically polarized beam (or a p-polarized beam)) as it passes through the first quarter-wave plate 203, and then reach the reflective polarizer 202. The light beam can travel along the second direction (from display D to the user's eye E) until it reaches the reflecting polarizer 202. The beam reaching the reflecting polarizer 202 is reflected back towards the first direction (from the user's eye E to display D), and then converted into a circularly polarized beam (right-hand circularly polarized beam or left-hand circularly polarized beam). The circularly polarized beam (right-hand circularly polarized beam or left-hand circularly polarized beam) can be reflected back towards the second direction by the beam splitter 204. In this case, a phase conversion can be performed (e.g., a left-hand circularly polarized beam can be converted into a right-hand circularly polarized beam, and vice versa). The phase-converted circularly polarized beam can pass through the first quarter-wave plate 203 and the reflecting polarizer 202 to travel along the second direction and reach the user's eye E. At this point, the beam passing through the first quarter-wave plate 203 can be converted into a horizontally polarized beam (or an s-polarized beam) and reach the user's eye E. However, Figure 5 The state changes of a light beam passing through the wearable electronic device 300 according to the embodiment are illustrated by way of example. It should be noted that the conversion of polarization components by the reflective polarizer 202, quarter-wave plates 203 and 205, beam splitter 204 and / or second polarizer 206 may differ from those in the above embodiments.

[0101] Figure 5 The embodiments illustrate the optical path from the display D to the user's eye E, or the polarization state of the light beam passing through the film portions F1 and F2 or beam splitter 204 (or reflected by the film portions F1 and F2 or beam splitter 204). For ease of description of the optical path or polarization state, Figure 5The second film portion F2 is shown to be disposed on the fourth lens L4, but the invention is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first film portion F1 and the second film portion F2 may be disposed between two adjacent lenses (e.g., the first lens L1 and the second lens L2), and the beam splitter 204 may be disposed between the first film portion F1 and the second film portion F2.

[0102] In the embodiments described later, for the sake of brevity in the drawings, the reference numerals for the lens surface may not be directly written in the drawings. When referring to the lens surface, the surface facing or toward the display may be called the "sensor-side surface" or "display-side surface," and the surface pointing in the opposite direction to the "sensor-side surface" or "display-side surface" and toward the user's eye orientation may be called the "object-side surface" or "eye-side surface." For example, even when the reference numerals in the drawings are omitted, those skilled in the art will readily understand the orientation of the lens surface with reference to the state shown in the drawings.

[0103] Figure 6 Display devices 401 and 402 in a wearable state and / or electronic devices 400 including display devices are shown according to embodiments (e.g., Figure 1 Electronic device 101 and / or Figures 2 to 5 Wearable electronic devices 200 or 300 (in the context of the device).

[0104] In the embodiments and referenced Figure 6 The electronic device 400 is a wearable electronic device that can be worn on a user's face and may include a first display device 401 and a second display device 402. For example, the first display device 401 may be configured (or set) to provide visual information to the user's eye RE (e.g., the right eye), and the second display device 402 may be configured (or set) to provide visual information to the user's left eye (e.g., the left eye). Figure 11 The left eye (LE) provides visual information. In embodiments, the first display device 401 and the second display device 402 may have substantially the same construction, and when placed on a user's face or inside the electronic device 400, the first display device 401 and the second display device 402 may be configured to be laterally symmetrical relative to each other. Augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, and / or extended reality interfaces can be implemented through images provided independently from the first display device 401 and the second display device 402 or images provided synchronously from the first display device 401 and the second display device 402.

[0105] According to an embodiment, each display device 401 or 402 may include a display D and a lens assembly LA. The display D may be configured to output screen output along a first direction (e.g., toward the user's eyes RE) and may be compatible with... Figure 1 Display module 160 or Figure 2 and Figure 3 And / or Figure 5 The display D or 331 are substantially the same or at least partially the same. The lens assembly LA may include at least three lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 aligned along the optical axis O. In the illustrated embodiment, the lens assembly LA is shown as including four lenses, and at least three lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 can be distinguished by writing their ordinal numbers according to the order in which they are arranged. For example, the lens set farthest from the display D may be called the first lens L1, and the lens set closest to the display D may be called the nth lens. Figure 6 In the embodiment, the nth lens can be understood as the fourth lens L4.

[0106] According to an embodiment, the lens assembly LA focuses (or directs) the screen output from the display D to a predetermined direction or position using a combination of at least three lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4. For example, the screen output from the display D can be focused onto the user's eye RE via the lens assembly LA. In an embodiment, when directing the screen output from the display D to the user's eye RE, the lens assembly LA can be configured to reflect the light beam (e.g., the screen output from the display D) at least twice between the first lens L1 and the nth lens L4. For example, the lens assembly LA may include at least one quarter-wave plate, at least one reflective polarizer, or at least one beam splitter. In an embodiment, in the configuration that reflects the light beam (e.g., the screen output from the display D) at least twice between the first lens L1 and the nth lens L4, the lens assembly LA can be understood to include... Figure 5 The membrane portions F1 and F2 and / or the beam splitter are shown. For example, Figure 5 The first film portion L1 may be disposed on the second lens surface LS2 of the first lens L1 (e.g., the display D-side surface), and the second film portion F2 may be disposed on the eye-side surface of the third lens L3. In an embodiment, Figure 5 The beam splitter 204 can be disposed on one surface of the lens surface of the second lens L2. In an embodiment, Figure 5 The beam splitter 204 can be understood as being set in Figure 6 The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 are positioned between or between the two lenses. Figure 6 Between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 in the lens assembly. As a result, the lens assembly LA can be made smaller in appearance, and the length of the optical path from the display D to the user's eye RE can be adequately ensured.

[0107] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating a display device 401 or 402 and / or a display D comprising an electronic device 400 according to an embodiment. Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the field of view (or viewing angle) of the display device 401 or 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device according to the embodiment.

[0108] In the embodiments and referenced Figure 7 and Figure 8 The display D can be aligned with the optical axis O, and the area visually recognizable by the user (hereinafter referred to as the "recognition area IA") can be the area indicated by "IA". For example, in Figure 7 In this context, the reference numeral "D" on the display D actually indicates the effective area of ​​the display D, and the identifiable area IA within the area indicated by "D" can be an example of an area that a user can visually identify from a predetermined viewpoint. Here, the description "display D aligned with optical axis O" can refer to the state where the optical axis O of the lens assembly LA is located at the point where the diagonals of the display D intersect. Figure 7 In this context, "DSP" indicates the diagonal length of display D, and the maximum image height of display D can be understood as half of the diagonal length of display D, DSP.

[0109] In the embodiments and referenced Figure 7 or Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a plan view where "RVh", "LVh", "LVp", and / or "UVp" represent the half-field of view in the user's horizontal or vertical field of view. When the field of view of display devices 401 and 402 is approximately 110 degrees, the aforementioned half-field of view can be understood as approximately 55 degrees. However, the field of view or half-field of view of display devices 401 and 402 may differ from the above values ​​depending on the specifications of the display D and / or the lens assembly LA. In embodiments, "RVh" may represent the right field of view in the horizontal field of view, "LVh" may represent the left field of view in the horizontal field of view, "LVp" may represent the lower field of view in the vertical field of view, and / or "UVp" may represent the upper field of view in the vertical field of view. In embodiments, as the display D is placed closer to the user's eyes, the display can be further miniaturized while providing an image matching the user's binocular field of view when realizing virtual reality or extended reality. The lens assembly LA may have a predetermined size or total length when directing or focusing the screen output from the display D towards the user's eyes.

[0110] Typically, a user's horizontal monocular field of view is known to be approximately 150 degrees, and when using both eyes, the user has a visual field within a range of approximately 200 degrees in the horizontal field of view. It is also known that the binocular field of view with overlapping left and right eye views is approximately 120 degrees. Therefore, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the values ​​mentioned regarding visual field are merely illustrative and may vary depending on the shape of the user's face or the relative position and distance between the right and left eyes. The field of view angle that can be provided by display devices 401 or 402 via the combination of display D and / or lens assembly LA can be approximately 120 degrees. For example, electronic device 400 may include multiple display devices 401 and 402 to satisfy the horizontal field of view, binocular field of view, and monocular field of view of each of the user's left and right eyes for users using both eyes.

[0111] In the following embodiments, the display D may be described as moving relative to the lens assembly LA to ensure an appropriate field of view based on differences in wearing conditions or visual field deviations between the user's eyes caused by the user's physical condition. However, the invention is not limited thereto, and the display D can be understood as being substantially fixed to the lens assembly LA. For example, the display D may be fixed relative to the lens assembly LA when the center of the display D (e.g., the point where the diagonals intersect) is located at a predetermined distance from the optical axis O of the lens assembly LA. In the configuration where the display D is fixed to the lens assembly LA, the distance from the center of the display D to the optical axis O of the lens assembly LA satisfies the condition of [Mathematical Expression 1], which will be described later. In the embodiments, assuming that the human binocular field of view is within an angle of approximately 135 degrees, the first display device 401 and the second display device 402 may be combined to achieve a viewing angle of approximately 140 degrees or greater. In this embodiment, when the display D has a structure fixed relative to the lens assembly LA and satisfies the condition of [Mathematical Expression 1] which will be described later, the electronic device 400 can provide a good quality image, such as an image with suppressed heterogeneity in virtual reality or extended reality, even if the display D does not have a structure that moves relative to the lens assembly LA.

[0112] According to an embodiment, when a virtual image is provided using a display device 401 or 402 positioned at a distance considerably close to the user's eyes RE, the field of view of the display device 401 or 402 matching the user's viewing angle can be calculated based on the appropriate size of the virtual image recognizable by the user at a predetermined distance (e.g., eye box), the distance between the user's eyes and the lens assembly LA (e.g., the lens surface of the nearest lens) (e.g., eye relief), and / or the diameter of the lens assembly LA (e.g., the largest outer diameter among the outer diameters of the lenses in the lens assembly LA). When determining or calculating the field of view matching the user's viewing angle, the distance between the display D and the lens assembly LA and / or the size of the display D can be determined. This will be discussed with reference to the conditions presented by the embodiments and equations described later.

[0113] According to an embodiment, when display devices 401 and 402 are placed at a distance quite close to the user's eyes, such as in a head-mounted wearable device, it may be difficult to coordinate the field of view of display devices 401 and 402 with the user's viewing angle. Therefore, as described above, electronic device 400 can provide images for augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, and / or extended reality interfaces by including multiple display devices 401 and 402 corresponding to the user's eyes. When arranging multiple display devices 401 and 402, the positions of display devices 401 and 402, the specifications of the field of view of display devices 401 and 402, and / or the size (or shape) and weight of the display devices determined with consideration for user adaptation can be taken into account.

[0114] According to an embodiment, high-quality virtual reality or extended reality can be achieved by providing spectral performance suitable for the user's binocular field of view when multiple displays D corresponding to the user's eyes are arranged in the electronic device 400. Display devices 401 and 402 can be arranged adjacent to each other within the electronic device 400 or on the user's face, while having a spectral range of approximately 120 degrees or less (e.g., approximately 110 degrees or approximately 100 degrees). In this embodiment, when the spectral ranges of approximately 80 degrees or more overlap between display devices 401 and 402, discomfort or a sense of alienation that the user may feel when realizing virtual reality or extended reality can be suppressed. For example, by combining two display devices 401 and 402, the electronic device 400 can provide a screen at a spectral range larger than the user's binocular field of view. As a result, a sense of alienation felt by the user due to the image provided when realizing virtual reality or extended reality can be suppressed.

[0115] According to an embodiment, the field of view of the image provided by the combination of display devices 401 and 402 may be smaller than the user's binocular viewing angle. For example, even if users' physical conditions (e.g., binocular viewing angles on a horizontal plane) differ from one another, as the field of view of display devices 401 and 402 increases, more realistic virtual reality or extended reality images can be provided to a variety of users. In an embodiment, even if electronic device 400 meets the physical conditions of users with respect to their binocular viewing angles, it may not be able to provide satisfactory virtual reality or extended reality images to other users. According to an embodiment, in electronic device 400 and / or in each display device 401 or 402, the respective field of view can be achieved by setting the display D to be movable relative to the lens assembly LA. For example, the field of view of electronic device 400 and / or display device 401 or 402 can be adjusted by moving the display D in a direction intersecting the screen output direction or in a direction intersecting the optical axis O. In an embodiment, the description of "movement of display D" can be understood as horizontal movement S on a predetermined plane, or as rotational or tilting movement about a predetermined axis.

[0116] In one embodiment, the display D can perform a horizontal movement S relative to the lens assembly LA in a plane substantially perpendicular to the optical axis O. In another embodiment, the display D can perform a horizontal movement S in at least two directions in a plane intersecting the optical axis O. In yet another embodiment, which will be described later, a configuration in which the display D of the first display device 401 and the display D of the second display device 402 move toward or away from each other can be described as an example. However, not limited to the directions mentioned in the embodiments, the direction of movement of the display D relative to the lens assembly LA can be combined in various ways depending on the specifications and shape of the electronic device 400 to be manufactured. The movement of the display D can be understood as an operation of adjusting the field of view of the electronic device 400 and / or the display devices 401 and 402, and in the embodiments, the movement of the display D can be understood as adjusting the direction along which the screen output focus from the display D is directed.

[0117] According to an embodiment, the display D may be configured to be substantially symmetrical within the electronic device 400 or on the user's face. In this embodiment, the movement of the display D may be performed axially symmetrically. For example, the axis of symmetry associated with the axially symmetrical movement of the display D may be understood as being substantially parallel to the user's nose. In another embodiment, the axis of symmetry associated with the axially symmetrical movement of the display D may be understood as, for example, being parallel to the user's nose. Figure 13 It intersects the Z-axis or X-axis and is parallel to the Y-axis.

[0118] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the state of motion of the display D in the display device 401 or 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device according to the embodiment. Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the position of the display D before and after movement in the display device 401 or 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device according to the embodiment. Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the field of view (or viewing angle) of the display devices 401 and 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display devices according to the embodiment, based on the movement of the display D.

[0119] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10In the accompanying drawings, the reference numeral "RP" indicates the position of the display D aligned with the optical axis O. For example, the display D can perform a horizontal movement S in the first display device 401 toward or away from the second display device 402. Due to this horizontal movement S, the half-field angle in the first display device 401 can be changed as follows. For example, the right field angle RVh1 can increase, and the left field angle LVh1 can decrease by the same amount as the increase in the right field angle RVh1. When the right field angle RVh1 increases in the first display device 401, the left field angle can increase in the second display device 402. As described above, this increase or decrease in the half-field angle can be achieved when the display D of the display devices 401 and 402 moves. In an embodiment, when display devices 401 and 402 have a field of view of approximately 110 degrees (e.g., a half field of view of approximately 55 degrees), depending on the relative movement of the display D, one of the left field of view LVh1 and the right field of view RVh1 can increase to approximately 70 degrees, and the other of the left field of view LVh1 and the right field of view RVh1 can decrease to approximately 40 degrees. In an embodiment, the display D can be positioned relative to the lens assembly LA at... Figure 13 The movement is along the Y-axis. In this case, the upper field of view UVp and / or lower field of view LVp of the display D can be adjusted.

[0120] According to an embodiment, display devices 401 and 402 and / or electronic devices 400 including display devices can satisfy the conditions presented by the following [mathematical expression 1]: [Mathematical Expression 1] 0.02≤MD / DSP≤0.2.

[0121] Here, "MD" can be the distance between the optical axis O and the center of the display D, or the distance the display D moves relative to the optical axis O, measured along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis O. In the embodiment, "MD" can be understood as a value of approximately "0 (zero)" when the center of the display D is aligned with the optical axis O. Additionally, "DSP" can be the diagonal length DSP of the display D, such as... Figure 7 or Figure 10 As shown in the figure. In an embodiment, the diagonal length DSP of the display D can be in the range of about 1 inch or more and about 3 inches or less, and the display D can move relative to the lens assembly LA within the range of satisfying the above [Mathematical Expression 1].

[0122] According to the embodiment, as described above, when the field of view angles of two adjacent display devices 401 and 402 overlap by approximately 80 degrees, discomfort or a sense of alienation when experiencing virtual reality or extended reality images can be suppressed while satisfying the user's viewing angle VA. Furthermore, the calculated value of approximately "0.2," which is the maximum value among the calculated values ​​in [Mathematical Expression 1], can be understood as the maximum distance that the display D can move within the internal space of the electronic device 400, and in the embodiment, approximately "0.2" can be understood as a value that keeps the viewing angles of the two adjacent display devices 401 and 402 overlapping by approximately 80 degrees or more.

[0123] According to an embodiment, when the display D provides a user with a satisfactory image in a state aligned on the optical axis O, the display D essentially does not move relative to the lens assembly LA. However, the calculated value of approximately "0.02", which is described as the minimum among the calculated values ​​in [Mathematical Expression 1], can be understood as the minimum value required to ensure a significant difference in the field of view compared to a state where the value of MD in [Mathematical Expression 1] is 0 (zero). In an embodiment, considering the user's requirement to ensure an image with improved quality, the calculated value of approximately "0.02", which is described as the minimum among the calculated values ​​in [Mathematical Expression 1], may have been presented. In an embodiment, display devices 401 and 402 and / or electronic devices 400 including display devices 401 and 402 can be miniaturized or lightweighted to provide a comfortable fit by satisfying the condition in [Mathematical Expression 1]. In an embodiment, display devices 401 and 402 and / or electronic devices 400 including display devices 401 and 402 can increase user satisfaction when realizing virtual reality or extended reality by satisfying the condition in [Mathematical Expression 1].

[0124] According to an embodiment, the difference between the left field of view (LVh) and the right field of view (RVh) (or the upper field of view (UVp) and the lower field of view (LVp)) resulting from the relative motion of the displays D can be in the range of about 0 degrees or more and about 20 degrees or less. In an embodiment, while ensuring that the overlapping field of view between the two displays D is about 80 degrees or more, the smaller of the left field of view (LVh) and the right field of view (RVh) in one display D can be about 40 degrees or more. For example, when two display devices 401 and 402 are combined to achieve a field of view that matches the user's viewing angle (VA), the left field of view (LVh) or the right field of view (RVh) in one display device 401 or 402 can have different values, and the smaller of the left field of view (LVh) or the right field of view (RVh) can be about 40 degrees or more.

[0125] In this embodiment, the difference “DFOV” between the left field of view (LVh) and the right field of view (RVh) based on the relative motion of the display D can be calculated using the [Mathematical Expression 2] given below. In this embodiment, when the center of the display D is aligned with the optical axis O of the lens assembly LA, the difference between the left and right field of view can be understood to be approximately “0 (zero)”, and when the center of the display D moves the maximum allowable distance from the position where the center of the display D is aligned with the optical axis O of the lens assembly LA, the half field of view (e.g., the left field of view LVh or the right field of view RVh) can be understood to be 20 degrees or less. As described above, the difference “DFOV” between the left field of view (LVh) and the right field of view (RVh) based on the relative motion of the display D can be calculated using [Mathematical Expression 2] as follows: [Mathematical Expression 2] .

[0126] In this embodiment, "FOV" may refer to the field of view achieved by display device 401 or 402 (e.g., lens assembly LA), "MD" may be the movement distance of display D (or the distance from optical axis O to the center of display D), and "DSP" may be the diagonal length of display D. For example, [Mathematical Expression 2] can be understood as arithmetically defining the deviation of the half field of view caused by the movement of display D (e.g., the difference between the left field of view LVh and the right field of view). Although omitted in [Mathematical Expression 2] above, when calculating the deviation of the half field of view, distortion coefficients may be further considered, where the distortion coefficients may be, for example, coefficients that consider the relative position (e.g., distance from optical axis O) of each pixel measured on display D when the left field of view LVh and the right field of view RVh are the same. The distortion coefficient of each pixel may be approximately proportional to its distance from the optical axis O on display D. For example, when the center of the display D is aligned with the optical axis O, the distortion coefficient of the pixel located on the optical axis (O) is approximately "0 (zero)", where there is essentially no deviation between the left field of view LVh and the right field of view RVh.

[0127] According to an embodiment, when providing visual information to a user identification area IA of the same size, the display D can be easily miniaturized by positioning it closer to the user's eyes. In an embodiment, a predetermined distance can be set between the display D and the user's eyes for arranging the lens assembly LA, and at least three lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 can each have a predetermined size (e.g., outer diameter) for machining or forming into a predetermined shape. In an embodiment, good aberration performance can be achieved regardless of the size of the display D and the lens assembly LA when they are placed at a sufficiently large distance between them. For example, when the display D and the lens assembly LA are placed at a sufficiently large distance between them, conditions are created where the light beam output from the display D can be incident on the lens assembly LA and the optical axis O in a substantially parallel manner, thereby improving the optical performance of the lens assembly LA or the display device 401 or 402. However, in an electronic device 400 used when worn on a user's body, it may be difficult to ensure good aberration performance by placing the display D away from the lens assembly LA.

[0128] According to the embodiments, by satisfying the conditions presented by the [Mathematical Expression 3] given below, the display devices 401 and 402 and / or the electronic device 400 can be easily miniaturized and have good optical performance (e.g., aberration control performance): [Mathematical Expression 3] 0.2≤(LD-DSP) / TTL≤0.7.

[0129] In [Mathematical Expression 3], “LD” is the outer diameter of the lens with the largest outer diameter among at least three lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4, and in the illustrated embodiment, it can be understood as the outer diameter of the second lens L2; ​​“DSP” is the diagonal length of the display D; and “TTL” is the total length of the lens, which can be the distance from the first lens surface LS1 (e.g., the eye-side surface) of the first lens L1 to the display D. By satisfying the conditions presented in [Mathematical Expression 3], display device 401 or 402 can ensure a good field of view and provide an environment for easy control of aberrations by reducing the angle at which the beam output from the display D is incident on the lens or the tilt angle relative to the optical axis O. In the embodiment, the display D can be implemented as an ultra-high-definition display device having a diagonal length DSP range of about 1 inch or larger and about 3 inches or smaller and a resolution of about 2500 × 1400 pixels or larger (e.g., about 3000 × 3000 pixels or larger and / or about 3840 × 3840 pixels or larger). In the embodiment, when the lens assembly LA satisfies the condition of [Mathematical Expression 3], it is determined that the above condition is satisfied even if "LD" in [Mathematical Expression 3] is applied as the effective diameter of the lens with the largest outer diameter among at least three lenses L1, L2, L3 and L4, as shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0130] According to an embodiment, the display D may have a diagonal length DSP of about 1.5 inches or less and a resolution of about 2500 × 1400 pixels or more (e.g., about 3000 × 3000 pixels or more and / or about 3840 × 3840 pixels or more). In this embodiment, the lens assembly LA may include four plastic lenses and can realize display devices 401 and 402 of about 20 mm or less. In an embodiment, when the display D has a diagonal length DSP of about 1.5 inches or less and a resolution of about 2500 × 1400 pixels or more (e.g., about 3000 × 3000 pixels or more and / or about 3840 × 3840 pixels or more) and is combined with four plastic lenses, it can provide an image with a certain field of view or satisfying the user's binocular field of view while realizing display devices 401 or 402 of about 20 mm or less. In embodiments, the value of "about 20 mm or less" mentioned as the length of display device 401 or 402 refers to the total lens length "TTL" in [Mathematical Expression 3], which can be a value obtained by measuring the distance between the eye-side surface of the first lens L1 (e.g., the first lens surface LS1) and the display D on the optical axis O. In embodiments, when at least three lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 are included, the total lens length or the length of display device 401 or 402 can be about 10 mm or greater.

[0131] Therefore, aberration control in display device 401 or 402 and / or electronic device 400 can be readily achieved when the light beam is incident on the lens at a small angle (or substantially parallel) to the optical axis O. In an embodiment, the display D can be arranged adjacent to the lens assembly LA when the display device 401 or 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device satisfies the condition of [Mathematical Expression 3], and aberration control in the lens assembly LA can be readily achieved. For example, [Mathematical Expression 3] defines the angle at which the light beam output from the display D is incident on the miniaturized lens assembly LA and / or the lens in the display device 401 or 402, which allows for suppression of the sense of heterogeneity felt by the user when realizing virtual reality or extended reality, and provides an improved image quality. In an embodiment, the displays D can be arranged side by side and can be moved away from or close to each other. In an embodiment, the description of "moving away from each other" can be understood as the display D moving away from the user's nose and toward the user's temple or ear. In an embodiment, the overlapping field of view of the first display device 401 and the second display device 402 can be adjusted according to the movement of the display D. In an embodiment, one or more displays D may move based on the relative position of one or more displays D to the user's eye RE detected by individual sensors or based on user input.

[0132] The above embodiments are generally understood to illustrate the configuration of display devices 401 and 402 and / or electronic devices 400 including display devices in the user's horizontal field of view. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the field of view (or half-field of view UVp and LVp) in the vertical field of view can be adjusted, or the field of view (or half-field of view) can be adjusted by rotational or tilting motion of the display D. In embodiments, an additional embodiment can be implemented in which the field of view (or half-field of view) is adjusted by a combination of the above-described horizontal (or vertical) motion and rotational (or tilting) motion. Refer to Figures 12 to 16 This discussion covers field-of-view adjustment in a vertical field of view or field-of-view adjustment using rotational (or tilting) motion. Reference may also be made when discussing embodiments described later. Figure 6 Electronic device 400.

[0133] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the state in which the display D moves in another direction in the display device 401 or 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device according to the embodiment.

[0134] In the embodiments and referenced Figure 12By moving the display D in a vertical direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) from a position aligned with the optical axis O (e.g., the position indicated by the reference numeral "RP"), the upper or lower field of view of the display device 401 or 402 and / or the electronic device 400 can be adjusted. In an embodiment, as illustrated in the example, a configuration in which the display D moves downward from the alignment position RP of the optical axis O can be shown. In an embodiment, the display D can move upward from the alignment position RP of the optical axis O.

[0135] In the above embodiments, it has been mentioned that the field of view of the first display device 401 and the second display device 402 overlap by approximately 80 degrees or more. Figure 12 In this embodiment, the horizontal distance between the first display device 401 and the second display device 402 can be maintained substantially at the initial configuration. Therefore, even if the display D moves in the vertical direction, the overlapping field of view of the display devices 401 and 402 can remain the same as in the initial configuration. In this embodiment, due to the vertical movement of the display D, the height of the display D relative to the user's eyes can change. In this embodiment, the distance between the displays D (which can be adjusted proportionally to the height of the display D relative to the user's eyes) can be changed. For example, when the user's gaze rises or falls from the reference state, the horizontal viewing angle can increase (or decrease). Therefore, the distance between the displays D can be controlled according to the relative height of the display D relative to the user's eyes RE.

[0136] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the rotational or tilting motion of the display devices 401 and 402 and / or the display D in the electronic device 400 including the display devices according to the embodiments. Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the state in which the display D is rotated or tilted about the X-axis in the display devices 401 and 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device according to the embodiment. Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the state in which the display D is rotated or tilted about the Y-axis in the display devices 401 and 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device according to the embodiment. Figure 16 This is a diagram showing the state in which the display D is rotated or tilted about the Z-axis in the display devices 401 and 402 and / or the electronic device 400 including the display device according to the embodiment.

[0137] In the embodiments and referenced Figures 13 to 16 This illustrates the rotational or tilting motion of display D, where, in Figure 13For example, the X-axis can indicate the horizontal direction along which the user's eyes are aligned on the user's face, the Y-axis can indicate the vertical direction on the user's face, and the Z-axis can indicate the direction of the user's gaze. When the electronic device 400 is worn on the user's face, the display D can provide image information to the user by outputting an image pointing in a first direction (e.g., the -Z direction). In an embodiment, the display D can rotate or tilt around at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis, and / or Z-axis. In an embodiment, the rotational or tilting motion of the display D around the X-axis can be understood as pitch motion R1, the rotational or tilting motion of the display D around the Y-axis can be understood as yaw motion R2, and / or the rotational or tilting motion of the display D around the Z-axis can be understood as roll motion R3. The rotational or tilting motions R1, R2, and R3 of the display D can be selectively coupled with, for example, Figure 9 The horizontal movement S of the display D shown is combined with, or combined with, as shown in the figure Figure 12 The vertical motion combination of the display D shown.

[0138] According to an embodiment, the pitch motion R1 of the display D can achieve a similar effect to... Figure 12 The vertical movement of the display D shown herein provides a field-of-view adjustment function. In this embodiment, the yaw motion R2 of the display D can achieve a similar effect to... Figure 9 The display D shown here has a field of view adjustment function for horizontal movement. In an embodiment, the scrolling motion R3 of the display D can achieve a viewing angle adjustment function similar to a combination of vertical or horizontal movement of the display D. In an embodiment, the pitch motion R1, yaw motion R2, and / or scrolling motion R3 can be adjusted at a distance... Figure 6 The position of display D shown and / or Figure 12 The optical axis O is aligned with position RP within an angle of approximately six degrees.

[0139] According to an embodiment, when the internal space of display devices 401 and 402 (and / or electronic device 400) is too narrow to allow the maximum value of approximately 0.2 among the values ​​calculated according to [Mathematical Expression 1], the field-of-view adjustment structure implemented by [Mathematical Expression 1] can be achieved by rotating or tilting the display D. In an embodiment, display devices 401 and 402 (and / or electronic device 400) can perform additional rotational or tilting movements while satisfying the conditions of [Mathematical Expression 1] in horizontal and / or vertical movements. For example, when multiple display devices 401 and 402 are combined to achieve a field of view that satisfies the user's binocular vision, the additional rotational or tilting movements can further expand the adjustment range of the field of view (or half-field of view). When expanding the adjustment range of the field of view or half-field of view, it should be noted that the field of view achieved by overlapping the first display device 401 with the second display device 402 should be maintained at approximately 80 degrees or greater. In an embodiment, this can be achieved by selectively combining... Figure 9 Horizontal movement Figure 12 Vertical motion and / or Figures 13 to 16 The rotational motion is used to adjust the field of view of display devices 401 and 402.

[0140] As described above, the display device according to the embodiment (e.g., Figure 1 The display module 160 or Figure 6 Display devices 401 and 402) and / or electronic devices (e.g., Figure 1 or Figure 6 Electronic device 101 or 400 and / or Figures 2 to 5 Wearable electronic devices (200 or 300) can achieve a field of view that satisfies the user's perspective while being miniaturized, when outputting virtual reality or extended reality images. For example, display devices and / or electronic devices including display devices according to embodiments can reduce user fatigue by providing a comfortable fit and by suppressing the sense of alienation felt by the user from viewing virtual reality or extended reality images. According to embodiments, when the display (e.g., Figures 2 to 6 The display D or 331 in the image is set relative to the lens assembly (e.g., Figure 6 When the lens assembly (LA) in the image is movable, it can provide virtual reality or extended reality images at a field of view suitable for each individual user, even if there is a deviation in the field of view between the two eyes due to differences in the individual user's body.

[0141] According to an embodiment, a display device (e.g., Figure 1 The display module 160 or Figure 6 The display devices 401 and 402 in the middle may include: a display (e.g., Figures 2 to 6 The display D or 331 in the middle is configured to output screen output along the first direction; and the lens assembly (e.g., Figure 6 The lens assembly (LA) in the image includes components along the optical axis (e.g., Figure 6 At least three lenses (e.g., along the optical axis O) arranged in sequence. Figure 6 Lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 in the display are configured to focus or guide the screen output from the display to a predetermined direction or position. In an embodiment, the lens assembly may be configured to focus or guide the screen output from the display to a predetermined direction or position via the first lens (e.g., Figure 6 The first lens L1) and the nth lens (e.g., Figure 6The fourth lens (L4) reflects at least twice, wherein the first lens is set to be furthest from the display among at least three lenses, and the nth lens is set to be closest to the display among at least three lenses. In an embodiment, the display may be configured to be movable in a direction intersecting the first direction or in a direction intersecting the optical axis. In an embodiment, the display device may satisfy the following [conditional expression 1] regarding the diagonal length DSP of the display and the distance MD from the optical axis to the center of the display, measured along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. [conditional expression 1] is given as: [Conditional Expression 1] 0.02≤MD / DSP≤0.2.

[0142] According to an embodiment, the lens assembly may include a quarter-wave plate (e.g., Figure 5 Quarter-wave plates 203 and 205), and at least one reflective polarizer (e.g., Figure 5 The reflective polarizer 202 in the middle) or the beam splitter disposed between the first lens and the nth lens (e.g., Figure 5 At least one of the beam splitters 204 in the process.

[0143] According to an embodiment, the first lens may include a first lens surface (e.g., Figure 6 The first lens surface LS1) and the second lens surface (e.g., LS1) are disposed opposite to the first lens surface and simultaneously configured to face the display. Figure 6 The second lens surface LS2 in the first lens. In an embodiment, the display device may also satisfy the following [conditional expression 2] regarding the largest outer diameter LD among the outer diameters of at least three lenses, the diagonal length of the display, and the distance TTL from the display to the first lens surface of the first lens measured on the optical axis. [conditional expression 2] is given as: [Conditional Expression 2] 0.2≤(LD-DSP) / TTL≤0.7.

[0144] According to an embodiment, the above-described display device can be configured to adjust the difference between the left and right field of view within a range of about 0 degrees or greater and about 20 degrees or less.

[0145] According to an embodiment, the smaller of the left and right field of view angles can be about 40 degrees or greater.

[0146] According to an embodiment, the first lens may include a first lens surface and a second lens surface disposed opposite to the first lens surface and simultaneously configured to face the display. In an embodiment, the distance from the first lens surface to the display, measured along the optical axis, may be approximately 10 mm or more and approximately 20 mm or less.

[0147] According to an embodiment, the diagonal length of the display can be in the range of about 1 inch or more and about 3 inches or less.

[0148] According to an embodiment, the display may be configured to rotate or tilt relative to the lens assembly.

[0149] According to an embodiment, the display may be configured to move in at least two directions on a plane intersecting the optical axis.

[0150] According to an embodiment, the above-described display device may include a pair of displays arranged side by side and a pair of lens assemblies arranged side by side.

[0151] According to an embodiment, a pair of displays may be configured to move away from or toward each other.

[0152] According to an embodiment, the display device described above can be configured to adjust the difference between the left and right field of view within a range of about 0 degrees or greater and about 20 degrees or less. In this embodiment, the smaller of the left and right field of view may be about 40 degrees or greater.

[0153] According to an embodiment, the display may have a resolution of approximately 3000×3000 pixels or greater.

[0154] According to an embodiment, an electronic device (e.g., Figure 1 or Figure 6 Electronic device 101 or 400 and / or Figures 2 to 5 The electronic device 200 or 300 in the middle may include a first display device (e.g., Figure 6 The first display device 401) and the second display device disposed on one side of the first display device (e.g., Figure 6 The second display device 402 in the first display device and the second display device may include: a display (e.g., Figures 2 to 6 The display D or 331 in the middle is configured to output screen output along the first direction; and the lens assembly (e.g., Figure 6 The lens assembly (LA) in the image includes components along the optical axis (e.g., Figure 6 At least three lenses (e.g., along the optical axis O) arranged in sequence. Figure 6 Lenses L1, L2, L3, and L4 in the display are configured to focus or guide the image output from the display screen to a predetermined direction or position. In an embodiment, the lens assembly may be configured to focus the image output from the display through the first lens (e.g., ...). Figure 6 The first lens L1) and the nth lens (e.g., Figure 6The fourth lens (L4) reflects at least twice, wherein the first lens is positioned furthest from the display among at least three lenses, and the nth lens is positioned closest to the display among at least three lenses. In an embodiment, the display may be configured to be movable in a direction intersecting the first direction or in a direction intersecting the optical axis. In an embodiment, the electronic device, the first display device, and / or the second display device may satisfy the following [conditional expression 1] and [conditional expression 2], which are given as follows: [Conditional Expression 1] 0.02≤MD / DSP≤0.2.

[0155] [Conditional Expression 2] 0.2≤(LD-DSP) / TTL≤0.7.

[0156] Wherein, "DSP" can be the diagonal length of the display, "MD" can be the distance from the optical axis to the center of the display measured along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, "LD" can be the largest outer diameter among at least three lenses, and "TTL" can be the distance from the display to the first lens surface along the optical axis (e.g., ...). Figure 6 The distance between the first lens surface LS1 and the surface of the first lens facing the display (e.g., ...). Figure 6 The second lens surface (LS2) is set opposite to the surface in the middle.

[0157] According to an embodiment, the first display device or the second display device may be configured to adjust the difference between the left and right field of view by moving the display within a range of about 0 degrees or greater and about 20 degrees or less.

[0158] According to an embodiment, the smaller of the left and right field of view angles can be about 40 degrees or greater.

[0159] According to an embodiment, the first lens may include a first lens surface and a second lens surface disposed opposite to the first lens surface and simultaneously configured to face the display. In an embodiment, the distance from the first lens surface to the display, measured along the optical axis, may be approximately 10 mm or more and approximately 20 mm or less.

[0160] According to an embodiment, the diagonal length of the display can be 1 inch or more and 3 inches or less.

[0161] According to an embodiment, the display may be configured to rotate or tilt relative to the lens assembly.

[0162] According to an embodiment, the display included in the first display device and the display included in the second display device may be configured to move away from or toward each other.

[0163] According to an embodiment, the lens assembly may include a quarter-wave plate (e.g., Figure 5 Quarter-wave plates 203 and 205), and at least one reflective polarizer (e.g., Figure 5 The reflective polarizer 202 in the middle) or the beam splitter disposed between the first lens and the nth lens (e.g., Figure 5 At least one of the beam splitters 204 in the process.

[0164] While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the invention, but are provided for illustrative purposes. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made to the form and details of the invention without departing from the overall scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A display device (160, 401, 402), comprising: The display (D, 331) is configured to output screen output along a first direction; as well as A lens assembly (LA) includes at least three lenses (L1, L2, L3, L4) arranged sequentially along an optical axis (O) and configured to focus or guide the screen output to a predetermined direction or position. The lens assembly is configured to reflect the screen output at least twice between a first lens (L1) and an nth lens (L4), wherein the first lens (L1) is positioned furthest from the display among the at least three lenses, and the nth lens (L4) is positioned closest to the display among the at least three lenses. The display is configured to move in a direction intersecting the first direction or in a direction intersecting the optical axis. The display device satisfies [conditional expression 1] regarding the diagonal length (DSP) of the display and the distance (MD) from the optical axis to the center of the display, measured along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. [Conditional Expression 1] 0.02≤MD / DSP≤0.

2.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The lens assembly includes at least one quarter-wave plate (203, 205), at least one reflective polarizer (202), or at least one beam splitter (204) disposed between the first lens and the nth lens.

3. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein, The first lens includes a first lens surface (LS1) and a second lens surface (LS2), wherein the second lens surface is configured to face the display opposite to the first lens surface, and The display device also satisfies [conditional expression 2] regarding the largest outer diameter (LD) among the outer diameters of the at least three lenses, the diagonal length (DSP) of the display, and the distance (TTL) from the display to the surface of the first lens measured on the optical axis. [Conditional Expression 2] 0.2≤(LD-DSP) / TTL≤0.

7.

4. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The display device is configured to adjust the difference between the left and right field of view by moving the display within a range of about 0 degrees or greater and about 20 degrees or less.

5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein, The smaller of the left and right field of view is approximately 40 degrees or greater.

6. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The first lens includes a first lens surface and a second lens surface, wherein the second lens surface is configured to face the display opposite to the first lens surface, and The distance from the surface of the first lens to the display, measured along the optical axis, is approximately 10 mm or more and approximately 20 mm or less.

7. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The diagonal length (DSP) of the display is in the range of about 1 inch or more and about 3 inches or less.

8. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The display is configured to rotate or tilt relative to the lens assembly.

9. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The display is configured to move in at least two directions on a plane intersecting the optical axis.

10. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the display device comprising a pair of displays arranged side by side and a pair of lens assemblies arranged side by side.

11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein, The pair of displays are configured to move in directions away from or toward each other.

12. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The display has a resolution of approximately 3000×3000 pixels or higher.

13. An electronic device (101, 200, 300, 400), comprising: First display device (401); as well as A second display device (402) is disposed on one side of the first display device. Wherein, at least one of the first display device or the second display device includes the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein, The display included in the first display device and the display included in the second display device are configured to move away from or toward each other.

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